WO2020019528A1 - 吸油烟机 - Google Patents

吸油烟机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020019528A1
WO2020019528A1 PCT/CN2018/109836 CN2018109836W WO2020019528A1 WO 2020019528 A1 WO2020019528 A1 WO 2020019528A1 CN 2018109836 W CN2018109836 W CN 2018109836W WO 2020019528 A1 WO2020019528 A1 WO 2020019528A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
volute
range hood
water
cleaning
impeller
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/109836
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨星星
方云超
秦兴元
季俊生
Original Assignee
佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司
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Application filed by 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 filed Critical 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司
Publication of WO2020019528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020019528A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
    • F24C15/2057—Removing cooking fumes using a cleaning liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of household appliances, and in particular, to a range hood.
  • the range hood can quickly discharge the fumes generated during cooking to the outside of the house, thereby ensuring the cleanness of the indoor air environment.
  • a large amount of oil pollution especially parts such as impellers
  • the range hood is not cleaned in time, its work efficiency will be greatly reduced, and there will be certain safety risks. , It is difficult to guarantee the user experience.
  • the fan cleaning system injects a cleaning liquid into the bottom cavity of the volute in the cleaning state.
  • the injected cleaning liquid can continuously wash the impeller in a rotating state, thereby achieving efficient cleaning of the impeller.
  • the above-mentioned cleaning process requires a large amount of cleaning liquid, that is, the water consumption is relatively large, which will increase the cleaning cost to a certain extent.
  • the water used in the existing range hoods during cleaning usually requires users to prepare their own water containers for storage. When the water consumption in the cleaning process is large, the workload of the users will be increased.
  • the present invention provides a range hood, which can greatly reduce the water consumption of the range hood during the cleaning process, thereby reducing the cleaning cost of the range hood and reducing the user's Work burden.
  • the present invention provides a range hood including a volute, an impeller, and a fan cleaning system.
  • a volute bottom cavity between the volute bottom of the volute and the bottom of the impeller of the impeller is formed as Variable volume variable volume cavity, the variable volume cavity can be switched between the working state volume and the cleaning state volume.
  • the cleaning state volume when the range hood is in the fan cleaning state is smaller than the oil absorption volume.
  • the fan cleaning system injects a cleaning liquid into the bottom cavity of the volute under the fan cleaning state.
  • the range hood includes a lifting mechanism for driving the bottom of the volute and the bottom of the impeller to move relative to each other.
  • the lifting mechanism drives the bottom of the volute Away from the bottom of the impeller, and in the state of the fan cleaning, the lifting mechanism drives the bottom of the volute and the bottom of the impeller to approach each other.
  • the range hood includes an impeller motor which is coaxially mounted on a rear end of the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate, and one of the volute and the impeller motor is a fixed component.
  • the other is a moving part, and the lifting mechanism is connected to and drives the moving part to move relative to the fixed part.
  • the lifting mechanism is disposed behind the volute.
  • the lifting mechanism is a carriage lifting mechanism and includes a vertical fixed slide rail and a mobile carriage fixedly connected to the moving member.
  • the vertical fixed slide rail and the fixed member are both fixedly arranged.
  • the moving carriage can slide along the vertical fixed slide rail.
  • a motor fixing frame is provided at the rear end of the impeller motor, and the motor fixing frame includes a hoop portion and a plurality of connecting ear portions extending radially from the hoop portion and distributed along the circumferential direction,
  • the impeller motor is fixedly sleeved in the hoop portion, and the moving carriage forms a multi-point connection with a plurality of the connecting ear portions.
  • the vertical fixed slide rail includes a left vertical fixed slide rail and a right vertical fixed slide rail, and a left ear hinge mounting portion and a right ear hinge mounting portion are respectively provided on both sides of the rear end of the volute.
  • the moving carriage is a triangular bracket diverging along the center, and includes a left bracket rod, a right bracket rod, and a vertical bracket rod.
  • the left bracket rod and the right bracket rod are respectively provided with sliding cooperation with the left vertical fixed slide rail.
  • the left slider and the right slider slidingly cooperate with the right vertical fixed slide, and the ends of the left bracket rod and the right bracket rod are fixedly connected to the left ear hinge mounting portion and the right ear hinge mounting portion, respectively.
  • the vertical support rod is provided with a lifting driving mechanism for driving the mobile carriage to slide vertically relative to the vertical fixed slide rail.
  • the lifting driving mechanism is a motor-driven screw nut mechanism
  • the vertical support rod is connected to a moving nut of the screw nut mechanism.
  • the impeller motor is a dual-rotor motor, and a rear rotating shaft of the impeller motor drives the moving carriage to slide along the vertical fixed slide rail.
  • a sliding stroke of the moving carriage on the vertical fixed slide is smaller than a radius difference between an outer diameter of the impeller and an inner diameter of the volute cavity.
  • the volute is a split structure and includes an upper volute body and a lower volute water receiving portion, and the volute water receiving portion can move up and down relative to the volute body.
  • the volute water receiving portion can be moved up and down between an ascending and descending point and an ascending and descending high point. At the ascending and descending point, the volute and the volute body are spliced into a complete ring. Volute.
  • the outer walls on both sides of the volute water-receiving portion abut against the inner peripheral wall of the volute body, respectively.
  • the lifting mechanism is used to connect and drive the volute water receiving portion to move up and down.
  • the lifting mechanism comprises a vertical guide rail and a lifting carriage capable of sliding along the vertical guide rail, and the vertical guide rail and the volute body are both fixedly arranged, and the lifting carriage and the worm The water receiving part of the shell is fixedly connected.
  • a bottom of the volute water receiving part is provided with a water receiving part support base, and the lifting carriage is fixedly connected to the water receiving part support base.
  • the volute water receiving portion is an integrally formed plastic part sealed at the bottom, and the volute body is a metal plate splicing part.
  • a drain opening with a switch control valve is provided at the bottom of the volute water receiving portion, and the range hood includes an oil box located below the volute water receiving portion, and the drain opening is connected to the drain opening.
  • the hose that extends from the oil tank downwards.
  • a cavity filling member with a variable filling volume is provided in the bottom cavity of the volute.
  • the cavity filling member is an expandable element.
  • the inflatable element is an airbag with an inflation device.
  • the expandable element is a foam that expands when exposed to water.
  • the cavity filling member is a telescoping moving member capable of contracting and extending in the bottom cavity of the volute, and the filling volume of the telescoping moving member in the extended state is larger than that of the telescoping moving member in the contracted state. Fill volume.
  • the filling volume of the cavity filling member in the normal working state is smaller than the filling volume in the fan cleaning state.
  • the volute is arranged in a horizontal direction, the volute includes a volute air outlet at the top, and the central axis of the air outlet of the volute air outlet extends horizontally and horizontally.
  • the horizontal angle between the central axis of the air outlet and the horizontal line is not greater than 30 °.
  • the volute air outlet is provided with a check valve.
  • the outer profile of the volute is an involute.
  • a radial distance between each point on the involute and a base circle of the involute gradually increases, and the involute includes The start point of the involute with the smallest radial distance from the base circle and the end point of the involute with the largest radial distance from the base circle, the start point of the involute and the end point of the involute are located at the volute air outlet On the side walls.
  • the length between the start point of the involute and the outer end surface of the volute air outlet is shorter than the length between the end point of the involute and the outer end surface of the volute air outlet.
  • the base circle is a circular contour line of a volute air inlet at an end surface of the volute.
  • the range hood includes a water storage box sleeved on the bottom of the volute, and the bottom cavity of the volute is in communication with the water storage cavity of the water storage box.
  • a bottom end opening with a switch control valve is provided at the bottom of the water storage box, the range hood further includes an oil box located below the volute, and the bottom end opening is connected to the oil box. Hose protruding downwards.
  • the impeller includes the lowest bottom blade at the lowest position of the bottom, and when the fan cleaning system injects a cleaning liquid into the bottom cavity of the volute in the state of the fan cleaning, the bottom cavity of the volute
  • the liquid level height is not lower than the upper edge of the blade of the lowest bottom blade.
  • the volute end surface of the volute is provided with a volute air inlet
  • the periphery of the volute air inlet is provided with an air inlet ring.
  • the height of the liquid level is not higher than the lowest end of the air inlet ring.
  • the fan cleaning system includes a water supply pipe and a return water pipe, an upstream end of the water supply pipe is connected to a tap water pipe, and a downstream end is connected to a cleaning nozzle, the cleaning nozzle extends into the volute, and the return pipe The top end is connected to the bottom cavity of the volute, and the bottom end is connected to an external sewage pipe.
  • the fan cleaning system includes a water supply control valve provided at an upstream end of the water supply pipe and a water return control valve provided in the water return pipe.
  • the water supply control valve is an electromagnetic flow valve
  • the return water control valve is an electromagnetic on-off valve
  • the water supply pipe is provided with a cleaning liquid adding device located downstream of the water supply control valve, and the cleaning liquid adding device includes a cleaning liquid container for storing a cleaning solvent and an outlet provided in the cleaning liquid container.
  • the addition control valve is located at a position where the addition control valve releases the cleaning solvent to the water supply pipe in an opened state to prepare the cleaning liquid.
  • the adding control valve is an electromagnetic flow valve.
  • the water supply pipe is provided with a heating device located downstream of the cleaning liquid adding device, and the heating device is configured to heat the cleaning liquid into a high-temperature liquid cleaning liquid or a high-temperature gaseous cleaning liquid.
  • the oil box is connected with an oil return pipe, and the oil return pipe is connected with the water return pipe.
  • the fan cleaning system includes a built-in water tank built into a machine cavity of the range hood.
  • the casing of the range hood includes a rear panel, and the built-in water tank is fixedly mounted on the rear panel.
  • a water injection port is provided on the casing, and the water injection port drains to the built-in water tank.
  • the cabinet includes a front panel and a side panel, and the water injection port is disposed on the front panel and / or a side panel.
  • a water box holder is installed at the water injection port, and a water box capable of extending is provided on the water box bracket.
  • the built-in water tank is a closed water tank provided with a water tank inlet, a water tank outlet and a water tank return.
  • the water introduction box is connected to a water outlet hose, and the water outlet hose passes through the water inlet of the water tank and enters the water tank. Described in the built-in water tank.
  • the water introduction box is a manually drawn box body, an electronically controlled mobile box body, or a spring-loaded box body.
  • the water introduction box support is connected with the water introduction box through an elephant trunk lock.
  • a limit stop block for preventing the water introduction box from detaching is provided on the peripheral casing portion of the water introduction box support and / or the water injection port.
  • two ends of the water supply pipe are respectively connected to the built-in water tank and the cleaning spray pipe, and two ends of the return pipe are respectively connected to the bottom cavity of the volute and the built-in water tank.
  • the range hood includes a water level detection device, which is used to detect a water level height in the built-in water tank and output a water level height signal; the range hood further includes a water level reminder device, and the water level reminder The device is electrically connected to the water level detection device and issues a water level reminder after receiving the water level height signal.
  • the water level detection device includes an electrode type water level detection device provided with a low water level probe, and the low water level probe is configured to generate a low water level signal when a water level height in the built-in water tank is lower than a preset minimum water level.
  • the water level reminding device is configured to send a water supplement reminder when receiving the low water level signal.
  • the electrode-type water level detection device is further provided with a high water level probe, and the high water level probe is configured to generate a high water level signal when a water level height in the built-in water tank is higher than a preset maximum water level, and the water level The reminding device is configured to issue a water overflow reminder when receiving the high water level signal.
  • the high-water level probe and the low-water level probe are suspended from a top wall of the built-in water tank, and a bottom end of the low-water level probe is lower than a bottom end of the high-water level probe.
  • the water level detection device includes a mechanical overflow detection device provided with an anti-overflow floating block assembly, and the anti-overflow floating block assembly is configured to close the water tank when the water level in the built-in water tank reaches the overflow height water intake.
  • the anti-overflow floating block assembly is hinged on an inner peripheral wall of the built-in water tank.
  • an overflow pipe is connected to the top of the built-in water tank, and a bottom end of the overflow pipe is connected to the oil box.
  • the volume of the bottom cavity of the volute in the range hood of the present invention can be adjusted according to changes in the working state, that is, it can be switched to a larger volume working state cavity under normal working conditions or switched to Smaller volume cleaning chamber. Therefore, in the state of fan cleaning, when the liquid level in the bottom cavity of the volute of the present range hood and the existing range hood is the same, the bottom volute of the range hood of the present invention The amount of cleaning liquid to be injected is smaller, thereby saving water consumption in the cleaning process, that is, reducing the cleaning cost of the range hood and reducing the user's workload when preparing water for cleaning.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a range hood provided with a variable volume cavity in a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fan provided with a liftable impeller or a liftable volute in a normal working state in a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fan provided with a liftable impeller in a fan cleaning state in a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the fan in Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the structure of the fan in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fan provided with an adjustable volute in a fan cleaning state in a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the fan in Figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the structure of the fan in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a front perspective view of a range hood provided with a split volute in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a rear perspective view of the range hood in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting mechanism and a volute water receiving portion of the range hood in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a fan provided with an airbag in a normal working state in a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the fan in FIG. 12 under a fan cleaning state
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fan provided with a telescopic moving member in a normal working state in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the fan in FIG. 14 under a fan cleaning state
  • 16 is a front view of a range hood provided with a horizontal volute in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional fan provided with a vertical volute
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontally arranged volute of the range hood in FIG. 16;
  • 19 is a front view of a range hood provided with a water storage box in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a perspective view when a water injection port is provided on a side panel of the range hood in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 22 is a perspective view when a water injection port is provided on a front panel of the range hood in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 23 is a sectional view of a built-in water tank of the range hood in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 24 is an exploded view of the structure of the built-in water tank in FIG. 23;
  • FIG. 25 is a partially enlarged schematic view A-A of the built-in water tank in FIG. 24.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a built-in water tank provided with a water level detection device in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • volute body is the volute water receiving unit.
  • Elevating slides 74 vertical guide rails
  • the right slider is the left and right fixed slide rail. 721
  • orientation words such as "up, down, top, bottom” are usually used for the directions shown in the drawings or for vertical, vertical, or gravity directions unless otherwise stated.
  • the terms used to describe the positional relationship of the components are described above.
  • the present invention provides a range hood 100.
  • the range hood 100 includes a fan provided with a volute 2 and an impeller 3, and a fan cleaning system for cleaning the fan.
  • the impeller 3 is located in the volute cavity of the volute 2, and the volute bottom cavity 24 between the bottom of the volute of the volute 2 and the bottom of the impeller 3 is formed so that the volume can be adjusted according to different working conditions.
  • Variable volume cavity The range hood 100 includes the normal working state and the fan cleaning state. When the range hood 100 is in the normal working state, the volute 24 at the bottom of the volute is formed into a large volume working state.
  • the volute bottom volume 24 is formed as a cleaning state volume with a volume smaller than the working volume volume, and the volute bottom volume 24 can switch between the working volume and the cleaning volume in a timely manner.
  • the fan cleaning system in the range hood 100 can inject the cleaning liquid 48 into the bottom cavity 24 of the volute, and the impeller 3 is in a rotating state and the bottom part of the impeller is immersed in the cleaning liquid 48, that is, The cleaning liquid 48 can continuously scrub the impeller while immersing it, thereby effectively removing the oil stains accumulated in the impeller 3.
  • the hood 100 of the present invention sets the volute bottom cavity 24 as a variable volume cavity with a variable volume, so that the volute bottom cavity 24 can have a smaller volume under a fan cleaning state.
  • the level of the liquid level in the bottom cavity of the volute of the existing range hood 100 is the same as that of the existing range hood, the amount of cleaning liquid to be injected into the bottom cavity 24 of the volute of the range hood 100 of the present invention less.
  • the water hood 100 of the present invention requires less water. Therefore, the range hood 100 of the present invention has the advantage of low cleaning cost.
  • the user may need to bring his own water container for washing water.
  • the amount of washing water is small, the user does not need to carry the heavy water Adding water to the container or the water container multiple times can ensure the cleaning effect of the range hood. It can be seen that setting the bottom cavity 24 of the volute as a variable cavity can also reduce the user's workload to a certain extent, thereby improving its use experience.
  • the range hood 100 in the present invention may be provided with a variety of different structures or methods to achieve a variable volume of the cavity 24 at the bottom of the volute.
  • Several preferred embodiments will be listed below to explain how The bottom cavity 24 is formed as a variable cavity.
  • the multiple preferred embodiments listed below are only used to explain and supplement the concept of the present invention, and should not be understood as other examples of forming the volute bottom cavity 24 as a variable cavity.
  • Structural or methodological restrictions In other words, other structures or methods capable of forming the volute bottom cavity 24 as a variable cavity should fall within the scope of the present invention, but due to the limited space, they will not be described one by one in the following.
  • the range hood 100 is provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the volute 2 and the impeller 3 to move relatively.
  • the lifting mechanism can drive the bottom of the volute and the bottom of the impeller to approach each other.
  • the volume of the bottom cavity 24 of the volute becomes smaller to form the above-mentioned cleaning state.
  • the amount of cleaning liquid to be injected into the bottom cavity 24 of the volute of the range hood 100 is less, which effectively reduces the production cost and reduces the workload of the user.
  • the lifting mechanism can drive the bottom of the volute and the bottom of the impeller away from each other, so that the volute bottom cavity 24 is re-formed into a working volume with a larger volume to prepare the range hood.
  • Next time 100 works.
  • the fan of the range hood 100 further includes an impeller motor 32, and the front end of the impeller 3 is an air inlet end. Therefore, the impeller motor 32 is coaxially installed at the rear end of the impeller 3 to drive its rotation.
  • one of the volute 2 and the impeller motor 32 may be set as a fixed part, and the other as a moving part, and The lifting mechanism is connected to the moving member to drive the moving member to move relative to the fixed member.
  • volute 2 and the impeller 3 can be connected to different lifting mechanisms, respectively, so that the volute 2 and the impeller 3 can move at the same time, but the disadvantage of this structure is that multiple lifting mechanisms will occupy too much machinery.
  • the space in the cavity greatly increases the external volume and body weight of the range hood 100. Therefore, only the embodiments in which the lifting mechanism drives the volute 2 or the impeller 3 alone are explained below.
  • the lifting mechanism may be preferably arranged in the machine cavity of the range hood 100, and when the lifting mechanism is arranged in the machine cavity of the range hood 100, It should be avoided to affect the normal operation of other parts in the machine cavity.
  • the front ends of the volute 2 and the impeller 3 are air inlet ends, so it is not suitable to set the lifting mechanism in front of the volute 2 and the impeller 3.
  • the volute bottom receiving cavity 24 is formed between the bottom of the volute and the bottom of the impeller, it is not suitable to set the lifting mechanism below the impeller 3.
  • the lifting mechanism can be preferably arranged at the rear position of the volute 2 and the impeller 3, which will not affect the normal operation of other components, and also facilitates the connection between the lifting mechanism and the moving components.
  • the range hood 100 in the preferred embodiment may use a lifting mechanism having a different structure or connection manner, such as a carriage lifting mechanism.
  • a lifting mechanism having a different structure or connection manner, such as a carriage lifting mechanism.
  • several preferred structures will be listed to explain how to drive the volute 2 and the impeller 3 to move relative to each other through the lifting mechanism.
  • the multiple preferred structures listed below are only used to explain and supplement the ideas in the preferred embodiment, and should not be construed as limiting the structure or connection manner of the lifting mechanism.
  • other lifting mechanisms that are not described below should be considered in the scope of this preferred embodiment, but due to limited space, they will not be described one by one in the following.
  • a carriage lifting mechanism can be adopted as the lifting mechanism in the preferred embodiment.
  • the carriage lifting mechanism includes a moving carriage 71 and a vertical fixed slide rail 72, wherein the vertical fixed slide rail 72 and the fixed components are both fixedly arranged (for example, both can be fixed on the casing of the range hood 100), and the moving carriage 71 is fixedly connected to the moving part and can move up and down along the vertical fixed slide rail 72.
  • the volute 2 can be provided as a fixed component and the impeller motor 32 can be provided as a moving component.
  • the moving carriage 71 can drive the impeller motor 32 to move up and down relative to the volute 2.
  • the impeller motor 32 together with the impeller 3 is lowered to bring the bottom of the impeller closer to the bottom of the volute. Stay away from the bottom of the volute.
  • the rear end of the impeller motor 32 may be provided with a motor fixing frame 33.
  • the motor fixing frame 33 includes a hoop portion 331 and a plurality of connecting ear portions 332 extending from the hoop portion 331 in the radial direction and spaced along the circumferential direction.
  • the impeller motor 32 is fixedly sleeved in the hoop portion 331, and the moving carriage 71 may be preferably configured to form a multi-point connection structure with a plurality of connection ear portions 332.
  • the multi-point connection structure is beneficial to increase the connection strength between the moving carriage 71 and the motor fixing frame 33, so that the impeller motor 32 can follow the moving carriage 71 to rise and fall immediately.
  • the volute bottom chamber 24 can be switched between the working state chamber and the cleaning state chamber in time according to the change of the working state.
  • the impeller motor 32 may be provided as a fixed component and the volute 2 may be provided as a moving component.
  • the vertical fixed slide rail 72 may include a left vertical fixed slide rail 721 and a right vertical fixed slide rail 722 disposed in parallel at intervals. Because the volute 2 has a large weight, it is necessary to ensure that the movable carriage 71 has sufficient rigidity and strength. Therefore, the movable carriage 71 may be preferably set as a triangular bracket diverging along the center.
  • the triangular bracket includes a left bracket rod 711 and a right bracket. A rod 712 and a vertical support rod 713.
  • the respective ends of the left bracket rod 711, the right bracket rod 712, and the vertical bracket rod 713 are connected to the center position of the triangular bracket.
  • the end of the left bracket rod 711 is fixedly connected to the left ear hinge mounting portion 27 and the right bracket rod 712.
  • the distal end is fixedly connected to the right ear hinge mounting portion 28.
  • the left slider 714 on the left bracket rod 711 slides with the left vertical fixed slide rail 721
  • the right slider 715 on the right bracket rod 712 slides with the right vertical fixed slide rail 722, on the vertical bracket rod 713
  • a lifting driving mechanism is provided for driving the mobile carriage 71 to slide vertically with respect to the vertical fixed slide rail 72.
  • the moving carriage 71 can drive the volute 2 to move up and down relative to the impeller 3.
  • the volute 2 rises to bring the bottom of the volute close to the bottom of the impeller, and under the normal working state of the range hood 100, the volute 2 drops to move the bottom of the volute away from the bottom of the impeller again.
  • the above-mentioned lift driving mechanism may be preferably provided as a lighter push rod motor 75.
  • the push rod motor 75 is provided with a screw nut mechanism. By connecting the vertical support rod 713 to the moving nut of the screw nut mechanism, the rotary motion of the motor shaft can be converted into the lifting movement of the moving carriage 71. It can be seen that by using the push rod motor 75, the volume of the lifting mechanism is reduced, and it is beneficial to simplify the connection structure between the lifting driving mechanism and the moving carriage 71.
  • the impeller motor 32 may also be provided as a dual-rotor motor.
  • the dual-rotor motor includes a front rotation shaft for driving the impeller 3 to rotate and a rear rotation shaft protruding rearward, and the front rotation shaft and the rear rotation shaft can rotate independently of each other.
  • the rear rotating shaft can be used as a power shaft for driving the sliding carriage 71, that is, the dual-rotor motor is used as the above-mentioned lifting driving mechanism.
  • the sliding stroke of the moving carriage 71 on the vertical fixed slide 72 should be smaller than the distance between the bottom of the volute and the bottom of the impeller.
  • the shortest vertical distance which should be less than the radius difference between the outer diameter of the impeller 3 and the inner diameter of the volute cavity, so as to avoid structural damage caused by rigid collision between the bottom of the volute and the bottom of the impeller, thereby improving the reliability of the range hood 100 Sex.
  • the volute 2 is provided as a split structure.
  • the volute 2 includes a volute body 21 at an upper portion and a volute water receiving portion 22 at a lower portion.
  • the impeller 3 is located in the volute body 21.
  • the volute water receiving portion 22 can move up and down relative to the volute body 21. Among them, in the fan cleaning state of the range hood 100, the volute water receiving portion 22 rises to be close to the bottom of the impeller, so that the volute bottom receiving cavity 24 in the volute water receiving portion 22 is formed into a small volume cleaning state receiving cavity. .
  • the volute water receiving portion 22 In the normal working state of the range hood 100, the volute water receiving portion 22 is lowered away from the bottom of the impeller, so that the volute bottom cavity 24 is re-formed into a working volume with a larger volume. It can be seen that, by setting the volute 2 as a split structure, the volute bottom cavity 24 in the volute water receiving portion 22 is formed as a variable volume cavity capable of adjusting the size of the volume according to changes in the working state.
  • the volute water receiving portion 22 can move up and down between the raising and lowering point and the raising and lowering point.
  • the range hood 100 is in a normal working state.
  • the volute water receiving portion 22 and the volute body 21 can be spliced into a complete annular volute.
  • the volute water receiving portion The outer walls on both sides of 22 are abutted to the inner peripheral wall of the volute body 21, so that the volute 2 has better air tightness, which is beneficial to ensure the normal operation of the fan.
  • the range hood 100 When the volute water receiving portion 22 is located at the lifting height, the range hood 100 is in a fan cleaning state, and the outer walls of both sides of the volute water receiving portion 22 are separated from the inner peripheral wall of the volute body 21, and the volute water receiving portion 22 is now The top part is embedded in the volute body 21 to be close to the bottom of the impeller.
  • the range hood 100 in the preferred embodiment further includes a lifting mechanism for connecting the volute water receiving portion 22, and the lifting mechanism can drive the volute water receiving portion 22 to move up and down.
  • the lifting mechanism may include a vertical guide rail 74 and a lifting carriage 73 capable of sliding along the vertical guide rail 74.
  • the vertical guide rail 74 and the volute body 21 are both fixed (for example, both can be fixed on the casing of the range hood 100), and the lifting carriage 73 is fixedly connected to the volute water receiving portion 22.
  • the lifting carriage 73 Under the action of the lifting driving mechanism in the lifting mechanism, the lifting carriage 73 can move up and down together with the volute water receiving portion 22.
  • the lifting mechanism or the lifting driving mechanism may be provided in a variety of different structures.
  • the lifting driving mechanism may be preferably a push rod motor 75 or the like.
  • a water receiving portion support base 23 for supporting may be provided at the bottom of the volute water receiving portion 22, and the lifting carriage 73 is fixedly connected to the water receiving portion at this time. On the support seat 23. When the lifting carriage 73 slides up and down along the vertical guide rail 74, the water receiving part support base 23 can play a better supporting and supporting role for the volute water receiving part 22.
  • the volute water receiving portion 22 when the range hood 100 is in a fan cleaning state, the volute water receiving portion 22 needs to be temporarily used for containing the cleaning liquid. Therefore, the bottom wall and the side wall of the volute water receiving portion 22 need to have better sealing performance. Prevent leakage. For this reason, the volute water receiving portion 22 may be preferably provided as an integrally molded plastic part with both the bottom wall and the peripheral wall sealed. In the normal working state of the range hood 100, the oil fume air flowing from the external environment into the volute cavity will cause a strong impact on the volute body 21, so the volute body 21 is preferably formed by splicing metal plates. The stiffness and strength are improved, thereby ensuring the reliability of the range hood 100.
  • a drain opening with an on-off control valve can be provided at the bottom of the volute water receiving portion 22, and a hose is connected to the drain opening to discharge the cleaning liquid 48 to the oil located below the volute water receiving portion 22.
  • the cleaning liquid 48 in the volute water receiving portion 22 may also be directly discharged to an external sewage pipe through a specific pipeline.
  • a cavity filling member is provided in the bottom cavity 24 of the volute of the range hood 100.
  • the cavity filling member can adjust the volume according to the working state of the range hood 100, that is, it can reduce the volume under the normal working state of the range hood 100 or increase the volume under the cleaning state of the range hood 100.
  • the volute bottom cavity 24 is formed as a variable cavity.
  • the space in the bottom cavity 24 of the volute that can hold the cleaning liquid 48 becomes smaller, and the cleaning liquid 48 must reach the expected liquid level. Height, you only need to inject a smaller amount of cleaning solution 48, thereby greatly reducing the amount of water used in the cleaning process.
  • the cavity filling member may be provided as an expandable element.
  • the expandable element refers to an element that can shrink under the normal working state of the range hood 100 or expand under the fan cleaning state of the range hood 100.
  • the shrinkage or expansion process can be achieved only by relying on its own physical or chemical properties. , Can also rely on cooperation with other structures or devices to achieve synergy.
  • the expandable element in this preferred embodiment can have a variety of different structures or combinations.
  • the inflatable element may be preferably provided as an airbag 51 with an inflator.
  • the airbag 51 In the normal operating state of the range hood 100, the airbag 51 is in a contracted state. However, in the fan cleaning state of the range hood 100, the airbag 51 is in an inflated state.
  • the expandable element may be provided as a foam.
  • the foam when the fan of the range hood 100 is cleaned, the foam will be in an expanded state when it encounters water, thereby increasing its volume. In the normal working state of the range hood 100, other structures or devices may be needed to restore the expanded body to the contracted state.
  • the cavity filling member may also be provided as a telescopic moving member 52 capable of contracting and expanding in the cavity 24 at the bottom of the volute.
  • the telescopic moving member 52 can be extended upward into the volute bottom cavity 24 in the extended state or can be contracted to the bottom of the volute in the contracted state. It can be seen that the filling volume of the telescopic moving member 52 in the extended state is larger than that in the contracted state, so that the volume cavity 24 at the bottom of the volute is formed as a variable volume cavity.
  • the contraction or extension of the telescopic moving member 52 in this preferred embodiment needs to be controlled by other structures or devices.
  • the contraction or extension of the telescopic movable member 52 may be triggered by a mechanical structure, or an electronic sensor may be provided in the telescopic movable member 52 to trigger the contraction or extension thereof inductively.
  • the range hood 100 includes a centrifugal fan, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 18.
  • the centrifugal fan includes a volute 2 and an impeller 3 located in a volute cavity.
  • the volute 2 is A volute of the horizontal type is provided with a volute air outlet 26 at the top, and a check valve may be provided in the volute air outlet 26.
  • the above-mentioned horizontal volute refers specifically to a volute whose central axis of the air outlet of the volute air outlet 26 extends horizontally and horizontally, and the horizontal and horizontal extension direction is generally horizontal and lateral, that is, between the central axis of the air outlet and the horizontal line. There is a certain angle.
  • the horizontal angle between the central axis of the air outlet and the horizontal line may be preferably set to not greater than 30 ° to ensure that the central axis of the air outlet is substantially transverse.
  • the vertical volute in the following refers specifically to a volute in which the central axis of the air outlet of the volute air outlet 26 extends in a vertical direction, and the vertical direction is a substantially vertical direction, that is, the central axis of the air outlet and the vertical A certain angle is allowed between the lines.
  • the volute 2 described above may be fixedly installed or may be provided as a rotatable body.
  • the volute 2 when it is provided as a rotatable body, it can be rotated in the normal working state of the range hood 100 to form a vertical volute as shown in FIG. 17 or can be in a fan cleaning state of the range hood 100 The lower rotation is formed into a horizontal type volute as shown in FIG. 18.
  • the volute 2 is provided as a fixed body or a rotatable body, the volute 2 is formed as a horizontal type volute in a fan cleaning state.
  • the volume of the volute bottom cavity 24 between the bottom of the volute of the range hood 100 and the bottom of the impeller when the volute is horizontal is smaller than the volume when the volute is vertical.
  • the amount of cleaning liquid in the volute bottom cavity 24 of the horizontal volute is relatively large. Fewer vertical volutes save water used by the fan during cleaning.
  • the outer profile of the volute 2 (ie, the outer contour line) may be set as an involute.
  • the fan in the preferred embodiment is a centrifugal fan
  • the rotation center of the volute 2 and the rotation center of the impeller 3 are eccentrically disposed. Therefore, in the development direction along this involute, the radial distance between each point on the involute and the base circle of the involute gradually increases.
  • the involute curve includes the start point of the involute with the smallest radial distance from the base circle and the end point of the involute with the largest radial distance from the base circle.
  • the involute start point and the end point of the involute line are respectively located at the volute air outlet. 26 on both side walls. Further, the length between the start point of the involute and the outer end surface of the volute air outlet 26 is smaller than the length between the end point of the involute and the outer end surface of the volute air outlet 26.
  • the volume of the bottom volute 24 of the volute of the horizontal volute is smaller than that of the bottom volute 24 of the volute of the vertical volute. It can be seen that the range hood 100 using the horizontal volute can save more water for cleaning.
  • the above-mentioned involute base circle may be preferably set as a circular contour line corresponding to the volute air inlet 25 at the end surface of the volute 2.
  • An air inlet ring 251 is provided on the periphery of the volute air inlet 25, so it is more preferable that the circular contour line substantially coincides with the contour line of the air inlet ring 251.
  • the fan cleaning system of the range hood 100 includes a water supply pipe 41 and a return water pipe 42.
  • the upstream end of the water supply pipe 41 can be connected to a water pipe and the downstream end to a cleaning nozzle 47.
  • the cleaning nozzle 47 extends into the volute 2 of the fan to spray the cleaning liquid 48.
  • the top of the return pipe 42 communicates with the bottom of the volute 2
  • the cavity 24 and the bottom end can be connected to an external sewage pipe.
  • the user By connecting the water supply pipe 41 to the tap water pipe and the return water pipe 42 to the external sewage pipe, the user does not need to prepare his own water tank and need not configure the cleaning liquid 48 by himself during the cleaning process of the range hood 100, and the workload is greatly reduced.
  • the cleaning efficiency of the machine 100 is also greatly improved, thereby effectively improving the user experience.
  • the fan cleaning system may include a water supply control valve 43 provided at an upstream end of the water supply pipe 41 and a water return control valve 44 provided in the water return pipe 42. At this time, the opening or closing of the water supply control valve or the return water control valve 44 can be controlled to control the flow of washing water into or out of the range hood, thereby increasing the degree of automation during the range hood 100 cleaning.
  • the feed water control valve 43 may be provided as an electromagnetic flow valve and the return water control valve 44 may be provided as an electromagnetic on-off valve.
  • setting the water supply control valve 43 as an electromagnetic flow valve can reasonably control the amount of water used in the cleaning process
  • setting the return water control valve 44 as an electromagnetic on-off valve can meet the needs of the range hood 100 in different cleaning stages. For example, in the initial stage of cleaning, a large amount of cleaning liquid 48 needs to be contained in the bottom cavity of the volute 24. At this time, the return water control valve 44 should be closed to prevent the cleaning liquid 48 from being discharged. After the cleaning is completed, it can be opened. The return water control valve 44 discharges all the cleaning liquid 48 out of the machine.
  • the water supply pipe 41 may be provided with a washing liquid adding device 45 located downstream of the water supply control valve 43.
  • the cleaning liquid adding device 45 includes a cleaning liquid container for storing a cleaning solvent, and an addition control valve provided at an outlet of the cleaning liquid container. In the open state of the addition control valve, the washing liquid container can release the washing solvent to the water supply pipe 41 to be formulated as the washing liquid 48 with the tap water in the water supply pipe 41.
  • the adding control valve can be set as an electromagnetic flow valve.
  • the cleaning liquid 48 with a suitable concentration can be adjusted according to the degree of pollution in the cavity to ensure the range hood. Cleaning effect.
  • the water supply pipe 41 may further be provided with a heating device 46 located downstream of the cleaning liquid adding device 45.
  • the heating device 46 is used to heat the cleaning liquid 48 into a high-temperature liquid cleaning liquid or a high-temperature gaseous cleaning liquid.
  • the cleaning liquid 48 has better decontamination ability and can further improve the cleaning of the range hood effectiveness.
  • the heating device 46 may be provided upstream of the cleaning liquid adding device 45. At this time, the heating device 46 can heat the tap water to a certain temperature before mixing with the cleaning liquid 48.
  • an oil return pipe can also be provided in the oil box 8 of the range hood 100, and the oil return pipe can be connected to the water return pipe 42, that is, the oil in the oil box and the cleaning liquid 48 in the bottom cavity 24 of the volute can pass through the return
  • the water pipe 42 is discharged to the external sewage pipe, so that the user does not need to clean the oil box by himself, thereby effectively improving his use experience.
  • the end surface of the volute 2 of the volute 2 is provided with a volute air inlet 25, the periphery of the volute 25 is provided with an air inlet ring 251, and the impeller 3 includes a bottom portion Lowest position of the lowest bottom blade 31. As shown in FIG.
  • the liquid level of the cleaning liquid 48 injected into the bottom cavity 24 of the volute by the fan cleaning system is preferably set not lower than the upper edge of the blade of the lowest bottom blade 31, and is preferably set It is not higher than the bottom end of the air inlet ring 251, so as to ensure that the cleaning liquid 48 can sufficiently soak the lowest bottom blade 31, to prevent the cleaning liquid 48 from flowing out of the volute 2 through the volute air inlet 25 and affecting the volute of the volute .
  • a water-tight storage box 9 with a tightness can be set on the bottom of the volute, and the water storage cavity of the water storage box 9 and the bottom-volume volute 24 of the volute
  • the bottom of the water storage box 9 is provided with a bottom end opening with a switch control valve, and the bottom end opening is connected to a hose protruding downward toward the oil tank 8. It can be seen that, because the water storage box 9 has better sealing performance, it is not necessary to perform a sealing treatment on the volute 2 when processing the volute 2, thereby simplifying the processing of the volute 2 and being beneficial to improving the production efficiency of the range hood 100.
  • the fan cleaning system of the range hood 100 is provided with a built-in water tank 49 built into the machine cavity.
  • the user does not need to bring his own water tank and the cleaning liquid 48 during the cleaning process of the range hood 100, which can reduce the workload required during the cleaning process, and is beneficial to increasing the degree of automation of the range hood cleaning. , Thereby reducing the workload of the user and improving the cleaning efficiency of the range hood.
  • the arrangement of the built-in water tank 49 can make the structural integration of the range hood 100 higher, thereby making installation and use more convenient.
  • the built-in water tank 49 is preferably fixedly mounted on the rear panel of the machine case.
  • a water injection port 13 for draining to the built-in water tank 49 may be provided on the casing of the range hood 100.
  • the user can use the water injection port 13 to connect the built-in water tank 49 to add water.
  • the water injection port 13 may be provided on the front panel 11 or the side panel 12 of the cabinet according to the user's usage habits or the installation position of the range hood 100, or multiple front panel 11 and side panel 12 may be provided at the same time.
  • a water injection port 13 may be provided on the front panel 11 or the side panel 12 of the cabinet according to the user's usage habits or the installation position of the range hood 100, or multiple front panel 11 and side panel 12 may be provided at the same time.
  • a water introduction box bracket 14 is preferably provided in the water injection port 13, and a water introduction box 15 capable of extending out of the casing is provided on the water introduction box bracket 14.
  • the user may first extend the water introduction box 15 out of the casing, and then directly add water into the water introduction box 15, and the water introduction box 15 can further drain water into the built-in water tank 49. It can be seen that the water introduction box 15 can accurately drain the makeup water into the built-in water tank 49, thereby preventing the makeup water from overflowing into other components in the machine cavity, and effectively preventing short-circuit faults and the like.
  • the built-in water tank 49 may be set as a closed water tank.
  • the closed water tank is provided with a water tank inlet 491, a water tank outlet and a water tank return.
  • the water introduction hose 15 may be connected to the water introduction box 15.
  • the water outlet hose can extend through the water tank inlet 491 into the built-in water tank 49, thereby accurately draining the makeup water in the water introduction box 15 to the built-in water tank 49.
  • the upstream end of the water supply pipe 41 in the fan cleaning system is connected to the water tank outlet, the downstream end is connected to the cleaning nozzle 47 that extends into the volute of the fan, and the upstream end of the return pipe 42 can be connected to the bottom of the volute. Cavity, the downstream end can be connected to the water tank return. Due to the built-in water tank 49, the fan cleaning system can form a complete washing water path in the machine cavity of the range hood 100, save the user's operation, improve the degree of automation of the range hood cleaning, and make the structure of the range hood 100 More compact.
  • the water introduction box 15 may be an extendable box body having a different structure, such as a manual pull-type box body, an electronically controlled mobile box body, or a spring-loaded box body.
  • the water introduction box bracket 14 and the water introduction box 15 can be connected through the elephant trunk lock 16, at this time, the water introduction box 15 is formed as a spring-loaded box body, and the user can directly press the water introduction box 15 to make it pop out or reset.
  • a control button may also be provided at another position of the cabinet. When the user presses or touches the control button, the water introduction box 15 can be automatically ejected or reset.
  • a sensor may be provided in the range hood 100, and the user may control the pop-up box 15 to be ejected or reset by remote control or the like.
  • a limit stop 17 can be provided on one of the peripheral casing parts of the water guide box bracket 14 and the water port 13, and the limit stop 17 can form a snap connection with the water guide box 15 to effectively prevent The water introduction box 15 is completely detached from the casing, which prevents the water overflow of the water introduction box 15 when it is detached from the casing, thereby improving the reliability of the water introduction box 15.
  • the peripheral casing portion of the water tank holder 14 and the water port 13 may be simultaneously provided with a limit stop 17.
  • the range hood 100 cannot perform normal cleaning.
  • the built-in water tank 49 is in an overflow state, other components in the machine cavity will be affected.
  • the user cannot directly observe the water level in the built-in water tank 49, so whether the built-in water tank 49 is in a state of water shortage or overflow, the user cannot make an accurate judgment, which is prone to the above-mentioned adverse effects.
  • a water level detection device and a water level reminder are proposed.
  • the water level detection device is used to detect the water level in the built-in water tank 49 and output a water level signal.
  • the water level reminder is electrically connected to the water level detection device and can send a water level reminder after receiving the water level height signal.
  • the water level reminder may include a plurality of different reminder modes, such as displaying a reminder on the control panel of the range hood 100 or broadcasting a reminder through voice.
  • the range hood 100 has a function to promptly remind the user when the built-in water tank is lacking or overflowing, so that the user can perform reasonable operations according to the reminder, thereby ensuring fan cleaning
  • the system can operate reliably and effectively avoid adverse effects on other components in the machine cavity.
  • the water level detection device includes an electrode type water level detection device.
  • a low water level probe 61 may be provided in the electrode type water level detection device.
  • the low water level probe 61 is configured to generate a low water level signal when the height of the water level in the built-in water tank 49 is lower than a preset minimum water level.
  • the water level reminding device is set to issue a water supplement reminder when receiving the low water level signal.
  • the above-mentioned preset minimum water level refers to a water level height that can ensure at least the amount of water required for the range hood 100 to complete a complete cleaning operation. Therefore, when the water level in the built-in water tank 49 is lower than the preset minimum water level, it means that the built-in water tank 49 is in a state of water shortage. At this time, the fan cleaning system cannot work normally, and the built-in water tank 49 needs to be replenished immediately.
  • a high water level probe 62 may be provided in the electrode type water level detection device.
  • the high water level probe 62 is configured to generate a high water level signal when the water level in the built-in water tank 49 is higher than a preset maximum water level, and the water level reminding device is configured to issue an overflow reminder when receiving the high water level signal. It can be seen that when the water level in the built-in water tank 49 is too high, the water level reminding device can prompt the user to stop replenishing the water in time, thereby avoiding the situation that the water tank overflows.
  • the high-water level probe 62 and the low-water level probe 61 may be suspended from the top wall of the built-in water tank 49. Because the height of the water level to be detected is different, the bottom end of the low water level probe 61 is lower than the bottom end of the high water level probe 62 at this time.
  • the electrode-type water level detection device is an electronic component, there is a risk of circuit failure and failure in a long-term wet working environment. When the electrode type water level detection device fails, it is difficult for the fan cleaning system to operate reliably.
  • the water level detection device may further include a mechanical overflow detection device.
  • the mechanical overflow detection device only works in cooperation with the mechanical structure, so it will not malfunction or fail due to being in a humid environment for a long time. It can be used in conjunction with the electrode type water level detection device to form a double-safety water level detection device to further improve oil absorption. The reliability of the hood 100.
  • an overflow prevention float assembly 63 is provided in the mechanical overflow detection device.
  • the floating block in the anti-overflow floating block assembly 63 can be raised to close the water tank inlet 491 of the built-in water tank 49 when the water level in the built-in water tank 49 reaches the overflow height.
  • the overflow height is higher than the aforementioned preset maximum water level.
  • the anti-overflow floating block assembly 63 may be hinged on the inner peripheral wall of the built-in water tank 49.
  • the floating block in the anti-overflow floating block assembly 63 can be rotated and raised based on the hinge point to block the water tank inlet 491.
  • an overflow pipe 492 can be connected to the top of the built-in water tank 49.
  • excess water can be discharged through the overflow pipe 492.
  • the bottom of the overflow pipe 492 can be drained. The end is connected to the oil box 8 of the range hood 100.

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Abstract

一种吸油烟机(100)，包括蜗壳(2)、叶轮(3)和风机清洗系统，蜗壳(2)的蜗壳底部与叶轮(3)的叶轮底部之间的蜗壳底部容腔(24)形成为容积可变的可变容腔，该可变容腔能够在工作状态容腔和清洗状态容腔之间切换，吸油烟机(100)处于风机清洗状态时的清洗状态容腔小于吸油烟机(100)处于正常工作状态时的工作状态容腔，风机清洗系统在风机清洗状态下向蜗壳底部容腔(24)注入清洗液(48)。该吸油烟机(100)通过将蜗壳底部容腔(24)设置为能够根据不同的工作状态调节容积大小的可变容腔，减少在清洗过程中的耗水量，降低吸油烟机(100)的清洗成本，并减少用户在准备清洗用水时的工作量。

Description

吸油烟机 技术领域
本发明涉及家用电器技术领域，具体地，涉及一种吸油烟机。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高，大多数家庭的厨房中都配有吸油烟机，吸油烟机能够将烹饪过程中产生的油烟快速排出屋外，以此保证屋内空气环境的清洁。但随着使用次数的增多，吸油烟机中难免会积聚大量的油污(尤其是叶轮等部件)，若没有及时对吸油烟机进行清洗，其工作效率会大大降低，并且会存在一定的安全隐患，难以保证用户的使用体验。
为此，现有的吸油烟机中大多设有用于对叶轮等风机部件进行自动清洗的风机清洗系统。例如，在一些吸油烟机中，风机清洗系统会在清洗状态下向蜗壳底部容腔注入清洗液，该注入后的清洗液能够不断洗刷处于旋转状态下的叶轮，从而实现对叶轮的高效清洗。
但上述的清洗过程需要大量的清洗液，即耗水量也相对较大，会在一定程度上增加清洗成本。此外，现有的吸油烟机在清洗时的用水通常需要用户自备盛水容器储存，当清洗过程中的耗水量较大时，会增加了用户的工作量。
发明内容
针对现有技术的上述缺陷或不足，本发明提供了一种吸油烟机，能够大大减少吸油烟机在清洗过程中的耗水量，从而降低吸油烟机的清洗成本以及减轻用户在清洗过程中的工作负担。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种吸油烟机，包括蜗壳、叶轮和风机清洗系统，所述蜗壳的蜗壳底部与所述叶轮的叶轮底部之间的蜗壳底部容腔形成为容积可变的可变容腔，该可变容腔能够在工作状态容腔和清洗状态容腔之间切换，所述吸油烟机处于风机清洗状态时的所述清洗状态容腔小于所述吸油烟机处于正常工作状态时的所述工作状态容腔，所述风机清洗系统在所述风机清洗状态下向所述蜗壳底部容腔注入清洗液。
在一种实施方式中，所述吸油烟机包括用于驱动所述蜗壳底部与所述叶轮底部相对移动的升降机构，在所述正常工作状态下，所述升降机构驱动所述蜗壳底部与所述叶轮底部相互远离，在所述风机清洗状态下，所述升降机构驱动所述蜗壳底部与所述叶轮底部相互靠近。
优选地，所述吸油烟机包括叶轮电机，所述叶轮电机同轴安装在所述叶轮的后端以驱动所述叶轮旋转，所述蜗壳和所述叶轮电机中的其中一者为固定部件，另一者为移动部件，所述升降机构连接并驱动所述移动部件相对于所述固定部件移动。
优选地，所述升降机构设置在所述蜗壳的后方。
优选地，所述升降机构为滑架升降机构并包括竖向固定滑轨以及与所述移动部件固定连接的移动滑架，所述竖向固定滑轨和所述固定部件均固定设置，所述移动滑架能够沿所述竖向固定滑轨滑移。
优选地，所述叶轮电机的后端设有电机固定架，所述电机固定架包括环箍部和从所述环箍部沿径向伸出且沿周向间隔分布的多个连接耳部，所述叶轮电机固定套装于所述环箍部内，所述移动滑架与多个所述连接耳部形成多点连接。
优选地，所述竖向固定滑轨包括左竖向固定滑轨和右竖向固定滑轨，所述蜗壳的后端两侧分 别设有左耳铰安装部和右耳铰安装部，所述移动滑架为沿中心发散的三角支架并包括左支架杆、右支架杆和竖向支架杆，所述左支架杆和右支架杆分别设有与所述左竖向固定滑轨滑动配合的左滑块和与所述右竖向固定滑轨滑动配合的右滑块，所述左支架杆和右支架杆的末端分别与所述左耳铰安装部和右耳铰安装部固定连接，所述竖向支架杆上设有用于驱动所述移动滑架相对于所述竖向固定滑轨竖向滑移的升降驱动机构。
优选地，所述升降驱动机构为电机驱动的丝杆螺母机构，所述竖向支架杆连接于所述丝杆螺母机构的移动螺母上。
优选地，所述叶轮电机为双转子电机，所述叶轮电机的后转轴驱动所述移动滑架沿所述竖向固定滑轨滑移。
优选地，所述移动滑架在所述竖向固定滑轨上的滑移行程小于所述叶轮的外径与所述蜗壳腔的内径之间的半径差。
在一种实施方式中，所述蜗壳为分体式结构并包括上部的蜗壳本体和下部的蜗壳接水部，所述蜗壳接水部能够相对所述蜗壳本体升降移动。
优选地，所述蜗壳接水部能够在升降低点与升降高点之间升降移动，在所述升降低点，所述蜗壳接水部与所述蜗壳本体拼接成完整的环状蜗壳。
优选地，在所述升降低点，所述蜗壳接水部的两侧外壁分别抵接所述蜗壳本体的内周壁。
优选地，所述升降机构用于连接并驱动所述蜗壳接水部升降移动。
优选地，所述升降机构包括竖向导轨以及能够沿所述竖向导轨滑移的升降滑架，所述竖向导轨和所述蜗壳本体均固定设置，所述升降滑架与所述蜗壳接水部固定连接。
优选地，所述蜗壳接水部的底部设有接水部支撑座，所述升降滑架固定连接于所述接水部支撑座上。
优选地，所述蜗壳接水部为底部密封的一体成型塑料件，所述蜗壳本体为金属板拼接件。
优选地，所述蜗壳接水部的底部设有带开关控制阀的排污开口，所述吸油烟机包括位于所述蜗壳接水部的下方的油盒，所述排污开口连接有朝向所述油盒向下伸出的软管。
在一种实施方式中，所述蜗壳底部容腔中设有填充体积可变的容腔填充件。
优选地，所述容腔填充件为可膨胀元件。
优选地，所述可膨胀元件为带有充气装置的气囊。
优选地，所述可膨胀元件为遇水膨胀的发泡体。
优选地，所述容腔填充件为能够在所述蜗壳底部容腔中收缩和伸展的伸缩移动件，所述伸缩移动件在伸展状态下的填充体积大于所述伸缩移动件在收缩状态下的填充体积。
优选地，所述容腔填充件在所述正常工作状态下的填充体积小于在所述风机清洗状态下的填充体积。
在一种实施方式中，所述蜗壳沿横向摆置，所述蜗壳包括位于顶部的蜗壳出风口，所述蜗壳出风口的出风口中心轴线沿水平横向延伸。
优选地，所述出风口中心轴线与水平线的水平夹角不大于30°。
优选地，所述蜗壳出风口设有止回阀。
优选地，所述蜗壳的外部型线为渐开线。
优选地，在沿所述渐开线的展开方向，所述渐开线上的各点与所述渐开线的基圆之间的径向间距逐渐增大，所述渐开线包括与所述基圆的径向间距最小的渐开线始点和与所述基圆的径向间距 最大的渐开线终点，所述渐开线始点和所述渐开线终点位于所述蜗壳出风口的两侧侧壁上。
优选地，所述渐开线始点与所述蜗壳出风口的外端面之间的长度小于所述渐开线终点与所述蜗壳出风口的外端面之间的长度。
优选地，所述基圆为位于所述蜗壳的端面的蜗壳进风口的圆形轮廓线。
优选地，所述吸油烟机包括套装于所述蜗壳底部的蓄水盒，所述蜗壳底部容腔与所述蓄水盒的蓄水腔连通。
优选地，所述蓄水盒的底部设有带开关控制阀的底端开口，所述吸油烟机还包括位于所述蜗壳下方的油盒，所述底端开口连接有朝向所述油盒向下伸出的软管。
优选地，所述叶轮包括处于底部最低位置的最低底部叶片，所述风机清洗系统在所述风机清洗状态下向所述蜗壳底部容腔注入清洗液时，使得所述蜗壳底部容腔中的液位高度不低于所述最低底部叶片的叶片上沿。
优选地，所述蜗壳的蜗壳端面设有蜗壳进风口，所述蜗壳进风口的周沿设有进风圈，在所述风机清洗状态下，所述蜗壳底部容腔中的液位高度不高于所述进风圈的最底端。
优选地，所述风机清洗系统包括给水管和回水管，所述给水管的上游端连接自来水管且下游端连接清洗喷管，所述清洗喷管伸入所述蜗壳内，所述回水管的顶端连通所述蜗壳底部容腔且底端连接至外部排污管。
优选地，所述风机清洗系统包括设置在所述给水管的上游端的给水控制阀和设置在所述回水管中的回水控制阀。
优选地，所述给水控制阀为电磁流量阀，所述回水控制阀为电磁开关阀。
优选地，所述给水管中设有位于所述给水控制阀的下游的清洗液添加装置，所述清洗液添加装置包括用于存放清洗溶剂的清洗液容器和设置在所述清洗液容器的出口处的添加控制阀，所述添加控制阀在打开状态下向所述给水管释放所述清洗溶剂以配制成所述清洗液。
优选地，所述添加控制阀为电磁流量阀。
优选地，所述给水管中设有位于所述清洗液添加装置的下游的加热装置，所述加热装置用于将所述清洗液加热成高温液态清洗液或高温气态清洗液。
优选地，所述油盒连接有回油管，所述回油管连接所述回水管。
优选地，所述风机清洗系统包括内置于所述吸油烟机的机腔中的内置水箱。
优选地，所述吸油烟机的机壳包括后面板，所述内置水箱固定安装于所述后面板上。
优选地，所述机壳上设有注水口，所述注水口引流至所述内置水箱。
优选地，所述机壳包括前面板和侧面板，所述注水口设置于所述前面板和/或侧面板上。
优选地，所述注水口安装有引水盒支架，所述引水盒支架上设有能够伸出的引水盒。
优选地，所述内置水箱为设有水箱进水口、水箱出水口和水箱回水口的闭合水箱，所述引水盒连接有出水软管，所述出水软管穿过所述水箱进水口伸入所述内置水箱中。
优选地，所述引水盒为手动抽拉式盒体、电控式移动盒体或弹压式盒体。
优选地，所述引水盒支架与所述引水盒之间通过象鼻锁连接。
优选地，所述引水盒支架和/或所述注水口的周缘机壳部设有用于防止所述引水盒脱离的限位止挡块。
优选地，所述给水管的两端分别连接所述内置水箱和所述清洗喷管，所述回水管的两端分别连接所述蜗壳底部容腔和所述内置水箱。
优选地，所述吸油烟机包括水位检测装置，所述水位检测装置用于检测所述内置水箱中的水位高度并输出水位高度信号；所述吸油烟机还包括水位提醒装置，所述水位提醒装置电连接所述水位检测装置并在接收所述水位高度信号后发出水位提醒。
优选地，所述水位检测装置包括设有低水位探针的电极式水位检测装置，所述低水位探针设置为当所述内置水箱中的水位高度低于预设最低水位时产生低水位信号，所述水位提醒装置设置为在接收所述低水位信号时发出补水提醒。
优选地，所述电极式水位检测装置还设有高水位探针，所述高水位探针设置为当所述内置水箱中的水位高度高于预设最高水位时产生高水位信号，所述水位提醒装置设置为在接收所述高水位信号时发出溢水提醒。
优选地，所述高水位探针和低水位探针悬挂于所述内置水箱的顶壁，所述低水位探针的底端低于所述高水位探针的底端。
优选地，所述水位检测装置包括设有防溢水浮块组件的机械式溢流检测装置，所述防溢水浮块组件设置为当所述内置水箱中的水位高度达到溢出高度时封闭所述水箱进水口。
优选地，所述防溢水浮块组件铰接于所述内置水箱的内周壁上。
优选地，所述内置水箱的顶部连接有溢流管，该溢流管的底端连接至所述油盒。
本发明的吸油烟机中的蜗壳底部容腔的容积大小能够根据工作状态的变化而调节，即能够在正常工作状态下切换为容积较大的工作状态容腔或在风机清洗状态下切换为容积较小的清洗状态容腔。因此，在风机清洗状态下，当本发明的吸油烟机与现有的吸油烟机的蜗壳底部容腔中的液位高度相同时，本发明的吸油烟机的蜗壳底部容腔中所需注入的清洗液量更少，从而节省了在清洗过程中的耗水量，即降低了吸油烟机的清洗成本和减轻了用户在准备清洗用水时的工作负担。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1为本发明的具体实施方式中设有可变容腔的吸油烟机的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的具体实施方式中设有可升降叶轮或可升降蜗壳的风机在正常工作状态下的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的具体实施方式中设有可升降叶轮的风机在风机清洗状态下的结构示意图；
图4为图3中的风机的立体图；
图5为图4中的风机的结构爆炸图；
图6为本发明的具体实施方式中设有可升降蜗壳的风机在风机清洗状态下的结构示意图；
图7为图6中的风机的立体图；
图8为图7中的风机的结构爆炸图；
图9为本发明的具体实施方式中设有分体式蜗壳的吸油烟机的前视立体图；
图10为图9中的吸油烟机的后视立体图；
图11为图9中的吸油烟机的升降机构和蜗壳接水部的结构示意图；
图12为本发明的具体实施方式中设有气囊的风机在正常工作状态下的结构示意图；
图13为图12中的风机在风机清洗状态下的结构示意图；
图14为本发明的具体实施方式中设有伸缩移动件的风机在正常工作状态下的结构示意图；
图15为图14中的风机在风机清洗状态下的结构示意图；
图16为本发明的具体实施方式中设有横置式蜗壳的吸油烟机的前视图；
图17为现有的设有纵置式蜗壳的风机的结构示意图；
图18为图16中的吸油烟机的横置式蜗壳的结构示意图；
图19为本发明的具体实施方式中设有蓄水盒的吸油烟机的前视图；
图20为本发明的具体实施方式中设有内置水箱的吸油烟机的结构爆炸图；
图21为图20中的吸油烟机的侧面板上设有注水口时的立体图；
图22为图20中的吸油烟机的前面板上设有注水口时的立体图；
图23为图20中的吸油烟机的内置水箱的剖视图；
图24为图23中的内置水箱的结构爆炸图；
图25为图24中的内置水箱的局部放大示意图A-A；以及
图26为本发明的具体实施方式中设有水位检测装置的内置水箱的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
100           吸油烟机
11            前面板                 12             侧面板
13            注水口                 14             引水盒支架
15            引水盒                 16             象鼻锁
17            限位止挡块
2             蜗壳
21            蜗壳本体               22             蜗壳接水部
23            接水部支撑座           24             蜗壳底部容腔
25            蜗壳进风口             26             蜗壳出风口
27            左耳铰安装部           28             右耳铰安装部
251           进风圈
3             叶轮
31            最低底部叶片           32             叶轮电机
33            电机固定架
331           环箍部                 332            连接耳部
41            给水管                 42             回水管
43            给水控制阀             44             回水控制阀
45            清洗液添加装置         46             加热装置
47            清洗喷管               48             清洗液
49            内置水箱
491           水箱进水口             492            溢流管
51            气囊                   52             伸缩移动件
61            低水位探针             62             高水位探针
63            防溢水浮块组件
71            移动滑架               72             竖向固定滑轨
73            升降滑架               74             竖向导轨
75            推杆电机
711           左支架杆               712            右支架杆
713           竖向支架杆             714            左滑块
715           右滑块                 721            左竖向固定滑轨
722           右竖向固定滑轨
8             油盒
9             蓄水盒
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在本发明中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“上、下、顶、底”通常是针对附图所示的方向而言的或者是针对竖直、垂直或重力方向上而言的各部件相互位置关系描述用词。
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
本发明提供了一种吸油烟机100，如图1至图26所示，该吸油烟机100包括设有蜗壳2和叶轮3的风机以及用于清洗风机的风机清洗系统。其中，叶轮3位于蜗壳2的蜗壳腔中，蜗壳2的蜗壳底部与叶轮3的叶轮底部之间的蜗壳底部容腔24形成为能够根据工作状态的不同而调节容积大小的可变容腔。吸油烟机100包括正常工作状态和风机清洗状态，当吸油烟机100处于正常工作状态时，蜗壳底部容腔24形成为容积较大的工作状态容腔，当吸油烟机100处于风机清洗状态时，蜗壳底部容腔24形成为容积小于工作状态容腔的清洗状态容腔，并且蜗壳底部容腔24能够在该工作状态容腔和清洗状态容腔之间适时切换。此外，在风机清洗状态下，吸油烟机100中的风机清洗系统能够向蜗壳底部容腔24中注入清洗液48，此时叶轮3处于旋转状态且叶轮底部部分浸没在清洗液48中，即清洗液48能够在浸泡叶轮底部的同时不断对其进行洗刷，从而有效去除积聚于叶轮3中的油污。
可见，本发明的吸油烟机100通过将蜗壳底部容腔24设置为容积可变的可变容腔，使得蜗壳底部容腔24在风机清洗状态下能够具有更小的容积，在本发明的吸油烟机100与现有的吸油烟机的蜗壳底部容腔中的液位高度相同的前提下，本发明的吸油烟机100的蜗壳底部容腔24中所需注入的清洗液量更少。换言之，在能够确保清洗液48对叶轮底部进行浸泡和洗刷的前提下，本发明的吸油烟机100所需的用水量更少。因此，本发明的吸油烟机100具有清洗成本低的优点。此外，在本发明的吸油烟机100的一些实施方式中，用户可能需要自备用于存放清洗用水的盛水容器，在清洗用水量较少的情况下，用户无须搬拿较重的盛水容器或对盛水容器进行多次的加水，即能够确保吸油烟机的清洗效果。可见，将蜗壳底部容腔24设置为可变容腔还能在一定程度上减轻用户的工作负担，从而改善其使用体验。
需要说明的是，本发明中的油烟机100可通过设置多种不同的结构或方法以实现蜗壳底部容腔24的容积可变，下文中将列举若干种优选实施方式以解释说明如何将蜗壳底部容腔24形成为可变容腔。但应当理解的是，下文列举的多种优选实施方式仅用于对本发明的构想进行解释说明以及 补充支持，而不应理解为是对将蜗壳底部容腔24形成为可变容腔的其他结构或方法的限制。换言之，其他能够将蜗壳底部容腔24形成为可变容腔的结构或方法均应属于本发明的考虑范围内，但由于篇幅有限，下文中不作一一描述。
在一种优选实施方式中，如图2至图8所示，吸油烟机100中设有用于驱动蜗壳2与叶轮3相对移动的升降机构。其中，在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下，该升降机构能够驱动蜗壳底部与叶轮底部相互靠近，此时蜗壳底部容腔24的容积变小以形成为上述的清洗状态容腔。与现有的吸油烟机相比，此时所需注入吸油烟机100的蜗壳底部容腔24中的清洗液量更少，有效地降低了生产成本和减少了用户的工作量。在完成对吸油烟机100的清洗后，该升降机构能够驱动蜗壳底部与叶轮底部相互远离，使蜗壳底部容腔24重新形成为具有较大容积的工作状态容腔，以准备吸油烟机100的下次正常工作。
具体地，吸油烟机100的风机中还包括叶轮电机32，叶轮3的前端为进风端，因此叶轮电机32同轴安装于叶轮3的后端以驱动其旋转。基于上述的优选实施方式，为使蜗壳2与叶轮3之间能够相对移动，可将蜗壳2和叶轮电机32中的其中一者设置为固定部件，另一者设置为移动部件，并将升降机构连接于移动部件上以驱使该移动部件相对于固定部件移动。或者，也可将蜗壳2和叶轮3分别连接至不同的升降机构上，使得蜗壳2和叶轮3能够同时移动，但该结构的不足之处在于，多个升降机构会过多地占用机腔中的空间，从而大大增加吸油烟机100的外形体积和机身重量。因此，下文中仅对升降机构单独驱动蜗壳2或叶轮3的实施方式进行解释说明。
需要说明的是，受限于吸油烟机在厨房中的安装位置，可将升降机构优选设置在吸油烟机100的机腔内，而将升降机构设置在吸油烟机100的机腔内时，应避免其影响机腔内的其他部件的正常工作。通常地，蜗壳2和叶轮3的前端为进风端，因此不适宜将升降机构设置于蜗壳2和叶轮3的前方。此外，由于蜗壳底部和叶轮底部之间形成有蜗壳底部容腔24，因此也不适宜将升降机构设置于叶轮3的下方。再者，蜗壳顶部与叶轮顶部之间的空间过小，因此也不适宜用于安装升降机构。综合上述，可将升降机构优选设置在蜗壳2和叶轮3的后方位置，既不会对其他部件的正常工作造成影响，也方便升降机构与移动部件的连接。
此外，本优选实施方式中的吸油烟机100可采用具有不同结构或连接方式的升降机构，例如滑架升降机构等。下文中将列举若干种优选结构以解释说明如何通过升降机构驱动蜗壳2与叶轮3相对移动。但应当理解的是，下文中列举的多种优选结构仅用于对本优选实施方式中的构想进行解释说明以及补充支持，而不应理解为是对将升降机构的结构或连接方式的限制。换言之，其他于下文中没有描述的升降机构均应属于本优选实施方式的考虑范围内，但由于篇幅有限，下文中不作一一描述。
优选地，可采用滑架升降机构作为本优选实施方式中的升降机构。该滑架升降机构包括移动滑架71和竖向固定滑轨72，其中竖向固定滑轨72和固定部件均固定设置(例如均可固定在吸油烟机100的机壳上)，移动滑架71与移动部件固定连接并能够沿竖向固定滑轨72升降滑移。
如图2至图5所示，可将蜗壳2设置为固定部件且将叶轮电机32设置为移动部件。此时，移动滑架71能够驱动叶轮电机32相对于蜗壳2升降移动。在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下，叶轮电机32连同叶轮3下降以使叶轮底部靠近蜗壳底部，在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下，叶轮电机32连同叶轮3上升以使叶轮底部重新远离蜗壳底部。
进一步地，叶轮电机32的后端可设有电机固定架33。该电机固定架33包括环箍部331和从环箍部331沿径向伸出且沿周向间隔分布的多个连接耳部332。其中，叶轮电机32固定套装于环箍 部331内，移动滑架71可优选设置为与多个连接耳部332之间形成多点连接结构。由于环箍部331承托具有一定重量的叶轮电机32，该多点连接结构有利于增加移动滑架71与电机固定架33之间的连接强度，使叶轮电机32能够跟随移动滑架71即时升降，以确保蜗壳底部容腔24能够根据工作状态的变化而及时地在工作状态容腔和清洗状态容腔之间切换。
如图2、图6至图8所示，也可将叶轮电机32设置为固定部件且将蜗壳2设置为移动部件。此时，竖向固定滑轨72可包括平行间隔设置的左竖向固定滑轨721和右竖向固定滑轨722。由于蜗壳2的重量较大，需要确保移动滑架71具有足够的刚度和强度，因此可将移动滑架71优选设置为沿中心发散的三角支架，该三角支架包括左支架杆711、右支架杆712和竖向支架杆713。其中，左支架杆711、右支架杆712和竖向支架杆713的各自首端均连接于三角支架的中心位置，左支架杆711的末端与左耳铰安装部27固定连接且右支架杆712的末端与右耳铰安装部28固定连接。此外，左支架杆711上的左滑块714与左竖向固定滑轨721滑动配合，右支架杆712上的右滑块715与右竖向固定滑轨722滑动配合，竖向支架杆713上设有用于驱动移动滑架71相对于竖向固定滑轨72竖向滑移的升降驱动机构。
可见，在升降驱动机构的作用下，移动滑架71能够带动蜗壳2相对于叶轮3升降移动。在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下，蜗壳2上升以使蜗壳底部靠近叶轮底部，在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下，蜗壳2下降以使蜗壳底部重新远离叶轮底部。
为实现吸油烟机100的轻量化，应尽量减少升降机构在吸油烟机100的机腔中占用的空间。因此，可将上述升降驱动机构优选设置为较轻便的推杆电机75。该推杆电机75中设有丝杆螺母机构，通过将竖向支架杆713连接于丝杆螺母机构的移动螺母上，即可将电机轴的旋转运动转化为移动滑架71的升降运动。可见，通过采用推杆电机75，升降机构的体积得以缩减，并且有利于简化升降驱动机构与移动滑架71之间的连接结构。
或者，还可将叶轮电机32设置为双转子电机，该双转子电机包括用于驱动叶轮3旋转的前转轴以及向后方伸出的后转轴，并且前转轴和后转轴能够相互独立旋转。基于此电机结构，可将后转轴作为驱动移动滑架71滑移的动力轴，即采用该双转子电机作为上述的升降驱动机构。
在本优选实施方式中，当蜗壳底部与叶轮底部在风机清洗状态下相互靠近时，移动滑架71在竖向固定滑轨72上的滑移行程应小于蜗壳底部与叶轮底部之间的最短垂直距离，即应该小于叶轮3的外径与蜗壳腔的内径之间的半径差，以此避免蜗壳底部与叶轮底部发生刚性碰撞而造成结构的损坏，从而提高吸油烟机100的可靠性。
在另一种优选实施方式中，如图9至图11所示，蜗壳2设置为分体式结构。该蜗壳2包括位于上部的蜗壳本体21和位于下部的蜗壳接水部22，叶轮3位于蜗壳本体21中，蜗壳接水部22能够相对于蜗壳本体21升降移动。其中，在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下，蜗壳接水部22上升以靠近叶轮底部，使蜗壳接水部22中的蜗壳底部容腔24形成为容积较小的清洗状态容腔。在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下，蜗壳接水部22下降以远离叶轮底部，使蜗壳底部容腔24重新形成为容积较大的工作状态容腔。可见，通过将蜗壳2设置为分体式结构，蜗壳接水部22中的蜗壳底部容腔24形成为能够根据工作状态变化而调节容积大小的可变容腔。
由上述可知，蜗壳接水部22能够在升降低点与升降高点之间升降移动。当蜗壳接水部22位于升降低点时，吸油烟机100处于正常工作状态，蜗壳接水部22与蜗壳本体21可拼接成完整的环状蜗壳，此时蜗壳接水部22的两侧外壁分别抵接于蜗壳本体21的内周壁，从而使蜗壳2具有较好的气密性，有利于保证风机的正常工作。当蜗壳接水部22位于升降高点时，吸油烟机100处于风机 清洗状态，蜗壳接水部22的两侧外壁均脱离蜗壳本体21的内周壁，此时蜗壳接水部22的顶部嵌入蜗壳本体21中以靠近叶轮底部。
此外，本优选实施方式中的吸油烟机100还包括用于连接蜗壳接水部22的升降机构，该升降机构能够驱动蜗壳接水部22升降移动。
优选地，升降机构可包括竖向导轨74以及能够沿竖向导轨74滑移的升降滑架73。此时，竖向导轨74和蜗壳本体21均固定设置(例如均可固定在吸油烟机100的机壳上)，升降滑架73与蜗壳接水部22固定连接。在升降机构中的升降驱动机构的作用下，升降滑架73能够连同蜗壳接水部22升降移动。需要说明的是，升降机构或升降驱动机构均可设置为多种不同的结构，例如，可优选将升降驱动机构设置为推杆电机75等。
为提高蜗壳接水部22在升降过程中的稳定性，可在蜗壳接水部22的底部设置用于支撑的接水部支撑座23，此时升降滑架73固定连接于接水部支撑座23上。当升降滑架73沿竖向导轨74升降滑移时，接水部支撑座23能够对蜗壳接水部22起到较好的承托支撑作用。
具体地，当吸油烟机100处于风机清洗状态时，蜗壳接水部22需要暂时用于盛放清洗液，因此蜗壳接水部22的底壁和侧壁需要具有较好的密封性以防止漏液。为此，可将蜗壳接水部22优选设置为底壁和周壁均密封处理的一体成型塑料件。而在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下，从外界环境进入蜗壳腔中的油烟气流会对蜗壳本体21造成较强的冲击，因此蜗壳本体21优选采用金属板拼接而成，以此提高刚度和强度，从而确保吸油烟机100的可靠性。
此外，在吸油烟机100进入正常工作状态之前，需确保蜗壳接水部22中的清洗液48已经被排出。因此，可在蜗壳接水部22的底部设置带有开关控制阀的排污开口，并通过在该排污开口中连接软管以将清洗液48排出至位于蜗壳接水部22的下方的油盒8中，待油盒8装满后，用户可将油盒8从吸油烟机100中抽出，并对其进行清洗。或者，也可将蜗壳接水部22中的清洗液48通过特定的管路直接外排至外部排污管。
在另一种优选实施方式中，如图12至图15所示，吸油烟机100的蜗壳底部容腔24中设有容腔填充件。该容腔填充件能够根据吸油烟机100的工作状态变化而调节体积大小，即能够在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下减小体积或者在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下增大体积，从而使蜗壳底部容腔24形成为可变容腔。其中，当吸油烟机100处于风机清洗状态时，由于容腔填充件的体积增大，蜗壳底部容腔24中能够盛放清洗液48的空间变小，要使清洗液48达到预期液位高度，只需注入更少量的清洗液48即可，从而大大减少清洗过程中的用水量。
具体地，可将容腔填充件设置为可膨胀元件。该可膨胀元件是指能够在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下收缩或者在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下膨胀的元件，其收缩或膨胀过程既可只依靠自身的物理或化学属性来实现，也可依靠与其他结构或装置等的配合来协同实现。换言之，本优选实施方式中的可膨胀元件能够具有多种不同的结构或组合形式。
如图12和图13所示，该可膨胀元件可优选设置为带有充气装置的气囊51。在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下，气囊51处于收缩状态。而在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下，气囊51处于膨胀状态。
或者，该可膨胀元件可设置为发泡体。其中，在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下，发泡体遇水会变成膨胀状态，从而使自身体积变大。而在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下，可能需要借助其他结构或装置才能将处于膨胀状态的发泡体恢复至收缩状态。
此外，如图14和图15所示，容腔填充件还可设置为能够在蜗壳底部容腔24中收缩和伸展的 伸缩移动件52。该伸缩移动件52能够在伸展状态下向上伸入蜗壳底部容腔24中或者能够在收缩状态下收缩至蜗壳底部。由此可见，伸缩移动件52在伸展状态下的填充体积大于其在收缩状态下的填充体积，从而使在蜗壳底部容腔24形成为可变容腔。
需要说明的是，本优选实施方式中的伸缩移动件52的收缩或伸展动作均需要通过其他结构或装置控制实现。例如，可通过机械结构触发伸缩移动件52的收缩或伸展，也可通过在伸缩移动件52中设置电子传感器以感应触发其收缩或伸展。
在另一种优选实施方式中，吸油烟机100包括离心式风机，如图16和图18所示，该离心式风机包括蜗壳2和位于蜗壳腔中的叶轮3，该蜗壳2为横置式蜗壳，其顶部设有蜗壳出风口26，该蜗壳出风口26中可设有止回阀。其中，上述的横置式蜗壳特指一种蜗壳出风口26的出风口中心轴线沿水平横向延伸的蜗壳，该水平横向延伸方向为大致水平横向，即出风口中心轴线与水平线之间允许存在一定的夹角。例如，可将出风口中心轴线与水平线的水平夹角优选设置为不大于30°，以保证出风口中心轴线的大致横向。此外，下文中的纵置式蜗壳特指一种蜗壳出风口26的出风口中心轴线沿竖直方向延伸的蜗壳，该竖直方向为大致竖直方向，即出风口中心轴线与竖直线之间允许存在一定的夹角。
需要说明的是，上述的蜗壳2既可固定设置，也可设置为可旋转体。例如，当蜗壳2设置为可旋转体时，其可以在吸油烟机100的正常工作状态下旋转以形成为如图17所示的纵置式蜗壳或者可以在吸油烟机100的风机清洗状态下旋转形成为如图18所示的横置式蜗壳。但无论蜗壳2是设置为固定体或可旋转体，其在风机清洗状态下均形成为横置式蜗壳。
可见，吸油烟机100的蜗壳底部与叶轮底部之间的蜗壳底部容腔24在蜗壳横置时的容积小于在蜗壳纵置时的容积。换言之，在对离心式风机进行清洗时，并在确保蜗壳底部容腔24中的预期液位高度不变的前提下，横置式蜗壳的蜗壳底部容腔24中的清洗液量较之纵置式蜗壳更少，从而节省了风机在清洗过程中的用水量。
优选地，可将蜗壳2的外部型线(即外轮廓线)设置为渐开线。由于本优选实施方式中的风机为离心式风机，蜗壳2的旋转中心与叶轮3的旋转中心为偏心设置。因此，在沿该渐开线的展开方向，渐开线上的各点与渐开线的基圆之间的径向间距逐渐增大。其中，渐开线包括与基圆的径向间距最小的渐开线始点以及与基圆的径向间距最大的渐开线终点，该渐开线始点和渐开线终点分别位于蜗壳出风口26的两侧侧壁上。进一步地，渐开线始点与蜗壳出风口26的外端面之间的长度小于渐开线终点与蜗壳出风口26的外端面之间的长度。
当蜗壳2的外部型线设置为渐开线时，横置式蜗壳的蜗壳底部容腔24的容积小于纵置式蜗壳的蜗壳底部容腔24的容积。由此可见，采用横置式蜗壳的吸油烟机100能够更加节省清洗用水。
此外，上述渐开线的基圆可优选设置为位于蜗壳2的端面的蜗壳进风口25对应的圆形轮廓线。该蜗壳进风口25的周沿设有进风圈251，因此更优选地，该圆形轮廓线与进风圈251的轮廓线大致重合。
在一种实施方式中，如图1所示，吸油烟机100的风机清洗系统中包括给水管41和回水管42。给水管41的上游端能够连接自来水管且下游端连接清洗喷管47，清洗喷管47伸入风机的蜗壳2内以喷洒清洗液48，回水管42的顶端连通蜗壳2的蜗壳底部容腔24且底端能够连接至外部排污管。
通过将给水管41连接至自来水管且将回水管42连接至外部排污管，用户在吸油烟机100的清洗过程中无需自备水箱以及无需自行配置清洗液48，其工作量大大减少，吸油烟机100的清洗效率也得以大大提高，从而有效改善用户的使用体验。
具体地，风机清洗系统可包括设置在给水管41的上游端的给水控制阀43和设置在回水管42中的回水控制阀44。此时，可通过控制给水控制阀或回水控制阀44的打开或闭合以控制清洗用水流入或排出吸油烟机，从而提高吸油烟机100清洗时的自动化程度。
进一步地，可将给水控制阀43设置为电磁流量阀以及将回水控制阀44设置为电磁开关阀。其中，将给水控制阀43设置为电磁流量阀能够合理控制清洗过程中的用水量，将回水控制阀44设置为电磁开关阀能够满足吸油烟机100在不同清洗阶段下的需要。例如，在清洗初期，蜗壳底部容腔24中需要盛放较多的清洗液48，此时应控制回水控制阀44关闭以防止清洗液48外排，而在清洗完成后，可控制打开回水控制阀44以将清洗液48全部排出机外。
此外，给水管41中可设有位于给水控制阀43的下游的清洗液添加装置45。该清洗液添加装置45包括用于存放清洗溶剂的清洗液容器和设置在清洗液容器的出口处的添加控制阀。在添加控制阀的打开状态下，清洗液容器能够向给水管41释放清洗溶剂以与给水管41中的自来水配制成清洗液48。
其中，可将添加控制阀设置为电磁流量阀，在吸油烟机100中的控制器的自动控制下，可根据机腔内的污染程度调配具有合适浓度的清洗液48，从而保证对吸油烟机的清洗效果。
具体地，给水管41中还可设有位于清洗液添加装置45的下游的加热装置46。此时，加热装置46用于将清洗液48加热成高温液态清洗液或高温气态清洗液，通过对清洗液48进行加热，清洗液48的去污能力更好，能够进一步提高吸油烟机的清洗效率。或者，加热装置46也可以设置在清洗液添加装置45的上游，此时，加热装置46能够将自来水加热至一定温度才与清洗液48混合。
进一步地，还可在吸油烟机100的油盒8中设置回油管，该回油管能够连接回水管42，即油盒中的油污以及蜗壳底部容腔24中的清洗液48均能通过回水管42排出至外部排污管，使用户无须自行清洗油盒，从而有效提升其使用体验。
对于本文中任意一种实施方式中的吸油烟机100，蜗壳2的蜗壳端面设有蜗壳进风口25，蜗壳进风口25的周沿设有进风圈251，叶轮3包括处于底部最低位置的最低底部叶片31。如图19所示，在风机清洗状态下，风机清洗系统向蜗壳底部容腔24中注入的清洗液48的液位高度优选设置为不低于最低底部叶片31的叶片上沿，且优选设置为不高于进风圈251的最底端，从而在确保清洗液48能够充分浸泡最低底部叶片31的前提下，防止清洗液48通过蜗壳进风口25流出蜗壳2而影响蜗壳进风。
此外，对于本文中任意一种实施方式中的吸油烟机100，可在其蜗壳底部套装密封性较好的蓄水盒9，该蓄水盒9的蓄水腔与蜗壳底部容腔24连通，且该蓄水盒9的底部设有带开关控制阀的底端开口，该底端开口连接朝向油盒8向下伸出的软管。可见，由于蓄水盒9具有较好的密封性，因此在加工蜗壳2时无需对其进行密封处理，从而简化了对蜗壳2的加工，有利于提高油烟机100的生产效率。
在一种实施方式中，如图20至25所示，吸油烟机100的风机清洗系统中设有内置于机腔中的内置水箱49。
通过设置内置水箱49，用户在吸油烟机100的清洗过程中无需自备水箱以及无需自行配置清洗液48，能够减少在清洗过程中所需的工作量，有利于提高吸油烟机清洗的自动化程度，从而减轻用户的工作负担以及提高吸油烟机的清洗效率。此外，该内置水箱49的设置能够使吸油烟机100的结构集成度更高，从而更加方便安装和使用。
为使得机腔中各部件的结构更紧凑，优选地将内置水箱49固定安装于机壳的后面板上。此外， 可在吸油烟机100的机壳上设置用于引流至内置水箱49的注水口13，当内置水箱49中缺水而使清洗无法正常进行时，用户可通过该注水口13对内置水箱49进行加水。例如，可根据用户的使用习惯或吸油烟机100的安装位置等将注水口13设置于机壳的前面板11或侧面板12上，或者也可同时在前面板11和侧面板12上设置多个注水口13。
注水口13中优选设置有引水盒支架14，且引水盒支架14上设有能够伸出机壳的引水盒15。在内置水箱49处于缺水状态时，用户可先使引水盒15伸出机壳，然后往引水盒15中直接加水，引水盒15能够进一步将补水引流至内置水箱49中。可见，该引水盒15能够将补水精确地引流至内置水箱49中，从而防止补水溢出至机腔内的其他部件中，有效防止出现短路故障等情况。
为进一步防止溢水，可将内置水箱49设置为闭合水箱，该闭合水箱设有水箱进水口491、水箱出水口和水箱回水口，引水盒15可连接有出水软管。其中，出水软管能够穿过水箱进水口491伸入内置水箱49中，从而将引水盒15中的补水精确地引流至内置水箱49。
此外，风机清洗系统中的给水管41的上游端连通至水箱出水口，下游端连通伸入风机的蜗壳腔中的清洗喷管47，回水管42的上游端可连通至蜗壳的底部容腔，下游端可连通至水箱回水口。由于设置了内置水箱49，风机清洗系统能够在吸油烟机100的机腔中形成完整的清洗水路，节省了用户的操作，提高了吸油烟机清洗的自动化程度，并使吸油烟机100的结构更加紧凑。
具体地，引水盒15可以是手动抽拉式盒体、电控式移动盒体或弹压式盒体等具有不同结构的可伸出式盒体。例如，可将引水盒支架14与引水盒15通过象鼻锁16连接，此时引水盒15形成为弹压式盒体，用户可通过直接按压引水盒15以使其弹出或复位。或者，也可在机壳的其他位置设置控制按钮，当用户按压或接触该控制按钮时，引水盒15能够自动弹出或复位。或者，也可在吸油烟机100中设置传感器，用户可通过遥控等方式控制引水盒15弹出或复位。
优选地，可在引水盒支架14和水口13的周缘机壳部中的其中一者上设置限位止挡块17，该限位止挡块17能够与引水盒15形成卡扣连接，有效防止引水盒15完全脱离机壳，避免引水盒15在脱离机壳时翻侧溢水，提高了引水盒15的可靠性。此外，在一些优选结构中，引水盒支架14和水口13的周缘机壳部上可同时设有限位止挡块17。
需要说明的是，当内置水箱49处于缺水状态时，吸油烟机100不能进行正常清洗，当内置水箱49处于溢水状态时，会影响机腔中的其他部件正常工作。然而，用户无法直接观察内置水箱49中的水位情况，因此无论内置水箱49是处于缺水或溢水状态，用户均无法作出准确判断，这就容易出现上述的不良影响。
因此，基于本实施方式中的内置水箱49，提出一种水位检测装置和水位提醒装置。其中，水位检测装置用于检测内置水箱49中的水位高度并输出水位高度信号，水位提醒装置电连接水位检测装置，并能够在接收水位高度信号后发出水位提醒。需要说明的是，该水位提醒可包括在吸油烟机100的控制面板上显示提醒或通过语音播报提醒等多种不同的提醒方式。
通过设置相应于内置水箱49的水位检测装置和水位提醒装置，吸油烟机100具有在内置水箱缺水或溢水的情况下及时提醒用户的功能，使用户能够根据提醒进行合理操作，从而确保风机清洗系统能够可靠地运行，并有效避免对机腔内的其他部件造成不良影响。
如图26所示，水位检测装置包括电极式水位检测装置。为了能够及时检测出内置水箱49的缺水状态，可在电极式水位检测装置中设置低水位探针61。该低水位探针61设置为当内置水箱49中的水位高度低于预设最低水位时产生低水位信号，此时，水位提醒装置设置为在接收低水位信号时发出补水提醒。
需要说明的是，上述预设最低水位是指至少能够确保吸油烟机100完成一次完整的清洗操作所需的用水量的水位高度。因此，当内置水箱49中的水位高度低于预设最低水位时，即表明内置水箱49处于缺水状态，此时风机清洗系统不能正常工作，需立即对内置水箱49进行补水。
进一步地，为了能够及时检测出内置水箱49的溢水状态，可在电极式水位检测装置中设置高水位探针62。该高水位探针62设置为当内置水箱49中的水位高度高于预设最高水位时产生高水位信号，水位提醒装置设置为在接收高水位信号时发出溢水提醒。可见，当内置水箱49中的水位过高时，水位提醒装置能够及时提醒用户停止补水，从而避免出现水箱溢水的情况。
具体地，可将高水位探针62和低水位探针61悬挂于内置水箱49的顶壁。由于要检测的水位高度不同，此时低水位探针61的底端低于高水位探针62的底端设置。
由于电极式水位检测装置属于电子元器件，其长期处于潮湿的工作环境中会有出现电路故障失效的风险。当电极式水位检测装置失效时，风机清洗系统又难以可靠地运行。
为此，水位检测装置还可包括机械式溢流检测装置。该机械式溢流检测装置仅通过机械结构配合工作，因此不会由于长期处于潮湿环境下而发生故障或失效，可与电极式水位检测装置配合使用，形成双保险的水位检测装置，进一步提高吸油烟机100的可靠性。
如图26所示，机械式溢流检测装置中设有防溢水浮块组件63。该防溢水浮块组件63中的浮块能够在内置水箱49中的水位高度达到溢出高度时升高以封闭内置水箱49的水箱进水口491。其中，该溢出高度高于前述的预设最高水位。在水箱进水口491被浮块封堵后，用户可观察到引流盒15中的水位停止下降，即提醒用户内置水箱49中已有充足的水量供风机清洗系统工作，从而防止用户继续加水而造成溢水。
具体地，可将防溢水浮块组件63铰接于内置水箱49的内周壁上。当内置水箱49中的水位升高至时水箱进水口491，防溢水浮块组件63中的浮块能够基于铰接点旋转升高以封堵水箱进水口491。
此外，还可在内置水箱49的顶部连接溢流管492，当内置水箱49中的水位过高时，多余的水能够经溢流管492排出，优选地，可将该溢流管492的底端连接至吸油烟机100的油盒8中。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明的思想，其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种吸油烟机，包括蜗壳(2)、叶轮(3)和风机清洗系统，其特征在于，所述蜗壳(2)的蜗壳底部与所述叶轮(3)的叶轮底部之间的蜗壳底部容腔(24)形成为容积可变的可变容腔，该可变容腔能够在工作状态容腔和清洗状态容腔之间切换，所述吸油烟机(100)处于风机清洗状态时的所述清洗状态容腔小于所述吸油烟机(100)处于正常工作状态时的所述工作状态容腔，所述风机清洗系统在所述风机清洗状态下向所述蜗壳底部容腔(24)注入清洗液(48)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述吸油烟机(100)包括用于驱动所述蜗壳底部与所述叶轮底部相对移动的升降机构，在所述正常工作状态下，所述升降机构驱动所述蜗壳底部与所述叶轮底部相互远离，在所述风机清洗状态下，所述升降机构驱动所述蜗壳底部与所述叶轮底部相互靠近。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述蜗壳(2)固定设置，所述升降机构驱动所述叶轮(3)升降移动，使得所述叶轮底部在所述风机清洗状态下靠近所述蜗壳底部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述吸油烟机(100)包括同轴连接以驱动所述叶轮(3)旋转的叶轮电机(32)，所述升降机构连接驱动所述叶轮电机(32)升降移动。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述叶轮(3)的安装位置固定设置，所述升降机构连接所述蜗壳(2)以驱动所述蜗壳(2)升降移动，使得所述蜗壳底部在所述风机清洗状态下靠近所述叶轮底部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述蜗壳(2)为分体式结构并包括上部的蜗壳本体(21)和作为所述蜗壳底部的蜗壳接水部(22)，所述升降机构能够驱动所述蜗壳接水部(22)相对所述蜗壳本体(21)升降移动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，在所述正常工作状态下，所述蜗壳接水部(22)的两侧外壁内接于所述蜗壳本体(21)的内周壁上，在所述风机清洗状态下，所述蜗壳接水部(22)的两侧外壁向上移动并脱离所述蜗壳本体(21)的内周壁。
  8. 根据权利要求2～7中任意一项所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述蜗壳(2)和同轴连接并驱动所述叶轮(3)旋转的叶轮电机(32)中的其中一者为固定部件，另一者为移动部件，所述升降机构为滑架升降机构并包括移动滑架(71)和竖向固定滑轨(72)，所述固定部件和所述竖向固定滑轨(72)固定于所述吸油烟机(100)的机壳上，所述移动滑架(71)与所述移动部件固定连接并能够沿所述竖向固定滑轨(72)滑移。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述移动滑架(71)与所述移动部件之间形成沿周向间隔分布的多点连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述蜗壳底部容腔(24)中设有填充体 积可变的容腔填充件，所述容腔填充件在所述正常工作状态下的填充体积小于在所述风机清洗状态下的填充体积。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述容腔填充件为可膨胀的气囊(51)或发泡体。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述叶轮(3)包括处于底部最低位置的最低底部叶片(31)，所述风机清洗系统在所述风机清洗状态下向所述蜗壳底部容腔(24)注入清洗液(48)时，使得所述蜗壳底部容腔(24)中的液位高度不低于所述最低底部叶片(31)的叶片上沿。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述蜗壳(2)的蜗壳端面设有蜗壳进风口(25)，所述蜗壳进风口(25)的周沿设有进风圈(251)，在所述风机清洗状态下，所述蜗壳底部容腔(24)中的液位高度不高于所述进风圈(251)的最底端。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的吸油烟机，其特征在于，所述风机清洗系统包括与自来水管相连的给水管(41)和与外部排污管相连的回水管(42)，所述给水管(41)上设有给水控制阀(43)、加热装置(46)、清洗液添加装置(45)和伸入蜗壳腔的清洗喷管(47)，所述回水管(42)连接所述蜗壳底部容腔(24)并设有回水控制阀(44)。
PCT/CN2018/109836 2018-07-26 2018-10-11 吸油烟机 WO2020019528A1 (zh)

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