WO2020038191A1 - 测量时延的方法和网络设备 - Google Patents

测量时延的方法和网络设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020038191A1
WO2020038191A1 PCT/CN2019/098205 CN2019098205W WO2020038191A1 WO 2020038191 A1 WO2020038191 A1 WO 2020038191A1 CN 2019098205 W CN2019098205 W CN 2019098205W WO 2020038191 A1 WO2020038191 A1 WO 2020038191A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network device
delay value
code block
service flow
delay
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PCT/CN2019/098205
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汪仁磊
楼喆
查敏
朱志刚
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP19851563.7A priority Critical patent/EP3809636B1/en
Publication of WO2020038191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020038191A1/zh
Priority to US17/159,785 priority patent/US11706113B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/4013—Management of data rate on the bus
    • H04L12/40136—Nodes adapting their rate to the physical link properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/142—Network analysis or design using statistical or mathematical methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/02—Capturing of monitoring data
    • H04L43/026—Capturing of monitoring data using flow identification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H04L43/0858—One way delays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H04L47/283—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of information technology, and more particularly, to a method for measuring delay and a network device.
  • the virtual interleaving sub-layer (VIS) technology is a time division multiplexing technology below the media access control (MAC) layer, which timeslots the channels below the MAC layer. After slotting, you can use slotted channels to transmit low-speed industrial Ethernet services. However, the time slot will bring the universal one-way delay uncertainty problem, that is, the random relationship between the time of service arrival and the time slot of the transmission time slot, resulting in the uncertainty of the service delay.
  • the present application provides a method and a device for calculating and compensating for a delay, which can determine a delay value of a service flow by measuring a delay value of a measurement code block in the service flow.
  • a method for measuring delay includes:
  • a first network device receives a first service flow
  • the delay value of the service flow may be determined by measuring the delay value of the measurement code block in the service flow.
  • the first network device may be used to connect the first client device and the second client device, and the first client device and the second client device may pass through at least one Network devices to connect.
  • the first client device may be a control device, and the second client device may be an input / output device.
  • the first client device and the second client device may also be client devices in flexible Ethernet.
  • the first network device may be located in a different location.
  • the first network device may be a network device connected to a control device, a network device connected to an input / output device, or a network device connected to an intermediate network device.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second service flow is opposite to a transmission direction of the first service flow, and the second service flow and the first service flow belong to a same service;
  • the method for determining the second delay value according to the second measurement code block may refer to the method for determining the first delay value according to the first measurement code block, and the specific processes of the two are similar.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device may determine an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value by measuring a code block, and then time compensation can be performed according to the delay value.
  • the first delay value may be an uplink delay value
  • the second delay value may be a downlink delay value
  • the first network device may send an uplink of the first network device to a client device upstream.
  • downlink delay values, the uplink and downlink delay values of the first network device may also be sent to the downlink client device, and the client device may then perform time compensation.
  • the first delay value may be an uplink delay value
  • the second delay value may be a downlink delay value
  • the first network device may send the uplink of the first network device to the upstream edge network device.
  • downlink delay values, the uplink and downlink delay values of the first network device may also be sent to the downlink edge network device, and the edge network device may then perform time compensation.
  • each network device can send the uplink delay value and the downlink delay value to the client device, and then the client The device or edge network device performs time compensation.
  • the first service flow may be a downlink service flow, that is, a service flow sent by the first client device to the second client device through the first network device
  • the second service flow It may be an uplink service flow, that is, a service flow that the second client device sends to the first client device through the first network device.
  • the method for determining the second delay value in the embodiments of the present application may refer to the method for determining the first delay value.
  • first downlink service flow and the second uplink service flow belong to the same service, and the first service flow and the second service flow are connected to the same device.
  • the device that sends the first service flow serves as the receiving device for the second service flow.
  • the device that sends the second service flow serves as the receiving device for the first service flow.
  • the determining, by the first network device according to a first measurement code block in the first service flow, a first delay value includes:
  • the first network device When the first network device is the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service flow, the first network device sets the first measurement code block in the first service flow;
  • the first network device may be the first network device in the first service stream transmission direction, that is, the first network device may be a network device connected to the control device, the first network The device sets a first measurement code block in the first service flow sent by the receiving control device.
  • the first network device may be a first network device in a second service stream transmission direction, that is, the first network device may be a network device connected to an input / output device.
  • the network device sets a first measurement code block in the first service flow sent by the receiving output device.
  • setting the first measurement code block in the first service stream may be inserting the first measurement code block into the first service stream, or adding the first measurement code block to the first service stream.
  • the first measurement code block may be a multiplexed idle state code block.
  • the first measurement code block may be generated by setting a preset value in the idle state code block.
  • the setting, by the first network device, the first measurement code block in the first service flow includes:
  • the first network device When the first network device receives a first instruction, the first network device sets the first measurement code block in the first service flow, and the first instruction is used to instruct to measure the first service. The delay value of the stream.
  • the first network device when the first network device is a network device connected to the first client device, for example, the first network device is set in the first service flow when receiving the first instruction sent by the control device.
  • the first measurement code block when the first network device is a network device connected to the first client device, for example, the first network device is set in the first service flow when receiving the first instruction sent by the control device.
  • the first network device when the first network device is a network device connected to the second client device, for example, the first network device is in the first service flow when receiving the first instruction sent by the output device.
  • the first network device is in the first service flow when receiving the first instruction sent by the output device.
  • the determining, by the first network device according to a first measurement code block in the first service flow, a first delay value includes:
  • the first network device When the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service flow, the first network device receives the first service flow including the first measurement code block;
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service flow, the first network device transparently transmits the first service flow including the first measurement code block.
  • the first network device may be a network device connected to the intermediate network device, and the first network device may also be the last network device in the first service flow transmission direction.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, that is, the first network device may be a network device connected to an intermediate network device, The first network device may also be a network device connected to the input / output device.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, that is, the first network device may be a network device connected to an intermediate network device, The first network device may also be a network device connected to the control device device.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device Before the first network device writes the first service flow to the cache, detects the first measurement code block in the first service flow, and records the first moment;
  • the first network device when the first network device is the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, the first network device writes the first service stream including the first measurement code block When buffering, the first time is recorded; when the sending time slot of the first service flow is reached, the first network device detects the first measurement when reading the first service flow in the buffer A code block records the second time; and determines the first delay value according to the first time and the second time.
  • the first network device when the first network device may be a network device connected to a control device, the first network device writes the first service flow including the first measurement code block into a buffer. At the time, the first time is recorded; when the sending time slot of the first service flow is reached, the first network device reads the first service flow from a buffer; when the first network device detects the When the first code block is measured, a second time is recorded; and the first delay value is determined according to the first time and the second time.
  • the first delay value is a delay value of the first service flow in the first network device.
  • the first network device when the first network device may be a network device connected to an input-output device, the first network device writes the first service flow including the first measurement code block When buffering, the first time is recorded; when the sending time slot of the first service flow is reached, the first network device reads the first service flow from the buffer; when the first network device detects all the When the first measurement code block is described, a second time is recorded; and the first delay value is determined according to the first time and the second time.
  • the first delay value is a delay value of the first service flow in the first network device.
  • the first client device may be a control device
  • the second client device may be an input / output device
  • the first client device and the second client device may also be client devices in flexible Ethernet.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service flow, the first network device receives a first service flow including a first measurement code block; When the network device detects the first measurement code block, it records the first time; when the first network device detects the first measurement code block in the egress service data stream, it records the second time; according to the first One time and the second time, determine the first delay value.
  • the first network device that determines the first delay value according to the first time and the second time is a network device that transparently transmits the first service flow including the measurement code block.
  • the first service received by the first network device The measurement code block is already included in the stream, and the measurement code block is set in the first service stream by the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device may delete the first measurement code block in the first service stream, and delete the first service.
  • the stream is sent to the client device.
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block are encoding code blocks having identification information, and the first measurement code block is carried in all The first service flow, and the second measurement code block are carried in the second service flow.
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block may be control code blocks, the encoding method of which is the same as that of the service, and the identification is performed by using a unique and identifiable encoding.
  • the encoding code block can be divided into two parts.
  • the encoding code is a kind of data encapsulation, such as 8b / 10b and other encoding methods.
  • the encoded data can be called an encoding code block, or a code block.
  • the measurement code block may also be generated by setting a preset value in a code block in an idle state.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device Generating, by the first network device, a first coding group according to the first delay value and the second delay value, where the first coding group includes an uplink and downlink identifier, the first delay value, and the first Information about two delay values, wherein the uplink and downlink identifiers are used to identify that the first delay value and the second delay value are an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value, respectively.
  • the first coding group includes one or more coding code blocks.
  • the first coding group may be one or more coding code blocks. If the first coding group is a coding code block, the coding code block includes uplink and downlink identifiers, the first delay value, and the Information about the second delay value. If the first coding group is multiple coding code blocks, the information of the uplink and downlink identifiers, the first delay value and the second delay value may be carried on different coding code blocks in the first coding group, respectively.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device Generating, by the first network device, a first coding group according to the first delay value and the second delay value, wherein the first coding group includes a first identification code block and carries the first time code A delay value encoding code block, a second identification encoding code block, and an encoding code block carrying the second delay value, the first identification encoding code block is used to identify the first delay value as an uplink delay value Or a downlink delay value, the second identification code block is used to identify that the second delay value is an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value.
  • first identification code block and the second identification code block may be control code blocks, and are used to indicate whether the delay value carried by the subsequent code block is an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value.
  • the method further includes:
  • two values of the time delay determined by the uplink and the downlink may be respectively encoded into a coding group, and are simultaneously inserted into the uplink service flow and the downlink service flow as filling code blocks. , To the edge network device or client device.
  • the uplink delay identification code block and the downlink delay identification code block may be control code blocks.
  • the coding group can use a group of two 8B9B code blocks.
  • the first code block is a control code block, which means that the subsequent control block transmits the delay measurement value.
  • 0x0XX can be used to represent the data code block
  • 0x155 can be used to represent the uplink delay identification code block
  • 0x1AA can be used to represent the downlink delay identification code block
  • 0x1XX can be used to represent the delay value.
  • the first network device determines the delay value, and transmits the delay value through the coding group.
  • the delay value can be transmitted to the client device or the edge network device.
  • Edge network equipment performs time compensation.
  • the first network device sends a coding group to the client device, and the coding group may include an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value of the first service flow in the first network device.
  • the time delay of the channel is compensated, thereby reducing the time synchronization error.
  • the first client device for example, a control device
  • the second client device input and output device
  • time compensation is performed by the control device as an example.
  • Device 1 transmits the locally calculated DL1 and UL2 and the UL1 and DL2 of device 2 parsed from the uplink data stream to the control device, and the control device obtains four delay values of DL1, DL2, UL1, and UL2.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first network device sends the first coding group to an edge network device, where the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value, and the edge network device is a network device connected to a client device.
  • the first client device is connected to the second client device through the device 1, the device 2, and the device 3.
  • device 1 passes DL1 (representing the downlink delay value of device 1) to device 3 and device 2 passes DL2 to device 3.
  • Device 3 receives DL1, DL2, and DL3 determined by itself can determine the downlink time Extend DL1 + DL2 + DL3.
  • device 1 can also acquire DL2 and DL3.
  • device 3 passes UL3 (indicating the uplink delay value of device 3) to device 1 and device 2 passes UL2 to device 1.
  • Device 1 receives UL3, UL2, and UL1 determined by itself can determine the uplink time Extend UL1 + UL2 + UL3.
  • device 3 can also obtain UL2 and UL1.
  • Equipment 1 and equipment 3 operation compensation Take an example in which the first client device and the second client device are connected through three network devices, and time compensation is performed by the edge network device.
  • Equipment 1 and equipment 3 operation compensation are performed by the edge network device.
  • the delay value of the overall service may be determined by measuring the delay value of the code block. Solve the problem of time slotting due to the asymmetry of the uplink and downlink delays, which introduces errors to time synchronization. By determining the uplink and downlink delay values and using the uplink and downlink delay values for time compensation, the problem of uplink and downlink delay asymmetry is reduced. Thus reducing time synchronization errors.
  • the device 1, the device 2, and the device 3 may be any network device that timeslots a channel for transmitting a service flow.
  • it may be a virtual interlace sublayer (VIS) device.
  • VIS virtual interlace sublayer
  • a network device is provided, where the network device is a first network device and includes:
  • a communication module configured to receive a first service flow
  • a processing module configured to determine a first delay value according to a first measurement code block in the first service flow, where the first delay value is the first measurement code detected in the first network device The time difference between the first moment and the second moment of the block.
  • the communication module is further configured to receive a second service flow, where the second service flow is opposite to a transmission direction of the first service flow, and the The second service flow belongs to the same service as the first service flow; the processing module is further configured to determine a second delay value according to a second measurement code block in the second service flow.
  • the communication module is further configured to:
  • the communication module is further configured to:
  • the processing module is specifically configured to:
  • the network device is the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, setting the first measurement code block in the first service stream;
  • the communication module is further configured to:
  • the processing module is specifically configured to set the first measurement code block in the first service flow when the network device receives a first instruction, and the first instruction is used to instruct to measure the first service flow. Delay value.
  • the communication module is further configured to:
  • the processing module is specifically configured to:
  • the network device When the network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, receiving the first service stream including the first measurement code block through the communication module;
  • the processing module is further configured to:
  • the first measurement code block is detected in the first service flow before the first service flow is written into the buffer, and the first moment is recorded;
  • the processing module is further configured to:
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block are encoding code blocks having identification information, and the first measurement code block is carried in all The first service flow, and the second measurement code block are carried in the second service flow.
  • the processing module is further configured to:
  • the first coding group including uplink and downlink identifiers, the first delay value, and the second delay value information , wherein the uplink and downlink identifiers are used to identify that the first delay value and the second delay value are an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value, respectively.
  • the first coding group includes one or more coding code blocks.
  • the processing module is further configured to:
  • the first coding group includes a first identification coding code block and a coding code block carrying the first delay value A second identification code block, and a code block carrying the second delay value, where the first identification code block is used to identify the first delay value as an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value,
  • the second identification code block is used to identify that the second delay value is an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value.
  • the communication module is further configured to:
  • the edge network device Sending the first coding group to the edge network device, where the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value, and the edge network device is a network device connected to a client device.
  • a network device includes: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory, so that the network device executes the first aspect. Or the method in any one of the first aspects.
  • a system includes the network device in the foregoing second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions for implementing the first aspect or the method described in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a computer program product including instructions.
  • the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal implementation architecture based on a virtual interlace sublayer technology.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coding method based on a virtual interlace sublayer technology.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the frame and interleaving principle based on the virtual interleaving sublayer technology.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a delay according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for counting delay according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an influence of an end time in a statistical delay on a statistical result according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of delay uncertainty introduced by service mapping in the virtual interlace sublayer technology.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the delay uncertainty introduced by the service exit buffer in the virtual interlace sublayer technology.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a transmission delay value coding group according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • RS Reconciliation sub-layer
  • MII media-independent interface
  • MAC media access control layer
  • the MAC layer whose main function is responsible for framing the "0" and "1" bitstreams of the physical layer, and performing error checking through the error checking information at the end of the frame.
  • MAC sublayer Its main function is to add the physical address of the target computer to the data frame. After the data frame is passed to the peer MAC layer, it checks whether the address matches its own address. If the address in the frame is If it does not match its own address, the frame is discarded; if it matches, it is sent to the previous layer.
  • xMII interface is defined as a collective term for various Ethernet port speeds or various versions of MII interface types.
  • 100M Ethernet is called: MII; simplified version of MII: RMII (reduced MII); serial MII: SMII (serial MII); serial synchronous MII: SSMII (serial sync MII); 1000M Ethernet MII is called: GMII (gigabit MII); simplified version of GMII: RGMII (reduced GMII); 10G Ethernet MII interface: XGMII and XAUI; 40G Ethernet MII interface: XLGMII and XLAUI; 100G Ethernet MII interface: CGMII and CAUI.
  • MII gigabit MII
  • GMII gigabit MII
  • RGMII reduced GMII
  • 10G Ethernet MII interface XGMII and XAUI
  • 40G Ethernet MII interface XLGMII and XLAUI
  • 100G Ethernet MII interface CGMII and CAUI.
  • Ethernet is the most common communication protocol standard used in today's local area networks.
  • the Ethernet network uses CSMA / CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access and Collision Detection) technology, and runs on multiple types of cables at a rate of 10M / S.
  • CSMA / CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access and Collision Detection
  • the GE interface refers to a Gigabit Ethernet interface, an interface with a GE mark, and a 1000M Ethernet network interface.
  • the FE interface refers to a 100M Ethernet interface, that is, the mainstream 100M network is also called Fast Ethernet.
  • VIS Virtual interleaving sub-layer
  • PCS physical coding sub-layer
  • VIS layer is located between the MAC layer and the coordination layer.
  • Figure 1 shows the internal implementation framework of the VIS technology.
  • Time division multiplexing refers to the use of different periods of the same physical connection to transmit different signals, which can also achieve the purpose of multiplex transmission.
  • Time division multiplexing uses time as a parameter for signal division, so each signal must not overlap each other on the time axis.
  • Time division multiplexing is to divide the time for transmitting information to the entire channel into several time slices (referred to as time slots), and allocate these time slots to each signal source for use.
  • PLC Programmable logic controller
  • the programmable logic controller has the following functions and features:
  • PLC has been standardized, serialized and modularized, equipped with a full range of various hardware devices for users to choose from. Users can flexibly and conveniently configure the system to form systems with different functions and different sizes. PLC installation and wiring are also very convenient, generally use a terminal to connect external wiring. PLC has a strong load capacity and can directly drive general solenoid valves and small AC contactors. After the hardware configuration is determined, the user program can be modified to easily and quickly adapt to changes in process conditions.
  • PLC has adopted a series of hardware and software anti-interference measures, and has strong anti-interference ability. The average time between failures is more than tens of thousands of hours. It can be directly used in industrial production sites with strong interference. PLC has been recognized by the majority of users as the most One of the reliable industrial control equipment.
  • PLC replaces a large number of intermediate relays, time relays, counters and other components in the relay control system with software functions, which greatly reduces the design, installation and wiring workload of the control cabinet.
  • the failure rate of PLC is very low, and it has perfect self-diagnosis and display functions.
  • the cause of the failure can be quickly identified based on the information provided by the light-emitting diodes or programmers on the PLC, and the cause can be quickly eliminated by replacing the module.
  • the VIS layer encodes the received MAC layer data.
  • Figure 2 shows the coding method of the VIS layer.
  • VIS [code] [8] represents the most significant bit
  • VIS [code: 7: 0] represents the remaining 8-bit bits.
  • Figure 2 under different communication states, there are certain differences between VIS code [8] and VIS code [7: 0]. For example, in the idle state, VIS code [8] is 1, and VIS code [7: 0] is 00.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of VIS frames and interleaving. From the perspective of VIS's interleaving principle, VIS technology itself is a time division multiplexing technology below the MAC layer, which timeslots the channels below the MAC layer.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the time delay measurement.
  • the starting point can be equivalent to a FlexE service sending device
  • the ending point can be equivalent to a FlexE service receiving device.
  • the person and car at the starting point may correspond to the service transmission frame header and the reference transmission frame header, respectively, and Y may be equivalent to the delay of the service transmission frame header relative to the transmission reference frame header.
  • the person and car at the end point can correspond to the service receiving frame header and the reference receiving frame header, respectively, and Z can be equivalent to the delay of the service receiving frame header relative to the receiving reference frame header.
  • X may be a transmission delay from sending a reference frame header to receiving a reference frame header.
  • the above method can be used to calculate the uplink delay and the downlink delay respectively, and then calculate the uplink and downlink delay deviations.
  • the above-mentioned calculation method has a low interface rate in the application scenario, that is, when there is no reference frame header available at the physical layer, the above-mentioned calculation method of delay is not suitable.
  • a link segment can include three modules, namely module A, module B, and module C.
  • the delay of the link needs to be counted. Then the number of input data streams (denoted as m) and the number of output data streams (denoted as n) of the link can be counted simultaneously.
  • the delay in the link can be understood as all caused by data buffer processing.
  • the internal cache time of a single data is obtained according to the data rate, that is, the value of the internal cache data quantity m-n can be converted into the internal cache time value, that is, the delay of the link.
  • the calculation accuracy is greatly affected by the statistical value, so there is a higher requirement for the accuracy of the statistical value.
  • the first requirement is that the statistics object must be clear, and the number of valid code blocks must be counted; the second requirement is that the time periods for statistics must be strictly equal, that is, the statistical time periods for input and output must be strictly equal.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of the statistics end time on the statistical results. Because there is a gap between the time slots occupied by the service, if the statistics end time moves within the gap, the input statistics will change, but the output statistics will not change, which will have a greater impact on the overall result. As a result, there are large errors in the statistical values. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, for three different statistical end points, the input statistical value is changing, but the output statistical value is always the same.
  • the output statistical value is 2; when the input statistical value is 5, the output statistical value is 2; when the input statistical value is 6, the output statistical value is 2. Therefore, as you move within the interval, the input statistics always change, but the output statistics always remain the same, resulting in a large error in the statistics.
  • the foregoing is a method for generating a delay when processing a data stream inside a computing device in the prior art.
  • VIS technology improves the interoperability between different types of PLCs and drives.
  • data flow services are applied to VIS technology, the following problems also exist:
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of delay uncertainty introduced according to service mapping.
  • the delay difference is the maximum slot interval.
  • the service needs to be transmitted on the allocated 100Base-T time slot.
  • the time slot allocated for the 100Base-T service has been missed, so the service needs to wait until the next time.
  • Only a 100Base-T service can allocate time slots for transmission, that is, the service arrives at the second moment. Therefore, a delay value between the time when the service reaches the first time and the time when the service is actually transmitted, that is, the time when the service reaches the second time will be generated.
  • the delay value is generated due to the relationship between the time when the service arrives and the time of the time slot that carries the service, so it is impossible to determine the delay that causes the service to be sent.
  • the constant bit rate (CBR) of the exit buffer is read.
  • Business data output Due to the existence of the padding block and the VIS frame header, the service data does not reach the egress buffer uniformly.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of delay uncertainty introduced according to a service exit cache.
  • the delay from the time when code block 1 enters the egress buffer to the output of the CBR service is time delay 1.
  • the time delay from the time when code block 2 enters the egress buffer to the output of the CBR service is time delay 2.
  • Delay 1 and time delay 2 The difference between them is not the distance between code block 1 and code block 2. Because there is a stuffing code block S between code block 1 and code block 2, the delays of code block 1 and code block 2 are inconsistent. The difference is a stuffing code block S between code block 1 and code block 2. distance.
  • the service data does not reach the exit buffer uniformly.
  • Table 1 describes the time synchronization error introduced by the bearer by taking the GE port time slot as an example.
  • the first 7 bytes are the inherent interval between the time slots allocated to the service, and the service occupies one of the 8 time slots.
  • the VIS frame interval (inter-packet gap, IPG) is 12 bytes
  • the VIS preamble is 8 bytes
  • a total of 27 bytes and the bits are converted into a time of 216 ns according to the corresponding rate.
  • this application proposes a method for calculating the delay, so as to calculate and compensate the uplink and downlink delay deviations when the service flow is carried on the VIS time slot, thereby improving the time synchronization performance of the signal. Affects time synchronization of customer signals.
  • the processing flow of data is determined by a delay, and some is determined by a delay.
  • the residence time of the service flow inside the device is uncertain in general. For example, after each power-on or after initialization, the delay value is not consistent with the previous value (after the power-on initialization is completed, the delay value is stable).
  • the delay value generated when a service flow passes through a non-deterministic delay link segment in the device is shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 described above.
  • the delay of a single code block may represent the delay of the entire service flow. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a measurement code block may be inserted into a service flow.
  • the measurement code block may be a delay measurement code block, and the statistics of the measurement code block passing through a non-deterministic delay link segment in the link is counted.
  • the time delay is, for example, inserting a measurement code block into an inbound service data stream of a non-deterministic link segment, detecting the measurement code block in an egress service data stream of the link, and calculating a measurement code block insertion time The time difference between the moment when the measurement code block is detected, and the delay of the measurement code block passing through the link of the segment, that is, the non-deterministic delay value of the link of the segment. And the delay value is transmitted in the network through the special code of VIS.
  • the uplink and downlink delay deviations are calculated and asymmetric compensation is performed.
  • the measurement code block is inserted into the service flow at the access node, terminated at the service egress node, and the intermediate node is transparently transmitted.
  • a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and / or a computer.
  • an application running on a computing device and a computing device can be components.
  • One or more components can reside within a process and / or thread of execution, and a component can be localized on one computer and / or distributed between 2 or more computers.
  • these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • a component may pass according to a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components that interact with another component between a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through signals) Local and / or remote processes to communicate.
  • data packets e.g., data from two components that interact with another component between a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through signals
  • Local and / or remote processes to communicate.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • this solution can be applied to an industrial ethernet scenario, including a programmable logic controller 110 and a virtual interlace sublayer network, which may include one or more virtual interlace sublayer devices, such as a virtual interlace sublayer device 121, The virtual interlace sublayer device 122 and one or more input-output devices, for example, an input-output device 131, an input-output device 132, and an input-output device 133.
  • a virtual interlace sublayer network which may include one or more virtual interlace sublayer devices, such as a virtual interlace sublayer device 121, The virtual interlace sublayer device 122 and one or more input-output devices, for example, an input-output device 131, an input-output device 132, and an input-output device 133.
  • VIS equipment can also be used for the interconnection of industrial Ethernet equipment PLC and IO, providing deterministic low latency performance guarantee.
  • the PLC can be regarded as the master control unit, and it can also be regarded as the master device (master) that ensures time synchronization between the uplink and the downlink.
  • the IO device can be regarded as the slave unit, and it can also be regarded as ensuring the upper and lower time. Slave time synchronization.
  • the VIS device provides interconnection between the PLC and the IO, so as to solve the problem of asymmetry of uplink and downlink delays introduced by the VIS network according to the present application, so that the IO device and the PLC can accurately perform time synchronization.
  • FIG. 9 is an example description of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the above-mentioned industrial Ethernet, flexible Ethernet, or other networks.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of delay calculation according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • This application measures the delay value generated by the service through the non-deterministic delay link segment inside the device, and transmits the delay value in the network through the special code of VIS, and calculates the uplink and downlink on the service egress node or the main control device. Delay deviation and asymmetric compensation.
  • part of the processing flow of data within the device is determined by time delay, and part of the processing flow is non-deterministic. Therefore, the residence time of the service flow inside the device is uncertain overall. For example, after each power-on or after initialization, the current delay value may be inconsistent with the previous delay value (after the power-on initialization is completed, the delay value that appears may be stable).
  • the delay of a single code block can represent the delay of the overall code service. Therefore, a delay measurement code block can be inserted into the service, and the actual downlink delay of the non-deterministic delay link segment in the link is counted to obtain the non-determined uplink and downlink delay of the service. Perform asymmetric compensation.
  • the present application can be divided into three steps of calculating the non-deterministic delay value, transmitting the non-deterministic delay value, calculating the uplink and downlink delay deviation, and compensating the method of delay calculation and compensation of the present application.
  • the first step is the calculation of the non-deterministic delay value.
  • the non-deterministic delay value of the service on the device is calculated. It may include an uplink non-deterministic delay value and a downlink non-deterministic delay value.
  • a link segment with a non-deterministic delay is selected, for an uncertain delay in the link segment, it can be regarded as a non-deterministic link segment.
  • a measurement code block can be inserted into the ingress service data stream of the first segment of the link, the measurement code block is detected in the egress service data stream of the link, and the time between the insertion of the measurement code block and the moment when the measurement code block is detected is calculated.
  • the time difference between the measured code blocks and the first segment of the link is obtained, that is, the non-deterministic delay value of the segment of the link.
  • the measurement code block is inserted at the service access node, terminated at the service egress node, and transparently transmitted at the intermediate node.
  • the measurement code block can be 0x1FF, and the VIS encoding method is shown in Table 2.
  • the control device initiates an asymmetric delay measurement compensation command for the service; the VIS device that receives the command executes the delay measurement code block insertion action and inserts the delay measurement code block Then, an indication signal is given to the delay calculation unit.
  • the delay measurement identification module in the VIS device will detect the delay measurement code block in the data stream downstream of the link, and after detection, it will give an indication signal to the delay calculation unit in the VIS device. ;
  • the delay calculation unit calculates the actual delay of the delay measurement code block through the non-deterministic delay link segment according to the insertion indication signal and the detection indication signal.
  • the uplink and downlink are calculated independently, and the uplink and downlink values are obtained.
  • the second step is the transfer of non-deterministic delay value.
  • the uplink and downlink link segments can be distinguished by using different VIS codes, inserted into the service data stream and shared time slots of the service data Channel, which is passed along with the service signal.
  • two values of the uplink and downlink non-deterministic delays are respectively encoded into a coding group, which are simultaneously inserted into the uplink service flow and the downlink service flow as stuffing code blocks, and transmitted to the edge node or the control device.
  • the coding group can use two 8B9B code blocks as a group, and the first code block can be a control code block, which means that the subsequent control block transmits a delay measurement value. as shown in Table 3.
  • VIS code [8] VIS code [7: 0] Note 1 55 Uplink Delay Code Block Marking 1 AA Downlink Delay Code Block Marking 1 XX Delay value
  • the third step is to calculate and compensate the delay deviation of the uplink and downlink link segments.
  • the methods for calculating and compensating the delay deviation of the uplink and downlink link segments include, but are not limited to, the following two methods:
  • Method 1 Compensation is calculated by the VIS edge device. That is, the delay values calculated by all nodes in the uplink and downlink are transmitted to the edge device, and the edge device calculates the delay deviation to determine whether delay compensation needs to be performed at the node.
  • Method two compensation is performed by the client device. That is, if the VIS network card is integrated in the client device or there is a communication interface with the VIS device, the delay values of all nodes can be passed to the client device, and compensation is carried out using the built-in compensation function in the client device, without the need for VIS device compensation. .
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to flexible Ethernet or other networks in addition to the industrial Ethernet described above.
  • the measurement code block can adopt 64B / 66B encoding.
  • This code uses O-codes (ordered sets) to transmit control information.
  • O code is a specially coded code block, which can be uniquely identified in 64B / 66B coding.
  • 0x4B + 0xB can be used to represent the delay measurement code block
  • D1, D2, D3, and C4, C5, C6, and C7 in the measurement code block are used to distinguish different functions.
  • the code block is a simple delay measurement flag code block.
  • the value of C4 is used to distinguish the uplink delay value and the downlink delay value, and the delay value is transmitted through the total 24 bits in the D1 / D2 / D3 field.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating a delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method in FIG. 11 can be applied to the network architecture in FIG. 9.
  • the method in FIG. 11 may also be applied to a system including a network device, a first client device, and a second client device. For example, it can be used in Industrial Ethernet.
  • the method of FIG. 11 includes:
  • the first network device receives a first service flow.
  • the first network device determines a first delay value according to a first measurement code block in the first service flow, where the first delay value is detected in the first network device. A time difference between a first moment and a second moment of a code block is measured.
  • the delay value of the overall service may be determined by the delay value of a single measurement code block. Furthermore, the client device or edge network device solves the time slotting technology based on the delay value. Due to the asymmetry of the uplink and downlink delays, it introduces errors into the time synchronization. By determining the uplink and downlink delay values, the uplink and downlink delay values are used. Time compensation reduces the asymmetry of uplink and downlink delays, thereby reducing time synchronization errors.
  • delay value may change. After power-on initialization is complete, the delay value can be considered to remain stable.
  • the first delay value is the time difference between the measurement code block detected twice, and the first delay value is the delay value of the first service flow in the first network device.
  • the client device can be connected through multiple network devices, and the delay value can be measured for each network device.
  • the first network device may further receive a second service flow, the second service flow is opposite to a transmission direction of the first service flow, and the second service flow and the first service flow belong to The same service; the first network device determines a second delay value according to a second measurement code block in the second service flow.
  • the first network device can receive the first service flow sent by the first client device, and can also receive the second service flow sent by the second client device, that is, the first network device can measure the uplink delay value. And downlink delay value.
  • the method further includes: sending, by the first network device, the first delay value and the second time delay to a transmission direction of the first service flow or a transmission direction of the second service flow. At least one of the extended values.
  • the first network device may send the first delay value and the second delay value to a first client device or a second client device.
  • the first network device may send the first delay value and the second delay value to an edge network device
  • the edge network device is a device connected to a first client device or a second client device. Internet equipment.
  • the method for determining the second delay value according to the second measurement code block may refer to the method for determining the first delay value according to the first measurement code block, and the specific processes of the two are similar.
  • the first network device when the first network device is the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service flow, the first network device receives the first service flow;
  • the first measurement code block is set in the first service flow;
  • the first network device determines a first delay value according to the first measurement code block.
  • the first network device when the first network device is the first network device for connecting the client device in the first service flow transmission direction, the first network device receives the first service flow and A first measurement code block is set, and the first network device determines a first delay value according to the first measurement code block.
  • setting the first measurement code block in the first service flow may be inserting or adding the first measurement code block to the first service flow.
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block may be code blocks in a multiplexed idle state.
  • a preset value is set in a measurement code block in an idle state to generate a measurement code block.
  • the measurement code block can adopt 64B / 66B encoding.
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block are encoding code blocks with identification information, the first measurement code block is carried in the first service stream, and the second measurement code block is carried in all Described in the second business flow.
  • the measurement code block may be a control code block. Its encoding method is unified with the encoding method of the service, and it is identified by a unique and identifiable encoding.
  • the first network device when the first network device is the first network device in the first service stream transmission direction, when the first network device receives a first instruction, the first network device is in the first network device.
  • the first measurement code block is set in a service flow, and the first instruction is used to instruct to measure a delay value of the first service flow.
  • transmitting a first service flow from a first client device to a second client device through at least one network device is referred to as a downlink
  • transmitting a first service flow from a second client device to at least one network device to The first client device is called the uplink.
  • the first access network device when the first access network device can receive the first instruction sent by the first client device, the first measurement code block is set in the first service flow.
  • the first access device may be the first indication information sent by the second client device, a first measurement code block is set in the first service flow.
  • the first network device is the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, that is, the network device connected to the first client device in the downlink, and the uplink in the uplink Is an access network device connected to the second client device.
  • the first network device writes the first service flow including the first measurement code block into a buffer, the first time is recorded; when the sending time slot of the first service flow is reached, the first network device When the first measurement code block is detected when the first service stream is read from the cache, a second time is recorded; and the first delay value is determined according to the first time and the second time.
  • the first network device in the downlink may be the virtual interlace sublayer device 1 (VIS device 1), or the first network device in the uplink may be the virtual interlace sublayer device 2 (VIS Device 2).
  • the first client device for example, the control device
  • VIS device 1 receives the measurement compensation command, executes the delay measurement code block insertion action, inserts 0x1FF into the service flow of the FE, and writes the inserted measurement code block 0x1FF into the buffer, and records the first moment; when the first service arrives When the time slot of the stream is read, the first service stream is read from the buffer, and the second time is recorded after the measurement code block 0x1FF is detected; based on the first time and the second time, the down time of the first service flow in the VIS device 1 can be determined.
  • the delay value is used to calculate the downlink non-deterministic delay DL1 of the first service flow on the VIS device 1.
  • the first measurement code block is detected in the first service flow, and the first moment is recorded;
  • recording the second moment may include multiple possible implementation manners, for example, it may be the first When the network device reads the first service flow from the cache, the first measurement code block is detected, and the second time is directly recorded. It may also be that the first network device detects the first measurement code block during the process of reading the first service flow from the cache, and records the second time after reading the first service flow and before sending the first service flow.
  • the second moment also includes a partially deterministic delay, that is, the delay between reading the first service stream and sending the first service stream.
  • the method for measuring the delay value of this application can be used to measure the time of uncertainty Delay value, for example, the delay value between writing the service flow to the buffer and reading the service flow from the buffer when the service flow sending time slot is reached.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream. That is, for the downlink, when the first network device is a network device that is not connected to the first client device.
  • the first network device For the uplink, when the first network device is not a network device connected to the second client device.
  • the network device at this time may be referred to as an intermediate network device, and the intermediate network device receives a first service flow including a first measurement code block; the first network device determines a first delay value according to the first measurement code block.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, that is, the first network device may be a network device connected to an intermediate network device, The first network device may also be a network device connected to the second client device.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, that is, the first network device may be a network device connected to an intermediate network device, The first network device may also be a network device connected to the first client device.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, when the first network device detects the first measurement code block, the first time is recorded; The first network device records the second time when the first measurement code block is detected in the egress service data stream, and determines the first delay value according to the first time and the second time.
  • the first network device in the downlink may be the virtual interlace sublayer device 1 (VIS device 1), or the first network device in the uplink may be the virtual interlace sublayer device 2 (VIS Device 2).
  • the virtual interlace sublayer device 1 inserts a measurement code block into the first service flow
  • the virtual interlace sublayer device 2 receives the first service flow with the measurement code block inserted
  • the VIS device 2 detects in the received data flow
  • the measurement code block 0x1FF record the first moment.
  • the measurement code block 0x1FF is read from the cache and the second moment is recorded.
  • the downlink non-deterministic delay DL2 of the first service flow on the VIS device 2 is calculated.
  • the method further includes: when the first network device records a second time, the first network device deletes the measurement code block.
  • the network device connected to the input-output device may delete the measurement code block after recording the second moment.
  • the network device connected to the control device may delete the measurement code block after recording the second moment.
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block are encoding code blocks with identification information
  • the first measurement code block is carried in the first service stream
  • the second measurement code Blocks are carried on the second service flow.
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block may be control code blocks, the encoding method of which is the same as that of the service, and the identification is performed by using a unique and identifiable encoding.
  • the encoding code block can be divided into two parts.
  • the encoding code is a kind of data encapsulation, such as 8b10b and other encoding methods.
  • the encoded data can be called an encoding code block, or a code block.
  • the measurement code block may set a code block generated by a preset value among the code blocks in an idle state.
  • the method further includes: the first network device generates a first coding group according to the first delay value and the second delay value, where the first coding group includes an uplink and downlink identifier, The first delay value and the second delay value, wherein the uplink and downlink identifiers are used to identify the first delay value and the second delay value as uplink delay values or Downlink delay value.
  • the first coding group includes one or more coding code blocks.
  • the first coding group may be one or more coding code blocks. If the first coding group is a coding code block, the coding code block includes uplink and downlink identifiers, the first delay value, and the Information about the second delay value. If the first coding group is multiple coding code blocks, the information of the uplink and downlink identifiers, the first delay value and the second delay value may be carried on different coding code blocks in the first coding group, respectively.
  • the first network device generates a first coding group according to the first delay value and the second delay value, where the first coding group includes a first identification code block, and carries the first code group.
  • first identification code block and the second identification code block may be control code blocks, and are used to indicate whether the delay value carried by the subsequent code block is an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value.
  • the method further includes: the first network device sends the first coding group to a client device, where the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value.
  • the first network device determines the delay value, and transmits the delay value through the coding group.
  • the delay value can be transmitted to the client device or the edge network device.
  • Edge network equipment performs time compensation.
  • the client device can be a control device or an input-output device.
  • the first network device sends the first coding group to the first client device or the second client device
  • the first coding group may include an uplink delay of the first service flow in the first network device.
  • the client device receives the delay coding group sent by the devices connected to all networks, and compensates for the uplink and downlink delays, thereby reducing time synchronization errors.
  • the first client device and the second client device are connected through two network devices, and time compensation is performed by the first client device (for example, a control device) as an example.
  • the first client device for example, a control device
  • Device 1 transmits the locally calculated DL1 and UL2 and the UL1 and DL2 of device 2 parsed from the uplink data stream to the control device, and the control device obtains four delay values of DL1, DL2, UL1, and UL2.
  • the method further includes: the first network device sends the first coding group to an edge network device, the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value, and the edge network device A network device connected to a client device.
  • the first client device is connected to the second client device through the device 1, the device 2, and the device 3.
  • device 1 passes DL1 (representing the downlink delay value of device 1) to device 3 and device 2 passes DL2 to device 3.
  • Device 3 receives DL1, DL2, and DL3 determined by itself can determine the downlink time Extend DL1 + DL2 + DL3.
  • device 1 can also acquire DL2 and DL3.
  • device 3 passes UL3 (indicating the uplink delay value of device 3) to device 1 and device 2 passes UL2 to device 1.
  • Device 1 receives UL3, UL2, and UL1 determined by itself can determine the uplink time Extend UL1 + UL2 + UL3.
  • device 3 can also obtain UL2 and UL1.
  • Equipment 1 and equipment 3 operation compensation are provided by taking an example in which the first client device and the second client device are connected through three network devices and time compensation is performed by the edge network device.
  • Equipment 1 and equipment 3 operation compensation are performed by the edge network device.
  • the delay value of the overall service may be determined by measuring the delay value of the code block. Solve the problem of time slotting due to the asymmetry of the uplink and downlink delays, which introduces errors to time synchronization. By determining the uplink and downlink delay values and using the uplink and downlink delay values for time compensation, the problem of uplink and downlink delay asymmetry is reduced. Thus reducing time synchronization errors.
  • the first network device in FIG. 12 transmits the calculated DL1 and UL2 and the UL1 and DL2 parsed from the uplink data stream to the first client, the first client receives four DL1, DL2, UL1, and UL2. Deferred value.
  • the uplink and downlink delay deviations may be taken into account.
  • a first network device sends the first coding group to an edge network device, where the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value, and the edge network device is connected to a client device.
  • Internet equipment In one example, a first network device sends the first coding group to an edge network device, where the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value, and the edge network device is connected to a client device. Internet equipment.
  • the first network device and the second network device can obtain the delay values DL1, DL2, UL1, and UL2 of all network devices.
  • the service exits of the first network device and the second network device both deploy asymmetric delay compensation buffers.
  • the VIS device is used as an example for illustration.
  • the network device in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the VIS device, and may also be applied to flexible Ethernet or other networks.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of measuring a delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first client device and the second client can be connected through two network devices.
  • the first client device is a control device
  • the second client device is an input / output device
  • the network device is a VIS device.
  • the control device may also be connected to the input / output device through multiple network devices.
  • two network devices are used as an example for illustration.
  • control device (PLC) and the IO device and the VIS device are FE interfaces.
  • the VIS equipment calculates the uplink and downlink non-deterministic delays on the respective devices, and the delay value can be passed to the control device (PLC), and finally the PLC uses its own delay asymmetry compensation function to compensate.
  • This method can be used when the VIS network card is integrated in the PLC or the PLC and the VIS device have communication channels.
  • the implementation steps are as follows. The following steps are described in the downlink direction.
  • the first network device when the first network device is the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, the first network device may be regarded as the VIS device 1.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, the first network device may be regarded as the VIS device 2.
  • Step 1 After the service channel is established, the control device network device 1 sends a first instruction for a certain service flow.
  • control device sends an asymmetric delay measurement compensation command to the VIS device 1 for the first service flow.
  • Step 2 When the first network device receives the first instruction sent by the control device, a measurement code block is set in the first service flow.
  • the VIS device 1 receives a command, performs a delay measurement code block insertion action, and inserts a measurement code block 0x1FF into a service flow of the FE.
  • Step 3 When the first network device writes the first service flow including the measurement code block into a buffer, the first time is recorded; when the sending time slot of the first service flow is reached, the first network device The device reads the first service flow from the cache; when the first switch device detects the measurement code block, it records a second time.
  • the VIS device 1 inserts the delay measurement code block 0x1FF into the first service stream and writes it into the cache to record the first time; when the delay measurement code block is detected in the data stream downstream of the link, the second time is recorded.
  • Step 4 The first network device determines a downlink delay DL1 of the first service flow in the first network device according to the first time and the second time.
  • the first network device can be regarded as the VIS device 1, that is, the first network device is the first network device in the direction of the first service flow transmission, that is, for the downlink
  • the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream is the network device connected to the control device.
  • Step 5 When the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, for example, VIS device 2.
  • the first network device receives the first service flow including the measurement code block, and records a third time when the first network device detects the measurement code block.
  • the VIS device 2 detects the measurement code block 0x1FF in the received first service flow, and records the third time.
  • Step 6 When the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, when the first network device detects the measurement code block in the egress service data stream, record the fourth moment .
  • the VIS device 2 stores it in the service exit buffer, and when the measurement code block 0x1FF is read from the buffer, the fourth time is recorded.
  • step 6 further includes deleting the measurement code block by the first network device when the fourth moment is recorded.
  • Step 7 Determine the downlink non-deterministic delay DL2 of the first service flow in the VIS device 2 according to the third time and the fourth time.
  • the first network device can be regarded as the VIS device 2, that is, when the first network device is a network device other than the first network device in the direction of the first service stream transmission, that is, That is, for the downlink, the first network device in the direction of transmission of the first service stream is the intermediate network device.
  • Step 8 For the uplink, repeat steps 2 to 7 to obtain the uplink non-deterministic delays UL1 and UL2 of the first service flow.
  • Step 9 encode the two values of the uplink and downlink non-deterministic delays into coding groups, insert them into the uplink service flow as stuffing code blocks, and transmit them to the control device.
  • the coding group may use a group of two 8B9B code blocks, and the first code block is a control code block, that is, 0x155 may represent a control code block.
  • the latter control block transmits the delay measurement value, that is, UL1 and DL2 can represent the delay value.
  • 0x0xx may represent a data code block.
  • Step 10 The control device performs compensation according to the uplink delay value and the downlink delay value.
  • VIS device 1 passes the locally calculated DL1 and UL2 and the UL1 and DL2 parsed from the uplink data stream to the control device.
  • the uplink and downlink delay deviations may be taken into account.
  • the size of the serial numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the VIS device is used as an example for illustration, and the network device in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the VIS device.
  • the above-mentioned networking method can also be shown in FIG. 14.
  • the VIS device 1 is integrated on the control device in the form of a network card.
  • the first client device needs to support the VIS interface, and the VIS device 1 It is similar to VIS device 2 and FIG. 12, and is not repeated here.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of measuring a delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first client device and the second client can be connected through two network devices.
  • the first client device is a control device
  • the second client device is an input / output device
  • the network device is VIS equipment is used as an example for illustration.
  • the control device may also be connected to the input / output device through multiple network devices.
  • two network devices are used as an example for illustration.
  • the control device (PLC) and the IO device and the VIS device are FE interfaces.
  • the VIS equipment calculates the uplink and downlink non-deterministic delays on the respective devices, passes the delay value to the VIS edge device, and finally the VIS edge device performs delay asymmetry compensation at the service exit.
  • the implementation steps are as follows. The following steps are described in the downlink direction.
  • the first network device when the first network device is the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, the first network device may be regarded as the VIS device 1.
  • the first network device when the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, the first network device may be regarded as the VIS device 2.
  • Step 1 After the service channel is established, the control device network device 1 sends a first instruction for a certain service flow.
  • control device sends an asymmetric delay measurement compensation command to the VIS device 1 for the first service flow.
  • Step 2 When the first network device receives the first instruction sent by the control device, a measurement code block is set in the first service flow.
  • the VIS device 1 receives a command, performs a delay measurement code block insertion action, and inserts a measurement code block 0x1FF into a service flow of the FE.
  • Step 3 When the first network device writes the first service flow including the measurement code block into a buffer, the first time is recorded; when the sending time slot of the first service flow is reached, the first network device The device reads the first service flow from the cache; when the first switch device detects the measurement code block, it records a second time.
  • the VIS device 1 inserts the delay measurement code block 0x1FF into the first service stream and writes it into the cache to record the first time; when the delay measurement code block is detected in the data stream downstream of the link, the second time is recorded.
  • Step 4 The first network device determines a downlink delay DL1 of the first service flow in the first network device according to the first time and the second time.
  • the first network device can be regarded as the VIS device 1, that is, the first network device is the first network device in the direction of the first service flow transmission, that is, for the downlink
  • the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream is the network device connected to the control device.
  • Step 5 When the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, for example, VIS device 2.
  • the first network device receives the first service flow including the measurement code block, and records a third time when the first network device detects the measurement code block.
  • the VIS device 2 detects the measurement code block 0x1FF in the received first service flow, and records the third time.
  • Step 6 When the first network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, when the first network device detects the measurement code block in the egress service data stream, record the fourth moment .
  • the VIS device 2 stores it in the service exit buffer, and when the measurement code block 0x1FF is read from the buffer, the fourth time is recorded.
  • step 6 further includes deleting the measurement code block by the first network device when the fourth moment is recorded.
  • Step 7 Determine the downlink non-deterministic delay DL2 of the first service flow in the VIS device 2 according to the third time and the fourth time.
  • the first network device can be regarded as the VIS device 2, that is, when the first network device is a network device other than the first network device in the direction of the first service stream transmission, that is, That is, for the downlink, the first network device in the direction of transmission of the first service stream is the intermediate network device.
  • Step 8 For the uplink, repeat steps 2 to 7 to obtain the uplink non-deterministic delays UL1 and UL2 of the first service flow.
  • Step 9 encode the two values of the uplink and downlink non-deterministic delays into coding groups, insert them into the uplink service flow as stuffing code blocks, and transmit them to the control device.
  • the coding group may use a group of two 8B9B code blocks, and the first code block is a control code block, that is, 0x155 may represent a control code block.
  • the latter control block transmits the delay measurement value, that is, UL1 and DL2 can represent the delay value.
  • 0x0xx may represent a data code block.
  • Step 10 Through calculation and transmission, VIS device 1 and VIS device 2 can obtain the delay values DL1, DL2, UL1, and UL2 of all network devices.
  • the service exits of VIS device 1 and VIS device 2 are deployed with asymmetric delay compensation buffers.
  • VIS device 1 and VIS device 2 compute compensation:
  • VIS device 2 does not need to compensate for the delay.
  • VIS device 1 does not need to compensate for the delay.
  • the size of the serial numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the VIS device is used as an example for illustration, and the network device in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the VIS device.
  • the network device can measure the delay value of the first service flow based on the measurement in the first service flow, and obtain the obtained delay value Time compensation is performed in the uplink and downlink to reduce time synchronization errors. It should be understood that the network device in this embodiment of the present application can execute the various methods of the foregoing embodiments of the present application, that is, the specific working processes of the following various products, refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a network device 700 according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the network device 700 can perform each step performed by the first network device in the method embodiment. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • the network device 700 shown in FIG. 16 includes:
  • the network device 700 includes a communication module 710 and a processing module 720.
  • the communication module 710 is configured to receive a first service flow.
  • the processing module 720 is configured to determine a first delay value according to a first measurement code block in the first service flow, where the first delay value is the first measurement detected in the first network device. The time difference between the first time and the second time of the code block.
  • the delay value of the overall service may be determined by the delay value of a single measurement code block.
  • the edge network equipment or the client equipment is used to compensate for the time synchronization by introducing an error to the time synchronization.
  • the uplink and downlink delay values are used for time compensation to reduce the up and down. The problem of asymmetric line delays reduces time synchronization errors.
  • the communication module 710 is further configured to receive a second service flow, where the second service flow is opposite to a transmission direction of the first service flow, and the second service flow and the first service flow Belonging to the same service; the processing module 720 is further configured to determine a second delay value according to a second measurement code block in the second service flow.
  • the communication module 710 is further configured to:
  • the processing module 720 is specifically configured to: when the network device is the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, set the first measurement code in the first service stream Piece;
  • the processing module 720 is specifically configured to set the first measurement code block in the first service flow when the network device receives a first instruction, and the first instruction is used to instruct a measurement station.
  • the delay value of the first service flow is described.
  • the processing module 720 is specifically configured to: when the network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, receive, by the communication module, a packet including the first measurement code block.
  • processing module 720 is further configured to: detect the first measurement code block in the first service flow before writing the first service flow to the cache, and record the first time;
  • the processing module 720 is further configured to delete the first measurement code block.
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block are encoding code blocks with identification information
  • the first measurement code block is carried in the first service stream
  • the second measurement code Blocks are carried on the second service flow.
  • the processing module 720 is further configured to generate a first coding group according to the first delay value and the second delay value, where the first coding group includes an uplink and downlink identifier, the first Information about the delay value and the second delay value, wherein the uplink and downlink identifiers are used to identify the first delay value and the second delay value as an uplink delay value or a downlink delay, respectively value.
  • the first coding group includes one or more coding code blocks.
  • the processing module 720 is further configured to generate a first encoding group according to the first delay value and the second delay value, where the first encoding group includes a first identification encoding code block An encoding code block carrying the first delay value, a second identification encoding code block, and an encoding code block carrying the second delay value, the first identification encoding code block is used to identify the first time delay
  • the delay value is an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value
  • the second identification code block is used to identify that the second delay value is an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value.
  • the communication module 710 is further configured to:
  • the edge network device Sending the first coding group to the edge network device, where the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value, and the edge network device is a network device connected to a client device.
  • a method for measuring a delay value is provided. Specifically, a network device is used to set a measurement code block in a first service flow. By determining a delay value of the measurement code block, the first service flow is determined to be The delay value in the network device transmits the determined uplink and downlink delay values to the edge network device or the control device for time compensation, thereby reducing the time synchronization error.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a network device for measuring delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first client device may be a control device
  • the second client device may be an input / output device.
  • the control device and the input / output device are connected through multiple network devices. Here, three networks are used. The equipment is illustrated.
  • the network equipment product form is an industrial switch device that supports the VIS interface.
  • the following functional modules need to be added to the service processing link.
  • the edge network device may include a service receiving module, a measurement code block insertion module, a virtual interleaving transmission module, a delay measurement identification module, a delay calculation module, an identification measurement code module, a removal module, and an exit Buffer module, virtual interleaving receiving module, etc.
  • the intermediate network device includes the same or corresponding module as the edge network device, and is configured to execute the method for measuring delay in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the control device sends the first service flow to the input / output device as an example (downlink) for description.
  • the service receiving module in the edge network device receives the first service flow sent by the control device, and when the service receiving module receives the control device, it sends the sending VIS device 1
  • the measurement code block insertion module performs a measurement code block insertion operation. It may be that the measurement code block 0x1FF is inserted into the service flow of the FE, the first service flow inserted into the measurement code block is written into the buffer, and an indication signal is given to the delay calculation module to record the first moment.
  • the delay measurement code block detection module After the measurement code block 0x1FF is inserted, the delay measurement code block detection module will detect the delay measurement code block in the data stream downstream of the link, and after detecting 0x1FF, it will give an indication signal to the delay calculation unit and record the second moment.
  • the delay calculation module calculates the downlink non-deterministic delay DL1 of the VIS device 1 according to the time recorded by the instruction signal and the detection instruction signal respectively.
  • the VIS receiving module receives the first service flow sent by the VIS sending module of the edge network device, the first service flow includes the measurement code block, and is detected in the measurement code block identification module of the intermediate network device.
  • the measurement module 0x1FF gives an indication signal to the delay calculation module and records the third moment; after analyzing the service, it is stored in the service exit cache module, and the measurement code block 0x1FF is read from the service exit cache module, and the indication signal is given.
  • the fourth time is recorded; the intermediate network device calculates the downlink non-deterministic delay DL2 in the intermediate network device according to the times recorded by the two indication signals respectively.
  • the VIS receiving module receives the first service flow sent by the VIS sending module of the edge network device, the first service flow includes the measurement code block, and the measurement code block of the intermediate network device
  • the measurement module 0x1FF is detected in the identification module, and an indication signal is given to the delay calculation module to record the fifth moment.
  • the measurement code block 0x1FF is read from the service exit cache module.
  • Gives an indication signal to the delay calculation module records the sixth moment, and deletes the measurement code block at the same time.
  • the network device calculates a downlink non-deterministic delay DL3 in the network device according to the moments respectively recorded by the two indication signals.
  • FIG. 18 the network device connected to the control device is integrated on the control device in the form of a network card. Among them, the control device needs to support the VIS interface, and other The process is similar to that in FIG. 17 and will not be repeated here.
  • the first network device is used to connect the first client device and the second client device.
  • a method for measuring a delay value is provided. Specifically, a network device is used to set a measurement code block in a first service flow. By determining a delay value of the measurement code block, the first service flow is determined to be The delay value in the network device transmits the determined uplink and downlink delay values to the edge network device or the control device for time compensation, thereby reducing the time synchronization error.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of a network device 900 according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the network device 900 can perform each step performed by the first network device in the method embodiment. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein.
  • the network device 900 includes:
  • a memory 910 configured to store a program
  • a communication interface 920 configured to receive a first service flow
  • the processor 930 is configured to execute a program in the memory 910. When the program is executed, the processor 930 is configured to determine a first delay value according to a first measurement code block in the first service flow.
  • the first delay value is a time difference between a first time and a second time when the first measurement code block is detected in the first network device.
  • the first network device may be used to connect the first client device and the second client device, and the first client device and the second client device may pass through at least one Network devices to connect.
  • the communication interface 920 is further configured to receive a second service flow, where the second service flow is opposite to a transmission direction of the first service flow, and the second service flow and the first service flow belong to The same service; the processor 930 is further configured to determine a second delay value according to a second measurement code block in the second service stream.
  • the communication interface 920 is further configured to send the first delay value and the second delay value to the first client device or the second client device.
  • the communication interface 920 is further configured to send the first delay value and the second delay value to the transmission direction of the first service flow or the transmission direction of the second service flow. at least one.
  • the processor 930 is specifically configured to set the first measurement code block in the first service flow when the network device is a first network device in a transmission direction of the first service flow. Determining a first delay value according to the first measurement code block.
  • the processor 930 is specifically configured to set the first measurement code block in the first service flow when the network device receives a first instruction, and the first instruction is used to instruct a measurement station.
  • the delay value of the first service flow is described.
  • the processor 930 is specifically configured to, when the network device is not the first network device in the transmission direction of the first service stream, receive, by the communication module, all addresses including the first measurement code block. Said the first business flow;
  • the processor 930 is further configured to detect the first measurement code block in the first service flow before writing the first service flow to the cache, and record the first moment;
  • the processor 930 is further configured to delete the first measurement code block.
  • the first measurement code block and the second measurement code block are encoding code blocks with identification information
  • the first measurement code block is carried in the first service stream
  • the second measurement code Blocks are carried on the second service flow.
  • the processor 930 is further configured to generate a first coding group according to the first delay value and the second delay value, where the first coding group includes an uplink and downlink identifier, the first time Information about the delay value and the second delay value, wherein the uplink and downlink identifiers are used to identify the first delay value and the second delay value as an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value, respectively .
  • the first coding group includes one or more coding code blocks.
  • the processor 930 is further configured to generate a first encoding group according to the first delay value and the second delay value, where the first encoding group includes a first identification encoding code block, A code block carrying the first delay value, a second identification code block, and a code block carrying the second delay value, the first identification code block is used to identify the first delay The value is an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value, and the second identification code block is used to identify that the second delay value is an uplink delay value or a downlink delay value.
  • the communication interface 920 is further configured to send the first coding group to the client device, where the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value; or
  • the edge network device Sending the first coding group to the edge network device, where the first coding group includes an uplink delay value and a downlink delay value, and the edge network device is a network device connected to a client device.
  • the network device shown in FIG. 19 may be a chip or a circuit, or other types of network devices.
  • a chip or circuit can be provided in the network device.
  • the above-mentioned communication interface may be interchanged with a transceiver.
  • the transceiver includes a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the network device 900 may further include a bus system.
  • the processor 930, the memory 910, the receiver and the transmitter are connected through a bus system.
  • the processor 930 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 910 to control the receiver to receive signals and control the transmitter to send signals to complete the communication of this application Steps of a network device in a method.
  • the receiver and the transmitter may be the same or different physical entities. When they are the same physical entity, they can be collectively referred to as transceivers.
  • the memory 910 may be integrated in the processor 930, or may be provided separately from the processor 930.
  • the functions of the receiver and the transmitter may be considered to be implemented by a transceiver circuit or a transceiver chip.
  • the processor 930 may be implemented by a dedicated processing chip, a processing circuit, a processor, or a general-purpose chip.
  • a manner of using a general-purpose computer may be considered to implement the network device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the program code that is to implement the functions of the processor 930, the receiver, and the transmitter is stored in the memory, and the general-purpose processor implements the functions of the processor 930, the receiver, and the transmitter by executing the code in the memory.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application is essentially a part that contributes to the existing technology or a part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disks, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks or compact discs and other media that can store program codes .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种测量时延的方法和网络设备，该方法包括：第一网络设备接收第一业务流；该第一网络设备根据该第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，该第一时延值为在该第一网络设备中检测到该第一测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。基于上述技术方案，该网络设备能够通过测量业务流中测量码块的时延值确定该业务流的时延值。

Description

测量时延的方法和网络设备
本申请要求于2018年08月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810974558.8、申请名称为“测量时延的方法和网络设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及信息技术领域，更具体地，涉及测量时延的方法以及网络设备。
背景技术
虚拟交织子层(virtual interleaving sub-layer，VIS)技术本身是一种在媒体访问控制层(media access control，MAC)以下的时分复用技术，将MAC层以下的通道进行时隙化。时隙化之后，就可以利用时隙化的通道来传输低速的工业以太业务。但时隙化会带来普遍的单向时延不确定问题，即业务到达时刻和传输时隙时刻的随机关系，导致业务时延不确定。
当业务映射到VIS中的时隙时，在业务映射和出口缓存均会引入时延不确定。随着设备级联数量增多，不确定性时延会累计，导致通信效率降低。
发明内容
本申请提供一种时延的计算和补偿的方法以及装置，能够通过测量业务流中一个测量码块的时延值确定业务流的时延值。
第一方面，提供了一种测量时延的方法，所述方法包括：
第一网络设备接收第一业务流；
所述第一网络设备根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，所述第一时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述第一测量码块的第一次时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，可以通过测量业务流中测量码块的时延值从而确定该业务流的时延值。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，第一网络设备可以用于连接第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备，第一客户端设备与第二客户端设备之间可以通过至少一个网络设备进行连接。
例如，对于工业以太网而言，第一客户端设备可以是控制设备，第二客户端设备可以是输入输出设备。此外，第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备还可以是灵活以太网中的客户设备。
应理解，在本申请的实施例中，第一网络设备可以位于不同的位置。
在一个示例中，第一网络设备可以是与控制设备连接的网络设备，也可以是与输入输出设备连接的网络设备，也可以是与中间网络设备连接的网络设备。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备接收第二业务流，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流的传输方向相反，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流属于同一个业务；
所述第一网络设备根据所述第二业务流中的第二测量码块确定第二时延值，所述第二时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述第二测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
应理解，根据第二测量码块确定第二时延值的方法可以参照根据第一测量码块确定第一时延值的方法，两者具体过程相类似。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备向所述第一业务流的传输方向或所述第二业务流的传输方向发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值中的至少一个。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，第一网络设备可以通过测量码块确定上行时延值和下行时延值，进而根据时延值能够进行时间补偿。
例如，第一时延值可以是上行链路的时延值，第二时延值可以是下行链路的时延值，第一网络设备可以向上行的客户端设备发送第一网络设备的上行和下行的时延值，也可以向下行客户端设备发送第一网络设备的上行和下行的时延值，进而由客户端设备进行时间的补偿。
例如，第一时延值可以是上行链路的时延值，第二时延值可以是下行链路的时延值，第一网络设备可以向上行的边沿网络设备发送第一网络设备的上行和下行的时延值，也可以向下行边沿网络设备发送第一网络设备的上行和下行的时延值，进而由边沿网络设备进行时间的补偿。
应理解，当第一客户端与第二客户端之间通过多个网络设备连接的时候，每个网络设备均可以将上行时延值和下行时延值发送至客户端设备，进而由客户端设备或者边沿网络设备进行时间的补偿。
应理解，在本申请的实施例中，第一业务流可以是下行链路的业务流，即第一客户端设备通过第一网络设备向第二客户端设备发送的业务流，第二业务流可以是上行链路的业务流，即可以是第二客户端设备通过第一网络设备向第一客户端设备发送的业务流。还应理解，在本申请的实施例中确定第二时延值的方法可以参照确定第一时延值的方法。
需要说明的是，下行的第一业务流和上行的第二业务流属于同一个业务，第一业务流和第二业务流连接着相同的设备。发送第一业务流的设备，同时作为第二业务流的接收设备。发送第二业务流的设备，同时作为第一业务流的接收设备。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一网络设备根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，包括：
在所述第一网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块；
所述第一网络设备根据所述第一测量码块确定第一时延值。
在一个示例中，对于下行链路，在所述第一网络设备可以是第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时即第一网络设备可以是与控制设备连接的网络设备，第一网络设备在接收控制设备发送的第一业务流中设置第一测量码块。
在一个示例中，对于上行链路，在所述第一网络设备可以是第二业务流传输方向的第 一个网络设备，即第一网络设备可以是与输入输出设备连接的网络设备，第一网络设备在接收输出输出设备发送的第一业务流中设置第一测量码块。
应理解，在第一业务流中设置第一测量码块，可以是在第一业务流中插入第一测量码块，或者可以是在第一业务流中增加第一测量码块。第一测量码块可以是复用的空闲态码块。具体地，可以是在空闲态码块中设置预设值生成第一测量码块。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，包括：
在所述第一网络设备接收第一指令时，所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，所述第一指令用于指示测量所述第一业务流的时延值。
在一个示例中，对于下行链路，第一网络设备是与第一客户端设备连接的网络设备时，例如，第一网络设备在接收控制设备发送的第一指令时在第一业务流中设置第一测量码块。
在一个示例中，对于上行链路，第一网络设备是与第二客户端设备连接的网络设备时，例如，第一网络设备在接收输出输出设备发送的第一指令时在第一业务流中设置第一测量码块。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一网络设备根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，包括：
在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，所述第一网络设备接收包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流；
所述第一网络设备根据所述第一测量码块确定所述第一时延值。
应理解，在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，第一网络设备透传包括第一测量码块的第一业务流。此时，第一网络设备可以是与中间网络设备连接的网络设备，第一网络设备也可以是第一业务流传输方向的最后一个网络设备。
在一个示例中，对于下行链路，在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，即第一网络设备可以是与中间网络设备连接的网络设备，第一网络设备也可以是与输入输出设备连接的网络设备。
在一个示例中，对于上行链路，在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，即第一网络设备可以是与中间网络设备连接的网络设备，第一网络设备也可以是与控制设备设备连接的网络设备。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备将所述第一业务流写入缓存之前在所述第一业务流中检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第一时刻；
在所述第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻；
所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
例如，在所述第一网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，所述第一网络设备将包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流写入缓存时，记录所述第一时刻；在到达所述第一业务流的发送时隙时，所述第一网络设备在读取缓存中的所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻；根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
在一个示例中，对于下行链路，第一网络设备可以是与控制设备连接的网络设备时，所述第一网络设备将包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流写入缓存时，记录第一时刻；在到达所述第一业务流的发送时隙时，所述第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流；在所述第一网络设备检测到所述第一测量码块时，记录第二时刻；根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。第一时延值是第一业务流在第一网络设备中的时延值。
在一个示例中，对于上行链路，第一网络设备可以是与输入输出设备连接的网络设备时，所述第一网络设备将包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流写入缓存时，记录第一时刻；在到达所述第一业务流的发送时隙时，所述第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流；在所述第一网络设备检测到所述第一测量码块时，记录第二时刻；根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。第一时延值是第一业务流在第一网络设备中的时延值。
应理解，对于工业以太网第一客户端设备可以是控制设备，第二客户端设备可以是输入输出设备。此外，第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备还可以是灵活以太网中的客户设备。
例如，在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，所述第一网络设备接收包括第一测量码块的第一业务流；在所述第一网络设备检测到所述第一测量码块时，记录第一时刻；所述第一网络设备在出口业务数据流中检测到所述第一测量码块时，记录第二时刻；根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
应理解，根据第一时刻和第二时刻确定第一时延值的第一网络设备为透传包括测量码块的第一业务流的网络设备，此时第一网络设备接收到的第一业务流中已经包括了测量码块，测量码块为第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备在第一业务流中设置的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述记录所述第二时刻之后，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备删除所述第一测量码块。
例如，第一网络设备是第一业务流传输方向的最后一个网络设备，则第一网络设备在记录第二时刻之后，可以将第一业务流中的第一测量码块删除，将第一业务流发送至客户端设备。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一测量码块和所述第二测量码块为具有标识信息的编码码块，所述第一测量码块承载于所述第一业务流，所述第二测量码块承载于所述第二业务流。
应理解，第一测量码块和第二测量码块可以是控制码块，其编码方式和业务的编码方式统一，采用唯一可识别的编码进行标识。编码码块可分两部分，编码code，是一种数据的封装，例如8b/10b等编码方式，编码后的数据，可称之为编码码块了，或者称为码块。
例如，测量码块还可以是在空闲态的码块中设置预设值生成的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息，其中，所述上下行标识用于标识所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值为分别为上行时延值或下行时延值。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一编码组包括一个或多个编码码块。
应理解，第一编码组可以是一个或者多个编码码块，若第一编码组是一个编码码块时，其中该编码码块上包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息。若第一编码组是多个编码码块时，上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息可以分别承载于第一编码组中不同的编码码块上。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，其中，所述第一编码组包括第一标识编码码块、承载所述第一时延值的编码码块、第二标识编码码块、承载所述第二时延值的编码码块，所述第一标识编码码块用于标识所述第一时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值，所述第二标识编码码块用于标识所述第二时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值。
需要说明的是，第一标识码块和第二标识码块可以是控制码块，用于指示后面的码块承载的时延值为上行时延值还是下行时延值。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备向客户端设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值。
应理解，在本申请的实施例中，可以将上行链路和下行链路确定的时延两个值，分别编码成编码组，作为填充码块同时插入到上行业务流中和下行业务流中，传输到边沿网络设备或者客户端设备。
例如，上行时延标识码块和下行时延标识码块可以是控制码块。编码组可以采用两个8B9B码块一组，第一个码块为控制码块，表示后面的控制块传递的是时延测量值。其中，可以用0x0XX表示数据码块，可以用0x155表示上行时延标识码块，可以用0x1AA表示下行时延标识码块，可以用0x1XX表示时延值。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，第一网络设备确定时延值，通过编码组传递时延值，可以将时延值传递至客户端设备或者边沿网络设备，由客户端设备或者边沿网络设备进行时间补偿。
在一个示例中，第一网络设备向客户端设备发送编码组，编码组中可以包括第一业务流在第一网络设备中的上行时延值和下行时延值，对上行链路和下行链路的时延进行补偿，进而减少时间同步误差。
例如，以第一客户端设备(例如，控制设备)和第二客户端设备(输入输出设备)之间通过两个网络设备连接，且由控制设备进行时间补偿为例说明。
设备1把本地计算的DL1和UL2以及从上行数据流中解析的设备2的UL1和DL2，传递给控制设备，控制设备得到DL1、DL2、UL1以及UL2四个时延值。控制设备计算：下行时延＝DL1+DL2；上行时延＝UL1+UL2；控制设备(PLC)在对输入输出设备(IO)设备发送时间偏差调整命令时，把上下行时延偏差考虑在内即可。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述第一网络设备向边沿网络设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值，所述边沿网络设备为与客户端设备连接的网络设备。
在一个示例中，假设第一客户端设备通过设备1、设备2、设备3与第二客户端设备进行连接。对于下行链路，设备1将DL1(表示设备1的下行时延值)传递至设备3以及设备2将DL2传递至设备3，设备3接收到DL1、DL2以及根据自身确定的DL3可以确 定下行时延DL1+DL2+DL3。此外，设备1也可以获取DL2和DL3。对于上行链路，设备3将UL3(表示设备3的上行时延值)传递至设备1以及设备2将UL2传递至设备1，设备1接收到UL3、UL2以及根据自身确定的UL1可以确定上行时延UL1+UL2+UL3。此外，设备3也可以获取UL2和UL1。
以第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备之间通过3个网络设备连接，且由边沿网络设备进行时间补偿为例说明。设备1和设备3运算补偿：
若DL1+DL2+DL3>UL1+UL2+UL3，则需要加大上行链路时延，即控制设备1的非对称时延补偿缓存的读写地址，使上行链路时延增加DL1+DL2+DL3-UL1-UL2-UL3。设备3不需要补偿时延。
若DL1+DL2+DL3<UL1+UL2+UL3，则需要加大下行链路时延，即控制设备3的非对称时延补偿缓存的读写地址，使上行链路时延增加UL1+UL2+UL3-DL1-DL2-DL3。设备1不需要补偿时延。
若DL1+DL2+DL3＝UL1+UL2+UL3，则上下行时延相等对称，设备1和设备2均不需要补偿。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，可以通过测量码块的时延值确定整体业务的时延值。解决时隙化技术由于上下行时延不对称给时间同步引入误差，通过确定上行和下行的时延值，使用上行和下行的时延值进行时间补偿，减小上下行时延不对称问题，从而减小时间同步误差。
应理解，设备1、设备2、设备3可以是任何将传输业务流的通道时隙化的网络设备。例如，可以是虚拟交织子层(VIS)设备。
第二方面，提供了一种网络设备，所述网络设备为第一网络设备，包括：
通信模块，用于接收第一业务流；
处理模块，用于根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，所述第一时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述第一测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述通信模块还用于：接收第二业务流，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流的传输方向相反，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流属于同一个业务；所述处理模块还用于，根据所述第二业务流中的第二测量码块确定第二时延值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述通信模块还用于：
向所述第一业务流的传输方向或所述第二业务流的传输方向发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值中的至少一个。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述通信模块还用于：
所述处理模块具体用于：
在所述网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块；
根据所述第一测量码块确定第一时延值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述通信模块还用于：
所述处理模块具体用于在所述网络设备接收第一指令时，在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，所述第一指令用于指示测量所述第一业务流的时延值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述通信模块还用于：
所述处理模块具体用于：
在所述网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，通过所述通信模块接收包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流；
根据所述第一测量码块确定所述第一时延值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理模块还用于：
将所述第一业务流写入缓存之前在所述第一业务流中检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第一时刻；
从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻；
根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理模块还用于：
删除所述第一测量码块。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一测量码块和所述第二测量码块为具有标识信息的编码码块，所述第一测量码块承载于所述第一业务流，所述第二测量码块承载于所述第二业务流。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理模块还用于：
根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息，其中，所述上下行标识用于标识所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值为分别为上行时延值或下行时延值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一编码组包括一个或多个编码码块。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理模块还用于：
根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，其中，所述第一编码组包括第一标识编码码块、承载所述第一时延值的编码码块、第二标识编码码块、承载所述第二时延值的编码码块，所述第一标识编码码块用于标识所述第一时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值，所述第二标识编码码块用于标识所述第二时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述通信模块还用于：
向客户端设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值；或者
向所述边沿网络设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值，所述边沿网络设备为与客户端设备连接的网络设备。
第三方面，提供了一种网络设备，该网络设备包括：存储器，用于存储计算机程序；处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述网络设备执行上述第一方面或第一方面中的任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第四方面，提供了一种系统，该系统包括上述第二方面或第二方面中的任一种可能实现方式中的网络设备。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储用于实现第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式所述的方法的指令。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式所述的 方法。
附图说明
图1是基于虚拟交织子层技术内部实现架构的示意图。
图2是基于虚拟交织子层技术的编码方式的示意图。
图3是基于虚拟交织子层技术中帧与交织原理的示意图。
图4是根据现有技术中测量时延的方法的示意图。
图5是根据现有技术中统计时延的方法的示意图。
图6是根据现有技术中统计时延中结束时刻对统计结果的影响的示意图。
图7是根据虚拟交织子层技术中业务映射引入的时延不确定的示意图。
图8是根据虚拟交织子层技术中业务出口缓存引入的时延不确定的示意图。
图9是本申请实施例应用场景的示意图。
图10是根据本申请实施例测量时延的方法的示意图。
图11是根据本申请实施例测量时延的方法的示意图。
图12是根据本申请一个实施例测量时延的方法的示意图。
图13是根据本申请一个实施例的传递时延值编码组的示意图。
图14是根据本申请一个实施例测量时延的方法的示意图。
图15是根据本申请一个实施例测量时延的方法的示意图。
图16是根据本申请一个实施例的网络设备的示意性框图。
图17是根据本申请另一个实施例的网络设备的示意性框图。
图18是根据本申请另一个实施例的网络设备的示意性框图。
图19是根据本申请另一个实施例的网络设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
为了更好地理解本申请实施例的测量时延的方法，下面先对相关的一些基本概念进行简单说明。
协调子层(reconciliation sub-layer，RS)，它的主要功能是提供一种媒体无关接口(media-independent interface，MII)和媒体访问控制层(media access control，MAC)之间的信号映射机制。
MAC层，它的主要功能是负责把物理层的“0”、“1”比特流组建成帧，并通过帧尾部的错误校验信息进行错误校验。
MAC子层，它的主要功能是将目标计算机的物理地址添加到数据帧上，当此数据帧传递到对端的MAC层后，它检查该地址是否与自己的地址相匹配，如果帧中的地址与自己的地址不匹配，就将这一帧抛弃；如果相匹配，就将它发送到上一层中。
xMII接口，xMII接口定义为各种以太网端口速率或各种版本的MII接口类型的统称。
例如，100M以太网称为：MII；MII的简化版：RMII(reduced MII)；串行MII：SMII(serial MII)；串行同步MII：SSMII(serial sync MII)；1000M以太网MII称为：GMII(gigabit MII)；GMII的简化版：RGMII(reduced GMII)；10G以太网MII接口：XGMII和XAUI；40G以太网MII接口：XLGMII和XLAUI；100G以太网MII接口：CGMII和CAUI。
交织处理：
以太网，是当今现有局域网采用的最通用的通信协议标准。以太网络使用CSMA/CD(载波监听多路访问及冲突检测)技术，并以10M/S的速率运行在多种类型的电缆上。
GE接口，指的是千兆以太网(Gigabit Ethernet)接口，带有GE标记的接口，说明是1000M以太网网络接口。
FE接口，指的是百兆以太网接口，即目前主流100M网络也称为快速以太网(Fast Ethernet)。
虚拟交织子层(virtual interleaving sub-layer，VIS)技术，VIS层位于MAC层与物理编码子层(physical coding sub-layer，PCS)之间，它的主要功能是可以将多个MAC层的数据进行编码后进行交织处理，然后再通过端口发送出去。如图1所示，VIS层位于MAC层与协调层之间，图1示出了VIS技术内部实现框架。
时分复用(time division multiplexing，TDM)，是指采用同一物理连接的不同时段来传输不同的信号，也能达到多路传输的目的。时分多路复用以时间作为信号分割的参量，故必须使各路信号在时间轴上互不重叠。时分复用就是将提供给整个信道传输信息的时间划分成若干时间片(简称时隙)，并将这些时隙分配给每一个信号源使用。
可编程逻辑控制器(programmable logic controller，PLC)，它采用一类可编程的存储器，用于其内部存储程序，执行逻辑运算、顺序控制、定时、计数与算术操作等面向用户的指令，并通过数字或模拟式输入/输出控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。
可编程逻辑控制器具有以下功能和特点：
1、使用方便，编程简单。采用简明的梯形图、逻辑图或语句表等编程语言，而无需计算机知识，因此系统开发周期短，现场调试容易。另外，可在线修改程序，改变控制方案而不拆动硬件。
2、功能强，性能价格比高。一台小型PLC内有成百上千个可供用户使用的编程元件，有很强的功能，可以实现非常复杂的控制功能。它与相同功能的继电器系统相比，具有很高的性能价格比。PLC可以通过通信联网，实现分散控制，集中管理。
3、硬件配套齐全，用户使用方便，适应性强。PLC产品已经标准化、系列化、模块化，配备有品种齐全的各种硬件装置供用户选用，用户能灵活方便地进行系统配置，组成不同功能、不同规模的系统。PLC的安装接线也很方便，一般用接线端子连接外部接线。PLC有较强的带负载能力，可以直接驱动一般的电磁阀和小型交流接触器。硬件配置确定后，可以通过修改用户程序，方便快速地适应工艺条件的变化。
4、可靠性高，抗干扰能力强。PLC采取了一系列硬件和软件抗干扰措施，具有很强的抗干扰能力，平均无故障时间达到数万小时以上，可以直接用于有强烈干扰的工业生产现场，PLC已被广大用户公认为最可靠的工业控制设备之一。
5、系统的设计、安装、调试工作量少。PLC用软件功能取代了继电器控制系统中大量的中间继电器、时间继电器、计数器等器件，使控制柜的设计、安装、接线工作量大大减少。
6、维修工作量小，维修方便。PLC的故障率很低，且有完善的自诊断和显示功能。PLC或外部的输入装置和执行机构发生故障时，可以根据PLC上的发光二极管或编程器提供的信息迅速地查明故障的原因，用更换模块的方法可以迅速地排除故。
例如，以下行数据传输为例进行说明，VIS层将接收到的MAC层的数据进行编码。
图2示出了VIS层的编码方式，VIS code[8]表示最高比特位，VIS code[7:0]表示剩余的8比特位。如图2所示，在不同的通信状态下，VIS code[8]和VIS code[7:0]存在一定的差异性。例如，在空闲态(Idle)，VIS code[8]为1，VIS code[7:0]为00。
图3示出了VIS帧与交织原理的示意图。从VIS的交织原理上看，VIS技术本身是一种在MAC层以下的时分复用技术，将MAC层以下的通道进行时隙化。
时隙化之后，就可以利用时隙化的通道来传输低速的工业以太业务。但是，时隙化带来的普遍问题是单向时延不确定性。即业务到达时刻和传输时隙时刻的随机关系，导致业务时延不确定。单向时延的不确定性，导致上下行时延不对称。而上下行时延不对称，会对时间同步造成误差。
工业界目前广泛采用的工业以太通信协议，如以太网控制自动化技术(ethernet control automation technology，EtherCAT)、Profinet等，有明确的时间同步的需求，同步精度要求在100ns以内。时间同步的应用场景如下：同时收集设备状态信息；周期性动作、协同；对外部事件的反应；在未来某一时间统一执行指令。由于工业以太对时间同步有明确需求，而时隙化VIS技术中存在上下行时延不对称给时间同步引入误差，所以需要使用上下行时延非对称测量和补偿技术，来解决上下行时延不对称问题，减小时间同步误差。
现有技术中，针对时隙化带来的普遍问题是单向时延不确定性，即时隙化带来的上下行时延不对称，会对时间同步造成误差。提出了一种灵活以太网技术(Flex Ethernet，FlexE)上下行时延非对称计算的方法。确定出链路中时延确定的部分和不确定的部分，以确定性时延链路的边界为参考点，测量业务在链路中的上下行时延，根据上下行时延值计算非对称时延。
图4示出了时延测量的原理示意图。如图4所示，起点可以等效于FlexE业务发送设备，终点可以等效于FlexE业务接收设备。起点的人和车可以分别对应业务发送帧头和参考发送帧头，Y可以等效于业务发送帧头相对于发送参考帧头的时延。终点的人和车可以分别对应业务接收帧头和参考接收帧头，Z可以等效于业务接收帧头相对于接收参考帧头的时延。X可以是发送参考帧头到接收参考帧头的传输时延。可以根据起点人与车的距离Y、车辆行驶距离X以及终点人与车的距离Z计算人前进的距离为Y+X-Z，从而得到业务帧头从发送到接收的单向时延为Y+X-Z。
通过上述方法可以分别计算上行时延和下行时延，然后计算上下行的时延偏差。但是，上述的计算方法在应用场景中使用的接口速率较低，即物理层不存在可使用的参考帧头时，则上述时延的计算方法则不适应。
例如，若当前使用的GE接口，不存在参考AM(100G以太网用于虚通道对齐的alignment marker)帧头，导致该方案在物理接口为GE时的场景下，应用受到限制。
在现有技术中，还存在另一种计算时延的方法，如图5所示的链路时延的统计方法。
如图5所示，一段链路段可以包含3个模块，分别为模块A、模块B以及模块C，需要统计该段链路的时延。那么可以同时统计该段链路的输入数据流数量(记为m)以及输出数据流数量(记为n)。链路中的时延可以理解为均由数据缓存处理造成的。也就是说，该段链路内部缓存的数据数量可是为：输入数据数量–输出数据数量＝m-n。根据数据的速率得到单个数据的内部缓存的时间，即内部缓存的数据数量m-n的值可以换算成内部缓存的时间值，也就是该段链路的时延。
对于上述根据输入输出数据流量的统计值来计算时延的方法，计算精度上很大程度受 到统计值的影响，所以对统计值的精度存在较高的要求。
例如，第一要求统计对象要明确，一定要统计有效传输的码块数量；第二要求进行统计的时间段要严格相等，即输入和输出的统计时间段必须严格相等。
上述的统计值的精度要求，对于一个频率同步的系统，即输入输出速率一直不变的系统，这种方法很容易实现。但是，对于一个异种速率的系统，例如，输入为低速接口，输出为时隙化的高速接口的系统。统计的结束时刻，统计结果有很大影响。
图6示出了统计结束时刻对统计结果的影响的示意图。由于业务占用的时隙之间有间隔，如果统计的结束时刻，在间隔内移动，那么输入统计值会发生变化，但输出统计值不变，这样对总的结果造成比较大的影响。导致统计值有很大误差。例如，图6所示对于三个不同的统计结束时刻，输入统计值在发生变化，但输出统计值一直不变。
例如，输入统计值为4时，输出统计值为2；输入统计值为5时，输出统计值为2；输入统计值为6时，输出统计值为2。因此，在间隔内移动移动，输入统计值在一直发生着变化，但是输出统计值却始终保持不变，从而导致统计值的误差较大。
上述为现有技术中，计算设备内部对数据流进行处理时产生时延的方法。
在工业网络中VIS技术提高了不同类型PLC和驱动之间的互通性，但是当数据流业务应用于VIS技术时，也存在以下问题：
第一、当业务映射到VIS中的时隙时，由于业务达到时刻和承载该业务的时隙时刻之间的关系不确定，导致业务的发送时延不确定。
例如，图7中示出了根据业务映射引入的时延不确定性的示意图。图7中的case1和case2两种情况，时延差别为最大的时隙间隔。
如图7所示，业务需要在分配的100Base-T时隙上进行传输，当业务到达时刻为第一时刻时，由于已经错过了给100Base-T业务分配的时隙，因此该业务需要等到下一个100Base-T业务分配的时隙才能进行传输，即业务到达第二时刻。因此，会产生业务到达第一时刻和实际传输业务的时刻，即业务到达第二时刻之间的时延值。而该时延值是由于业务达到时刻和承载该业务的时隙时刻之间的关系产生的，因而无法确定导致业务发送的时延。
第二、根据VIS帧解析出来的数据，去掉填充码块后写入出口缓存，当出口缓存中的数据达到一定水线，开始从出口缓存中读取固定比特率(constant bit rate，CBR)的业务数据输出。由于填充码块和VIS帧头的存在，业务数据并非均匀达到出口缓存的。
例如，图8中示出了根据业务出口缓存引入的时延不确定性的示意图。如图8所示，码块1进入出口缓存到CBR业务输出的时延为时延1，码块2进入出口缓存到CBR业务输出的时延为时延2，时延1与时延2之间的差值并不是码块1与码块2的距离。由于码块1和码块2之间由于存在一个填充码块S，导致码块1和码块2的时延不一致，其差值即为码块1和码块2中间的一个填充码块S的距离。从而导致由于填充码块和VIS帧头的存在，业务数据并非均匀达到出口缓存的。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019098205-appb-000001
表1承载引入的时间同步误差计算中以GE端口时隙化为例进行说明。其中，第一个7byte为给业务分配的时隙之间的固有间隔，业务占用8个时隙中的一个。VIS帧间隔(inter-packet gap，IPG)为12byte，VIS前道(preamble)为8byte，总共27byte，根据对应速率将比特换算成时间为216ns。
应理解，此计算方式为保守计算，实际应用由于通道带宽大于业务带宽，会随机在业务时隙中加入填充码块，进一步导致承载了数据的时隙间隔加大。上下行时延不对称引入的时间同步误差为上下行时延偏差的一半。
综上所述，业务在VIS时隙中存在业务映射和出口缓存均会引入时延不确定的问题。此外，随着VIS设备级联数量增多，不确定性时延会累计。从而导致无法保证上行和下行的时延保持一致，造成上下行时延不对称。而上下行时延不对称，给客户信号的时间同步带来很大误差，使客户信号的时间同步性能不达标。
基于上述问题，本申请提出了一种计算时延的方法，从而根据计算业务流在VIS时隙上承载时的上下行时延偏差并对其进行补偿，从而提升信号的时间同步性能，能够不影响客户信号的时间同步。
需要说明的是，设备内部对数据的处理流程，有的处理流程是时延确定的，有的则是时延非确定的。这样业务流在设备内部的驻留时间整体上是不确定的，例如，每次上电之后或者初始化之后，时延值和之前的值不一致(上电初始化完成后，时延值稳定)。本申请实施例中，主要针对例如上述图7和图8所示当业务流通过设备内部非确定性时延链路段所产生的时延值。
在本申请的实施例中，对于CBR业务而言，单个码块的时延即可以代表整个业务流的时延。因此，在本申请的实施例中，可以在业务流中插入测量码块，例如测量码块可以是时延测量码块，统计该测量码块在链路中经过非确定时延链路段的实际上下时延，例如，通过在时延非确定的链路段的入口业务数据流插入测量码块，在该段链路的出口业务数据流中检测该测量码块，计算测量码块插入时刻到检测到测量码块时刻之间的时间差，得到测量码块通过该段链路的时延，即该段链路的非确定时延值。并把时延值通过VIS的特殊编码在网络中传递，在业务出节点或者主控设备上，计算上下行时延偏差，并进行非对称补偿。
应理解，测量码块在接入节点插入业务流，在业务出节点终结，中间节点透传。
下面将结合具体的例子详细描述本申请实施例。应注意，这只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非限制本申请实施例的范围。
需要说明的是，在本申请中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“系统”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序和/或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进程和/或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上和/或分布在2个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读介质执行。部件可根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地系统、分布式系统和/或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它系统交互的互联网)的信号通过本地和/或远程进程来通信。
应理解，本申请实施例中的方式、情况、类别以及实施例的划分仅是为了描述的方便， 不应构成特别的限定，各种方式、类别、情况以及实施例中的特征在不矛盾的情况下可以相结合。
还应理解，在本申请的各实施例中，“第一”、“第二”等仅是为了指代不同的对象，并不表示对指代的对象有其它限定。
图9是根据本申请的实施例的应用场景的示意图。
如图9所示，本方案可应用于工业以太场景，包括可编程逻辑控制器110，虚拟交织子层网络，其中可以包括一个或多个虚拟交织子层设备，例如虚拟交织子层设备121、虚拟交织子层设备122，以及一个或者多个输入输出设备，例如，输入输出设备131、输入输出设备132、输入输出设备133。
如图9所示，VIS设备还可以用于工业以太设备PLC和IO的互联，提供确定性低时延的性能保障。
例如，在该应用场景中，PLC可以看作是主控单元，也可以看作是确保上下行时间同步的主设备(master)，IO设备可以看作是从属单元，也可以看作是确保上下行时间同步辅设备(slave)。VIS设备为PLC和IO提供互联，从而根据本申请解决VIS网络引入的上下行时延不对称问题，能够使得IO设备和PLC准确地进行时间同步。
应理解，图9为本申请实施例应用场景的举例描述，本申请实施例对此不作限定。本申请的实施例除了可以应用于上述工业以太网中，还可以应用于灵活以太网，或者其它网络中。
图10是根据本申请实施例的时延的计算的示意图。
本申请测量业务通过设备内部非确定性时延链路段所产生的时延值，并把时延值通过VIS的特殊编码在网络中传递，在业务出节点或者主控设备上，计算上下行时延偏差，并进行非对称补偿。
需要说明的是，设备内部对数据的处理流程，部分处理流程是时延确定的，部分处理流程则是时延非确定的。因此，业务流在设备内部的驻留时间整体上是不确定的。例如，每次上电之后或者初始化之后，本次的时延值可能会与之前的时延值不一致(上电初始化完成后，出现的时延值可能会稳定)。
对于CBR业务来说，单个码块的时延，即可以表示代码整体业务的时延。因此，可以在业务中插入时延测量码块，统计该码块在链路中经过非确定时延链路段的实际上下行时延，得到业务的非确定上下行时延，从而根据计算结果进行非对称补偿。
在本申请的实施例中，可以分为非确定时延值的计算、非确定时延值的传递、上下行时延偏差计算和补偿三步实现本申请的时延的计算和补偿的方法。
第一步、非确定时延值的计算。
在本申请的实施例中，针对每个业务，每经过一跳设备，计算该业务在该设备上的非确定时延值。可以包括上行非确定时延值和下行非确定时延值。
例如，选定时延非确定的链路段，对于链路段中存在不确定的时延的可以看作是非确定的链路段。
在第一段链路的入口业务数据流中可以插入测量码块，在该段链路的出口业务数据流中检测该测量码块，计算测量码块插入时刻到检测到测量码块时刻之间的时间差，得到测量码块通过第一段链路的时延，即该段链路的非确定时延值。
应理解，测量码块在业务接入节点插入，在业务出节点终结，在中间节点进行透传。
测量码块可以为0x1FF，VIS编码方式如表2所示。
表2
VIS code[8] VIS code[7:0] 备注
1 FF 测量码块
例如，在一个示例中，业务通道建立后，由控制设备发起针对业务的非对称时延测量补偿命令；收到命令的VIS设备，执行时延测量码块插入动作，在插入时延测量码块后，给出指示信号到时延计算单元。时延测量码块插入后，VIS设备中的时延测量识别模块会在链路下游的数据流中检测到时延测量码块，检测到后给出指示信号到VIS设备中的时延计算单元；时延计算单元，根据插入指示信号和检测指示信号，计算时延测量码块经过非确定时延链路段的实际时延。上下行独立计算，得到上行和下行两个值。
第二步、非确定时延值的传递。
在本申请的实施例中，计算非确定的链路段的时延值时，上行和下行的链路段可以通过采用不同的VIS编码进行区分，插入到业务数据流中和业务数据共享时隙通道，随业务信号一起传递。
例如，在一个示例中，将上下行非确定时延两个值，分别编码成编码组，作为填充码块同时插入到上行业务流中和下行业务流中，传输到边沿节点或者控制设备。编码组可以采用两个8B9B码块为一组，第一个码块可以为控制码块，表示后面的控制块传递的是时延测量值。如表3所示。
表3
VIS code[8] VIS code[7:0] 备注
1 55 上行时延码块标记
1 AA 下行时延码块标记
1 XX 时延值
第三步、上行和下行的链路段的时延偏差的计算和补偿。
在本申请的实施例中，上行和下行的链路段的时延偏差的计算和补偿的方式，包括但不限于以下两种方式：
方式一，由VIS边沿设备计算补偿。即上下行所有节点计算的时延值，传递到边沿设备，边沿设备计算出时延偏差，以决定是否需要在本节点进行时延补偿。
方式二，由客户端设备进行补偿。即若客户端设备中集成了VIS网卡或者和VIS设备有通信接口，则可以将全部节点的时延值传递给客户端设备，利用客户端设备中自带的补偿功能进行补偿，无需VIS设备补偿。
应理解，本申请的实施例除了可以应用于上述工业以太网中，还可以应用于灵活以太网，或者其它网络中。例如，当在FlexE接口上使用本申请解决上下行时延非对称问题。在灵活以太网(flex ethernet，FlexE)中测量码块可以采用了64B/66B的编码方式。该编码采用O码(ordered sets)来传输控制信息。O码为特殊编码的码块，在64B/66B编码中能够被唯一识别。
例如，可以使用64B/66B的编码方式时，可使用0x4B+0xB来表示时延测量码块，测量码块中的D1、D2、D3以及C4、C5、C6、C7用来区分不同的功能。例如，当这些域的值都为0，表示该码块为一个单纯的时延测量标志码块。通过C4的值来区分上行时延值和下行时延值，通过D1/D2/D3字段总24bit来传输时延值。
在使用64B/66B的编码方式时，由于编码码块的内容比较丰富，开销多，就不需要使用编码组的方式来传递时延值了。
图11是根据本申请一个实施例的计算时延的方法的示意图。其中，图11的方法可以应用于图9的网络架构。图11的方法也可以应用于包括网络设备、第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备的系统中。例如，可以应用于工业以太网中。图11的方法包括：
S110、第一网络设备接收第一业务流。
S120、所述第一网络设备根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，所述第一时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述第一测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
在本申请的实施例中，可以通过单个测量码块的时延值确定整体业务的时延值。进而由客户端设备或者边沿网络设备根据时延值解决时隙化技术由于上下行时延不对称给时间同步引入误差，通过确定上行和下行的时延值，使用上行和下行的时延值进行时间补偿，减小上下行时延不对称问题，从而减小时间同步误差。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，对于不同的业务流需要测量不同的时延值，在网络设备上电之后或者初始化之后，时延值可能会发生变化。在上电初始化完成后，时延值可以看作是保持稳定的。
应理解，在本申请的实施例中，第一时延值为两次检测到测量码块的时间差值，第一时延值为第一业务流在第一网络设备中的时延值。客户端设备可以通过多个网络设备进行连接，则对于每一个网络设备均可以测量时延值。
可选地，所述第一网络设备还可以接收第二业务流，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流的传输方向相反，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流属于同一个业务；所述第一网络设备根据所述第二业务流中的第二测量码块确定第二时延值。
需要说明的是，第一网路设备可以接收第一客户端设备发送的第一业务流，也可以接收第二客户端设备发送的第二业务流，即第一网络设备可以测量上行时延值和下行时延值。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述第一网络设备向所述第一业务流的传输方向或所述第二业务流的传输方向发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值中的至少一个。
例如，所述第一网络设备可以向第一客户端设备或第二客户端设备发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值。
例如，所述第一网络设备可以向边沿网络设备发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值，所述边沿网络设备为连接第一客户端设备或连接第二客户端设备的网络设备。
应理解，根据第二测量码块确定第二时延值的方法可以参照根据第一测量码块确定第一时延值的方法，两者具体过程相类似。
可选地，在所述第一网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，所述第一网络设备接收所述第一业务流；所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块；所述第一网络设备根据所述第一测量码块确定第一时延值。
也就是说，在第一网络设备为第一业务流传输方向的用于连接客户端设备的第一个网络设备时，第一网络设备接收到第一业务流后，在所述第一业务流中设置第一测量码块，第一网络设备根据所述第一测量码块确定第一时延值。
应理解，在第一业务流中设置第一测量码块可以是在第一业务流中插入或者增加第一 测量码块。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，第一测量码块、第二测量码块可以是复用空闲态的码块。例如，在空闲态的测量码块中设置预设值生成测量码块。如表2所示的编码方式。或者，在应用于FlexE时，测量码块可以采用64B/66B的编码方式。
需要说明的是，第一测量码块、第二测量码块为具有标识信息的编码码块，所述第一测量码块承载于所述第一业务流中，第二测量码块承载于所述第二业务流中。测量码块可以是控制码块。其编码方式和业务的编码方式统一，采用唯一可识别的编码进行标识。
可选地，在所述第一网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，所述第一网络设备接收第一指令时，所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，所述第一指令用于指示测量所述第一业务流的时延值。
例如，将第一业务流从第一客户端设备通过至少一个网络设备传输至第二客户端设备时称为下行链路，将第一业务流从第二客户端设备通过至少一个网络设备传输至第一客户端设备时称为上行链路。在下行链路中，第一接入网设备可以接收第一客户端设备发送的第一指示时，在第一业务流中设置第一测量码块。在上行链路时，第一接入设备可以是第二客户端设备发送的第一指示信息时，在第一业务流中设置第一测量码块。
例如，在所述第一网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，即在下行链路中为与第一客户端设备相连接的网络设备，在上行链路中为与第二客户端设备相连接的接入网设备。第一网络设备将包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流写入缓存时，记录第一时刻；在到达所述第一业务流的发送时隙时，所述第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块时，记录第二时刻；根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
例如，图12中对于下行链路中的第一网络设备可以是虚拟交织子层设备1(VIS设备1)，或者对于上行链路中的第一网络设备可以是虚拟交织子层设备2(VIS设备2)。对于下行链路中，在业务通道建立后，第一客户端设备(例如，控制设备)向VIS设备1发送针对第一业务流的非对称时延测量补偿命令。VIS设备1收到测量补偿命令，执行时延测量码块插入动作，在FE的业务流中插入0x1FF，同时将插入测量码块0x1FF写入缓存中，记录第一时刻；当到达发送第一业务流的时隙时，从缓存中读取第一业务流，检测到测量码块0x1FF后记录第二时刻；根据第一时刻和第二时刻可以确定第一业务流在VIS设备1中的下行时延值，计算第一业务流在VIS设备1的下行非确定时延DL1。
可选地，所述第一网络设备将所述第一业务流写入缓存之前在所述第一业务流中检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第一时刻；
在所述第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻；
所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
应理解，第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻可以包括多种可能的实现方式，例如，可以是第一网络设备从缓存中读取第一业务流的过程中，检测到了第一测量码块，直接记录第二时刻。还可以是第一网络设备从缓存中读取第一业务流的过程中检测到第一测量码块，在读取第一业务流之后发送第一业务流前，记录第二时刻，此时的第二时刻中还包括部分确定性的时延，即读取第一业务流至发送第一业务流之间的时延，本申请的测量时延值的方法可以用于测量不确定性的 时延值，例如将业务流写入缓存至到达业务流发送时隙时从缓存中读取业务流之间的时延值。
例如，在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时。即对于下行链路，当第一网络设备为不是与第一客户端设备连接的网络设备。对于上行链路，当第一网络设备不是与第二客户端设备连接的网络设备。可以将此时的网络设备称为中间网络设备，该中间网络设备接收包括第一测量码块的第一业务流；第一网络设备根据所述第一测量码块确定第一时延值。
在一个示例中，对于下行链路，在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，即第一网络设备可以是与中间网络设备连接的网络设备，第一网络设备也可以是与第二客户端设备连接的网络设备。
在一个示例中，对于上行链路，在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，即第一网络设备可以是与中间网络设备连接的网络设备，第一网络设备也可以是与第一客户端设备连接的网络设备。
例如，在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，在所述第一网络设备检测到所述第一测量码块时，记录第一时刻；所述第一网络设备在出口业务数据流中检测到所述第一测量码块时，记录第二时刻；根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
例如，图12中对于下行链路中的第一网络设备可以是虚拟交织子层设备1(VIS设备1)，或者对于上行链路中的第一网络设备可以是虚拟交织子层设备2(VIS设备2)。对于下行链路中，虚拟交织子层设备1在第一业务流中插入测量码块，虚拟交织子层设备2接收到插入测量码块的第一业务流，VIS设备2在接收数据流中检测到测量码块0x1FF，记录第一时刻，VIS设备2在把业务解析后，存入业务出口缓存，从缓存中读取到测量码块0x1FF，记录第二时刻，VIS设备2根据第三时刻和第四时刻，计算第一业务流在VIS设备2下行非确定时延DL2。
可选地，所述方法还包括：在所述第一网络设备记录第二时刻时，所述第一网络设备删除所述测量码块。
在一个示例中，对于下行链路，与输入输出设备连接的网络设备在记录第二时刻后可以删除所述测量码块。
在一个示例中，对于上行链路，与控制设备连接的网络设备在记录第二时刻后可以删除所述测量码块。
可选地，所述第一测量码块和所述第二测量码块为具有标识信息的编码码块，所述第一测量码块承载于所述第一业务流，所述第二测量码块承载于所述第二业务流。
应理解，第一测量码块和第二测量码块可以是控制码块，其编码方式和业务的编码方式统一，采用唯一可识别的编码进行标识。编码码块可分两部分，编码code，是一种数据的封装，例如8b10b等编码方式，编码后的数据，可称之为编码码块了，或者称为码块。
应理解，在上述各种可能的实现方式中，测量码块可以在空闲态的码块中设置预设值生成的码块。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息，其中，所述上下行标识用于标识所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值为分别为上行时 延值或下行时延值。
可选地，所述第一编码组包括一个或多个编码码块。
应理解，第一编码组可以是一个或者多个编码码块，若第一编码组是一个编码码块时，其中该编码码块上包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息。若第一编码组是多个编码码块时，上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息可以分别承载于第一编码组中不同的编码码块上。
例如，所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，其中，所述第一编码组包括第一标识编码码块、承载所述第一时延值的编码码块、第二标识编码码块、承载所述第二时延值的编码码块，所述第一标识编码码块用于标识所述第一时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值，所述第二标识编码码块用于标识所述第二时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值。
需要说明的是，第一标识码块和第二标识码块可以是控制码块，用于指示后面的码块承载的时延值为上行时延值还是下行时延值。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述第一网络设备向客户端设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，第一网络设备确定时延值，通过编码组传递时延值，可以将时延值传递至客户端设备或者边沿网络设备，由客户端设备或者边沿网络设备进行时间补偿。
例如，在工业以太网中，客户端设备可以是控制设备或者输入输出设备。
在一个示例中，第一网络设备向第一客户端设备或者第二客户端设备发送所述第一编码组，第一编码组中可以包括第一业务流在第一网络设备中的上行时延值和下行时延值，客户端设备接收到连接所有网络上设备发送的时延编码组，对上行链路和下行链路的时延进行补偿，进而减少时间同步误差。
例如，以第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备之间通过两个网络设备连接，且由第一客户端设备(例如，控制设备)进行时间补偿为例说明。
设备1把本地计算的DL1和UL2以及从上行数据流中解析的设备2的UL1和DL2，传递给控制设备，控制设备得到DL1、DL2、UL1以及UL2四个时延值。控制设备计算：下行时延＝DL1+DL2；上行时延＝UL1+UL2；控制设备(PLC)在对输入输出设备(IO)设备发送时间偏差调整命令时，把上下行时延偏差考虑在内即可。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述第一网络设备向边沿网络设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值，所述边沿网络设备为与客户端设备连接的网络设备。
在一个示例中，假设第一客户端设备通过设备1、设备2、设备3与第二客户端设备进行连接。对于下行链路，设备1将DL1(表示设备1的下行时延值)传递至设备3以及设备2将DL2传递至设备3，设备3接收到DL1、DL2以及根据自身确定的DL3可以确定下行时延DL1+DL2+DL3。此外，设备1也可以获取DL2和DL3。对于上行链路，设备3将UL3(表示设备3的上行时延值)传递至设备1以及设备2将UL2传递至设备1，设备1接收到UL3、UL2以及根据自身确定的UL1可以确定上行时延UL1+UL2+UL3。此外，设备3也可以获取UL2和UL1。
以第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备之间通过3个网络设备连接，且由边沿网络设备 进行时间补偿为例说明。设备1和设备3运算补偿：
若DL1+DL2+DL3>UL1+UL2+UL3，则需要加大上行链路时延，即控制设备1的非对称时延补偿缓存的读写地址，使上行链路时延增加DL1+DL2+DL3-UL1-UL2-UL3。设备3不需要补偿时延。
若DL1+DL2+DL3<UL1+UL2+UL3，则需要加大下行链路时延，即控制设备3的非对称时延补偿缓存的读写地址，使上行链路时延增加UL1+UL2+UL3-DL1-DL2-DL3。设备1不需要补偿时延。
若DL1+DL2+DL3＝UL1+UL2+UL3，则上下行时延相等对称，设备1和设备2均不需要补偿。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，可以通过测量码块的时延值确定整体业务的时延值。解决时隙化技术由于上下行时延不对称给时间同步引入误差，通过确定上行和下行的时延值，使用上行和下行的时延值进行时间补偿，减小上下行时延不对称问题，从而减小时间同步误差。
例如，图12中的第一网络设备把计算的DL1和UL2以及从上行数据流中解析的UL1和DL2，传递给第一客户端，第一客户端得到DL1、DL2、UL1以及UL2四个时延值。
第一客户端计算：下行时延＝DL1+DL2；上行时延＝UL1+UL2；
第一客户端(控制设备)在对第二客户端(IO设备)发送时间偏差调整命令时，把上下行时延偏差考虑在内即可。
在一个实例中，第一网络设备向边沿网络设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值，所述边沿网络设备为与客户端设备连接的网络设备。
例如，通过计算和传递，第一网络设备和第二网络设备均能获取到所有网络设备的时延值DL1、DL2、UL1以及UL2。第一网络设备和第二网络设备的业务出口都部署非对称时延补偿缓存。
第一网络设备和第二网络设备运算补偿：
如果DL1+DL2>UL1+UL2，则需要加大上行链路时延，即控制第一网络设备的非对称时延补偿缓存的读写地址，使上行链路时延增加DL1+DL2-UL1-UL2。第二网络设备不需要补偿时延。
如果DL1+DL2<UL1+UL2，则需要加大下行链路时延，即控制第二网络设备的非对称时延补偿缓存的读写地址，使上行链路时延增加UL1+UL2-DL1-DL2。第一网络设备不需要补偿时延。
如果DL1+DL2＝UL1+UL2，则上下行时延相等对称，第一网络设备和第二网络设备均不需要补偿。
应理解，在上述描述中以VIS设备进行举例说明，本申请实施例中的网络设备不限于VIS设备，还可以应用于灵活以太网，或者其它网络中。
下面结合具体的例子，更加详细地描述本申请实施例的具体实现方式。应注意，下文的例子仅仅是为了帮助本领域技术人员理解本申请实施例，而非要将申请实施例限制于所示例的具体数值或具体场景。本领域技术人员根据文所给出的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改和变化也落入本申请实施例的范围内。
在一个示例中，如图12所示，如12是根据本申请的一个实施例的测量时延的示意图。其中，第一客户端设备与第二客户端之间可以通过两个网络设备相连的示意图，此处以第 一客户端设备为控制设备，第二客户端设备为输入输出设备，网络设备为VIS设备为例进行说明。应理解，在本申请的实施例中，控制设备也可以与输入输出设备通过多个网络设备连接，此处以两个网络设备进行举例说明。
需要说明是，如图12所示，控制设备(PLC)以及IO设备和VIS设备之间为FE接口。对于此种组网方式，由VIS设备计算各自设备上的上下行非确定时延，可以将时延值传递给控制设备(PLC)，最后由PLC利用自身的时延非对称补偿功能进行补偿。
当PLC内部集成了VIS网卡或者PLC和VIS设备有通信通道时，可用此方法。实施步骤如下，下面的步骤以下行链路方向进行描述。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，在所述第一网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，可以将第一网络设备看作是VIS设备1。在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，可以将第一网络设备看作是VIS设备2。
步骤1：业务通道建立后，控制设备网络设备1发送针对某个业务流发送第一指令。
例如，业务通道建立后，控制设备向VIS设备1发送针对第一业务流的非对称时延测量补偿命令。
步骤2：第一网络设备接收到控制设备发送的第一指令时，在第一业务流中设置测量码块。
例如，VIS设备1收到命令，执行时延测量码块插入动作，在FE的业务流中插入测量码块0x1FF。
步骤3：第一网络设备将包括所述测量码块的所述第一业务流写入缓存时，记录第一时刻；在到达所述第一业务流的发送时隙时，所述第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流；在所述第一交换机设备检测到所述测量码块时，记录第二时刻。
例如，VIS设备1将时延测量码块0x1FF插入第一业务流后写入缓存中，记录第一时刻；在链路下游的数据流中检测到时延测量码块，记录第二时刻。
步骤4：第一网络设备根据第一时刻和第二时刻，确定第一业务流在第一网络设备中的下行时延DL1。
应理解，上述4个步骤中，第一网络设备可以看作是VIS设备1，即第一网络设备是第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备，也就是说，对于下行链路而言，第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备也就是与控制设备连接的网络设备。
步骤5：在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，例如，VIS设备2。第一网络设备接收包括所述测量码块的所述第一业务流，在所述第一网络设备检测到所述测量码块时，记录第三时刻。
例如，VIS设备2在接收到的第一业务流中检测到测量码块0x1FF，记录第三时刻。
步骤6：在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，第一网络设备在出口业务数据流中检测到所述测量码块时，记录第四时刻。
例如，VIS设备2在第一业务流解析后，存入业务出口缓存，从缓存中读取到测量码块0x1FF时，记录第四时刻。
可选地，在步骤6中还包括记录第四时刻时第一网络设备删除测量码块。
步骤7：根据第三时刻和第四时刻确定第一业务流在VIS设备2中的下行非确定时延DL2。
应理解，在步骤5至步骤7中，第一网络设备可以看作是VIS设备2，即第一网络设 备是第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备之外的网络设备时，也就是说，对于下行链路而言，第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备也就是中间的网络设备。
步骤8：对于上行链路，重复步骤2至步骤7，得到第一业务流的上行非确定时延UL1和UL2。
步骤9：将上下行非确定时延两个值，分别编码成编码组，作为填充码块插入到上行业务流，传输到控制设备。
例如，如图13所示，编码组可以采用两个8B9B码块一组，第一个码块为控制码块，即0x155可以表示控制码块。后面的控制块传递的是时延测量值，即UL1和DL2可以表示时延值。其中，0x0xx可以表示数据码块。
步骤10：控制设备根据上行时延值和下行时延值进行补偿。
例如，VIS设备1把本地计算的DL1和UL2以及从上行数据流中解析的UL1和DL2，传递给控制设备，控制设备根据得到DL1、DL2、UL1以及UL2四个时延值进行时间补偿计算：下行时延＝DL1+DL2；上行时延＝UL1+UL2；控制设备在对IO设备发送时间偏差调整命令时，把上下行时延偏差考虑在内即可。
应理解，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。在上述描述中以VIS设备进行举例说明，本申请实施例中的网络设备不限于VIS设备。
需要说明的是，上述的组网方式还可以如图14所示，在图14中将VIS设备1以网卡形式集成在控制设备上，其中，第一客户端设备需要支持VIS接口，VIS设备1与VIS设备2与图12中的类似，此处不再赘述。
在一个示例中，如图15所示，如15是根据本申请的一个实施例的测量时延的示意图。其中，其中，第一客户端设备与第二客户端之间可以通过两个网络设备相连的示意图，此处以第一客户端设备为控制设备，第二客户端设备为输入输出设备，网络设备为VIS设备为例进行说明。应理解，在本申请的实施例中，控制设备也可以与输入输出设备通过多个网络设备连接，此处以两个网络设备进行举例说明。
需要说明的是，如图15所示，控制设备(PLC)以及IO设备和VIS设备之间为FE接口。对于此种组网方式，由VIS设备计算各自设备上的上下行非确定时延，将时延值传递给VIS边沿设备，最后由VIS边沿设备在业务出口进行时延非对称补偿。实施步骤如下，下面的步骤以下行链路方向进行描述。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，在所述第一网络设备为所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，可以将第一网络设备看作是VIS设备1。在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，可以将第一网络设备看作是VIS设备2。
步骤1：业务通道建立后，控制设备网络设备1发送针对某个业务流发送第一指令。
例如，业务通道建立后，控制设备向VIS设备1发送针对第一业务流的非对称时延测量补偿命令。
步骤2：第一网络设备接收到控制设备发送的第一指令时，在第一业务流中设置测量码块。
例如，VIS设备1收到命令，执行时延测量码块插入动作，在FE的业务流中插入测量码块0x1FF。
步骤3：第一网络设备将包括所述测量码块的所述第一业务流写入缓存时，记录第一 时刻；在到达所述第一业务流的发送时隙时，所述第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流；在所述第一交换机设备检测到所述测量码块时，记录第二时刻。
例如，VIS设备1将时延测量码块0x1FF插入第一业务流后写入缓存中，记录第一时刻；在链路下游的数据流中检测到时延测量码块，记录第二时刻。
步骤4：第一网络设备根据第一时刻和第二时刻，确定第一业务流在第一网络设备中的下行时延DL1。
应理解，上述4个步骤中，第一网络设备可以看作是VIS设备1，即第一网络设备是第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备，也就是说，对于下行链路而言，第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备也就是与控制设备连接的网络设备。
步骤5：在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，例如，VIS设备2。第一网络设备接收包括所述测量码块的所述第一业务流，在所述第一网络设备检测到所述测量码块时，记录第三时刻。
例如，VIS设备2在接收到的第一业务流中检测到测量码块0x1FF，记录第三时刻。
步骤6：在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，第一网络设备在出口业务数据流中检测到所述测量码块时，记录第四时刻。
例如，VIS设备2在第一业务流解析后，存入业务出口缓存，从缓存中读取到测量码块0x1FF时，记录第四时刻。
可选地，在步骤6中还包括记录第四时刻时第一网络设备删除测量码块。
步骤7：根据第三时刻和第四时刻确定第一业务流在VIS设备2中的下行非确定时延DL2。
应理解，在步骤5至步骤7中，第一网络设备可以看作是VIS设备2，即第一网络设备是第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备之外的网络设备时，也就是说，对于下行链路而言，第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备也就是中间的网络设备。
步骤8：对于上行链路，重复步骤2至步骤7，得到第一业务流的上行非确定时延UL1和UL2。
步骤9：将上下行非确定时延两个值，分别编码成编码组，作为填充码块插入到上行业务流，传输到控制设备。
例如，如图13所示，编码组可以采用两个8B9B码块一组，第一个码块为控制码块，即0x155可以表示控制码块。后面的控制块传递的是时延测量值，即UL1和DL2可以表示时延值。其中，0x0xx可以表示数据码块。
步骤10：通过计算和传递，VIS设备1和VIS设备2均能获取到所有网络设备的时延值DL1、DL2、UL1以及UL2。VIS设备1和VIS设备2的业务出口都部署非对称时延补偿缓存。
例如，VIS设备1和VIS设备2运算补偿：
如果DL1+DL2>UL1+UL2，则需要加大上行链路时延，即控制VIS设备1的非对称时延补偿缓存的读写地址，使上行链路时延增加DL1+DL2-UL1-UL2。VIS设备2不需要补偿时延。
如果DL1+DL2<UL1+UL2，则需要加大下行链路时延，即控制VIS设备2的非对称时延补偿缓存的读写地址，使上行链路时延增加UL1+UL2-DL1-DL2。VIS设备1不需要补偿时延。
如果DL1+DL2＝UL1+UL2，则上下行时延相等对称，VIS设备1和VIS设备2均不需要补偿。
应理解，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。在上述描述中以VIS设备进行举例说明，本申请实施例中的网络设备不限于VIS设备。
上文详细描述了根据本申请实施例的测量时延的方法，在本申请中网络设备可以基于第一业务流中的测量进行第一业务流的时延值的测量，将得到的时延值在上行和下行链路中进行时间补偿，从而减小时间同步误差。应理解，本申请实施例的网络设备可以执行前述本申请实施例的各种方法，即以下各种产品的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程。
图16是本申请实施例的网络设备700的示意性框图。应理解，网设备700能够执行方法实施例中的由第一网络设备执行的各个步骤，为了避免重复，此处不再详述。图16所示的网络设备700包括：
网络设备700包括：通信模块710和处理模块720。
通信模块710用于，接收第一业务流；
处理模块720用于，根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，所述第一时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述第一测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
在本申请的实施例中，可以通过单个测量码块的时延值确定整体业务的时延值。进而通过边沿网络设备或者客户端设备针对上下行时延不对称给时间同步引入误差进行时间补偿，通过确定上行和下行的时延值，使用上行和下行的时延值进行时间补偿，减小上下行时延不对称问题，从而减小时间同步误差。
可选地，所述通信模块710还用于：接收第二业务流，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流的传输方向相反，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流属于同一个业务；所述处理模块720还用于，根据所述第二业务流中的第二测量码块确定第二时延值。
可选地，所述通信模块710还用于：
向所述第一业务流的传输方向或所述第二业务流的传输方向发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值中的至少一个。
可选地，所述处理模块720具体用于：在所述网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块；
根据所述第一测量码块确定第一时延值。
可选地，所述处理模块720具体用于在所述网络设备接收第一指令时，在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，所述第一指令用于指示测量所述第一业务流的时延值。
可选地，所述处理模块720具体用于：在所述网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，通过所述通信模块接收包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流；
根据所述第一测量码块确定所述第一时延值。
可选地，所述处理模块720还用于：将所述第一业务流写入缓存之前在所述第一业务流中检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第一时刻；
从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻；
根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
可选地，所述处理模块720还用于：删除所述第一测量码块。
可选地，所述第一测量码块和所述第二测量码块为具有标识信息的编码码块，所述第一测量码块承载于所述第一业务流，所述第二测量码块承载于所述第二业务流。
可选地，所述处理模块720还用于：根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息，其中，所述上下行标识用于标识所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值为分别为上行时延值或下行时延值。
可选地，所述第一编码组包括一个或多个编码码块。
可选地，所述处理模块720还用于：根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，其中，所述第一编码组包括第一标识编码码块、承载所述第一时延值的编码码块、第二标识编码码块、承载所述第二时延值的编码码块，所述第一标识编码码块用于标识所述第一时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值，所述第二标识编码码块用于标识所述第二时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值。
可选地，所述通信模块710还用于：
向客户端设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值；或者
向所述边沿网络设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值，所述边沿网络设备为与客户端设备连接的网络设备。
本申请的实施例中，提供了一种测量时延值的方法，具体地通过网络设备在第一业务流中设置测量码块，通过确定测量码块的时延值从而确定第一业务流在网络设备中的时延值，将确定的上行和下行的时延值传递至边沿网络设备或控制设备进行时间的补偿，从而减小时间同步误差。
下面结合具体的例子，更加详细地描述本申请实施例的具体实现方式。应注意，下文的例子仅仅是为了帮助本领域技术人员理解本申请实施例，而非要将申请实施例限制于所示例的具体数值或具体场景。本领域技术人员根据文所给出的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改和变化也落入本申请实施例的范围内。
在一个示例中，例如在工业以太网中，如图17所示，如17是根据本申请的一个实施例的测量时延的网络设备的示意图。其中，第一客户端设备与第二客户端设备之间可以通过三个网络设备相连的示意图。
应理解，在本申请的实施例中，第一客户端设备可以是控制设备，第二客户端设备可以是输入输出设备，控制设备与输入输出设备通过多个网络设备连接，此处以三个网络设备进行举例说明。
需要说明是，本方案在支持VIS接口的网络设备上落地，网络设备产品形态为支持VIS接口的工业交换机设备。需要在业务处理链路上加入以下功能模块，在图17中以阴影标识的功能模块。主要包含插入测量码块模块、识别测量码块模块、时延测量码块移除以及时延计算模块等。
在本申请的实施例中，边沿网络设备可以包括业务接收模块，插入测量码块模块，虚拟交织发送模块，时延测量识别模块，时延计算模块，识别测量码块模块、移除模块、出口缓存模块，虚拟交织接收模块等。类似地，中间网络设备包括与边沿网络设备相同或者相应的模块，用于执行本申请实施例的测量时延的方法。
以控制设备向输入输出设备发送第一业务流为例(下行链路)进行说明。
对于与控制设备连接的边沿网络设备，业务通道建立后，边沿网络设备中的业务接收模块接收控制设备发送的第一业务流，在业务接收模块接收到控制设备向发送VIS设备1发送针对某个业务流的非对称时延测量补偿命令时，插入测量码块模块执行测量码块插入动作。可以是在FE的业务流中插入测量码块0x1FF，将插入测量码块的第一业务流写入缓存中，同时给出指示信号到时延计算模块，记录第一时刻。测量码块0x1FF插入后，时延测量码块检测模块会在链路下游的数据流中检测到时延测量码块，检测到0x1FF后给出指示信号到时延计算单元，记录第二时刻。时延计算模块根据指示信号和检测指示信号分别记录的时刻，计算VIS设备1的下行非确定时延DL1。
对于中间网络设备，VIS接收模块接收到边沿网络设备的VIS发送模块发送的第一业务流，该第一业务流中包括所述测量码块，在中间网络设备的测量码块识别模块中检测到测量模块0x1FF，给出指示信号到时延计算模块，记录第三时刻；在把业务解析后，存入业务出口缓存模块，从业务出口缓存模块中读取到测量码块0x1FF，给出指示信号到时延计算模块，记录第四时刻；中间网络设备根据两个指示信号分别记录的时刻，计算在中间网络设备中的下行非确定时延DL2。
对于与输入输出设备连接的网络设备，VIS接收模块接收到边沿网络设备的VIS发送模块发送的第一业务流，该第一业务流中包括所述测量码块，在中间网络设备的测量码块识别模块中检测到测量模块0x1FF，给出指示信号到时延计算模块，记录第五时刻；在把业务解析后，存入业务出口缓存模块，从业务出口缓存模块中读取到测量码块0x1FF，给出指示信号到时延计算模块，记录第六时刻，同时删除测量码块。该网络设备根据两个指示信号分别记录的时刻，计算在该网络设备中的下行非确定时延DL3。
需要说明的是，上述的组网方式还可以如图18所示，在图18中将与控制设备连接的网络设备以网卡形式集成在控制设备上，其中，控制设备需要支持VIS接口，其它的过程与图17中的类似，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例，还可以应用在灵活以太网中，第一网络设备用于连接第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备。
本申请的实施例中，提供了一种测量时延值的方法，具体地通过网络设备在第一业务流中设置测量码块，通过确定测量码块的时延值从而确定第一业务流在网络设备中的时延值，将确定的上行和下行的时延值传递至边沿网络设备或控制设备进行时间的补偿，从而减小时间同步误差。
图19是本申请实施例的网络设备900的示意性框图。应理解，网络设备900能够执方法实施例中由第一网络设备执行的各个步骤，为了避免重复，此处不再详述。网络设备900包括：
存储器910，用于存储程序；
通信接口920，用于接收第一业务流；
处理器930，用于执行存储器910中的程序，当所述程序被执行时，所述处理器930用于根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，所述第一时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述第一测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，第一网络设备可以用于连接第一客户端设备和第二客户端设备，第一客户端设备与第二客户端设备之间可以通过至少一个网络设备进行 连接。
可选地，所述通信接口920还用于接收第二业务流，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流的传输方向相反，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流属于同一个业务；处理器930还用于根据所述第二业务流中的第二测量码块确定第二时延值。
可选地，所述通信接口920还用于向所述第一客户端设备或第二客户端设备发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值。
可选地，所述通信接口920还用于向所述第一业务流的传输方向或所述第二业务流的传输方向发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值中的至少一个。
可选地，所述处理器930具体用于在所述网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块；根据所述第一测量码块确定第一时延值。
可选地，所述处理器930具体用于在所述网络设备接收第一指令时，在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，所述第一指令用于指示测量所述第一业务流的时延值。
可选地，所述处理器930具体用于在所述网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，通过所述通信模块接收包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流；
根据所述第一测量码块确定所述第一时延值。
可选地，所述处理器930还用于将所述第一业务流写入缓存之前在所述第一业务流中检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第一时刻；
从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻；
根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
可选地，所述处理器930还用于删除所述第一测量码块。
可选地，所述第一测量码块和所述第二测量码块为具有标识信息的编码码块，所述第一测量码块承载于所述第一业务流，所述第二测量码块承载于所述第二业务流。
可选地，所述处理器930还用于根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息，其中，所述上下行标识用于标识所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值为分别为上行时延值或下行时延值。
可选地，所述第一编码组包括一个或多个编码码块。
可选地，所述处理器930还用于根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，其中，所述第一编码组包括第一标识编码码块、承载所述第一时延值的编码码块、第二标识编码码块、承载所述第二时延值的编码码块，所述第一标识编码码块用于标识所述第一时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值，所述第二标识编码码块用于标识所述第二时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值。
可选地，所述通信接口920还用于向客户端设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值；或者
向所述边沿网络设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值，所述边沿网络设备为与客户端设备连接的网络设备。
应理解，图19所示的网络设备可以是芯片或电路，或者其他类型的网络设备。例如可设置在网络设备内的芯片或电路。进一步地，上述通信接口也可以与收发器互换。收发器包括接收器和发送器。再进一步地，该网络设备900还可以包括总线系统。
其中，处理器930、存储器910、接收器和发送器通过总线系统相连，处理器930用于执行该存储器910存储的指令，以控制接收器接收信号，并控制发送器发送信号，完成本申请通信方法中网络设备的步骤。其中，接收器和发送器可以为相同或不同的物理实体。为相同的物理实体时，可以统称为收发器。所述存储器910可以集成在所述处理器930中，也可以与所述处理器930分开设置。
作为一种实现方式，接收器和发送器的功能可以考虑通过收发电路或者收发专用芯片实现。处理器930可以考虑通过专用处理芯片、处理电路、处理器或者通用芯片实现。
作为另一种实现方式，可以考虑使用通用计算机的方式来实现本申请实施例提供的网络设备。即将实现处理器930，接收器和发送器功能的程序代码存储在存储器中，通用处理器通过执行存储器中的代码来实现处理器930、接收器和发送器的功能。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种测量时延的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一网络设备接收第一业务流；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，所述第一时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述第一测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备接收第二业务流，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流的传输方向相反，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流属于同一个业务；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第二业务流中的第二测量码块确定第二时延值，所述第二时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述第二测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备向所述第一业务流的传输方向或所述第二业务流的传输方向发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值中的至少一个。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，包括：
    在所述第一网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一测量码块确定所述第一时延值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，包括：
    在所述第一网络设备接收第一指令时，所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，所述第一指令用于指示测量所述第一业务流的时延值。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，包括：
    在所述第一网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，所述第一网络设备接收包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一测量码块确定所述第一时延值。
  7. 根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备将所述第一业务流写入缓存之前在所述第一业务流中检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第一时刻；
    在所述第一网络设备从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述记录所述第二时刻之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备删除所述第一测量码块。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一测量码块和所述第二测量码块为具有标识信息的编码码块，所述第一测量码块承载于所述第一业务流，所述第二测量码块承载于所述第二业务流。
  10. 根据权利要求2至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息，其中，所述上下行标识用于标识所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值为分别为上行时延值或下行时延值。
  11. 根据权要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一编码组包括一个或多个编码码块。
  12. 根据权利要求2至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，其中，所述第一编码组包括第一标识编码码块、承载所述第一时延值的编码码块、第二标识编码码块、承载所述第二时延值的编码码块，所述第一标识编码码块用于标识所述第一时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值，所述第二标识编码码块用于标识所述第二时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备向客户端设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值；或者
    所述第一网络设备向边沿网络设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值，所述边沿网络设备为与客户端设备连接的网络设备。
  14. 一种网络设备，所述网络设备为第一网络设备，其特征在于，包括：
    通信模块，用于接收第一业务流；
    处理模块，用于根据所述第一业务流中的第一测量码块确定第一时延值，所述第一时延值为在所述第一网络设备中检测到所述测量码块的第一时刻和第二时刻的时间差值。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述通信模块还用于：接收第二业务流，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流的传输方向相反，所述第二业务流与所述第一业务流属于同一个业务；
    所述处理模块还用于，根据所述第二业务流中的第二测量码块确定第二时延值。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述通信模块还用于：
    向所述第一业务流的传输方向或所述第二业务流的传输方向发送所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值中的至少一个。
  17. 根据权利要求14至16中的任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体用于：
    在所述网络设备是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块；
    根据所述第一测量码块确定所述第一时延值。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体用于在所述网络设备接收第一指令时，在所述第一业务流中设置所述第一测量码块，所述第一指令用于指示测量所述第一业务流的时延值。
  19. 根据权利要求14至16中的任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块 具体用于：
    在所述网络设备不是所述第一业务流传输方向的第一个网络设备时，通过所述通信模块接收包括所述第一测量码块的所述第一业务流；
    根据所述第一测量码块确定所述第一时延值。
  20. 根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    将所述第一业务流写入缓存之前在所述第一业务流中检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第一时刻；
    从缓存中读取所述第一业务流时检测到所述第一测量码块，记录所述第二时刻；
    根据所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻，确定所述第一时延值。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    删除所述第一测量码块。
  22. 根据权利要求14至21中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一测量码块和所述第二测量码块为具有标识信息的编码码块，所述第一测量码块承载于所述第一业务流，所述第二测量码块承载于所述第二业务流。
  23. 根据权利要求15至22中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上下行标识、所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值的信息，其中，所述上下行标识用于标识所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值为分别为上行时延值或下行时延值。
  24. 根据权要求23所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一编码组包括一个或多个编码码块。
  25. 根据权利要求15至23中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    根据所述第一时延值和所述第二时延值生成第一编码组，其中，所述第一编码组包括第一标识编码码块、承载所述第一时延值的编码码块、第二标识编码码块、承载所述第二时延值的编码码块，所述第一标识编码码块用于标识所述第一时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值，所述第二标识编码码块用于标识所述第二时延值为上行时延值或下行时延值。
  26. 根据权利要求23至25中任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述通信模块还用于：
    向客户端设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值；或者
    向所述边沿网络设备发送所述第一编码组，所述第一编码组包括上行时延值和下行时延值，所述边沿网络设备为与客户端设备连接的网络设备。
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