WO2020052395A1 - 终端天线结构及其移动终端 - Google Patents

终端天线结构及其移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020052395A1
WO2020052395A1 PCT/CN2019/100432 CN2019100432W WO2020052395A1 WO 2020052395 A1 WO2020052395 A1 WO 2020052395A1 CN 2019100432 W CN2019100432 W CN 2019100432W WO 2020052395 A1 WO2020052395 A1 WO 2020052395A1
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Prior art keywords
terminal
antenna structure
slot
metal
antenna
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PCT/CN2019/100432
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李群
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020052395A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020052395A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of terminal antennas, and in particular, to a terminal antenna structure and a mobile terminal thereof.
  • 5G communication technology brings higher requirements to the terminal antenna structure while bringing higher data transmission rates.
  • the current 5G spectrum is mainly divided into SUB-6G and millimeter wave spectrum. Due to the high frequency of millimeter waves (24-100GHZ), in order to reduce the scattering of high-frequency electromagnetic waves during use, the antenna structure often adopts the form of an array. At present, the mainstream structure is modular.
  • SUB-6G means that the spectrum is between 450MHZ-6000MHZ. Compared with the 4G spectrum, the antenna spectrum is higher, and the higher spectrum is 3.3GHZ-5GHZ. Usually 4 * 4MIMO antenna is used.
  • 5G terminals need to add at least 4 SUB-6G antennas to the existing 4G terminals.
  • LTE also supports 4 * 4 MIMO
  • the antenna of a mobile terminal should be about 10. Distributing so many antennas in such a compact layout, but also ensuring the performance of the antenna is a great challenge for the antenna structure.
  • the solution to the tight layout of the antenna structure is to make full use of the structure of the metal middle frame to design the antenna; for example, there is a slit on the metal back cover or a slit on the metal middle frame.
  • the metal is slit, the reliability of the middle frame structure must be taken into account, and more slits will affect the beauty of the ID.
  • a terminal antenna structure and a mobile terminal thereof proposed in the embodiments of the present application are aimed at solving the problem of arranging multiple antenna structures integrated on a mobile terminal to adapt to 5G communication technology.
  • a terminal antenna structure includes:
  • a first slit and a second slit are respectively provided on both sides of the length direction of the function button slot, and an antenna feeding point position is set at one end of the function button slot in the length direction, and the antenna feeding point is provided by a radio frequency signal feeder Connect with RF chip.
  • a mobile terminal has a metal middle frame or a metal back cover; at least one terminal antenna structure is provided on the metal middle frame or the metal back cover. .
  • the terminal antenna structure and the mobile terminal of the embodiment of the present application use the function key structure of the terminal and the metal structure part to realize the antenna structure by using the slot antenna radiation principle.
  • the existing structure parts of the terminal be fully utilized, The impact on the appearance of the terminal will also be small.
  • the antenna structure can make full use of metal structural parts as antennas in a tight layout environment to achieve miniaturization of the antenna and miniaturization of the terminal.
  • the antenna structure also has a good radiation direction, and the radiation pattern is easy to adjust, which can reduce the impact of the human body on the antenna and improve the user experience. It can also be made in the form of a simple antenna array to achieve better antenna radiation, which can be applied to all terminals with metal middle frames and metal back covers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a terminal antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a position connection of a feeding point of a terminal antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mobile terminal having the terminal antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (rear view) of an antenna structure layout of a conventional mobile terminal with a metal middle frame.
  • the reference numerals 1-8 are the positions of the current slitting of the middle frame of the metal.
  • slitting 1-4, or slitting 5-8 or slitting 1-8 can be selected in any combination.
  • Reference numerals 9-11 are the positions of the function keys of the terminal; the function keys can be volume keys, power-on keys, camera keys, T / SIM card tray, and so on.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal antenna structure.
  • the antenna structure includes: first and second slits 12 and 13 are respectively formed on both sides of the function button slot 14 in the length direction.
  • An antenna feeding point position 15 or 16 is set at one end of the function key slot 14 in the length direction, and the antenna feeding point 15 or 16 is connected to a radio frequency chip through a radio frequency signal feeder 19.
  • the function key slot is disposed in a metal middle frame or a metal back cover, and the function key slot is provided with a non-metal function key.
  • the non-metallic function keys include a volume key, a start key, a camera key, and a T / SIM card holder.
  • the non-metal function button is a T / SIM card holder
  • This key slot 14 implements a 5G N79 antenna structure.
  • the metal middle frame needs to be provided with a first slot 12 and a second slot 13 in order to be disconnected from the metal middle frame in other areas, otherwise the entire metal middle frame is grounded and the antenna cannot radiate.
  • the antenna excitation source near the narrow side of the key slot, such as 15 or 16, which is the position of the antenna feed point.
  • the position is the point where the current is the maximum. It can use a 50 ohm impedance to feed the electromagnetic wave at a half-wavelength frequency.
  • the maximum radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave magnetic field is in a plane perpendicular to the long side of the slot, and the maximum electric field radiation direction is in a plane parallel to the long side of the slot, that is, it has better radiation performance at the top of the terminal, which improves the user experience.
  • a compensation gap 18 is extended at one end of the function key slit 14 in the length direction, the first slit 12 is opened outside the compensation gap 18, and an office is opened near the other end of the function key gap 14.
  • the second slit 13 is provided with the antenna feeding point position 15 or 16 at an end in the length direction of the compensation slot 18 or at the other end of the function button slot 14.
  • the compensation gap 18 is filled with a non-metallic medium.
  • the length of the key gap does not reach the length required by the antenna structure.
  • the length of the gap can be increased on the original key gap, and the increased compensation gap area needs to be filled with a medium.
  • the non-metallic function keys are made of materials with different dielectric constants to adjust a frequency offset excited by the antenna structure to reach a preset frequency point.
  • a metal wire 17 is provided in the width direction of the function key slot 14, and the impedance or the position of the feeding point at the excitation source of the antenna structure is changed by the metal wire 17 to shift the excited frequency. If the length of the key slot is too long, the impedance at the antenna excitation source or the position of the feed point can be changed to make the excitation frequency shift. It is also possible to increase the length of the gap by adding slender wires locally.
  • the terminal antenna structure further includes a signal reflection plate 20, and the signal reflection plate 20 is disposed between the first slit and the second slit. If necessary, adjust the radiation pattern of the antenna so that it has better radiation gain in a specific direction.
  • a metal signal reflecting plate can be added to the back of the slotted metal middle frame. The position and size of the metal signal reflecting plate can be adjusted according to the direction of adjustment.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a mobile terminal having a metal middle frame or a metal back cover; at least one terminal antenna structure as described in Embodiment 1 is provided on the metal middle frame or the metal back cover. .
  • a set of slits are respectively provided at the four top corner positions of the metal middle frame or the metal back cover, and a plurality of terminal antenna structures are formed by the slits.
  • the slot antenna has a radiation field similar to the half-wave array antenna, except that the maximum radiation direction is perpendicular to the long side of the slot This direction can just avoid the two strongest absorption positions of the human head and human hand; thus achieving better radiation.
  • the terminal antenna structure and the mobile terminal of the embodiment of the present application use the function key structure of the terminal and the metal structure part in combination with the slot antenna radiation principle to realize the antenna structure.
  • the impact on the appearance of the terminal will also be small.
  • the antenna structure can make full use of metal structural parts as antennas in a tight layout environment to achieve miniaturization of the antenna. Miniaturization of the terminal.
  • the antenna structure also has a good radiation direction, and the radiation pattern is easy to adjust, which can reduce the impact of the human body on the antenna and improve the user experience. It can also be made in the form of a simple antenna array to achieve better antenna radiation, which can be applied to all terminals with metal middle frames and metal back covers.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种终端天线结构及其移动终端，属于终端天线技术领域，旨在解决在移动终端上适应5G通信技术集成布置多个天线结构的问题。所述天线结构包括：在功能按键缝隙的长度方向两侧分别开设第一开缝和第二开缝，在所述功能按键缝隙长度方向的其中一端设置天线馈电点位置，通过射频信号馈线将所述天线馈电点与射频芯片连接。该天线结构利用终端的功能按键结构和金属结构件结合利用缝隙天线辐射原理实现天线结构，不但能充分利用终端的现有结构件，对终端外观影响也会很小，该天线结构可以在布局紧张的环境下充分利用金属结构件作为天线，来实现天线的小型化。终端小型化。

Description

终端天线结构及其移动终端
本申请要求享有2018年09月13日提交的名称为“终端天线结构及其移动终端”的中国专利申请CN201821499591.1的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及终端天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种终端天线结构及其移动终端。
背景技术
目前，移动终端屏幕越来越大，屏占比也越来越高，同时金属化框架日趋普遍。5G通讯技术在带来更高的数据传输速率的同时也给终端天线结构带来更高的要求。目前5G频谱主要分为SUB-6G和毫米波两段频谱。毫米波由于频率较高(24-100GHZ)，为了减少使用时的高频电磁波的散射问题，天线结构常常采用阵列的形式，目前主流结构方式是模块化。而SUB-6G是指频谱在450MHZ-6000MHZ之间，相对于4G频谱来说天线频谱更高，高出的频谱在3.3GHZ-5GHZ，通常采用4*4 MIMO的天线形式。也就是说5G终端需要在现有的4G终端基础上至少要再增加4个SUB-6G天线，若LTE也支持4*4 MIMO，那么一个移动终端的天线应该是在10个左右。在这么紧凑的布局中分布这么多天线，还要保证天线的性能对天线结构来说是一个很大挑战。尤其是全金属或者金属中框终端；解决天线结构布局紧张的方法就是充分利用金属中框的结构件来设计天线；比如目前在金属背盖上开缝或者金属中框上开缝等。但是在金属开缝时还要兼顾到中框结构的可靠性,而且开缝较多还会影响ID的美观。
发明内容
本申请实施例提出的一种终端天线结构及其移动终端，旨在解决在移动终端上适应5G通信技术集成布置多个天线结构的问题。
为实现上述目的，根据本申请实施例的第一个方面，提供了一种终端天线结构，所述天线结构包括：
在功能按键缝隙的长度方向两侧分别开设第一开缝和第二开缝，在所述功能按键缝隙长度方向的其中一端设置天线馈电点位置，通过射频信号馈线将所述天线馈电点与射 频芯片连接。
根据本申请实施例的第二个方面，提供了一种移动终端，所述移动终端具有金属中框或者金属背盖；在所述金属中框或者金属背盖上至少设置有一所述终端天线结构。
根据以上技术方案，可知本申请实施例的终端天线结构及其移动终端，利用终端的功能按键结构和金属结构件结合利用缝隙天线辐射原理实现天线结构，不但能充分利用终端的现有结构件，对终端外观影响也会很小，该天线结构可以在布局紧张的环境下充分利用金属结构件作为天线，来实现天线的小型化、终端小型化。
另外，该天线结构还具有较好的辐射方向，辐射方向图容易调整，可以减少人体对天线产生的影响，提升用户体验。也可以做简单的天线阵列形式，实现更好的天线辐射，在所有的金属中框和金属背盖的终端中都可以应用。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例涉及的现有终端天线结构示意图；
图2是根据本申请实施例的其中一个终端天线结构侧视示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例的终端天线结构的馈电点位置连接示意图；
图4是根据本申请实施例的具有该终端天线结构的移动终端示意图；
本申请目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
现有天线结构一般是利用金属装饰键作为天线，但是针对终端比较薄，实现起来比较困难或者天线效率较差。或者对终端外观ID造型影响较大。或者是利用金属结构件上做开缝处理做天线但是常规的天线形式因为天线的辐射方向图往往在金属框辐射体区域较强同时又有较强的辐射方向性，所以当手持使用时容易把整个天线遮挡住，导致辐射 效率急剧下降，影响使用。图1中提供了一种现有金属中框的移动终端的天线结构布局示意图(后视图)。其中标号1-8是目前金属中框开缝的位置，根据需要可以选择开缝1-4，或者开缝5-8或者开缝1-8中的几个任意组合方式。标号9-11是终端的功能按键的位置；功能按键可以是音量键，开机键，拍照键，T/SIM卡托等。
针对上述现有终端天线结构的缺陷，提出以下实施例。
实施例1
如图2、3所示，本申请实施例提供了一种终端天线结构，所述天线结构包括：在功能按键缝隙14的长度方向两侧分别开设第一开缝12和第二开缝13，在所述功能按键缝隙14长度方向的其中一端设置天线馈电点位置15或16，通过射频信号馈线19将所述天线馈电点15或16与射频芯片连接。
在实施例1中，所述功能按键缝隙设置在金属中框或者金属背盖内，所述功能按键缝隙内设置非金属功能按键。
在实施例1中，所述非金属功能按键包括音量键、开机键、拍照键以及T/SIM卡托。
以金属中框终端为例说明，若非金属功能按键为一个T/SIM卡托，在金属中框的对应按键缝隙14上开一个相应长度和宽度的缝隙便于放置T/SIM卡托，如果要在这个按键缝隙14实现一个5G N79天线结构，该处应该至少有一个长度约15mm长度左右的按键缝隙14，并且该SIM/T卡托不能为金属材质，且此时距离缝隙两边一定距离(比如5mm以上)的位置金属中框需要设置第一开缝12和第二开缝13，为了和其他区域的金属中框断开，否则整个金属中框接地而天线无法辐射。如果此时按键缝隙14的长度约在15mm左右，那么选择在按键缝隙靠近窄边的附近，比如15或16的位置放置天线激励源，也就是天线的馈电点位置，根据缝隙天线辐射原理此位置为电流最大点可以用50欧姆的阻抗做馈电就可以激励出二分之一波长的频率的电磁波。该电磁波磁场的最大辐射方向在垂直于缝隙长边的平面，最大电场辐射方向在平行于缝隙长边的平面，也就是说在终端的顶部有较好的辐射性能，这就提升了用户体验。
如图3所示，在所述功能按键缝隙14长度方向一端延伸开设补偿缝隙18，在所述补偿缝隙18外侧开设所述第一开缝12，在所述功能按键缝隙14另一端附近开设所述第二开缝13，在所述补偿缝隙18长度方向的末端或者所述在所述功能按键缝隙14的另一端设置所述天线馈电点位置15或16。
其中，所述补偿缝隙18内填充非金属介质。按键缝隙的长度达不到天线结构需要的长度，一方面可以通过在原有的按键缝隙上加大缝隙的长度，增加的补偿缝隙区域需要填充介质。另一方面也可以改变T/SIM卡的卡托材质，改为较高介电常数的材质，使激励出的频率向低偏移达到需要的频点。
可选地，所述非金属功能按键采用不同介电常数的材质制成，以调整天线结构激励出的频率偏移达到预设频点。
如图3所示，在所述功能按键缝隙14的宽度方向设置金属丝17，通过所述金属丝17改变天线结构激励源处的阻抗或馈电点位置，使激励出的频率发生偏移。若按键缝隙的长度太长，可以改变天线激励源处的阻抗或者馈电点位置，使其激励出频率发生偏移。也可以在局部增加细长的金属丝来改变缝隙的长度。
如图4所示，所述终端天线结构还包括信号反射板20，所述信号反射板20设置在所述第一开缝和所述第二开缝之间。若需要调整天线的辐射方向图，使其在特定的方向有更好的辐射增益。可以在开缝的金属中框背面增加金属信号反射板，金属信号反射板的位置和大小根据需要调整的方向做调整。
实施例2
本申请实施例还提供了一种移动终端，所述移动终端具有金属中框或者金属背盖；在所述金属中框或者金属背盖上至少设置有一个如实施例1中所述终端天线结构。
在实施例2中，在所述金属中框或者所述金属背盖的四个顶角位置分别设置有一组开缝，通过所述开缝形成多个终端天线结构。
例如，如图1所示，在金属中框的终端上，在功能键9-11的位置往往需要在金属中框上开缝，我们就利用这些开缝作为天线给予一个信号源并结合缝隙周围的金属构成一个缝隙天线，来实现特定频段的天线辐射。如果功能键位置的缝隙比实际需要的的缝隙大，可以在缝隙的局部加比较细的金属筋(金属丝)来改变缝隙的长度，同时该天线结构不会影响到功能键的使用。如果缝隙长度比实际需要的小，通过补偿缝隙继续加大缝隙同时在补偿缝隙的中间填充介质；该缝隙天线具有与半波阵子天线类似的辐射场，只不过最大辐射方向在垂直于缝隙长边的方向该方向刚好可以避开人头和人手这两个吸收最强的位置；从而实现较好的辐射。
根据以上技术方案，可知本申请实施例的终端天线结构及其移动终端，利用终端的 功能按键结构和金属结构件结合利用缝隙天线辐射原理实现天线结构，不但能充分利用终端的现有结构件，对终端外观影响也会很小，该天线结构可以在布局紧张的环境下充分利用金属结构件作为天线，来实现天线的小型化。终端小型化。
另外，该天线结构还具有较好的辐射方向，辐射方向图容易调整，可以减少人体对天线产生的影响，提升用户体验。也可以做简单的天线阵列形式，实现更好的天线辐射，在所有的金属中框和金属背盖的终端中都可以应用。
上述本申请实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，这些均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种终端天线结构，其中，所述天线结构包括：
    在功能按键缝隙的长度方向两侧分别开设第一开缝和第二开缝，在所述功能按键缝隙长度方向的其中一端设置天线馈电点位置，通过射频信号馈线将所述天线馈电点与射频芯片连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的终端天线结构，其中，所述功能按键缝隙设置在金属中框或者金属背盖内，所述功能按键缝隙内设置非金属功能按键。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的终端天线结构，其中，所述非金属功能按键包括音量键、开机键、拍照键以及T/SIM卡托。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的终端天线结构，其中，在所述功能按键缝隙长度方向一端延伸开设补偿缝隙，在所述补偿缝隙外侧开设所述第一开缝，在所述功能按键缝隙另一端附近开设所述第二开缝，在所述补偿缝隙长度方向的末端或者所述在所述功能按键缝隙的另一端设置所述天线馈电点位置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的终端天线结构，其中，所述补偿缝隙内填充非金属介质。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的终端天线结构，其中，所述非金属功能按键采用不同介电常数的材质制成，以调整天线结构激励出的频率偏移达到预设频点。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的终端天线结构，其中，在所述功能按键缝隙的宽度方向设置金属丝，通过所述金属丝改变天线结构激励源处的阻抗或馈电点位置，使激励出的频率发生偏移。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的终端天线结构，其中，所述终端天线结构还包括信号反射板，所述信号反射板设置在所述第一开缝和所述第二开缝之间。
  9. 一种移动终端，其中，所述移动终端具有金属中框或者金属背盖；在所述金属中框或者金属背盖上至少设置有一如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的终端天线结构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的移动终端，其中，在所述金属中框或者所述金属背盖的四个顶角位置分别设置有一组开缝，通过所述开缝形成多个终端天线。
PCT/CN2019/100432 2018-09-13 2019-08-13 终端天线结构及其移动终端 WO2020052395A1 (zh)

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CN110416694B (zh) * 2019-07-23 2022-02-25 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种天线频率偏移处理方法及终端设备
CN114095591A (zh) * 2020-08-24 2022-02-25 华为技术有限公司 按键、卡托、摄像头装饰件及移动终端
CN112701467B (zh) * 2020-11-30 2024-03-22 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种电子设备
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CN112736437B (zh) * 2020-12-22 2022-08-30 厦门智锐星科技有限公司 5g天线及射频器件电路板

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