WO2020034491A1 - 励磁调节器的过励限制方法及系统 - Google Patents

励磁调节器的过励限制方法及系统 Download PDF

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WO2020034491A1
WO2020034491A1 PCT/CN2018/119090 CN2018119090W WO2020034491A1 WO 2020034491 A1 WO2020034491 A1 WO 2020034491A1 CN 2018119090 W CN2018119090 W CN 2018119090W WO 2020034491 A1 WO2020034491 A1 WO 2020034491A1
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Prior art keywords
result
value
calculation result
comparison
excitation
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PCT/CN2018/119090
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢欢
吴涛
王超
梁浩
徐鹏
吴龙
周平
史扬
赵焱
赵峰
李善颖
付宏伟
张广韬
罗婧
郝婧
张涵之
檀政
赵天骐
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华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司
国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院
国家电网有限公司
东方电气集团东方电机有限公司
东方电气自动控制工程有限公司
南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
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Publication of WO2020034491A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034491A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field

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  • the present application relates to the field of excitation regulation, for example, to an overexcitation limiting method and system of an excitation regulator.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an overexcitation limiting method and system for an excitation regulator, so as to ensure that the power grid provides adequate and appropriate reactive power support during multiple cascading failures and maintains safe operation of the power grid.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an overexcitation limiting method of an excitation regulator, including:
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an overexcitation limiting system of an excitation regulator, including:
  • a determining unit set to determine an inertia time constant
  • a first calculation unit configured to collect the excitation current of the generator, and calculate a first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current;
  • a comparison unit configured to compare the magnitude of the first calculation result with the first comparison value to obtain a first comparison result
  • An output result unit configured to determine an output result according to the first comparison result; wherein the output result is a first value or a second value;
  • the overexcitation limit adjustment unit is configured to start overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor.
  • a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • the application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions, when the program instructions are executed by a computer, The computer is caused to perform the method described above.
  • the overexcitation limiting method and system of the excitation regulator in the embodiments of the present application first determine the inertia time constant, then collect the excitation current of the generator, calculate a first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current, and finally compare the first calculation result with the The size of the first comparison value is used to obtain the first comparison result, and the output result is determined according to the first comparison result.
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an overexcitation limiting method of an excitation regulator in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of step 140 in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a logic diagram of an overexcitation limiting method of an excitation regulator in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is an excitation current record of a voltage step test in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is the wave record chart of the terminal voltage under the cascading failure test.
  • Fig. 6 is the record chart of the excitation current under the cascading failure test.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of an overexcitation limiting system of an excitation regulator in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an overexcitation limiting method of the excitation regulator to ensure that the power grid provides adequate and appropriate reactive power support during multiple chain failures To maintain the safe operation of the power grid.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an overexcitation limiting method of an excitation regulator in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the over-excitation limiting method of the excitation regulator includes:
  • Step 110 Determine the inertia time constant.
  • Step 120 Collect the excitation current of the generator, and calculate a first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current.
  • Step 130 Compare the magnitude of the first calculation result with the first comparison value to obtain a first comparison result.
  • Step 140 Determine an output result according to the first comparison result, where the output result is a first value or a second value.
  • Step 150 When the output result is the second value, start the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • the execution subject of the overexcitation limiting method of the excitation regulator shown in FIG. 1 may be an excitation regulator. It can be known from the flow shown in FIG. 1 that the overexcitation limiting method of the excitation regulator in the embodiment of the present application first determines the inertia time constant, then collects the excitation current of the generator, and calculates the first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current, and finally Compare the first calculation result with the size of the first comparison value to obtain the first comparison result, and determine the output result according to the first comparison result.
  • the inertia time constant can be determined by the following formula:
  • T is the inertia time constant
  • t is time
  • I f ( ⁇ ) is a positive infinity excitation current time
  • I f (0 -) 0 is the excitation current time
  • I fth 1.1 times the rated field current.
  • step 120 may include:
  • the Laplace transform is performed on the exciting current; the first calculation result is calculated according to the exciting current and the inertia time constant after the Laplace transform.
  • the first calculation result can be calculated by the following formula:
  • Is the first calculation result
  • I f (s) is the excitation current after Laplace transform
  • T is the inertia time constant
  • s is the Laplace operator.
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of step 140. As shown in FIG. 2, step 140 may include:
  • Step 201 Perform gain processing and clipping processing on the first comparison result to obtain a clipping result.
  • Step 202 Obtain a second calculation result according to the clipping result and the condition parameter.
  • Step 203 Compare the magnitude of the second calculation result with the second preset value to obtain an output result.
  • condition parameter may be a third value or a fourth value.
  • Step 202 may include:
  • condition parameter is the third value, and the second calculation result is obtained according to the limiting result and the third value.
  • condition parameter I is the fourth value, and the second calculation result is obtained according to the clipping result and the fourth value.
  • the second calculation result can be obtained by multiplying the limit result and the condition parameter, the third value can be 0, the fourth value can be 1, and the limit result can be 0 or 1.
  • the output result when the second calculation result is smaller than the second preset value, the output result is the first value; when the second calculation result is greater than or equal to the second preset value, the output result is the second value.
  • the second preset value may be 0.99.
  • the second calculation result may be 0 or 1, the first value may be 0, and the second value may be 1.
  • the magnitude of the first calculation result at the current time is compared with the size of the second comparison value.
  • the output result is the first value.
  • the over-excitation limit inverse time reset is started.
  • the strong excitation adjustment is started to increase the exciting current.
  • the secondary strong excitation adjustment conditions are: U t is the terminal voltage of the generator at time t.
  • FIG. 3 is a logic diagram of an overexcitation limiting method of an excitation regulator in an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the process of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:
  • I fn is the rated excitation current.
  • the first comparison result is compared with the size of the first comparison result to obtain the first comparison result.
  • the first comparison result is the first calculation result. Compare with first value The first comparison value is 1.21. When the first calculation result is greater than or equal to the first comparison value, the first comparison result is greater than zero. When the first calculation result is less than the first comparison value, the first comparison result is less than zero.
  • Gain processing and clipping processing are performed on the first comparison result to obtain a clipping result.
  • the value of the gain K is extremely large.
  • the first comparison result is greater than 0, the value of the first comparison result multiplied by K is greater than 1, and the clipping result ⁇ I f 2 obtained by the clipping process is 1 ;
  • the first comparison result is less than 0, the value of the first comparison result multiplied by K is less than 0, and the clipping result ⁇ I f 2 obtained by the clipping process is 0.
  • the second calculation result is obtained according to the clipping result and the condition parameters.
  • X represents multiplication.
  • the condition parameter S Ut is 1.
  • the first calculation result is greater than or equal to the second comparison value and the machine-end voltage meets the secondary strong excitation adjustment conditions.
  • the condition parameter S Ut is changed from 1 to 0, and the output result is 0.
  • the second comparison value is switched to the first comparison value, and the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is switched back to the strong excitation adjustment to increase the excitation current I f .
  • the output result changes from 0 to 1, and the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started again, and step 6 is repeated.
  • Fig. 4 is a record chart of the excitation current of the voltage step test.
  • the initial excitation currents are 1.05I fn , 1.0I fn , 0.75I fn , 0.5I fn (I fn corresponds to the ordinate 2.7pu in Figure 4).
  • the voltage step test is performed at the same time, so that The excitation current all rises to 2.0I fn . It can be known from FIG. 4 that after different inverse time elapses, the overexcitation limit inverse time is adjusted normally, and the exciting current is limited to 1.1I fn .
  • the actual operating time of the embodiments of the present application depends on the initial excitation current.
  • the overheating capacity of the generator rotor under the current can be adjusted according to the different initial excitation current before the fault.
  • Different inverse time can be adjusted, that is, when the load is running, the unit has a higher strong excitation capacity, and when the load is running, the unit Possesses a low strong excitation capability to ensure that the power grid provides adequate and appropriate reactive power support during multiple chain failures and maintains the safe operation of the power grid.
  • Fig. 5 is the wave record chart of the terminal voltage under the cascading failure test.
  • Fig. 6 is the record chart of the excitation current under the cascading failure test.
  • the terminal voltage drops to 0.84pu.
  • OEL overexcitation limit
  • the second fault is simulated, that is, a 100ms three-phase instantaneous short-circuit fault occurs at 80% of a transmission line at 40s.
  • switch from overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment to strong excitation adjustment for secondary strong excitation and the machine terminal voltage and excitation current will run stably after the instantaneous short-circuit; if the secondary strong excitation function is shielded, the machine terminal voltage and excitation current after the instantaneous short-circuit.
  • the oscillations diverged, causing the system to crash. It can be seen that when a cascading failure occurs, the present application can provide a strong excitation current for a short time, improve the stability of the system, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
  • the overexcitation limiting method of the excitation regulator of the embodiment of the present application first determines the inertia time constant, then collects the excitation current of the generator, calculates the first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current, and finally compares the first calculation result with the The size of the first comparison value is used to obtain the first comparison result, and the output result is determined according to the first comparison result.
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • the over-excitation limiting method of the excitation regulator in the embodiment of the present application performs secondary strong excitation when the system has a cascading failure, so that the terminal voltage and the excitation current run stably, the system stability is improved, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is ensured.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides an overexcitation limiting system of an excitation regulator. Since the principle of solving the problem of the system is similar to the overexcitation limiting method of the excitation regulator, the implementation of the system can refer to the method The implementation is not repeated here.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of an overexcitation limiting system of an excitation regulator in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the overexcitation limiting system 71 of the excitation regulator includes:
  • a determining unit 710 configured to determine an inertia time constant
  • the first calculation unit 720 is configured to collect the excitation current of the generator, and calculate a first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current;
  • the comparison unit 730 is configured to compare the magnitude of the first calculation result with the first comparison value to obtain a first comparison result
  • the output result unit 740 is configured to determine an output result according to the first comparison result; wherein the output result is a first value or a second value;
  • the overexcitation limit adjustment unit 750 is configured to start overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • the inertia time constant can be determined by the following formula:
  • T is the inertia time constant
  • t is time
  • I f ( ⁇ ) is a positive infinity excitation current time
  • I f (0 -) 0 is the excitation current time
  • I fth 1.1 times the rated field current.
  • the first calculation unit 720 is configured to:
  • the first calculation result is calculated by the following formula:
  • Is the first calculation result
  • I f (s) is the excitation current after Laplace transform
  • T is the inertia time constant
  • s is the Laplace operator.
  • the output result unit 740 includes:
  • the slice result subunit is configured to perform gain processing and slice processing on the first comparison result to obtain a slice result
  • a second calculation subunit configured to obtain a second calculation result according to the slice result and the condition parameter
  • the output result unit subunit is configured to compare the size of the second calculation result with the size of the second preset value to obtain an output result.
  • condition parameter is a third value or a fourth value
  • the second calculation subunit is set to:
  • a second calculation result is obtained according to the clipping result and the fourth value.
  • the output result is the first value
  • the output result is a second value.
  • the method further includes: an overexcitation limit inverse time reset unit;
  • the overexcitation limit adjustment unit is further configured to switch the first comparison value to the second comparison value
  • the comparison unit is further configured to: compare the magnitude of the first calculation result with the second comparison value at the current time;
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time reset unit is set to start the overexcitation limit inverse time reset and switch the second comparison value to the first comparison value.
  • the method further includes:
  • the strong excitation adjustment unit is set to start the strong excitation adjustment to increase the excitation current.
  • the overexcitation limiting system of the excitation regulator of the embodiment of the present application first determines the inertia time constant, then collects the excitation current of the generator, calculates the first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current, and finally compares the first calculation result with the The size of the first comparison value is used to obtain the first comparison result, and the output result is determined according to the first comparison result.
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • the over-excitation limiting system of the excitation regulator in the embodiment of the present application performs a secondary strong excitation when the system has a cascading failure, so that the machine terminal voltage and the excitation current run stably, the system stability is improved, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is ensured.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
  • a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • the computer device in the embodiment of the present application first determines the inertia time constant, then collects the excitation current of the generator, calculates the first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current, and finally compares the first calculation result with the magnitude of the first comparison value
  • the first comparison result is obtained, and the output result is determined according to the first comparison result.
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to a first preset value.
  • the excitation current is adjusted for different inverse time, that is, when the load is running, the unit has a higher strong excitation capability, and when the load is running, the unit has a lower strong excitation capability, to ensure that the power grid has multiple chain failures. Provide adequate and appropriate reactive power support at all times to maintain the safe operation of the power grid.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the computer device includes: one or more processors 810 and a memory 820. A processor 810 is taken as an example in FIG. 8.
  • the computer equipment may further include: an input device 830 and an output device 840.
  • the processor 810, the memory 820, the input device 830, and the output device 840 in the computer device may be connected through a bus or in other manners. In FIG. 8, the connection through the bus is taken as an example.
  • the input device 830 may receive inputted numeric or character information
  • the output device 840 may include a display device such as a display screen.
  • the memory 820 is a computer-readable storage medium and can be used to store software programs, computer-executable programs, and modules.
  • the processor 810 executes various functional applications and data processing by running software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 820, so as to implement any one of the overexcitation limiting methods of the excitation regulator in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the memory 820 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, where the storage program area may store an operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the computer device, and the like.
  • the memory may include volatile memory such as Random Access Memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • the memory 820 may be a non-transitory computer storage medium or a transient computer storage medium.
  • the non-transitory computer storage medium for example, at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.
  • the memory 820 may optionally include memory remotely set with respect to the processor 810, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device through a network. Examples of the above network may include the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.
  • the input device 830 may be used to receive inputted numeric or character information, and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of a computer device.
  • the output device 840 may include a display device such as a display screen.
  • the computer device of this embodiment may further include a communication device 850 for transmitting and / or receiving information through a communication network.
  • the program may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.
  • the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM). Wait.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • a computer program is stored on a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the over-excitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the excitation current to the first preset value.
  • the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present application first determines the inertia time constant, then collects the excitation current of the generator, calculates the first calculation result according to the inertia time constant and the excitation current, and finally compares the first calculation result with the first comparison.
  • the magnitude of the value gets the first comparison result, and the output result is determined according to the first comparison result.
  • the overexcitation limit inverse time adjustment is started to reduce the exciting current to a first preset value.
  • Different initial excitation currents adjust different inverse time periods, that is, the unit has a higher strong excitation capability when running at low load, and the unit has a lower strong excitation capability when running at high load to ensure that the power grid is Provide sufficient and appropriate reactive power support during secondary chain failures to maintain safe operation of the power grid.

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Abstract

励磁调节器的过励限制方法及系统,该励磁调节器的过励限制方法包括:确定惯性时间常数;采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果;比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果;当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值。

Description

励磁调节器的过励限制方法及系统
本申请要求在2018年8月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810914015.7的中国专利申请的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及励磁调节领域,例如涉及一种励磁调节器的过励限制方法及系统。
背景技术
严重故障冲击下的电压无功支撑能力不足可能诱发系统电压失稳事故。故障中长期过程中发电机过励限制(Over Excitation Limiter,OEL)的动作行为对维持电网稳定,防御大面积停电事故发生具有重要作用。
目前针对过励限制对连锁大停电事故的影响,以及过励保护配合等问题已开展大量研究。相关设计中的反时限时间与励磁电流的初值无关,只与强励时的励磁电流数值有关,导致在发电机的初始励磁电流低于额定励磁电流时,发电机的强励能力或过电流潜在能力远大于目前的常规励磁设计,不能充分发挥发电机组对电网的支撑能力;在发电机的初始励磁电流高于额定励磁电流时,发电机的强励能力又小于目前的常规励磁设计,可能危及机组安全。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种励磁调节器的过励限制方法及系统,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。
本申请实施例提供一种励磁调节器的过励限制方法,包括:
确定惯性时间常数;
采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值。
本申请实施例还提供一种励磁调节器的过励限制系统,包括:
确定单元,设置为确定惯性时间常数;
第一计算单元,设置为采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
比较单元,设置为比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果;
输出结果单元,设置为根据第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
过励限制调节单元,设置为启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤:
确定惯性时间常数;
采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,所述存储介质上存储有计算机程序,计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤:
确定惯性时间常数;
采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值。
本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品,所述计算机程序产品包括存储在非暂态计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括程序指令,当所述程序指令被计算机执行时,使所述计算机执行上述方法。
本申请实施例的励磁调节器的过励限制方法及系统,先确定惯性时间常数,然后采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果, 最后比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果,当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值,可以根据故障前不同的初始励磁电流调整不同的反时限时间,即在低负荷运行时,使机组具备较高的强励能力,在高负荷运行时,使机组具备较低的强励能力,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。
附图说明
图1是一实施例中励磁调节器的过励限制方法的流程图。
图2是一实施例中步骤140的具体流程图。
图3是一实施例中励磁调节器的过励限制方法的逻辑示意图。
图4是一实施例中电压阶跃试验的励磁电流录波图。
图5是连锁故障试验下的机端电压录波图。
图6是连锁故障试验下的励磁电流录波图。
图7是一实施例中励磁调节器的过励限制系统的结构框图。
图8是一实施例中的一种计算机设备的硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
鉴于相关技术不能充分发挥机组对电网的支撑能力,可能危及机组安全,本申请实施例提供一种励磁调节器的过励限制方法,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。以下结合附图对本申请进行详细说明。
图1是本申请一实施例中励磁调节器的过励限制方法的流程图。如图1所示,励磁调节器的过励限制方法包括:
步骤110:确定惯性时间常数。
步骤120:采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一 计算结果。
步骤130:比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果。
步骤140:根据第一比较结果确定输出结果,其中,输出结果为第一数值或第二数值。
步骤150:当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值。
图1所示的励磁调节器的过励限制方法的执行主体可以为励磁调节器。由图1所示的流程可知,本申请实施例的励磁调节器的过励限制方法先确定惯性时间常数,然后采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果,最后比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果,当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值,可以根据故障前不同的初始励磁电流调整不同的反时限时间,即在低负荷运行时,使机组具备较高的强励能力,在高负荷运行时,使机组具备较低的强励能力,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。
一实施例中,可以通过如下公式确定惯性时间常数:
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000001
其中,T为惯性时间常数,t为时刻,I f(∞)为正无穷时刻的励磁电流,I f(0 -)为0时刻的励磁电流,I fth为1.1倍额定励磁电流。
一实施例中,步骤120可以包括:
对励磁电流进行拉普拉斯变换;根据经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流和惯性时间常数,计算第一计算结果。
其中,可以通过如下公式计算第一计算结果:
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000002
其中,
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000003
为第一计算结果,I f(s)为经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流,T为惯性时间常数,s为拉普拉斯算子。
图2是步骤140的具体流程图。如图2所示,步骤140可以包括:
步骤201:对第一比较结果进行增益处理和限幅处理,得到限幅结果。
步骤202:根据限幅结果和条件参数得到第二计算结果。
步骤203:比较第二计算结果与第二预设值的大小得到输出结果。
一实施例中,条件参数可以为第三数值或第四数值。步骤202可以包括:
当机端电压满足二次强励调节条件时,条件参数为第三数值,根据限幅结果和第三数值得到第二计算结果;当机端电压不满足二次强励调节条件时,条件参数为第四数值,根据限幅结果和第四数值得到第二计算结果。
其中,将限幅结果和条件参数相乘可以得到第二计算结果,第三数值可以为0,第四数值可以为1,限幅结果可以为0或1。
一实施例中,当第二计算结果小于第二预设值时,输出结果为第一数值;当第二计算结果大于或等于第二预设值时,输出结果为第二数值。其中,第二预设值可以为0.99。第二计算结果可以为0或1,第一数值可以为0,第二数值可以为1。
一实施例中,输出结果为第二数值时,比较当前时刻的第一计算结果与第二比较值的大小,当当前时刻的第一计算结果小于第二比较值时,输出结果为第一数值,此时启动过励限制反时限复位。
一实施例中,当当前时刻的第一计算结果大于或等于第二比较值且机端电压满足二次强励调节条件时,启动强励调节以增大励磁电流。
其中,二次强励调节条件为:
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000004
U t为t时刻发电机的机端电压。
图3是一实施例中励磁调节器的过励限制方法的逻辑示意图。如图3所示,本申请实施例的流程如下:
1、通过如下公式确定惯性时间常数:
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000005
其中,
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000006
I fn为额定励磁电流。当本申请能够满足初始励磁电流等于I fn,以2倍I fn持续10s强励的要求时,t=10s,此时
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000007
2、对励磁电流I f进行拉普拉斯变换;根据经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流I f(s)和惯性时间常数T,计算第一计算结果
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000008
图3中M 2代表对输入量励磁电流I f进行平方运算。
3、在初始的正常时刻,输出结果S OEL=0,此时比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果。其中,第一比较结果为第一计算结果
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000009
与第一比较值
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000010
的差,第一比较值为1.21。当第一计算结果大于或等于第一比较值时,第一比较结果大于0。当第一计算结果小于第一比较值时,第一比较结果小于0。
4、对第一比较结果进行增益处理和限幅处理,得到限幅结果。如图3所示,增益K的数值极大,当第一比较结果大于0时,第一比较结果与K相乘后的值大于1,经过限幅处理得到的限幅结果ΔI f 2为1;当第一比较结果小于0时,第一比较结果与K相乘后的值小于0,经过限幅处理得到的限幅结果ΔI f 2为0。
5、根据限幅结果和条件参数得到第二计算结果,图3中X代表相乘。在正常工况下,机端电压不满足二次强励调节条件,
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000011
此时条件参数S Ut为1。将第二计算结果与第二预设值(0.99)作比较,当第二计算结果为0时,输出结果为0,系统正常;当第二计算结果为1时,输出结果为1。
6、当输出结果S OEL为1时,表明反时限计时满足过励限制动作条件,此时启动过励限制调节环节减小励磁电流I f至第一预设值1.1p.u.以保护发电机设备;同时,将第一比较值
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000012
切换至第二比较值
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000013
第二比较值为1.12,此时第一计算结果大于或等于第二比较值,输出结果S OEL保持为1。
7、当故障恢复时,励磁电流I f变小,进而第一计算结果变小,当第一计算结果小于第二比较值时,输出结果为0,此时启动过励限制反时限复位,将第二比较值
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000014
切换至第一比较值
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000015
当原系统故障未恢复并再次发生故障(连锁故障)时,第一计算结果大于或等于第二比较值且机端电压满足二次强励调节条件,
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000016
此时条件参数S Ut由1变为0,输出结果为0,将第二比较值切换至第一比较值,从过励限制反时限调节切回强励调节以增大励磁电流I f。当第一计算结果大于或等于第一比较值且机端电压不满足二次强励调节条件时,输出结果由0变为1,再次启动过励限制反时限调节,重复步骤6。
以PSASP仿真软件为例,搭建单机无穷大仿真系统以验证本申请的优越性。图4是电压阶跃试验的励磁电流录波图。如图4所示,初始励磁电流分别为1.05I fn、1.0I fn、0.75I fn、0.5I fn(I fn对应图4中的纵坐标2.7p.u.),在同一时刻进行电压阶跃试验,使得励磁电流均上升至2.0I fn。由图4可知,经过不同的反时限时间后,过励限制反时限均正常调节,将励磁电流限制至1.1I fn
表1 不同初始励磁电流下的过励限制反时限动作时间表
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000017
如表1所示,在相同励磁电流过励倍数下,本申请实施例的实际动作时间取决于初始励磁电流,相比相关技术的理论反时限动作时间均10s的方案,本申请充分考虑不同励磁电流下发电机转子的过热能力,可以根据故障前不同的初始励磁电流调整不同的反时限时间,即在低负荷运行时,使机组具备较高的 强励能力,在高负荷运行时,使机组具备较低的强励能力,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。
图5是连锁故障试验下的机端电压录波图。图6是连锁故障试验下的励磁电流录波图。如图5和图6所示,在发电机满载工况下,在第5s模拟系统电压阶跃,机端电压下降至0.84p.u.,此时励磁系统强励,励磁电流上升至2.0I fn,经过10.9s后,OEL(过励限制)动作,机端电压降至0.69p.u.,转子电流返回至1.1I fn。在此基础上模拟第二次故障,即40s时刻某条输电线路80%处发生100ms的三相瞬时短路故障,造成
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000018
此时从过励限制反时限调节切回强励调节进行二次强励,瞬时短路后机端电压和励磁电流稳定运行;而如果屏蔽二次强励功能,瞬时短路后机端电压和励磁电流振荡发散,造成系统崩溃。由此可见,在发生连锁故障时,本申请能短时间提供强励电流,提升系统的稳定性,保证电网的安全稳定运行。
综上,本申请实施例的励磁调节器的过励限制方法先确定惯性时间常数,然后采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果,最后比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果,当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值,可以根据故障前不同的初始励磁电流调整不同的反时限时间,即在低负荷运行时,使机组具备较高的强励能力,在高负荷运行时,使机组具备较低的强励能力,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。
本申请实施例的励磁调节器的过励限制方法在系统发生连锁故障时进行二次强励,令机端电压和励磁电流稳定运行,提升系统的稳定性,保证电网的安全稳定运行。
基于同一发明构思,本申请一实施例还提供了一种励磁调节器的过励限制系统,由于该系统解决问题的原理与励磁调节器的过励限制方法相似,因此该 系统的实施可以参见方法的实施,重复之处不再赘述。
图7是本申请一实施例中励磁调节器的过励限制系统的结构框图。如图7所示,励磁调节器的过励限制系统71包括:
确定单元710,设置为确定惯性时间常数;
第一计算单元720,设置为采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
比较单元730,设置为比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果;
输出结果单元740,设置为根据第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
过励限制调节单元750,设置为启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值。
在其中一种实施例中,可以通过如下公式确定惯性时间常数:
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000019
其中,T为惯性时间常数,t为时刻,I f(∞)为正无穷时刻的励磁电流,I f(0 -)为0时刻的励磁电流,I fth为1.1倍额定励磁电流。
在其中一种实施例中,第一计算单元720是设置为:
对励磁电流进行拉普拉斯变换;
根据经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流和惯性时间常数,计算第一计算结果;
其中,通过如下公式计算第一计算结果:
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000020
其中,
Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-000021
为第一计算结果,I f(s)为经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流,T为惯性时间常数,s为拉普拉斯算子。
在其中一种实施例中,输出结果单元740包括:
限幅结果子单元,设置为对第一比较结果进行增益处理和限幅处理,得到限幅结果;
第二计算子单元,设置为根据限幅结果和条件参数得到第二计算结果;
输出结果单元子单元,设置为比较第二计算结果与第二预设值的大小得到输出结果。
在其中一种实施例中,条件参数为第三数值或第四数值;
第二计算子单元是设置为:
根据限幅结果和第三数值得到第二计算结果;
根据限幅结果和第四数值得到第二计算结果。
在其中一种实施例中,当第二计算结果小于第二预设值时,输出结果为第一数值;
当第二计算结果大于或等于第二预设值时,输出结果为第二数值。
在其中一种实施例中,还包括:过励限制反时限复位单元;
过励限制调节单元还设置为:将第一比较值切换至第二比较值;
比较单元还设置为:比较当前时刻的第一计算结果与第二比较值的大小;
过励限制反时限复位单元设置为:启动过励限制反时限复位,将第二比较值切换至第一比较值。
在其中一种实施例中,还包括:
强励调节单元,设置为启动强励调节以增大励磁电流。
综上,本申请实施例的励磁调节器的过励限制系统先确定惯性时间常数,然后采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果,最后比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果,当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值,可以根据故障前不同的初始励磁电流调整不同的反时限时间,即在低负荷运行时,使机组具备较高的强励能力,在高负荷运行时,使机组具备较低的强励能力,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。
本申请实施例的励磁调节器的过励限制系统在系统发生连锁故障时进行二次强励,令机端电压和励磁电流稳定运行,提升系统的稳定性,保证电网的安全稳定运行。
本申请一实施例还提供了一种计算机设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤:
确定惯性时间常数;
采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值。
综上,本申请实施例的计算机设备先确定惯性时间常数,然后采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果,最后比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果,当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值,可以根据故障前不同的初始励磁电流调整不同的反时限时间,即在低负荷运行时,使机组具备较高的强励能力,在高负荷运行时,使机组具备较低的强励能力,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。
图8是一实施例中的一种计算机设备的硬件结构示意图,如图8所示,该计算机设备包括:一个或多个处理器810和存储器820。图8中以一个处理器810为例。
所述计算机设备还可以包括:输入装置830和输出装置840。
所述计算机设备中的处理器810、存储器820、输入装置830和输出装置840可以通过总线或者其他方式连接,图8中以通过总线连接为例。
输入装置830可以接收输入的数字或字符信息,输出装置840可以包括显示屏等显示设备。
存储器820作为一种计算机可读存储介质,可用于存储软件程序、计算机可执行程序以及模块。处理器810通过运行存储在存储器820中的软件程序、指令以及模块,从而执行多种功能应用以及数据处理,以实现上述实施例中的 任意一种励磁调节器的过励限制方法。
存储器820可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区,其中,存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需要的应用程序;存储数据区可存储根据计算机设备的使用所创建的数据等。此外,存储器可以包括随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM)等易失性存储器,还可以包括非易失性存储器,例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件或者其他非暂态固态存储器件。
存储器820可以是非暂态计算机存储介质或暂态计算机存储介质。该非暂态计算机存储介质,例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他非易失性固态存储器件。在一些实施例中,存储器820可选包括相对于处理器810远程设置的存储器,这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至计算机设备。上述网络的实例可以包括互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。
输入装置830可用于接收输入的数字或字符信息,以及产生与计算机设备的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。输出装置840可包括显示屏等显示设备。
本实施例的计算机设备还可以包括通信装置850,通过通信网络传输和/或接收信息。
本领域普通技术人员可理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,是可以通过计算机程序来执行相关的硬件来完成的,该程序可存储于一个非暂态计算机可读存储介质中,该程序在执行时,可包括如上述方法的实施例的流程,其中,该非暂态计算机可读存储介质可以为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(ROM)或随机存储记忆体(RAM)等。
本申请一实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤:
确定惯性时间常数;
采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第 一预设值。
综上,本申请实施例的计算机可读存储介质先确定惯性时间常数,然后采集发电机的励磁电流,根据惯性时间常数和励磁电流计算第一计算结果,最后比较第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据第一比较结果确定输出结果,当输出结果为第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小励磁电流至第一预设值,可以根据故障前不同的初始励磁电流调整不同的反时限时间,即在低负荷运行时,使机组具备较高的强励能力,在高负荷运行时,使机组具备较低的强励能力,以保证电网在多次连锁故障时提供充分适当的无功支撑,维持电网安全运行。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种励磁调节器的过励限制方法,包括:
    确定惯性时间常数;
    采集发电机的励磁电流,根据所述惯性时间常数和所述励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
    比较所述第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据所述第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,所述输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
    当所述输出结果为所述第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小所述励磁电流至第一预设值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,通过如下公式确定惯性时间常数:
    Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-100001
    其中,T为惯性时间常数,t为时刻,I f(∞)为正无穷时刻的励磁电流,I f(0_)为0时刻的励磁电流,I fth为1.1倍额定励磁电流。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,根据所述惯性时间常数和所述励磁电流计算第一计算结果,包括:
    对所述励磁电流进行拉普拉斯变换;
    根据经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流和所述惯性时间常数,计算第一计算结果;
    其中,通过如下公式计算第一计算结果:
    Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-100002
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-100003
    为第一计算结果,I f(s)为经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流,T为惯性时间常数,s为拉普拉斯算子。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,根据所述第一比较结果确定输出结果,包括:
    对所述第一比较结果进行增益处理和限幅处理,得到限幅结果;
    根据所述限幅结果和条件参数得到第二计算结果;
    比较所述第二计算结果与第二预设值的大小得到输出结果。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,
    所述条件参数为第三数值或第四数值;
    根据所述限幅结果和条件参数得到第二计算结果,包括:
    当机端电压满足二次强励调节条件时,所述条件参数为所述第三数值,根据所述限幅结果和所述第三数值得到所述第二计算结果;
    当机端电压不满足二次强励调节条件时,所述条件参数为所述第四数值,根据所述限幅结果和所述第四数值得到所述第二计算结果。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,
    当所述第二计算结果小于所述第二预设值时,所述输出结果为所述第一数值;
    当所述第二计算结果大于或等于所述第二预设值时,所述输出结果为所述第二数值。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,
    所述输出结果为所述第二数值时,比较当前时刻的第一计算结果与第二比较值的大小,当当前时刻的第一计算结果小于所述第二比较值时,所述输出结果为所述第一数值,启动过励限制反时限复位。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中,
    当当前时刻的第一计算结果大于或等于所述第二比较值且机端电压满足二次强励调节条件时,启动强励调节以增大所述励磁电流。
  9. 一种励磁调节器的过励限制系统,包括:
    确定单元,设置为确定惯性时间常数;
    第一计算单元,设置为采集发电机的励磁电流,根据所述惯性时间常数和所述励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
    比较单元,设置为比较所述第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果;
    输出结果单元,设置为根据所述第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,所述输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
    过励限制调节单元,设置为启动过励限制反时限调节以减小所述励磁电流至第一预设值。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中,所述确定单元设置为通过如下公式确定惯性时间常数:
    Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-100004
    其中,T为惯性时间常数,t为时刻,I f(∞)为正无穷时刻的励磁电流,I f(0_)为0时刻的励磁电流,I fth为1.1倍额定励磁电流。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中,所述第一计算单元是设置为:
    对所述励磁电流进行拉普拉斯变换;
    根据经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流和所述惯性时间常数,计算第一计算结果;
    其中,通过如下公式计算第一计算结果:
    Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-100005
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2018119090-appb-100006
    为第一计算结果,I f(s)为经过拉普拉斯变换的励磁电流,T为惯性时间常数,s为拉普拉斯算子。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中,所述输出结果单元包括:
    限幅结果子单元,设置为对所述第一比较结果进行增益处理和限幅处理,得到限幅结果;
    第二计算子单元,设置为根据所述限幅结果和条件参数得到第二计算结果;
    输出结果单元子单元,设置为比较所述第二计算结果与第二预设值的大小得到输出结果。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的系统,其中,
    所述条件参数为第三数值或第四数值;
    所述第二计算子单元是设置为:
    根据所述限幅结果和所述第三数值得到所述第二计算结果;
    根据所述限幅结果和所述第四数值得到所述第二计算结果。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的系统,其中,
    当所述第二计算结果小于所述第二预设值时,所述输出结果为所述第一数值;
    当所述第二计算结果大于或等于所述第二预设值时,所述输出结果为所述第二数值。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的系统,还包括:过励限制反时限复位单元;
    所述比较单元还设置为:比较当前时刻的第一计算结果与第二比较值的大小;
    所述过励限制反时限复位单元设置为:启动过励限制反时限复位。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的系统,还包括:
    强励调节单元,设置为启动强励调节以增大所述励磁电流。
  17. 一种计算机设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现以下步骤:
    确定惯性时间常数;
    采集发电机的励磁电流,根据所述惯性时间常数和所述励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
    比较所述第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据所述第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,所述输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
    当所述输出结果为所述第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小所述励磁电流至第一预设值。
  18. 一种计算机可读存储介质,所述存储介质上存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤:
    确定惯性时间常数;
    采集发电机的励磁电流,根据所述惯性时间常数和所述励磁电流计算第一计算结果;
    比较所述第一计算结果与第一比较值的大小得到第一比较结果,根据所述第一比较结果确定输出结果;其中,所述输出结果为第一数值或第二数值;
    当所述输出结果为所述第二数值时,启动过励限制反时限调节以减小所述励磁电流至第一预设值。
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