WO2020041914A1 - Sistema y método para solubilizar en un medio acuoso elementos contenidos en un concentrado mineral del tipo sulfuro. - Google Patents
Sistema y método para solubilizar en un medio acuoso elementos contenidos en un concentrado mineral del tipo sulfuro. Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020041914A1 WO2020041914A1 PCT/CL2019/050077 CL2019050077W WO2020041914A1 WO 2020041914 A1 WO2020041914 A1 WO 2020041914A1 CL 2019050077 W CL2019050077 W CL 2019050077W WO 2020041914 A1 WO2020041914 A1 WO 2020041914A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- multimodal
- sulfuric acid
- chamber
- sulfur
- metals
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/02—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/06—Sulfating roasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
- C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/08—Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
- C22B4/04—Heavy metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
- C22B4/08—Apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention in general terms, refers to a system and method for solubilizing in an aqueous medium, the elements contained in a mineral concentrate of the metal-bearing sulfide type, such as Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, those corresponding to the group of Platinum and other valuable metals and commercial interest, associated with their respective groups and periods established in the periodic table of chemical elements, of universal knowledge.
- a mineral concentrate of the metal-bearing sulfide type such as Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper
- bioleaching allow the iron sulfide present in a concentrated mineral to be solubilized by the action of specific bacteria, which oxidize metal sulphides to their corresponding soluble sulfates in an aqueous medium.
- specific bacteria which oxidize metal sulphides to their corresponding soluble sulfates in an aqueous medium.
- patent EP0041841 presents the result of laboratory experiences to study the effect of microwaves on chemical reactions, testing samples weight ranges between 25 to 120 grams.
- This patent does not relate any type of novelty regarding the way of applying sulfuric acid and microwave energy in a high efficiency concept oriented to competitive industrial uses.
- Another patent, US 5,091,160 reports the use of microwaves as radiation to eliminate the formation of foams in mineral leaching, not having any relation to the present application.
- US Patent 5,154,899 presents a method to recover plutonium from its presence in a matrix which is induced by porosity by incineration, being subsequently leached with tetrahydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, and using microwaves in a sealed reactor that operates at 690 [kPa] pressure and 200 Q C, in small quantities. Said patent departs from the present application.
- WO 89/04379 discloses the use of particulate carbon and concentrated minerals of tin, chromium, iron and ilmenite, duly dried and arranged inside a vertical column that is subjected to a field of domestic microwaves (2,450 megahertz of electromagnetic frequency), to produce drops of metal, which are subsequently collected.
- a field of domestic microwaves (2,450 megahertz of electromagnetic frequency)
- the present invention consists of a system and method for rapidly granting chemical solubility in an aqueous medium to the elements contained in a mineral concentrate of the sulfide type bearing Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, platinum group metals and other metallic elements of commercial interest.
- the invention consists of a system and a method that applies industrial microwave energy of 915 MHz frequency, as a catalyst for chemical reactions and concentrated sulfuric acid mixed with oxygen under pressure, which It enhances the oxidative power of sulfuric acid as a chemical oxidant, and facilitates solubilization in an aqueous medium, to the elements contained in a mineral concentrate of the sulphide type, container of the previously indicated metals, which is established as raw material.
- a mineral concentrate of the sulphide type, container of the previously indicated metals which is established as raw material.
- preferably copper such raw material presents the possibility of containing in its generic mineralogy, metals such as Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Platinum group metals and other metallic elements of commercial interest, which they are identified in their respective groups established in the periodic table of chemical elements, of universal knowledge.
- the system for granting solubility in an aqueous medium to the elements contained in a mineral concentrate of the sulfide type carrying Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, platinum group metals and other valuable elements comprises: a) A mixing apparatus composed of:
- first mineral concentrate container mailbox (1) a first mineral concentrate container mailbox (2), a second carbon carrier container mailbox (2), where each mailbox contains an “endless screw” to be discharged (3), a first mixer enclosure for mixing solids (4) ,
- each multimodal camera has one or more conveyor belts (9),
- each multimodal chamber has one or more apparatus for modifying the positioning of solid particles (10);
- suitable mixer that provides a mixture formed by concentrated sulfuric acid with a minimum purity of 96%, and gaseous oxygen applied to stoichiometric pressure, equipped with accessories for control of its internal behavior such as pressure and temperature sensors, designed with opening devices to arrange in its interior elements that facilitate acid-oxygen contact, and other elements that facilitate the entry and exit of the materials associated with the preparation of this mixture, which is applied as drizzle to the material discharged by external disintegrators (12) ;
- metal container such as Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Platinum group metals and other valuable metals and commercial interest, which are identified in their respective groups and periods established in the periodic system of chemical elements of general knowledge. This includes a series of activities organized in sequence and which must operate continuously, and are the following:
- Figure 1 the scheme of the method for solubilizing in an aqueous medium, the metals contained in a mineral concentrate of the iron sulfide type are shown. The following describes the system components:
- the present invention consists of a system and method that applies industrial microwave energy.
- the microwave power applied is absorbed by the particles of the dough, mainly those that have dielectric properties, and that dissipates in its interior raising its temperature.
- the preparation of the mass of particles in the manner indicated previously which consists in the creation of a larger specific surface for the mass of particles, facilitates the absorption of the microwave power that finally acts as a catalyst agent.
- the dielectric properties of the mineral concentrate components of the mineral concentrate also participate in said absorption.
- Sulfate crystals formed during the reaction grow in size dragging the material that still does not react and must be reduced in size in order to maintain a specific surface of appropriate reaction (we migrate from particulate material in reaction) for its contact with a drizzle of powdered sulfuric acid as a mixture with oxygen under pressure.
- the final product of the reaction is a mass of solid and dry particulate material, which is mixed with water to create an aqueous pulp that is sent to a clarifying apparatus from which, by physical separation, an electrolyte with dissolved metals is obtained of commercial interest, and a cake that is discarded by the download of said clarifier.
- the method and process for separating the various dissolved metals is not a matter of the present invention.
- the electromagnetic energy used in the 915 MHz frequency is known as industrial microwaves.
- the transformation of electrical energy into energy of this class is carried out with a conversion efficiency of the order of 85% (Thermex Thermatron INC., USA 1 ).
- the microwave power is transferred from its generation source to the multimodal chamber containing the reaction apparatus, by means of a rectangular rectangular metal conduit called “waveguide”.
- the structural and operational design of the microwave power generating apparatus as a catalyst agent is certified by the OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and guarantees the operational viability of:
- the microwave power is expressed in kilowatts and the value applied is a function of the properties and quantity of the material to be treated, in this case, the mass of irregularly agglomerated particles, which establishes the concept of specific power and expresses in kilowatts of microwave power per kilogram of concentrated ore to be treated.
- Figure 1 shows the process diagram, which begins with the preparation of the mass of agglomerated particles to be leached, and concludes with the delivery of a electrolyte containing dissolved metals.
- the “mixing apparatus” has the function of mixing the mineral pyrite concentrate with the fine activated carbon to be used as an additive in the chemical reaction of the process, and then agglomerating the homogenized mixture with a drizzle of concentrated sulfuric acid giving this preparation to the following process.
- This device is composed of two mailboxes (1 and 2) receivers of each of the mentioned products.
- Each mailbox has, in its lower part, feeders of the "screw type" (3) suitable for unloading in a controlled way, the material of each storage.
- this apparatus is of the continuous type, in which the discharged products enter the mixer itself, to a first stage (4) provided with mechanical agitation composed of a horizontal axis and metal rods arranged radially, which rotates at speed on the products until homogenized.
- the homogeneous mixture is transferred by overflow to a second stage (5) of the mixing apparatus, provided with the same mechanical agitation system, where an injector (6) applies a shower of concentrated sulfuric acid from its storage tank (7) in the form controlled in order to produce a mass of agglomerated and irregular particles whose size must be in the range 5 to 8 mm.
- the percentage by weight of sulfuric acid to be used in this operation must not exceed 55% of the weight of the solid mixture to be sent to the process.
- agglomerated particles thus obtained is transferred to a first multimodal chamber (14) that admits industrial microwave power of 915 MHz frequency from a generator (8) continuously.
- This mass is deposited on the surface of a segmented horizontal belt made of Teflon pieces (9), presenting as an option the manufacture of flexible Teflon tape, if the supplier manufacturer offers. It circulates inside it inside said multimodal chamber.
- the microwave power applied in a continuous way allows to raise the incoming temperature of the mass of agglomerated particles, to the reaction temperature, located in the range 180 ° C and 200 ° C.
- Said chamber is provided with 2 segmented belts (9) similar to that mentioned in the first multimodal chamber, arranged in parallel, where the industrial microwave power is applied with a specific profile in order to maintain the reaction temperature at a thermal level not exceeding 200 ° C. e)
- a particle path modifying apparatus 10 designed according to what was previously indicated.
- the particulate material that leaves the first segmented belt of the second multimodal chamber is transferred to the outside of said chamber to a "disintegrator-reaglomerator" apparatus to subject its granulated component to a fine disintegration in rollers and then supply a third aliquot of 96% concentrated sulfuric acid mixture of minimum purity mixed with oxygen under pressure applied in the form of fine drizzle, as explained in the preceding section.
- the disintegrator-reaglomerator apparatus (1 1) is composed of a mailbox receiving the mass discharged by the segmented belt, in whose lower part there is a pair of Teflon rollers, arranged horizontally, identical and parallel, separated between yes no more than 2 mm and they rotate in contrasense.
- the mass of disintegrated particles enters an enclosure provided with a mechanical stirring system that combines the disintegrated material with an additional aliquot of 96% concentrated sulfuric acid mixture. minimum purity mixed with oxygen under pressure applied in the form of fine drizzle, similar to that described in the preceding section.
- a mechanical stirring system that combines the disintegrated material with an additional aliquot of 96% concentrated sulfuric acid mixture. minimum purity mixed with oxygen under pressure applied in the form of fine drizzle, similar to that described in the preceding section.
- Both microwave power receiving multimodal cameras are internally designed with an upper cover (16) suitable for the extraction of sulfur gases to an elemental sulfur collection system (17),
- Both multimodal cameras are equipped with accessories such as thermal sensors, sulfuric acid flow sensors and oxygen pressure, whose signals converge to an operation board for the control of chemical reactions inside each of the chambers (26).
- a pond 22) provided with mechanical agitation and aqueous supply (21) and interior and surrounding vertical plates to prevent the rotation of the mixture and facilitate the dissolution of the metals of interest.
- Its agitator is of the helical type and is motor driven.
- Its discharge has a conical design with controllable opening valve.
- the present invention also describes a method for granting solubility in an aqueous medium to metals contained in a mineral concentrate of the sulphide-type metal carrier of the platinum group and other valuable elements through the system described above, where the steps comprise:
- the method although applicable to all mineralogy of the metal sulphide type, whether copper or iron, has used as a raw material a concentrate of high mineralogical purity, of the order of 96%, a carrier material of carbon, a device that mixing concentrated sulfuric acid with oxygen under pressure, a mixing and homogenizing apparatus for solid components, an apparatus that allows the products to be processed into a mass of particulate material and a 2,450 Megahertz microwave oven with an internal power of 1, 1 kW
- the operations are started with a mixing apparatus that delivers a homogeneous mass of the solid components and then added a drizzle of sulfuric acid of 96% minimum concentration, in order to produce a mass of particulate material.
- a mixing apparatus that delivers a homogeneous mass of the solid components and then added a drizzle of sulfuric acid of 96% minimum concentration, in order to produce a mass of particulate material.
- the order of 120 grams of the mineral concentrate was used, which were mixed and homogenized with a dose with fine organic solid carriers of carbon, the amount of which ranged from 70 to 90 grams of fine carbon content. Both materials were presented with a humidity of less than 0.5%.
- the homogenized mixture was subjected to a drizzle of concentrated sulfuric acid greater than 96%, in sufficient quantity to produce a mass of fine agglomerated particles with a size in the range 5 to 8 mm.
- the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain said agglomerated mass varied between 100 to 110 grams. It was observed that this application increases the original temperature of the mixture from the original 18 ° C to 23 °, to a temperature slightly higher than 80 ° C.
- the mass of particulate material thus obtained entered the second process of the method in which microwave energy is applied continuously and with a power of 1.1 kW.
- the use of this kind of energy is because two of its properties are applicable in the metallurgy of processes.
- the first of these is the dielectric property of sulphides subjected to microwave action.
- the sulphide type mineralogy in general is of very low electrical conductivity, but in turn, they have the property of forming electrical dipoles when exposed to the application of a microwave field. Such dipoles oscillate at the same frequency of the applied microwave, and consequently the microwave energy dissipates as heat.
- the second of the properties is the interaction of microwaves with liquid dipole structures.
- the water molecule is dipolar
- sulfuric acid is dipolar by incorporating the polarity of water in its formation. Consequently, the microwave power applied is a catalyst for chemical reactions for research mineralogy.
- the agglomerated mass described previously was subjected to the microwave action. After an initial 8 to 10 minutes, the process stops to observe the changes produced. It is verified that the acid used in the agglomeration has been consumed and consequently the pleasantness and hardening of the original particles is observed, which was necessary to disintegrate them.
- the disintegrated masses were again dosed with sulfuric acid in the form of fine drizzle, driven by oxygen pressure (3 bar), by means of a liquid atomization gun with a stainless steel nozzle. Each time the material was re-baked, checking its temperatures every 4 minutes for 3 times, which were maintained between 172 and 190 ° C. At the end of the 12 minutes established by the method, what was done at the end of the first 8 minutes was prohibited, and the dosage of sulfuric acid provided in 100% was fulfilled, which was calculated considering the stoichiometry of the main reaction, plus additional consumption given the interaction of sulfuric acid with elemental sulfur formed during the reaction.
- the particulate material released elemental sulfur by reacting the sulfur dioxide with the carbon carrier material.
- the catalyst or technical accelerator of this reaction is the application of microwave power on the reactant mass, which has been empirically proven.
- the sulphate crystals formed during the reaction grow in size by dragging the material that still does not react and must be reduced in size in order to maintain a specific surface of appropriate reaction (we migrate from particulate material in reaction) for its contact with the drizzle of sulfuric acid driven with oxygen pressure.
- the reaction product is a mass of solid particulate material, which, when mixed with water, allows the dissolution of various sulphated and potentially extractable metals by processes of extraction by solvents already known.
- the chemical head analyzes corresponding to metals such as Platinum, Palladium, Iridium and Gold, in the head sample, were detected in the order of parts per billion (ppb).
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PE2021000262A PE20211135A1 (es) | 2018-08-28 | 2019-08-27 | Sistema y metodo para solubilizar en un medio acuoso elementos contenidos en un concentrado mineral del tipo sulfuro |
US17/271,730 US20210317546A1 (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2019-08-27 | System and method for solubilising in an aqueous medium elements contained in a sulfide ore concentrate |
BR112021003755-1A BR112021003755A2 (pt) | 2018-08-28 | 2019-08-27 | sistema e método para solubilizar elementos contidos em um concentrado mineral do tipo sulfeto em um meio aquoso |
MX2021002338A MX2021002338A (es) | 2018-08-28 | 2019-08-27 | Sistema y metodo para solubilizar en un medio acuoso elementos contenidos en un concentrado mineral del tipo sulfuro. |
AU2019330759A AU2019330759A1 (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2019-08-27 | System and method for solubilising in an aqueous medium elements contained in a sulfide ore concentrate |
CA3111703A CA3111703A1 (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2019-08-27 | System and method for solubilising in an aqueous medium elements contained in a sulfide ore concentrate |
ZA2021/01367A ZA202101367B (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2021-02-26 | System and method for solubilising in an aqueous medium elements contained in a sulfide ore concentrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CL2460-2018 | 2018-08-28 | ||
CL2018002460A CL2018002460A1 (es) | 2018-08-28 | 2018-08-28 | Sistema y método para solubilizar en un medio acuoso elementos contenidos en un concentrado mineral del tipo sulfuro |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2020041914A1 true WO2020041914A1 (es) | 2020-03-05 |
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ID=65529184
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CL2019/050077 WO2020041914A1 (es) | 2018-08-28 | 2019-08-27 | Sistema y método para solubilizar en un medio acuoso elementos contenidos en un concentrado mineral del tipo sulfuro. |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210317546A1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU2019330759A1 (es) |
BR (1) | BR112021003755A2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA3111703A1 (es) |
CL (1) | CL2018002460A1 (es) |
MX (1) | MX2021002338A (es) |
PE (1) | PE20211135A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2020041914A1 (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA202101367B (es) |
Citations (8)
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WO2003102250A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-11 | Technological Resources Pty Ltd | Microwave treatment of ores |
US20050103157A1 (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2005-05-19 | Kruesi Paul R. | Microwave enhancement of the segregation roast |
CN101323909A (zh) * | 2008-07-17 | 2008-12-17 | 东北大学 | 一种微波选择性还原焙烧-稀酸浸出氧化镍矿的方法 |
WO2013067577A1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-16 | Technological Resources Pty Limited | A method for the treatment of ore material |
CN103451438A (zh) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-18 | 东北大学 | 一种采用微波处理从铜阳极泥中提取回收铜和硒的方法 |
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US20150211092A1 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2015-07-30 | Flsmidth A/S | Method and process for the enhanced leaching of copper sulfide minerals containing chalcopyrite |
US20160045841A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-02-18 | Transtar Group, Ltd. | New and improved system for processing various chemicals and materials |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109234544A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-18 | 宁夏师范学院 | 利用微波热场高效浸取煤矸石中有价元素铁、铝、钛的方法 |
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2018
- 2018-08-28 CL CL2018002460A patent/CL2018002460A1/es unknown
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2019
- 2019-08-27 BR BR112021003755-1A patent/BR112021003755A2/pt active Search and Examination
- 2019-08-27 US US17/271,730 patent/US20210317546A1/en active Pending
- 2019-08-27 WO PCT/CL2019/050077 patent/WO2020041914A1/es active Application Filing
- 2019-08-27 AU AU2019330759A patent/AU2019330759A1/en active Pending
- 2019-08-27 CA CA3111703A patent/CA3111703A1/en active Pending
- 2019-08-27 MX MX2021002338A patent/MX2021002338A/es unknown
- 2019-08-27 PE PE2021000262A patent/PE20211135A1/es unknown
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2021
- 2021-02-26 ZA ZA2021/01367A patent/ZA202101367B/en unknown
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US20160045841A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-02-18 | Transtar Group, Ltd. | New and improved system for processing various chemicals and materials |
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WO2015081372A2 (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-11 | Technological Resources Pty. Limited | Heap leaching |
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