WO2020040326A1 - 페닐아세트산 유도체 및 이를 유효성분으로 함유하는 자가면역질환 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 - Google Patents
페닐아세트산 유도체 및 이를 유효성분으로 함유하는 자가면역질환 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020040326A1 WO2020040326A1 PCT/KR2018/009716 KR2018009716W WO2020040326A1 WO 2020040326 A1 WO2020040326 A1 WO 2020040326A1 KR 2018009716 W KR2018009716 W KR 2018009716W WO 2020040326 A1 WO2020040326 A1 WO 2020040326A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acetyl
- tetrahydropyrazolo
- pyrazin
- propanoic acid
- compound
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/4985—Pyrazines or piperazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
- A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
- A23V2200/324—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having an effect on the immune system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a phenylacetic acid derivative and a composition for preventing or treating autoimmune diseases containing the same as an active ingredient.
- Autoimmune disease is a disease that causes abnormal immune responses by misidentifying the substance of the body as an antigen.
- Psoriasis Sjogren's syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, optic neuromyelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Graves disease, Behcet's disease Etc.
- the main cause of autoimmune diseases is that lymphocytes migrate to tissues and cause abnormalities in the autoimmune system.
- the pathogenesis of each disease is not known yet.
- Lysophospholipids represented by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), have long been regarded as phospholipid metabolites of cell membrane components, but are now G protein-linked receptors.
- LPA lysophosphatidic acid
- S1P sphingosine 1-phosphate
- Lipophospholipid receptor activation which is classified as a coupled receptor (GPCR), has been reported to be an important extracellular signal that modulates a variety of biological functions.
- LPA1 is the first lysophospholipid receptor identified (1996) and is a key factor in regulating nervous system development. Recent studies have revealed the importance in various diseases. Immune response control is drawing attention. The signal transduction mechanisms of LPA1 and the organic system with tissues in vivo have been shown in various studies, as well as autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren's syndrome, stroke, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetic nephropathy and fibrosis and systemic sclerosis. It has become an important data for the treatment of various diseases including disorders, neurological pain, infertility, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
- the present invention provides a phenylacetic acid derivative.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating autoimmune diseases containing the phenylacetic acid derivative as an active ingredient.
- the present invention provides a health functional food composition for improving or preventing autoimmune diseases containing the phenylacetic acid derivative as an active ingredient.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different, respectively, and are selected from hydrogen, (C 1 -C 4) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4) alkoxy, halogen, nitro or a substituent of formula (2), or R 1 and R 2 Is linked to form a 5 ring heterocyclic ring,
- R 3 and R 4 may each be the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, (C 1 -C 4) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4) alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, phenoxy, halogen or nitro, or R 3 and R 4 may be connected to form a 5 ring heterocycle.
- the pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating LPA1-related diseases contains the compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and may have an inhibitory effect on LPA1 (Lysophosphatidic acid 1) receptor activation.
- LPA1 Lisophosphatidic acid 1
- the dietary supplement for LPA1-related disease improvement or prevention according to the present invention contains the compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and may have an inhibitory effect on LPA1 (Lysophosphatidic acid 1) receptor activation.
- LPA1 Lisophosphatidic acid 1
- the phenylacetic acid derivative according to the present invention has an inhibitory effect on LPA1 receptor activation, it is a pharmaceutical composition and health functional food composition for preventing or treating LPA1-related diseases such as stroke, psoriasis, Sjogren's syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetic nephropathy and fibrosis. It can be usefully used.
- autoimmune diseases it is possible to effectively prevent and treat autoimmune diseases through the pharmaceutical composition and health functional food composition for preventing or treating LPA1-related diseases according to the present invention.
- the autoimmune disease, as well as other immune-related diseases similar to the developmental mechanism can be applied in various ways.
- Figure 4 is a drug evaluation results for psoriasis using the compound according to the present invention.
- the present invention provides an in vivo disease model for an autoimmune disease such as sjogren's disease, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and abnormal immune response diseases such as diabetic nephropathy and cerebral ischemia.
- an autoimmune disease such as sjogren's disease, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and abnormal immune response diseases such as diabetic nephropathy and cerebral ischemia.
- the present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different, respectively, hydrogen, (C1 ⁇ C4) alkyl, (C1 ⁇ C4) alkoxy, halogen, nitro or any one selected from substituents of the formula (2), Alternatively, R 1 and R 2 may be connected to form a five-ring hetero ring.
- R 3 and R 4 in the substituent of Formula 2 may be the same or different, respectively, selected from hydrogen, (C1 ⁇ C4) alkyl, (C1 ⁇ C4) alkoxy, trilomethyl, phenoxy, halogen or nitro Either or R 3 and R 4 may be linked to form a five-ring heterocycle.
- the 5 ring heterocyclic ring formed by connecting R 3 and R 4 may be a 1,3-diosol ring.
- the compound is 3- (5- (2- (benzo [d] [1,3] dioxol-5-yl) acetyl) -4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo [1 , 5-a] pyrazin-2-yl) propanoic acid, 3- (5- (2- (4-methoxyphenyl) acetyl) -4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo [1,5-a ] Pyrazin-2-yl) propanoic acid, 3- (5- (2- (4-chlorophenyl) acetyl) -4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrazine-2- Yl) propanoic acid, 3- (5- (2- (4-bromophenyl) acetyl) -4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrazin-2-yl) propanoic acid , 3- (5- (2- (2- (2
- the compound may be a compound represented by the following Formula 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different, and each one selected from hydrogen, (C 1 -C 4) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4) alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, phenoxy, halogen, or nitro Or, R 1 and R 2 may be connected to form a five-ring hetero ring.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different, and each selected from hydrogen, (C 1 -C 4) alkyl, (C 1 -C 2) alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, phenoxy, or fluoro Either one or R 1 and R 2 may be linked to form a 1,3-dioxolic ring.
- the compound represented by Formula 3 is 3- (5- (2- (4'-methoxy- [1,1'-biphenyl] -4-yl) acetyl) -4,5,6 , 7-tetrahydropyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrazin-2-yl) propanoic acid, 3- (5- (2- (3'-methoxy- [1,1'-biphenyl] -4- Yl) acetyl) -4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrazin-2-yl) propanoic acid, 3- (5- (2- (4'-phenoxy- [1 , 1'-biphenyl] -4-yl) acetyl) -4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrazin-2-yl) propanoic acid, 3- (5- (2-(3'-fluoro- [1,1'-biphenyl]
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a disease related to LPA1, comprising any one of the above compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and having an inhibitory effect on LPA1 (Lysophosphatidic acid 1) receptor activation. do.
- the LPA1-related disease may be any one selected from the group consisting of stroke, psoriasis, Sjogren's syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetic nephropathy and fibrosis, but is not limited thereto.
- composition according to the present invention may be prepared further comprising a suitable carrier, excipient or diluent pharmaceutically acceptable according to the above formulation.
- pharmaceutically acceptable means that the cell or the human body exposed to the pharmaceutical composition exhibits characteristics that are not toxic.
- Carriers, excipients or diluents usable in the present invention include lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, starch, acacia rubber, alginate, gelatin, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, cellulose, Methyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, water, methylhydroxybenzoate, propylhydroxybenzoate, talc, magnesium stearate, mineral oil, and the like.
- compositions according to the present invention may be used in the form of powders, granules, tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, aerosols, and the like, oral formulations, suppositories, and sterile injectable solutions, respectively, according to conventional methods. have.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention when formulated in the above form, it may be prepared using diluents or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrating agents, surfactants, etc. which are commonly used.
- Solid form preparations for oral administration include tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, and the like, and the solid form may be at least one excipient such as starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose. ) Or lactose, gelatin and the like can be mixed.
- Oral liquid preparations include suspensions, solvents, emulsions, and syrups, and may include various excipients, such as wetting agents, sweeteners, fragrances, and preservatives, in addition to commonly used simple diluents, water and liquid paraffin. .
- Formulations for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solvents, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilized preparations, suppositories.
- non-aqueous solvent and suspending agent propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, injectable esters such as ethyl oleate and the like can be used.
- base of the suppository witepsol, macrogol, tween 61, cacao butter, laurin butter, glycerogelatin and the like can be used.
- the pharmaceutical composition may be administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount.
- the "pharmaceutically effective amount” means an amount sufficient to treat the disease at a reasonable benefit / risk ratio applicable to medical treatment and not causing side effects, and the effective dose level is determined by the patient's health condition and ulcer. Type, severity, activity of the drug, sensitivity to the drug, method of administration, time of administration, route of administration and rate of release, duration of treatment, factors including the drug being used in combination or concurrently, and other factors well known in the medical arts. .
- the amount of the compound which is an active ingredient of the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may vary depending on the age, sex, weight, and disease of the patient, but is 0.001 to 100 mg / kg, preferably 0.01 to 10 mg / kg once or several times a day. May be administered.
- the dosage of the compound according to the present invention can be increased or decreased depending on the route of administration, the severity of the disease, sex, weight, age, and the like. Therefore, the above dosage does not limit the scope of the present invention in any aspect.
- the pharmaceutical composition may be administered to various mammals such as mice, mice, livestock, humans, and the like. All modes of administration can be expected, for example, by oral, rectal or intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intrabronchial inhalation, intrauterine dural or intracere-broventricular injection.
- the present invention provides a functional food composition for improving or preventing LPA1-related diseases, comprising the compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and having an inhibitory effect on LPA1 (Lysophosphatidic acid 1) receptor activation. .
- the LPA1-related disease may be any one selected from the group consisting of stroke, psoriasis, Sjogren's syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetic nephropathy and fibrosis, but is not limited thereto.
- the dietary supplement according to the present invention may be provided in the form of powder, granules, tablets, capsules, syrups or beverages, and the dietary supplement is used with other foods or food additives in addition to the compound according to the present invention as an active ingredient, It can be suitably used according to a conventional method.
- the mixed amount of the active ingredient can be suitably determined according to the purpose of use thereof, for example, prophylactic, health or therapeutic treatment.
- the effective dose of the compound contained in the dietary supplement according to the present invention can be used in accordance with the effective dose of the pharmaceutical composition, but in the case of long-term intake for the purpose of health and hygiene or for the purpose of health control It may be in the range below, and the active ingredient may be used in an amount above the range because there is no problem in terms of safety.
- the compound according to the present invention may be used in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and the salt may be used in the form of either a pharmaceutically acceptable basic salt or an acid salt.
- the basic salt may be used in the form of organic salt or inorganic salt, and may be sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, lithium salt, magnesium salt, cesium salt, aluminum salt, ammonium salt, or triethyl. It may be selected from the group consisting of aluminum salts and pyridinium salts, but is not limited thereto.
- Acid salts are useful acid addition salts formed by free acid.
- the inorganic acid and organic acid may be used as the free acid, and hydrochloric acid, bromic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, phosphoric acid, etc. may be used as the inorganic acid, and citric acid, acetic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, gluconic acid, and methanesulfonic acid may be used as the organic acid.
- Benzenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, acetic acid, glyconic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, 4-toluenesulfonic acid, galacturonic acid, embonic acid, glutamic acid, citric acid, aspartic acid Etc. can be used.
- hydrochloric acid may be used as the inorganic acid
- methanesulfonic acid may be used as the organic acid.
- the compounds according to the present invention may include not only pharmaceutically acceptable salts, but also all salts, hydrates, and solvates that can be prepared by conventional methods.
- the addition salt according to the present invention can be prepared by a conventional method, for example, by dissolving the compound represented by Formula 1 to Formula 3 in a water miscible organic solvent, such as acetone, methanol, ethanol, or acetonitrile. It can be prepared by adding excess organic base or adding an aqueous base solution of inorganic base followed by precipitation or crystallization. Alternatively, the solvent or excess base may be evaporated and dried in this mixture to obtain an addition salt, or the precipitated salt may be prepared by suction filtration.
- a water miscible organic solvent such as acetone, methanol, ethanol, or acetonitrile.
- Scheme 1 is a process for synthesizing tetrahydropyrazolopyrazine, which is a core mother core according to the present invention, in the same manner as in Scheme 1, using propargylamine as a starting material according to the following method as tetrahydropyrazol Synthesis of pyrazine (Tetrahydropyrazolopyrazine) was performed.
- Example 1-1 4-methyl-N- (prop-2-yn-1-yl) benzenesulfonamide [4-methyl-N- (prop-2-yn-1-yl) benzenesulfonamide]
- Toluene (Toluene, 26.3ml) was added Compound 2 (6.05g, 22.26mmol) and diazo acetate (Diazoacetate, 23.7ml, 27.83mmol) and stirred for 12 hours at 140 °C. After stirring, cesium carbonate (Cesium Carbonate, 10.88 g, 33.4 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (10 ml) were added to the mixture, and the reaction was continued for 30 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and neutralized by adding 1 normal hydrochloric acid. The product was extracted through ethyl acetate and water was removed through magnesium sulfate. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and then purified by column chromatography to obtain compound 3 (4.215g, 54.19%).
- Scheme 2 is a process of synthesizing 13 kinds of tetrahydropyrazolopyrazine and phenylacetic acid derivatives, which are the core mothers, according to the present invention, and in the same manner as in Scheme 2, tetrahydropyrazolopyrazine of compound 7 and variously substituted phenyl Compound 13a was synthesized by amide coupling reaction of 13 kinds of acetic acid, and 13 kinds of compounds 9a to 9m were synthesized by hydrolyzing methyl ester.
- biphenylacetic acid was first synthesized in the same manner as in Scheme 3 below.
- STAT3-luciferase was transfected into RH7777 cells overexpressing human LPA1 receptor, and the activity of the compounds was measured by luciferase activation assay.
- Assays for luciferase activation were performed 24 hours after the LPA treatment. At this time, the concentrations of the reference substance and the compound were 100 nM. (However, when AM095 was used as the reference substance, 10 ⁇ M was used as the treatment concentration.)
- the LPA1 receptor when inactivated (vehicle treatment group (veh)), it can be identified as a compound that inhibits activity by at least about 50% based on the value activated by LPA treatment.
- Five compounds of Compound 9a, Compound 9d, Compound 9g, Compound 9h, and Compound 9i were selected as effective compounds.
- the five compounds selected as effective compounds in the LPA1 receptor activation inhibitory efficacy evaluation experiment were treated with cells by concentration to obtain IC 50 values for LPA1 activation of these compounds.
- the IC 50 value for each compound is derived from the result of the IC 50 value for AM152 is the reference material to 100% and to appear as a relative percentage (%) the results are shown in Table 1.
- Compounds 9a and 9d according to the present invention evaluate the symptoms and efficacy of dosing in experimental mice (7-8 weeks of age) of the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mid cerebral artery stenosis / reperfusion (tMCAO) model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. It was.
- MCAO middle cerebral artery occlusion
- tMCAO mid cerebral artery stenosis / reperfusion
- mice tMCAO induced reperfusion after male experimental mice (7th week, Orient Co., Ltd) for 90 minutes after cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and mice were orally dosed with each compound.
- MCAO transient focal cerebral ischemia
- the neurological sequelae was first quantified based on a modified neurological severity score scale (mNSS).
- the total score for neurologic sequelae was 18 points, and each of them was subdivided into motor function (6 points total), sensory function (2 points total), balance sensory function (6 points total), and reflex function (4 points total). Aftereffects were assigned to the items, they were summed.
- the modified neurological severity score scale is described by Chen et al., 2001. Intravenous administration of human umbilical cord blood reduces behavioral deficits after stroke in rats.Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation 32: 2682-2688. The reported analytical method was used.
- mice were removed from mice that had completed neurological sequelae, stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium (TTC), and cerebral infarct volume was measured and analyzed using ImageJ (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). It was.
- a and B are photographs and numerical values, respectively, of the volume of infarcts in the brain, and C is a numerical value of neurological sequelae.
- C is a numerical value of neurological sequelae.
- the cerebral infarction volume was statistically significantly reduced by the compounds according to the present invention.
- the neurological comparison was compared with the control group treated with the vehicle. It can be seen that the sequelae decreased.
- the compound 9a and the compound 9d according to the present invention can be effectively used as a pharmaceutical composition containing it as an active ingredient, confirming that it can effectively treat cerebral ischemia by effectively reducing brain injury occurring in cerebral ischemia.
- Compound 9i according to the present invention was evaluated for the symptoms and efficacy of dosing in experimental mice (7-8 weeks old) that induced psoriasis through the application of imiquimod skin (Imiquimod).
- imiquimod-induced psoriasis experiments use Aldara cream containing 5% imiquimod.
- Psoriasis is caused by daily application of 62.5 mg of cream to the back and right ears of mice anesthetized with isoflurane for 7 days (for normal control, petrolatum instead of aldala cream).
- compound 9i (10 mg / kg in 1% DMSO in 10% Tween 80, po) was administered to experimental mice once a day for 6 days, and 1% dimethyl sulfoxide in which compound 9i was dissolved (
- a 10% Tween 80 solution (10 mL / kg, po) containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was equally administered to mice as a negative control.
- PASI Psoriasis area and severity index
- Figure 4 is a drug evaluation results for psoriasis using the compound according to the present invention.
- A is a photograph of skin condition on the last day of the experiment by administering vehicle (10% Tween80, po) containing 1% DMSO or compound 9i (10 mg / kg, po) to mice coated with petroleum jelly and psoriasis. Skin erythema and skin scaling symptom scores are shown, respectively, and D shows the result of thickness measurement of the right ear with Aldara cream.
- the compound 9i according to the present invention can be usefully used as a pharmaceutical composition containing it as an active ingredient to confirm that it can effectively prevent or treat psoriasis by effectively reducing the severity of psoriasis.
- Compound 9a, 9d, 9h, 9g, and 9i in male Balb / c mice were suspended in 0.5% methylcellulose solution, respectively, in single oral doses at doses of 0.5g / kg, 1g / kg, and 2g / kg. The viability and body weight of the mice were examined for 7 days after administration.
- the compounds of the present invention do not show a change in toxicity in rats up to 2 g / kg, therefore, the median lethal dose (LD50) of oral administration was determined to be a safe substance of more than 2 g / kg.
- a powder was prepared by mixing 20 mg of compound 9a, 100 mg of lactose and 10 mg of talc and filling into an airtight bag.
- Tablets were prepared by mixing 20 mg of compound 9a, 100 mg of corn starch, 100 mg of lactose and 2 mg of magnesium stearate, followed by compression according to a conventional method for preparing tablets.
- Compound 9a 10 mg, PEG-4000 250 mg, PEG-400 650 mg, white petrolatum 10 mg, paraoxybenzoic acid methyl 1.44 mg, 0.18 mg of paraoxybenzoic acid propyl and the remaining amount of purified water were prepared according to the conventional method for preparing an ointment. It was.
- Compound 9a 1 mg, vitamin mixture (70 mg of vitamin A acetate, 1.0 mg of vitamin E, vitamin B 1 0.13 mg, vitamin B 2 0.15 mg, vitamin B 6 0.5 mg, vitamin B 12 0.2 ⁇ g, vitamin C 10 mg, biotin 10 ⁇ g, nicotinic acid amide 1.7 mg, folic acid 50 ⁇ g, calcium pantothenate 0.5 mg and mineral mixture (1.75 mg ferrous sulfate, 0.82 mg zinc oxide, 25.3 mg magnesium carbonate, 15 mg potassium monophosphate, calcium diphosphate dibasic) 55 mg, potassium citrate 90 mg, calcium carbonate 100 mg, magnesium chloride 24.8 mg) were mixed, granules were prepared, and health food was prepared according to a conventional method.
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Abstract
본 발명은 페닐아세트산 유도체 및 이를 유효성분으로 함유하는 자가면역질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물 및 건강기능식품 조성물을 제공한다. 본 발명에 따른 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염은 LPA1(Lysophosphatidic acid 1) 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 가질 수 있어, LPA1 관련 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물 및 건강기능식품 조성물로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 또한, 상기 약학조성물 및 건강기능식품 조성물로 자가면역질환 뿐만 아니라, 발생기전이 유사한 타 면역관련질환도 효과적으로 예방 또는 치료할 수 있다.
Description
본 발명은 페닐아세트산 유도체 및 이를 유효성분으로 함유하는 자가면역질환 예방 또는 치료용 조성물에 관한 것이다.
자가면역질환은 생체 자체의 물질을 항원으로 오인하여 비정상적인 면역 반응을 유발시키는 질환으로, 건선, 쇼그렌 증후군, 염증성 장질환, 류마티스성 관절염, 다발성경화증, 시신경척수염, 길렝바레 증후군, 그레이브스병, 베체트병 등이 있다.
자가면역질환의 주 원인은 림프구가 조직으로 이동하여 자가면역체계에 이상이 촉발되는 것으로 여겨지고 있으나, 각 질환에 대한 명확한 발병기전은 아직 알려져 있지 않다.
최근, 효율적 면역억제에 초점을 두고, 세포수준(림프구 및 질환 병변 조직에서 면역반응을 담당하는 세포종들의 활성화 억제) 및 분자수준에서의 면역억제를 핵심으로 자가면역질환 치료제 개발 연구가 진행되고 있다.
리소포스파티딘산(Lysophosphatidic acid; LPA)과 스핑고신 1-인산(sphingosine 1-phosphate; S1P)으로 대변되는 리소인지질은 오랫동안 세포막 성분의 인지질 대사체로 여겨져 왔으나, 현재는 G 단백질 연결 수용체(G protein-coupled receptor; GPCR)로 분류되는 리소인지질 수용체 활성화를 통해 다양한 생체 기능을 조절하는 중요한 세포외 신호물질로 보고되었다.
그 중, LPA1은 리소인지질 수용체 중 최초로 규명된 수용체로(1996년 규명) 신경계 발달을 조절하는 핵심인자이며, 최근 연구들을 통해 다양한 질환에서의 중요성이 규명되고 있으며, LPA1의 T 세포 기능 조절을 통한 면역반응 조절이 주목받고 있다. 여러 연구 자료를 통해 밝혀진 LPA1의 신호 전달 매커니즘, 생체 내 조직과의 유기적 시스템 등이 쇼그렌증후군, 뇌졸중, 건선, 염증성 장질환, 당뇨병성 신증 및 섬유증, 전신경화증과 같은 자가면역질환 뿐만 아니라, 신경 정신계 장애, 신경성 통증, 불임, 심혈관 질환, 및 암을 포함하는 다양한 질환의 치료를 위한 중요 데이터가 되고 있다.(참고 문헌 Park et al, “Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor ameliorates Sjogren's syndrome in NOD mice” Oncotarget. 2017, 8(16), 27240-27251, Yung et al, “LPA receptor signaling: pharmacology, physiology, and pathophysiology“ J Lipid Res. 2014, 55, 1192-1214, Choi et al. "LPA receptors: subtypes and biological actions” Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2010;50:157-86. Debendra Pattanaik et al, "A Role for Lysophosphatidic Acid and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis" Discov Med 10(51):161-167, August 2010.)
현재 스테로이드와 사이클로스포린(Cyclosporine), 라파마이신(Rapamycin), 메토트렉세이트(Methotrexate), 사이클로포스파미드(Cyclophosphamide), IV 면역글로불린(IV Immunoglobulin), 아자티오프린(Axathioprine), 인플릭시맙(Infliximab) 등의 다양한 면역억제제의 복합요법으로 치료하고 있지만, 대부분 지속적인 염증과 잦은 재발이 발생하고 있고 치료에 따른 전신적인 부작용도 많이 발생하고 있다.
특히, 희귀성 자가면역질환은 환자 수가 적은 반면, 적용하는 치료제의 비용이 매우 고가여서 환자들의 경제적인 부담이 매우 크고, 장기간의 치료를 필요로 하기에 비용적 부담이 더 커지고 있다. 국내에서 희귀성 자가면역질환의 환자 수가 증가하고 있는 추세이지만, 뚜렷한 치료제가 없고 완치율이 낮아 여전히 경제적·사회적 문제가 되고 있다.
상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 본 발명은 페닐아세트산 유도체를 제공한다.
본 발명은 상기 페닐아세트산 유도체를 유효성분으로 함유하는 자가면역질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물을 제공한다.
본 발명은 상기 페닐아세트산 유도체를 유효성분으로 함유하는 자가면역질환 개선 또는 예방용 건강기능식품 조성물을 제공한다.
본 발명에 따른 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염은,
[화학식 1]
상기 식에서, R1 및 R2는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C4)알콕시, 할로겐, 니트로 또는 하기 화학식 2의 치환기에서 선택되거나, R1과 R2가 연결되어 5환의 헤테로고리를 형성하고,
[화학식 2]
이때, R3 및 R4는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C4)알콕시, 트리플로로메틸, 페녹시, 할로겐 또는 니트로에서 선택되거나, R3와 R4가 연결되어 5환의 헤테로고리를 형성할 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 LPA1 관련 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물은 상기 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 함유하며, LPA1 (Lysophosphatidic acid 1) 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 가질 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 LPA1 관련 질환 개선 또는 예방용 건강기능식품 조성물은 상기 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 함유하며, LPA1 (Lysophosphatidic acid 1) 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 가질 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 페닐아세트산 유도체는 LPA1 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 가지므로, 뇌졸중, 건선, 쇼그렌증후군, 염증성 장질환, 당뇨병성 신증 및 섬유증 등의 LPA1 관련 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물 및 건강기능식품 조성물로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 LPA1 관련 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물 및 건강기능식품 조성물을 통해 자가면역질환을 효과적으로 예방 및 치료할 수 있다. 또한, 상기 자가면역질환 뿐만 아니라, 발생기전이 유사한 타 면역관련질환 치료에도 다양하게 적용될 수 있다.
도 1은 LPA1 수용체 활성화 저해 효능을 평가한 결과이다.
도 2는 상기 도 1에서 50% 이상 LPA1 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 보인 유도체들의 IC50 값이다.
도 3은 중뇌동맥협착/재관류(tMCAO) 마우스 실험의 결과이다.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 화합물을 이용한 건선에 대한 약효 평가 결과이다.
이하, 본 발명을 상세하게 설명하기로 한다.
본 발명은 쇼그렌 증후군(sjogren’s disease), 건선(psoriasis), 다발성경화증 등의 자가면역질환 및 당뇨병성 신증(diabetic nephropathy), 뇌졸중(cerebral ischemia) 등의 비정상적인 면역반응 질환의 동물 모델(in vivo 질환 모델)을 활용한 선행 연구를 통해 LPA1이 자가면역질환 치료를 위한 신규 표적 분자로서 유용함을 검증하고, LPA1 길항작용이 있는 화합물을 발견함으로써 본 발명을 완성하였다.
본 발명은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 제공한다.
[화학식 1]
상기 화학식 1에 있어서, R1 및 R2는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C4)알콕시, 할로겐, 니트로 또는 하기 화학식 2의 치환기에서 선택된 어느 하나이거나, 또는 R1과 R2가 연결되어 5환의 헤테로고리를 형성할 수 있다.
[화학식 2]
이때, 상기 화학식 2의 치환기에서 R3 및 R4는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C4)알콕시, 트리플로로메틸, 페녹시, 할로겐 또는 니트로에서 선택된 어느 하나이거나, 또는 R3와 R4가 연결되어 5환의 헤테로고리를 형성할 수 있다. 상기 R3와 R4가 연결되어 형성된 5환의 헤테로고리는 1,3-다이옥솔 고리일 수 있다.
보다 상세하게는, 상기 화합물은 3-(5-(2-(벤조[d][1,3]다이옥솔-5-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4-메톡시페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4-브로모페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(2-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(p-톨릴)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3-메톡시페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-([1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3-니트로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3-플로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4-플로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 및 3-(5-(2-(3,4-디클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나일 수 있다.
상기 화합물은 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염일 수 있다.
[화학식 3]
상기 화학식 3에 있어서, R1 및 R2는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C4)알콕시, 트리플로로메틸, 페녹시, 할로겐 또는 니트로에서 선택된 어느 하나이거나, R1과 R2가 연결되어 5환의 헤테로고리를 형성할 수 있다.
상기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물은 R1 및 R2는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C2)알콕시, 트리플로로메틸, 페녹시 또는 플로로에서 선택된 어느 하나이거나, R1과 R2가 연결되어 1,3-다이옥솔 고리를 형성할 수 있다.
보다 상세하게는, 상기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물은 3-(5-(2-(4'-메톡시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3'-메톡시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-페녹시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3'-플로로-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-플로로-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-(터트-부틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-(트리플로로메틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-메틸-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 및 3-(5-(2-(4-(벤조[d][1,3]다이옥솔-5-일)페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나일 수 있다.
본 발명은 상기 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염 중 어느 하나를 유효성분으로 함유하고, LPA1(Lysophosphatidic acid 1) 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 LPA1 관련 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물을 제공한다.
상기 LPA1 관련 질환은 뇌졸중, 건선, 쇼그렌증후군, 염증성 장질환, 당뇨병성 신증 및 섬유증으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나일 수 있고, 이에 제한되는 것은 아니다.
본 발명에 따른 약학조성물은 상기 제형에 따라 약학적으로 허용가능한 적절한 담체, 부형제 또는 희석제를 더 포함하여 제조할 수 있다. 상기 "약학적으로 허용가능한"이란, 상기 약학조성물에 노출되는 세포나 인간에게 독성이 없는 특성을 나타내는 것을 의미한다.
본 발명에서 사용가능한 담체, 부형제 또는 희석제로는, 락토즈, 덱스트로즈, 수크로스, 솔비톨, 만니톨, 자일리톨, 에리스리톨, 말티톨, 전분, 아카시아 고무, 알지네이트, 젤라틴, 칼슘 포스페이트, 칼슘 실리케이트, 셀룰로즈, 메틸 셀룰로즈, 미정질 셀룰로스, 폴리비닐 피롤리돈, 물, 메틸히드록시벤조에이트, 프로필히드록시벤조에이트, 탈크, 마그네슘 스테아레이트 또는 광물유 등을 들 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 약학조성물은 각각 통상의 방법에 따라 산제, 과립제, 정제, 캡슐제, 현탁액, 에멀젼, 시럽, 에어로졸 등의 경구형 제형, 외용제, 좌제 및 멸균 주사용액의 형태로 제형화하여 사용될 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 약학조성물을 상기 형태로 제제화할 경우에는 보통 사용하는 충진제, 증량제, 결합제, 습윤제, 붕해제, 계면활성제 등의 희석제 또는 부형제를 사용하여 조제될 수 있다. 경구투여를 위한 고형제제에는 정제, 환제, 산제, 과립제, 캡슐제 등이 포함되며, 이러한 고형제제는 상기 화합물은 적어도 하나 이상의 부형제, 예를 들면, 전분, 칼슘카보네이트(calciumcarbonate), 수크로스(sucrose) 또는 락토오스(lactose), 젤라틴 등을 섞어 조제할 수 있다.
또한 단순한 부형제 이외에 마그네슘 스테아레이트, 탈크 같은 윤활제들도 사용될 수 있다. 경구를 위한 액상 제제로는 현탁제, 내용액제, 유제, 시럽제 등이 해당되는데 흔히 사용되는 단순희석제인 물, 리퀴드 파라핀 이외에 여러 가지 부형제, 예를 들면 습윤제, 감미제, 방향제, 보존제 등이 포함될 수 있다.
비경구 투여를 위한 제제에는 멸균된 수용액, 비수성용제, 현탁제, 유제, 동결건조 제제, 좌제가 포함된다. 비수성용제, 현탁제로는 프로필렌글리콜(propylene glycol), 폴리에틸렌 글리콜, 올리브 오일과 같은 식물성 기름, 에틸올레이트와 같은 주사 가능한 에스테르 등이 사용될 수 있다. 좌제의 기제로는 위텝솔(witepsol), 마크로골, 트윈(tween) 61, 카카오지, 라우린지, 글리세로제라틴 등이 사용될 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 약학조성물에 있어서, 상기 약학조성물은 약학적으로 유효한 양으로 투여될 수 있다. 상기 "약학적으로 유효한 양"이란, 의학적 치료에 적용 가능한 합리적인 수혜/위험 비율로 질환을 치료하기에 충분하며 부작용을 일으키지 않을 정도의 양을 의미하며, 유효 용량 수준은 환자의 건강상태, 궤양의 종류, 중증도, 약물의 활성, 약물에 대한 민감도, 투여 방법, 투여 시간, 투여 경로 및 배출 비율, 치료기간, 배합 또는 동시 사용되는 약물을 포함한 요소 및 기타 의학 분야에 잘 알려진 요소에 따라 결정될 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 약학조성물의 유효성분인 화합물의 사용량은 환자의 나이, 성별, 체중, 질환에 따라 달라질 수 있으나, 0.001 내지 100mg/kg으로, 바람직하게는 0.01 내지 10mg/kg을 일일 1회 내지 수회 투여할 수 있다. 또한, 본 발명에 따른 화합물의 투여량은 투여경로, 질병의 정도, 성별, 체중, 나이 등에 따라서 증감될 수 있다. 따라서, 상기 투여량은 어떠한 면으로든 본 발명의 범위를 한정하는 것은 아니다.
상기 약학조성물은 쥐, 생쥐, 가축, 인간 등의 포유동물에 다양한 경로로 투여될 수 있다. 투여의 모든 방식은 예상될 수 있는데, 예를 들면, 경구, 직장 또는 정맥, 근육, 피하, 기관지내 흡입, 자궁내 경막 또는 뇌혈관내(intracere-broventricular) 주사에 의해 투여될 수 있다.
본 발명은 상기 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 함유하고, LPA1(Lysophosphatidic acid 1) 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 LPA1 관련 질환 개선 또는 예방용 건강기능식품 조성물을 제공한다.
상기 LPA1 관련 질환은 뇌졸중, 건선, 쇼그렌증후군, 염증성 장질환, 당뇨병성 신증 및 섬유증으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나일 수 있고, 이에 제한되는 것은 아니다.
본 발명에 따른 건강기능식품은 분말, 과립, 정제, 캡슐, 시럽 또는 음료의 형태로 제공될 수 있고, 상기 건강기능식품은 유효성분인 본 발명에 따른 화합물 이외에 다른 식품 또는 식품 첨가물과 함께 사용되고, 통상적인 방법에 따라 적절하게 사용될 수 있다. 유효성분의 혼합양은 그의 사용 목적, 예를 들어, 예방, 건강 또는 치료적 처치에 따라 적합하게 결정될 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 건강기능식품에 함유된 상기 화합물의 유효용량은 상기 약학조성물의 유효용량에 준해서 사용할 수 있으나, 건강 및 위생을 목적으로 하거나 또는 건강 조절을 목적으로 하는 장기간의 섭취의 경우에는 상기 범위 이하일 수 있으며, 유효성분은 안전성 면에서 아무런 문제가 없기 때문에 상기 범위 이상의 양으로도 사용될 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 건강기능식품의 종류에는 특별한 제한이 없고, 예로는 육류, 소세지, 빵, 쵸코렛, 캔디류, 스넥류, 과자류, 피자, 라면, 기타 면류, 껌류, 아이스크림류를 포함한 낙농제품, 각종 스프, 음료수, 차, 드링크제, 알콜 음료 및 비타민 복합제 등을 들 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 상기 화합물은 약학적으로 허용 가능한 염의 형태로 사용할 수 있으며, 상기 염은 약학적으로 허용 가능한 염기성 염 또는 산성염 중 어느 하나의 형태로 사용할 수 있다.
염기성 염은 유기염기염, 무기염기염 중 어느 하나의 형태로 사용할 수 있으며, 나트륨염, 칼륨염, 칼슘염, 리튬염, 마그네슘염, 세슘염, 아미늄(aminium)염, 암모늄염, 트리에칠아미늄염 및 피리디늄염으로 이루어진 군에서 선택될 수 있으나, 이에 제한되는 것은 아니다.
산성 염은 유리산(free acid)에 의해 형성된 산부가염이 유용하다. 유리산으로는 무기산과 유기산을 사용할 수 있으며, 무기산으로는 염산, 브롬산, 황산, 아황산, 인산 등을 사용할 수 있고, 유기산으로는 구연산, 초산, 말레산, 퓨마르산, 글루코산, 메탄설폰산, 벤젠설폰산, 캠퍼설폰산, 옥살산, 말론산, 글루타릭산, 아세트산, 글리콘산, 석신산, 타타르산, 4-톨루엔설폰산, 갈락투론산, 엠본산, 글루탐산, 시트르산, 아스파르탄산 등을 사용할 수 있다. 바람직하게는 무기산으로는 염산, 유기산으로는 메탄설폰산을 사용할 수 있다.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 상기 화합물은 약학적으로 허용되는 염뿐만 아니라, 통상의 방법에 의해 제조될 수 있는 모든 염, 수화물 및 용매화물을 모두 포함할 수 있다.
본 발명에 따른 부가염은 통상의 방법으로 제조할 수 있으며, 예를 들면 상기 화학식 1 내지 상기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 화합물을 수혼화성 유기용매, 예를 들면 아세톤, 메탄올, 에탄올, 또는 아세토니트릴 등에 녹이고 과량의 유기염기를 가하거나 무기염기의 염기 수용액을 가한 후 침전시키거나 결정화시켜서 제조할 수 있다. 또는 이 혼합물에서 용매나 과량의 염기를 증발시킨 후 건조시켜서 부가염을 얻거나 또는 석출된 염을 흡인 여과시켜 제조할 수 있다.
이하, 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위하여 실시예를 들어 상세하게 설명하기로 한다. 다만 하기의 실시예는 본 발명의 내용을 예시하는 것일 뿐 본 발명의 범위가 하기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다. 본 발명의 실시예는 당업계에서 평균적인 지식을 가진 자에게 본 발명을 보다 완전하게 설명하기 위해 제공되는 것이다.
<실험방법>
TCI, Sigma Aldrich, Alfa Aesar에서 실험에 필요한 모든 시약을 순도 97% 이상으로 구입하였다. 실험을 수행하기 전, 아세톤으로 반응에 사용될 유리 기구를 충분히 세척한 후 60℃ 오븐에서 건조하였고 질소 기류하에서 실험을 진행하였다. 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane), 테트라하이드로퓨란(Tetrahydrofuran), 메탄올(Methanol), 아세톤(Acetone), 톨루엔(toluene), 디에틸에테르(Diethyl ether), 에틸아세테이트(Ethyl acetate), 헥산(Hexane)은 대정화금에서 구입하였고, 무수 용매의 경우 Sigma Aldrich에서 구입하였다. TLC에서 UV 램프와 발색 시약인 AA, CAM, 과망간산칼륨(KMnO4), 닌하이드린(Ninhydrin)을 사용하여 반응의 진행을 확인하였다. H NMR, C NMR Spectra는 BRUKER Ascend 600 spectrometer와 Varian VnmrS-400을 사용하였고, 분석을 위해서 CDCl3와 DMSO-d6를 용매로 사용하여 측정하였다. 화학적 이동(Chemical shift)값은 ppm 단위로 나타내었고, 결합 상수(Coupling constants)(J)는 Hz 단위로 나타내었다.
<실시예 1>
모핵 테트라하이드로피라졸로피라진(Tetrahydropyrazolopyrazine)의 합성
[반응식 1]
상기 반응식 1은 본 발명에 따른 핵심 모핵인 테트라하이드로피라졸로피라진을 합성하는 과정으로, 상기 반응식 1과 같은 방법으로, 프로파르길아민(Propargylamine)을 출발 물질로 하여 하기 방법에 따라 테트라하이드로피라졸로피라진(Tetrahydropyrazolopyrazine)의 합성이 수행되었다.
<실시예 1-1> 4-메틸-N-(프로프-2-인-1-일)벤젠설폰아미드[4-methyl-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide]
0℃에서 디클로로메탄(Dichloromethane, 7.5ml)에 프로파르길아민(Propargylamine, 0.5ml, 7.81mmol)과 트리에틸아민(Triethylamine;TEA 1.3ml, 9.37mmol)을 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성하였다. 디클로로메탄(22.5ml)에 녹아있는 파라-톨루엔 설포닐 클로라이드(p-Toluene Sulfonyl Chloride, 1.49g, 7.81mmol)를 상기 혼합물에 한 방울씩 떨어뜨리면서 첨가한 후, 실온에서 5시간 동안 교반하였다. 교반을 종료한 후, 물을 첨가하여 반응을 종결하고 디클로로메탄을 통해 생성물을 추출하였다. 소듐 설페이트(Sodium Sulfate)를 이용해 물을 제거하고, 여과액을 감압 농축하였다. 그 후 칼럼 크로마토그래피로 분리 정제하여 화합물 1( 1.517g, 92.84%)을 얻었다.
화합물 1 : 1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.78 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 3.83 (dd, J = 6.1, 2.5 Hz, 2H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 1H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 143.88, 136.49, 129.72, 127.41, 77.95, 73.02, 32.89, 21.58.
<실시예 1-2> N-(2-클로로에틸)-4-메틸-N-(프로프-2-인-1-일)벤젠설폰아미드[N-(2-chloroethyl)-4-methyl-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide]
아세톤(Acetone, 30ml)에 상기 화합물 1(1.517g, 7.25mmol)과 포타슘 카보네이트(Potassium Carbonate, 1.2g, 8.7mmol)를 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성하였다. 그 후, 상기 혼합물에 1-브로모-2-클로로에탄(1-bromo-2-chloroethane, 1.2ml, 14.5mmol)을 한 방울씩 첨가한 뒤, 3시간 동안 환류시켰다. 냉각 후, 에틸아세테이트(Ethyl acetate)를 통해 생성물을 추출하고 마그네슘 설페이트(Magnesium Sulfate)를 통해 물을 제거하였다. 여과액을 감압 농축한 뒤, 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 2(1.29g, 65.48%)을 얻었다.
화합물 2 : 1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.74 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.31 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 4.19 (s, 2H), 3.70 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.50 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.11 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 143.99, 135.48, 129.69, 127.66, 76.64, 74.17, 48.30, 41.78, 38.16, 21.58.
<실시예 1-3> 에틸 5-토실-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-카르복시레이트 [Ethyl 5-tosyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate]
톨루엔(Toluene, 26.3ml)에 화합물 2(6.05g, 22.26mmol)와 다이아조 아세테이트(Diazoacetate, 23.7ml, 27.83mmol)를 첨가하고 140℃에서 12시간 교반하였다. 교반 후, 세슘 카보네이트(Cesium Carbonate, 10.88g, 33.4mmol)와 테트라히드로푸란(Tetrahydrofuran, 10ml)을 혼합물에 첨가하여 30분 동안 반응을 계속 진행시켰다. 반응 종료 후, 상온에서 상기 혼합물을 냉각시키고 1 노르말 염산을 첨가하여 혼합물을 중화시켰다. 생성물을 에틸 아세테이트를 통해 추출하고 마그네슘 설페이트를 통해 물을 제거하였다. 여과액을 감압 농축한 뒤, 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 3(4.215g, 54.19%)을 얻었다.
화합물 3 : 1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.73 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 4.33 (s, 1H), 4.23 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 4.18 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.60 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.32 (s, 2H), 2.50 (s, 1H), 2.40 (s, 2H), 1.25 (s, 1H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 144.03, 136.09, 129.94, 127.25, 108.44, 61.50, 49.56, 41.45, 21.56, 14.25.
<실시예 1-4> (5-토실-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)메탄올[(5-tosyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)methanol]
테트라히드로푸란(10ml)에 화합물 3(1.13g, 3.23mmol)과 수소화 알루미늄 리튬(Lithium aluminium hydride, 159mg, 4.2mmol)을 0℃에서 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성하였다. 그 후, 상온에서 상기 혼합물을 한 시간동안 교반하였다. 반응 종료 후, 1 노르말 염산을 첨가하여 중화시키고 디클로로메탄을 통해 생성물을 추출하였다. 추출한 생성물에 마그네슘 설페이트를 첨가하여 물을 제거한 뒤, 여과액을 감압 농축하고 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 4(940mg, 94%)를 얻었다.
화합물 4 : 1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.71 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.36 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.02 (s, 1H), 4.61 (m, 2H), 4.30 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 2H), 4.18 (m, 2H), 3.56 (m, 2H), 2.44 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 144.52, 134.70, 132.74, 130.05, 127.70, 100.47, 100.45, 58.86, 58.81, 46.82, 43.76, 43.28, 30.95, 21.59.
<실시예 1-5> 에틸 (E)-3-(5-토실-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)아크릴레이트[Ethyl (E)-3-(5-tosyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrazin-2-yl)acrylate]
디클로로메탄(10ml)에 디메틸 설폭시드(Dimethyl sulfoxide, 4.43ml, 61.8mmol)를 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성하였다. 그 후, -60℃에서 디클로로메탄 (15ml)에 녹아있는 옥살릴 클로라이드(Oxalyl chloride, 2.651ml, 30.9mmol)를 상기 혼합물에 한 방울씩 첨가하였다. 5분 후, 화합물 4(1.9g, 6.18mmol)를 상기 혼합물에 첨가하고 1시간 동안 반응을 계속 진행하였다. 반응종료 후, 혼합물의 온도를 상온에 근접하게 만들고 디클로로메탄을 통해 생성물을 추출하였다. 추출한 생성물에 마그네슘 설페이트를 첨가하여 물을 제거한 뒤, 여과액을 감압 농축하고 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 5(1.34g, 60%)를 얻었다.
화합물 5 : 1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.71 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (d, J = 16.1 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 6.35 (d, J = 16.1 Hz, 1H), 6.25 (s, 1H), 4.33 (s, 2H), 4.23 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 4H), 3.59 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 2H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 1.31 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 166.80, 148.18, 144.62, 136.06, 135.13, 132.71, 130.09, 127.70, 119.60, 101.14, 60.49, 47.23, 43.66, 43.17, 21.59, 14.28.
<실시예 1-6> 에틸 3-(5-토실-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로파노에이트 [Ethyl 3-(5-tosyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrazin-2-yl)propanoate]
메탄올(Methanol, 20ml)에 화합물 5(1.3g, 3.46mmol)와 10% Pd/C(0.1g)을 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성하고, 수소기류하에 상온에서 2시간 동안 교반하였다. 반응 종료 후, 셀라이트를 통해 혼합물을 여과하였다. 여과액을 감압 농축하고 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 6(1g, 76%)을 얻었다.
화합물 6 : 1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.70 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 5.84 (d, J = 1.0 Hz, 1H), 4.27 (s, 2H), 4.14 (m, 2H), 3.54 (m, 2H), 2.89 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.61 (dd, J = 8.0, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 1.24 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 172.89, 151.73, 134.20, 132.76, 129.99, 127.71, 100.67, 60.41, 46.63, 43.83, 43.28, 33.96, 23.51, 21.58, 14.23.
<실시예 1-7> 메틸 3-(4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로파노에이트 [Methyl 3-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl) propanoate]
메탄올 (6ml)에 화합물 6 (388mg, 1.03mmol)과 마그네슘 파우더 (247mg, 10.3mmol)을 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성한다. 그 후 혼합물을 0°C에서 1시간동안 반응을 진행시킨다. 반응 종료 후, 셀라이트를 통해 혼합물을 여과한다. 여과액을 감압 농축하고 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 7(283mg, 73%), 본 발명에 따른 화합물의 핵심 모핵인 테트라하이드로피라졸로피라진을 얻었다.
화합물 7 : 1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 5.78 (s, 1H), 4.05 (s, 2H), 4.01 (s, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.28 (s, 2H), 2.93 (m, 2H), 2.67 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 173.53, 150.64, 138.07, 99.55, 51.62, 47.61, 43.62, 43.01, 33.90, 23.59.
<실시예 2> 모핵과 페닐아세트산 유도체의 합성
[반응식 2]
상기 반응식 2는 본 발명에 따른 핵심 모핵인 테트라하이드로피라졸로피라진과 페닐아세트산 유도체 13종을 합성하는 과정으로, 상기 반응식 2와 같은 방법으로, 화합물 7의 테트라하이드로피라졸로피라진과 다양하게 치환된 페닐아세트산 13종을 아미드 커플링(amide coupling) 반응하여, 화합물 8a~8m을 합성하고, 메틸 에스터(methyl ester)를 가수분해하여 화합물 9a~9m의 13종을 합성하였다.
<실시예 2-1> 아미드 커플링 반응(8a~8m)
디클로로메탄(0.5ml)에 화합물 7(50mg, 0.224mmol), 산(45mg, 0.269mmol), 및 트리에틸아민(0.13ml, 0.896mmol)을 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성하였다. 상기 생성된 혼합물에 하이드록시벤조트리아졸(Hydroxybenzotriazol, 37mg, 0.269mmol), 1-에틸-3-(3-디메틸아미노프로필)카르보디이미드(1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, 52mg, 0.269mmol)를 첨가하고 상온에서 12시간 교반하였다. 반응 종료 후, 디클로로메탄을 통해 생성물을 추출하였다. 추출한 생성물에 마그네슘 설페이트를 첨가하여 물을 제거한 뒤, 여과액을 감압 농축하고 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 8 이미드(40mg, 42%)를 얻었다.
<실시예 2-2> 가수분해(9a~9m)
테트라히드로푸란(3ml)에 화합물 8a(40mg, 0.1mmol)를 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성하였다. 그 후, 물(1ml)에 녹아있는 수산화리튬(Lithium hydroxide, 55mg, 1.3mmol)을 첨가하고 상온에서 12시간 동안 교반하였다. 반응 종료 후, 1 노르말 염산을 첨가하여 중화시키고 디클로로메탄을 통해 생성물을 추출하였다. 추출한 생성물에 마그네슘 설페이트를 첨가하여 물을 제거한 뒤, 여과액을 감압 농축하고 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 9a (32mg, 90%)를 얻었다. 동일한 방법으로 화합물 8b~8m으로부터 화합물 9b~9m을 얻었다.
[화합물 9a~9m]
1) 화합물 9a : 3-(5-(2-(벤조[d][1,3]다이옥솔-5-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 6.75 (s, 2H), 6.67 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 5.95 (s, 2H), 5.88 (d, J = 36.8 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (s, 1H), 4.64 (s, 1H), 4.09 (d, J = 43.5 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (s, 1H), 3.86 (s, 1H), 3.72 (d, J = 24.5 Hz, 2H), 2.92 (s, 2H), 2.70 (s, 2H).
2) 화합물 9b : 3-(5-(2-(4-메톡시페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.15 (m, 2H), 6.86 (m, 2H), 5.87 (d, J = 46.3 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J = 87.7 Hz, 2H), 4.09 (d, J = 42.6 Hz, 2H), 3.90 (s, 1H), 3.84 (s, 1H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.75 (d, J = 25.0 Hz, 2H), 2.91 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.69 (td, J = 7.3, 2.5 Hz, 2H).
3) 화합물 9c :3-(5-(2-(4-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산 [3-(5-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.30 (td, J = 8.2, 2.6 Hz, 2H), 7.17 (dd, J = 14.9, 8.1 Hz, 2H), 5.89 (d, J = 40.8 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (d, J = 83.8 Hz, 2H), 4.10 (dd, J = 39.2, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.85 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.77 (d, J = 22.9 Hz, 2H), 2.92 (m, 2H), 2.70 (m, 2H).
4) 화합물 9d : 3-(5-(2-(4-브로모페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4-bromophenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.45 (m, 2H), 7.11 (dd, J = 14.5, 8.2 Hz, 2H), 5.89 (d, J = 40.2 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (d, J = 82.7 Hz, 2H), 4.09 (m, 2H), 3.93 (dt, J = 100.4, 5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.76 (d, J = 22.3 Hz, 2H), 2.92 (td, J = 7.4, 2.5 Hz, 2H), 2.69 (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H).
5) 화합물 9e : 3-(5-(2-(2-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(2-chlorophenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.40 (ddt, J = 8.3, 5.3, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.24 (m, 2H), 5.91 (d, J = 26.5 Hz, 1H), 4.76 (d, J = 59.0 Hz, 2H), 4.13 (dt, J = 38.0, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 4.05 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.91 (m, 3H), 2.94 (m, 2H), 2.72 (m, 2H).
6) 화합물 9f : 3-(5-(2-(3-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(3-chlorophenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.26 (m, 4H), 7.13 (m, 1H), 5.90 (d, J = 36.4 Hz, 1H), 4.72 (d, J = 85.5 Hz, 2H), 4.11 (dt, J = 43.6, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 4.02 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.86 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.79 (d, J = 22.9 Hz, 2H), 2.93 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.71 (td, J = 7.2, 4.4 Hz, 2H).
7) 화합물 9g : 3-(5-(2-(p-톨릴)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(p-tolyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.12 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 4H), 5.88 (d, J = 45.9 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J = 92.5 Hz, 2H), 4.09 (dt, J = 47.2, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.87 (dt, J = 46.2, 5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (d, J = 25.0 Hz, 2H), 2.91 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.68 (td, J = 7.3, 2.8 Hz, 2H), 2.32 (s, 3H).
8) 화합물 9h : 3-(5-(2-(3-메톡시페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(3-methoxyphenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.23 (m, 1H), 6.79 (m, 3H), 5.87 (d, J = 52.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J = 93.9 Hz, 2H), 4.09 (dt, J = 47.8, 5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.88 (dt, J = 64.5, 5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.78 (m, 5H), 2.91 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.67 (m, 2H).
9) 화합물 9i : 3-(5-(2-([1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.56 (m, 4H), 7.43 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (m, 3H), 5.89 (d, J = 38.1 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (d, J = 78.0 Hz, 2H), 4.11 (dt, J = 50.8, 5.4 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 3.85 (m, 3H), 2.92 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.67 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H).
10) 화합물 9j : 3-(5-(2-(3-니트로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(3-nitrophenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.12 (s, 1H), 8.13 (m, 2H), 7.70 (m, 1H), 7.60 (q, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 5.94 (s, 1H), 4.75 (d, J = 100.7 Hz, 2H), 4.12 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (m, 4H), 3.93 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 2.73 (q, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.52 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H).
11) 화합물 9k :3-(5-(2-(3-플로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(3-fluorophenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.31 (m, 1H), 6.99 (m, 3H), 5.90 (d, J = 40.3 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (d, J = 89.6 Hz, 2H), 4.11 (m, 2H), 3.98 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 3.86 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (d, J = 24.7 Hz, 2H), 2.93 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.72 (td, J = 7.1, 3.0 Hz, 2H).
12) 화합물 9l : 3-(5-(2-(4-플로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.20 (ddd, J = 15.1, 8.2, 5.3 Hz, 2H), 7.01 (m, 2H), 5.88 (d, J = 38.0 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (d, J = 76.3 Hz, 2H), 4.08 (m, 2H), 3.97 (s, 1H), 3.85 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 3.77 (d, J = 23.4 Hz, 2H), 2.90 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 2.68 (s, 2H).
13) 화합물 9m : 3-(5-(2-(3,4-디클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.37 (dd, J = 10.4, 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (dd, J = 15.1, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (ddd, J = 12.8, 8.2, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 5.90 (d, J = 26.8 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (d, J = 62.4 Hz, 2H), 4.12 (dt, J = 21.6, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.95 (dt, J = 111.3, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.73 (d, J = 19.5 Hz, 2H), 2.90 (dt, J = 7.5, 3.7 Hz, 2H), 2.66 (td, J = 7.4, 5.2 Hz, 2H).
<실시예 3> 바이페닐아세트산 유도체 합성
<실시예 3-1> 바이페닐아세트산 합성(12a~12i)
바이페닐아세트산(Biphenylacetic acid) 유도체를 합성하기 위해서 하기 반응식 3과 같은 방법으로, 바이페닐아세트산을 먼저 합성하였다.
[반응식 3]
메탄올(10ml)에 4-브로모페닐아세트산(4-Bromophenylacetic acid, 830mg, 3.86mmol)과 4-메틸페닐보론산(4-Methylphenylboronic acid, 500mg, 3.68mmol), 세슘 카보네이트(2.4g, 7.36mmol)을 첨가하여 혼합물을 생성하였다. 그 후 팔라듐 촉매(2.5mg)를 첨가하고 하루동안 환류시켰다. 반응 종료 후, 상기 혼합물의 온도를 상온에 근접하게 만들어 1 노르말 염산을 이용해 중화시키고 생성물을 디클로로메탄을 통해 추출하였다. 추출한 생성물에 마그네슘 설페이트를 첨가하여 물을 제거한 뒤, 여과액을 감압 농축하고 칼럼 크로마토그래피를 통해 분리 정제하여 화합물 12h(870mg, 95%)를 얻었다. 동일한 방법으로 화합물 12a~12i를 합성하였다.
[화합물 12a~12i]
1) 화합물 12a : 2-(4'-메톡시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세트산[2-(4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.52 (m, 4H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 6.98 (m, 2H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.62 (s, 2H).
2) 화합물 12b : 2-(3'-메톡시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세트산[2-(3'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.54 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.33 (dd, J = 17.4, 8.2 Hz, 3H), 7.16 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 6.88 (ddd, J = 8.2, 2.5, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.63 (s, 2H).
3) 화합물 12c : 2-(4'-페녹시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세트산[2-(4'-phenoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.36 (m, 4H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 7.03 (m, 4H), 3.64 (s, 2H).
4) 화합물 12d : 2-(3'-플로로-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세트산[2-(3'-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.57 (m, 2H), 7.42 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 4H), 3.65 (s, 2H).
5) 화합물 12e : 2-(4'-플로로-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세트산[2-(4'-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.61 (m, 2H), 7.54 (m, 2H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 3.64 (s, 2H).
6) 화합물 12f : 2-(4'-(터트-부틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세트산[2-(4'-(tert-butyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.54 (m, 4H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.33 (m, 2H), 3.63 (s, 2H), 1.34 (s, 9H).
7) 화합물 12g : 2-(4'-(트리플로로메틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세트산[2-(4'-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.80 (m, 2H), 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.64 (m, 2H), 7.41 (m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 2H).
8) 화합물 12h : 2-(4'-(메틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세트산[2-(4'-methyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.54 (m, 2H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.33 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 3.63 (s, 2H), 2.36 (s, 3H).
9) 화합물 12i : 2-(4-(벤조[d][1,3]다이옥솔-5-일)페닐)아세트산[2-(4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)phenyl)acetic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.08 (m, 2H), 6.87 (m, 1H), 5.97 (s, 2H), 3.62 (s, 2H).
<실시예 3-2> 바이페닐아세트산 유도체 합성
[반응식 4]
상기 반응식 4와 같은 방법으로, 실시예 1에서 합성된 화합물 7과 상기 화합물 12a~12i를 아미드 커플링 반응을 통해 화합물 13a~13i를 합성하였고, 메틸 에스터를 가수분해하여 화합물 14a~14i를 합성하였다. 상기 아미드 커플링 반응은 상기 실시예 2-1, 상기 가수분해는 실시예 2-2와 같다.
[화합물 14a~14i]
1) 화합물 14a : 3-(5-(2-(4'-메톡시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.53 (m, 4H), 7.33 (dd, J = 8.2, 2.9 Hz, 2H), 6.98 (dd, J = 8.6, 3.9 Hz, 2H), 5.96 (m, 1H), 4.79 (s, 2H), 4.03 (m, 3H), 3.91 (m, 3H), 3.82 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 3H), 2.83 (dt, J = 15.7, 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (dt, J = 20.2, 7.7 Hz, 2H).
2) 화합물 14b : 3-(5-(2-(3'-메톡시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(3'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.57 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 3H), 7.14 (m, 2H), 6.90 (m, 1H), 5.99 (s, 1H), 4.79 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (m, 6H), 3.83 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 3H), 2.83 (dt, J = 14.2, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (dt, J = 17.3, 7.6 Hz, 2H).
3) 화합물 14c : 3-(5-(2-(4'-페녹시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4'-phenoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.56 (m, 4H), 7.34 (m, 4H), 7.11 (tt, J = 7.4, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (m, 4H), 5.95 (d, J = 44.6 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (d, J = 11.1 Hz, 2H), 3.95 (m, 6H), 2.83 (dt, J = 14.2, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (dt, J = 17.4, 7.6 Hz, 2H).
4) 화합물 14d : 3-(5-(2-(3'-플로로-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(3'-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.60 (m, 3H), 7.38 (m, 10H), 7.08 (m, 3H), 5.96 (m, 1H), 4.80 (m, 2H), 4.04 (m, 3H), 3.93 (m, 3H), 2.84 (dt, J = 12.9, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (dt, J = 15.8, 7.6 Hz, 2H).
5) 화합물 14e : 3-(5-(2-(4'-플로로-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4'-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.34 (m, 4H), 7.15 (m, 4H), 5.96 (d, J = 45.3 Hz, 1H), 4.80 (d, J = 13.8 Hz, 2H), 4.04 (m, 3H), 3.93 (m, 3H), 2.83 (dt, J = 14.5, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (dt, J = 18.0, 7.6 Hz, 2H).
6) 화합물 14f : 3-(5-(2-(4'-(터트-부틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4'-(tert-butyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.52 (m, 3H), 7.46 (m, 2H), 7.31 (dd, J = 30.2, 8.0 Hz, 2H), 5.95 (d, J = 47.1 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (m, 6H), 2.83 (dt, J = 15.0, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (dt, J = 19.2, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.34 (s, 9H).
7) 화합물 14g : 3-(5-(2-(4'-(트리플로로메틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4'-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.80 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 3H), 7.72 (dd, J = 8.7, 3.5 Hz, 3H), 7.64 (m, 3H), 7.41 (m, 2H), 5.96 (m, 1H), 4.78 (m, 2H), 4.04 (m, 3H), 3.94 (m, 3H), 2.83 (dt, J = 13.5, 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (m, 2H).
8) 화합물 14h : 3-(5-(2-(4'-메틸-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4'-methyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.55 (m, 3H), 7.48 (dd, J = 11.1, 7.9 Hz, 3H), 7.34 (dd, J = 8.3, 2.1 Hz, 2H), 7.29 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (m, 3H), 5.95 (m, 1H), 4.80 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 2H), 4.07 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 2H), 4.01 (m, 1H), 3.92 (m, 3H), 2.83 (dt, J = 15.3, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (dt, J = 20.0, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.29 (d, J = 3.3 Hz, 2H).
9) 화합물 14i : 3-(5-(2-(4-(벤조[d][1,3]다이옥솔-5-일)페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산[3-(5-(2-(4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)phenyl)acetyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)propanoic acid]
1H NMR (600 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.28 (dd, J = 30.8, 7.9 Hz, 2H), 7.06 (m, 2H), 6.86 (dd, J = 8.0, 4.3 Hz, 1H), 5.97 (m, 3H), 4.77 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (m, 6H), 2.82 (dt, J = 15.8, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.57 (dt, J = 21.0, 7.6 Hz, 2H).
<실험예 1> LPA1 수용체 활성화 저해 효능 평가
LPA1 수용체 활성화에 대하여, 본 발명에 따른 화합물의 저해 효능 정도를 평가하기 위하여 하기와 같은 실험을 수행하였다.
인간 LPA1 수용체를 과발현 시킨 RH7777 세포에 STAT3-luciferase를 트랜스펙션(transfection)하여 화합물들의 활성을 루시페라아제(luciferase) 활성화 분석을 통해 측정하였다. 상기 수용체를 활성화 시키기 위해 2μM LPA로 처리하였고, 본 발명에 따른 화합물들은 상기 LPA 처리 30분 전에 세포에 투여되었다. 루시페라아제 활성화에 대한 분석은 상기 LPA 처리를 한 뒤 24 시간 후에 시행되었다. 이 때, 기준 물질 및 화합물의 농도는 100 nM로 하였다. (단, 기준 물질로 AM095를 사용한 경우 10μM을 처치 농도로 하였다.)
도 1은 LPA1 수용체 활성화 저해 효능을 평가한 결과이다.
도 1을 참조하면, LPA1 수용체가 비활성화 상태일 때(vehicle 처리 군(veh))를 활성 1로 하고, LPA 처리로 활성화된 값을 기준으로 약 50% 이상 활성을 저해한 화합물들을 확인할 수 있다. 화합물 9a, 화합물 9d, 화합물 9g, 화합물 9h, 및 화합물 9i의 5종의 화합물이 유효 화합물로 선정되었다.
도 2는 상기 도 1에서 50% 이상 LPA1 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 보인 유도체들의 IC50 값이다.
도 2를 참조하면, 상기 LPA1 수용체 활성화 저해 효능 평가 실험에서 유효 화합물로 선정된 상기 5종의 화합물을 농도별로 세포에 처치하여 이들 화합물들의 LPA1 활성화에 대한 IC50 값을 구하였다. 이 결과를 통해 도출된 각 화합물의 IC50 값을 기준 물질인 AM152의 IC50 값을 100%로 하고 상대적인 백분율(%)로 표시하여, 그 결과를 표 1에 나타내었다.
구분 | 화합물 | LPA1 저해 활성도(IC50, nM) | 비고 | |
IC50(nM) | AM152대비 동등활성농도 | |||
실험 set 1 | AM152 | 0.1001 | 100% | 기준물질 |
9a | 0.1334 | 85.5% | 시험물질 | |
9d | 2.1 | 4.70% | 시험물질 | |
실험 set 2 | AM152 | 0.32 | 100% | 기준물질 |
9g | 0.47 | 68.2% | 시험물질 | |
9h | 0.62 | 51.9% | 시험물질 | |
9i | 0.12 | 263% | 시험물질 |
<실험예 2> 뇌허혈에 대한 약효 평가
본 발명에 따른 화합물 9a 및 화합물 9d는 일시적 국소 뇌허혈 모델인 MCAO(middle cerebral artery occlusion) 중뇌동맥협착/재관류(tMCAO)의 실험용 마우스(7-8주생)를 대상으로 투약하여 나타나는 증상 및 약효를 평가하였다.
tMCAO는 수컷 실험용 마우스(7 주생, Orient Co., Ltd)를 90분 동안의 중대뇌동맥 폐색(MCAO) 후 재관류(reperfusion)를 발생시키고 마우스에게 각 화합물을 경구로 투약하였다.
구체적으로, MCAO는 마우스의 뇌동맥이 분기되는 부위로부터 실리콘 코팅된 단섬유(9mm 길이의 5-0 나일론 단섬유)를 삽입하여 오른쪽 중뇌동맥 혈류를 차단시켜 일으켰고, 상기 단섬유를 폐색 발생 90분 경과 후에 제거해 주어 피가 다시 흐르게 함으로서 일시적 국소뇌허혈(tMCAO)을 유도하였다. 약물 투약을 위해, 재관류 직후 tMCAO를 일으킨 마우스를 임의로 3개의 군으로 나누어 vehicle (10% Tween80, p.o.), 화합물 9a(5 mg/kg, p.o.) 또는 화합물 9d(5 mg/kg, p.o.)를 각각 투여하였고 재관류 22시간 뒤, 손상의 정도를 수치로 나타내었다.
실험이 끝난 마우스를 대상으로 먼저 신경학적 후유증을 변형된 신경학적 중증도 점수 척도(modified neurological severity score scale(mNSS))를 토대로 수치화하였다. 신경학적 후유증에 대한 총점은 18점으로 하였고, 이 중 운동기능(총 6점), 감각기능(총 2점), 균형감각기능(총 6점), 반사기능(총 4점)으로 세분화하여 각 항목에 대한 후유증 점수를 부여한 후, 합산하였다. 상기 변형된 신경학적 중증도 점수 척도는 종래문헌(Chen et al., 2001. Intravenous administration of human umbilical cord blood reduces behavioral deficits after stroke in rats. Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation 32:2682-2688.)에 의해 보고된 분석 방법을 사용하였다.
또한, 신경학적 후유증 검사를 완료한 마우스로부터 뇌를 제거하여 2,3,5-트라이페닐테트라졸륨(TTC)으로 염색한 뒤 뇌경색 부피를 측정하였고 ImageJ(NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA)를 사용해 분석하였다.
도 3은 중뇌동맥협착/재관류(tMCAO) 마우스 실험의 결과이다.
도 3을 참조하면, A와 B는 뇌에 나타난 경색 부위의 부피를 각각 사진과 수치로 나타낸 것이고, C는 신경학적 후유증을 수치로 나타낸다. 상기 A 및 B를 통해 본 발명에 따른 화합물들에 의해 뇌경색 부피가 통계적으로 유의하게 줄어든 것을 알 수 있고, 상기 C를 통해 본 발명에 따른 화합물을 투여하였을 경우 vehicle을 처리한 대조군과 비교하여 신경학적 후유증이 감소한 것을 확인할 수 있다.
따라서, 본 발명에 따른 화합물 9a 및 화합물 9d는 뇌허혈에서 발생하는 뇌손상을 효과적으로 줄임으로써 뇌허혈을 효과적으로 치료할 수 있음을 확인하여 이를 유효성분으로 함유하는 약학적 조성물로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.
<실험예 3> 건선에 대한 약효 평가
본 발명에 따른 화합물 9i는 이미퀴모드(Imiquimod) 피부 도포를 통해 건선을 유발한 실험용 마우스(7-8주생)를 대상으로 투약하여 나타나는 증상 및 약효를 평가하였다.
구체적으로, 이미퀴모드-유도 건선 실험은 5% 이미퀴모드가 함유된 알다라 크림을 사용한다. 건선은 이소플루란(isoflurane)으로 마취된 마우스의 등 부위 및 오른쪽 귀에 크림 62.5 mg을 7일간 매일 도포하여 유발시킨다(정상 대조군의 경우, 알다라 크림 대신 바셀린을 도포한다). 상기 크림을 도포한 1일째부터 화합물 9i (10 mg/kg in 1% DMSO in 10% Tween 80, p.o.)를 하루 한번 실험 마우스에게 6일 동안 투약하고, 화합물 9i를 녹인 1% 다이메틸설폭사이드(dimethyl sulfoxide; DMSO)가 함유된 10% Tween 80 용액(10 mL/kg, p.o.)을 음성 대조군으로 동등하게 마우스에 투약하여 실험하였다.
최초 화합물 투약 다음 날부터 매일 마우스에서 나타난 질병의 증상을 측정하였다. 질병의 증상은 PASI(Psoriasis area and severity index) 파라미터를 측정하였다. PASI 파라미터는 귀 두께(ear thickness), 피부 홍반(skin erythema), 피부 스케일링(skin scaling)을 포함한다.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 화합물을 이용한 건선에 대한 약효 평가 결과이다.
도 4를 참조하면, 피부 홍반 및 피부 스케일링 중증도 정도는 0에서 4까지 점수를 부여하여 평가하였다.(0=무증상, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe, 4=very severe)
A는 바셀린 도포 마우스, 건선이 발생한 실험용 마우스에 vehicle (1% DMSO 함유 10% Tween80, p.o.) 또는 화합물 9i(10 mg/kg, p.o.)를 각각 투약하여 실험 최종일 피부 상태 사진이고, B와 C는 각각 피부 홍반 및 피부 스케일링 증상 점수를 도시한 것이며, D는 알다라 크림을 도포한 오른쪽 귀의 두께 측정 결과를 도시한 것이다.
상기 B 및 상기 C의 질환 중증도 변화를 살펴보면, 화합물 9i 투약 4일 경과부터 피부 홍반 및 피부 스케일링 증상이 유의하게 감소하기 시작하여 실험 종료일까지 약효가 유지되는 것을 알 수 있고, 상기 D의 귀 두께 변화를 살펴보면, 화합물 9i 투약 시, 투약 5일과 6일째에 질환에 의해 두터워진 귀 두께가 감소됨을 알 수 있다.
이를 통해, 본 발명에 따른 화합물 9i는 건선의 중증도를 효과적으로 줄임으로써 건선을 예방하거나 치료할 수 있음을 확인하여 이를 유효성분으로 함유하는 약학적 조성물로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.
<실험예 4> 독성 평가
웅성 Balb/c 마우스에 화합물 9a, 화합물 9d, 화합물 9h, 화합물 9g, 및 화합물 9i를 0.5% 메틸셀룰로즈 용액에 각각 현탁하여 0.5g/kg, 1g/kg 및 2g/kg의 용량으로 1회 단회 경구투여하고 7일간 마우스의 생존율 및 체중을 조사하였다.
이러한 투여 후 동물의 폐사여부, 임상증상, 체중변화를 관찰하고 혈액학적 검사와 혈액생화학적 검사를 실시하였으며, 부검하여 육안으로 복강장기와 흉강장기의 이상여부를 관찰하였다.
그 결과, 모든 동물에서 특기할 만한 임상증상이나 폐사된 동물은 없었으며, 체중변화, 혈액검사, 혈액생화학검사, 부검소견 등에서도 독성변화는 관찰되지 않았다.
이상의 결과, 본 발명의 화합물들은 랫트에서 2g/㎏까지 독성변화를 나타내지 않으며, 따라서, 경구 투여 중간 치사량(LD50)은 2g/kg 이상인 안전한 물질로 판단되었다.
하기에 본 발명에 따른 화합물 9a를 포함하는 조성물의 제제예를 설명하나, 본 발명은 이를 한정하고자 함이 아닌 단지 구체적으로 설명하고자 함이다.
<처방예 1> 약학조성물의 처방예
<처방예 1-1> 산제의 제조
화합물 9a 20 mg, 유당 100 mg 및 탈크 10 mg을 혼합하고 기밀포에 충진하여 산제를 제조하였다.
<처방예 1-2> 정제의 제조
화합물 9a 20 mg, 옥수수전분 100 mg, 유당 100 mg 및 스테아린산 마그네슘 2 mg을 혼합한 후 통상의 정제의 제조방법에 따라서 타정하여 정제를 제조하였다.
<처방예 1-3> 캅셀제의 제조
화합물 9a 10 mg, 옥수수전분 100 mg, 유당 100 mg 및 스테아린산 마그네슘 2mg을 혼합한 후 통상의 캡슐제 제조방법에 따라 상기의 성분을 혼합하고 젤라틴 캡슐에 충전하여 캡슐제를 제조하였다.
<처방예 1-4> 주사제의 제조
화합물 9a 10 mg, 주사용 멸균 증류수 적량 및 pH 조절제 적량을 혼합한 후 통상의 주사제의 제조방법에 따라 1앰플당(2㎖) 상기의 성분 함량으로 제조하였다.
<처방예 1-5> 연고제의 제조
화합물 9a 10mg, PEG-4000 250mg, PEG-400 650mg, 백색바셀린 10mg, 파라옥시안식향산메칠 1.44mg, 파라옥시안식향산프로필 0.18mg 및 잔량의 정제수를 혼합한 후 통상의 연고제의 제조방법에 따라서 연고제를 제조하였다.
<처방예 2> 건강기능식품
<처방예 2-1> 건강식품의 제조
화합물 9a 1 ㎎, 비타민 혼합물 적량(비타민 A 아세테이트 70 ㎍, 비타민 E 1.0 ㎎, 비타민 B 1 0.13 ㎎, 비타민 B 2 0.15 ㎎, 비타민 B 6 0.5 ㎎, 비타민 B 12 0.2 ㎍, 비타민 C 10 ㎎, 비오틴 10 ㎍, 니코틴산아미드 1.7㎎, 엽산 50 ㎍, 판토텐산 칼슘 0.5 ㎎) 및 무기질 혼합물 적량(황산제1철 1.75 ㎎, 산화아연 0.82 ㎎, 탄산마그네슘 25.3 ㎎, 제1인산칼륨 15 ㎎, 제2인산칼슘 55 ㎎, 구연산칼륨 90 ㎎, 탄산칼슘 100 ㎎, 염화마그네슘 24.8 ㎎)을 혼합한 다음 과립을 제조하고 통상의 방법에 따라 건강식품을 제조하였다.
<처방예 2-2> 건강음료의 제조
화합물 9a 1 ㎎, 구연산 1000 ㎎, 올리고당 100 g, 매실농축액 2 g, 타우린 1 g 및 정제수를 가하여 전체 900 ㎖가 되도록 하며, 통상의 건강음료 제조방법에 따라 상기의 성분을 혼합한 다음, 약 1시간 동안 85℃에서 교반가열한 후, 만들어진 용액을 여과하여 멸균된 2 L 용기에 취득하여 밀봉 멸균한 뒤 냉장 보관하였다.
이상으로 본 발명 내용의 특정한 부분을 상세히 기술하였는 바, 당업계의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서, 이러한 구체적 기술은 단지 바람직한 실시양태일 뿐이며, 이에 의해 본 발명의 범위가 제한되는 것이 아닌 점은 명백하다. 즉, 본 발명의 실질적인 범위는 첨부된 청구항들과 그것들의 등가물에 의하여 정의된다.
Claims (10)
- 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염:[화학식 1]상기 식에서, R1 및 R2는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C4)알콕시, 할로겐, 니트로 또는 하기 화학식 2의 치환기에서 선택되거나, R1과 R2가 연결되어 5환의 헤테로고리를 형성하고,[화학식 2]이때, R3 및 R4는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C4)알콕시, 트리플로로메틸, 페녹시, 할로겐 또는 니트로에서 선택되거나, R3와 R4가 연결되어 5환의 헤테로고리를 형성함.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화합물은 R1 및 R2는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C4)알콕시, 할로겐 또는 니트로에서 선택되거나, R1과 R2가 연결되어 1,3-다이옥솔 고리를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염.
- 청구항 2에 있어서,상기 화합물은 3-(5-(2-(벤조[d][1,3]다이옥솔-5-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4-메톡시페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4-브로모페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(2-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3-클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(p-톨릴)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3-메톡시페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-([1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3-니트로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3-플로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4-플로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 및 3-(5-(2-(3,4-디클로로페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 것을 특징으로 하는, 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 화합물은 R1 및 R2는 각각 동일하거나 다를 수 있고, 수소, (C1~C4)알킬, (C1~C2)알콕시, 트리플로로메틸, 페녹시 또는 플로로에서 선택되거나, R1과 R2가 연결되어 1,3-다이옥솔 고리를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 화합물은 3-(5-(2-(4'-메톡시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3'-메톡시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-페녹시-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(3'-플로로-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-플로로-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-(터트-부틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-(트리플로로메틸)-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 3-(5-(2-(4'-메틸-[1,1'-바이페닐]-4-일)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산, 및 3-(5-(2-(4-(벤조[d][1,3]다이옥솔-5-일)페닐)아세틸)-4,5,6,7-테트라하이드로피라졸로[1,5-a]피라진-2-일)프로판산으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 것을 특징으로 하는, 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염.
- 청구항 1 내지 청구항 6 중 어느 한 항의 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 함유하며, LPA1(Lysophosphatidic acid 1) 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, LPA1 관련 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,상기 LPA1 관련 질환은 뇌졸중, 건선, 쇼그렌증후군, 염증성 장질환, 당뇨병성 신증 및 섬유증으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 것을 특징으로 하는, LPA1 관련 질환 예방 또는 치료용 약학조성물.
- 청구항 1 내지 청구항 6 중 어느 한 항의 화합물 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 함유하며, LPA1(Lysophosphatidic acid 1) 수용체 활성화 저해 효과를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, LPA1 관련 질환 개선 또는 예방용 건강기능식품 조성물.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,상기 LPA1 관련 질환은 뇌졸중, 건선, 쇼그렌증후군, 염증성 장질환, 당뇨병성 신증 및 섬유증으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 것을 특징으로 하는, LPA1 관련 질환 개선 또는 예방용 건강기능식품 조성물.
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