WO2020034254A1 - 一种自通风型电机及其电机壳 - Google Patents

一种自通风型电机及其电机壳 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020034254A1
WO2020034254A1 PCT/CN2018/102662 CN2018102662W WO2020034254A1 WO 2020034254 A1 WO2020034254 A1 WO 2020034254A1 CN 2018102662 W CN2018102662 W CN 2018102662W WO 2020034254 A1 WO2020034254 A1 WO 2020034254A1
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Prior art keywords
motor
flow channel
ventilation
outlet flow
self
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PCT/CN2018/102662
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
申政
李金星
唐子谋
王成
邓莎
张道禄
崔斯柳
刘勇
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中车株洲电机有限公司
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Publication of WO2020034254A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034254A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of motor manufacturing, in particular to a motor casing and a self-ventilated motor provided with the motor casing.
  • the original ventilation outlet flow channel 02 is usually arranged along the motor circumferential direction, and the width of the original ventilation outlet flow channel 02 is consistent. That is, the width of the ventilation outlet flow channel is always consistent with the width of the flow channel inlet (all a1).
  • the fan 01 in the self-ventilated traction motor is coaxial with the motor rotor and must use radial straight blades. This type of fan has lower efficiency and lower noise. Big.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a motor casing and a self-ventilated motor provided with the motor casing, which can help the motor increase air volume, improve heat dissipation, reduce temperature rise, and reduce airflow noise.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a motor casing is provided with a ventilation outlet flow channel on a peripheral side of the motor casing, and a cross-sectional area of the ventilation outlet flow channel is gradually increased in a direction from an inlet to an outlet (also referred to as "air circulation direction during use”). Big.
  • a plurality of the ventilation outlet flow channels are provided on a peripheral side of the motor case.
  • a side wall of the ventilation outlet flow channel is a flat surface or a curved surface that changes gently.
  • the inlet width of the ventilation outlet flow channel is a2, the outlet width is b2, and a2 ⁇ b2.
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the ventilation outlet flow channel is a flared shape with a symmetrical shape, or a gradually opening shape with a center line being a curve, or a first side wall being a flat surface, and The second side wall opposite to the first side wall has a curved opening shape.
  • a self-ventilated motor includes a fan mounted on a motor shaft and a motor casing provided with a ventilation outlet.
  • the motor casing is the motor casing as described above.
  • the self-ventilated motor is a traction motor for rail transportation.
  • the principle of the diffuser pipe can be used to gradually reduce the air velocity in the ventilation outlet flow channel, and the fluid kinetic energy is transformed into an increase in the static pressure of the outlet, which is conducive to reducing the ventilation resistance and increasing the ventilation volume. This improves the heat dissipation of the motor and reduces the temperature rise.
  • the airflow noise can be reduced by reducing the size of the fan and / or reducing the power of the fan while maintaining the same ventilation volume.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a self-ventilated motor in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a half sectional view of a self-ventilated motor in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a half cross-sectional view of a self-ventilated motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7 are schematic structural diagrams of four different ventilating outlet flow channels provided by embodiments of the present invention.
  • the invention discloses a motor casing and a self-ventilated motor provided with the motor casing, which helps the motor to increase air volume, improve heat dissipation, reduce temperature rise, and reduce airflow noise.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a self-ventilated motor in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a half cross-sectional view of a self-ventilated motor in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a half cross-sectional view of a self-ventilated motor, and FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7 are structural schematic diagrams of four different ventilating outlet flow channels provided by embodiments of the present invention, respectively.
  • the motor casing provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a ventilation outlet flow channel 2 on the peripheral side, and the cross-sectional area of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 is gradually increased in the direction from the inlet to the outlet (also referred to as "air circulation direction during use”). . Therefore, without changing the structure of the fan, the principle of the diffuser pipe can be used to gradually reduce the air velocity in the vent outlet channel 2 and the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted to the static pressure of the outlet (that is, the fluid is perpendicular to the fluid when the fluid flows Pressure in the direction), which is beneficial to reduce the ventilation resistance and increase the ventilation volume.
  • the motor casing provided by the embodiment of the present invention optimizes the structural design of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 without changing the structure of the fan, and uses the principle of the expansion tube to help increase the air volume of the motor fan, improve heat dissipation, and reduce Temperature rise.
  • the motor housing provided by the embodiment of the present invention can use a fan 1 with a smaller size and power under the condition that the ventilation volume is not changed (compared with the prior art), that is, by reducing the fan size ( R2 ⁇ R1, R1 is the radius of the original fan in the prior art, R2 is the radius of the fan provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention) and / or the fan power is reduced to reduce airflow noise.
  • a plurality of (for example, eight) ventilation outlet runners 2 are provided on the peripheral side of the motor casing.
  • the shape of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 should not only gradually increase the width of the flow channel in the direction of air circulation, but preferably make the side wall a flat surface or a curved surface, so as to ensure a smooth increase in the ventilation area and avoid sudden changes; All parts of the flow channel should be as smooth as possible, and there should be no sharp corners and other features that cause pressure loss and obstruct the ventilation, so as to reduce the local flow loss of the air flow in the flow channel and ensure the flow efficiency and air volume.
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 may be a trumpet shape with a symmetrical shape (see FIG. 3 for details). However, it is not limited to this.
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 can also be set to a gradually opening shape whose center line L is a curve (for details, refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7), or the first side wall is flat, and The second side wall opposite to the first side wall is a gradually curved opening (see FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 for details).
  • Those skilled in the art can make various design solutions for the specific shape of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 according to actual conditions (such as restricted conditions or special distribution needs of the flow field), which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 may also have various designs. For example, a circle, an ellipse, a waist, or a rectangle, etc. Similarly, the present invention does not specifically limit this.
  • the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 with a rectangular cross-sectional shape and a flared or gradually opening shape in a vertical cross-sectional shape is taken as an example for specific description.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the vent outlet channel 2 is rectangular.
  • the inlet width is a2
  • the outlet width is b2, a2 ⁇ b2.
  • the depth h2 of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 should be extended as much as possible, so that h2> h1 (h1 is the original ventilation outlet flow channel depth in the prior art) to obtain a larger outlet width b2.
  • the inlet width a2 of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 may be equal to the original inlet width a1 of the original ventilation outlet flow channel 02 in the prior art, but the outlet width b2 has Significantly increased (ie b2> a1).
  • the outlet width b2 of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 is significantly larger than the inlet width a2, so that the air flow pressure is more fully converted into static pressure, and a better supercharging effect is produced.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also provides a self-ventilated motor.
  • the self-ventilated motor includes a fan 1 mounted on a motor shaft, and a motor case provided with a ventilation outlet.
  • the motor case is the motor case described above.
  • the motor casing provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the self-ventilated motor provided with the motor casing can be applied to traction motors for rail transit.
  • the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 has the characteristics of strong ventilation and high static pressure, which can meet the cooling needs of the traction motor.
  • the ventilation structure composed of the ventilation outlet flow channel 2 and the fan 1 has a simple and compact structure, convenient installation, low noise, high efficiency, and sufficient air volume, which can meet vehicle space requirements.
  • the motor casing provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the self-ventilated motor provided with the motor casing can be applied not only to traction motors for rail transit, but also to motors and motors in other fields.
  • the diameter is applicable from tens of millimeters to several meters.
  • the values of a2, b2, and h2 are related to the size of the motor and the size of the fan, and the technicians can make specific settings according to actual conditions according to specific needs, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

一种电机壳和一种设置有此电机壳的自通风型电机。电机壳的周侧设置有通风出口流道（2），通风出口流道在进口到出口方向上截面积逐渐增大。从而，在不改变风扇（1）结构的情况下，能够利用扩压管原理，令通风出口流道内的空气流速逐渐降低，流体动能转变为出口静压的升高，从而有利于减小通风阻力，增加通风量，从而改善电机散热、降低温升。此外，采用上述电机壳，可在保证通风量不变的情况下，通过减小风扇尺寸和/或减小风扇功率，来降低气流噪音。

Description

一种自通风型电机及其电机壳
本申请要求于2018年8月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810939761.1、发明名称为“一种自通风型电机及其电机壳”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电机制造技术领域，特别涉及一种电机壳和一种设置有该电机壳的自通风型电机。
背景技术
为确保大功率牵引电机安全可靠运行，提高散热能力并降低电机本身的温升成为轨道交通牵引电机技术人员关注的重要课题。
由于车辆转向架下安装电机的空间位置有限，设计出结构简单的直接冷却装置非常有必要。自通风型牵引电机中，将风扇安装于电机转轴上，结构简单，空间紧凑，因而在城市轨道交通领域，特别是地铁、轻轨和低地板车辆上得到广泛应用。
现有技术中，如图1和图2所示，自通风型牵引电机的电机壳上，原通风出口流道02通常沿电机周向布置，原通风出口流道02的流道宽窄一致，即通风出口流道宽度始终保持与流道进口宽度一致(均为a1)。而且，由于轨道交通牵引电机有正反两向旋转的需要，自通风型牵引电机中的风扇01与电机转子同轴，且必须采用径向直叶片，而此类型风扇的效率较低并且噪音较大。
随着轨道交通车辆的不断提速，牵引电机的功率不断增大，对牵引电机的通风冷却提出了更严苛的要求，需要提升风量以防止电机温升过高。此外，对于城市轨道交通而言，电机的噪音问题日益受到关注，而在高转速下，气流噪音是电机噪音的主要组成部分。随着噪音指标的日益严苛，也需要在满足散热风量的要求下尽可能降低气流噪音。
因此，如何令电机增加风量、改善散热、降低温升，并降低气流噪音，是目前本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种电机壳和一种设置有该电机壳的自通风型电机，有助于电机增加风量、改善散热、降低温升，并降低气流噪音。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种电机壳，所述电机壳的周侧设置有通风出口流道，所述通风出口流道在进口到出口方向(亦可称为“使用时空气流通方向”)上截面积逐渐增大。
优选地，在上述电机壳中，所述电机壳的周侧设置有多个所述通风出口流道。
优选地，在上述电机壳中，在进口到出口方向上，所述通风出口流道的侧壁为平缓变化的平面或曲面。
优选地，在上述电机壳中，所述通风出口流道的进口宽度为a2，出口宽度为b2，a2＜b2。
优选地，在上述电机壳中，所述通风出口流道的纵截面形状为形状对称的喇叭状，或者为中心线为曲线的渐开口状，或者为第一侧壁为平面、与所述第一侧壁相对的第二侧壁为曲面的渐开口状。
一种自通风型电机，包括安装于电机转轴上的风扇，和设置有通风出口的电机壳，所述电机壳为如上文中所述的电机壳。
优选地，在上述自通风型电机中，所述自通风型电机为轨道交通用牵引电机。
从上述技术方案可以看出，本发明提供的电机壳和一种设置有该电机壳的自通风型电机中，由于通风出口流道在进口到出口方向上截面积逐渐增大，从而，在不改变风扇结构的情况下，能够利用扩压管原理，令通风出口流道内的空气流速逐渐降低，流体动能转变为出口静压的升高，从而有利于减小通风阻力，增加通风量，从而改善电机散热、降低温升。此外，采用上述电机壳，可在保证通风量不变的情况下，通过减小风扇尺寸和/或减小风扇功率，来降低气流噪音。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中的自通风型电机的主视图；
图2为现有技术中的自通风型电机的半剖图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的自通风型电机的半剖图；
图4、图5、图6、图7分别为本发明实施例提供的四个不同结构型式的通风出口流道的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种电机壳和一种设置有该电机壳的自通风型电机，有助于电机增加风量、改善散热、降低温升，并降低气流噪音。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1至图7，图1为现有技术中的自通风型电机的主视图，图2为现有技术中的自通风型电机的半剖图，图3为本发明实施例提供的自通风型电机的半剖图，图4、图5、图6、图7分别为本发明实施例提供的四个不同结构型式的通风出口流道的结构示意图。
本发明实施例提供的电机壳，其周侧设置有通风出口流道2，通风出口流道2在进口到出口方向(亦可称为“使用时空气流通方向”)上截面积逐渐增大。从而，在不改变风扇结构的情况下，能够利用扩压管原理，令通风出口流道2内的空气流速逐渐降低，流体动能转变为出口静压(即流体在流动时产生的垂直于流体运动方向的压力)的升高，从而有利于减小通风阻力，增加通风量。
可见，本发明实施例提供的电机壳，在不改变风扇结构的情况下，优化了通风出口流道2的结构设计，利用扩压管原理，有利于电机风扇的风量增加、改善散热、降低温升。
此外，本发明实施例提供的电机壳，在保证通风量不变(与现有技术相比)的情况下，可以使用更小尺寸及功率的风扇1，即，可通过减小风扇尺寸(R2＜R1，R1为现有技术中的原风扇半径，R2为本发明具体实施例提供的风扇半径)和/或减小风扇功率，来降低气流噪音。
在具体实施例中，该电机壳的周侧设置有多个(例如8个)通风出口流道 2。
在具体实施例中，通风出口流道2的形状，不仅在空气流通方向上流道宽度应逐渐扩大，优选令侧壁为平缓变化的平面或曲面，从而保证通风面积平缓增加，避免出现突变；而且流道各处均应尽量平顺，不能有尖角等造成压力损失以及阻碍通风的特征结构，以减小气流在流道中的局部流动损失，保证流动效率和风量。
具体地，通风出口流道2的纵截面形状可以为形状对称的喇叭状(具体可参见图3)。但是并不局限于此，通风出口流道2的纵截面形状还可以设置为中心线L为曲线的渐开口状(具体可参阅图6和图7)，或者为第一侧壁为平面、与第一侧壁相对的第二侧壁为曲面的渐开口状(具体可参阅图4和图5)。本领域技术人员，可根据实际情况(例如条件限制或流场特殊分布需求)，对通风出口流道2的具体形状做出多种设计方案，本发明对此不作具体限定。
具体地，通风出口流道2的横截面形状也可以有多种设计方案。例如圆形、椭圆形、腰型或长方形等，同理，本发明对此不作具体限定。
下面以横截面形状为长方形、纵截面形状为喇叭状或渐开口状的通风出口流道2为例，进行具体说明。
在优选的具体实施例中，通风出口流道2的横截面形状为长方形。其进口宽度为a2，出口宽度为b2，a2＜b2。
具体地，在设计条件允许时，通风出口流道2的深度h2应尽量延长，令h2>h1(h1为现有技术中的原通风出口流道深度)，以获得较大的出口宽度b2。
具体实施时，本发明实施例提供的电机壳中，通风出口流道2的进口宽度a2，可与现有技术中的原通风出口流道02的原进口宽度a1相等，但出口宽度b2有显著增加(即b2>a1)。
可见，本发明实施例提供的电机壳中，通风出口流道2的出口宽度b2显著大于进口宽度a2，从而使空气流动压更充分地转化为静压，产生更好的增压效果。
此外，本发明实施例还提供了一种自通风型电机。该自通风型电机包括安装于电机转轴上的风扇1，和设置有通风出口的电机壳，该电机壳为如上文中所述的电机壳。
综上可见，本发明实施例提供的电机壳，以及设置有该电机壳的自通风型电机，可适用于轨道交通用牵引电机。其通风出口流道2具有通风能力强、静压高的特点，能够满足牵引电机冷却需要。而且，由该通风出口流道2和风扇1构成的通风结构，其结构简单紧凑、安装方便、噪声低、效率高、风量足够，能够满足车辆空间要求。
在此需要说明的是，本发明实施例提供的电机壳，以及设置有该电机壳的自通风型电机，不仅可适用于轨道交通用牵引电机，还可适用于其它领域的电机，电机直径从几十毫米到几米，均可适用。具体实施时，a2、b2、h2取值与电机大小和风扇尺寸相关，技术人员可根据实际情况根据具体需要进行具体设置，本发明对此不作具体限定。
最后，还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种电机壳，其特征在于，所述电机壳的周侧设置有通风出口流道(2)，所述通风出口流道(2)在进口到出口方向上截面积逐渐增大。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机壳，其特征在于，所述电机壳的周侧设置有多个所述通风出口流道(2)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电机壳，其特征在于，在进口到出口上，所述通风出口流道(2)的侧壁为平缓变化的平面或曲面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电机壳，其特征在于，所述通风出口流道(2)的进口宽度为a2，出口宽度为b2，a2＜b2。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任选一项所述的电机壳，其特征在于，所述通风出口流道(2)的纵截面形状为形状对称的喇叭状，或者为中心线为曲线的渐开口状，或者为第一侧壁为平面、与所述第一侧壁相对的第二侧壁为曲面的渐开口状。
  6. 一种自通风型电机，包括安装于电机转轴上的风扇(1)，和设置有通风出口的电机壳，其特征在于，所述电机壳为如权利要求1至5任一项所述的电机壳。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的自通风型电机，其特征在于，所述自通风型电机为轨道交通用牵引电机。
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