WO2020038673A1 - Dispositif de commutation à courant continu et utilisation de celui-ci - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation à courant continu et utilisation de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020038673A1
WO2020038673A1 PCT/EP2019/069621 EP2019069621W WO2020038673A1 WO 2020038673 A1 WO2020038673 A1 WO 2020038673A1 EP 2019069621 W EP2019069621 W EP 2019069621W WO 2020038673 A1 WO2020038673 A1 WO 2020038673A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching device
current
inductive
unit
direct
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/069621
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Heinz
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2020038673A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020038673A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC switching device for interrupting a flowing along a medium or high voltage electrical direct current Io, with egg nem switchable in this current path switching device and with a switchable circuit module for forcing a current zero crossing in the switching device, the switching module has at least one inductive unit and at least one capacitive unit and in the connected state, together with the switching device, a resonant circuit bil det.
  • a switching device i.e. a switch that uses medium and high voltage technology, such as a vacuum interrupter, requires a zero current crossing to interrupt a current. This current zero crossing is of course always given in the currently prevailing technology for the generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy by means of alternating current.
  • a DC switching device of the type mentioned at the outset is known from the publication DE 10 2014 214 956 A1.
  • This shows a DC switching device for interrupting egg nes flowing along a medium or high voltage current path, with a switchable in this current path vacuum interrupter and with a switchable circuit module to force a current zero crossing in the switching device, wherein the circuit module has at least one inductive unit and at least one capacitive unit and in the connected state, together with the mechanical switching device, a resonant circuit bil bil.
  • the circuit module provides a commutation path that can be connected in parallel with the vacuum interrupter in the current path.
  • this commutation path is an active commutation path. path in which an energy store is present by using a precharged capacitive unit.
  • Switchgear can generally be divided into three categories: semiconductor switches (e.g. with GTOs, IGBTs, etc.), mechanical switchgear and hybrid switchgear.
  • Semi switching devices for higher voltage levels can be divided into switching devices with passive or active parallel commutation paths.
  • the units (resistor R, inductance L, capacitance C) for an RC or RLC resonant circuit are typically connected in such a parallel commutation path.
  • a passive resonant circuit can be used in switchgear with a high arc voltage, since if the circuit is suitably designed, the current can be reduced by the negative voltage-current characteristic curve of an arc. Ideally, there is an artificial zero crossing in the mechanical switching device so that the switch can interrupt the current. With this switching principle, however, the time to power interruption is relatively long.
  • an RLC resonant circuit with a precharged capacitor is typically used as a capacitive unit, as is shown, for example, in DE 10 2011 079 723 A1.
  • the capacitor is ideally charged negatively with respect to the current and voltage direction of the switch.
  • the mechanical switch is opened and a switching arc arises between the contacts of the switch. If this has reached a sufficiently large isolation distance to withstand the recurring voltage, the RLC resonant circuit is now closed, so that the capacitor discharges and a current zero pulse into it mechanical switching device is impressed. If the amplitude of the current zero pulse is now sufficiently high that this leads to a current zero crossing in the mechanical switching device, then the current through the switching device can be interrupted.
  • a vacuum interrupter is used as a mechanical switching device (or, in the case of higher voltages, several vacuum interrupters connected in series), then due to the good interruption properties of a vacuum interrupter (current interruption with high current steepness di / dt at
  • the parallel resonant circuit can be designed with relatively small elements.
  • the resonance frequency of the RLC resonant circuit in the commutation path can be up to a few kilohertz.
  • the current steepness at the time of zero current crossing is decisive. If the current steepness at zero crossing is too high, the current through the vacuum interrupter cannot be interrupted.
  • the current zero pulse for the generation of an artificial zero crossing has a sinusoidal shape. Since the steepness of a sinusoidal current zero pulse, that is, its derivation over time, corresponds to a cosine function, the initial steepness is relatively high with a high current zero pulse and only decreases with increasing current. However, in order to be able to switch high and low direct currents (eg nominal and short-circuit currents) equally with a current zero pulse, a high current amplitude of the current zero pulse is necessary. High direct currents are therefore interrupted with a relatively low current steepness.
  • direct currents eg nominal and short-circuit currents
  • the slope of the current zero pulse can be dimensioned for small direct currents, which means a larger capacitor in the commutation path.
  • a solution to this problem is a current zero pulse with a constant slope, as described in the publication DE 10 2014 214 956 A1 mentioned at the beginning.
  • the slope of the current zero pulse is constant both at low and high currents, so that a reliable current interruption can take place regardless of the level of the direct current.
  • This solution requires a more complex and increased design and circuit complexity.
  • the switching tion module has at least one inductive unit and at least one capacitive unit and forms a resonant circuit in the connected state together with the switching device, it is provided that the inductive unit is an inductive unit with variable inductance.
  • the inductance of the commutation path is reduced or increased, so that the amplitude of a corresponding current zero pulse increases.
  • the capacitive unit can be made smaller, and thus a commutation path formed by the circuit module can be designed with lower energy.
  • the inductive unit has a plurality of current branches connected in parallel, in each of which an inductive element is connected. In this way, the inductance of the inductive unit can be changed in stages.
  • one or more inductive elements are connected in parallel, so that the overall inductance of the commutation path decreases and the amplitude of the zero current pulse increases.
  • a switching device is connected in series with the inductive element in at least one of the current branches. Via this switching device (s), a parallel connection can be formed from more or less inductive elements.
  • the switching module can be switched on solely via the switching devices of the inductive unit.
  • the switchable circuit module for switching on has a switching device arranged outside the inductive unit.
  • the resonant circuit formed by the connected circuit module and the switching device is a series resonant circuit. This results in a simply structured commutation path.
  • the switching device is designed as a mechanical switching device, in particular as a vacuum interrupter.
  • the capacitive unit for generating a zero current crossing force in the switching device is precharged.
  • an energy storage is available.
  • the commutation path is thus an active commutation path.
  • the DC switching device has a surge arrester connected in parallel with the switching device and the switchable circuit module.
  • the direct current switching device has a control and / or regulating device for coordinated activation of the switching device and the at least one switching device.
  • the control and / or regulating device controls the switching process of the direct current switching device.
  • the control and / or regulating device is also connected to a current measuring device which monitors the current strength of the electrical direct current flowing along the medium-voltage or high-voltage current path.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the above-mentioned DC switching device for interrupting an electrical direct current IQ flowing along a medium or high voltage current path.
  • Fig. 2 shows the time course of various currents in the
  • Fig. 6 a DC switching device according to one
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit arrangement 10 with a tel or high-voltage current path 12 and a DC switching device 14 for interrupting a flowing along the medium or high-voltage current path 12 flowing electrical DC current Io-
  • the DC switching device 14 has a in the current path 12 switchable switching device 16 and a switchable circuit module 18 to force a current zero crossing in the switching device 16.
  • the GmbHge advises 16 is a mechanical switching device 16, for example a vacuum interrupter.
  • the switchable circuit module 18 for forcing a current zero crossing in the switching device 16 forms a resonant circuit circuit 20 together with the switching device 16 in the switched-on state Switching device 16 is interconnectable.
  • the circuit module 18 has a circuit device 22 connected in the commutation path.
  • the switching device 22 is connected together with a resistive unit 24, an inductive unit 26 and a capacitive unit 28 in series connection in the commutation path.
  • the resonant circuit 20 shown here is therefore a series resonant circuit of an RLC resonant circuit.
  • the inductive unit 26 is an inductive unit 26 with variable inductance, which has an internal circuit structure.
  • the inductive unit 26 has a parallel connection of an inductive component 32 with a current branch 34, in which an inductive component 36 is connected in series with a switching device 38.
  • the switching devices 22, 38 are designed, for example, as vacuum or air-insulated spark gaps, thyristor switches, etc.
  • the capacitive unit 28 is precharged to generate a current zero pulse which forces the current zero crossing in the switching device 16. This is indicated in the figures by the + and - symbols. By using a precharged capacitive unit 28, an energy store is present and the commutation path is thus an active commutation path.
  • an overvoltage arrester 40 is connected in a parallel current path 42.
  • a current limiter inductor 44 is also connected in series with the direct current switching device 14. This current limiter inductor 44 limits the current Io in the medium or high voltage current path 12.
  • the DC switching device 14 finally also has a control and / or regulating device 46 for coordinated activation of the switching device 16 and the switching devices 22, 38.
  • This control takes place via corresponding signal paths 48 which connect the control and / or regulating device 46 to the control device 16 and to each of the switching devices 22, 38.
  • Ii is the current through the switching device 16
  • I 2 is the current via the commutation path of the switchable circuit modules 18
  • I3 is the current via the surge arrester 40.
  • the current I 2 can again be between the branch with the inductive component 32 (I21) and the branch 34 with the inductive component 36 (I22) len.
  • the current zero pulse for generating an artificial zero crossing has a sinusoidal profile, as can also be seen clearly in FIG. 2.
  • the initial steepness is relatively high with a high current zero pulse and only decreases with increasing current.
  • a high current amplitude of the current zero pulse is necessary.
  • High direct currents are therefore interrupted with a relatively low current steepness.
  • the current steepness is, if appropriate, still too high for safe current cutoff.
  • the slope of the current zero pulse must therefore be low even with small direct currents and must therefore be dimensioned for small direct currents.
  • the inductive component 36 of the current branch 34 is connected in parallel with the inductive component 32 by the closed switching device 38, so that a parallel connection of the inductive components 32, 36 is used.
  • I 2 I 2i + I22
  • several connectable inductance branches (current branches 34) with only one capacitor (the capacitive unit 24) are used in series connection.
  • one or more inductors are connected in parallel, so that the overall inductance of the commutation path decreases and the amplitude of the zero current - Impulse increases.
  • the capacitive unit 28 of the commutation path 28 can be made smaller and thus the commutation path can be designed with lower energy.
  • the switching device 16 which is designed as a vacuum interrupter, is closed in the main current path, the lines 22, 38, which are designed as top or cutters, are open and the capacitive unit 28 (shown as a capacitor) is charged.
  • the direct current Io can flow almost without loss.
  • either the switching device 22 is closed by an evaluation unit of the control and / or regulating device 46, depending on the strength of the direct current, so that a zero current pulse with a small amplitude (for example with load currents, see FIGS.
  • the low current zero pulse (resonant circuit only with components 24, 28, 32) did not lead to an artificial current zero crossing due to an increase in the fault current, after reloading the capacitive unit 28 the current zero pulse height by switching on the second inductively tive component 36 to increase and thus achieve the required zero crossing with the high current zero pulse.
  • the polarity of the capacitive unit 28 can also be opposite (+ & - interchanged in the capacitive unit 28 or capacitive unit 28 precharged in the opposite direction).
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show the corresponding temporal course of the various currents in the DC switching device 14, however, with reversed charge polarity on the capacitive unit, as in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the direct current switching device 14, which essentially corresponds to the direct current switching device 14 shown in FIG. 1, so that only the differences will be discussed here.
  • each of the current branches 34 of the inductive unit 26 now has a series connection of an inductive component 36 and a switching device 38.
  • the switching of the circuit module 18 does not take place centrally via the one arranged outside the inductive unit 26 Switching device 22, but via the switching devices 38 in the branches 34.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de commutation à courant continu (14) destiné interrompre un courant électrique continu (I0) circulant le long d'un chemin de courant à moyenne ou haute tension (12). Ledit dispositif comprend une unité de commutation (16) qui peut être monté dans ce chemin de courant (12) et un module de circuit commutable (18) destiné à forcer un passage par zéro de courant dans l'unité de commutation (16), qui comporte au moins une unité inductive (26) et au moins une unité capacitive (28) et qui forme, à l'état connecté, conjointement avec l'unité de commutation (16), un circuit résonnant (20). Selon l'invention, l'unité inductive (26) est une unité inductive (26) à inductance variable. L'invention concerne en outre l'utilisation d'un tel dispositif de commutation à courant continu (10).
PCT/EP2019/069621 2018-08-20 2019-07-22 Dispositif de commutation à courant continu et utilisation de celui-ci WO2020038673A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018214000.6A DE102018214000B4 (de) 2018-08-20 2018-08-20 Gleichstrom-Schalteinrichtung und deren Verwendung
DE102018214000.6 2018-08-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020038673A1 true WO2020038673A1 (fr) 2020-02-27

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PCT/EP2019/069621 WO2020038673A1 (fr) 2018-08-20 2019-07-22 Dispositif de commutation à courant continu et utilisation de celui-ci

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WO (1) WO2020038673A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112260244A (zh) * 2020-09-02 2021-01-22 许继集团有限公司 一种基于快速开关的直流限流器及其控制方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005222705A (ja) * 2004-02-03 2005-08-18 Toshiba Corp 直流遮断器
DE102011079723A1 (de) 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichspannungs-Leitungsschutzschalter
DE102011083514A1 (de) 2011-09-27 2013-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichspannungs-Leistungsschalter
DE102014214956A1 (de) 2014-07-30 2016-02-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Strom-Null-Impuls mit konstanter Stromsteilheit zur Unterbrechung eines Gleichstromes
US20160035509A1 (en) * 2013-03-27 2016-02-04 Abb Technology Ltd Circuit breaking arrangement

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015216769A1 (de) * 2015-09-02 2017-03-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichstrom-Schalteinrichtung
DE102015217578A1 (de) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichstrom-Schalteinrichtung und deren Verwendung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005222705A (ja) * 2004-02-03 2005-08-18 Toshiba Corp 直流遮断器
DE102011079723A1 (de) 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichspannungs-Leitungsschutzschalter
DE102011083514A1 (de) 2011-09-27 2013-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichspannungs-Leistungsschalter
US20160035509A1 (en) * 2013-03-27 2016-02-04 Abb Technology Ltd Circuit breaking arrangement
DE102014214956A1 (de) 2014-07-30 2016-02-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Strom-Null-Impuls mit konstanter Stromsteilheit zur Unterbrechung eines Gleichstromes

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DE102018214000B4 (de) 2022-01-20

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