WO2020010902A1 - Cutter state detection system - Google Patents

Abstract

A cutter state detection system (1). A C-shaped clamping ring (14) or a magnetic block body (17) is used as an assistive tool, and a sensor (11) is provided on a machine main shaft (21) of a tool machine (2) to sense the effect brought by a cutter (22) on the machine main shaft (21) during task execution, so that the state of the cutter (22) is detected in real time, without spending extra time in detecting the cutter (22), and a current available state of the cutter (22) can be effectively known, thereby improving the use efficiency of the cutter (22).

Description

Tool condition detection system Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of equipment detection, in particular to a tool condition detection system.

Background technique

In the current mechanical processing industry, the most closely related to cost are: man-hours, raw materials and processing consumables, among which the use of tools is most directly related to the above three. From the perspective of tool replacement and use, in order to avoid the poor condition caused by the excessive use of tools and thereby affecting the processing quality, the usual solution is to increase the number of tool replacements, but this will cause the number of tools used accordingly. Increase, however, frequent tool changes will result in increased man-hour costs and tool costs (ie, processing consumables). In contrast, if you want to reduce these two costs, you must extend the use time of the tool to reduce the number of tool replacements, and this method will undoubtedly bring the risk of poor processing quality, so effectively grasp the current state of the tool to increase the tool's The use time, thus improving the efficiency of tool use, is the key to the current machining industry to effectively reduce costs and improve competitiveness.

In the existing tool condition detection technology, direct detection is the main method. It mainly uses optical and contact methods to detect the appearance of the tool. However, the above detection method will be affected by foreign objects in the processing environment. It will increase the difficulty of detection and easily cause errors in the detection results. For example, cutting oil is sprayed on the cutting tool during the cutting and milling process. However, cutting oil remaining on the cutting tool can interfere with the transmission of light, thereby increasing the difficulty of detecting the state of the cutting tool using optical detection methods. In addition, during the cutting and milling process, part of the iron filings may be entangled or adsorbed on the tool, thereby causing an error in the detection result of the contact detection method.

In addition, all the above-mentioned inspection methods are used to detect or diagnose the condition of the tool offline. The so-called offline means that the information cannot be obtained in real time during the cutting and milling process, so it must take extra time to do Inspection, processing time is bound to increase. The efficiency and cost of the production line also have the most direct relationship. Therefore, how to obtain the maximum output in the shortest time is also the key factor to reduce the cost. If the time cost increases due to the inspection of the tools, it is not something the industry would like to see. However, if the number of times of detecting the tool is reduced, it will fall into the vicious circle problem that the quality cannot be effectively controlled.

Therefore, how to provide a tool state detection technology to overcome various problems existing in the prior art, that is, a technical problem to be solved in this case.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the main object of the present invention is to provide a tool condition detection system, which does not need to change the mechanism of the tool machine, but uses sensors to set the sensor on the machine tool spindle. In this way, the use status of the tool is detected in real time during the machining process.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a tool state detection system, which can detect the useable state of the tool in real time, improve the use efficiency of the tool, and improve the processing quality of the workpiece.

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, the present invention provides a tool condition detection system, which is used for a tool machine. The tool machine includes a tool spindle. The tool spindle is a cylindrical body and has a tool. The tool condition detection system is used to detect the status of the tool, and the tool condition detection system includes: a C-type clamping ring, which is clamped on the main shaft of the machine and extends around the shaft wall surface of the main shaft of the machine And has at least one C-type clamping ring locking structure; at least one sensor, the sensor is locked to the C-type clamping ring through the C-type clamping ring locking structure to indirectly pass through the C-type clamping ring Sensing the impact of the tool on the spindle of the machine when the tool is performing a job; and a status detection module that receives the sensing results of the sensor in real time when the tool is performing a job, and detects based on the received sensing results The status of the tool.

Optionally, the above-mentioned tool condition detection system further includes a cable management structure and an electrical cable, and the cable management structure is locked to the C-type clamping ring through the C-type clamping ring locking structure, and the electrical cable The sensor is electrically connected with the state detection module, and the cable management structure is used to arrange the electrical wire.

In addition, the present invention also provides a tool condition detection system. The system is used for a tool machine. The tool machine has a tool spindle. The tool spindle is a cylindrical body and has a tool. The state of the tool is detected, and includes: a C-type clamping ring, which is clamped on the main shaft of the machine and extends around the wall surface of the main shaft of the machine, and has at least one magnetic part; A block, the magnetic block is magnetically attracted to the magnetic portion, and has at least one magnetic block lock structure; at least one sensor, the sensor is locked to the magnetic block through the magnetic block lock structure The magnetic block is used to indirectly sense the influence of the tool on the spindle of the machine when the tool is performing operations via the magnetic block; and a state detection module that receives in real time when the tool performs the operation. The sensing result of the sensor, and the state of the tool is detected according to the received sensing result.

Optionally, in the above-mentioned tool condition detection system, it may further include a first magnetic body and a second magnetic body, the first magnetic body is disposed on the C-shaped clamping ring to form the magnetic part, and the second A magnetic body is disposed on the magnetic body to magnetically attract the magnetic portion.

Optionally, in the above tool state detection system, the at least one magnetic block lock structure is a plurality of magnetic block lock structures, the at least one sensor is a plurality of sensors, and the plurality of sensors respectively pass the plurality of magnets. One of the suction block locking structures is locked to the magnetic block to indirectly sense the main shaft of the machine when the tool is performing a job through the magnetic block in multiple sensing directions, respectively. Impact.

Optionally, the above-mentioned tool condition detection system may further include a cable management structure and an electrical cable, and the at least one magnetic portion is a plurality of magnetic portions, and the cable management structure is magnetically attracted to one of the plurality of magnetic portions. It is fixed on the C-shaped clamping ring, the electrical wire is in electrical communication with the sensor and the status detection module, and the cable management structure is used to arrange the electrical wire.

Further, the present invention also provides a tool condition detection system. The tool condition detection system is used for a tool machine. The tool machine has a machine spindle. The machine spindle is cylindrical and has a tool. The state detection system is used to detect the state of the tool, and includes: a C-type clamping ring, which is clamped on the main shaft of the machine and extends around the wall surface of the main shaft of the machine and has at least one C Type clamping ring locking structure and at least one magnetic part; a magnetic block, the magnetic block being magnetically attracted to the magnetic part, and having at least one magnetic block locking structure; a plurality of sensors, the plurality At least one of the sensors is locked to the C-type clamping ring through the C-type clamping ring locking structure, so as to indirectly sense the impact of the tool on the spindle of the machine when the tool performs a job through the C-type clamping ring. : At least one of the plurality of sensors is locked to the magnetic block by the magnetic block lock structure, so as to indirectly sense the spindle of the machine when the tool performs a job through the magnetic block. Impact; and status Sensing module, the detection module when the status of the job execution tool, sensing results received in real time the plurality of sensors, and detects the state of the tool according to the received sensing result.

Further, the present invention also provides a tool condition detection system. The tool condition detection system is used for a tool machine. The tool machine has a machine spindle. The machine spindle is magnetic and has a tool. The tool status is detected. The system is used to detect the state of the tool, including: a magnetic block, which is magnetically attracted to the main shaft of the machine, and has at least one magnetic block lock structure; at least one sensor, the sensor The magnetic block is locked to the magnetic block by the magnetic block locking structure, so as to indirectly sense the influence of the tool on the spindle of the machine when the tool is performing operations through the magnetic block; and a state detection module, The status detection module receives the sensing result of the sensor in real time when the tool performs a job, and detects the status of the tool accordingly.

Optionally, in the above tool state detection system, the at least one magnetic block lock structure is a plurality of magnetic block lock structures, the at least one sensor is a plurality of sensors, and the plurality of sensors respectively pass the plurality of magnets. One of the sucking block locking structures is provided on the magnetic block to indirectly sense the main shaft of the machine when the tool performs a job through the magnetic block in multiple sensing directions, respectively. Impact.

Optionally, in the above-mentioned tool state detection system, adjacent ones of the plurality of sensing directions have a vertical orthogonal relationship; the magnetically attracted block is a rectangular block.

In addition, the present invention also provides a tool condition detection system. The tool condition detection system is used for a tool machine. The tool machine has a tool spindle. The tool spindle is a cylindrical body and has a tool. The detection system is used to detect the state of the tool, and includes: a C-shaped clamping ring, which is clamped on the main shaft of the machine and extends around the shaft wall surface of the main shaft of the machine; The tandem block is serially connected to the C-shaped clamping ring, so that the tandem block is combined with the C-shaped clamping ring and cannot be relatively rotated, and the tandem block has at least one tandem block Body lock structure; at least one sensor, the sensor is locked to the tandem block through the tandem block lock structure to indirectly sense the tool to the machine when the tool is performing a job through the tandem block. The impact caused by the spindle; and a state detection module that receives the sensing results of the sensor in real time when the tool is performing a job, and detects the state of the tool based on the received sensing results.

Optionally, in the above-mentioned tool state detection system, the at least one sensor is a sensor, and the sensor can indirectly sense the influence of the tool on the spindle of the machine when the tool is performing operations in multiple sensing directions.

Optionally, the above-mentioned tool condition detection system may further include a good product feature space model building module, wherein the sensor senses the impact of the tool on the machine spindle when the tool performs a job, and then generates time-domain information of the sensing result. The time-domain information of the sensing result includes the time-domain information of the good-quality sensing result, and the time-domain information of the good-quality sensing result is generated by the sensor sensing the influence of the tool that belongs to the good-quality on the tool spindle when the job is performed. ; The good-quality feature space model building module performs time-domain and frequency-domain conversion processing on the good-quality sensing result time-domain information to obtain good-quality sensing result frequency-domain information, and the representative of the good-quality sensing result frequency-domain information is collected. The main good quality characteristics of the performance are used to establish a good product feature space model in the second frequency domain space; and the state detection module performs time-domain and frequency-domain conversion processing on the time-domain information of the sensing result when the tool executes the operation to The first sensing result frequency domain information is obtained in the first frequency domain space, and the first sensing result frequency domain information is passed through the good product feature space model. Obtaining the second sensing result frequency domain information in the second frequency domain space, and then passing the second sensing result frequency domain information through the good product feature space model to obtain a third sensing result frequency domain in the first frequency domain space Information, and then, by comparing the difference between the first sensing result frequency domain information and the third sensing result frequency domain information, a tool status indicator is generated for real-time detection of the status of the tool.

Optionally, in the above-mentioned tool condition detection system, the representative main good features in the frequency domain information of the good product sensing result are obtained from the frequency multiplier defined by the rotation speed of the tool performing the operation.

Optionally, in the above tool condition detection system, the main good quality feature is represented in the second frequency domain space as a main good quality feature in a second frequency domain, and the second frequency domain space has an orthogonal relationship between the main axis and the minor Axis, the projection of the main good features of the second frequency domain on the main axis is distributed in the first interval range, and the projection of the main good features of the second frequency domain on the secondary axis is distributed in the second interval range, where the first interval The range is greater than the range of the second interval, so that the main good product characteristic of the second frequency domain is more obvious on the main axis than the secondary axis, so that the frequency domain information of the good product sensing result can be in the second frequency domain space according to the main axis. Establish the good product feature space model.

Optionally, in the above tool state detection system, the representative product of the second frequency domain main good product feature is retained in the good product feature space model, and the representative representative of the second frequency domain main good product feature is deleted.

In summary, the tool condition detection system provided by the present invention can be used on the tool machine without changing the mechanism design of the tool machine through auxiliary tools such as C-shaped clamping rings or magnetic blocks. A sensor is set on the spindle of the machine, and the vibration signal generated by contacting the tool with the workpiece during operation is used as the observation and detection data. To solve the general tool condition detection, it is necessary to interrupt the processing program to offline detection and so on, so there is no need to spend extra Time to detect the status of the tool can reduce the cost of detecting the status of the tool.

Furthermore, by sensing the impact of the tool on the machine spindle during the execution of the job, the time-domain information of the sensing result is generated in real time, and the good-quality feature space model is used to perform time-domain and frequency-domain analysis on the time-domain information of the sensing result. The conversion process obtains the first sensing result frequency domain information and the third sensing result frequency domain information in the first frequency domain space, and performs the first sensing result frequency domain information and the third sensing result frequency domain information. Comparison of differences, real-time detection of the use status of the tool, whereby the present application can detect the use status of the tool at any time during the processing, without the need to spend extra time to perform the detection, which can reduce the detection cost of the tool. In addition, the accuracy of the detection result of the tool use state obtained by the present invention is high, which can effectively improve the use efficiency of the tool and improve the processing quality of the workpiece.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing a first implementation state of a tool condition detection system of the present invention; FIG.

1B is an exploded view showing a part of the components shown in FIG. 1A;

2A is a schematic diagram showing a second implementation state of the tool condition detection system of the present invention;

2B is an exploded view showing a part of the components shown in FIG. 2A;

2C is an exploded view showing a part of the components shown in FIG. 2B;

3A is a schematic diagram showing a third implementation state of the tool condition detection system of the present invention;

3B is an exploded view showing a part of the components shown in FIG. 3A;

FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the tool condition detection system of the present invention; FIG.

4B is an exploded view showing a part of the components shown in FIG. 4A;

5A is a schematic diagram showing a fifth implementation state of the tool condition detection system of the present invention;

FIG. 5B is a coupling diagram showing some components shown in FIG. 5A; FIG.

6 is a schematic diagram showing a C-shaped clamping ring of the present invention;

7 is a plan view showing a C-shaped clamping ring shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of a magnetic block body according to the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the magnetic block body of the present invention; FIG.

10A is a schematic diagram showing a first architecture of a tool condition detection system according to the present invention;

10B is a schematic diagram showing an application architecture of the tool condition detection system shown in FIG. 10A;

FIG. 10C is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the tool of FIG. 10B on the spindle of the machine when performing a job; FIG.

11A is a schematic diagram showing a second architecture of a tool condition detection system according to the present invention;

11B is a schematic diagram showing an application architecture of the tool condition detection system shown in FIG. 11A; and

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a basic flow of a tool state detection method according to the present invention.

detailed description

The following content will be used to describe the technical content of the present invention through specific embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The invention can also be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the invention. In particular, the proportional relationships and relative positions of the various components in the drawings are only exemplary, and do not represent the actual status of the implementation of the present invention.

The tool condition detection system provided by the present invention has an auxiliary device that can be used to combine a sensor with a tool table, and can also cause the tool spindle to be caused by the tool to perform a job without changing the mechanism design of the tool table. The tool's unusable state is detected in real time by the influence of the invention, thereby, the present invention can detect the unusable state of the tool in real time during the processing of the machine tool, so as to solve the detection of the unusable state of the general tool. Machine inspection and other problems, because the tool status can be detected without interrupting the machining program, so the cost of tool inspection can be greatly reduced. In addition, the present invention can detect the state of the tool in real time, so it can improve the use efficiency of the tool, and avoid using a tool in a poor state (that is, unusable) to execute a machining program on the workpiece, thereby improving the machining quality of the workpiece.

Furthermore, the present invention mainly uses the state of the initial (normal) processing program as the comparison difference target, and then repeatedly executes the same processing program, and outputs a single comparison index in real time during the processing process to determine whether the processing program is The basis is different from the normal state, so that it can be judged in real time whether the tool has an abnormal state. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to the state detection of a tool that repeatedly executes the same single processing program on a production line. Furthermore, it should be noted that the above comparison index can also be extended to be used for real-time monitoring of abnormal state warnings or judgment of tool quality.

In other words, when the device repeatedly executes the same operation program, the present invention uses the normal operation state as the comparison difference target, and then the device repeatedly executes the same operation program and outputs a single comparison index in real time during the operation as a judgment device. The basis is different from the normal operation state to detect in real time whether the use status of the equipment is abnormal. Therefore, the present invention can also be extended to equipment state detection in fields such as robotic arms, robots, automated machines, motors, wind turbines, engines, engines (automobiles, airplanes), and the like.

For the disclosure of the present invention, please refer to FIGS. 1A to 12 in the drawings of the present invention.

The tool condition detection system of the present invention is applied to a tool machine to detect the state of the tool of the tool spindle of the tool machine, thereby avoiding a machining program of a workpiece with a tool in a poor state (that is, unusable), thereby improving the workpiece Processing quality. As shown in FIG. 10B and FIG. 10C, the tool table 2 has a table spindle 21, and the tool 22 is mounted on the table spindle 21 and can be rotated by the table spindle 21 (as shown in FIG. 1A) to The workpiece 23 performs a cutting operation. The cutter 22 is, for example, a cutter 22 for performing a rotary cutting operation (that is, as shown in FIG. 1A), but is not limited thereto, and may also be a cutter 22 for performing a reciprocating linear cutting operation. Therefore, the tool condition detection system 1 of the present invention can be used for a tool machine 2 to measure in real time whether the tool 22 is in a state different from normal (that is, unusable) during a machining process such as cutting or milling. The so-called tool 22 is different The normal state may be, for example, a tool abnormal state such as tool wear, broken tool, or blade wear.

As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1B, the tool condition detection system 1 includes a C-shaped clamping ring 14, a plurality of sensors 11, a status detection module 13, a cable management structure 15, and an electrical wire 16. The C-shaped clamping ring 14 is made of a metal material, so that it can be elastically clamped on the main shaft 21 of the machine and extend around and close to the shaft wall surface of the main shaft 21 of the machine. The effect is also transmitted to the C-shaped clamping ring 14. It should also be noted that, as shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 1B, two ends of the C-shaped clamping ring 14 may be additionally provided with, for example, screw holes in the coupling structures 143 and 144. The two ends of the C-shaped clamping ring 14 are combined to ensure that the C-shaped clamping ring 14 is elastically clamped on the machine spindle 21.

The sensor 11 may be, for example, at least one of an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, a stress sensor, and a voltage sensor, but is not limited thereto. Other types may be used to sense that the cutter 22 performs a spindle 21 on the machine tool when performing a job. Various types of sensors can be applied to the present invention. In the present invention, the sensor 11 is optionally disposed on the machine spindle 21 and does not make direct contact with the tool 22 to avoid damage, so as to indirectly sense the impact of the tool 22 on the machine spindle 21 when performing the operation. In this way, the time-domain information of the sensing result is generated, thereby indirectly sensing the use status of the cutter 22.

In the present invention, the C-shaped clamping ring 14 has a plurality of C-shaped clamping ring lock structures 141 such as screw holes. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 1B, the sensor 11 is locked to the C-shaped clamping ring 14 through the C-shaped clamping ring locking structure 141. As the tool 22 performs work on the machine spindle 21, for example, The influence of vibration is also transmitted to the C-shaped clamping ring 14. Therefore, the sensor 11 can indirectly sense the influence of the tool 22 on the machine tool spindle 21 when the tool 22 performs a work via the C-shaped clamping ring 14. The state detection module 13 is made of a circuit component, and can electrically communicate with the sensor 11 through the electric wire 16 to receive the sensing result of the sensor 11 in real time when the tool 22 is performing a job, and thereby detect whether the tool 22 is in a Used status.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C, the tool state detection system 1 of the present invention may further include a first magnetic body 181, a second magnetic body 182, and a magnetic body 17 as shown in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 8, the magnetic block 17 may be a rectangular block, but the shape may be changed as required. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic block 17 may be a block having a trapezoidal cross section. Shape. The first magnetic body 181 and the second magnetic body 182 are, for example, magnets. The first magnetic body 181 may be disposed on the C-shaped clamping ring 14 to form a magnetic portion 142, and the second magnetic body 182 is disposed on the magnetic body. The suction block 17 is used to magnetically attract the magnetic part 142 of the C-shaped clamping ring 14, so that the impact of the tool 22 on the spindle 21 of the machine when the work is performed, for example, is also transmitted to the C-shaped clamping ring in order. 14 与 MAGNETIC BLOCK 17

As shown in FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C, the magnetic block 17 has a plurality of magnetic block lock structures 171, and one of the plurality of sensors 11 is locked to the C-clip by a C-shaped clamp ring lock structure 141 The holding ring 14 is used to indirectly sense the influence of the tool 22 on the machine tool spindle 21 during the operation of the tool 22 through the C-shaped clamping ring 14 in the X-axis direction. In addition, two of the plurality of sensors 11 are locked to the magnetic block 17 through the magnetic block lock structure 171 to indirectly sense the tool through the magnetic block 17 in the Y and Z axial directions, respectively. 22 The impact on the machine spindle 21 when the job is performed. Therefore, in the present invention, the plurality of sensors 11 can indirectly sense the impact of the tool 22 on the machine tool spindle 21 in the multiple (at least three) sensing directions, so that the three sensing directions are as shown in FIG. The X, Y, and Z axes having a vertical orthogonal relationship between two adjacent ones shown in 2A to 2C. Of course, the plurality of sensors 11 may also be replaced by a sensor 11 that can indirectly sense the impact of the tool spindle 21 on the tool 22 when the tool 22 performs a job in multiple sensing directions. In this way, the tool condition detection system of the present invention can be reduced. The number of sensors 11 required.

In addition, it should be noted that since the influence of the tool 22 on the machine spindle 21 will be transmitted to the C-shaped clamping ring 14 and the magnetic block 17 in sequence, the plurality of sensors 11 can be respectively passed through the C-shaped The clamping ring 14 and the magnetic block 17 indirectly sense the influence of the tool 22 on the machine spindle 21 when performing the operation, that is, the plurality of sensors 11 can be respectively installed on the C-shaped clamping ring 14 or magnetic suction as appropriate.块 体 17。 Block body 17.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5B, the tool condition detection system 1 of the present invention may be provided with a tandem block 19 having at least one tandem block lock structure 191. . The tandem block locking structure 191 can provide the sensor 11 to be locked to the tandem block 19. The tandem block 19 can be connected in series to the C-shaped clamping ring 14 by, for example, magnetic attraction, screwing, snapping, bolting and / or tenoning, so that the tandem block 19 and the C-shaped holder are clamped. The ring 14 is combined and cannot be rotated relatively, thereby ensuring that the relative position of the sensor 11 on the block 19 and the C-shaped clamping ring 14 is fixed. In this way, the tool 22 causes, for example, vibration on the spindle 21 of the machine during the operation It will be indirectly transmitted to the tandem block 19 through the C-shaped clamping ring 14, so that the sensor 11 can indirectly sense the impact on the machine tool spindle 21 when the tool 22 performs a job via the tandem block 19.

As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1B, the cable management structure 15 is made by bending a sheet metal material, and is locked to the C-type clamping ring 14 through a C-type clamping ring locking structure 141 for organizing electrical properties. The wire 16 is used to prevent the electric wire 16 from being accidentally entangled and damaged during the operation of the cutter 22. Of course, without being limited to this, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4B, the cable management structure 15 can also be magnetically attracted to one of the plurality of magnetic portions 142 of the C-shaped clamping ring 14, so that the cable management structure 15 It is fixed on the C-shaped clamping ring 14 to provide finishing for the electric wire 16. Further, optionally, the cable management structure 15 can also be fixed to the above-mentioned series block 19 to provide finishing for the electric wire 16.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3A to FIG. 3B, the tool condition detection system 1 of the present invention may also choose to directly magnetically attract the magnetic block 17 without magnetically passing through the C-shaped clamping ring 14. The machine spindle 21 allows the sensor 11 to indirectly sense the influence of the tool 22 on the machine spindle 21 during the operation of the tool 22 via the magnetic block 17, thereby omitting the setting of the C-shaped clamping ring 14.

It should also be noted that, when the tool 22 is initially used, it should be a good product because of its low degree of wear. Therefore, the present invention can indirectly sense the tool 22 that is a good product by the sensor 11 when performing the initial cutting operation. The influence caused by the table spindle 21 generates time-domain information of the sensing result in the time domain as the good-quality sensing result time-domain information belonging to the tool 22. More specifically, the present invention can also indirectly sense in each axial direction of the machine spindle 21 (eg, X, Y, Z axes) or in each physical direction of the machine spindle 21 through the additional plural sensors 11. The influence of the cutter 22 belonging to the good product on the machine spindle 21, thereby generating more complete and accurate time domain information of the good product sensing result.

Then, please refer to FIG. 10B. The sensor 11 of the present invention is in electrical communication with the sensor interface circuit and the signal processor 3 through the electrical wire 16; at the same time, the sensor interface circuit and the signal processor 3 are also electrically connected to the computer 4 through the electrical wire 16 The sensor is connected to the sensor, so that the time-domain information of the sensing result generated by the sensor 11 is processed and transmitted to the computer 4 to detect the received time-domain information of the sensing result by the computer 4 executing a default calculation formula and calculation flow. Processing to judge the current useable state of the cutter 22 based on this (please describe in detail later).

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of illustration:

As shown in FIG. 10C, the sensor 11 is an acceleration sensor (i.e., an accelerometer) provided on the machine spindle 21. When the machine spindle 21 drives the tool 22 to rotate to perform a cutting operation on the workpiece 23, the tool 22 will be cut by the workpiece 23. Vibration occurs due to the resistance, so the machine spindle 21 that drives the tool 22 will also be affected and vibrate accordingly. In this case, the sensor 11 (acceleration gauge) provided on the machine spindle 21 can be borrowed. The vibration acceleration signal waveform of the current state of the machine spindle 21 is collected in the time domain to indirectly sense the physical parameters of the vibration of the tool 22. In this way, the subsequent selection of the complex vibration waveform in the collected vibration acceleration signal waveform can be used for sensing. Result time domain information. As shown in the following table 1, the box circle is selected, that is, one of the complex sections in the complex vibration acceleration signal waveform:

Then, the generated time-domain information of the sensing result can be converted into frequency-domain information by using a Fourier transform (FFT) for each section of the vibration acceleration signal waveform collected in the time-domain, and the vibration is expanded in the frequency domain. The frequency components of each segment in the acceleration signal waveform are shown in Table 2 below. Due to the resonance effect, in the frequency component of each section of the frequency domain expansion, a large number of data will obviously appear near the multiple of the tool rotation frequency f (that is, 1f, 2f, 3f, ... shown in Table 2 below). These data values can be used to determine the trend that affects the spindle 21 of the machine when the tool is performing a job. However, it should be noted that, because the preset speed and actual value of the rotation speed of the tool 22 during cutting are often different, in actual applications, the data value of a certain multiplier can be retrieved according to the difference in rotation speed. The data value is acquired within an allowable error range on the certain frequency multiplier, and the maximum data value obtained within the allowable error range is used as the data value of the certain frequency multiplier.

Next, take the data value of the frequency multiplier (1f, 2f, 3f ...) of the tool speed f in the frequency components expanded in Table 2 above as the detection observation variable term, and the i-th data can be expressed as:

Among them, xi represents the frequency component of the i-th section in the vibration acceleration signal waveform; x1i represents the data value of the frequency multiplication 1f of the i-th section in the vibration acceleration signal waveform (dimension 1: observation variable term 1); x2i represents the vibration acceleration signal waveform The data value of the frequency multiplication 2f in the i-th section (dimension 2: observation variable term 2); xpi represents the data value of the frequency multiplication pf of the i-th section in the vibration acceleration signal waveform (dimension p: observation variable term p).

Referring to FIG. 11A, the tool condition detection system 1 of the present invention may optionally add a good product feature space model building module 12. The good-quality feature space model building module 12 is configured to perform time-domain and frequency-domain conversion processing on the good-quality sensing result time-domain information generated by the sensor 11 to obtain, for example, good-quality sensing result frequency-domain information in a first frequency-domain space. The representative main good product features in the frequency domain information of the good product sensing result are collected to establish, for example, a good product feature space model in the second frequency domain space.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the representative good quality feature in the frequency domain information of the good product sensing result is a multiplier defined by the rotation speed of the cutting operation performed by the tool 22 (such as 1f, 2f in Table 2, 3f ... pf).

In an embodiment of the present invention, the difference comparison model establishment calculation concept of the good product feature space model establishment module 12 is as follows:

The X shown below represents a matrix of p × n dimension, which is n (good) measurement data containing p observation variable items:

Among them, [xi1 xi2 ... xin] is the observation variable term i (i = 1 ～ p); and xi shown below represents the i-th data of the X matrix:

Shown below

Mean of all data for the j-th observation variable

The D shown below represents a matrix of p × n dimension. It is n (good) measurement data containing p observation variable items, and the data is the average value of the observation variable data after deduction:

Among them, di shown below represents the i-th data of the matrix D:

In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the main good quality feature is represented in the second frequency domain space as a main good quality feature in a second frequency domain, wherein the second frequency domain space has an orthogonal relationship between the main axis and the secondary axis. Main axis, and the projection of the main good quality feature in the second frequency domain on the main axis is distributed in the first interval range, and the projection of the main good quality feature in the second frequency domain on the secondary axis is distributed in the second interval range, where the first An interval range is larger than the second interval range, so that the main good product characteristic of the second frequency domain is more obvious on the main axis than the secondary axis, so that the frequency domain information of the good product sensing result can be in the second frequency domain space. The main axis is used to establish the good product feature space model.

Take two-dimensional space as an example:

Among them, x1 is the first initial axis representing the main good features of the second frequency domain in the second frequency domain; x2 is the second initial axis representing the main good features of the second frequency domain in the second frequency domain; z1 is the first initial axis The main axis representing the main good features in the second frequency domain in the second frequency domain; z2 is the minor axis representing the main good features in the second frequency domain in the second frequency domain.

The T shown below represents the transformation matrix. The matrix D is transformed into the new frequency domain space by the transformation matrix represented by T, which can be expressed as: Z = TD. T shown below represents a matrix of p × p dimensions:

Z shown below represents a matrix of p × p dimension, which is the result of transformation by matrix D through transformation matrix T:

Among them, [zi1 zi2 ... zin] is the observation variable term i (i = 1 ～ p); and zi shown below represents the i-th data of the matrix Z:

Preferably, the representative product in the second frequency domain main good product feature is retained in the good product feature space model, and the representative product in the second frequency domain main good product feature is deleted. Specifically, the good product feature space model building module 12 adopts a method for establishing a difference comparison model matrix that converges multiple variations (observed variables), and uses a transformation matrix that transforms the spatial dimension direction and removes the dimension direction with a small variation amount as the difference comparison model. The matrix (that is, the good feature space model) is as follows:

In the new dimension space, the variation amount Var1, Var2, ..., Varp of the matrix Z is calculated in the axial direction of each dimension, where: the variation amount Var1 of the matrix Z in the direction of the new dimension 1 can be expressed; (z ₁₁ , z ₁₂ , ..., z _1n ]) Var2 in the direction of the new dimension 2 can be represented by Var ([z ₂₁ , z ₂₂ , ..., z _2n ]); the matrix Z is in the new dimension p Varp in the direction can be represented by Var ([z _p1 , z _p2 , ..., z _pn ]);

The Var values S, Var1, Var2, ..., Varp are sorted as follows:

The following formula demonstrates that according to the percentage q% of the total variation of the data, the information in the k-dimensional axes is selected to be retained, that is, the non-representative ones of the main good features in the second frequency domain are deleted, and the second The representative of the main good quality features in the frequency domain makes the transformation matrix T a difference comparison model matrix M, so as to serve as the good feature space model of the present invention:

Among them, the following difference comparison model matrix M is a k × p matrix:

The state detection module 13 is configured to perform time-domain and frequency-domain conversion processing of the sensing result time-domain information in real time when the tool 22 executes a job, so as to obtain first sensing result frequency-domain information in a first frequency-domain space. The first sensing result frequency domain information is obtained by using the good product feature space model to obtain the second sensing result frequency domain information in the second frequency domain space, and then the second sensing result frequency domain information is used by the good product. The feature space model obtains frequency domain information of the third sensing result in the first frequency domain space, and then compares the difference between the frequency domain information of the first sensing result and the frequency domain information of the third sensing result, thereby generating The tool status indicator detects the status of the tool 22 in real time. In this embodiment, the state detection module 22 is used to implement a real-time difference comparison index calculator system, that is, only one set of data is collected at a time, and this data is converted to a new dimensional space through the difference comparison model matrix and reused. The transpose matrix of the difference comparison model matrix is transferred back to the original dimensional space, and the degree of difference between the data before and after conversion is used as a tool state indicator (ie, the difference comparison indicator) to detect the state of the tool 22 in real time. Details will be described later with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 10.

FIGS. 11A and 11B are schematic diagrams showing the architecture of the second embodiment of the tool condition detection system of the present invention. The tool condition detection system 1 in this embodiment is different from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 10B in the tool condition. The detection system 1 is used for sensing the working environment where the tool machine 2 is located, so as to indirectly detect the state of the tool performing the work in the working environment.

Please refer to FIG. 10B. In this embodiment, the sensor 11 is disposed in the working environment where the tool machine 2 is located, and does not contact the machine spindle 21, and is used to sense the work environment caused by the tool 22 when performing the operation. Influence to generate the time-domain information of the sensing result. In this embodiment, the sensor 11 may be, for example, a non-contact sensor such as a sound sensor, a light sensor, or a color sensor, but is not limited thereto. Other types may be used to sense the working environment caused by the cutter 22 during the cutting operation. Various types of sensors (including contact and non-contact sensors) can be applied to this case. In addition, for the basic operation principle of the good-quality feature space model building module 12 and the state detection module 13 in this embodiment, please refer to the description of the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein.

Please refer to FIG. 12, which is a schematic diagram showing a basic flow of the tool condition detection method of the present invention. The tool condition detection method of the present invention is used on a tool machine to detect the state of the tool of the spindle of the machine tool that performs a job in an operating environment. The detailed description of the operation process is as follows:

Step S31: sensing the influence of the tool on the machine spindle or the working environment during the execution of the job, thereby generating time-domain information of the sensing result. In this embodiment, when the tool is in the initial use state (that is, the tool is in a good state) Time), the sensor 11 senses the impact of the tool 22 belonging to the good product on the machine spindle 21, thereby generating time-domain information of the sensing result in the time domain, as the time-domain information of the good product sensing result, that is, It is said that the time domain information of the good product sensing result is generated by the sensor sensing the influence of the tool belonging to the good product on the machine spindle or the working environment when performing a job.

Step S32: Perform time-domain and frequency-domain conversion processing on the good-quality sensing result time-domain information to obtain good-quality sensing result frequency-domain information, and collect representative main good-quality features in the good-quality sensing result frequency-domain information. To build a good product feature space model in the second frequency domain space. Specifically, according to the concept of establishing a difference comparison model executed by the above-mentioned good feature space model building module, a difference comparison model matrix M as shown below can be obtained as the above-mentioned good feature space model:

(Difference comparison model matrix M)

Step S33: When the tool executes a job, the time-domain and frequency-domain conversion processing of the sensing result time-domain information is performed in real time to obtain the first sensing result frequency-domain information d in the first frequency-domain space as shown below. .

In step S34, the first sensing result frequency domain information d is obtained by using the good product feature space model M to obtain the second sensing result frequency domain information y as shown below in the second frequency domain space.

That is, the difference comparison model matrix M is used to convert d generated in step S33 to a new observation variable y.

In step S35, the second sensing result frequency domain information y is obtained by transposing the good feature space model (difference comparison model matrix) MT to obtain the third sensing result frequency domain information in the first frequency domain space.

That is, the transposed difference comparison model matrix MT is used to convert y to

The details are as follows:

Step S36, using the first sensing result frequency domain information d and the third sensing result frequency domain information

The difference comparison is generated, and the difference comparison index is generated as the tool status index fd to detect the status of the tool in real time, as follows:

Among them, fd is a tool status indicator, and a larger value of fd indicates a larger difference from the original standard (good product feature space model) data group, which indicates that the status of the tool does not match the good product characteristics and there may be abnormal conditions.

In addition, it should be noted that during the operation of the tool condition detection system of the present invention, if more signals are collected and multiple sets of tool status indicators fd are generated, the tool status detection system of the present invention will take multiple sets of tool status indicators fd Median, that is to say, the generated multiple sets of tool status indicators fd are sorted by high and low to find a tool status indicator fd in the middle as a representative, thereby reducing long-term trend judgments that are disturbed by the sharp changes in the data of the tool status pointer fd The risk of affecting the accuracy of the judgment.

In summary, the tool condition detection system of the present invention uses a C-type clamping ring or a magnetic block to provide sensors on the tool spindle of the tool machine, and uses the tool to retrieve the tool and the workpiece during operation. The vibration signal generated by the contact is used as observation and inspection data, so as to solve the problems of general tool state detection, such as interrupting the machining program to perform offline detection, etc., so no extra time is needed to detect the state of the tool, which can reduce the state of the tool. Testing costs.

Furthermore, by establishing a specific detection method mechanism, a difference comparison model is found from multiple comparison features as a good feature space model, and the difference comparison model is used to calculate the data collected in real time during processing. A single difference comparison index is used as an indicator of the tool status to determine whether the use status of the tool is consistent with good product characteristics. This not only allows comparison and determination at any time during the processing process, but also has a high accuracy of detection results, which can effectively improve the tool. Use efficiency and improve the processing quality of the workpiece.

The above-mentioned embodiment only expresses several implementation manners of the present invention / utility model, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of the invention / utility patent. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention / utility model, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention / utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention / utility model patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A tool condition detection system, characterized in that the tool condition detection system is used for a tool machine, the tool machine has a machine spindle, and the machine spindle is a cylindrical body and has a tool, wherein: A tool state detection system is used to detect the state of the tool and includes:

   C-type clamping ring, which is clamped on the main shaft of the machine and extends around the shaft wall surface of the main shaft of the machine, and has at least a C-type clamping ring lock structure;

   At least one sensor, which is locked to the C-type clamping ring through the C-type clamping ring locking structure, so as to indirectly sense the position of the tool when the tool performs a job through the C-type clamping ring. Describe the effects of the machine's spindle; and

   A state detection module that receives the sensing result of the sensor in real time when the tool is performing a job, and detects the state of the tool accordingly.
2. The tool condition detection system according to claim 1, further comprising a cable management structure and an electric wire, the cable management structure being locked to the C type through the C type clamping ring locking structure. A clamping ring, the electrical wire electrically connects the sensor and the state detection module, and the cable management structure is used for arranging the electrical wire.
3. A tool condition detection system, characterized in that the tool condition detection system is used for a tool machine, the tool machine has a machine spindle, and the machine spindle is a cylindrical body and has a tool, wherein: A tool state detection system is used to detect the state of the tool and includes:

   A C-shaped clamping ring, which is clamped on the main shaft of the machine and extends around the shaft wall surface of the main shaft of the machine and has at least one magnetic part;

   A magnetic block, the magnetic block being magnetically attracted to the magnetic part, and having at least one magnetic block blocking structure;

   At least one sensor, which is locked to the magnetic block through the magnetic block lock structure to indirectly sense the position of the tool when the tool performs a job via the magnetic block. Describe the effects of the machine's spindle; and

   A state detection module that receives the sensing result of the sensor in real time when the tool is performing a job, and detects the state of the tool accordingly.
4. The tool condition detection system according to claim 3, further comprising a first magnetic body and a second magnetic body, wherein the first magnetic body is disposed on the C-shaped clamping ring to form the C-shaped clamping ring. In the magnetic part, the second magnetic body is disposed on the magnetic block body to magnetically attract the magnetic part.
5. The tool condition detection system according to claim 3, wherein the at least one magnetic block locking structure is a plurality of magnetic block locking structures, the at least one sensor is a plurality of sensors, and A plurality of sensors are respectively locked to the magnetic block by one of the multiple magnetic block blocking structures, so as to indirectly sense in multiple sensing directions through the magnetic block, respectively. The impact of the tool on the spindle of the machine when the tool is performing a job.
6. The tool condition detection system according to claim 3, further comprising a cable management structure and an electrical wire, and the at least one magnetic portion is a plurality of magnetic portions, and the cable management structure is magnetically attracted to the plurality of magnetic properties. One of the parts is fixed to the C-shaped clamping ring, the electrical wire electrically connects the sensor and the state detection module, and the cable management structure is used to organize the electrical wire.
7. A tool condition detection system, characterized in that the tool condition detection system is used for a tool machine, the tool machine has a machine spindle, and the machine spindle is a cylindrical body and has a tool, wherein: A tool state detection system is used to detect the state of the tool and includes:

   C-type clamping ring, the C-type clamping ring is clamped on the machine spindle, and extends around the shaft wall surface of the machine spindle, and has at least one C-type clamping ring lock structure and at least one magnetic property. unit;

   A magnetic block, the magnetic block being magnetically attracted to the magnetic part, and having at least one magnetic block blocking structure;

   A plurality of sensors, at least one of which is locked to the C-shaped clamping ring through the C-shaped clamping ring locking structure to indirectly sense the execution of the tool via the C-shaped clamping ring Impact on the spindle of the machine during operation: at least one of the plurality of sensors is locked to the magnetic block by the magnetic block lock structure to pass through the magnetic block The shape body indirectly senses the impact on the machine spindle when the tool performs a job; and

   A state detection module that receives the sensing results of the plurality of sensors in real time when the tool performs a job, and detects the state of the tool accordingly.
8. A tool condition detection system, characterized in that the tool condition detection system is used for a tool machine, the tool machine has a machine spindle, and the machine spindle is magnetic and has a tool, wherein the tool status The detection system is used to detect the state of the tool, including:

   A magnetic block, which is magnetically attracted to the main shaft of the machine and has at least one magnetic block lock structure;

   At least one sensor, which is locked to the magnetic block through the magnetic block lock structure to indirectly sense the position of the tool when the tool performs a job via the magnetic block. Describe the effects of the machine's spindle; and

   A state detection module that receives the sensing result of the sensor in real time when the tool is performing a job, and detects the state of the tool accordingly.
9. The tool condition detection system according to claim 8, wherein the at least one magnetic block locking structure is a plurality of magnetic block locking structures, the at least one sensor is a plurality of sensors, and A plurality of sensors are respectively provided on the magnetic block body through one of the plurality of magnetic block body lock structures, so as to indirectly sense the positions in a plurality of sensing directions through the magnetic block body, respectively. The influence of the tool on the spindle of the machine when the tool performs the operation.
10. The tool status detection system according to claim 5 or 9, wherein adjacent ones of the plurality of sensing directions have a vertical orthogonal relationship.
11. A tool condition detection system, characterized in that the tool condition detection system is used for a tool machine, the tool machine has a machine spindle, and the machine spindle is a cylindrical body and has a tool, wherein: A tool state detection system is used to detect the state of the tool and includes:

    C-type clamping ring, the C-type clamping ring is clamped on the spindle of the machine, and extends around the shaft wall surface of the spindle of the machine;

    The tandem block is connected in series to the C-shaped clamping ring, so that the tandem block is combined with the C-shaped clamping ring and cannot be relatively rotated, and the string The connecting block has at least one tandem block locking structure;

    At least one sensor, which is locked to the tandem block through the tandem block lock structure to indirectly sense, through the tandem block, the position of the tool when performing the operation. Describe the effects of the machine's spindle; and

    A state detection module that receives the sensing result of the sensor in real time when the tool is performing a job, and detects the state of the tool accordingly.
12. The tool status detection system according to claim 1, 3, 7, 8, or 11, wherein the at least one sensor is a sensor, and the sensor can indirectly sense the tool in multiple sensing directions. The effect on the spindle of the machine when performing a job.
13. The tool state detection system according to claim 1, 3, 7, 8 or 11, further comprising a good product feature space model building module, wherein:

    The sensor senses the influence of the tool on the spindle of the machine when the tool is performing a job, thereby generating time-domain information of the sensing result, the time-domain information of the sensing result including time-domain information of the good product The time-domain information of the sensing result is generated by the sensor sensing the impact on the machine tool spindle when the tool belonging to the good product performs a job;

    The good-quality feature space model building module performs time-domain and frequency-domain conversion processing on the good-quality sensing result time-domain information to obtain good-quality sensing result frequency-domain information, and collects the good-quality sensing result frequency-domain information. Representative main good quality features to build a good quality feature space model in the second frequency domain space; and

    The state detection module performs time-domain and frequency-domain conversion processing on the sensing result time-domain information when the tool executes a job to obtain first sensing result frequency-domain information in a first frequency-domain space, and The frequency domain information of the first sensing result passes the good feature space model to obtain the frequency domain information of the second sensing result in the second frequency domain space, and then the frequency domain information of the second sensing result is passed The good product feature space model obtains the frequency domain information of the third sensing result in the first frequency domain space, and then uses the frequency domain information of the first sensing result and the frequency domain information of the third sensing result. The difference is compared to generate a tool status indicator for detecting the status of the tool in real time.

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