EP3317891B1 - Dispositif de commutation à courant continu - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation à courant continu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3317891B1
EP3317891B1 EP16751241.7A EP16751241A EP3317891B1 EP 3317891 B1 EP3317891 B1 EP 3317891B1 EP 16751241 A EP16751241 A EP 16751241A EP 3317891 B1 EP3317891 B1 EP 3317891B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
switching device
current
semiconductor component
medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16751241.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3317891A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Heinz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3317891A1 publication Critical patent/EP3317891A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/547—Combinations of mechanical switches and static switches, the latter being controlled by the former
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC switching device for interrupting a DC electrical current flowing along a medium or high-voltage current path, comprising an electrical circuit arrangement having a mechanical switching device which can be connected in the medium or high-voltage current path, the electrical circuit arrangement being used to force a current Zero crossing in the interconnected in the medium or high voltage current path mechanical switching device further (i) an LC circuit with at least one inductive component and at least one capacitive component for the formation of a closed circuit via the switching device resonant circuit and (ii) at least one switchable semiconductor device for generating a stimulus frequency exciting the resonant circuit.
  • a mechanical switching device of medium and high voltage engineering such as a vacuum interrupter, requires a current zero crossing to interrupt a current.
  • this current zero crossing is always present in the currently prevailing technology for generating, transmitting and distributing electrical energy by means of alternating current.
  • a DC switching device of the type mentioned is from the document US 2013/0070492 A1 known. These 10 shows a DC switching device for interrupting a DC electrical current flowing along a high-voltage DC current path, having an electrical circuit arrangement comprising a high-voltage DC switchable mechanical interrupter, the electrical circuit arrangement for forcing a current zero crossing in the DC voltage path connected in the high-voltage DC path mechanical interrupter further comprises (i) an LC circuit having at least one inductive component and at least one capacitive component for the formation of an active resonant circuit closed via the interrupter and (ii) a switchable semiconductor component for generating an excitation frequency exciting the oscillator circuit.
  • This semiconductor device is a turn-off type semiconductor device which is connected in series with the mechanical breaker in the DC path.
  • an alternating current is modulated on the DC current, which excites the resonant circuit to oscillate. If the current amplitude of the oscillation of this resonant circuit is greater than the direct current or if the current amplitude of the oscillation is at least of the same magnitude, the desired current zero crossing occurs.
  • the semiconductor device must be dimensioned only for a small part of the total voltage across the DC switching device and is protected by a surge arrester.
  • a surge arrester For this DC interrupt method, unlike DC switching devices based on other known DC interrupt methods, no precharged capacitor and high arc arc voltage are required.
  • a major disadvantage of this switching principle is the semiconductor device connected to the mechanical switching device in series in the current path, which, however, permanently generates losses in the switched-on state, which can be kept low by selecting a suitable semiconductor device, but always occur in principle.
  • the at least one switchable semiconductor component is arranged in the electrical circuit arrangement such that it always lies outside this middle or high-voltage current path when the mechanical switching device is connected in the medium or high-voltage current path.
  • the at least one switchable semiconductor component is arranged in another section of the resonant circuit, that is to say for example in the LC circuit, and / or in a completely different part of the electrical circuit arrangement.
  • the at least one switchable semiconductor component is arranged in a part of the electrical circuit arrangement, which is also outside the resonant circuit.
  • the lying outside of the resonant circuit part of the electrical circuit has a coupled to the resonant circuit excitation resonant circuit for exciting a vibration of the resonant circuit, wherein the switchable semiconductor device or at least one of the switchable semiconductor devices is arranged in this excitation resonant circuit.
  • the excitation resonant circuit is preferably inductively coupled to the resonant circuit.
  • the coupling takes place in particular via a transformer.
  • the at least one switchable semiconductor component and an LC circuit of the excitation resonant circuit in a half-bridge circuit are connected.
  • the switchable semiconductor component or at least one of the switchable semiconductor components is arranged in another section of the resonant circuit, in particular in its LC circuit.
  • the at least one switchable semiconductor component and the LC circuit of the resonant circuit are connected either in a half-bridge circuit or in a bridge circuit.
  • the circuit arrangement has at least one outgoing current branch from the middle or high-voltage current path, in which the switchable semiconductor component or at least one of the switchable semiconductor components is connected.
  • the circuit arrangement has a voltage diverter connected in parallel with the mechanical switching device.
  • the DC switching device has a control and / or regulating device for the coordinated control of the mechanical switching device and the at least one switchable semiconductor component.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the aforementioned DC switching device for interrupting a DC electrical current flowing along a medium or high voltage current path I.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a DC switching device 10 for interrupting a current flowing along a medium or high-voltage current path 12 DC electric current I.
  • the DC switching device 10 is of course also suitable for switching the DC current I to the current path 12, which is much less expensive.
  • the DC switching device 10 has an electrical circuit arrangement 14, which in turn comprises a switchable in the middle or high voltage current path 12 (and in the specific case interconnected) mechanical switching device 16.
  • This mechanical switching device 16 is, for example, a vacuum interrupter or other mechanical interrupter 18, as it is also known from the currently prevailing technology for generating, transmitting and distributing electrical energy by means of alternating current in the medium or high voltage range.
  • the electrical circuit arrangement 14 furthermore has an LC circuit 22 connected in parallel with the switching device 16 and having a capacitive component 24 and two inductive components 26, 28. Capacitive and inductive components 24, 26, 28 are connected in series.
  • this resonant circuit 20 can now be a current zero crossing in the interconnected in the middle or high voltage current path 12 mechanical switching device 16 are generated.
  • the resonant circuit must be excited to oscillate, in which the magnitude of the current amplitude is greater than the DC to be interrupted I.
  • Parallel to the mechanical switching device 16 and parallel to the LC circuit 22, a surge arrester 30 is connected.
  • the circuit arrangement 14 also has a further (circuit) part 32.
  • This further circuit part 32 includes a DC and / or DC voltage source 34, a connected to the DC power source 34 series circuit 36 of two semiconductor devices 38, 40, and another LC circuit 42 with a capacitive component 44 and an inductive component 46 for forming an excitation resonant circuit 48th Capacitive and inductive components 44, 46 are connected in series.
  • This excitation resonant circuit 48 is inductively coupled to the resonant circuit 20 via a transformer 50.
  • the inductive component 46 of the further LC circuit 42 forms the primary side of the transformer 50 and the second of the inductive components 28 of an LC circuit 22, the secondary side of the transformer 50.
  • At least one of the semiconductor devices 38, 40 is a switchable semiconductor device for generating a the over the switching device 16 extending resonant circuit 20 exciting excitation frequency.
  • This at least one switchable semiconductor component is arranged / interconnected in the electrical circuit arrangement 14 such that it always lies outside this current path 12 when the mechanical switching device 16 is connected in the middle or high-voltage current path 12.
  • the resonant circuit 20 can be selectively excited to oscillate by means of the excitation resonant circuit 48 with the semiconductor components 38, 40 arranged therein and is thus an active resonant circuit 20.
  • the DC switching device 10 furthermore has a control and / or regulating device 52 for coordinated activation of the mechanical switching device 16 and the semiconductor components 38, 40. This simultaneously measures the alternating current in the resonant circuit 20 via a corresponding sensor 54.
  • the corresponding signal lines between the control and / or regulating device 52 and the semiconductor components 38, 40 or the sensor 54 are shown in broken lines.
  • an additional inductance for example, the inductive component 26
  • the second excitation resonant circuit 48 a vibration is excited via a half-bridge circuit 56 made of the two semiconductor components 38, 40 (realized here by way of example as two MOSFETs), which oscillation is coupled into a resonant circuit 20 via the transformer 50.
  • the energy for the oscillation can be taken either from an additional DC and / or DC voltage source 34 or directly from the current path 12 having DC network.
  • the semiconductor devices 38, 40 are selected and designed independently of the voltage of the DC network.
  • the excitation resonant circuit 48 is operated by the control and / or regulating device 52 so that the resonant circuit 20 resonates. This can be done, for example, by switching the semiconductor components 38, 40 in the excitation resonant circuit 48 as soon as the current experiences a zero crossing in the resonant circuit 20. For example, is the current in resonant circuit 20 positive, so semiconductor device 38 off and semiconductor device 40 is turned on; on the other hand, if the current in the resonant circuit 20 is negative, the semiconductor device 38 is switched on and the semiconductor component 40 is switched off.
  • the surge arrester 30 is integrated in parallel with the mechanical switch.
  • the switching device 16 In the case of a switch, for example in the event of a fault in the connected DC network, the switching device 16 is opened. To generate an artificial current zero crossing, the two semiconductor components 38, 40 are driven accordingly, so that the DC current in the switching device 16, a current oscillation is superimposed, which leads to an artificial current zero crossing and thus allows a current separation. If the mechanical switching device 16 has interrupted the current, the control of the semiconductor components can be switched off. In the further course of the current commutes first to the resonant circuit 20 and the capacitive component 24 is charged. If the capacitive component 24 has reached the voltage level of the surge arrester 30, the current commutates again to the parallel current path with the surge arrester 30, this absorbs the energy present in the connected network and ultimately brings the direct current to zero. This completes the switch-off process. In this embodiment of the DC switching device 10, bipolar operation is possible without further oppositely connected semiconductors.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show further embodiments of the DC switching device 10, which substantially with the embodiment of Fig. 1 match so that only the differences will be discussed below.
  • a unipolar DC switching device 10 can be constructed with two semiconductor components 38, 40.
  • the DC switching device 10 has an outgoing from the middle or high-voltage current path 12 Stromabzweig 58, in which the two semiconductor devices 38, 40 are connected in series circuit 36.
  • This current branch 58 leads to a reference potential, in the example shown to a ground E with corresponding ground potential E.
  • the mechanical switching device 16 In normal operation, the mechanical switching device 16 is closed and neither of the two semiconductor components 38, 40 is activated. Again, the passage losses are limited to the low ohmic losses of the closed mechanical switching device 16.
  • the switching device 16 is opened. If the switching contacts of the switching device 16 are sufficiently far apart from each other so that the switching device 16 can isolate the applied DC voltage after a successful power interruption, the semiconductor components 38, 40 are alternately switched on and off (it is useful to first switch off the device 40 and the component 38). , The switching frequency is selected (by the control and / or regulating device 52) so that the (active) resonant circuit 20 resonates in order to achieve a maximum possible current amplitude. If the current oscillation has a higher amplitude than the direct current I to be switched off, artificially generated current zero crossings are produced in the switching device 16 and the direct current I can be interrupted.
  • the oscillating circuit 20 can remain switched on in parallel by switching off the semiconductor component 40 and simultaneously switching on the semiconductor component 38 after the power interruption in the mechanical switching device 16.
  • the current first commutates to the resonant circuit 20 and charges the capacitive component 24. If the voltage level is reached, which causes the surge arrester 30 is low, the current commutates again to the parallel current path with the surge arrester 30 and this brings the DC I finally to zero. The switch-off process is completed.
  • a bipolar DC switching device 10 is constructed with four semiconductor devices 38, 40, 60, 62.
  • the semiconductor devices 38, 40, 60, 62 and the LC circuit 22 for forming the running of the switching device 16 resonant circuit 20 in a bridge circuit 64 interconnected.
  • the first two semiconductor components 38, 40 are arranged between the forward and return conductors of the current path 12 in front of the mechanical switching device 16.
  • the LC circuit 22 is contacted on the one hand between the two semiconductor components 38, 40 and on the other hand between the other two semiconductor devices 60, 62, which are arranged behind the mechanical switching device 16.
  • Parallel to the mechanical switching device 16 the surge arrester 30 (for example, realized with MO varistors) is also here to protect against overvoltages connected.
  • the excitation resonant circuit 48 and the transformer 50 can be saved.
  • this DC switching device 10 must in the case of switching in the control of the semiconductor devices 38, 40, 60, 62 depending on the current direction in the current path 12 of the two directly connected to the current path 12 semiconductor devices 38, 60 remain switched on during the switching action permanently, so by the opposite two semiconductor devices 60, 62; 38, 40 the above-described current vibration can be generated.
  • the basic operating and switching behavior can otherwise be equivalent to the switch concept of in Fig. 2 shown DC switching device 10 are performed. Due to the four separately switchable semiconductor devices 38, 40, 60, 62 are in this version of the DC switching device 10, the degrees of freedom, however, higher.
  • the capacitive component 24 of the LC circuit 22 can be pre-charged via the DC network to directly achieve a maximum amplitude current swing in the event of a switch and fault currents can break faster.
  • a series connection of a plurality of mechanical switching devices 16 which can be interconnected in the medium or high-voltage current path 12 may alternatively occur in the DC switching device 10.
  • the corresponding DC switching device 10 even when using standard switching devices 16 are designed for high-voltage current paths 12 applicable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Dispositif (10) de coupure à courant continu pour interrompre un courant (I) électrique continu passant suivant un trajet (12) de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, comprenant un système (14) de circuit électrique qui comprend un appareil (16) de coupure mécanique, pouvant être connecté dans le trajet (12) de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, le système (14) de circuit électrique ayant, pour forcer un passage par zéro du courant dans l'appareil (16) de coupure mécanique connecté dans le trajet de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, en outre
    - un circuit (22) LC ayant au moins un composant (26, 28) inductif et au moins un composant (24) capacitif pour la formation d'un circuit (20) oscillant fermé par l'appareil (16) de coupure et
    - au moins un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable pour produire une fréquence d'excitation excitant le circuit (20) oscillant, dans lequel
    le au moins un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable est monté dans le système (14) de circuit électrique, de manière à se trouver, lors d'une connexion de l'appareil (16) de coupure mécanique dans le trajet (12) de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, toujours à l'extérieur de ce trajet (12) de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, et dans lequel
    le au moins un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable est monté dans une autre partie (32) du système (14) de circuit électrique, qui est à l'extérieur du circuit (20) oscillant,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'autre partie (32) du système (14) de circuit électrique a un circuit (48) oscillant d'excitation couplé au circuit (20) oscillant pour exciter une oscillation du circuit (20) oscillant, le composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable ou au moins un des composants (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable étant montés dans ce circuit (48) oscillant d'excitation et le au moins un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable et un circuit (42) LC du circuit (48) oscillant d'excitation sont connectés suivant un circuit (56) en demi pont.
  2. Dispositif de commutation à courant continu suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le circuit (48) oscillant d'excitation est couplé inductivement au circuit (20) oscillant.
  3. Dispositif (10) de commutation à courant continu pour interrompre un courant (I) électrique continu passant suivant un trajet (12) de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, comprenant un système (14) de circuit électrique qui comprend un appareil (16) de coupure mécanique, pouvant être connecté dans le trajet (12) de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, le système (14) de circuit électrique ayant, pour forcer un passage par zéro du courant dans l'appareil (16) de coupure mécanique connecté dans le trajet de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, en outre
    - un circuit (22) LC ayant au moins un composant (26, 28) inductif et au moins un composant (24) capacitif pour la formation d'un circuit (20) oscillant fermé par l'appareil (16) de coupure et
    - au moins un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable pour produire une fréquence d'excitation excitant le circuit (20) oscillant, dans lequel
    le au moins un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable est monté dans le système (14) de circuit électrique, de manière à se trouver, lors d'une connexion de l'appareil (16) de coupure mécanique dans le trajet (12) de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, toujours à l'extérieur de ce trajet (12) de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable est monté dans une autre partie (32) du circuit (20) oscillant, notamment dans le circuit (22) LC, et
    le au moins un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable et le circuit (22) LC du circuit (20) oscillant sont connectés, soit suivant un circuit (56) en demi pont, soit suivant un circuit (64) en pont.
  4. Dispositif de commutation à courant continu suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le système (14) de circuit a au moins une dérivation (58) de courant partant du trajet de courant de moyenne tension ou de haute tension, dans laquelle le composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable ou au moins l'un des composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable sont connectés.
  5. Dispositif de commutation à courant continu suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le système (14) de circuit a un parafoudre (30) vis-à-vis de la surtension monté en parallèle à l'appareil (16) de coupure mécanique.
  6. Dispositif de commutation à courant continu suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé par un dispositif (52) de commande et/ou de réglage pour commander de manière coordonnée l'appareil (16) de coupure mécanique et le au moins un composant (38, 40, 60, 62) à semi-conducteur commutable.
EP16751241.7A 2015-09-02 2016-08-03 Dispositif de commutation à courant continu Active EP3317891B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015216769.0A DE102015216769A1 (de) 2015-09-02 2015-09-02 Gleichstrom-Schalteinrichtung
PCT/EP2016/068482 WO2017036710A1 (fr) 2015-09-02 2016-08-03 Dispositif de commutation à courant continu

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3317891A1 EP3317891A1 (fr) 2018-05-09
EP3317891B1 true EP3317891B1 (fr) 2019-10-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16751241.7A Active EP3317891B1 (fr) 2015-09-02 2016-08-03 Dispositif de commutation à courant continu

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10490365B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3317891B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107924783A (fr)
DE (1) DE102015216769A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017036710A1 (fr)

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DE102017101451A1 (de) * 2017-01-25 2018-07-26 Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh Niederspannungs-Schutzschaltgerät
AU2019242899C1 (en) 2018-03-28 2023-10-26 Zoltek Corporation Electrically conductive adhesive
DE102018214000B4 (de) * 2018-08-20 2022-01-20 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Gleichstrom-Schalteinrichtung und deren Verwendung
DE102020208426B4 (de) * 2020-07-06 2023-10-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kurzschlussstrombegrenzer
CN114709800B (zh) * 2022-04-28 2023-06-30 西安交通大学 一种共享支路的紧凑型直流断路器及其控制方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017036710A1 (fr) 2017-03-09
CN107924783A (zh) 2018-04-17
US10490365B2 (en) 2019-11-26
US20180226208A1 (en) 2018-08-09
EP3317891A1 (fr) 2018-05-09
DE102015216769A1 (de) 2017-03-02

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