WO2020052398A1 - 一种车灯 - Google Patents

一种车灯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020052398A1
WO2020052398A1 PCT/CN2019/100476 CN2019100476W WO2020052398A1 WO 2020052398 A1 WO2020052398 A1 WO 2020052398A1 CN 2019100476 W CN2019100476 W CN 2019100476W WO 2020052398 A1 WO2020052398 A1 WO 2020052398A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
array
emitting
emitting sub
projection lens
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/100476
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张贤鹏
马勇
李明亮
李屹
Original Assignee
深圳市绎立锐光科技开发有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of WO2020052398A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020052398A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/16—Laser light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/176—Light sources where the light is generated by photoluminescent material spaced from a primary light generating element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/255—Lenses with a front view of circular or truncated circular outline
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lighting technology, in particular to a vehicle lamp.
  • LED automotive headlights Since the advent of LED automotive headlights in 2007, automotive headlights have gradually transitioned from halogen and xenon lamps to LED headlights. Especially in recent years, with the beautiful development of new energy vehicles, LED lights have entered a blowout development stage. LED car lights have the advantages of long life, low energy consumption and low cost compared to xenon lamps, and gradually cover from high-end cars to low-end cars.
  • the movable baffle adds a mechanical movement device to the vehicle light, which reduces the reliability of the vehicle light.
  • the patent CN102537822A discloses a car headlight light source module. As shown in FIG. 1, the LED array 11 is arranged into a pattern of low beam lighting, and a small LED chip rotated by 45 ° is arranged at the center to achieve cut-off Line silhouette.
  • the LED light emitting chip has a certain volume, the LED corresponding to the low beam and the LED corresponding only to the high beam cannot be infinitely close to each other near the cutoff line of the low beam, resulting in insufficient brightness of the center point (HV point) of the spot of the vehicle lighting, which is difficult Achieve long-distance irradiation.
  • the present invention provides a far and near light integrated vehicle lamp with uniform illumination distribution and clear cutoff line, including: a light emitting array,
  • the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array are independently switchable. When the first light-emitting sub-array is turned on separately, the vehicle light emits a low-beam light beam.
  • the headlight When two light-emitting sub-arrays are turned on at the same time, the headlight emits a high beam; a projection lens is arranged on the light-emitting path of the light-emitting array, and the distance between the light-emitting array and the projection lens is greater than the focal length of the projection lens.
  • the second light-emitting sub-array includes at least one light-emitting element disposed on an optical axis of the projection lens;
  • a light-shielding device includes a light-shielding surface, and the light-shielding surface is disposed obliquely to the first light-emitting surface relative to a plane on which the light-emitting array is located Between the sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array, and the light-shielding surface is inclined toward the second light-emitting sub-array;
  • the first region of the light emitting array the first region is located on a front focal plane and an optical axis of the projection lens, and the first region includes a low-beam cutoff line profile.
  • the present invention includes the following beneficial effects: the use of a light-emitting array including independently controllable first light-emitting sub-arrays and second light-emitting sub-arrays to achieve far and near light output control, and by setting the light-emitting array away from the focal length of the projection lens Position to defocus the image to eliminate light and dark lines caused by the gap between the light-emitting elements of the light-emitting array; and set a light-shielding surface between the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array, and use the light-shielding surface to be set on the projection lens
  • the present invention utilizes the clever design of the positional relationship between the various devices to realize the integration of far and near light headlights with no dark and dark lines, clear low beam cutoff lines, and high center brightness, which overcomes the existing technology. Each of these effects cannot be achieved.
  • the light-shielding device includes a carrier, and the light-shielding surface is disposed on a surface of the carrier close to the first light-emitting sub-array.
  • This arrangement makes the first light-emitting sub-array and the light-shielding surface directly unobstructed, which facilitates the direct shaping of the low-beam beam; and the light-shielding surface itself is inclined toward the second light-emitting sub-array, and the light emitted by the second light-emitting sub-array directly toward the light-shielding surface is itself It cannot be directly emitted, so the existence of the carrier near the second light-emitting sub-array will not significantly affect the light emitted from the second light-emitting sub-array.
  • a substrate is further included, the light emitting array is disposed on the substrate, and the carrier is fixed on the substrate.
  • the carrier can be connected to the substrate by means of slots, bonding, welding, bolting, fixture fixing, etc. This structure has mechanical stability and prevents the reliability from being reduced due to the movement of the light-shielding surface.
  • the carrier is at least partially made of transparent material.
  • the light-shielding surface is a reflective coating or a light-absorbing coating.
  • the cut-off line distribution can be achieved with the thinnest light-shielding surface, that is, the size of the first region on the optical axis of the projection lens is very small, which minimizes the The light-emitting elements of the two light-emitting sub-arrays arranged on the optical axis of the projection lens are blocked by the first area.
  • a micro-nano scale coating film can be formed on the surface of a transparent material carrier by using a vapor deposition method, so that it has little effect on the light emission of the light-emitting element on the optical axis.
  • the carrier includes a continuously disposed inclined portion and a transparent extension portion, the light-shielding surface is provided on the surface of the inclined portion, and the transparent extension portion is close to the first region and located in the first portion.
  • This technical solution further extends the part of the carrier carrying the first region in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the projection lens away from the first light-emitting array, thereby avoiding the edge portion of the carrier near the first region to the second light-emitting sub-array (especially The light path of the second light-emitting sub-array located on the optical axis of the projection lens) is distorted, thereby preventing uneven brightness at the center of the outgoing beam.
  • the transparent extension portion is disposed parallel to the second light-emitting sub-array, thereby further reducing a refraction effect of the carrier on the light emitted from the second light-emitting sub-array.
  • the carrier includes a slot structure, and the second light-emitting sub-array is at least partially disposed in the slot structure.
  • the carrier can be a transparent block structure, and two parallel planes are processed in the carrier, and the second light-emitting sub-array is arranged on one of the planes.
  • the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array are LED arrays.
  • the LED array is controlled by the corresponding circuit elements, which can easily realize the switching control and brightness control of a single light-emitting element, and the pattern of the LED unit can be used to easily realize the lighting pattern of the vehicle lights.
  • At least one of the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array is a wavelength conversion element
  • the vehicle light further includes an excitation light source corresponding to the wavelength conversion element.
  • An excitation light source is used to remotely excite the wavelength conversion element.
  • the laser-excitation wavelength conversion element can emit light with higher energy density relative to the LED, achieving higher brightness and / or lower energy consumption.
  • the excitation light source can be a laser light source.
  • the wavelength conversion element may emit light in a transmission-type excitation (the incident surface and the emission surface are opposite surfaces) or in a reflection-type excitation (the incidence surface and the emission surface are the same surface). The on / off of the wavelength conversion element can be controlled by controlling the switch of the excitation light source.
  • At least one of the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array is a hybrid array of an LED and a wavelength conversion unit
  • the vehicle light further includes a signal corresponding to the wavelength conversion unit.
  • An excitation light source for remotely exciting the wavelength conversion unit By combining a high-brightness wavelength conversion unit with a lower-brightness LED, it is beneficial to achieve different illumination requirements for different lighting areas of the vehicle light, and to improve the energy consumption of the vehicle light.
  • the second light-emitting sub-array is a hybrid array of LEDs and a first wavelength conversion unit, and the first wavelength conversion unit is disposed on an optical axis of the projection lens, and the vehicle light A first excitation light source corresponding to the first wavelength conversion unit is included, and the first excitation light source is configured to remotely excite the first wavelength conversion unit.
  • the first excitation light source is a laser light source
  • the light-shielding device includes a first reflective surface
  • light emitted by the first excitation light source is reflected by the first reflective surface and is incident on the first reflective surface.
  • the projection of the light-shielding surface on the front focal plane of the projection lens covers the projection of the first reflective surface on the front focal plane of the projection lens. Because the light-shielding surface is obliquely set, it will inevitably block the light directly behind it along the optical axis direction, resulting in a waste of space.
  • This technical solution reflects the laser light from the right behind the light-shielding surface by setting a first reflecting surface to On the first wavelength conversion unit, space is used reasonably, and a compact car light structure is realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle light source in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of a vehicle light according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inventive concept of the present invention aims at designing a far-near integrated car headlight without mechanical adjustment, and seeks for the coexistence of the advantages of uniformity of the illumination beam illumination, the definition of the cut-off line of the low beam, and the brightness of the high beam center.
  • the first area of the light-shielding surface with a low-beam cut-off line profile and the light-emitting element corresponding to the central high-light illumination area are jointly set on the optical axis of the projection lens, and the light-shielding surface and the position of the light-emitting element and the focal plane of the projection lens are combined. Relationship, achieving the above mentioned coexistence of advantages.
  • the low beam cutoff line profile refers to a shape profile that approximates the low beam HV-H1-H2 line or the HV-H2 line.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle light 10 includes a light-emitting array including a first light-emitting sub-array 110 and a second light-emitting sub-array 120, a light-shielding device 130, and a projection lens 140.
  • the light emitted from the light-emitting array of the vehicle light is shaped by the light-shielding device and then projected by the projection lens. At the predetermined position, the illumination of the vehicle is formed.
  • the first light-emitting sub-array 110 and the second light-emitting sub-array 120 are both LED arrays, and the two can be independently switched.
  • the vehicle light emits a low-beam light beam
  • the vehicle lamp 10 includes a substrate 150, and the light emitting array is disposed on the substrate.
  • the projection lens 140 is composed of two lenses, including a first lens 141 and a second lens 142. It can be understood that the projection lens of the present invention does not limit the number of lenses to be applied, and may also be one or two or more lenses.
  • the optical axis of the projection lens 140 is indicated by a chain line X in the figure, and the front focal plane of the projection lens 140 is indicated by a chain line F in this side view.
  • the light emitting array is disposed on the left side of the front focal plane F, and the distance from the projection lens 140 is greater than the focal length of the projection lens 140.
  • the second light-emitting sub-array includes a light-emitting element 121 disposed on the optical axis X of the projection lens.
  • the object-side light is enlarged and imaged to a distance, the magnification ratio is very large, and the object plane is infinitely close to the front focal plane.
  • the light-emitting array is set away from the front focal plane F, so that the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting array is in a "defocused" state. Therefore, the illumination spots formed by the light-emitting units of the light-emitting array at the illumination position will diffuse and blur, and each light-emitting unit The space between them is filled, so that the shading is eliminated.
  • Setting the light-emitting element 121 of the second light-emitting sub-array 120 on the optical axis X of the projection lens 140 can enhance the brightness of the central area of the illumination position, so that the vehicle light can be illuminated further. This is because the projection lens is an inverted image at a distance, and the light spot at the illumination position corresponding to the light emitted by the light-emitting element 121 provided on the optical axis X is still on the optical axis X (that is, the central illumination area).
  • the size of 140 cannot be infinite and cannot collect light from all angles on its incident side. Therefore, for the light emitting element 121 on the optical axis X, the light emitted by it can be collected by the projection lens at most.
  • the light in the central area of the illumination position will come from the diffused light of the light-emitting element that deviates from the optical axis of the projection lens.
  • the central spot is just the edge light of the beam, and the illumination is not as good as the central illumination of the beam.
  • the light collection rate of the projection lens on the light-emitting element off the optical axis is smaller than that of the light-emitting element on the optical axis, even if the light-emitting element All of the light can be guided to the central area of the lighting position, and still cannot reach the central illuminance achieved by the technical solution of the light emitting element on the optical axis.
  • the first light-emitting sub-array 110 is in a "defocused" state, it cannot be clearly imaged, and it is impossible to obtain a clear low-light cutoff line by relying on the shape of the first light-emitting sub-array 110.
  • Shielding device 130 In order to meet the regulatory requirements of low-light illumination distribution, Shielding device 130.
  • the light shielding device 130 includes a light shielding surface 131.
  • the light shielding device 130 is actually a light shielding plate, and the light shielding surface 131 is a surface of the light shielding plate.
  • the light shielding device 130 may be a reflective sheet or a light absorbing sheet.
  • the light-shielding device 130 can be fixed to the substrate 150 by means of bonding and welding, or a slot can be provided on the substrate 150 to fix the light-shielding device 130 in the slot. It can also be fixed by other mechanical fixing devices such as bolts and clamps. The light shielding device 130 is fixed.
  • the light-shielding surface 131 and the light-shielding device 130 are inclined with respect to the plane where the light-emitting array is located, and are disposed between the first light-emitting sub-array 110 and the second light-emitting sub-array 120.
  • the light shielding surface 131 is inclined toward the second light emitting sub-array 120.
  • the light-shielding surface 131 includes a first region 1311, as shown by a dotted circle in FIG. 2, the first region 1311 is far from the light emitting array and is close to the projection lens 140.
  • the first region 1311 includes a low-beam cutoff line profile. When the light emitted by the first light emitting array 110 passes through the first region 1311, the region is blocked by the region to form a low-beam beam shape (for example, including a 45 ° or 15 ° oblique line). .
  • the first region 1311 is located on the front focal plane F and the optical axis X of the projection lens 140, so that the low-beam cutoff line imaging is clear and accurate in shape.
  • the first region is set on the front focal plane F to ensure clear imaging of the low beam cutoff line, and the first region is set on the optical axis X to avoid aberration (such as spherical aberration and coma) problems of off-axis imaging.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention is a basic solution of the present invention.
  • the light-emitting element 121 belonging to the second light-emitting sub-array 120, the first region 1311 of the light-shielding surface 131, and the projection lens 140 are sequentially disposed on the optical axis X along the light emission direction.
  • there is no light-blocking structure between the second light-emitting sub-array and the first region so that the problems such as the high-light spot in the center of the high beam and the clear cut-off line of the low beam are solved together.
  • the present invention has developed various embodiments described below.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle light 20 includes a first light-emitting sub-array 210, a second light-emitting sub-array 220, a light shielding device 230, a projection lens 240, and a substrate 250.
  • the light shielding device 230 includes a light shielding surface 231 and a carrier 232.
  • the light shielding surface 231 is disposed on a surface of the carrier 232 close to the first light emitting sub-array 210.
  • This design eliminates the need for the light-shielding surface 231 to have a mechanical strength capable of being tilted.
  • the light shielding surface 231 is disposed between the carrier 232 and the first light-emitting sub-array 210, which can avoid the influence of the carrier 232 on the low beam.
  • the light-shielding surface 231 itself is inclined toward the second light-emitting sub-array 220.
  • the carrier 232 is fixed on the substrate 250.
  • the carrier 232 can be connected to the base plate 250 through well-known and commonly used methods such as sockets, bonding, welding, bolting, and fixture fixing.
  • the carrier 232 is at least partially made of transparent material. At least, the portion of the carrier 232 near the first region is made of transparent material. With this design, the blocking effect of the carrier on the light emitted from the second light-emitting sub-array 220 is avoided.
  • the carrier is completely transparent; in another specific implementation, except for the part connected to the substrate, the rest is transparent.
  • the transparent material may be selected from inorganic non-metal materials such as sapphire, quartz glass, and other transparent ceramics.
  • the light shielding surface 231 is a reflective coating.
  • an ultra-thin, highly reflective film layer such as a reflective silver film with a thickness of a few hundred nanometers or less, can be formed on the surface of the carrier 232.
  • the ultra-thin reflective coating can make the size of the first area on the optical axis of the projection lens very small.
  • the thinnest light-shielding surface can realize the low-light cutoff line distribution, which minimizes the first area to the second light-emitting sub-array 220. Blocking of the light emitting element disposed on the optical axis of the projection lens.
  • This technical solution ensures the high brightness of the high-beam center spot, which is beneficial to eliminate the low-light cut-off line streaks that may be formed on the light-shielding surface when the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array are turned on at the same time, and improves the brightness of the central light spot. Sex.
  • the light shielding surface 231 may also be replaced with a reflective layer structure formed by reflective particles and a binder.
  • the light-shielding surface may also be replaced with a light-absorbing coating film, such as a carbon film, and the details are not described herein again.
  • the carrier 232 in addition to the inclined portion 2321 that carries the light shielding surface 231, the carrier 232 further includes a transparent extension portion 2322 close to the first region.
  • the transparent extension portion 2322 is a portion of the carrier 232 parallel to the focal plane of the projection lens.
  • the transparent extension portion 2322 is located on a light emitting path between the second light emitting sub-array 220 and the projection lens 240, and is parallel to the light emitting surface of the second light emitting sub array 220.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle light 30 includes a first light-emitting sub-array 310, a second light-emitting sub-array 320, a light shielding device 330, and a projection lens 340.
  • the light shielding device 330 includes a light shielding surface 331 and a carrier 332.
  • the carrier 332 in this embodiment includes a slot structure, and the second light-emitting sub-array is at least partially disposed in the slot structure.
  • the carrier of this embodiment is a piece of material, and a flat groove is processed in the interior, including two parallel inner sides.
  • the second light emitting sub-array is disposed on one of the planes and emits light toward the other plane.
  • the carrier 332 can be a transparent structure.
  • the first light-emitting sub-array 310 and the second light-emitting sub-array 320 are not disposed on a plane, so that the defocusing degree of the two is different to meet the requirements of different lighting areas. It can be understood that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array may not be disposed on one plane.
  • the carriers of the second and third embodiments both include a “transparent extension” provided on the light-emitting path of the second light-emitting sub-array.
  • the projection of the transparent extension on the second light-emitting sub-array can be completely Covering the light-emitting surface of the second light-emitting sub-array.
  • FIG. 5 it is a front view of a vehicle lamp according to the present invention (a viewing angle opposite to the direction of emitted light).
  • These include a first light-emitting sub-array 1, a second light-emitting sub-array 2, a light-shielding surface 3, and a carrier 4.
  • the second light-emitting sub-array 2 is behind the transparent extension of the carrier 4, so it is indicated by a dotted line.
  • the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array are both LED arrays.
  • the LED arrays are controlled by corresponding circuit elements, which can easily realize the switching control and brightness control of a single light-emitting element.
  • the pattern placement of the LED unit makes it easy to realize the lighting pattern for the car lights.
  • At least one of the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array is a wavelength conversion element.
  • the wavelength conversion element may be a whole piece (such as a fluorescent plate), or an array formed by splicing a plurality of separate fluorescent units.
  • the first light-emitting sub-array in each of the above embodiments can be replaced with a whole fluorescent sheet, and the fluorescent sheet can be cut into a shape that approximates the distribution of low-beam illumination, which can reduce the light emitted by the fluorescent sheet. Light loss on the shading surface.
  • the vehicle light also includes an excitation light source corresponding to the wavelength conversion element, and the excitation light source is used to remotely excite the wavelength conversion element to emit a laser beam with a wavelength different from the excitation light.
  • the excitation light source By controlling the switching of the excitation light source, the on / off of the wavelength conversion element can be controlled.
  • a blue light laser can be used as an excitation light source to excite a yellow fluorescent material to generate a yellow light receiving laser, and then a portion of the unabsorbed blue laser light and the yellow light receiving laser light are combined into white light required for illumination.
  • the laser has the characteristics that the luminous efficiency is much higher than that of the LED.
  • the fluorescent materials represented by Ce: YAG also have very high light-to-light conversion efficiency. Therefore, this technical solution can produce higher brightness outgoing light than pure LEDs, or at the same brightness. Lower energy consumption.
  • the laser excitation method can be a transmission type, so that the laser light enters from the back of the wavelength conversion element, and then the illumination light is emitted from the front.
  • the excitation method can also be reflective, that is, a reflective structure is provided on the back of the wavelength conversion element, so that both the laser and the receiving laser light come from the same surface. Incident and exit. This type of technical solution is a conventional method and will not be repeated here.
  • At least one of the first light-emitting sub-array and the second light-emitting sub-array is a hybrid array of an LED and a wavelength conversion unit.
  • an excitation light source for exciting a wavelength conversion element it is possible to make The combination of a high-brightness wavelength conversion unit and a low-brightness LED meets the area illumination requirements of car lights and improves car energy consumption.
  • FIG. 6, is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vehicle light 40 includes a first light-emitting sub-array 410, a second light-emitting sub-array 420, a light shielding device 430, a projection lens 440, and a substrate 450.
  • the light shielding device 430 includes a light shielding surface 431 and a carrier 432.
  • the second light-emitting sub-array 420 is a hybrid array of LEDs and a first wavelength conversion unit, and the reference numeral 421 in the figure is the first wavelength conversion unit.
  • the vehicle light 40 further includes a first excitation light source 460 corresponding to the first wavelength conversion unit 421, and the excitation light emitted by the vehicle light 40 is used to remotely excite the first wavelength conversion unit to emit laser light.
  • the first wavelength conversion unit 421 is disposed on the optical axis of the projection lens 440. After the light emitted by the first wavelength conversion unit 421 passes through the carrier 432, it passes through the first area of the light shielding film 431 and is projected by the projection lens 440 onto the illumination area. Form a central high-brightness spot.
  • This technical solution greatly improves the brightness of the central spot.
  • the brightness is relatively low, which can meet the lighting requirements of other locations at the edge of the lighting area, and avoid driving safety caused by high brightness in all lighting areas. problem.
  • the first excitation light source 460 is a laser light source, and the light beam is collimated and the optical power density is large, and high brightness light can be realized with a small beam diameter.
  • the laser light emitted from the first excitation light source 460 passes through the through hole 451 on the substrate 450 from the back surface of the substrate 450 and is incident on the light shielding device 430.
  • the light shielding device 430 includes a first reflection surface 433, and the light emitted by the first excitation light source 460 is reflected by the first reflection surface 433 and is incident on the first wavelength conversion element 421.
  • the first reflective surface 433 is a reflective coating provided on the carrier 432.
  • the first reflection surface 433 may also be a total reflection structure, such as a total reflection surface of a total reflection prism. It can be understood that the setting angle of the first reflecting surface can be adjusted on the carrier by slotting or the like to guide the light of the first excitation light source to the first wavelength conversion unit.
  • the projection of the light-shielding surface 431 on the front focal plane F of the projection lens 440 covers the projection of the first reflecting surface 433 on the front focal plane F.
  • the light source solution of the pure LED array and the light source solution of the laser fluorescent mixed LED each have advantages.
  • the technical solution of the light source of the pure LED array is mature in technology and low in cost.
  • the light source technical solution of the laser fluorescent hybrid LED can obtain higher Brightness, longer irradiation distance and better energy efficiency, technical solutions need to be comprehensively selected in different application scenarios and cost design spaces.
  • the vehicle lamp of the present invention further includes conventional structures such as a lampshade, a control circuit board, and the like, which are not shown in the accompanying drawings. This part adopts the common technology in the art, and will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

一种车灯（10），包括：发光阵列（110，120），包括可独立开关的第一发光子阵列（110）和第二发光子阵列（120）；投影镜头（140），设置在发光阵列（110，120）的出射光路上，发光阵列（110，120）与投影镜头（140）的距离大于投影镜头的焦距，第二发光子阵列（120）至少包括一个设置在投影镜头（140）光轴上的发光元件；遮光装置（130），包括遮光面（131），遮光面（131）相对于发光阵列（110，120）所在平面倾斜地设置于第一发光子阵列（110）与第二发光子阵列（120）之间，且遮光面（131）朝向第二发光子阵列（120）倾斜；遮光面（131）包括远离发光阵列（110，120）的第一区域（1311），第一区域（1311）位于投影镜头（140）的前焦面（F）和光轴(X)上，且第一区域（1311）包括近光截止线轮廓。该车灯（10）实现了无明暗纹、近光截止线清晰、中心亮度高的远近光一体车灯照明。

Description

一种车灯 技术领域
本发明涉及照明技术领域，特别是涉及一种车灯。
背景技术
自从2007年LED汽车大灯问世以来，汽车大灯逐渐从卤素灯、氙灯向LED车灯过渡。尤其是近几年，随着新能源汽车的磅礴发展，LED车灯进入井喷式发展阶段。LED车灯具有长寿命、低能耗及相对氙灯低成本的优势，逐渐从高端车向低端车覆盖。
现有的LED车灯普遍采用原卤素灯的设计思路，尤其是远近一体大灯。该技术方案通常利用高亮度LED作为发光中心，替代原卤素灯丝，然后通过反光罩对LED的出射光进行收集，使得LED的出射光在热点处会聚，然后通过设置在热点位置的可活动的机械挡板进行远近光切换——当挡板位于光路中时车灯出射近光，当挡板离开光路时车灯出射远光。然而该技术方案是一个过渡方案，完全没有利用LED组合灵活、开关响应快的优势，反而与传统的卤素灯、氙灯一样，由于挡板的遮挡，在近光灯模式下存在光浪费的现象。而且，可活动的挡板在车灯中增加了机械运动装置，降低了车灯的可靠性。
为了发挥LED的优势，本领域研究人员设计了全新的LED车灯技术方案——通过将LED阵列排布成所需要的光分布图案，利用投影成像的方式，将LED阵列发光图案投射到照明区域，并通过控制LED阵列的开关，分别形成近光照明和远光照明，实现数字化的远近一体车灯。该技术方案抛弃了传统车灯方案中的近光挡板，试图利用LED图案的边缘形成近光截止线。
例如专利CN102537822A公开了一种汽车前照灯光源模组，如图1所示，将LED阵列11排列成为近光照明的图案，并特别在中心位置设置旋转了45°的小型LED芯片以实现截止线轮廓。
然而本申请发明人发现，此类利用LED阵列成像得到近光照明的技术方案存在一个普遍的技术问题——当LED阵列在预定位置成像时，LED发光芯片彼此的间隔也会成像在照明区域，形成暗纹，导致照度极不均匀。为了消除暗纹，有技术使LED阵列在光轴方向上偏离成像镜头的焦平面，从而使得各个LED的光斑扩散、模糊化，然而该技术方案又会使得近光截止线一同模糊化，无法满足法规要求。因此，LED阵列的暗纹与截止线的清晰度成为一对不可兼顾的矛盾。
此外，由于LED发光芯片存在一定的体积，对应近光的LED与只对应远光的LED在近光截止线附近不可能无限靠近，导致车灯照明的光斑中心点(HV点)亮度不够，难以实现远距离照射。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的LED阵列车灯难以同时获得照度分布均匀和截止线清晰的照明分布的缺陷，本发明提供一种照度分布均匀、截止线清晰的远近光一体车灯,包括：发光阵列，包括可独立开关的第一发光子阵列和第二发光子阵列，当所述第一发光子阵列单独开启时，所述车灯出射近光光束，当所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列同时开启时，所述车灯出射远光光束；投影镜头，设置在所述发光阵列的出射光路上，所述发光阵列与所述投影镜头的距离大于所述投影镜头的焦距，所述第二发光子阵列至少包括一个设置在所述投影镜头光轴上的发光元件；遮光装置，包括遮光面，所述遮光面相对于所述发光阵列所在平面倾斜地设置于所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列之间，且所述遮光面朝向所述第二发光子阵列倾斜；所述遮光面包括远离所述发光阵列的第一区域，所述第一区域位于所述投影镜头的前焦面和光轴上，且所述第一区域包括近光截止线轮廓。
与现有技术相比，本发明包括如下有益效果：利用包含可独立控制的第一发光子阵列和第二发光子阵列的发光阵列实现远近光输出控制，通过将发光阵列设置在远离投影镜头焦距的位置，使成像离焦以消除发光阵列的发光元件之间的间隙带来的明暗纹；并在第一发光子阵列与第二发光子阵列之间设置遮光面，利用遮光面设置在投影镜头的前焦面和 光轴上的具有近光截止线轮廓的第一区域，通过投影成像得到清晰的近光截止线轮廓；还通过将第二发光子阵列的至少一个发光元件设置在遮光面第一区域背侧的投影镜头光轴上，使得远光光束在近光截止线位置形成高亮度的光分布。本发明通过将各个技术特征有机结合后，利用各个器件之间位置关系的巧妙设计，实现了无明暗纹、近光截止线清晰、中心亮度高的远近光一体车灯照明，克服了现有技术中各个效果无法兼得的缺陷。
在一个实施方式中，所述遮光装置包括承载体，所述遮光面设置于所述承载体靠近所述第一发光子阵列的表面。该设置方式使得第一发光子阵列与遮光面直接无遮挡，有利于近光光束直接成型；而且遮光面本身朝向第二发光子阵列倾斜，第二发光子阵列直接朝向遮光面发出的光本身就无法直接出射，那么靠近第二发光子阵列的承载体的存在也就不会对第二发光子阵列的出射光造成明显影响。
在一个实施方式中，还包括基板，所述发光阵列设置于所述基板上，所述承载体固定于所述基板上。具体地，承载体可以通过插槽、粘接、焊接、螺栓固定、夹具固定等方式连接到基板上，该结构具有机械稳定性，防止了遮光面移动带来的可靠性降低。
在一个实施方式中，所述承载体至少部分为透明材质。该技术方案在不影响第二发光子阵列的出射光的情况下，使得遮光面无需依靠自身的机械强度保持产品结构的稳定性，使得遮光面可以选择采用更轻薄的结构实现遮光功能，提高了遮光面的设计自由度和遮光装置的机械稳定性。
在进一步的实施方式中，所述遮光面为反射镀膜或吸光镀膜。通过透明材质的承载体与镀膜层的结合，能够以最薄的遮光面实现近光截止线分布，即，使得处于投影镜头光轴上的第一区域的尺寸非常小，最大限度地减少了第二发光子阵列设置在所述投影镜头光轴上的发光元件被第一区域的遮挡。尤其地，采用蒸镀的方式，可在透明材质的承载体表面形成微纳米尺度的镀膜，使其对光轴上的发光元件的出光影响微乎其微。
在一个实施方式中，所述承载体包括连续设置的倾斜部和透明延伸 部，所示遮光面设置于所述倾斜部表面，所述透明延伸部靠近所述第一区域，且位于所述第二发光子阵列与所述投影镜头之间的光出射路径上。该技术方案将承载第一区域的承载体部分在垂直于投影镜头的平面上朝向远离第一发光阵列的方向进一步延伸，避免了承载体的边缘部位在第一区域附近对第二发光子阵列(尤其是第二发光子阵列位于投影镜头光轴上的发光元件)的光路扭曲，从而避免了出射光束中心的亮度不均匀。优选地，该透明延伸部平行于所述第二发光子阵列设置，从而进一步减少了承载体对第二发光子阵列的出射光的折射影响。
在一个实施方式中，所述承载体包括一个槽结构，所述第二发光子阵列至少部分设置于所述槽结构内。承载体可以为一个通体透明的块状结构，在其内部加工出平行的两平面，将第二发光子阵列设置于其中一个平面上。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列为LED阵列。LED阵列通过相应的电路元件控制，能够很容易实现单个发光元件的开关控制和亮度控制，而且可以通过LED单元的图案摆放，可以很容易实现对车灯照明图案。
在另一个实施方式中，所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列中的至少之一为波长转换元件，所述车灯还包括与所述波长转换元件对应的激发光源，该激发光源用于远程激发所述波长转换元件。激光激发波长转换元件能够相对于LED出射能量密度更高的光，实现更高亮度和/或更低能耗。激发光源可以选择激光光源。波长转换元件的发光方式可以为透射式激发(入射面与出射面为相对面)，也可以为反射式激发(入射面与出射面为同一面)。通过控制激发光源的开关能够控制波长转换元件的亮灭。
在另一个实施方式中，所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列中的至少之一为LED与波长转换单元的混合阵列，所述车灯还包括与所述波长转换单元对应的激发光源，该激发光源用于远程激发所述波长转换单元。通过将高亮度的波长转换单元与较低亮度的LED结合，有利于实现车灯对不同照明区域的不同照度要求，有利于改善车灯的能耗。
在进一步优选的实施方式中，所述第二发光子阵列为LED与第一波 长转换单元的混合阵列，且所述第一波长转换单元设置在所述投影镜头的光轴上，所述车灯包括与所述第一波长转换单元对应的第一激发光源，所述第一激发光源用于远程激发所述第一波长转换单元。该技术方案依靠第一波长转换单元的高亮度发光，使得车灯远光照明区域的中心照度足够大，满足了更远距离的照明，同时避免了车灯的边缘照明区域过高的亮度对行人或其他车辆的影响。
在进一步优选的实施方式中，所述第一激发光源为激光光源，所述遮光装置包括第一反射面，所述第一激发光源发出的光经所述第一反射面反射后入射于所述第一波长转换单元，所述遮光面在所述投影镜头前焦面的投影覆盖所述第一反射面在所述投影镜头前焦面的投影。由于遮光面是倾斜设置，导致其沿光轴方向必然对其正后方的光造成遮挡，造成了空间的浪费，本技术方案通过设置第一反射面，将来自遮光面的正后方的激光反射至第一波长转换单元上，合理地利用了空间，实现了紧凑型车灯结构。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的一种车灯光源的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一的车灯的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例二的车灯的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例三的车灯的结构示意图；
图5为本发明一种车灯的正视图；
图6为本发明实施例四的车灯的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的发明构思以设计一款无需机械调节的远近一体汽车大灯为目的，寻求照明光束的照度均匀性、近光截止线清晰度和远光中心亮度的优势共存。具体通过将具有近光截止线轮廓的遮光面第一区域与对应远光中心照明区域的发光元件共同设置在投影镜头的光轴上，并结合遮光面和发光元件与投影镜头的焦平面的位置关系，实现了上述的优势共存。
本发明中，近光截止线轮廓是指近似近光HV-H1-H2线或HV-H2 线的形状轮廓。
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明实施例进行详细说明。
请参见图2，为本发明实施例一的车灯的结构示意图。车灯10包括包含第一发光子阵列110和第二发光子阵列120的发光阵列、遮光装置130和投影镜头140，其中，车灯的发光阵列发出的光经过遮光装置整形后，被投影镜头投射到预定位置处，形成车辆的照明。
本实施例中，第一发光子阵列110和第二发光子阵列120分别均为LED阵列，两者可以独立开关。当第一发光子阵列110单独开启时，车灯出射近光光束，当第一发光子阵列110与第二发光子阵列120同时开启时，车灯10出射远光光束。本实施例中，车灯10包括基板150，发光阵列设置在基板上。
如图所示，在本实施例中，投影镜头140由两个透镜组成，包括第一透镜141和第二透镜142。可以理解，本发明的投影镜头不限制所应用的透镜的数量，也可以是一个或两个以上的透镜。
如图所示，投影镜头140的光轴在图中以点划线X表示，投影镜头140的前焦面在该侧视图中用双点划线F表示。发光阵列设置在前焦面F的左侧，其与投影镜头140的距离大于投影镜头140的焦距。在第二发光子阵列中，包含一个发光元件121，设置在投影镜头的光轴X上。
对成像车灯而言，将物方的光放大成像到远方，放大比例非常大，物平面无限接近前焦面。本发明通过将发光阵列远离前焦面F设置，使得发光阵列的出光面处于“离焦”状态，因此发光阵列的各个发光单元在照明位置形成的照明光斑会扩散、模糊，将各个发光单元彼此之间的间隔被填满，从而实现消除明暗纹。
将第二发光子阵列120的发光元件121设置在投影镜头140的光轴X上，能够使得照明位置的中心区域亮度被加强，使得车灯照得更远。这是由于，投影镜头在远处成倒立的像，设置在光轴X上的发光元件121发出的光所对应的照明位置的光斑仍然处于光轴X上(即中心照明区域)，由于投影镜头140的尺寸不可能无限大，无法收集到其入射侧所有角度的光线，因此，对于处于光轴X上的发光元件121，其发出的光线能够最多的被投影镜头收集。如果如一些现有技术中一些方案，不 在投影镜头的光轴上设置发光元件，那么照明位置的中心区域的光将来自于偏离投影镜头光轴的发光元件的经扩散后的光，一方面，中心光斑只是光束的边缘光，照度不如该光束的中心照度，另一方面，投影镜头对偏离光轴的发光元件的光收集率小于对光轴上的发光元件的光收集率，即使该发光元件的光能够全部被引导至照明位置的中心区域，仍然达不到发光元件在光轴上的技术方案所达到的中心照度。
由于第一发光子阵列110处于“离焦”状态，不能清晰成像，无法依靠第一发光子阵列110的形状排布得到清晰的近光截止线，为了满足近光照明分布的法规要求，设置了遮光装置130。本实施例中，遮光装置130包括遮光面131，遮光装置130实际为一个遮光板，而遮光面131是该遮光板上的一个面。具体地，遮光装置130可以为一个反射薄板或者光吸收薄板。遮光装置130可以通过粘接、焊接的方式固定在基板150上，也可以通过在基板150上设置插槽，将遮光装置130固定在插槽内，还可以通过螺栓、夹具等其他机械固定装置将遮光装置130固定。
遮光面131及遮光装置130相对于发光阵列所在平面倾斜的设置，且设置于第一发光子阵列110与第二发光子阵列120之间，遮光面131与第一发光子阵列110呈钝角，使得遮光面131朝向第二发光子阵列120倾斜。
遮光面131包括第一区域1311，如图2中虚线圆圈所示的位置，该第一区域1311远离发光阵列而靠近投影镜头140。第一区域1311包括近光截止线轮廓，当第一发光阵列110发出的光经过第一区域1311时，被该区域遮挡光形，形成近光光形(例如包括45°或15°斜线)。第一区域1311位于投影镜头140的前焦面F和光轴X上，使得近光截止线成像清晰、形状准确。其中，第一区域设置在前焦面F上保证了近光截止线成像清晰，设置在光轴X上避免了离轴成像的像差(如球差、彗差)问题。
本发明实施例一为本发明的基础方案，通过沿着光出射方向在光轴X上依次设置的属于第二发光子阵列120的发光元件121、遮光面131的第一区域1311和投影镜头140(在本发明中第二发光子阵列与第一区域之间无挡光结构)，使得远光的中心高亮光斑、近光的清晰截止线等 问题被一并解决。为进一步优化技术方案及效果，本发明开发了下述各种实施方式。
请参见图3，为本发明实施例二的车灯的结构示意图。车灯20包括第一发光子阵列210、第二发光子阵列220、遮光装置230、投影镜头240和基板250。
本实施例与图2所示的实施例的不同之处在于，遮光装置230包括遮光面231和承载体232。遮光面231设置于承载体232靠近第一发光子阵列210的表面上。该设计使得遮光面231无需自身拥有能够倾斜设置的机械强度。而且将遮光面231设置于承载体232与第一发光子阵列210之间，能够避免承载体232对近光光束的影响。此外，遮光面231本身朝向第二发光子阵列220倾斜，在遮光面231的正后方，除了设置在投影镜头240的光轴上的发光元件，基板250上没有其他的发光元件设置，因此将承载体232设置在遮光面231后不会对第二发光子阵列220的出射光造成明显影响。
本实施例中，承载体232固定在基板250上。承载体232可以通过插槽、粘接、焊接、螺栓固定、夹具固定等公知常用的方式连接到基板250上。
本实施例中，承载体232至少部分为透明材质。至少的，承载体232在靠近第一区域的部分为透明材质。通过该设计，避免了承载体对第二发光子阵列220的出射光的遮挡影响。在实施例二的基础上，在一个具体实施方式中，承载体完全为透明材质；在另一个具体实施方式中，承载体除了与基板连接的部分外，其余部分为透明材质。采用包括透明材质的承载体232，无需过多考虑实施例一中的遮光板的厚度问题，可以采用更厚的结构以实现产品结构的稳定性。具体地，透明材料可以选择蓝宝石、石英玻璃、其他透明陶瓷等无机非金属材料。
本实施例中，遮光面231为反射镀膜。采用蒸镀的方式，能够在承载体232表面形成超薄的高反射率膜层，例如几百纳米甚至更薄的反射银膜。超薄的反射镀膜能够使得处于投影镜头光轴上的第一区域的尺寸非常小，以最薄的遮光面实现近光截止线分布，最大限度地减少了第一区域对第二发光子阵列220设置在所述投影镜头光轴上的发光元件的遮 挡。该技术方案确保了远光中心光斑的高亮度，有利于当第一发光子阵列与第二发光子阵列同时开启时，消除遮光面可能形成的近光截止线条纹，提高了中心光斑的亮度均匀性。
可以理解，遮光面231也可以替换为由反射颗粒与粘结剂形成的反射层结构。
在本实施例的变形实施方式中，遮光面也可以替换为吸光镀膜，如碳膜等，此处不再赘述。
在本实施例中，承载体232除了包括承载遮光面231的倾斜部2321，还包括靠近第一区域的透明延伸部2322。如图3所示，透明延伸部2322为承载体232平行于投影镜头焦平面的部位。透明延伸部2322位于第二发光子阵列220与投影镜头240之间的光出射路径上，与第二发光子阵列220的出光面平行。该技术方案减少了承载体对第二发光子阵列的出射光的折射影响。假设没有透明延伸部，只有倾斜部，那么在第一区域附近，承载体将可能存在不规则的边缘，如90°棱角等，该出的光强度最高，被折射扭曲或，会严重影响中心光斑的形状和亮度均匀性。
除遮光装置230外，本实施例的其他元件210、220、240、250的描述，可以参考实施例一中的相应元件的描述，此次不再赘述。
请参见图4，为本发明实施例三的车灯的结构示意图。车灯30包括第一发光子阵列310、第二发光子阵列320、遮光装置330和投影镜头340。其中，遮光装置330包括遮光面331和承载体332。
本实施例与上述实施例二的区别点主要在于，本实施例中的承载体332包括一个槽结构，第二发光子阵列至少部分设置于槽结构内。如图所示，本实施例的承载体为一块材，在内部加工出一扁槽，包括平行的两个内侧面，第二发光子阵列设置于其中一个平面上，朝向另一平面出射光。承载体332可以为一个透明的结构。
本实施例中，第一发光子阵列310与第二发光子阵列320并未设置在一个平面上，使得两者的离焦程度不同，以应对不同的照明区域要求。可以理解，本发明其他实施方式中，也可以将第一发光子阵列与第二发光子阵列不设置在一个平面上。
实施例二和实施例三的承载体都包括一个设置在第二发光子阵列 出光路径上的“透明延伸部”，在本发明中，该透明延伸部在第二发光子阵列上的投影可以完全覆盖第二发光子阵列的发光面。如图5所示，为本发明一种车灯的正视图(逆着出射光方向的视角)。其中包括第一发光子阵列1、第二发光子阵列2、遮光面3和承载体4。其中，第二发光子阵列2在承载体4的透明延伸部后方，所以采用虚线表示。
以上列举的各个实施方式中，第一发光子阵列与第二发光子阵列都是LED阵列，LED阵列通过相应的电路元件控制，能够很容易实现单个发光元件的开关控制和亮度控制，而且可以通过LED单元的图案摆放，可以很容易实现对车灯照明图案。发明人进一步研究发现，可以将光源类型进一步拓展，请参见如下实施方式。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，第一发光子阵列与第二发光子阵列中的至少之一为波长转换元件。该波长转换元件可以为一整块(如一块荧光片)，也可以为多个分离的荧光单元拼接成的阵列。在一个具体案例中，可以将上述各实施方式中的第一发光子阵列替换为一整块荧光片，并将荧光片切割成为近似近光灯照明分布的形状，能够减少该荧光片的出射光在遮光面上的光损失。
车灯还包括与波长转换元件对应的激发光源，该激发光源用于远程激发波长转换元件，以发出波长不同于激发光的受激光。通过控制激发光源的开关，能够控制波长转换元件的亮灭。
具体地，可以采用蓝光激光作为激发光源，激发黄色荧光材料，产生黄光受激光，而后，未被吸收的部分蓝激光与黄光受激光合光成为照明所需的白光。激光具有发光效率远高于LED的特性，以Ce:YAG为代表的荧光材料也具有极高的光光转换效率，因此该技术方案能够产生较纯LED更高亮度的出射光，或者同亮度下更低的能耗。
激光激发方式可以为透射式，使得激光从波长转换元件背面入射，然后正面出射照明光；激发方式也可以为反射式，即波长转换元件背面设置反射结构，使得激光和受激光都从同一个面入射和出射。该类技术方案为常规手段，此次不再赘述。
在本发明的另一类实施方式中，第一发光子阵列与第二发光子阵列中的至少之一为LED与波长转换单元的混合阵列，配合用于激发波长转 换元件的激发光源，能够使高亮度的波长转换单元与低亮度的LED结合，满足车灯的区域照度要求，改善车灯能耗。请参见图6，为本发明实施例四的车灯的结构示意图。车灯40包括第一发光子阵列410、第二发光子阵列420、遮光装置430、投影镜头440和基板450。其中，遮光装置430包括遮光面431和承载体432。
在本实施例中，与上述图2-4不同的是，第二发光子阵列420为LED与第一波长转换单元的混合阵列，图中标记421即为第一波长转换单元。车灯40还包括第一激发光源460，与第一波长转换单元421相对应，其发出的激发光用于远程激发第一波长转换单元以发出受激光。
本实施例中，第一波长转换单元421设置在投影镜头440的光轴上，其发出的光透过承载体432后，经遮光膜431的第一区域，被投影镜头440投射到照明区域，形成中心高亮度光斑。该技术方案极大的提高了中心光斑的亮度，同时，由于周围其他发光元件为LED，亮度相对较低，能够满足照明区域边缘其他位置的照明需求，避免全部照明区域高亮度带来的行车安全问题。
在本实施例中，第一激发光源460为激光光源，其光束准直、光功率密度大，能够以很小的光束直径实现高亮度光。第一激发光源460出射的激光从基板450背面穿过基板450上的通孔451，入射到遮光装置430上。遮光装置430包括第一反射面433，第一激发光源460发出的光经过第一反射面433反射后入射到第一波长转换元件421。
在本实施例中，第一反射面433是设置在承载体432上的反射涂层。在本实施例的变形实施例中，第一反射面433也可以是全反射结构，例如一个全反射棱镜的全反射面。可以理解，可以在承载体上通过开槽等方式调节第一反射面的设置角度，引导第一激发光源的光入射到第一波长转换单元。
在本实施例中，遮光面431在投影镜头440前焦面F上的投影覆盖第一反射面433在该前焦面F上的投影，该特征充分利用了激光光源光束集中的优势，使得该车灯结构兼具高亮度和紧凑型结构。
上述实施方式描述中，纯LED阵列的光源方案与激光荧光混合LED的光源方案各有优点，其中纯LED阵列的光源技术方案技术成熟、成本 低，激光荧光混合LED的光源技术方案能够获得更高的亮度、更远的照射距离和更优的能效，在不同的应用场景、成本设计空间需综合选择技术方案。
本发明的车灯进一步还包括灯罩、控制电路板等常规结构，未在附图中展示，该部分采用本领域通用技术，此次不再赘述。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种车灯，其特征在于，包括：
    发光阵列，包括可独立开关的第一发光子阵列和第二发光子阵列，当所述第一发光子阵列单独开启时，所述车灯出射近光光束，当所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列同时开启时，所述车灯出射远光光束；
    投影镜头，设置在所述发光阵列的出射光路上，所述发光阵列与所述投影镜头的距离大于所述投影镜头的焦距，所述第二发光子阵列至少包括一个设置在所述投影镜头光轴上的发光元件；
    遮光装置，包括遮光面，所述遮光面相对于所述发光阵列所在平面倾斜地设置于所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列之间，且所述遮光面朝向所述第二发光子阵列倾斜；
    所述遮光面包括远离所述发光阵列的第一区域，所述第一区域位于所述投影镜头的前焦面和光轴上，且所述第一区域包括近光截止线轮廓。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述遮光装置包括承载体，所述遮光面设置于所述承载体靠近所述第一发光子阵列的表面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车灯，其特征在于，还包括基板，所述发光阵列设置于所述基板上，所述承载体固定于所述基板上。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述承载体至少部分为透明材质。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述遮光面为反射镀膜或吸光镀膜。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述承载体包括连续设置的倾斜部和透明延伸部，所示遮光面设置于所述倾斜部表面，所述透明延伸部靠近所述第一区域，且位于所述第二发光子阵列与所述投影镜头之间的光出射路径上。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述承载体包括一个槽结构，所述第二发光子阵列至少部分设置于所述槽结构内。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述 第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列为LED阵列。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列中的至少之一为波长转换元件，所述车灯还包括与所述波长转换元件对应的激发光源，该激发光源用于远程激发所述波长转换元件。
  10. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述第一发光子阵列与所述第二发光子阵列中的至少之一为LED与波长转换单元的混合阵列，所述车灯还包括与所述波长转换单元对应的激发光源，该激发光源用于远程激发所述波长转换单元。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述第二发光子阵列为LED与第一波长转换单元的混合阵列，且所述第一波长转换单元设置在所述投影镜头的光轴上，所述车灯包括与所述第一波长转换单元对应的第一激发光源，所述第一激发光源用于远程激发所述第一波长转换单元。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述第一激发光源为激光光源，所述遮光装置包括第一反射面，所述第一激发光源发出的光经所述第一反射面反射后入射于所述第一波长转换单元，所述遮光面在所述投影镜头前焦面的投影覆盖所述第一反射面在所述投影镜头前焦面的投影。
PCT/CN2019/100476 2018-09-14 2019-08-14 一种车灯 WO2020052398A1 (zh)

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