WO2020050293A1

WO2020050293A1 - Actuator

Info

Publication number: WO2020050293A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/034702
Authority: WO
Inventors: 準河原
Original assignee: リンテック株式会社
Priority date: 2018-09-07
Filing date: 2019-09-04
Publication date: 2020-03-12
Also published as: JPWO2020050293A1; TW202020241A; JP7292287B2; TWI821387B

Abstract

An actuator which is provided with: a fibrous polymer material that is deformed by the application of heat; and hydrotalcite particles that are in a dispersed state.

Description

Actuator

The present invention relates to an actuator.
Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-167911, filed Sep. 7, 2018, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

With the advent of an aging society in advanced countries, the development of robotics, the shift to intellectual activities of mankind, and the like, motorization of various articles is required, and various actuators have been proposed.
For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a polymer actuator that includes a polymer fiber into which a twist is inserted in a coiled or non-coiled shape, and provides a twisting operation (that is, a rotational drive) by heating.

Actuators that include non-coil twisted polymer fibers select single-filament or multi-filament, high-strength, highly-chain-oriented precursor polymer fibers, up to a level that does not produce coiling. It is formed by inserting a twist into a body polymer fiber.

The actuator including the coiled twisted polymer fiber may be twisted into the precursor polymer fiber until coiling occurs or twisted into the precursor polymer fiber to a level that does not produce coiling. And then coiled in the same or opposite direction to the originally inserted strand.

JP 2016-42783 A

In such a heat-responsive actuator that can take out work to the outside world by causing deformation by heating, the deformation from “shape A” to “shape B” due to heating (for example, heating from room temperature to 80 ° C.) The two state change speeds of the deformation due to cooling ("shape B" to "shape A") determine the response speed of the actuator. Heating means applied to the polymer fiber, for example, heating by applying a voltage to a linear conductor wound around the fiber, and a heating / cooling process by natural cooling (air cooling) perform cooling compared to heating. There is a problem that is much slower.

一つ One of the factors is the low thermal conductivity (approximately 0.15 to 0.3 W / mK) of the polymer material constituting the polymer fiber. The driving stability of the actuator may be reduced depending on the temperature environment in which the actuator is driven.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an actuator that can increase a cooling speed of a fibrous polymer material constituting an actuator and can improve a response speed. I do.

In order to achieve the above object, as a result of investigations by the present inventors, an actuator including a fibrous polymer material that is deformed by heating is further provided with hydrotalcite particles in a dispersed state. It has been found that the cooling speed of the polymer material can be increased, and the response speed can be improved.

That is, the present invention includes the following aspects.
[1] An actuator including a fibrous polymer material deformed by heating and hydrotalcite particles in a dispersed state.
[2] The actuator according to [1], wherein the fibrous polymer material is covered with a resin film, and the hydrotalcite particles are dispersed in the resin film.

[3] Between the thermal conductivity X (W · m ⁻¹ · K ⁻¹ ) of the fibrous polymer material and the thermal conductivity Y (W · m ⁻¹ · K ⁻¹ ) of the resin film The actuator according to [2], wherein a relationship represented by the following (Equation 1) is satisfied.
Y ≧ X + 0.2 (Equation 1)
[4] The actuator according to [2] or [3], further including a conductor.
[5] The actuator according to [4], wherein the conductor is formed of a conductive linear material.

[6] The actuator according to [5], wherein the linear material is spirally wound around the fibrous polymer material.
[7] The actuator according to [5] or [6], wherein the linear material is embedded in the resin film.
[8] The actuator according to any one of [4] to [7], wherein the conductor is bonded or fixed to the fibrous polymer material by the resin film.
[9] The actuator according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the fibrous polymer material is twisted.

アクチュエータ The actuator of the present invention can accelerate the cooling of the heated fibrous polymer material, and can improve the response speed.

It is a schematic diagram showing an actuator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows the actuator which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram showing the actuator concerning a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram showing an actuator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 9 is a graph showing the results of response speed evaluation of the actuator of the present invention and a comparative example.

The actuator of the present invention includes, as one aspect, a fibrous polymer material that is deformed by heating, and hydrotalcite particles,
The hydrotalcite particles are dispersed in a fibrous polymer material, or the hydrotalcite particles are dispersed in a resin film provided on a surface of the fibrous polymer material.
“Dispersed in the fibrous polymer material” means dispersed in the surface and inside of the fibrous polymer material.
“Dispersed in the resin film” means dispersed on the surface and inside of the resin film.
In this specification, the term "dispersion" means a state that exists in the whole without significant bias.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an actuator 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The actuator 1 includes a fibrous polymer material 10 that is deformed by heating, and hydrotalcite particles 11 dispersed in the fibrous polymer material 10, and the hydrotalcite particles are dispersed in the fibrous polymer material. Included in.
The actuator 1 can provide a torsional operation (ie, rotational drive) by external heating, and can provide a reverse rotational drive by returning the torsion by natural cooling (air cooling). Since the actuator 1 includes the hydrotalcite particles 11 in a dispersed state, the cooling of the fibrous polymer material 10 can be accelerated, and the response speed of the actuator 1 can be improved.

アクチュエータ In the actuator of the present invention, the hydrotalcite particles 11 are composed of hydrotalcite having heat dissipation. Materials having high thermal conductivity and heat radiation include metals and ceramics in general, and those having a thermal conductivity of 1 to 1000 W / mK. Most of these materials are complicated to be combined with an organic material. There is a possibility that the actuator function may be hindered if a composite is formed due to a high elastic modulus. In addition, these materials generally do not transmit visible light, and if these materials are used, the state of the inside or surface of the fibrous polymer material 10 or the linear shape provided on the It may be difficult to visually recognize the state of the heating means such as the conductor 12. In the actuator of the present invention, since the hydrotalcite particles 11 are composed of hydrotalcite having heat dissipation properties, it is possible to form a composite with a fibrous polymer material without impairing the actuator function. Further, the hydrotalcite particles 11 are transparent in a dispersed state, and have an advantage that they do not hinder visual observation of the inside of the fibrous conductor 12 at the time of production or inspection, for example.

The average particle diameter of the hydrotalcite particles 11 may be 0.05 to 100 μm, 0.1 to 30 μm, 0.5 to 10 μm, or 1.0 to 5 μm. 0.0 μm.
The average particle diameter can be measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer.
The hydrotalcite particles 11 are preferably compounds having a structure represented by the following general formula.
[M ²⁺ _1-x M ³⁺ _x (OH) ₂ ] ^{x +} [A ⁿ⁻ _{x / n} · mH ₂ O] ^x−
^Wherein M ²⁺ is a divalent metal, M ³⁺ is a trivalent metal, A ⁿ⁻ is an n-valent anion, x is in the range of 0 <x <0.33, and m is 0 to Fifteen. ]
In the above general formula, examples of the divalent metal M ²⁺ include Mg ²⁺ , Zn ²⁺ , and Ni ²⁺ . Here, the divalent metal M ²⁺ may be a mixture of two or more of the above metals. Examples of the trivalent metal M ³⁺ include Al ³⁺ , Fe ³⁺ , and Cr ³⁺ . Examples of the n-valent anion A ^n- include I ⁻ , Cl ⁻ , NO ³ ⁻ , HCO ₃ ⁻ , CO ₃ ²⁻ , salicylate ion, oxalate ion, and citrate ion.
As the hydrotalcite particles 11, Mg—Al—CO ₃ based hydrotalcite particles in which M ²⁺ is Mg ²⁺ , M ³⁺ is Al ³⁺ , and A ⁿ⁻ is CO ₃ ^2- are available. And it has good heat dissipation and is more preferably used.

The actuator 1 can be manufactured by dispersing the hydrotalcite particles 11 in a material constituting the fibrous polymer material 10 and then forming the dispersion into a strand shape.
The content of the hydrotalcite particles 11 is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass based on the total mass of the fibrous polymer material 10.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an actuator 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings after FIG. 2, the same components as those shown in the already described drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the already described drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The actuator 2 has a fibrous polymer material 10 that is deformed by heating covered with a resin film 13, and hydrotalcite particles 11 are dispersed in the resin film 13. The actuator 2 can provide a torsional operation (ie, rotational drive) by external heating, and can provide a reverse rotational drive by returning the torsion by natural cooling (air cooling).
Here, “coating” means that a part or all of the surface of the fibrous polymer material 10 is covered with the resin film 13.
The resin film 13 including the dispersed hydrotalcite particles 11 is provided between the fibrous polymer material 10 and the air layer in the outside world (that is, the resin film 13 is formed on the surface of the fibrous polymer material 10). ), The resin film 13 functions as a heat radiating layer, can accelerate the cooling of the heated fibrous polymer material 10, and can improve the response speed of the actuator 2.
As one aspect, the actuator 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
A fibrous polymer material 10 deformed by heating, a resin film 13, and hydrotalcite particles 11 are provided.
The hydrotalcite particles 11 are contained in the resin film 13 in a dispersed state,
The resin film 13 is provided on the surface of the fibrous polymer material 10.

樹脂 In the actuator 2 according to the second embodiment, the resin film 13 covers the fibrous polymer material 10. If a heat-dissipating coating made of a fibrous polymer material is formed only from materials such as metals and ceramics that have high heat conductivity and dissipate heat, the function of the actuator may be impaired. There is also a concern that cracks may occur in the coating. On the other hand, since the actuator 2 has the fibrous polymer material 10 covered with the resin film 13 in which the hydrotalcite particles 11 are dispersed, the resin film 13 has cracks without impeding the actuator function. Can be avoided.

The thermal conductivity X (W · m ⁻¹ · K ⁻¹ ) of the fibrous polymer material 10 not containing the hydrotalcite particles 11 and the thermal conductivity Y (W · W) of the resin film 13 containing the hydrotalcite particles 11 · M ^-1 · K ^-1 ), the following relationship (Equation 1) is preferably satisfied.
Y ≧ X + 0.2 (Equation 1)

By satisfying the relationship of (Equation 1), the function as a heat dissipation layer of the resin film 13 is strengthened, and the cooling of the heated fibrous polymer material 10 can be further accelerated, and the response speed of the actuator 2 is further improved. It is possible to do. It is more preferable that “Y ≧ X + 0.3... (Equation 1 ′)” between the thermal conductivity X and the thermal conductivity Y, and “Y ≧ X + 0.4. 1 ")" is more preferable.

The thermal conductivity Y (W · m ⁻¹ · K ⁻¹ ) of the resin film 13 is preferably 0.3 or more, and more preferably 0.4 or more. The upper limit of the thermal conductivity Y of the resin film 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 or less.
As one side surface, the thermal conductivity Y of the resin film 13 is preferably from 0.3 to 100, more preferably from 0.4 to 100.
In this specification, the thermal conductivity can be obtained by, for example, an AC steady-state method using a surface-type thermal diffusivity measuring apparatus ai-Phase Mobile manufactured by i-Phase.

The resin film 13 includes a base resin and the hydrotalcite particles 11.
The resin film 13 only needs to have the hydrotalcite particles 11 dispersed in a base resin, and examples of the base resin include an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a silicone resin, a urethane resin, and an acrylic / silicone resin. And acrylic / isocyanate-based resins, polyester / melamine-based resins, and the like.

The actuator 2 can be manufactured by applying a suspension containing the base resin and the hydrotalcite particles 11 to the surface of the fibrous polymer material 10 to form the resin film 13. If the base resin is a water-dispersible aqueous type, the suspension can be a water-dilutable type, and if the base resin is an organic solvent-dispersible lacquer type. The suspension can be of the thinner dilution type. The suspension may contain 10 to 500 parts by mass, 30 to 400 parts by mass, or 50 to 300 parts by mass of hydrotalcite particles based on 100 parts by mass of the base resin. Is also good.
As one side surface, the resin film 13 may contain 10 to 500 parts by mass of hydrotalcite particles, 30 to 400 parts by mass, or 50 to 300 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the base resin. It may be contained by mass.
The thickness of the coated resin film 13 is preferably 1 to 50 μm, more preferably 5 to 30 μm, and particularly preferably 10 to 20 μm.
In the present specification, the “thickness” can be measured by coating and drying the suspension, cutting the suspension including the fibrous polymer material in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and observing the suspension with an optical microscope.

Examples of the suspension containing the base resin and hydrotalcite particles include JP-A-2003-309383, JP-A-2004-43612, JP-A-2006-124597, JP-A-2011-20870, It can be prepared with reference to the heat dissipating coating compositions disclosed in JP-A-2014-237805, WO 2010/050139, WO 2011/111414, and the like, and commercially available heat dissipating paints ( For example, Unicool (registered trademark) manufactured by Godo Ink and Cooltech (registered trademark) manufactured by Okitsumo can be used.

アクチュエータ The actuator of the present invention may further include a conductor. The conductor is preferably formed from a conductive linear material.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of an actuator 3 according to a third embodiment of the present invention, the fibrous polymer material 10 with a diameter D _10, a predetermined clearance linear conductor 12 is spirally with a diameter D ₁₁ The example which is wound with an interval I is shown.

The actuator 3 has a fibrous polymer material 10 that is deformed by heating covered with a resin film 13, and hydrotalcite particles 11 are dispersed in the resin film 13. More specifically, the actuator 3 has a fibrous polymer material 10 that is deformed by heating, which is entirely or partially covered with a resin layer 13 containing dispersed hydrotalcite particles. The conductor 12 is spirally wound with a predetermined gap.
As one aspect, an actuator 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a fibrous polymer material 10 that is deformed by heating, a resin film 13, hydrotalcite particles 11, and a linear conductor 12,
The hydrotalcite particles 11 are contained in the resin film 13 in a dispersed state,
The resin film 13 is provided on the surface of the fibrous polymer material 10,
The linear conductor 12 is spirally wound on the resin film 13 (on the surface of the resin film 13 on the air layer side of the outside world) with a predetermined gap.

(4) The actuator 3 can provide a twisting operation (that is, rotational driving) by external heating, and can provide a reverse rotation driving by returning the torsion by natural cooling (air cooling). Since the resin film 13 containing the hydrotalcite particles 11 in a dispersed state is provided between the fibrous polymer material 10 and an external air layer, the resin film 13 functions as a heat radiation layer, and the heated fiber The cooling of the polymer material 10 can be accelerated, and the response speed of the actuator 3 can be improved.

において In the actuator 3, the linear conductor 12 is spirally wound outside the resin film 13. The actuator 3 can be manufactured by forming the resin film 13 on the surface of the fibrous polymer material 10 and then spirally winding the linear conductor 12 outside the resin film 13.

The resin film 13 including the dispersed hydrotalcite particles 11 functions as a heat radiation layer, but the resin film 13 may also serve as a fixing means for the linear conductor 12.
For example, the resin film 13 includes the base resin and the hydrotalcite particles 11, and is formed on the surface of the fibrous polymer material 10 by using a thermosetting or energy ray-curable resin as the base resin. After the coating composition containing the material component of the film 13 is applied to form an adhesive layer (that is, the resin film 13), the linear conductor 12 is wound on the adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer is dried. By curing, the linear conductor 12 can be bonded and fixed to the fibrous polymer material 10 by the resin film 13.
Examples of the thermosetting resin include an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, a vinyl ether resin, an acrylic resin, a methacryl resin, a styrene resin, and a phenol resin.
The energy ray-curable resin is not particularly limited, and a known resin can be used.

In the actuator 3, the linear conductor 12 wound in a spiral shape is heated by external heating, and the fibrous polymer material 10 is heated.
The spirally wound linear conductor 12 can also avoid a fear that a crack occurs in the linear conductor 12 without hindering the actuator function.
If, for example, metal plating is used instead of the linear conductor 12, there is a concern that the actuator function may be impaired, and that the coating may crack during repeated driving.

As one side surface, the fibrous polymer material 10 around which the linear conductor 12 is wound, outside the fibrous polymer material 10 and the linear conductor 12 (that is, the fibrous polymer material 10 and the linear conductor 12) The resin film 13 may be formed on the surface of the outer layer 12 on the air layer side, and the linear conductor 12 may be embedded in the resin film 13.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an actuator 4 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The actuator 4 has a fibrous polymer material 10 that is deformed by heating covered with a resin film 13, and hydrotalcite particles 11 are dispersed in the resin film 13. More specifically, the actuator 4 is configured such that a linear conductor 12 is spirally wound around a fibrous polymer material 10 that is deformed by heating with a predetermined gap provided between the fibrous polymer material 10 and the wire. A resin layer 13 containing hydrotalcite particles in a dispersed state is formed outside the conductor 12. In the actuator 4, the linear conductor 12 is embedded in the resin film 13. The actuator 4 can also provide a twisting operation (that is, rotational driving) by external heating, and can provide reverse rotation driving by returning the torsion by natural cooling (air cooling). Since the resin film 13 including the dispersed hydrotalcite particles 11 is provided between the fibrous polymer material 10 and the linear conductor 12 and the external air layer, the resin film 13 functions as a heat radiation layer. In addition, the cooling of the heated fibrous polymer material 10 can be accelerated, and the response speed of the actuator 3 can be improved.
As one aspect, the actuator 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
A fibrous polymer material that is deformed by heating, a resin film, hydrotalcite particles, and a linear conductor;
The hydrotalcite particles 11 are contained in the resin film 13 in a dispersed state,
A linear conductor 12 is spirally wound on the fibrous polymer material 10 (that is, around the fibrous polymer material 10) with a predetermined gap,
A resin layer 13 is formed on the fibrous polymer material 10 and the linear conductor 12 (that is, on the outer air layer side surface of the fibrous polymer material 10 and the linear conductor 12),
The linear conductor 12 is embedded in the resin film 13.

The actuator 4 directly spirally winds the linear conductor 12 on the surface of the fibrous polymer material 10, and then, on the whole or a part of the outside of the fibrous polymer material 10 and the linear conductor 12, It can be manufactured by forming the resin film 13. Since the linear conductor 12 is embedded in the resin film 13 containing the hydrotalcite particles 11 in a dispersed state, the linear conductor 12 is fixed to the fibrous polymer material 10 by the resin film 13. Accordingly, the linear conductor 12 is not displaced around the fibrous polymer material 10, and uniform driving in the length direction of the actuator 13 is maintained for a long time. The resin film 13 including the hydrotalcite particles 11 in a dispersed state is preferably in contact with the outside air because the cooling / radiation effect functions better, and no separate fixing means for the linear conductor 12 is provided. Is preferred. In this embodiment, even when the linear conductor 12 is embedded in the resin film 13, the resin film 13 including the hydrotalcite particles 11 in a dispersed state is transparent. The polymer material 10 and the linear conductor 12 can be visually recognized through the resin film 13.

において In the actuator of the present invention, the fibrous polymer material 10 that is deformed by heating is preferably twisted. The fibrous polymer material 10 for obtaining an actuator driven by heating is usually obtained by inserting a twist after producing a fiber. Further, in a general fiber spinning and twisting process, a twist may be added in a step of forming a fibrous shape, that is, a twist may be performed in a process of manufacturing a fibrous polymer material.

In the actuator of the present invention, the fibrous polymer material 10 is more preferably a monofilament fiber twisted until immediately before coiling occurs, that is, immediately before the occurrence of bumps, and until the coiling occurs, that is, bumps occur. It may be a coiled fiber that has been twisted to the maximum.
Alternatively, it may be a coiled fiber obtained by winding a twisted monofilament fiber around a mandrel or the like.At this time, the coiled fiber may be wound in the same direction as the direction of the twist initially applied. Alternatively, the coiled fiber may be wound in a direction opposite to the direction of the initially applied twist. The coiled fiber wound in the same direction as the initially applied twist can function as an actuator that contracts upon heating. Wound in a direction opposite to the direction of the initially applied twist, the coiled fiber can act as an actuator that expands upon heating. In this case, it is preferable to insert the core rod inside the coil so that the elongating action does not escape laterally.

When an untreated fibrous polymer material is produced in advance, and then the fibrous polymer material is twisted by a method of inserting a twist, for example, a monofilament of nylon 6,6 having a diameter of 500 μm is used as the fibrous polymer material 10. In an environment of 25 ° C., for example, when an appropriate tensile stress of 1 × 10 ⁻³ to 1 × 10 ⁻² times the Young's modulus of nylon 6,6 monofilament is applied and twisted so as not to cause coiling, A non-coiled twisted monofilament rotated about 400 to 600 times per meter can be obtained.
As one side, 250,000 / x ± 15 to 20% twist per m may be inserted into a fiber with a diameter of xmm.

Further, as the fibrous polymer material 10, for example, a nylon 6,6 monofilament having a diameter of 250 μm is subjected to an environment of 25 ° C. at a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ⁻³ to 1 × 10 ⁻² of the nylon 6,6 monofilament. By applying twice the moderate tensile stress and twisting so as not to cause coiling, a non-coiled twisted monofilament that has been rotated up to about 850 to 1150 times per meter can be obtained. If the nylon 6,6 monofilament is twisted, it may be coiled or broken. Further, when a tensile stress exceeding 1 × 10 ⁻² times the Young's modulus of the filament is applied, there is a tendency that a snarl (winding bump) is generated or the filament is easily broken.

In the fibrous polymer material 10 twisted in a temperature environment equal to or lower than the glass transition temperature of the fibrous polymer material 10, in order to suppress the effect of the twist returning to the original state, the temperature is equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature of the polymer. It is preferable to perform a residual stress relaxation treatment, such as placing in a certain environment for a certain period.

It is generally known that a fibrous polymer material exhibits high anisotropy in structure and physical properties in a fiber axis direction and in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis when a polymer chain is oriented. This is because the polymer chains are oriented in parallel to the fiber axis direction, and a crystal structure is easily formed. The polymer constituting the fibrous polymer material preferably includes a polymer having a regular polymer orientation that is non-parallel to the fiber axis of the fibrous polymer material. The fact that the polymer constituting the fibrous polymer material includes one that has a regular polymer orientation that is non-parallel to the fiber axis is a means for imparting the function of driving rotation to the fibrous polymer material. is there. By twisting and annealing the fibrous polymer material, a state in which the polymer constituting the fibrous polymer material is obliquely aligned with the fiber axis and regularly oriented is fixed.

In the actuator of the present invention, the kind of polymer constituting the fibrous polymer material includes nylon such as nylon 6, nylon 6,6, acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and poly. Examples thereof include polyolefin resins such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene, and polypropylene.

高分子 The polymer constituting the fibrous polymer material is preferably crystalline. The crystallinity of the polymer in the fibrous polymer material is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 55% to 90%. When the crystallinity is in such a range, the anisotropy of molecular orientation is high, and it is easy to obtain an excellent effect as an actuator.

In the actuator of the present invention, the fibrous polymer material may be a monofilament fiber or a multifilament fiber.
As one aspect, the “fibrous polymer material deformable by heating” according to the present invention includes a polymer chain having a regular polymer orientation that is non-parallel to the fiber axis, twists, and performs annealing. This is a fibrous polymer material in which a state in which the constituted polymer is obliquely aligned with the fiber axis and regularly oriented is fixed.
The twist is preferably 250,000 / x ± 15 to 20% per meter for a fiber having a diameter of xmm,
The polymer constituting the fibrous polymer material is nylon such as nylon 6, nylon 6, 6, acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyether ether. Polyolefin resins such as ketone, polyethylene and polypropylene are preferred.

において In the actuator of the present invention, the fibrous polymer material 10 is driven to rotate about the fiber axis by heating. The actuator of the present invention may be provided with a linear conductor heated by external heating, and without the linear conductor, rotates around the fiber axis in response to an external environmental temperature. It may be driven.

Examples of the linear conductor 12 include a metal wire and a carbon nanotube thread. Preferred metal wires include tungsten wires.
The linear conductor 12 is preferably wound on the fibrous polymer material 10 at a density of 1,000 to 10,000 turns / m.

The diameter _{D 10} of the fibrous polymeric material 10, 0.01 mm _<be a _{D 10} ≦ 40mm, 0.05mm _<be a _{_{D 10 ≦ 10mm, 0.1mm <D}} 10 ≦ 1mm met 0.1 mm <D ₁₀ ≦ 0.5 mm.

Although the cross section of the linear conductor 12 is described below on the assumption that it is substantially circular, it may be substantially elliptical or flat. Then, it is possible to understand by replacing major axis of the oval or flat shape to the diameter D _11.

In order to set the electric resistance per length of the actuator of the present invention in a suitable range, the diameter D ₁₀ of the fibrous polymer material 10, the diameter D _{11 of} the linear conductor 12, and the pitch (I + D) of the linear conductor 12 ₁₁ ) can be appropriately designed. The diameter _{D 10} of the fibrous polymeric material 10, for example, when it is 0.1 mm _{<D 10} ≦ 1 mm, the diameter _{D 11} of the linear conductor 12 is preferably _{1μm ≦ D 11 ≦ 1000μm, 5μm} ≦ D 11 ≦ 500 μm is more preferable, and 10 μm ≦ D ₁₁ ≦ 100 μm is particularly preferable. As another aspect, 10 μm ≦ D ₁₁ ≦ 150 μm may be satisfied.

The diameter _{D 10} of the fibrous polymeric material 10, the relationship between the diameter _{D 11} of the linear conductors 12, preferably _{_{0.001 ≦ D 11 / D 10 <}} 2, 0.005 ≦ D 11 / D 10 ≦ 1.0 is more preferred, and 0.01 ≦ D ₁₁ / D ₁₀ ≦ 0.5 is particularly preferred.

The diameter _{D 11} of the linear conductors 12, the relationship between inter-conductor distance I of the linear conductors 12, preferably _{0.01 ≦ I / D 11 ≦ 10} , 0.05 ≦ I / D 11 ≦ 5 Is more preferable, and 0.1 ≦ I / D ₁₁ ≦ 3 is particularly preferable.
The “distance I between conductors of the linear conductor 12” means the shortest distance between adjacent linear conductors 12 in the spiral structure of the linear conductor 12.

In a plan view, the angle θ between the linear conductor 12 and the fibrous polymer material 10 is 0 ° <θ ≦ 90 °, preferably 30 ° ≦ θ ≦ 90 °, and 45 ° ≦ θ ≦ 75 °. Is more preferred.

The length of the actuator of the present invention when left standing horizontally is preferably 1 to 100 cm, more preferably 1 to 50 cm, and particularly preferably 1 to 10 cm.
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the chemical formulas and the drawings. However, each configuration in the embodiment and a combination thereof are only examples, and the addition of the configuration, Omissions, substitutions, and other changes are possible. The present invention is not limited by each embodiment, but is limited only by the scope of the claims.

In one aspect, an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
A fibrous polymer material that is deformed by heating, a resin film, hydrotalcite particles, and a linear conductor,
Hydrotalcite particles are contained in a dispersed state in the resin film,
A linear conductor is spirally wound on the fibrous polymer material,
A resin layer 13 is formed on the fibrous polymer material and the linear conductor,
The linear conductor 12 is embedded inside the resin film 13,
Preferably, the fibrous polymer material is nylon 6,6 filament,
The nylon 6,6 filament preferably has a diameter D ₁₀ of 0.1 mm <D ₁₀ ≦ 0.5 mm, and a twist density of 400 to 600 turns / m.
The thermal conductivity of the resin film is preferably 0.4 or more and 0.45 or less,
Preferably, the linear conductor is a copper wire,
Preferably, the copper wire is wound on the fibrous polymer material at 1,000 to 1600 turns / m,
Actuator.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples described below.

[Cooling rate evaluation]
A voltage (8 V DC) is applied to the linear conductor of the heat-responsive actuator prepared by a predetermined method, and after heating to 110 ° C., the voltage is removed, and the voltage is removed at room temperature (25 ° C.) in a windless environment. Waited for the surface temperature to drop to ° C. The time required for the temperature change was measured. The temperature was measured using a thermo camera “FLIROne” manufactured by FLIR.

[Heat-cooling cycle time evaluation]
In the cooling rate evaluation, heating was restarted when the decrease in surface temperature reached 30 ° C., air cooling was started by removing voltage at a surface temperature of 110 ° C., and heating was restarted at a surface temperature of 30 ° C. was repeated. The cycle from the start of heating to the temperature drop to 50 ° C. after cooling was defined as one cycle, and the temperature change after each time in one cycle was tracked. The results are shown in FIG. In the figure, “Coated” indicates Example 1, and “Bare” indicates Comparative Example 1. The time required for one cycle (thermal cooling cycle time) was measured.

[Visibility of filament and metal wire]
The heating-responsive actuator was visually observed to determine whether the filament surface and the metal wire were visible.

[Example 1]
Toray monofilament nylon 6,6 filament (diameter 0.5 mm, thermal conductivity = 0.2 W / mK) twisted at a twist density of 500 turns / m (number of twists per unit length) and annealed at 180 ° C for 40 minutes Processing was performed. A copper wire (0.15 mm in diameter) is wound around the obtained twisted filament at a density of 1600 turns / m, and a heat-radiating paint (high-heat-radiating hydrotalcite particles mixed with a resin) is applied from above. Unicool (registered trademark) UC-001, manufactured by Godo Ink Co., Ltd., thermal conductivity: 0.45 W / mK) was applied at a thickness of 20 μm, and dried at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes. This processed filament was wound in a coil shape around a metal rod having a diameter of 2 mm in the same rotational direction as the twist, and an annealing treatment was performed at 180 ° C. for 40 minutes. Thereafter, the metal rod was removed to obtain a telescopic heating responsive actuator. Regarding the visibility of the filament and the metal wire of the heat-responsive actuator, both the filament surface and the metal wire were visible through the coating film of the heat-radiating paint.

10 cm of the prepared actuator of Example 1 (length when the coil-shaped heat-responsive actuator was left to stand horizontally) was sampled, the upper end was fixed in the vertical direction, and a 20 g weight was suspended from the lower end. When a DC voltage of 8 V was applied to the entire length of the actuator (applied to the copper wire), the actuator contracted and lifted the weight. Thereafter, when the voltage was removed when the surface temperature reached 110 ° C., the actuator gradually expanded to its original length and the weight descended.

[Comparative Example 1]
A heat-responsive actuator was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the heat-radiating paint was not applied.

アクチュエータ It was found that the actuator of Example 1 had an extremely high cooling rate and a shorter thermal cooling cycle time than the actuator of Comparative Example 1.

The actuator of the present invention can be used for powering various articles as an actuator that is deformed by heating, and is extremely industrially effective.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Actuator 10 ... Fibrous polymer material 11 ... Hydrotalcite particle 12 ... Linear conductor 13 ... Resin film (heat dissipation layer)
I: gap distance between adjacent linear conductors in a spiral structure of linear conductors D ₁₀ : diameter of fibrous polymer material D ₁₁ : diameter of linear conductors

Claims

アクチュエータ An actuator comprising a fibrous polymer material that is deformed by heating and hydrotalcite particles in a dispersed state.
The actuator according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous polymer material is covered with a resin film, and the hydrotalcite particles are dispersed in the resin film.
The following formula is defined between the thermal conductivity X (W · m −1 · K −1 ) of the fibrous polymer material and the thermal conductivity Y (W · m −1 · K −1 ) of the resin film. 3. The actuator according to claim 2, wherein the relationship of 1) is established.
Y ≧ X + 0.2 (Equation 1)
(4) The actuator according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a conductor.
The actuator according to claim 4, wherein the conductor is formed of a conductive linear material.
The actuator according to claim 5, wherein the linear material is spirally wound around the fibrous polymer material.
7. The actuator according to claim 5, wherein the linear material is embedded in the resin film.
8. The actuator according to claim 4, wherein the conductor is bonded or fixed to the fibrous polymer material by the resin film.
The actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fibrous polymer material is twisted.