WO2020052086A1 - 一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备及系统 - Google Patents

一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020052086A1
WO2020052086A1 PCT/CN2018/117747 CN2018117747W WO2020052086A1 WO 2020052086 A1 WO2020052086 A1 WO 2020052086A1 CN 2018117747 W CN2018117747 W CN 2018117747W WO 2020052086 A1 WO2020052086 A1 WO 2020052086A1
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Prior art keywords
pipe
area
water
contact oxidation
adsorption
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PCT/CN2018/117747
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李现瑾
温建利
林常源
刘华
李旻
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江苏中车环保设备有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201821510109.XU external-priority patent/CN208980535U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201811074571.4A external-priority patent/CN108975636A/zh
Application filed by 江苏中车环保设备有限公司 filed Critical 江苏中车环保设备有限公司
Publication of WO2020052086A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020052086A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of decentralized domestic sewage treatment in villages and towns, and in particular to a standard-raising equipment and system suitable for decentralized domestic sewage treatment in towns and villages.
  • Biological denitrification method refers to the process of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater under the action of various microorganisms, through a series of reactions such as nitrification and denitrification, to finally form nitrogen.
  • the biological nitrogen removal method can remove a variety of nitrogen-containing compounds, and the total nitrogen removal rate can reach 70% to 95%. It is the most cost-effective method in the field of domestic sewage treatment.
  • Nitrification is the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater to nitrite or nitrate by aerobic nitrifying bacteria under aerobic conditions. It includes two basic reaction steps: the conversion of ammonia nitrogen into nitrite by nitrite bacteria.
  • the denitrification process is to use denitrifying bacteria (denitrifying bacteria) to reduce nitrite and nitrate to nitrogen to escape from the wastewater.
  • the phosphorus removal by adsorption method mainly depends on the physical adsorption and chemical precipitation of phosphorus elements by adsorption filter materials. Although it has the disadvantages of large volume and the need for regeneration treatment after adsorption saturation, compared to other methods, it has the advantages of stable effluent water, convenient operation and maintenance, etc., and is suitable for the distributed domestic sewage treatment in villages and towns.
  • the present invention provides a standardization equipment suitable for the treatment of decentralized domestic sewage in villages and towns.
  • the contact oxidation zone and the adsorption and phosphorus removal zone By setting the contact oxidation zone and the adsorption and phosphorus removal zone, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus can be sequentially removed.
  • a standard-raising equipment suitable for village and town's decentralized domestic sewage treatment which includes a box-type casing, and a vertical partition plate I is provided in the box-type casing to divide the internal space of the box-type casing into a contact oxidation zone and an adsorption and phosphorus removal zone
  • the contact oxidation area is provided with a contact oxidation filler, and the adsorption phosphorus removal area is provided with a phosphorus removal filter; the adsorption phosphorus removal area is provided with a vertical partition plate II to separate the adsorption phosphorus removal area into a water distribution area and a collection area;
  • a water area, a water distribution pipe is arranged in the water distribution area, and a water collection pipe is arranged in the water collection area.
  • an aeration component is provided in the contact oxidation zone, the aeration component includes an aeration head extending to the bottom of the contact oxidation zone, the aeration head is connected to the fan through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a regulating valve.
  • the contact oxidation area is provided with a return component
  • the return component includes a return flow path extending to the bottom of the contact oxidation area, the return flow path is connected to a pump, and the return flow path is provided with a regulating valve.
  • a water collection pipe is provided in the contact oxidation zone, and an upper portion of the water collection pipe is connected to the side wall of the box-type shell and extends outward, and a bottom of the water collection pipe extends to the bottom of the contact oxidation zone.
  • the water distribution pipe is connected to the upper part of the partition plate I, and the water distribution pipe is a cross-shaped pipeline.
  • the water collecting pipe is connected to the upper part of the box-type shell and extends outward, and the water collecting pipe is a cross-shaped pipeline.
  • a plurality of overflow holes are arranged side by side in the upper part of the partition plate II, and a plurality of water-permeable holes are arranged side by side in the lower part of the partition plate II.
  • the adsorption and dephosphorization zone is further provided with a back flushing pipe, the back flushing pipe includes a vertical pipe extending from the top to the bottom of the adsorption and dephosphorization zone, and the bottom of the vertical pipe is in communication with the first cross pipe.
  • the first cross pipe includes a first longitudinal pipe and a first transverse pipe which are connected in a cross, and both of the first longitudinal pipe and the first transverse pipe extend from the connection to both sides, and one end of the first transverse pipe It communicates with the second cross tube.
  • the second cross pipe includes a second longitudinal pipe and a second transverse pipe which are connected in a cross and cross, and the second longitudinal pipe and the second transverse pipe both extend from the connection to both sides.
  • volume ratio between the contact oxidation zone and the adsorption phosphorus removal zone is 1: (5-10); the volume ratio between the water distribution zone and the water collection zone in the adsorption phosphorus removal zone is 1: 1.
  • a marking system suitable for village and township decentralized domestic sewage treatment includes the above-mentioned marking equipment, and the marking equipment is in communication with the sewage treatment equipment.
  • the return path is connected to the water inlet of the sewage treatment equipment through a return pipe.
  • the standard-raising equipment can be manufactured in batches at the factory, standardized production, and installed on site, which shortens the construction period of the project.
  • the standard-raising equipment not only has strong contact oxidation and ability to remove organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, but also has strong phosphorus removal function.
  • the standard-raising equipment does not involve mechanical parts and is reliable in operation; the phosphorus removal area is maintenance-free during the filter material adsorption life cycle.
  • the standard-raising equipment has a small footprint, good effluent quality, and solves quality control problems such as leakage of civil construction.
  • the system consisting of the standard-setting equipment solves the problems of the existing small-scale sewage treatment equipment, poor effluent water quality, difficult nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
  • the system composed of the standard-raising equipment can achieve the highest effluent water quality to reach the Grade A standard of urban sewage treatment plants.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a bid raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a bid raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the partition plate II
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a bid raising system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the bid raising system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • this application proposes a method suitable for distributed living in villages Sewage treatment standardization equipment and systems; village and town domestic sewage enters small wastewater treatment equipment such as purification tanks through collection pipes, and sewage treated by small sewage equipment enters the standardization equipment for enhanced treatment.
  • the standardization equipment performs oxidation treatment by contacting the oxidation zone to remove most of the remaining organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen from the small sewage equipment, and returns the treated sewage to the small sewage treatment equipment for denitrification reaction, thereby achieving the removal of total nitrogen.
  • the sewage treated in the contact oxidation zone enters the adsorption and phosphorus removal zone, and the total phosphorus is removed through the adsorption of the filter material; at the same time, the remaining organic matter and contact oxidation are oxidized in the anaerobic environment of the adsorption and phosphorus removal zone.
  • the nitrate generated in the zone undergoes denitrification to achieve advanced treatment of sewage.
  • a mark-up device suitable for decentralized sewage treatment in villages and towns is provided.
  • a vertical partition I6 is provided to divide the internal space of the box-type casing 13 into a contact oxidation zone and an adsorption and phosphorus removal zone; a contact oxidation filler is provided in the contact oxidation zone, and a phosphorus removal filter is disposed in the adsorption and phosphorus removal zone;
  • a vertical partition plate II7 is provided in the adsorption and dephosphorization area to separate the adsorption and dephosphorization area into a water distribution area and a water collection area.
  • a water distribution pipe 5 is arranged in the water distribution area, and a water collection pipe 9 is arranged in the water collection area.
  • the contact oxidation filler may be a hanging filler, a floating filler, a suspended filler, or the like.
  • the phosphorus removal filter can be a filter material with phosphorus removal performance such as adsorption and chemical removal.
  • the bidding equipment can be in the form of ground installation, semi-underground, full-underground, etc.
  • the main body can be made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, PE, etc., and can be a cuboid and other forms composed of a single body, upper and lower shells.
  • the box-type casing 13 of the device main body is made of FRP reinforced plastic, and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with an external size of 2681 * 1678 * 1580mm, and two ⁇ 600 manhole covers are provided.
  • the volume ratio of the contact oxidation zone to the adsorption and phosphorus removal zone is 1: (5-10); in this embodiment, the volume of the contact oxidation zone is 0.5 m 3 , and the volume of the adsorption phosphorus removal zone is about 3.5 m 3 .
  • An aeration component 2 is provided in the contact oxidation zone.
  • the aeration component 2 includes an aeration head extending to the bottom of the contact oxidation zone.
  • the aeration head is connected to the fan through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a regulating valve 4.
  • the aeration head may be an aeration disk, a perforated pipe, or the like.
  • the aeration component 2 is composed of an aeration pipe with a pipe diameter of DN20 and a material of PVC and an aeration perforated pipe.
  • the contact oxidation area is provided with a return component 3, and the return component includes a return flow path extending to the bottom of the contact oxidation area.
  • the return flow path is connected to a pump, and the return flow path is provided with a regulating valve 4.
  • the pump can be a mechanical pump, a submersible sewage pump, a clean water pump, an air lift pump, and the like.
  • the returning component 3 is an air-lifting component having a diameter of the inlet port of DN20, a diameter of the outlet port of DN50, and a material of PVC.
  • the regulating valve 4 is composed of two ball valves with scales, which respectively control the aeration amount of the aeration component 2 and the return flow of the return component 3.
  • a water collection pipe 1 is provided in the contact oxidation zone.
  • the upper portion of the water collection pipe 1 is connected to the side wall of the box-type casing 13 and extends outward.
  • the bottom of the water collection pipe 1 extends to the bottom of the contact oxidation zone.
  • the water collection pipe 1 is composed of a drainage pipe with a diameter of DN110, a material of PVC, and a 90 ° elbow pipe.
  • the volume ratio of the water distribution area to the water collection area in the adsorption and phosphorus removal area is 1: 1.
  • the standardization equipment can separate (5-10): 1 sewage lifting area at the rear end of the adsorption and phosphorus removal area, which is located at the rear end of the water collection area and corresponds to the front and rear of the contact oxidation area to achieve the height of the treated water outlet.
  • the lifting form can be a mechanical pump, a submersible sewage pump, a clean water pump, an air lift pump, etc. When the treated water cannot be discharged into the natural water body by itself, it is forcibly discharged through the pump.
  • the water distribution pipe 5 is connected to the upper part of the partition plate I6, and the water distribution pipe 5 is a cross-shaped pipeline.
  • the water distribution pipe is a 45 ° symmetrical perforated pipe inclined downward, that is, the water distribution pipe is provided with an oblique hole on the lower side of the pipe for water distribution.
  • the water collecting pipe 9 is connected to the upper part of the box-type casing 13 and extends outward.
  • the water collecting pipe 9 is a cross-shaped pipeline.
  • the water collecting pipe is a 45 ° symmetrically perforated pipe inclined downward, that is, the water collecting pipe is provided with an oblique hole on the lower side of the pipe to collect water.
  • the water distribution pipe 5 and the water collection pipe 9 are all made of symmetrically perforated pipes with a diameter of DN110 and a PVC drainage pipe inclined downward 45 °.
  • the water distribution pipe 5 and the water collection pipe 9 are respectively installed at the water inlet and the water outlet of the adsorption and dephosphorization area. They are arranged in a "T" shape, and one end is provided with a pipe plug. It is open everywhere, and the water distribution pipe and the water collecting pipe are provided with pipe plugs at the other ends of the cross-shaped pipeline) to achieve uniform water distribution and water collection.
  • a plurality of overflow holes 10 are arranged side by side in the upper part of the partition plate II7, and a plurality of water-permeable holes 11 are arranged side by side in the lower part of the partition plate II7.
  • three overflow holes 10 with a diameter of 110 are opened above the partition plate II7, and four through holes 11 with a diameter of 110 are opened below.
  • the adsorption and dephosphorization zone is further provided with a back flushing pipe 8.
  • the back flushing pipe 8 includes a vertical pipe 14 extending from the top to the bottom of the adsorption and dephosphorization zone. The bottom of the vertical pipe 14 communicates with the first cross pipe 15.
  • the first cross pipe 15 includes a first longitudinal pipe 16 and a first transverse pipe 17 that are connected in a cross, and both of the first longitudinal pipe 16 and the first transverse pipe 17 extend from the connection to the two sides, and the first transverse pipe 17 One end of the tube is in communication with the second cross tube 18.
  • the second cross pipe 18 includes a second longitudinal pipe 19 and a second transverse pipe 20 which are connected in a cross, and both of the second longitudinal pipe 19 and the second transverse pipe 20 extend from the communication place to both sides.
  • the standard-raising equipment may be clogged or the total phosphorus in the effluent may exceed the standard.
  • the treatment method is air washing, water washing, acid washing or combined cleaning.
  • the specific process is as follows: first, the water outlet of the labeling equipment is blocked, and compressed air or backwash liquid flows into the contact oxidation zone through the backwash pipe, the water distribution pipe, and the water inlet pipe, and the backwash liquid in the contact oxidation zone is collected into the container by a pump. .
  • the water inlet chamber After the water inlet chamber is cleaned, block the water distribution pipe of the equipment and open the water outlet of the equipment; allow compressed air or backwash liquid to flow into the nearby water collection well through the backwash pipe, water collection pipe, and water outlet pipe, and pump the water in the water collection well through the pump.
  • the washing liquid is collected in the container (if a sewage lifting area is set, the backwash wastewater can be pumped in the sewage lifting area).
  • the backflushing pipe 8 is made of a DN50 symmetrically perforated pipe with a water supply pipe made of PVC-U obliquely downward 45 °.
  • a backwash tube is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption and phosphorus removal zone. When the equipment is used normally, it is used as an air outlet pipe; when backwashing is required, it is used as a backwash pipe.
  • the backwashing forms are water washing, air washing, pickling and combined methods.
  • a bidding system suitable for decentralized domestic sewage treatment in villages and towns is provided, as shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 5, and includes the bidding device 21 described above.
  • the upgrading equipment is in communication with sewage treatment equipment.
  • Sewage treatment equipment can be septic tanks, purification tanks, etc.
  • the standardization system is a single-family, joint-family system for deep rural sewage treatment after the standardization equipment is connected to small sewage treatment equipment such as septic tanks and purification tanks. .
  • the volume ratio between the small and medium-sized sewage treatment equipment and the equipment for upgrading is 1: (1-4).
  • the sewage treatment equipment is a purification tank 22, and the water collection pipe 1 of the bidding equipment 21 communicates with the water outlet of the purification tank 22, and the return path of the return component 3 is connected to the sewage treatment equipment (ie, the purification tank 22) through the return pipe 12. ) Water inlet. Both the purification tank 22 and the labeling equipment 21 are connected to a fan 23.
  • the standard-setting equipment is connected to the purification tank fan, and the suspended filler (filling rate: 50%) is added to the oxidation zone for oxidation treatment. Most of the organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen remaining in the effluent of the purification tank equipment are removed, and the treated sewage is treated.
  • the sewage after contacting the oxidation zone treatment enters the adsorption phosphorus removal zone and passes through the filter material.
  • Adsorption to achieve the removal of total phosphorus;
  • the denitrification reaction is performed on the remaining part of the organic matter and the nitrate generated in the contact oxidation zone to achieve the in-depth treatment of sewage, and finally The effluent of the system reaches the Grade A standard of urban sewage treatment plants.

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Abstract

一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备及系统，其通过接触氧化区和吸附除磷区的设置，可以在依次去除总氮、总磷时，实现对污水的深度处理，其技术方案为：包括箱体式外壳（13），箱体式外壳（13）内设置竖向的隔板Ⅰ（6）将箱体式外壳（13）内部空间分隔成接触氧化区和吸附除磷区；所述接触氧化区内设置接触氧化填料，所述吸附除磷区内设置除磷滤料；所述吸附除磷区设置竖向的隔板Ⅱ（7）将吸附除磷区分隔成布水区和集水区，所述布水区内布设布水管（5），所述集水区内布设集水管（9）。

Description

一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及村镇分散式生活污水处理技术领域，特别是涉及一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备及系统。
背景技术
近年来，市场上出现了大批农村分散式污水处理设备，低端设备如化粪池相关产品等，高端设备如净化槽、膜生物反应器等相关产品。众所周知，目前各种村镇分散式生活污水处理工艺及设备均不能实现对氮、磷的经济高效、稳定持续的去除；地表水中氮、磷物质仍然没有得到有效控制，微生物大量繁殖、浮游生物生长旺盛，富营养化状态没有得到有效解决。
生物脱氮法是指废水中的氨氮在各种微生物的作用下，通过硝化和反硝化等一系列反应，最终形成氮气的过程。生物脱氮法可去除多种含氮化合物，总氮去除率可达70％～95％，是生活污水处理领域最经济有效的方法。生物法脱氮的工艺有很多种，但是基本原理一般都包含硝化和反硝化两个阶段。硝化反应是在好氧条件下通过好氧硝化菌的作用将废水中的氨氮氧化为亚硝酸盐或硝酸盐，包括两个基本反应步骤：由亚硝酸菌参与的将氨氮转化为亚硝酸盐的反应；由硝酸菌参与的将亚硝酸盐转化为硝酸盐的反应。在缺氧条件下，反硝化过程为利用反硝化菌(脱氮菌)将亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐还原为氮气从废水中逸出。
污水处理领域中磷元素的去除方法有很多种，如生物法、化学沉淀法、电解法、生态法及吸附法等。其中吸附法除磷，主要靠吸附滤料等对磷元素的物理吸附、化学沉淀等。虽然具有体积较大，吸附饱和后需要再生处理的缺点，但是相对于其他方法而言，是一种具有出水稳定、运行维护方便等优点的，适合于村镇分散式生活污水处理的方式。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备，其通过接触氧化区和吸附除磷区的设置，可以在依次去除总氮、总磷时，实现对污水的深度处理；
进一步的，本发明采用下述技术方案：
一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备，包括箱体式外壳，箱体式外壳内设置竖向的隔板Ⅰ将箱体式外壳内部空间分隔成接触氧化区和吸附除磷区；所述接触氧化区内设置接触氧化填料，所述吸附除磷区内设置除磷滤料；所述吸附除磷区设置竖向的隔板Ⅱ将吸附除磷区分隔成布水区和集水区，所述布水区内布设布水管，所述集水区内布设集水管。
进一步的，所述接触氧化区设置曝气组件，所述曝气组件包括延伸至接触氧化区底部的曝气头，曝气头通过管路与风机连接，所述管路设置调节阀。
进一步的，所述接触氧化区设置回流组件，所述回流组件包括延伸至接触氧化区底部的回流通路，回流通路与泵连接，所述回流通路设置调节阀。
进一步的，所述接触氧化区设置收水管，收水管上部连接于箱体式外壳侧壁并向外侧延伸，收水管底部延伸至接触氧化区底部。
进一步的，所述布水管连接于隔板Ⅰ上部，布水管为十字交叉形管路。
进一步的，所述集水管连接于箱体式外壳上部并向外侧延伸，集水管为十字交叉形管路。
进一步的，所述隔板Ⅱ上部并排设置多个溢流孔，隔板Ⅱ下部并排设置多个透水孔。
进一步的，所述吸附除磷区还设置有反冲洗管，所述反冲洗管包括由吸附除磷区顶部延伸至底部的竖管，竖管底部与第一十字交叉管连通。
进一步的，所述第一十字交叉管包括成十字交叉连通的第一纵向管和第一横向管，第一纵向管和第一横向管均由连通处向两侧延伸，第一横向管的一端与第二十字交叉管连通。
进一步的，所述第二十字交叉管包括成十字交叉连通的第二纵向管和第二横向管，第二纵向管和第二横向管均由连通处向两侧延伸。
进一步的，所述接触氧化区与吸附除磷区体积比为1:(5-10)；吸附除磷区的布水区与集水区体积比为1:1。
一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标系统，包括如上所述的提标设备，所述提标设备与污水处理设备连通。回流通路通过回流管连接至污水处理设备的进水口。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、提标设备可以进行工厂批量制造，标准化生产，现场安装，缩短了工程的建设周期。
2、提标设备不仅具有较强的接触氧化，去除有机物质和氨氮的能力，同时具有较强的除磷功能。
3、提标设备不涉机械零部件，运行可靠；除磷区域，在滤料吸附寿命周期内免维护。
4、提标设备相比与人工湿地，占地面积小、出水水质好、解决了土建施工的渗漏等质量控制问题。
5、提标设备组成的系统解决了现有小型污水处理设备，出水水质较差、脱氮、除磷困难的问题。
6、提标设备组成的系统可以实现最高出水水质达到城镇污水处理厂一级A标准。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1为本发明实施例中提标设备的主视图；
图2为本发明实施例中提标设备的俯视图；
图3为隔板Ⅱ示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中提标系统的主视图；
图5为本发明实施例中提标系统的俯视图；
图中，1、收水管；2、曝气组件；3、回流组件；4、调节阀；5、布水管；6、隔板Ⅰ；7、隔板Ⅱ；8、反冲洗管；9、集水管；10、溢流孔；11、透水孔；12、回流管；13、箱体式外壳；14竖管；15第一十字交叉管；16第一纵向管；17第一横向管；18第二十字交叉管；19第二纵向管；20第二横向管；21提标设备；22净化槽；23风机。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所介绍的，现有技术中村镇生活污水处理过程中，市场上的多数工艺及设备均不能满足排放要求，为了解决如上的技术问题，本申请提出了一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备及系统；村镇生活污水经过收集管道进入净化槽等小型污水处理设备，小型污水设备处理过的污水进入提标设备进行强化处理。该提标设备通过接触氧化区进行氧化处理，去除小型污水设备剩余的大部分有机污染物和氨氮，并将处理过的污水回流至小型污水处理设备进行反硝化反应，从而实现对总氮的去除；接触氧化区处理后的污水进入吸附除磷区，通过滤料的吸附作用，实现对总磷的去除；同时，在该吸附除磷区的厌氧环境下，对剩余的部分有机物和接触氧化区产生的硝氮进行反硝化反应，实现对污水的深度处理。
本申请的一种典型的实施方式中，如图1-图3所示，提供了一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备，包括箱体式外壳13，箱体式外壳13内设置竖向的隔板Ⅰ6将箱体式外壳13内部空间分隔成接触氧化区和吸附除磷区；所述接触氧化区内设置接触氧化填料，所述吸附除磷区内设置除磷滤料；所述吸附除磷区设置竖向的隔板Ⅱ7将吸附除磷区分隔成布水区和集水区，所述布水区内布设布水管5，所述集水区内布设集水管9。
接触氧化填料可以为悬挂式填料、浮挂式填料、悬浮填料等。除磷滤料可以为吸附除磷、化学除磷等具有除磷性能的滤料。
该提标设备可为地面安装、半地埋、全地埋等形式。主体可为玻璃钢、PE材质等，可为单体、上下壳体组成的类长方体及其他形式。本实施例中设备主体的箱体式外壳13为玻璃钢增强塑料材质，外形尺寸为2681*1678*1580mm的类长方体形式，设两个φ600人孔盖。所述接触氧化区与吸附除磷区体积比为1:(5-10)；该实施例中接触氧化区体积为0.5m 3，吸附除磷区体积约3.5m 3。
所述接触氧化区设置曝气组件2，所述曝气组件2包括延伸至接触氧化区底 部的曝气头，曝气头通过管路与风机连接，所述管路设置调节阀4。曝气头可以为曝气盘、穿孔管等。本实施例中曝气组件2由管径为DN20、材质为PVC的曝气管和曝气穿孔管组成。
所述接触氧化区设置回流组件3，所述回流组件包括延伸至接触氧化区底部的回流通路，回流通路与泵连接，所述回流通路设置调节阀4。泵可以采用机械泵、潜污泵、清水泵、气提泵等。该实施例中回流组件3为进气口管径为DN20、出水口管径为DN50、材质为PVC的气提组件。
调节阀4为具有刻度的两个球阀组成，分别控制曝气组件2的曝气量和回流组件3的回流量。
所述接触氧化区设置收水管1，收水管1上部连接于箱体式外壳13侧壁并向外侧延伸，收水管1底部延伸至接触氧化区底部。该实施例中收水管1由管径为DN110、材质为PVC的排水管及90°弯管组成。
吸附除磷区的布水区与集水区体积比为1:1。
该提标设备可在吸附除磷区的后端分隔出(5-10):1的污水提升区，其位于集水区后端，与接触氧化区前后对应，以实现提升处理水的出水高度，其提升形式可为机械泵、潜污泵、清水泵、气提泵等，当处理水无法自流排入自然水体时，通过泵强制排出。
所述布水管5连接于隔板Ⅰ6上部，布水管5为十字交叉形管路。本实施例中布水管采用斜向下45°对称穿孔管，也即布水管在管下侧设置斜孔以布水。
所述集水管9连接于箱体式外壳13上部并向外侧延伸，集水管9为十字交叉形管路。本实施例中集水管采用斜向下45°对称穿孔管，也即集水管在管下侧设置斜孔以集水。
本实施例中吸附除磷区投加以石膏、粉煤灰、磷石膏、水泥和石灰等为主要原料，经特殊工艺制成的多孔吸附除磷滤料，实现对污水中磷的吸附。布水管5、集水管9均采用管径为DN110、材质为PVC的排水管斜向下45°对称穿孔管制作。布水管5、集水管9分别安装于吸附除磷区的进水口和出水口，布置为“十”字型，且一端设管堵(布水管与入水口连通处开放，集水管与出水口连通处开放，布水管、集水管在十字形管路的其他端点设管堵)，实现均匀的布水、集水等。
所述隔板Ⅱ7上部并排设置多个溢流孔10，隔板Ⅱ7下部并排设置多个透水 孔11。本实施例中隔板Ⅱ7上方开有3个φ110的溢流孔10，下方开有4个φ110的透水孔11。吸附除磷区正常工作时，污水由布水管5经布水区、透水孔11、集水区、集水管9排出；当吸附除磷区出现堵塞时，污水由布水管5经布水区、溢流孔10、集水管9排出。此时吸附除磷区需要进行反冲洗维护操作。
所述吸附除磷区还设置有反冲洗管8，所述反冲洗管8包括由吸附除磷区顶部延伸至底部的竖管14，竖管14底部与第一十字交叉管15连通。
所述第一十字交叉管15包括成十字交叉连通的第一纵向管16和第一横向管17，第一纵向管16和第一横向管17均由连通处向两侧延伸，第一横向17管的一端与第二十字交叉管18连通。
所述第二十字交叉管18包括成十字交叉连通的第二纵向管19和第二横向管20，第二纵向管19和第二横向管20均由连通处向两侧延伸。
在长期运行过程中，提标设备有可能出现堵塞或出水总磷超标现象；此时处理方式为采用气洗、水洗、酸洗或联合方式清洗等。具体过程为：首先堵塞提标设备出水口，使压缩空气或反洗液通过反洗管、布水管、进水管流入接触氧化区，并通过泵将接触氧化区内的反洗液收集到容器内。待进水室清洗完毕后，堵塞设备布水管口，打开设备出水口；使压缩空气或反洗液通过反洗管、集水管、出水管流入附近集水井，并通过泵将集水井内的反洗液收集到容器内(如设置污水提升区，可在污水提升区抽吸反洗废水)。
本实施例中，反冲洗管8采用DN50、材质为PVC-U的给水管斜向下45°对称穿孔管制作。反冲洗管布置于吸附除磷区的底部。设备正常使用时作为出气管使用；当需要反洗时，作为反洗管使用，反洗形式为水洗、气洗、酸洗及联合方式等。
本实施例中给出一种气水联合反洗吸附除磷区的实施步骤：
当堵塞或出水磷酸盐超标时，进行气水联合冲洗，以恢复吸附除磷区的吸附功能。反洗过程为：
1、准备反洗设备，清理现场准备反洗吸附除磷区的布水区。
2、堵塞提标设备出水口；从提标设备接触氧化区抽吸反洗废水。
3、将移动式鼓风机连接反冲洗管8进行气洗，持续3min，停止。
4、通过反冲洗管8向提标设备快速注水0.5m 3进行水洗，将反洗废水通过泵 收集到罐车处理。
5、循环以上气洗、水洗步骤三次。
6、打开提标设备出水口，堵塞提标设备布水管5口，从提标设备后端集水井抽吸反洗废水。
7、按照步骤3-5，反洗吸附除磷区的集水区。
8、恢复现场，反洗结束。
本申请的另一种典型的实施方式中，提供了一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标系统，如图4-图5所示，包括如上所述的提标设备21，所述提标设备与污水处理设备连通。污水处理设备可以为化粪池、净化槽等，提标系统为该提标设备连接在化粪池、净化槽等小型污水处理设备后的一种深度农村生活污水处理的单户、联户型系统。提标系统中小型污水处理设备与提标设备的容积比例为1:(1-4)。
该实施例中污水处理设备为净化槽22，提标设备21的收水管1与净化槽22的出水口连通，回流组件3的回流通路通过回流管12连接至污水处理设备(即净化槽22)的进水口。净化槽22和提标设备21均与风机23连接。
村镇生活污水经过收集管道进入净化槽设备，净化槽设备处理过的污水达到城镇污水处理厂一级B标准(不含总氮、总磷指标)。净化槽设备出水进入提标设备进行强化处理。该提标设备连接净化槽风机，通过接触氧化区内投加悬浮填料(填充率为50％)进行氧化处理，去除净化槽设备出水剩余的大部分有机污染物和氨氮，并将处理过的污水通过回流管12回流至净化槽设备前端的检查井，进而在净化槽设备内进行反硝化反应，从而实现对总氮的去除；接触氧化区处理后的污水进入吸附除磷区，通过滤料的吸附作用，实现对总磷的去除；同时，在该吸附除磷区的厌氧环境下，对剩余的部分有机物和接触氧化区产生的硝氮进行反硝化反应，实现对污水的深度处理，最终系统出水达到城镇污水处理厂一级A标准。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标设备，其特征是，包括箱体式外壳，箱体式外壳内设置竖向的隔板Ⅰ将箱体式外壳内部空间分隔成接触氧化区和吸附除磷区；所述接触氧化区内设置接触氧化填料，所述吸附除磷区内设置除磷滤料；所述吸附除磷区设置竖向的隔板Ⅱ将吸附除磷区分隔成布水区和集水区，所述布水区内布设布水管，所述集水区内布设集水管。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的提标设备，其特征是，所述接触氧化区设置曝气组件，所述曝气组件包括延伸至接触氧化区底部的曝气头，曝气头通过管路与风机连接，所述管路设置调节阀。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的提标设备，其特征是，所述接触氧化区设置回流组件，所述回流组件包括延伸至接触氧化区底部的回流通路，回流通路与泵连接，所述回流通路设置调节阀。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的提标设备，其特征是，所述接触氧化区设置收水管，收水管上部连接于箱体式外壳侧壁并向外侧延伸，收水管底部延伸至接触氧化区底部。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的提标设备，其特征是，所述布水管连接于隔板Ⅰ上部，布水管为十字交叉形管路；所述集水管连接于箱体式外壳上部并向外侧延伸，集水管为十字交叉形管路。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的提标设备，其特征是，所述隔板Ⅱ上部并排设置多个溢流孔，隔板Ⅱ下部并排设置多个透水孔；所述接触氧化区与吸附除磷区体积比为1:(5-10)；吸附除磷区的布水区与集水区体积比为1:1。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的提标设备，其特征是，所述吸附除磷区还设置有反冲洗管，所述反冲洗管包括由吸附除磷区顶部延伸至底部的竖管，竖管底部与第一十字交叉管连通。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的提标设备，其特征是，所述第一十字交叉管包括成十字交叉连通的第一纵向管和第一横向管，第一纵向管和第一横向管均由连通处向两侧延伸，第一横向管的一端与第二十字交叉管连通。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的提标设备，其特征是，所述第二十字交叉管包括成十字交叉连通的第二纵向管和第二横向管，第二纵向管和第二横向管均由连通处向两侧延伸。
  10. 一种适用于村镇分散式生活污水处理的提标系统，其特征是，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的提标设备，所述提标设备与污水处理设备连通。
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