WO2020018026A1

WO2020018026A1 - Line need determination method

Info

Publication number: WO2020018026A1
Application number: PCT/TR2018/050375
Authority: WO
Inventors: Berkan ÇAKIR; Erhan DAŞ; Serhat DİKYAR
Original assignee: Aselsan Elektroni̇k Sanayi̇ Ve Ti̇caret Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇
Priority date: 2018-07-17
Filing date: 2018-07-17
Publication date: 2020-01-23

Abstract

The invention relates to a method calculating optimum number of buses and charging stations to be used in a line for each type of diesel, slow or fast charging electric bus types intended to be used at a travel point of in-city public transport system by use of details (times of bus departures, line distance, service duration, average power consumption per bus working in the line etc.) and producing outputs to be used as input for cost effectiveness analysis and conducting cost effectiveness analysis for each bus type.

Description

LINE NEED DETERMINATION METHOD

The Related Art

The present invention relates to a method for calculating optimum number of buses and charging stations to be used in a line for each diesel, slow or fast charging electric bus types intended to be used at a travel point of in-city public transport system by use of details (times of bus departures, line distance, service duration, average power consumption per bus working in the line etc.) and producing outputs to be used as input for cost effectiveness analysis and conducting cost effectiveness analysis for each bus type.

Background of the Invention

The related art offers a program [1] comparing life cycle costs of diesel and electric bus by obtaining the inputs from the users but it does not offer any optimization method.

Another method [2] does not calculate optimum number of buses and charging stations by use of time of departures and line details of an existing line or does not disclose any similar method. Related article is of a sample study for parameters to be employed for calculation of life cycle costs of diesel, fast charging and slow charging buses.

The study [3] analyzes the impact of the capacity of charging station and capacity of battery on the vehicle but it cannot calculate optimum number of buses and charging stations by use of departure times and line details of a line, and does not offer a method for analyzing cost effectiveness.

The work [4] relating to calculation of total cost of ownership does not calculate the optimum number of buses and charging stations by use of departure times and line details of an existing line and does not offer a calculation and optimization method for analysis of cost effectiveness. The study [5] relating to calculation of cost effectiveness of different types of buses employed in two predefined bus lines does not calculate the optimum number of buses and charging stations by use of all departure times and line details of a line and does not offer a calculation and optimization method for analysis of cost effectiveness.

The application numbered W02018032808A1 presents a data model to optimize the bus schedule by taking into account of both the passenger waiting time costs and enterprise operating costs, thus the interests of passengers and enterprise can be coordinated. The model takes a departure interval of each time period as a decision variable and takes a minimum system total cost as an objective function, taking into consideration waiting time costs of both transfer and non-transfer passengers, as well as operation costs of bus operators. By taking into account the ground bus and rail transit transfer, the rationality of bus schedule preparation can be improved. However, the presented data model does not offer a method calculating optimum number of buses and charging stations to be used in a line.

As a result, due to above described disadvantages and inadequacy of existing solutions it has been necessary to make development in the related art.

Purpose of the Invention

The invention enables calculation of optimum number of diesel / electric buses and charging stations needed for lines operated or intended to be operated, by use of real line details and time tables of lines. In addition, details such as number of conducted charges, battery use duration needed for life cycle cost analysis will be calculated based on real line data and thus a comprehensive cost effectiveness analysis method is offered.

The invention will provide below stated advantages to be needed by in-city bus line operators (municipality etc.) for the lines already operated and intended to be operated:

• Optimization of number of diesel, slow charging electric and fast charging electric buses,

• Optimization of number of charging stations required for slow charging electric and fast charging electric buses, • Calculation of cost items (annual travel distance per vehicle, travel distance during life cycle per vehicle, charging life cycle figures etc.) required for calculation of life cycle cost (LCC) of buses and

• Life cycle calculation and optimization of buses according to the cost items.

The line need determination method provides information to the in-city bus line operators to make comparison and optimization of total cost of ownership of electric buses and diesel buses.

The in-city bus line operators will be able to decide bus type that will give the appropriate bus run cost with help of the method and thus they will be able to make task planning with the optimum number of buses.

Detailed Description of the Invention

In this detailed description, the preferred embodiments of the invention have been described in a manner not forming any restrictive effect and only for purpose of better understanding of the matter.

The invention relates to a computer implemented method calculating number of buses and charging stations and conducting cost effectiveness analysis for each diesel and slow or fast charging electric bus types in public transport systems by use of data pertaining to the line. The computer implemented method calculating line need consists of following process steps:

a) receiving information of battery capacities, power consumption values, battery life cycle, filling ratio before charging, charging station power, departure times of bus services, arrival times of bus services, service distances, service durations, stops and moving point details of buses from a user interface or a server storing current data,

b) calculating maximum distance to be travelled by each bus by use of battery/fuel capacity,

c) creating list of bus services by putting in order the bus services starting from the earliest times to the latest times based on departure time,

d) calculating service starting and service ending times for each services included in the list, e) checking whether or not there are any buses among those assigned for former services and whose service ending times are before service starting time of new service under the list of bus services,

f) adding a new bus to the list of buses if there is no available bus among those assigned for former services and updating service ending time and total travelled distance of the new bus according to the related service,

g) if there are available buses among assigned for former services, then checking whether or not the sum of service distance and total travelled distance for the first available bus is less than maximum distance that can be travelled;

❖ if adequate, assigning the bus for service and updating service ending time and total travelled distance of the bus according to the related service,

❖ if not adequate, putting the bus at charging and calculating charging start and ending times on basis of filling rate of the battery and power of charging station,

❖ if charging ending time is appropriate for start time of related service, assigning the bus for service and updating the bus service ending time and total travelled distance according to the service,

❖ if charging ending time is not appropriate for related service, conducting distance and if required charging ending time evaluation again for the next available bus out of those assigned for former services, h) repeating same steps starting from step (e) for the other services under the list of bus services in order to calculate number of buses required for the line and distance travelled by buses,

i) creating list of charging by use of charging start and end times of the buses in the line,

j) checking whether or not there are charging stations actively used whose charging ending time is before charging starting time for new charging under the list of charging,

❖ adding a new charging station to the list of charging stations if there is no appropriate charging station,

❖ if there is appropriate charging station, using the related charging station,

k) repeating same steps starting from step (j) for the other chargings under the list of charging in order to calculate number of charging stations required for the line, number of conducted charges, battery use duration according to battery life cycle and number of conducted charges.

The following units are used to estimate line needs:

1. Input Unit: Unit where inputs are entered

2. Process Unit: Unit where process is conducted based on inputs

3. Output Unit: Unit where outputs are displayed

The method uses two types of inputs, namely, line analysis input and financial analysis input, and also provides two types of outputs, namely, line analysis output and financial analysis output. Basically, the line analysis aims to calculate optimum values of numbers of fast charging electric bus, slow charging electric bus and diesel bus to be needed by in-city bus line operators (municipality etc.) while financial analysis aims to find out and compare total cost of ownership of buses of such types.

The line analysis outputs obtained as a result of running an algorithm in a processor unit are displayed on a output unit such as monitor, printer etc. Line analysis outputs present important details on bus type (fast charging electric bus, slow charging electric bus and diesel bus) basis such as; number of buses, number of charging stations, number of conducted charges, distance travelled by buses, battery use duration etc. to be needed for a line group.

Number of bus, number of charging stations, distance travelled by buses, battery use period, bus unit cost, unit cost of charging station, battery unit cost, maintenance unit cost, heating unit cost, tax unit cost, insurance unit cost, electric consumption unit cost, inflation rates, fuel-oil consumption, fuel-oil cost and similar parameters some coming from line analysis output and some taken from a user or a server are used as financial analysis inputs. The parameters can be entered by user by use of keyboard, touch screen etc. and can also be taken instantly and automatically from system communication infrastructure (internet etc.).

Processor unit produces financial analysis outputs via output unit upon conducting required calculations according to the inputs. The outputs are bus cost, bus maintenance cost, bus heating cost, bus insurance cost, bus tax cost, bus electric consumption cost, bus battery cost, charging station cost, charging station maintenance cost for each bus type (fast charging electric bus, slow charging electric bus and diesel bus) on year basis. The outputs allow determination of which bus type should be selected for being effective in terms of costs in any line and thus may enable bus line operators (municipality etc) to have opinion.

All entered data are parametric data and the effects of the changes in critical parameters (battery capacity, charging station power, filling ratio prior to charging etc.) on the number of bus, number of charging station and total cost of ownership subject to them can be displayed on the output unit. In addition, the lines can be created on commercially accessible map templates (Google Map, Yandex etc.) and conduct of analysis is provided.

References

[1 ] Ebusplan, solutions for clean transportation - LCC calculator, http://ebuslcc.ebusplan.com/en/calculator/

[2] Vilppo, O.; Markkula, J., Feasibility of electric buses in public transport, EVS 28

Symposium, Kintex, Korea, 3-6 May 2015.

[3] Rogge, M.; Wollny, S.; Sauer, U., Fast charging Battery Buses for the Electrification of Urban Public Transport - A Feasibility Study Focusing on charging Infrastructure and Energy Storage Requirements, Energies 2015, 8, 4587-4606; doi:10.3390/en8054587.

[4] Nurhadi, L; Boren, S.; Ny, FI., A sensitivity analysis of total cost of ownership for electric public bus transport systems in Swedish medium sized cities, EWGT2014, Sevilla, Spain, 2-4 July 2014.

[5] Olsson, O.; Grauers, A.; Pettersson, S., Method to analyze cost effectiveness of different electric bus systems. EVS 29 Symposium, Montreal, Canada, 19-22 June 2016.

Claims

1. A method calculating number of buses and charging stations and conducting cost effectiveness analysis for each diesel and slow or fast charging electric bus types in public transport systems by use of data pertaining to the line, the computer implemented method characterized by comprising the steps of: a) receiving information of battery capacities, power consumption values, battery life cycle, filling ratio before charging, charging station power, departure times of bus services, arrival times of bus services, service distances, service durations, stops and moving point details of buses from a user interface or a server storing current data,

d) calculating service starting and service ending times for each services included in the list,

e) checking whether or not there are any buses among those assigned for former services and whose service ending times are before service starting time of new service under the list of bus services,

f) adding a new bus to the list of buses if there is no available bus among those assigned for former services and updating service ending time and total travelled distance of the new bus according to the related service, g) if there are available buses among assigned for former services, then checking whether or not the sum of service distance and total travelled distance for the first available bus is less than maximum distance that can be travelled;

❖ if not adequate, putting the bus at charging and calculating charging start and ending times on basis of filling rate of the battery and power of charging station, ❖ if charging ending time is appropriate for start time of related service, assigning the bus for service and updating the bus service ending time and total travelled distance according to the service,

❖ if charging ending time is not appropriate for related service, conducting distance and if required charging ending time evaluation again for the next available bus out of those assigned for former services,

h) repeating same steps starting from step (e) for the other services under the list of bus services in order to calculate number of buses required for the line and distance travelled by buses,

k) repeating the same steps starting from step (j) for the other chargings under the list of charging in order to calculate number of charging stations required for the line, number of conducted charges, battery use duration according to battery life cycle and number of conducted charges.