WO2020051883A1 - Procédé de charge, chargeur, pile de charge, véhicule électrique et support d'informations - Google Patents

Procédé de charge, chargeur, pile de charge, véhicule électrique et support d'informations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020051883A1
WO2020051883A1 PCT/CN2018/105744 CN2018105744W WO2020051883A1 WO 2020051883 A1 WO2020051883 A1 WO 2020051883A1 CN 2018105744 W CN2018105744 W CN 2018105744W WO 2020051883 A1 WO2020051883 A1 WO 2020051883A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
coupled
voltage
rectifier
converter
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PCT/CN2018/105744
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
廖华
Original Assignee
西门子股份公司
廖华
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Application filed by 西门子股份公司, 廖华 filed Critical 西门子股份公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/105744 priority Critical patent/WO2020051883A1/fr
Publication of WO2020051883A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020051883A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery charging, and in particular, to a charging method, a charger, a charging pile, an electric vehicle, and a storage medium.
  • the electric vehicles may include, for example, pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, electric buses, electric buses, electric motorcycles, electric bicycles, and the like. Electric vehicles need to be charged by on-board or off-board charging devices.
  • the charging device may include a charger or a charging post.
  • a charger can convert alternating current into a direct current signal and use the direct current signal to charge the battery of an electric vehicle.
  • the efficiency of the charger needs to be improved.
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes a charging scheme for a charger to improve the efficiency of the charger.
  • a charging method for a charger includes: a rectifier; a DC converter whose input end is coupled to the output end of the rectifier; a bypass switch which is connected to the DC The converters are connected in parallel; wherein the method includes: obtaining a voltage of a battery coupled to an output terminal of the DC converter; determining whether the voltage of the battery reaches a first threshold; and determining that the voltage of the battery reaches a desired value.
  • the bypass switch is controlled to be closed so that the output terminal of the rectifier is coupled to the battery.
  • the bypass switch of the DC converter is controlled in parallel by the controller.
  • the charging method further includes: determining whether the voltage of the battery reaches a second threshold, wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold; and determining that the voltage of the battery is less than the second threshold
  • the bypass switch is controlled to be turned off, and the DC converter is controlled to be in a constant current mode.
  • the charging method can charge the battery in a constant current mode by turning off the bypass switch.
  • the charging method further includes: when it is determined that the voltage of the vehicle battery reaches the second threshold value and is less than the first threshold value, controlling the bypass switch to be turned off, and controlling the direct current The converter is in constant voltage mode.
  • the charging method can charge the battery in a constant voltage mode by turning off the bypass switch.
  • the obtaining a voltage of a battery coupled to an output terminal of the DC converter includes obtaining the voltage from a battery management system that monitors the battery.
  • the rectifier is a pulse width modulation rectifier or a Vienna rectifier.
  • a charger includes: a rectifier, an input end of the rectifier is coupled to an AC power source, an output end of the rectifier outputs a DC electric signal, and a DC converter, the DC converter An input terminal of the converter is coupled to an output terminal of the rectifier; a bypass switch is connected in parallel with the DC converter; and at least one controller is used to control a switching state of the bypass switch; When the bypass switch is closed, the output terminal of the rectifier is coupled to the output terminal of the DC converter, and the controller is further configured to control the DC converter to stop working.
  • the charger can use the voltage output by the rectifier to directly charge the battery through the bypass switch, which can avoid the power loss of the charger on the DC converter, thereby improving the efficiency of the charger.
  • the controller controls a switching state of the bypass switch according to the following manner: acquiring a voltage of a battery coupled to an output terminal of the DC converter; and determining whether the voltage of the battery reaches the first A threshold; when it is determined that the voltage of the battery reaches the first threshold, controlling the bypass switch to close.
  • the controller further controls the switching state of the bypass switch according to the following manner: determining whether the voltage of the battery reaches a second threshold, wherein the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold;
  • the bypass switch is controlled to be turned off.
  • the controller is further configured to: when it is determined that the voltage of the battery is less than the second threshold, control the DC converter to be in a constant current mode; and when it is determined that the voltage of the battery reaches the When the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold, the DC converter is controlled to be in a constant voltage mode.
  • the controller obtains a voltage of a vehicle battery coupled to an output terminal of the DC converter according to the following manner: obtaining the voltage from a battery management system that monitors the battery.
  • the DC converter is a resonant DC converter.
  • the resonant DC converter includes: an AC square wave output unit, an input end of the AC square wave output unit is coupled to an output end of the rectifier, and a resonance unit, the resonance unit
  • the input terminal of the rectifier unit is coupled to the output terminal of the AC square wave output unit; a transformer, the input terminal of the transformer is coupled to the output terminal of the resonance unit; a rectifier unit, and the input terminal of the rectifier unit is connected to the The output terminal of the transformer is coupled, and the output terminal of the rectifier unit is an output terminal of the DC converter.
  • the output terminal of the rectifier includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal, wherein the voltage of the first output terminal is higher than the second output terminal; and the AC square wave output unit includes A first power switching tube and a second power switching tube connected in series between a first output terminal and a second output terminal of the rectifier;
  • the resonance unit includes: a drain connected in series with the second power switching tube and A first capacitor, a first inductor, and a second inductor between the sources;
  • the transformer includes a primary coil and a secondary coil, wherein the primary coil is connected in parallel with the second inductor; and the rectifying unit includes a second capacitor A first diode, the anode of the first diode is coupled to the first end of the secondary coil, and the anode of the first diode is coupled to the first end of the second capacitor A second diode, the anode of the second diode is coupled to the second end of the secondary coil, and the anode of the second diode is coupled to the first end of the
  • the bypass switch is coupled between a first output terminal of the rectifier and a first terminal of the second capacitor.
  • the rectifier is a Vienna-type rectifier.
  • the Vienna-type rectifier includes: a three-phase AC power input terminal, including a first AC input terminal, a second AC input terminal, and a third AC input terminal; a third capacitor; a third inductor, and the third A first terminal of the inductor is coupled to the first AC input terminal; a fifth diode, an anode of the fifth diode is coupled to a second terminal of the third inductor; a sixth diode, The anode of the sixth diode is coupled to the anode of the fifth diode, and the anode of the sixth diode is coupled to the first terminal of the third capacitor (the fourth capacitor, so A first terminal of the fourth capacitor is coupled to a second terminal of the third capacitor; a seventh diode, a negative electrode of the seventh diode is coupled to a second terminal of the third inductor; Eight diodes, the anode of the eighth diode is coupled to the anode of the seventh diode, and the anode of the eighth di
  • a ninth diode, the anode of the ninth diode is coupled to the second terminal of the third capacitor, and the anode of the ninth diode is connected to the first insulated gate bipolar transistor.
  • An emitter of the transistor is coupled; a fourth inductor, a first end of the fourth inductor is coupled to the second AC input terminal; an eleventh diode, an anode of the eleventh diode and A second terminal of the fourth inductor is coupled; a twelfth diode, an anode of the twelfth diode is coupled to a negative electrode of the eleventh diode, and the twelfth diode
  • the negative electrode of the tube is coupled to the first terminal of the third capacitor; the thirteenth diode, the
  • the rectifier is a pulse width modulation rectifier.
  • the pulse width modulation rectifier includes: a three-phase AC power interface, including a first AC input terminal, a second AC input terminal, and a third AC input terminal; a fifth capacitor; a third inductor;
  • the first terminal of the three inductors is coupled to the first AC input terminal;
  • the drain of the first power switch tube is coupled to the first terminal of the fifth capacitor, and the source of the first power switch is connected to the third terminal of the third inductor.
  • the two terminals are coupled; the drain of the second power switch is coupled to the second terminal of the third inductor, and the source is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth capacitor;
  • the fourth inductor is the first inductor.
  • the first end of the four inductors is coupled to the second AC input terminal; the drain of the third power switch is coupled to the first terminal of the fifth capacitor, and the source of the third power switch is connected to the first terminal of the fourth inductor.
  • the two terminals are coupled; the drain of the fourth power switch is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth inductor, and the source is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth capacitor; the fifth inductor, the first A first end of the five inductors is coupled to the third AC input end; a drain of the fifth power switch tube is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor.
  • Its source is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth inductor; its sixth power switch has its drain coupled to the second terminal of the fifth inductor, and its source is connected to the fifth capacitor; The second terminal is coupled.
  • a charging post including a charger according to the present application.
  • an electric vehicle including the charger according to the present application.
  • a storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions that, when executed by a charger, cause the charger to perform a charging method according to the application .
  • the bypass switch of the DC converter in parallel is controlled by the controller, which can control the DC converter to stop working when the rectifier is used to directly charge the battery, so that the charger can be prevented from DC conversion Power loss on the charger, thereby improving the efficiency of the charger.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows a structural block diagram of a charger according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 5A illustrates a schematic diagram of a DC converter according to some embodiments of the present application
  • 5B shows a schematic diagram of a rectifier and a DC converter according to some embodiments of the present application
  • 5C shows a schematic diagram of a rectifier according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows a composition structure diagram of a controller.
  • electric vehicles require battery charging.
  • the electric vehicle may be, for example, an electric vehicle, an electric ship, an electric aircraft, etc., which is not limited in the present application.
  • the charging scheme of the charger proposed in this application can be applied to various charging scenarios of electric vehicles, thereby improving the efficiency of charging equipment.
  • 1A and 1B each exemplarily illustrate a charging scenario of an electric vehicle.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • an electric vehicle 300 or a hybrid vehicle 300 may include a battery 310, a Battery Management System (BMS) 320 for monitoring and managing the battery 310, and a charging interface. 330.
  • the charging interface 330 may be coupled to the battery 310 through a charging cable 340.
  • the charging interface 330 may also be coupled to the battery management system 320 through a communication line 350.
  • the charging post 100 can charge the battery 310 in the vehicle 300.
  • the charging post 100 may include a charger 200 and a charging cable 110.
  • the charging cable 110 may be connected to a charging interface 330.
  • the charging post 100 can use the charger 200 to convert AC power to DC power to charge the battery 310 through the charging cable 110.
  • the charger 200 may convert three-phase AC power into DC power.
  • the charger 200 can convert single-phase AC power to DC power.
  • the charging cable 110 may include a communication line (not shown in FIG. 1A) in addition to a charging line (not shown in FIG. 1A) coupled to the battery 310.
  • the charger 200 may communicate with the battery management system 320 in the vehicle 300 through a communication line of the charging cable 110 to obtain monitoring information of the battery 310.
  • the monitoring information may include, for example, the voltage of the battery 310 and the like.
  • the charger 200 can adjust the charging mode according to the voltage of the battery 310.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the charger 200 is provided in an electric vehicle 300.
  • the electric vehicle 300 may include a battery 310, a battery management system 320, a charging interface 360, and a charger 200.
  • the charger 200 is connected to a charging interface 360 through a charging cable 370.
  • the charger 200 is coupled to the battery 310 through a charging wire 250.
  • the communication line 260 of the charger 200 can be coupled with the battery management system 320.
  • the charger 200 may be connected to the AC power source 500 through a cable 400 connected to the charging interface 360. In this way, the charger 200 can convert AC power to DC power and charge the battery 310.
  • FIG. 2 shows a structural block diagram of a charger 200 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the charger 200 may be provided in the charging pile 100 or the electric vehicle 300, for example.
  • the charger 200 may also be installed in a device that needs to be charged, such as an electric ship or an electric aircraft, which is not limited in this application.
  • the charger 200 may include a rectifier 210, a DC converter 220, a bypass switch 230, and at least one controller 240.
  • An input terminal of the rectifier 210 is coupled to an AC power source.
  • the input of the rectifier 210 may be coupled to a three-phase alternating current.
  • An output terminal of the rectifier 210 may output a direct current signal.
  • the rectifier 210 may have a Power Factor Correction (PFC) function.
  • the rectifier 210 may be, for example, a Vienna-type finisher, a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) type rectifier, or the like.
  • the controller 240 can adjust the power factor of the rectifier 210, and can also control the output voltage of the rectifier 210.
  • An input terminal of the DC converter 220 is coupled to an output terminal of the rectifier 210.
  • the DC converter 220 may control the output voltage and current to the battery 310.
  • the DC converter 220 may be a resonant DC converter, such as an LLC DC converter.
  • the bypass switch 230 is connected in parallel with the DC converter 220.
  • the output terminal of the rectifier 210 may include a first output terminal a1 and a second output terminal a2.
  • the voltage at the first output terminal a1 is higher than the voltage at the second output terminal a2.
  • the first output terminal a1 may also be referred to as a positive bus connection terminal, and the second output terminal a2 may also be referred to as a negative bus connection terminal.
  • the DC converter 220 may include a first input terminal b1 and a second input terminal b2.
  • the first input terminal b1 of the DC converter 220 is coupled to the first output terminal a1 of the rectifier 210.
  • the second input terminal b2 of the DC converter 220 is coupled to the second output terminal a2 of the rectifier 210.
  • the DC converter 220 may include a first output terminal e1 and a second output terminal e2.
  • the potential of the first output terminal e1 is higher than that of the second output terminal e2.
  • the rectifier 210 has a certain voltage output range.
  • the rectifier 210 has a lower voltage limit.
  • the lower voltage limit may be, for example, 540 volts.
  • the DC converter 220 can charge the battery 310 in a constant current (CC) mode.
  • the reference threshold is 450 volts, for example. In this way, the DC converter 220 charges the battery 310 in the constant current mode, and can charge the battery 310 with a large current, thereby improving the charging efficiency.
  • the DC converter 220 When the voltage of the battery 310 reaches a certain condition (for example, the battery voltage reaches a reference threshold of the battery), if the battery 310 is continuously charged in the constant current mode, the internal structure of the battery 310 is likely to be damaged and overcharge may be caused. Therefore, when the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the reference threshold, the DC converter 220 is suitable for charging the battery 310 in a Constant Voltage (CV) mode. In this way, the DC converter 220 charges the battery 310 in the constant voltage mode, which can prevent the battery 310 from being damaged by excessive current and prevent the battery 310 from being overcharged, thereby protecting the safety of the battery 310.
  • a certain condition for example, the battery voltage reaches a reference threshold of the battery
  • the DC converter 220 may gradually increase the output voltage in stages in the constant voltage mode. In other words, the DC converter 220 can increase the output voltage stepwise.
  • the output voltage of the DC converter 220 when the voltage of the battery 310 is lower than the voltage lower limit of the rectifier 210, the output voltage of the DC converter 220 also needs to be lower than the voltage lower limit of the rectifier 210.
  • the voltage lower limit value of the rectifier 210 is a lower limit value of a voltage range that can be output by the rectifier.
  • the rectifier 210 when the voltage of the battery 310 is lower than the voltage lower limit of the rectifier 210, the rectifier 210 is not suitable for directly charging the battery 310 to prevent the charging current of the battery 310 from being excessive.
  • the rectifier 210 can directly charge the battery 310 without causing the charging current of the battery to be excessive.
  • the charger 200 may replace the constant voltage mode of the DC converter 220 by directly charging the rectifier 210. Based on this, the charger 200 can disconnect the input voltage signal to the DC converter 220, so that the DC converter 220 stops working.
  • the charger 200 can avoid power loss on the DC converter 220, thereby improving the efficiency of the charger 200.
  • the efficiency of the charger 200 refers to a ratio of the output power and the input power of the charger 200.
  • the bypass switch 230 shown in FIG. 2 is exemplarily shown as a double-pole single-throw switch.
  • the bypass switch 230 may be implemented by a switching device such as a circuit breaker, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) or a power switch tube).
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
  • the potential of the second output terminal a2 of the rectifier 210 and the second output terminal e2 of the DC converter 220 generally remain the same.
  • the bypass switch 230 can omit the switching device between the second output terminal a2 of the second rectifier 210 and the second output terminal e2 of the DC converter 220, and only needs to connect the first output terminal a1 of the rectifier 210 and the DC A switching device is connected between the first output terminals e1 of the converter 220.
  • the controller 240 is configured to control a switching state of the bypass switch 230.
  • the controller 240 may drive the bypass switch 230 through a corresponding switch driving module (not shown in FIG. 2).
  • the controller 240 may control the switching state of the bypass switch 230 through an IGBT driving module.
  • the controller 240 may control the DC converter 220 to stop working.
  • the controller 240 may control a switching device in the controller 240 through a switch driving module, so as to stop inputting a voltage signal to the DC converter 220, thereby stopping the DC converter 220 from working.
  • the controller 240 may include, for example, a Microcontroller Unit (MCU).
  • MCU Microcontroller Unit
  • the controller 240 may include an ARM processor (Advanced RISC Machines), a programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC), or a field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA).
  • ARM processor Advanced RISC Machines
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the charger 200 controls the bypass switch connected in parallel with the DC converter 220 through the controller 240, and can control the DC converter 220 to stop working when the battery 310 is directly charged by the rectifier 210, thereby avoiding the charger 200
  • the power loss in the DC converter 220 further improves the efficiency of the charger 200.
  • the controller 240 may control the working mode of the bypass switch 230 according to the voltage state of the battery.
  • the controller 240 may perform steps S301-S303.
  • step S301 the voltage of the battery 310 coupled to the output terminal of the DC converter 220 is obtained.
  • the controller 240 may obtain the voltage of the battery 310 from the battery management system 320.
  • the controller 240 may communicate with the battery management system 320 through a communication method such as a serial peripheral interface (abbreviated as SPI) bus, a controller area network (CAN) bus, and the like to obtain The voltage of the battery 310.
  • the controller 240 may obtain a voltage from a voltage sensor monitoring the battery 310.
  • step S302 it is determined whether the voltage of the battery 310 reaches a first threshold.
  • the first threshold value is, for example, a lower voltage limit value of the rectifier 210, and is, for example, 540 volts, but is not limited thereto.
  • step S302 When it is determined in step S302 that the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the first threshold, the controller 240 may execute step S303 to control the bypass switch 230 to be closed so that the output terminal of the rectifier 210 is coupled to the output terminal of the DC converter 220.
  • the controller 240 may be able to directly charge the battery 310 using the rectifier 210 when the voltage of the battery 310 meets a certain condition (that is, the voltage reaches the first threshold), and automatically control the DC converter 220 to stop. Work, thereby avoiding the power loss of the charger 200 on the DC converter 220, thereby improving the efficiency of the charger.
  • controller 240 may perform steps S401-S406.
  • step S401 the voltage of the battery 310 coupled to the output terminal of the DC converter 220 is obtained.
  • step S401 the voltage of the battery 310 coupled to the output terminal of the DC converter 220 is obtained.
  • step S402 it is determined whether the voltage of the battery 310 reaches a second threshold.
  • the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold described above.
  • the second threshold is the above-mentioned reference threshold of the battery 310, and may be, for example, 450 volts.
  • step S403 when the controller 240 determines that the voltage of the battery 310 is less than the second threshold, the controller 240 controls the bypass switch 230 to be turned off. Based on this, the controller 240 can control the working modes of the rectifier 210 and the DC converter 220 so that the DC converter 220 is in a constant current mode. In other words, when the voltage does not reach the second threshold, the controller 240 may control the charger 200 to charge the battery 310 in a constant current mode. In this way, the controller 240 can control the DC converter 220 to charge in the constant current mode, so that the battery 310 can be charged with a large current, thereby improving the charging efficiency.
  • step S402 When it is determined in step S402 that the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the second threshold, the controller 240 may perform step S404 to determine whether the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the first threshold.
  • step S404 When it is determined in step S404 that the voltage reaches the first threshold, the controller 240 may execute step S405, control the bypass switch 230 to be closed, and control the DC converter to stop working. In this way, through step S405, the controller 240 can directly charge the battery 310 by using the rectifier 210, thereby avoiding the power loss of the charger 200 on the DC converter 220, thereby improving the efficiency of the charger 200.
  • the controller 240 may execute step S406 to control the bypass switch 230 to be turned off and control the DC converter 220 to be in a constant voltage mode.
  • the controller 240 may control the charger 200 to charge the battery 310 in a constant voltage mode.
  • the controller 240 controls the DC converter 220 to charge the battery 310 at a constant voltage, which can prevent the charging current of the battery 310 from being excessive and prevent the battery 310 from being overcharged, thereby protecting the safety of the battery 310.
  • the controller 240 can switch the charging mode of the charger 200 according to the battery voltage, so that the charger 200 can not reach a certain condition when the voltage of the battery 310 does not reach a certain condition (such as the voltage of the rectifier 210) (Lower limit value) when the battery 310 is charged by the DC converter 220 (for example, the DC converter 220 can charge the battery 310 in a constant current mode and a constant voltage mode).
  • the controller 240 can also use the rectifier 210 to directly charge the battery 310 and turn off the DC converter 220 when the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the lower limit of the voltage of the rectifier 210, thereby avoiding the power loss of the charger 200 on the DC converter 220. , Thereby improving the efficiency of the charger.
  • the DC converter 220 may be implemented as a resonant DC converter.
  • the rectifier 210 may be implemented as a Vienna-type rectifier.
  • the DC converter 220 may include an AC square wave output unit 221, a resonance unit 222, a transformer 223, and a rectification unit 224.
  • the input terminal of the AC square wave output unit is coupled to the output terminal of the rectifier 210.
  • An input terminal of the resonance unit 222 is coupled to an output terminal of the AC square wave output unit 221.
  • the resonance unit 222 can filter the harmonic voltage in the AC square wave.
  • An input terminal of the transformer 223 is coupled to an output terminal of the resonance unit 222.
  • An input terminal of the rectifying unit 224 is coupled to an output terminal of the transformer 223.
  • An output terminal of the rectifying unit 224 is an output terminal of the DC converter 220.
  • the rectifying unit 224 may output an electric signal in a constant voltage mode or an electric signal in a constant current mode.
  • FIG. 5B shows a schematic diagram of a charger 200 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the output terminal of the rectifier 210 includes a first output terminal a1 and a second output terminal a2.
  • the voltage at the first output terminal a1 is higher than the voltage at the second output terminal a2.
  • the AC square wave output unit 221 includes a first FET Q1 and a second FET Q2 connected in series between a first output terminal a1 and a second output terminal a2 of the rectifier 210.
  • the resonance unit 222 includes a first capacitor C1, a first inductor L1, and a second inductor L2 connected in series between a drain and a source of the second field effect transistor Q2.
  • the transformer 223 includes a primary coil Z1 and a secondary coil Z2.
  • the primary coil Z1 is connected in parallel with the second inductor L2.
  • the rectifying unit 224 includes a second capacitor C2, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, and a fourth diode D4.
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is coupled to the first terminal of the secondary coil Z2.
  • the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is coupled to the first terminal of the second capacitor C2.
  • An anode of the second diode D2 is coupled to a second terminal of the secondary coil Z2.
  • the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is coupled to the first terminal of the second capacitor C2.
  • the negative electrode of the third diode D3 is coupled to the first terminal of the secondary coil Z2.
  • An anode of the third diode D3 is coupled to a second terminal of the second capacitor C2.
  • the negative electrode of the fourth diode D4 is coupled to the second terminal of the secondary coil Z2.
  • An anode of the fourth diode D4 is coupled to a second terminal of the second capacitor C2.
  • the bypass switch 230 may be implemented as a third field effect transistor Q3, which is coupled between the first output terminal a1 of the rectifier 210 and the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2).
  • the controller 240 can control the working states of the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2, so as to control the working state of the DC converter 220 in a soft switching manner.
  • the controller 240 can control the charger 200 to switch to using the rectifier 210 to directly charge the battery 310 by controlling the third power switch Q3.
  • the rectifier 210 in FIG. 5B is a Vienna-type rectifier.
  • the Vienna-type rectifier includes a three-phase AC power input terminal.
  • the three-phase AC power input terminal includes a first AC input terminal AC1, a second AC input terminal AC2, and a third AC input terminal AC3.
  • the rectifier 210 may include a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a fifth inductor L5, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a seventh diode D7, Eighth diode D8, ninth diode D9, tenth diode D10, eleventh diode D11, twelfth diode D12, thirteenth diode D13, fourteenth diode Tube D14, 15th diode D15, 16th diode D16, 17th diode D17, 18th diode D18, 19th diode D19, 20th diode D20 , The twenty-first diode D21, the twenty-second diode D22, the first insulated gate bipolar transistor VT1, the second insulated gate bipolar transistor VT2, and the third insulated gate bipolar transistor VT3.
  • the first terminal of the third inductor L3 is coupled to the first AC input terminal AC1.
  • the anode of the fifth diode D5 is coupled to the second terminal of the third inductor L3.
  • An anode of the sixth diode D6 is coupled to a cathode of the fifth diode D5.
  • the negative electrode of the sixth diode D6 is coupled to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • a first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is coupled to a second terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the negative electrode of the seventh diode D7 is coupled to the second terminal of the third inductor L3.
  • the anode of the eighth diode D8 is coupled to the anode of the seventh diode D7.
  • An anode of the eighth diode D8 is coupled to a second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4.
  • the first insulated gate bipolar transistor (VT1) has a collector coupled to the negative electrode of the fifth diode D5, and an emitter coupled to the positive electrode of the seventh diode D7.
  • the anode of the ninth diode D9 is coupled to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the negative electrode of the ninth diode D9 is coupled to the collector of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor VT1.
  • the negative electrode of the tenth diode D10 is coupled to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the anode of the tenth diode D10 is coupled to the emitter of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor VT1.
  • the first terminal of the fourth inductor L4 is coupled to the second AC input terminal AC2.
  • the anode of the eleventh diode D11 is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth inductor L4.
  • the anode of the twelfth diode D12 is coupled to the anode of the eleventh diode D11.
  • the negative electrode of the twelfth diode D12 is coupled to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the negative terminal of the thirteenth diode D13 is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth inductor L4.
  • the negative electrode of the fourteenth diode D14 is coupled to the positive electrode of the thirteenth diode D13.
  • the anode of the fourteenth diode D14 is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4.
  • the second insulated gate bipolar transistor VT2 has a collector coupled to the negative electrode of the eleventh diode D11 and an emitter coupled to the positive electrode of the thirteenth diode D13.
  • the anode of the fifteenth diode D15 is coupled to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the negative electrode of the fifteenth diode D15 is coupled to the collector of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor VT2.
  • the negative terminal of the sixteenth diode D16 is coupled to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the anode of the sixteenth diode D16 is coupled to the emitter of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor VT2.
  • the first terminal of the fifth inductor L5 is coupled to the third AC input terminal AC3.
  • the anode of the seventeenth diode D17 is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth inductor L5.
  • the anode of the eighteenth diode D18 is coupled to the anode of the seventeenth diode D17, and the anode of the eighteenth diode D18 is coupled to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the negative terminal of the nineteenth diode D19 is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth inductor L5.
  • the negative electrode of the twentieth diode D20 is coupled to the positive electrode of the nineteenth diode D19.
  • the anode of the twentieth diode D20 is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4.
  • the third insulated gate bipolar transistor VT3 has a collector coupled to the negative pole of the seventeenth diode D17, and an emitter coupled to the positive pole of the nineteenth diode D19.
  • the anode of the twenty-first diode D21 is coupled to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the negative electrode of the twenty-first diode D21 is coupled to the collector of the third insulated gate bipolar transistor VT3.
  • the negative electrode of the twenty-second diode D22 is coupled to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3.
  • the anode of the twenty-second diode D22 is coupled to the emitter of the third insulated gate bipolar transistor VT3. It is further explained that the controller 240 can adjust the power factor of the rectifier 210 by controlling the insulated gate bipolar transistors VT1-VT3.
  • FIG. 5C shows a schematic diagram of a rectifier 210 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the rectifier 210 in FIG. 5C is a pulse width modulation rectifier.
  • the rectifier 210 may include a three-phase AC power interface.
  • the three-phase AC power interface includes a first AC input terminal AC1, a second AC input terminal AC2, and a third AC input terminal AC3.
  • the rectifier 210 may further include a fifth capacitor C5, a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a fifth inductor L5, a first power switch T1, a second power switch T2, a third power switch T3, and a fourth The power switch T4, the fifth power switch T5, and the sixth power switch T6.
  • the first terminal of the third inductor L3 is coupled to the first AC input terminal AC1.
  • the drain of the first power switch T1 is coupled to the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5, and the source of the first power switch T1 is coupled to the second terminal of the third inductor L3.
  • the drain of the second power switch T2 is coupled to the second terminal of the third inductor L3, and its source is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5.
  • a first terminal of the four inductors L4 is coupled to a second AC input terminal AC2.
  • the drain of the third power switch T3 is coupled to the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5, and the source is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth inductor L4.
  • the drain of the fourth power switch T4 is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth inductor L4, and the source of the fourth power switch T4 is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5.
  • the first terminal of the fifth inductor L4 is coupled to the third AC input terminal AC3.
  • the drain of the fifth power switch T5 is coupled to the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5, and the source thereof is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth inductor L5.
  • the drain of the sixth power switch T6 is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth inductor L5, and the source of the sixth power switch T6 is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5.
  • the controller 240 can adjust the power factor of the rectifier 210 by controlling the power switches T1-T6.
  • the rectifier 210 of the present application is not limited to the embodiments in FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C, and may also be other suitable rectification methods, which are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a charging method of a charger according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the charger is, for example, the charger 200.
  • the charging method 600 may be performed by the controller 240 of the charger 200, for example.
  • step S601 the voltage of the battery coupled to the output terminal of the DC converter is obtained.
  • step S601 obtains a voltage from the battery management system 320 that monitors the battery 310.
  • step S602 it is determined whether the voltage of the battery 310 reaches a second threshold.
  • the second threshold is a reference threshold of the battery 310.
  • the method 600 may execute step S603, control the bypass switch to be turned off, and control the DC converter to be in a constant current mode. In this way, through step S603, the method 600 can control the DC converter 220 to be charged in the constant current mode, and can charge the battery 310 with a larger current, thereby improving the charging efficiency.
  • the method 600 may perform step S604 to determine whether the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the first threshold.
  • the first threshold value is a voltage lower limit value of the rectifier 210.
  • the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.
  • step S604 when it is determined that the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the first threshold, the method 600 may execute step S605, control the bypass switch 230 to be closed to couple the output of the rectifier 210 with the battery 310, and control the DC converter 220 to stop. jobs.
  • the method 600 may execute step S606, control the bypass switch 230 to be turned off, and control the DC converter 220 to be in a constant voltage mode.
  • the method 600 can use the constant voltage mode of the DC converter 220 to charge the battery 310 when the voltage reaches the second threshold, and use the rectifier 210 directly when the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the first threshold.
  • the way to charge the battery 310 replaces the constant voltage mode of the DC converter 220, thereby avoiding the power loss of the charger 200 on the DC converter 220, thereby improving the efficiency of the charger 200.
  • the method 600 can use the DC converter 220 to charge the battery 310 when the voltage of the battery 310 does not reach a certain condition (for example, the voltage lower limit of the rectifier 210 is not reached) (for example, the DC converter 220 can be in a constant current mode). And constant voltage mode to charge the battery 310).
  • the method 600 can also use the rectifier 210 to directly charge the battery 310 and turn off the DC converter 220 when the voltage of the battery 310 reaches the lower limit of the voltage of the rectifier 210, thereby avoiding the power loss of the charger 200 on the DC converter 220, and further Improve the efficiency of the charger 200.
  • FIG. 7 shows a structural diagram of a controller 240 of a charger 200.
  • the controller 240 includes one or more processors (such as a CPU) 702, a communication module 704, a memory 706, an interaction interface 710, and a communication bus 708 for interconnecting these components.
  • the processor 702 may receive and send data through the communication module 704 to implement network communication and / or local communication.
  • the interaction interface 710 includes one or more output devices 712, which may include one or more visual displays.
  • the interaction interface 710 also includes one or more input devices 714 including, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a voice command input unit or microphone, a touch screen display, a touch-sensitive tablet, a gesture capture camera or other input buttons or controls, and the like.
  • the memory 706 may be a high-speed random access memory such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid-state storage devices; or a non-volatile memory such as one or more disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, Or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.
  • a high-speed random access memory such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid-state storage devices
  • non-volatile memory such as one or more disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, Or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.
  • the memory 706 stores an instruction set executable by the processor 702, including:
  • Operating system 716 including programs for processing various basic system services and for performing hardware-related tasks
  • the application 718 includes various programs for implementing the above-mentioned charging method.
  • each example of the present application can be implemented by a data processing program executed by a data processing device such as a computer.
  • the data processing program constitutes the present application.
  • a data processing program usually stored in a storage medium is executed by directly reading the program out of the storage medium or by installing or copying the program to a storage device (such as a hard disk and or a memory) of the data processing device. Therefore, such a storage medium also constitutes the present application.
  • Storage media can use any type of recording method, such as paper storage media (such as paper tape, etc.), magnetic storage media (such as floppy disks, hard disks, flash memories, etc.), optical storage media (such as CD-ROM, etc.), magneto-optical storage media ( (Such as MO, etc.) and so on.
  • paper storage media such as paper tape, etc.
  • magnetic storage media such as floppy disks, hard disks, flash memories, etc.
  • optical storage media such as CD-ROM, etc.
  • magneto-optical storage media (Such as MO, etc.) and so on.
  • the present application also discloses a non-volatile storage medium in which a data processing program is stored, and the data processing program is used to execute any one of the above-mentioned charging methods of the application.
  • the method steps described in this application can be implemented by data processing programs, but also by hardware, for example, logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers, and embedded micro-controls Device and so on. Therefore, such hardware that can implement the method described in this application can also constitute this application.
  • ASICs application-specific integrated circuits
  • programmable logic controllers programmable logic controllers
  • embedded micro-controls Device and so on. Therefore, such hardware that can implement the method described in this application can also constitute this application.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de charge, un chargeur, une pile de charge, un véhicule électrique et un support d'informations. Le chargeur comprend : un redresseur ; un convertisseur de courant continu, dont une extrémité d'entrée est couplée à une extrémité de sortie du redresseur ; et un commutateur de dérivation, lequel est connecté au convertisseur de courant continu en parallèle. Le procédé de charge consiste : à acquérir la tension d'une batterie couplée à une extrémité de sortie du convertisseur de courant continu ; à déterminer si la tension de la batterie atteint une première valeur de seuil ; et lorsqu'il est déterminé que la tension de la batterie atteint la première valeur de seuil, à commander la fermeture du commutateur de dérivation, de sorte que l'extrémité de sortie du redresseur soit couplée à la batterie, et à commander au convertisseur de courant continu d'arrêter de fonctionner. Ici, selon le procédé de charge, un chargeur peut être commuté, au moyen d'un commutateur de dérivation, pour utiliser directement la tension de sortie d'un redresseur pour charger une batterie, de sorte que la consommation de puissance du chargeur sur un convertisseur de courant continu peut être évitée, améliorant ainsi l'efficacité du chargeur.
PCT/CN2018/105744 2018-09-14 2018-09-14 Procédé de charge, chargeur, pile de charge, véhicule électrique et support d'informations WO2020051883A1 (fr)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1701482A (zh) * 2003-08-05 2005-11-23 松下电器产业株式会社 直流电源和配备电源的电池供电电子装置
CN205753505U (zh) * 2016-05-11 2016-11-30 谢方清 一种谐振软开关充电装置
CN106558922A (zh) * 2015-09-17 2017-04-05 联发科技股份有限公司 无线电源接收器、移动电子设备和使能电源路径的方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1701482A (zh) * 2003-08-05 2005-11-23 松下电器产业株式会社 直流电源和配备电源的电池供电电子装置
CN106558922A (zh) * 2015-09-17 2017-04-05 联发科技股份有限公司 无线电源接收器、移动电子设备和使能电源路径的方法
CN205753505U (zh) * 2016-05-11 2016-11-30 谢方清 一种谐振软开关充电装置

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