WO2020010528A1 - Dispositif de régulation d'humidité de croissance végétale et système de croissance végétale utilisant le dispositif de régulation - Google Patents

Dispositif de régulation d'humidité de croissance végétale et système de croissance végétale utilisant le dispositif de régulation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020010528A1
WO2020010528A1 PCT/CN2018/095195 CN2018095195W WO2020010528A1 WO 2020010528 A1 WO2020010528 A1 WO 2020010528A1 CN 2018095195 W CN2018095195 W CN 2018095195W WO 2020010528 A1 WO2020010528 A1 WO 2020010528A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
moisture
plant
layer
root
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PCT/CN2018/095195
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李绍才
李付斌
孙海龙
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四川三合坡面科技有限公司
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Application filed by 四川三合坡面科技有限公司 filed Critical 四川三合坡面科技有限公司
Priority to CN201880002371.XA priority Critical patent/CN109688800B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/095195 priority patent/WO2020010528A1/fr
Publication of WO2020010528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020010528A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a moisture controller for growing plants and a plant planting system using the controller, in particular to a planting system and structure for planting, ecological restoration and landscape greening based on moisture, temperature, and plant control.
  • Artificial plant ecosystem refers to an ecosystem that is constructed and maintained by plants based on natural or unnatural ecosystems in accordance with certain human or certain needs.
  • the construction of an artificial plant ecosystem is performed by constructing equipment capable of regulating and cultivating plants.
  • the construction of plant ecosystems based on non-natural ecosystems is mainly to use relevant artificial equipment to mimic the growth environment of plants in the natural state, so that plants can grow in this system and maintain the cycle operation of the system. This is true of the plant growth system on the extraterrestrial space station.
  • P. Zabel and his collaborators summarized more than 20 types of space plant growth systems (P. Zabel, M. Bamsey, D. Schubert, M. Tajmar, Review and Analysis) that have been studied by humans for more than 40 years.
  • CN 103098674B realized the temperature control of plant growth factors by setting up a light source detection system, an artificial light source system, a shading system, a carbon dioxide system, an oxygen system, an irrigation water system, a temperature system, a humidity system, and a central control system. Plant growth efficiency and quality.
  • CN103098665B sets artificial light source control system, carbon dioxide supply system, oxygen supply system, temperature control system, nutrition irrigation system, humidity control system, rhythm and rhythm playing system and central control system, and adopts more accurate The control of the operation mode of each system has improved the photosynthesis utilization rate of plants, shortened the nursery time, and achieved the technical effect without pesticide application.
  • CN 104920111A By combining the skeleton structure, heat exchange cover layer, humidification and dehumidification system, and lighting system, an artificial environment suitable for the growth of a variety of animals and plants is constructed, and the artificial environment is not affected by regions, dimensions, and climate. Undistorted and cross-regional cultivation and breeding can be achieved.
  • CN 106430608A also obtained artificial ecosystems that can improve water quality and ecosystem stability by setting up some artificial facilities in river channels.
  • US7220018 B2 uses LED light system to illuminate marine habitats and constructs a habitat suitable for a single species.
  • WO2009 / 066231 has improved the equipment to obtain an ecosystem that can be suitable for the growth of multiple species at the same time.
  • the Dutch Plant Laboratory Group Company in its patent WO2010 / 044662 provides a plant growth system that is at least partially regulated by the environment. This system is based on the three major factors of plant development, namely photosynthesis, under the influence of dominant root pressure.
  • Yamaguchi University, Japan ’s national university corporation provides a device that uses red and blue light to irradiate plants to promote plant growth and shorten cultivation time. This device combines artificial equipment with the natural environment. An ecosystem that is more conducive to plant growth is obtained.
  • Helios Parkertra AG of Sweden in its patent WO 2015/004179, achieves control of plant growth by arranging a predetermined type of plant in a controlled environment under conditions of receiving natural light exposure. On this basis, the patent also provides corresponding computer program products.
  • a niche is a small-scale environment for living, growing or developing organisms. The division of the scale varies according to different situations. Specifically, in the karst area that covers China's land area, the scale of the niche is about a few meters.
  • Yu Xiaobao of Yunnan Normal University analyzed the niche in Shilin National Geopark and proposed a method suitable for vegetation restoration in specific niche, so as to achieve the preparation and restoration of karst areas as a whole. Therefore, the introduction of the concept of niche is very important for how to construct an efficient plant ecological controller or device, for the restoration of vegetation or the artificial cultivation of vegetation.
  • CN 106386086 A is also just a product that provides the water needed for plant growth.
  • CN 102577872A, CN 102960097A, "Study on the Adaptability of Slope-protecting Plants in Plant Coils” and “Study on Water Loss-Retaining Properties of Water-Retaining Agents in Plant Coil Matrix” have carried out a deeper exploration, it can be beneficial to plant seed germination and Devices growing inside, however, the devices obtained in these studies require the addition of soil or a substrate for seed germination and growth.
  • the main purpose is to compound plant seeds with functional carriers to form roll products that can be easily laid and planted.
  • Chinese patent CN102577872 B discloses a greening coil material, which is composed of a temperature and light control layer portion, a root planting layer portion, a water / root regulation layer portion, a seed stacking portion, an installation portion, and a water permeable portion located in the water temperature and light control portion.
  • the light control layer is used to reflect the radiation, reduce the absorption of heat, play a role of heat insulation and cooling, and reduce the evaporation of water.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,226,255 discloses a plant blanket composed of natural and degradable non-woven fibers.
  • the middle layer adjacent to the non-woven fiber layer is a high-strength, two-way stable open-cell plastic mesh.
  • Vegetation blankets include seeds and may also include fertilizers and / or water-absorbing materials. This planted blanket is spread on bare hillsides to reduce soil erosion caused by runoff.
  • vegetation restoration products at home and abroad have a certain soil and water conservation effect, and have a simple manufacturing process, but can only be used under conditions with soil or adding a large amount of matrix or water-absorbing material to the product to store moisture, resulting in high product costs, and Limits the scope of use.
  • due to the addition of a large amount of matrix or water-absorbing material its weight is large and it is not convenient to construct.
  • one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a controller for growing water for growing plants without artificial watering. Through the collection and storage of water and adaptive water supply, a reasonable supply of water required for plant growth is achieved.
  • a moisture controller for growing plants includes a moisture collection control system.
  • the moisture collection control system realizes the collection of water and provides plants with growth by controlling the interception, pooling and / or infiltration of water.
  • the water is artificial watering or natural precipitation.
  • water recycling includes: plant evapotranspiration water, plant growth water, plant drought resistance water, system evaporation water, and seed germination water; during seed germination and plant growth, reasonable water transport can be controlled to achieve drought The effect of replenishing water and storing water during rainy seasons can prevent excessive waterlogging and drought.
  • the invention can enable the system to automatically store water in the system and supply water to plants without the need for manual management to ensure a harsh environment in the case of uneven water supply from the outside. Water supply for seed germination and plant growth improves plant root survival rate.
  • the plant growth water controller grows in the water-enriched area to control the water supply and speed of the plant root system.
  • the water-enriched area is an area in the water extraction control system where water can easily accumulate, store, and provide water for plant growth, such as a water storage bag.
  • the concept of the water-enriched area is easy to understand In any water conduction and utilization system, those spaces where more water gathers can be understood as a water-rich area (or a water-accumulated area).
  • Such a process of aggregating water may be the automatic accumulation of water under the condition of gravity, or the accumulation of water under the condition of manual interference (for example, using a water absorption device).
  • the water extraction control system is provided with a function of restricting the growth of the root system to the water-enriched area, preventing the root system from directly absorbing water when it reaches the water-enriched area, preventing the water collected by the system from being consumed unnecessarily, and avoiding insufficient water-saving supply during drought .
  • the water flow channel refers to a channel through which water supply flows and reaches a water supply target area.
  • the water supply target area refers to each terminal in the present invention that requires water, such as the root system of plants.
  • the moisture collection control system includes a moisture collection layer for collecting moisture, the moisture collection layer is provided with a moisture collection hole, and a moisture interception structure is provided adjacent to the moisture collection hole on the moisture collection layer,
  • the moisture intercepting structure includes a moisture intercepting belt, a moisture intercepting block, and / or a moisture intercepting groove.
  • the water collection layer collects ground precipitation or artificial watering to reduce ineffective infiltration, and through the interception of the water interception structure, the water is collected into the plant growth system through the water collection hole for plant growth and utilization.
  • the moisture intercepting mechanism mainly includes the intercepting zone, intercepting block, and / or intercepting groove
  • the intercepting groove is a structure recessed on the surface of the moisture collecting layer
  • the intercepting zone and the intercepting block are structures protruding on the surface of the moisture collecting layer.
  • the setting position of the moisture interception structure should be lower than the height of the moisture collection hole in the vertical direction. This can better prevent the loss of water and allow water to enter the system from the collection hole.
  • the moisture intercepting structure may be any other structure that can block moisture from flowing out of the area other than the moisture collecting hole.
  • the moisture collecting layer is made of a waterproof material such as a water-impermeable film or cloth.
  • the diameter or side length of the moisture collection holes may be 1 to 50 mm, and the arrangement pitch may be 5 to 200 mm.
  • the moisture collection holes may be arranged in rows or diamonds.
  • the moisture interception band may be formed by folding the moisture collection layer into a strip shape or by attaching a water interception strip.
  • the moisture intercepting groove may be a square groove, a strip groove, or a funnel-shaped circular groove.
  • the diameter or side length of the moisture intercepting groove is 1 to 200 mm, and the arrangement interval is 5 to 200 mm.
  • the moisture intercepting grooves are arranged in rows and waves. Or diamond-shaped arrangement, formed by folding or sinking of the water collecting layer.
  • the moisture collection control system further includes a moisture infiltration layer disposed below the moisture collection layer, the moisture collection layer is locally connected to the moisture infiltration layer to form at least one cavity, and the moisture infiltration A moisture infiltration hole is provided on the layer corresponding to the cavity; in the present invention, the cavity is filled with a space filler to form a space structure, and the moisture pooling layer and the moisture infiltration layer are opened, and a gap between the space filler is formed A moisture infiltration passage that connects the moisture collection hole and the moisture infiltration hole.
  • the moisture infiltration layer is made of a water-impermeable film or cloth; the diameter or side length of the moisture infiltration hole is 1 to 50 mm, and the arrangement interval is 5 to 200 mm, which is arranged in rows or diamonds; the filler It is one or more of a fiber web, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, a particulate matter, or an inflatable bag, and is filled between the moisture collection layer and the moisture infiltration layer, and the gap between the materials is used as a moisture infiltration channel.
  • the infiltration channel is tubular or cuboid, with a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • moisture is collected by the moisture collection layer, and is intercepted by the moisture interception structure.
  • the moisture is collected through the moisture collection hole, enters the cavity between the moisture collection layer and the moisture infiltration layer, and infiltrates through the gap formed between the fillers in the cavity.
  • the channel finally flows out from the water infiltration hole, and then flows through other systems to the root system of the plant for plant growth and utilization.
  • the water collection control system further includes a water storage bag, which is used to store the water collected by the water collection control system, form a water-rich region, and serve as a water source for the water extraction control system.
  • the water storage bag is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, easy to store, light in weight, and does not occupy space when not in use.
  • the water storage bag is provided with a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole, the water inlet hole of the water storage bag is in communication with the water flow channel of the water collection control system, and the water outlet hole of the water storage bag and the water extraction control The water channel of the system is connected.
  • the water storage bag is made of a flexible water-impermeable material.
  • the water storage bag is made of water-impermeable film by welding or mold molding, and the water storage capacity can be adjusted by welding the film after folding.
  • the folding can be horizontal or vertical.
  • the folding size can be adjusted according to the actual water storage demand.
  • the water inlet hole is located at the top of the water storage bag, and the water outlet hole is also located at the low end (including the bottom) or the top of the water storage bag, and the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole may also be the same hole. In this case, the water inlet and outlet channels can be set separately.
  • the upper part (or top part) of the present invention generally refers to the side facing the sky during use
  • the lower part (or bottom part) generally refers to the side facing the ground during use. Regardless of the inclined orientation or the facing orientation, " “Above” or “below”.
  • the water storage bag is made of a flexible water-permeable material, and the water storage bag is filled with a water-absorbing substance.
  • the water permeable material has a water permeability of less than 10 mm / h, and the water permeable material includes materials such as a perforated film, a microporous film, and / or a dipped cloth.
  • the water-absorbing substance is filled in a water storage bag for water absorption and storage.
  • the water-absorbing substance includes a super absorbent resin, organic matter, or super absorbent fiber.
  • the water storage bag has a water storage volume in the range of 0.1-100L, and the water storage bag is folded or non-folded.
  • the width can be 30-1000mm;
  • the diameter or side length of the hole is 1-50 mm; the diameter or side length of the outlet hole is also 1-50 mm.
  • water storage bags there are at least two water storage bags, and the two adjacent water storage bags are sequentially connected along the water delivery direction of the system.
  • the water delivery direction of the system is the direction of the water flow of the plant growth moisture controller.
  • Multiple water storage bags can Improve system water distribution.
  • the water outlet hole is located at the top of the water storage bag, so that the water outlet of the water storage bag can have the function of an overflow hole.
  • An overflow channel is set between the water storage bags. The outlet hole of the previous water storage bag is connected to the water inlet hole of the next water storage bag through the overflow channel.
  • the overflow channel can be welded into a tube by a film or controlled by using existing plastic. to make.
  • the moisture extraction control system includes a pumping mechanism, a root restriction mechanism, and a moisture distribution mechanism, and the pumping mechanism extracts and transfers the water collected by the moisture collection system to the moisture distribution mechanism, and controls the extraction and transportation of water.
  • the speed and water distribution mechanism transports water to the plant root system, and the root restriction mechanism is used to block the plant root system from growing to the water-rich area.
  • the speed of pumping and transporting water is controlled by a pumping mechanism to ensure the full use of water, avoiding the pumping of water too quickly or too slowly, thereby controlling the rate of water consumption, reducing unnecessary plant transpiration water consumption, and making use of water The rate is maximized.
  • conventional mechanisms with a negative pressure water absorption function can be considered for use in the present invention.
  • a mechanism such as a control valve, is set to control the amount and speed of pumped water and the amount and speed of water delivered.
  • the water pumping mechanism includes a water absorbing matrix I made of a material with high water absorption performance.
  • the water input point of the water pumping mechanism is in communication with the water output point of the moisture collection control system, and the water output point of the water pumping mechanism is equal to the water content.
  • the water inlet of the cloth mechanism is connected.
  • the water outlet of the water collection control system is located at the water outlet of the water storage bag; the water inlet of the pumping mechanism is located below the water outlet of the water storage bag.
  • the water outlet point refers to a point where water can flow out. This point can be a small opening, a hole, or a gap structure of the material itself, such as the fiber gap of a water-absorbing material (non-woven fabric) itself;
  • the water inlet point refers to a point where water can enter the target area.
  • This point can be a small mouth, a hole, or a gap structure of the material itself, such as a negative suction pipe, a water inlet point.
  • the bit is a mouth, and for a water-absorbing material (non-woven fabric), the water entry point is its own fiber gap.
  • a water-absorbing material is used as a pumping mechanism, which is easy to produce, low in cost, and light in weight. At the same time, it has the functions of controlling the speed of pumping water, the volume of water pumped, the speed of water pumped, and the volume of water pumped, and solves the problem of controlling water transmission.
  • the water-absorbing material transports the water in the water storage bag to the roots of the plant through the capillary water absorption effect, and the control of the growth of the plant is achieved through the control of the water-absorbing speed.
  • the water-absorbing material is selected through the characteristics of water absorption, Adjust, or adjust the cross-sectional area of the water-absorbing material, to control the speed of water extraction.
  • the pumping mechanism is made of a water-absorbing substrate I such as a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, or a fiber rope with high water absorption performance.
  • the pumping mechanism can be set to a large, small, triangular, trapezoidal, stepped, curved, or tapered shape. It is set as a bar with the same width or diameter from top to bottom; the pumping speed of the pumping mechanism is controlled at about 10 to 10000 g / (m2.day);
  • a spunlaced non-woven fabric made of polyester fiber with a width of 5mm and a basis weight of 50g / m2 and 0.9D polyester fibers is used to make an upper and lower equal-width pumping mechanism.
  • the wide pumping mechanism can control the pumping speed of the pumping mechanism at about 1000 g / (m2.day) when the water level of the storage bag is the lowest, and the pumping speed at 10000g / (m2.day) when the water level of the water storage bag is the highest. about;
  • a step-shaped pumping mechanism with an upper width of 100 mm and a lower width of 1 mm is made of a polyester fabric spunlace nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 50 g / m2 and 0.9D.
  • the pumping speed of the pumping mechanism can be adjusted. It can be controlled at about 10g / (m2.day).
  • the pumping speed of the pumping mechanism can be controlled at about 10000g / (m2.day).
  • the size of the pumping mechanism can be adjusted to meet the needs according to the actual situation.
  • the pumping mechanism may also be made of a water-absorbing substrate I such as a microporous membrane or foamed material and compounded on a water storage bag to control the water supply speed at 10 to 10000 g / (m2.day); the pore diameter of the microporous membrane is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • a water-absorbing substrate I such as a microporous membrane or foamed material and compounded on a water storage bag to control the water supply speed at 10 to 10000 g / (m2.day); the pore diameter of the microporous membrane is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • a microporous membrane with a pore size of 10 ⁇ m, a microporous membrane with a number of 10,000 pores / (m2), and an area of 10 cm 2 is used to produce a pumping mechanism with a water supply rate of about 500 g / (m2.day), Porous membrane, the number of micropores is 10,000 / (m2), and the area of 10cm 2 is about 30g / (m2.day).
  • the water supply speed of the pumping mechanism is about 10000g / (m2.day).
  • the pumping mechanism can also be made of a microporous membrane, an open-pore membrane or a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, and wrapped and fixed with a water-absorbent material matrix I such as a superabsorbent resin, bentonite, or expanded rubber particles.
  • a water-absorbent material matrix I such as a superabsorbent resin, bentonite, or expanded rubber particles.
  • the water swelling performance of the wrapping material controls the initial velocity of water release and the water supply rate is controlled at 10 to 10000 g / (m2.day); at this time, the pore size of the microporous membrane is also 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • a microporous membrane with a pore size of 10 ⁇ m is used to encapsulate a superabsorbent resin with a saturated water absorption volume expansion factor of 50 times.
  • the superabsorbent resin occupies 20% of the volume of the inclusion in a dry state, and the water supply rate is 2000g / (m2.day).
  • Left and right pumping mechanism Using a microporous membrane with a pore size of 50 ⁇ m, a superabsorbent resin with a saturated water absorption volume expansion factor of 5 times is wrapped. The superabsorbent resin occupies 100% of the volume of the inclusion in a dry state, and the water supply rate is about 5000g / (m2.day). Pumping mechanism.
  • the root restriction mechanism is a water-impermeable film or a microporous membrane and is wrapped around the side of the water-absorbing substrate I; through space constraints, the root system is restricted from entering the water-rich area along the water-absorbing substrate I (for example, a water storage bag) In order to avoid unlimited absorption of water by the root system.
  • Film or microporous film tensile deformation rate ⁇ 50%, resistance strength ⁇ 10MPa.
  • a hole at the end is used as a water inlet channel.
  • the micropores are 10 to 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the film may also be a pipe made of transparent material, and the water-absorbing substrate I is placed in the pipe.
  • the growth of the root system on the pumping mechanism is restricted by light, and the root system is restricted from entering the water storage bag along the pumping mechanism.
  • the tensile deformation rate of the film is ⁇ 50%, the resistance strength is ⁇ 10MPa, and the light transmittance is ⁇ 85%.
  • the root restriction mechanism can choose to isolate the root system from the water release of the device, as long as Any isolation material and structure that can isolate the root system from contact with the water body can achieve the purpose of the present invention.
  • the root restriction mechanism is at least one solar heat absorbing and heating sheet provided on the water-absorbing substrate I for absorbing solar energy, and the water-absorbing substrate I is locally heated at a high temperature, so that the plant root system cannot grow along the water-absorbing substrate I.
  • the solar heat-absorbing and heating sheet includes a black film and a solar heating sheet. After absorbing solar energy, the solar heat-absorbing sheet heats up the water-absorbing substrate I locally. In a closed environment, the heat-generating portion of the water-absorbing substrate I can reach 60 degrees Celsius, and the root system can withstand temperatures below 45 degrees. Restrict root growth purposes.
  • the water-impermeable film or microporous film for wrapping the water-absorbing substrate I is further wrapped at the water-intake point of the water-absorbing substrate I, the water-impermeable film or A water inlet hole is provided on the microporous membrane, and an elongated root-control water supply pipeline is provided in sealed communication with the water inlet hole.
  • Root control water supply pipe causes hypoxia of root growth, restricting the root system from entering the water storage bag.
  • Root control water supply pipe can be formed by welding of thin film, or it can be made of existing plastic or glass tube. Width or diameter of root control water supply pipe It is 1 to 20 mm and the length is 50 to 1000 mm.
  • the moisture distribution mechanism includes a water absorption substrate II made of a water absorbing material, and the water inlet point of the water absorption substrate II is communicated with the water outlet point of the water pumping mechanism; further, in the present invention, the water uniform distribution
  • the mechanism also includes a water-permeable film, a super-absorbent cloth or a water-absorbent fiber web wrapped around a water-absorbent material.
  • the water-absorbing substrate II made of water-absorbing material has low cost, small size, light weight, and simple production. Its fiber structure absorbs water uniformly, and the water supply speed and volume are stable. The root system can grow around the water-absorbing substrate and absorb water uniformly to avoid local water supply. Many things happen.
  • the water distribution mechanism may also be a pipe network connected to the main pipe and the branch pipe, but in this case, the pipe network needs to consider the orientation during installation to ensure that the water can reach the plant root system through its own weight.
  • the control valve is set in the pipe network. Under certain weight conditions, the valve can be opened to allow moisture to continue to be transmitted to ensure the amount of water supplied and the supply speed to be within a controllable range.
  • the relevant data of the installation angle of the pipe network and the valve opening by the self-weight of the moisture can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the requirements, and the present invention does not describe it explicitly.
  • the moisture uniform distribution mechanism (including the water-absorbing substrate II) is made of a water-permeable film or cloth wrapped with a high water-absorbing material, and is connected to the pumping mechanism (including the water-absorbing substrate I).
  • the capillary water absorption of the two causes water to be transferred from the water-absorbing substrate I to the water-absorbing substrate II, and finally reaches the plant root system for utilization, which realizes the non-power transmission control of the water;
  • the water transmission speed of the water uniform distribution mechanism is 10 to 10,000 g / (m2.day).
  • the moisture uniform distribution mechanism (including the water-absorbing substrate II) can also be made of woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, sackcloth, water-absorbing fiber nets, straw fiber nets, and water-absorbing fiber ropes with high water-absorbing performance, and is connected to the water-absorbing device.
  • the water output from the pumping device is evenly distributed for plant growth. At this time, the water transmission speed of the water uniform distribution mechanism is still 10 to 10,000 g / (m2.day).
  • the plant growth moisture controller further includes a root system growth control mechanism, and the root system growth control mechanism includes an evaporation coating layer disposed above the moisture distribution mechanism and a root system disposed below the moisture distribution mechanism.
  • a barrier layer wherein the gap between the root barrier layer and the evaporation covering layer is filled with nutrient controlled-release particles outside the moisture distribution mechanism to form a nutrient controlled-release particle layer; the root barrier layer is provided with perforations and / or slits.
  • the root growth control mechanism provides a suitable environment for the growth of the plant root system by controlling the environmental moisture, nutrients, temperature, ventilation, and space around the root system of the plant root system.
  • the root growth guide channel is used to constrain the growth direction of the root system to make it grow in a nutrient controlled release granular layer.
  • the nutrient controlled release granular layer provides a growth environment for plant seeds.
  • the root barrier layer is used to support the nutrient controlled release granular layer and its upper structure, and restricts the lower direction of root growth.
  • the evaporative cover is used to prevent water evaporation and maintain proper humidity for seed germination and seedling emergence environment. Prevent seed water from volatile, unable to germinate and emerge.
  • the root barrier layer is made of a material such as a water-impermeable film, cloth or paper, and a root growth guide channel is provided on the root barrier layer to facilitate plant growth.
  • the growth guide channel may be a circular, square hole, or a slit, with a side length or a diameter of 1 to 20 mm, and an opening ratio of 1 to 20% of the root barrier layer.
  • the root system can enter the lower soil through the root growth guide channel, and at the same time, by setting the root barrier layer as an impermeable material, the substrate and the water storage material can be saturated and absorbed.
  • the evaporation cover layer is made of a gas-impermeable material or a material such as a gas-permeable film, cloth, or paper having a water vapor transmission rate of 10 g / 24 h or less, and a ventilation hole is provided on the material.
  • the ventilation holes may be circular or square holes, with a side length or a diameter of 1-20 mm, and the openings account for 1-20% of the evaporation coating.
  • Vapor holes are provided in the evaporation layer to maintain ventilation inside the system, avoid root death, and reduce water evaporation in the overall system; the system refers to the structure and area that the evaporation layer can cover.
  • the evaporation cover layer is made of a gas-impermeable material or a material such as a gas-permeable film, cloth, or paper having a water vapor transmission rate of 10 g / 24 h or less, and a ventilation hole is provided on the material.
  • the ventilation holes may be circular or square holes, with a side length or a diameter of 1-20 mm, and the openings account for 1-20% of the evaporation coating.
  • the nutrient controlled-release granules are full-price controlled-release fertilizers with a controlled release period of 1 to 48 months, and the nutrient content and release curve can be formulated according to different plants.
  • the root barrier layer and the evaporation cover layer are further filled with a growth matrix and a moisture storage material.
  • the growth matrix is made by mixing at least one of organic matter, porous inorganic material, soil, plant fiber, and high-molecular water-absorbing resin.
  • the moisture storage material is made of at least one of a super absorbent resin, absorbent fibers, and plant fibers, and has a water storage amount of 0.1 to 10 kg / m2.
  • a breathable layer is provided between the root barrier layer and the moisture distribution mechanism.
  • the breathable layer is made of non-woven fabric, fiber net, plant fiber blanket, sackcloth and other materials, with a thickness of 0.1-5 mm and a porosity ⁇ 30%; in order to provide a space for root system growth, it is convenient for the root system to grow in the breathable layer.
  • the moisture distribution mechanism can be made of a material with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and a porosity ⁇ 10% to provide a space for root growth and facilitate root growth.
  • the nutrient-controlling granular layer is filled with: matrix particles, water-absorbing particles, pest control particles, growth-regulating particles and / or microbial agents to control production in the process of plant growth Diseases and insect pests.
  • matrix particles water-absorbing particles
  • pest control particles pest control particles
  • growth-regulating particles growth-regulating particles and / or microbial agents to control production in the process of plant growth Diseases and insect pests.
  • the disease and pest control particles are made of a broad-spectrum long-acting control agent, and are made by a controlled-release coating; the growth-regulating particles are made of a broad-spectrum long-acting regulator, which enhances plant resistance to drought, drought, and waterlogging. It is made by coating; the microbial inoculum is made of a mixed inoculum including nitrogen-fixing bacteria, rhizobium, bacillus, etc., and mixed with organic matter and granulated.
  • the second technical objective of the present invention is to provide a plant growing system using a plant growth moisture controller.
  • the plant growing system has no need for manual watering and can directly collect and store natural precipitation in areas with a rainfall of not less than 30 mm; And get rid of the dependence of plants on the soil, can be used on rocks, concrete, steel plates, the Gobi Desert; suitable for different slopes, working conditions, can be used for sand control projects, water conservation projects, slope protection projects, greening projects, In the fields of wall engineering and roofing engineering, it plays the role of ecological protection, landscape greening, heat preservation and energy saving, soil and water conservation, and sand prevention and control. And light weight and simple construction.
  • a plant planting system using a plant growth moisture controller includes a temperature and light control system for controlling temperature and light and a plant growth moisture controller for moisture control, providing a growth environment required by plants to achieve Plant growth regulation and cultivation.
  • the water is artificial watering or natural precipitation.
  • moisture, temperature, and light are the key elements for plant growth.
  • water recycling includes: plant evapotranspiration water, plant growth water, plant drought resistance water, system evaporation water, and seed germination water; during seed germination and plant growth, reasonable water transport can be controlled to achieve drought The effect of replenishing water and storing water during rainy seasons can prevent excessive waterlogging and drought.
  • the invention can enable the system to implement scientific scientific water storage and scientific water supply to plants under conditions of uneven water supply from the outside, ensuring seed germination in harsh environments, Water supply for plant growth improves plant root survival rate.
  • the artificial plant growth system (that is, the present invention) can obtain a suitable space temperature and light, so that the seeds and their seedlings can obtain a suitable growth environment, and the final seed survival rate, seedling emergence rate, that is, seedling development, have more Good vitality.
  • the moisture controller for growing plants includes a moisture collection control system, and the moisture collection control system realizes the collection of moisture and provides plants with growth by controlling the interception, pooling, and / or infiltration of moisture.
  • a water extraction control system which is used to extract the collected water and transport it to the plant root system through the water flow channel, and limit the water enrichment of the plant root system to the plant growth water controller Regional growth to achieve control of plant root water supply.
  • the moisture collection control system includes a moisture collection layer for collecting moisture, the moisture collection layer is provided with a moisture collection hole, and a moisture interception structure is provided adjacent to the moisture collection hole on the moisture collection layer,
  • the moisture intercepting structure includes a moisture intercepting belt, a moisture intercepting block, and / or a moisture intercepting groove.
  • the moisture collection control system further includes a moisture infiltration layer disposed below the moisture collection layer, the moisture collection layer is locally connected to the moisture infiltration layer to form at least one cavity, and the moisture infiltration A moisture infiltration hole is provided on the layer corresponding to the cavity; in the present invention, the cavity is filled with a space filler, and a gap between the space filler forms a moisture infiltration channel that connects the moisture collection hole and the moisture infiltration hole.
  • the water collection control system further includes a water storage bag, and the water enrichment area is located in the water storage bag; the water storage bag stores the water collected by the water collection control system to form a water enrichment area as a water extraction control Water source of the system.
  • the water storage bag is provided with a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole, the water inlet hole of the water storage bag is in communication with the water flow channel of the water collection control system, and the water outlet hole of the water storage bag and the water extraction control The water channel of the system is connected.
  • the water storage bag is made of a flexible water-impermeable material.
  • the water storage bag is made of a flexible water-permeable material, and the water storage bag is filled with a water-absorbing substance.
  • the moisture extraction control system includes a pumping mechanism, a root restriction mechanism, and a moisture distribution mechanism, and the pumping mechanism extracts and transfers the water collected by the moisture collection system to the moisture distribution mechanism, and controls the extraction and transportation of water.
  • the speed and water distribution mechanism transports water to the plant root system, and the root restriction mechanism is used to block the plant root system from growing to the water-rich area.
  • the water pumping mechanism includes a water absorbing matrix I made of a material with high water absorption performance.
  • the water input point of the water pumping mechanism is in communication with the water output point of the moisture collection control system, and the water output point of the water pumping mechanism is equal to the water content.
  • the water inlet of the cloth mechanism is connected.
  • the water outlet of the water collection control system is located at the water outlet of the water storage bag; the water inlet of the pumping mechanism is located below the water outlet of the water storage bag.
  • the root restriction mechanism is a water-impermeable film or a microporous film, and is wrapped around the side periphery of the water-absorbing substrate I; in the present invention, the film may be a transparent material.
  • the root restriction mechanism is a solar heat-absorbing heat-generating sheet provided on the water-absorbing matrix I, and the water-absorbing matrix I is locally heated at a high temperature.
  • the solar heat-absorbing and heat-generating sheet includes a black film and a solar heat-generating sheet.
  • the water-impermeable film or microporous film for wrapping the water-absorbing substrate I is further wrapped at the water-intake point of the water-absorbing substrate I, the water-impermeable film or A water inlet hole is provided on the microporous membrane, and an elongated root-control water supply pipeline is provided in sealed communication with the water inlet hole.
  • the moisture distribution mechanism includes a water absorption substrate II made of a water absorbing material, and the water inlet point of the water absorption substrate II is in communication with the water outlet point of the pumping mechanism; in the present invention, the water distribution mechanism further includes Permeable film, super absorbent cloth or absorbent fiber web wrapped around absorbent material.
  • the plant growth moisture controller further includes a root growth control mechanism, and the root growth control mechanism includes a growth guide channel, an evaporation cover layer disposed above the moisture distribution mechanism, and a moisture distribution mechanism.
  • a root barrier layer under the cloth mechanism, the moisture between the root barrier layer and the evaporation covering layer is filled with a nutrient controlled-release particle outside the gap to form a nutrient controlled-release particle layer, and one end of the root growth guide channel is located at the controller
  • the external seed germination mechanism is connected, and the other end is directed to the nutrient controlled-release particle layer; the root barrier layer is provided with perforations and / or slits.
  • a breathable layer is provided between the root barrier layer and the moisture distribution mechanism.
  • the moisture distribution mechanism can be made of a material with a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and a porosity ⁇ 10% to provide a space for root system growth and facilitate root system growth.
  • the nutrient-controlling granular layer is filled with: matrix particles, water-absorbing particles, pest control particles, growth-regulating particles and / or microbial agents to control production in the process of plant growth Diseases and insect pests.
  • the temperature and light control system reduces the heat absorption of the plant planting system using the plant growth moisture controller by reflecting irradiation, and blocks heat transfer and light from the outside with the system, and uses the gas exchange to dissipate heat and keep the system cool for the plants. Root growth provides suitable temperature and dark environment.
  • the temperature and light control system is a layered structure, including a multilayer structure.
  • the layered structure is easy to manufacture, fold and store.
  • the temperature and light control system includes a radiation reflection layer for reflecting radiation to reduce heat absorption, a heat insulation layer for blocking heat transfer, and a ventilation cavity I for heat exchange by gas exchange, and radiation reflection
  • the layer and the thermal insulation layer are stacked, and the thermal insulation layer and the ventilation cavity I are stacked or spaced apart.
  • the radiation reflection layer is located on the upper part of the temperature control system and is made of aluminum foil, aluminized film, white film, etc .; the heat insulation layer is located in the middle, and is made of foam board, foam film, inflatable bag and bubble film, etc. Foam granules, fiber nets, and fiber blankets are made into a thermal insulation layer with a thickness of 1 to 20 mm; the ventilation cavity I is located at the bottom, and a cavity with a height of 1 to 50 mm is formed by folding, opening or adding support devices of the thermal insulation layer. composition.
  • the ventilation cavity I is used as a gas exchange channel and space inside the system, and is also used to contain the gas, so that a heat exchange environment is formed inside the system to achieve the effects of temperature control, temperature adjustment and thermal insulation.
  • the temperature and light control system is covered above the moisture collection control system, and the temperature and light control system is provided with a hole through which water is distributed and communicates with a water flow channel of the plant growth moisture control system, and is located in all places.
  • a moisture intercepting structure II is provided adjacent to the hole on the radiation reflection layer, and the moisture intercepting structure II includes a moisture intercepting zone, a moisture intercepting block, and / or a moisture intercepting groove; and the communicating with the water flow channel of the plant growth moisture control system The hole penetrates the radiation reflection layer and the heat insulation layer.
  • the moisture collection control system includes a moisture collection layer for collecting moisture and a moisture infiltration layer provided below the moisture collection layer, and the moisture collection layer is provided with a moisture collection hole, The moisture collection layer is locally connected to the moisture infiltration layer to form at least one cavity.
  • a moisture interception structure is provided adjacent to the moisture collection hole on the moisture collection layer, and the moisture interception structure includes a moisture interception zone, a moisture interception block, and / or moisture.
  • the radiation reflection layer is locally connected to the moisture collection layer to form at least one heat insulation cavity, and the heat insulation cavity is filled with a heat insulation material to form a heat insulation insulation layer, and the ventilation cavity I is arranged below the moisture collection layer And coincides with the cavity of the moisture collection control system; the radiation reflection layer, the heat insulation layer and the ventilation cavity I are respectively provided with water flow holes communicating with the moisture collection holes. .
  • a barrier layer is further provided between the heat insulation layer and the ventilation cavity I, and the hole communicating with the water flow channel of the moisture control system penetrates the barrier layer.
  • the barrier layer is made of a black film or a plate, and can also be made of foam particles, a fiber mesh, or a fiber blanket, and is used for heat insulation of the ventilation cavity.
  • the radiation reflectance is ⁇ 80%
  • the thermal conductivity is ⁇ 0.04W / (m ⁇ K)
  • the light transmittance is ⁇ 5%.
  • the barrier layer can better block the heat exchange between the outside and the inside of the system, and the temperature control effect is more stable. At the same time, its opacity is used to create a dark environment for the root growth inside the system.
  • a water evaporation control mechanism which includes an air-permeable belt surrounding the periphery of the temperature control system side and the plant growth moisture controller side periphery, and a cover layer for preventing the system water evaporation;
  • the covering layer for preventing the evaporation of water from the system is integrated with the evaporation covering layer of the root growth control mechanism, and a liquid flow channel communicating with the water flow channel of the moisture control system is provided on the covering layer; further, in the present invention, the liquid A windshield is set on the top of the flow channel.
  • a side of the cover layer near the plant growing system to which the plant growth moisture controller is applied is provided with a ventilation cavity II.
  • the moisture evaporation control is to reduce the evaporation of the water collected by the system.
  • the moisture evaporation mechanism is set in the form of a breathable belt, which has a low cost, a simple structure, and a good effect.
  • the liquid flow channel is used for moisture circulation.
  • the breathable belt is located on both sides of the moisture evaporation control mechanism.
  • the breathable bag can be made of air-impermeable film, cloth or board with holes, or it can be made of a breathable material with a water vapor transmission rate of ⁇ 10g / 24h.
  • there is a vent hole on the breathable belt there is a vent hole on the breathable belt; the length of the side of the vent hole or the diameter is 0.1 ⁇ 5mm, and the opening rate is ⁇ 5%.
  • the covering layer is located at the uppermost part, and a hole is formed in the covering layer to form a ventilation hole communicating with the liquid flow channel, and a ventilation cover is covered on the ventilation hole.
  • the cover layer is an air-impermeable film, cloth or board, and can also be made of a breathable material with a water vapor transmission rate of ⁇ 10g / 24h; the cover layer completely covers the surface of the plant growth system, and blocks water vapor To reduce evaporation of water.
  • the ventilation holes are formed by opening holes in the covering layer, the opening sizes are 1-20 mm, and the arrangement can be in a row or diamond shape, and the opening area is ⁇ 10% of the covering layer.
  • the windshield is located on the top of the ventilation hole, completely covering the liquid flow path, and a section is open for ventilation; it can block the sun from passing through the liquid flow path directly into the plant growth system, and can increase the surface roughness, reduce the wind speed, and reduce the evaporation of water.
  • the ventilating cavity II is located below the cover layer and is formed by providing a supporting device or folding the used cover layer.
  • the ventilating cavity II has a height of 1 to 50 mm and an area ratio of 5 to 60% of the plant growth system.
  • the ventilation cavity II may be provided in a square shape, an S shape, or the like, and is connected to the ventilation hole.
  • the moisture evaporation control mechanism can partially recess the cover layer to form a groove, and set a vent hole at the bottom of the groove to reduce evaporation of water. This method can reduce the setting of the windshield.
  • the groove can be arranged in a strip shape or a funnel shape, with a depth of 5 to 100 mm and a width or diameter of 10 to 50 mm.
  • a water evaporation control mechanism which includes an air-permeable belt surrounding a side periphery of the temperature control system and a plant growth moisture controller side periphery, and a cover layer for preventing system water evaporation; a cover layer
  • a cover layer It is integrated with the radiation reflection layer, that is, an integrated structure is made of an impervious material with radiation reflection function.
  • the integrated structure is provided with water flow holes and is misaligned with the water collection hole holes of the water collection layer.
  • the water flow holes and the water collection holes are separated by The gaps between the fillers in the thermal insulation layer communicate with each other to form the liquid flow channel to help moisture flow; preferably, a windshield is set on the top of the water flow hole.
  • the liquid flow channel is formed by compounding a layer of particles, a fiber blanket, or a fiber mesh in the middle of the double-layered cover layer, and the filler gap can lengthen the length of the liquid flow channel and reduce the evaporation rate of water.
  • a seed germination control mechanism which includes a water transfer mechanism, a seed germination bin, and a seedling emergence passage, and the water inlet of the water transfer mechanism is connected to the water distribution mechanism, and the water output of the water transfer mechanism
  • the seed germination silo is connected to a point, the seed germination silo is used to store seed particles; the seed germination silo is provided with an opening for the root system to grow outward and an emergence opening of the seed germination silo for a seedling emergence passage after the seed germination, said The emergence opening is in communication with the seedling emergence channel, and the seed germination silo and the seedling removal channel are arranged in a vertical stagger; in the present invention, the top of the seedling emergence channel is hinged with a light shield.
  • a seed germination control mechanism which includes a water transfer mechanism and a seed germination bin, one end of the water transport mechanism is connected to a water storage bag, and the other end is connected to the seed germination bin, and the seed germination bin is used to store seeds
  • the seed germination silo is provided with openings for outward root growth and seedling emergence passages for seed germination; in the present invention, the top of the seedling emergence passage is hingedly provided with a light shield.
  • the seed germination control mechanism is set in the plant planting system using the plant growth moisture controller of the present invention, which can be used in areas where vegetation growth is depressed.
  • the seeds can grow naturally in harsh environments, achieving the purposes of improving the environment, greening, and preventing sand. Because the present invention increases the function of supplying water to the seed germination silo, the seeds are not easy to die due to water loss, and the survival rate is greatly improved.
  • the water conveying mechanism is located on the top of the seed germination silo.
  • the water conveying mechanism is made of a non-woven fabric, a water-absorbent fiber web, sackcloth and other materials with high water absorption performance, which is covered above the seed particles, and one end is in direct contact with the seed particles. One end is connected to a water supply mechanism to supply water to the seed particles.
  • the surface of the water conveyance mechanism is covered with a layer of evaporation barrier film, and a seedling emergence channel is provided in the opening to connect the seed particles with the outside, and serves as a seedling emergence channel after seed germination.
  • the seedling emergence channel can be set in a curve shape to reduce the evaporation of water at the seed particles and increase the germination rate of the seed particles.
  • the length of the seedling emergence channel is 5-50 mm.
  • the evaporation barrier film can be set to have a groove shape, and a hole can be provided on the bottom of the groove to set up a seedling emergence channel to connect the seed particles with the outside world as a seedling emergence channel after seed germination.
  • the groove can be arranged in a strip or funnel shape, with a depth of 5 to 100 mm, and a width or diameter of 10 to 50 mm. At this time, the length of the seedling emergence passage is also 5-50 mm.
  • the hood is located at the top of the seedling emergence passage and completely covers the seedling emergence passage, and a section is opened as a seedling emergence passage.
  • the hood has a function of opening and closing, covering the seedling emergence channel, and the plant can be opened when it emerges, and folded or opened by a water-impermeable film, non-woven fabric or paper with a light transmittance of 0-50%. Hole formation. It can block the sun from passing through the seedling emergence channel to the interior of the plant growth system. It can also increase surface roughness, reduce wind speed, reduce water evaporation, and improve the survival rate of plant seedlings.
  • the seed germination chamber is provided with seed particles, which are made of a mixture of seeds and at least one of a plant conditioner, a super absorbent resin, and organic materials to adjust the seed germination speed and germination rate, and improve the resistance of the seedlings .
  • Plant seeds include herbs, shrubs, or mixed seeds of herbs and shrubs; herbs include ryegrass, foxtail, clover, and the like; shrubs include magnolia, eucalyptus, eucalyptus, and the like.
  • the seed particles are completely covered by the evaporation barrier film, and the horizontal distance between the seed particles and the seedling emergence channel is maintained at 1-10 mm, not on the same vertical plane, in order to reduce the evaporation of seed water and improve the seed germination rate.
  • a nutrient matrix control mechanism which includes an interception device and a nutrient recovery channel, one end of the nutrient recovery channel is open on the upper surface of the plant planting system to which the plant growth moisture controller is applied, and the other end communicates with The root growth guide channel is communicated, and the interception device is disposed obliquely at the opening of the nutrient recovery channel located on the upper surface of the plant planting system to which the plant growth moisture controller is applied; in the present invention, the interception device is a baffle. The interception device is used to intercept fallen dead leaves, atmospheric sediment, insect carcasses, etc. After interception, the material returns to the root system through the nutrient recovery channel, and is used to provide a new source of nutrients for plants.
  • the intercepting device is made of a material such as a film or a fiber web through folding, opening or thermal processing, and is located at the uppermost layer of the plant growth system.
  • the height of the intercepting device is 5-50 mm, and is used to intercept plant litter, Substances including atmospheric sediments.
  • the nutrient recovery channel is located at the bottom end of the interception device, and runs through the plant growing system and the root growth control mechanism using the plant growth moisture controller.
  • the material intercepted by the intercepting device is naturally decomposed by microorganisms, and then enters the plant growth system through the recovery channel with precipitation; the size of the nutrient recovery channel is 5-30 mm, and the number is 5-200 per square meter.
  • a mounting mechanism which is used for fixing the main body of the plant growing system to which the plant growth moisture controller is applied on the ground, a slope, or hanging installation.
  • the mounting mechanism includes a flat material made of a high-strength flexible fiber mesh, film, or cloth, the flat material is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main body of the plant planting system to which a plant growth moisture controller is applied, and the flat material
  • a riveting member for fixing the main body of the plant growing system to which the plant growth moisture controller is applied on the ground, a slope, or a suspension installation is arranged on the main body.
  • Mounting holes are provided on both sides of the planar material; the shape of the mounting hole includes a circle, a square, or a triangle, and the diameter or the side length is 3-20 mm.
  • the plane material can also be clamped and fixed by an anchor with high strength; the anchor is made of a material including metal or polymer engineering plastic, and a mounting hole is provided on the anchor.
  • the flat material can also be folded and wrapped on both sides and reinforced with sewing threads.
  • the reinforcing rope is made of materials including glass fiber rope, carbon fiber rope, nylon rope, and polyester rope.
  • the mounting hole is formed through an opening; the shape of the mounting hole includes a circle, a square, or a triangle, and the diameter or side length is 3 to 20 mm; the flat material can also be folded in half, and fixed in the middle by a sewing thread after being folded, At the same time, the unsewn sections are cut and tightened to form a symmetrical K-shape; a U-shaped seam formed by folding is used as a mounting hole. Therefore, there are various options for the arrangement of the planar material and the mounting holes thereon.
  • the installation mechanism further includes a transverse reinforcing belt connected to the germination control mechanism at the lower part of the plant growing system to which the plant growth moisture controller is applied, and a connecting rope on both sides.
  • the transverse reinforcing belt is glued by a flexible fiber rope and a fiber cloth. , Heat welding or sewing with the germination control mechanism.
  • the mounting mechanism further includes a support.
  • the support is a ⁇ -shaped support made of an elastic rubber material.
  • a rigid rod is fixed on the support, and the rigid rod and the support are glued or glued. It is fixed in an elastic anchoring manner; the support can also be an elastic sheet or bar bent to form a support in a ⁇ or T shape.
  • the lower plane part of the support and the plane material are compounded and fixed by hot pressing or gluing to form a supporting structure.
  • the support structure is foldable, and when folded, it is fixed with a water-soluble glue or a water-soluble film.
  • the plane diameter or side length of the support is 5-20 mm; the rigid rod is made of raw materials including metal materials or polymer materials, the diameter is 2-5 mm, and the length is 30-100 mm.
  • the arrangement interval of the supporting structure is 50-200 mm.
  • the installation mechanism further includes a composite bag, which is formed by folding a layer of film in two or using two layers of film by crosswise hot pressing and gluing to form a composite bag. After inflating or injecting foaming material, it is sealed to form a closed inflatable bag and communicates with The flat material is formed into a supporting device by hot pressing or gluing.
  • a composite bag which is formed by folding a layer of film in two or using two layers of film by crosswise hot pressing and gluing to form a composite bag. After inflating or injecting foaming material, it is sealed to form a closed inflatable bag and communicates with The flat material is formed into a supporting device by hot pressing or gluing.
  • holes are formed in the film by punching, rolling or hot stabbing to form aeration holes; the shape of the inflation hole includes a circle, a square or a triangle, and the diameter or side of the inflation hole The length is 1 ⁇ 5mm, and the arrangement pitch is 30 ⁇ 100mm.
  • the method of compounding the film can also add a layer of air valve film, which can be compounded into a closed bag by vertical and horizontal hot pressing and adhesive compounding, and can be compounded with flat materials by hot pressing or adhesive compounding. Inflated to form a support device, at this time the support device is partially or completely cut off at the hot pressing / bonding position.
  • the supporting device has a width of 30 to 150 mm and a length of 30 to 100 mm.
  • the supporting device is folded or non-folded. When the supporting device is folded, the width is 30 to 50 mm.
  • the supporting device The arrangement spacing is 50-200mm.
  • the invention can directly collect and store natural precipitation in areas with a rainfall of not less than 30mm without artificial watering, and transport the water to the seeds or the root system of the plant to meet the moisture of plant growth Demand; through the setting of the germination growth system, provide the environment and material requirements for plant germination, such as the need for water, to get rid of the plant's dependence on soil, and then it can be used on rocks, concrete, steel plates, and the Gobi Desert;
  • the setting of the temperature and light system controls the temperature and light, so that the temperature in the planting system is not too high or too low, which is suitable for plant germination and growth, and can be used in any season.
  • the invention also provides a variety of structures Form of mechanical strengthening device to ensure the installation and service life of the system.
  • the plant planting system of the present invention can be set in a variety of space structure forms, and is suitable for different slope conditions.
  • the invention can be applied to the fields of sand control engineering, water conservation engineering, slope protection engineering, greening engineering, wall engineering and roofing engineering, etc., so as to play the functions of ecological protection, landscape greening, heat preservation and energy conservation, soil and water conservation, and sand prevention and control.
  • FIG. 1 (a) is a front view of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along the direction I-I of FIG. 1 (a);
  • FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along the direction I-I of FIG. 2 (a);
  • 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I in FIG. 4 (a);
  • 6 is a front view of a fifth embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a cooperation relationship diagram of a water extraction control system and a water storage bag in a sixth embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a cooperation relationship diagram of a water extraction control system and a water storage bag in a seventh embodiment
  • 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 10; FIG.
  • FIG. 13 (b) is a sectional view taken along the direction I-I of FIG. 13 (a);
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a tenth embodiment
  • 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 20;
  • Fig. 23 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I in Fig. 20;
  • the plant growth moisture controller of this embodiment includes a moisture collection layer 21 for collecting moisture.
  • the moisture collection layer 21 is provided with a moisture collection hole 23.
  • Moisture interception bands 22 are provided adjacent to the holes 23.
  • the water is collected by the water collection layer 21 to reduce ineffective infiltration, and the water is collected by the water collection hole 23 into the plant growth water control system through the water interception belt 22.
  • the moisture collection layer 21 is made of a water-impermeable film; the height of the moisture interception band is about 10 mm, and the rows are arranged in rows; the cross section of the moisture collection hole 23 is square, and the side length is 5 mm.
  • the distance between two adjacent moisture interception bands 22 is 100 mm. .
  • the controller When in use, the controller is fixed in the area where plants need to be planted to collect and supply water for plant growth in the relevant area, without manual management, and has a simple structure and low cost.
  • the rainfall collection rate can reach more than 95%, and the maximum infiltration rate can reach 100 mm / h.
  • a moisture infiltration layer 24 is added below the moisture collection layer 21, and the moisture collection layer 21 and the moisture infiltration layer 24 are locally connected to form a plurality of The cavity 25, the moisture infiltration layer 24 is provided with a moisture infiltration hole 26 corresponding to the cavity.
  • the cavity 25 is filled with a space filler, and the gap between the space filler forms a moisture infiltration that connects the moisture collection hole 23 and the moisture infiltration hole 26.
  • the space filler includes fiber web, woven fabric, non-woven fabric and / or particulate matter;
  • the moisture infiltration hole 26 is circular in cross section, its diameter is 2mm, and the spacing is 100mm;
  • the moisture interception structure 22 is a moisture interception zone, and the moisture The height of the interception zone is 10mm, which is arranged in rows.
  • the moisture infiltration layer can better control the water transport through the structural design of the space filler. Implementation data. With this embodiment, the rainfall moisture collection rate can reach more than 95%, and the maximum infiltration rate can reach 100 mm / h.
  • the shape of the moisture intercepting structure is a recessed groove structure 27, and the groove structure 27 is formed by folding the moisture collecting layer 21, which is relatively easy to form and does not require Other additional structures are installed separately to achieve the function of moisture interception, which is easy to manufacture.
  • the related structure of the water extraction control system is added in this embodiment, including a water pumping mechanism 41, a root restriction mechanism 44, and a water distribution mechanism 42.
  • the water pumping mechanism of this embodiment 41 and the root restriction mechanism 44 are combined into one, which is a sheet-shaped water-absorbing substrate I made of a microporous membrane, and the water-absorbing end of the water-absorbing substrate I is attached to the water infiltration hole 26;
  • the moisture distribution structure 42 is a water-absorbing substrate II made of a water-absorbing fiber rope, and the water outlet end of the water-absorbing substrate I contacts the water inlet end of the water-absorbing substrate II.
  • the water outlet end of the water-absorbing substrate I is an end far from the water infiltration hole 26.
  • the pore size of the microporous membrane is 10 ⁇ m, which is used to control the release of water and the speed of water supply, and at the same time play the role of limiting the root system.
  • Increasing the water extraction control mechanism can make the water in the system more effective in transportation control. Through the characteristics of the materials, the water delivery rate of the system can reach the desired level.
  • a sheet-shaped pumping mechanism made of a microporous membrane with a pore diameter of 10 ⁇ m, a number of micropores of 10,000 / (m2), and an area of 10 cm 2 is used, and the water supply speed is 500 g / (m2.day).
  • a sheet-shaped pumping mechanism made of a microporous membrane with a pore diameter of 10 ⁇ m, a number of micropores of 100,000 / (m2), and an area of 10 cm 2 is used, and the water supply speed is 5000 g / (m2.day). After 5 years of plant growth, no root system has entered the water-rich area.
  • a water storage bag 31 is added in this embodiment.
  • the water inlet 32 of the water storage bag 31 communicates with the moisture infiltration hole 26, and the water inlet 32 is located in the water storage bag 31.
  • the water outlet hole 33 is located at the bottom end of the water storage bag, and the water outlet hole 33 of the water storage bag 31 is attached to the water absorption substrate I41.
  • the water storage bag 31 is integrally formed from a water-impermeable film through a mold.
  • the volume of the water storage bag 31 is 40 kg; the water inlet hole 32 has a circular cross section with a diameter of 20 mm; the water outlet hole 33 has a circular cross section with a diameter or side length of 20 mm. .
  • the water storage bag can better store water, so that the water is concentrated in the water storage bag, and the volatilization is reduced.
  • FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 this embodiment is based on the second embodiment, and a water extraction control system and a water storage bag are added.
  • the water extraction control system includes a pumping mechanism 41, a root restriction mechanism 44, and a uniform water distribution.
  • the mechanism 42 and the pumping mechanism 41 are strip-shaped water-absorbing substrates I made of high-performance water-absorbing textile cloth. The water-absorbing end of the water-absorbing substrate I is in contact with the water outlet hole 33 of the water storage bag 31.
  • a sheet-shaped moisture uniformity mechanism 42 made of a water-absorbent non-woven fabric. The water inlet end of the moisture uniformity mechanism 42 is in contact with the water outlet end of the water-absorbing substrate I.
  • the water outlet end of the moisture uniformity mechanism 42 is outwardly connected to the plant growth system. Water area.
  • the root restriction mechanism 44 is a water-impermeable film wrapped around the side of the water-absorbing substrate I, and the space of the plant is prevented from growing along the water-absorbing substrate I through space restriction.
  • the pumping mechanism 41 of this embodiment is made of spunlace woven fabric made of polyester fiber with a width of 5mm and a basis weight of 50g / m2 and 0.9D polyester fiber. The pumping mechanism can be controlled with the same width. Around 50g / (m2.day) (when the water level of the water storage bag is the lowest) to about 500g / (m2.day) (when the water level of the water storage bag is the highest).
  • the water outlet end of the water-absorbing substrate I is an end far from the water outlet hole 33.
  • the root restriction mechanism 44 is a solar energy absorber provided on the water-absorbing substrate I
  • the heat-generating sheet heats the water-absorbing substrate I locally at a high temperature, so that the plant root system cannot grow along the water-absorbing substrate I. After 5 years of plant growth, no root system has entered the water storage bag 31.
  • this embodiment is an example of a specific implementation structure of the water storage bag.
  • the water storage bag 31 folds the film, adjusts its water storage capacity, and folds horizontally.
  • the water storage bag volume is 30 kg.
  • the width is 800mm; the water inlet hole 32 and the water outlet hole 33 of the water storage bag are provided at the top of the water bag 31.
  • the water inlet hole 32 has a circular cross section and its diameter is 20mm; the water outlet hole 33 The cross section is circular and its diameter or side length is 20mm.
  • the water inlet 32 of the water storage bag 31 is connected to the water infiltration hole through the water inlet channel 34 (the arrangement position of the water infiltration hole is not particularly described in this embodiment); the water outlet hole on the top of the water storage bag 31 has an overflow function when in use
  • the top water inlet of the lower water storage bag communicates with the water outlet of the upper water storage bag through the overflow channel 36.
  • the overflow channel in this embodiment is intercepted by the dam 35 that surrounds the top of the lower water storage bag.
  • Part of the side wall of the dam is integrated with the side wall of the upper storage bag. Of course, it can also be set separately.
  • the outer diameter or width of the water storage bag is narrower than the outer diameter or width of the dam. Within the perimeter of the dam.
  • the diameter of the inlet pipe channel 34 is 20 mm; the diameter of the overflow channel is 20 mm; and the height of the dam 35 is 30 mm.
  • Multiple water storage bags can increase water storage and ensure sufficient water supply in the dry season.
  • the water inlet channel 34 can be used to connect to an external water supply pipe, and the water storage bag can be filled with water.
  • a root growth control mechanism is added in this embodiment, which includes an evaporation cover layer 61 provided above the water-absorbing substrate II42 and a root barrier layer provided below the water-absorbing substrate II42 63.
  • the gap between the root barrier layer 63 and the evaporative cover layer 61 is filled with a nutrient controlled-release particle in a gap other than the water-absorbing matrix II 42 to form a nutrient controlled-release particle layer 66.
  • the root barrier layer 63 is made of a water-impermeable film material, A square perforation 64 is provided as a channel for the root system to penetrate into the soil.
  • the length of the perforated side is 10mm, and the perforated area accounts for 15% of the surface area of the root barrier layer 63.
  • the plant root system can enter the lower soil through the perforation.
  • the material guarantees the saturated water absorption of the matrix and the water storage material; the evaporation cover is made of a breathable film with a water vapor transmission rate of ⁇ 10g / 24h; the growth matrix includes a full-price controlled release fertilizer and organic matter with a controlled release period of 1 to 48 months.
  • the root growth control mechanism provides a suitable environment for the growth of the plant root system by controlling the environmental moisture, nutrients, temperature, ventilation, and space around the root system of the plant root system.
  • the root growth guide channel is used to constrain the growth direction of the root system to make it grow in a nutrient controlled release granular layer.
  • the nutrient controlled release granular layer provides a growth environment for plant seeds.
  • the root barrier layer is used to support the nutrient controlled release granular layer and its upper structure, and restricts the lower direction of root growth.
  • the evaporative cover is used to prevent water evaporation and maintain proper humidity for seed germination and seedling emergence environment. Prevent seed water from volatile, unable to germinate and emerge.
  • the evaporation covering layer 61 is made of an air-impermeable material or a gas-permeable film with a water vapor transmission rate of ⁇ 10g / 24h.
  • the gas-permeable film is a commonly-used general-purpose film, and a ventilation hole is provided on the evaporation covering layer. Vapor holes are provided in the evaporation layer to maintain ventilation inside the system, avoid root death, and reduce water evaporation in the overall system; the system refers to the structure and area that the evaporation layer can cover.
  • the nutrient controlled-release particles filled with the nutrient controlled-release particle layer 66 include a water-absorbent resin, a pest control particle, a growth-regulating particle, and a microbial agent.
  • a breathable layer 69 is provided between the root barrier layer 63 and the nutrient controlled release particle layer 66.
  • the breathable layer 69 is made of a plant fiber blanket material.
  • the diameter of the vent holes is 5mm, and the proportion of open holes is 10% to provide the plant root system. Growth space.
  • the evaporation water consumption of the system can be controlled below 30 g / (m 2 .day), and the survival rate of the plant is ⁇ 90%.
  • a plant growing system includes a plant growth moisture controller as described in the fourth embodiment and a temperature control above the moisture collection control system of the plant growth moisture controller.
  • System; temperature control system includes irradiated reflective layer 11 for reflecting radiation to reduce heat absorption, thermal insulation layer 14 for blocking heat transfer, and air-permeable cavity I13 for heat exchange by gas exchange,
  • the radiation reflection layer 11 and the moisture collection layer 21 are partially connected to form a heat insulation and insulation cavity.
  • the heat insulation and insulation cavity is filled with a heat insulation material to form a heat insulation and insulation layer (14).
  • the ventilation cavity I is arranged below the moisture collection layer.
  • the cavity between the moisture collection layer and the moisture collection layer recombines the cavity 13; the radiation reflection layer, the heat insulation layer and the ventilation cavity I are respectively provided with water flow holes 15 communicating with the moisture collection holes.
  • a circular diameter is set on the radiation reflection layer adjacent to the hole 15 as a moisture intercepting groove 12; the radiation reflection layer 11 of this embodiment is made of aluminum foil; and the heat insulation layer 14 is made of a foam board.
  • the plant growth moisture controller and the covered plant growth moisture controller's temperature and light control system provide the necessary temperature, light, humidity, moisture, nutrients, local dark environment for plant stem and leaf and root growth, and
  • the plant growing place constitutes a complete and automated planting system.
  • this embodiment further includes a moisture evaporation control mechanism as shown in FIG. 18.
  • the moisture evaporation control mechanism includes a breathable band 9 surrounding the periphery of the temperature control system side and the plant growth moisture controller side periphery.
  • a covering layer 51 for preventing evaporation of water in the system covers the root growth control mechanism 6, and a liquid flow channel 53 is provided on the covering layer 51 and communicates with the water flow channel of the moisture controller,
  • a windshield 52 is provided on the top of the liquid flow channel 53; the covering layer 51 is an air-impermeable film, which reduces the evaporation of moisture and maintains the environmental humidity of the root growth control mechanism 6.
  • the windshield 42 is located on the top of the ventilation channel, completely covering the ventilation channel, and a section is opened for ventilation. It can block the sun from directly passing inside the plant growth control system through the ventilation channel. It can also increase the surface roughness to reduce the wind speed and reduce the evaporation of water.
  • this embodiment further includes a seed germination control mechanism.
  • the seed germination control mechanism includes a water transfer mechanism, a seed germination bin 71, and a seedling emergence channel 73.
  • the water transfer mechanism and The moisture distribution mechanism 42 is made into one body, and the seed germination chamber 71 is used to store seed particles 75, which are placed above the water transport mechanism.
  • the seed germination chamber 71 is provided with an opening for the root system to grow outwards and an emergence opening for the seed germination chamber 71.
  • the seedling emergence channel 73 for seed germination.
  • the length of the emergence channel of the seedling is 30mm and the shape is curved to reduce the moisture at the seed particles. Evaporation and increase the germination rate of seed particles.
  • the emergence opening is in communication with the seedling emergence channel 73, and the seeds in the seed germination chamber 71 are vertically staggered with the seedling emergence channel 73; the top of the seedling emergence channel 73 is hinged with a light shield 72.
  • FIGS 20, 21, 22, and 23 they are basically the same technical ideas for different plant shapes and structures. They include a temperature and light control system for controlling temperature and light, and a plant for moisture control.
  • the moisture controller specifically, a moisture collection layer 21 for collecting moisture, the moisture collection layer is provided with a moisture collection hole 23, and a moisture interception structure is provided adjacent to the moisture collection hole on the moisture collection layer.
  • the moisture interception structure is a moisture interception structure.
  • the belt 22 is a moisture infiltration layer 24 below the moisture collection layer.
  • the moisture collection layer 21 and the moisture infiltration layer 24 are partially connected to form a cavity 25.
  • the moisture infiltration layer 21 is provided with a water infiltration hole corresponding to the cavity 25.
  • the cavity is filled with a space filler, and the gap between the space fillers forms a moisture infiltration channel that connects the moisture collection hole and the moisture infiltration hole; a water storage bag 31 is also provided in this embodiment, and the water storage bag 31 is used for The water collected by the water collection control system is stored to form a water-enriched area.
  • the water storage bag 31 is provided with a water inlet hole 32 and a water outlet hole 33;
  • the water storage bag 31 is made of a flexible water permeable material, the water permeable material is a perforated film, the water permeability of the water permeable material is less than 10 mm / h, the water storage bag 31 is filled with a water absorbing substance, and the water absorbing substance is a super absorbent resin and A mixture of super absorbent fibers.
  • the water storage volume of the water storage bag 31 is in the range of 20L (in other embodiments, the water storage bag volume can be between 0.1-100L), when not in use
  • the water storage bag 31 is folded. After folding, the width can be 100mm.
  • the diameter of the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole of the water storage bag 31 are 5mm.
  • the water storage bag is filled with water. The diameter or side length of the hole and the water outlet hole can be selected between 1-50mm.
  • the three water storage bags 31 there are three water storage bags 31.
  • the three water storage bags 31 are installed at staggered heights, and the water outlet holes of the two water storage bags 31 are located on top of themselves. After that, the excess water overflows through its own water outlet hole, and flows to the water inlet of the water storage bag at a lower position along the overflow channel.
  • the water inlet hole 32 of the water storage bag 31 communicates with the water infiltration hole 23 of the water collection control system, and the water outlet hole 33 of the water storage bag.
  • the water inlet hole 32 and the water outlet hole 33 are both The same hole, because this embodiment is installed on a slope, water will automatically flow from the water inlet hole 32 into the water storage bag 31 due to gravity, and then be extracted from the water outlet hole 33 through the pumping mechanism. At this time, the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole are Same hole.
  • the plant planting system of this embodiment is further provided with a water-absorbing substrate I41 made of a material with high water-absorbing performance for extracting and transmitting water from the water-controlling system and a water-absorbing material made of a water-absorbing material for transmitting water to the plant root system.
  • a water-absorbing substrate I41 made of a material with high water-absorbing performance for extracting and transmitting water from the water-controlling system and a water-absorbing material made of a water-absorbing material for transmitting water to the plant root system.
  • the water-absorbing matrix II42 is made of a superabsorbent material wrapped by a microporous membrane with a pore size of 10 ⁇ m.
  • the superabsorbent material used to make the water-absorbent matrix II42 is a superabsorbent resin and organic matter.
  • the superabsorbent resin occupies 20 %,
  • the water delivery speed is about 2000g / (m2.day).
  • the water-absorbing base I41 is made of a 100mm wide, 50g / m2, 0.9D polyester fiber spunlace nonwoven fabric with an upper and lower equal width pumping belt.
  • the pumping mechanism can be The pumping speed is controlled at about 1000g / (m2.day).
  • the pumping speed is controlled at about 10000g / (m2.day).
  • a root restriction mechanism 44 for restricting the growth of the root system is provided.
  • the root restriction mechanism 44 is made of a water-impermeable film and is wrapped around the side of the water-absorbing substrate I.
  • the plant planting system of this embodiment further includes a root growth control mechanism, an evaporation cover layer 61 disposed above the water-absorbing substrate II42, and a root barrier layer 63 disposed below the water-absorbing substrate II.
  • the gaps other than the water-absorbing matrix II are filled with matrix particles, water-absorbing particles, pest control particles, growth-regulating particles, and microbial inoculants to form a nutrient controlled-release particle layer 65.
  • a root growth guide channel 64 is provided on the root barrier layer.
  • the plant planting system of this embodiment further includes a layered structure temperature control system.
  • the system includes a radiation reflection layer 11 for reflecting radiation to reduce heat absorption, a heat insulation layer 14 for blocking heat transfer, and a The air-permeable cavity I13 for heat exchange by gas exchange.
  • the radiation reflection layer 11 and the moisture pooling layer 21 are partially connected to form a heat-insulation and insulation cavity.
  • the heat-insulation and insulation cavity is filled with foam particles, a foam film, an inflatable bag, and a bubble film.
  • the material is made into a heat insulation layer with a thickness of 10mm; the lower surface of the moisture pooling layer 21 is folded to form a cavity with a ventilation and heat insulation function and a water supply shunt, and the height of the cavity is about 50mm.
  • the cavity belongs to a structure in which the ventilation cavity I13 and the cavity of the moisture control system are combined into one.
  • the cavity serves as a gas exchange channel and space inside the system, and is also used to contain the gas, so that a heat exchange environment is formed inside the system to achieve the effects of temperature control, temperature adjustment and heat preservation.
  • a moisture evaporation control mechanism is also provided in this embodiment, and includes a ventilation belt 58 surrounding the periphery of the temperature control system and the plant growth moisture controller.
  • the ventilation bag is provided with a ventilation hole 59.
  • Cover layer in this embodiment, the cover layer and the radiation reflection layer are both made of aluminum foil and made into one body.
  • the cover layer is the radiation reflection layer 11 and water flow holes are opened on the integrated structure; the water flow holes and the water collection holes pass through The gaps between the fillers in the heat insulation layer communicate with each other to form a liquid flow path.
  • a windshield is set on the top of the water flow hole.
  • the windshield is a moisture intercepting belt 22.
  • the covering layer may be separately provided from the radiation reflection layer and integrated with the evaporation covering layer of the root control mechanism, which is not described in detail in this embodiment.
  • the plant planting system of this embodiment further includes a seed germination bin 78 and a seedling emergence channel 73.
  • the seed germination bin is used to store seed particles 75, and water is directly provided by the moisture distribution mechanism 42.
  • the seed germination bin is provided for roots to grow outward.
  • the openings, the emergence openings of the seed germination silo, and the seedling emergence passages 73 for seed germination are connected with the emergence openings and the seedling emergence passages.
  • the seed germination silos and the seedling removal passages are arranged vertically staggered.
  • This embodiment also provides a control mechanism for recovering the external nutrient matrix, including a baffle and a nutrient recovery channel.
  • One end of the nutrient recovery channel is open on the upper surface of the plant cultivation system, and the other end is in communication with the root growth guide channel 64.
  • the baffle is inclined. At the opening of the nutrient recovery channel located on the upper surface of the plant growing system.
  • the baffle in this embodiment is a moisture interception belt 22, and a channel between the moisture interception belt 22 and the root growth guide channel 64 is a nutrient recovery channel.
  • a planar structure mounting mechanism made of a high-strength flexible fiber network is also provided.
  • the planar mounting mechanism is arranged on the bottom of the plant growth control system and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plant growth control system.
  • the two sides of the plane material A mounting hole 82 is provided; the shape of the mounting hole is circular and the diameter is 5 mm.
  • the mounting mechanism further includes a transverse reinforcing belt 81 located at the lower part of the plant growth control system and connected to the seed germination control mechanism, and a connecting rope 84 located on both sides.
  • the transverse reinforcing belt is controlled by the flexible fiber rope and the seed germination by sewing. Institutional connection.
  • the plant growing system of the present invention has very excellent effects on the germination of various plants.
  • the collection rate of natural precipitation can reach more than 95%, and the amount of water evaporation can be reduced by more than 95% compared with the bare ground; the maximum temperature of the inner root layer of the plant planting system can be controlled below 30 ° C in summer.
  • the germination rate of tall fescue, bluegrass, dogtooth root and other herbaceous plants can reach more than 96%, and the survival rate can reach 97%.
  • Vegetation coverage can reach more than 99%; Caragana seed germination rate can reach more than 85%, seedling survival rate can reach 95%.
  • the plant height can reach 50cm or more, and the vegetation coverage can reach 85% or more; silver
  • the germination rate of acacia seeds can reach more than 90%, and the survival rate of seedlings can reach 96%.
  • the plant height can reach more than 150cm, and the vegetation coverage can reach more than 97%.
  • the germination rate of the seeds of Elaeagnus can reach 91%.
  • the survival rate can reach 96%.
  • the plant height can reach 110cm or more, and the vegetation coverage can reach 93% or more.
  • the germination rate of herbaceous plants such as tall fescue, bluegrass, dogtooth root can reach more than 95%, and the survival rate can reach 95%.
  • One year after construction Vegetation coverage can reach 90% or more; Caragana seed germination rate can reach more than 83%, seedling survival rate can reach 93%.
  • the plant height can reach 40cm or more, and the vegetation coverage can reach more than 84%;
  • the germination rate of Leucaena seeds can reach more than 88%, and the survival rate can reach 95%.
  • the plant height can reach 120cm or more, and the vegetation coverage can reach 95% or more.
  • the germination rate of Eucalyptus seeds can reach 90%.
  • the survival rate can reach 95%.
  • the plant height can reach 100cm or more, and the vegetation coverage can reach 90% or more.
  • the germination rate of herbaceous plants such as tall fescue, bluegrass, dogtooth root can reach more than 92%, and the survival rate can reach 93%.
  • One year after construction Vegetation coverage can reach 85% or more; Caragana seed germination rate can reach 80% or more, and seedling survival rate can reach 90%.
  • the plant height can reach 30cm or more, and the vegetation coverage can reach 80% or more;
  • the germination rate of Leucaena seeds can reach more than 88%, and the survival rate can reach 95%.
  • the plant height can reach more than 100cm, and the vegetation coverage can reach more than 90%.
  • the germination rate of the seeds of Elaeagnus can reach 88%.
  • the survival rate can reach 90%.
  • the plant height can reach more than 80cm and the vegetation coverage can reach more than 85%.
  • the germination rate of herbaceous plants such as tall fescue, bluegrass, and dogroot can reach more than 90%, and the survival rate can reach 85%.
  • Vegetation coverage can reach more than 80%; Caragana seed germination rate can reach more than 80%, seedling survival rate can reach 85%.
  • the plant height can reach more than 80cm, and the vegetation coverage can reach more than 70%;
  • the germination rate of Leucaena seeds can reach more than 80%, and the survival rate can reach 85%.
  • the plant height can reach more than 100cm and the vegetation coverage can reach more than 85%.
  • the germination rate of the seeds of Elaeagnus can reach 85%.
  • the survival rate can reach 90%.
  • the plant height can reach 120cm or more, and the vegetation coverage can reach 80% or more.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de régulation d'humidité de croissance végétale et un système de croissance végétale utilisant le dispositif de régulation. Le dispositif de régulation d'humidité de croissance végétale comprend un système de régulation de collecte d'humidité, un système de régulation d'extraction d'humidité et un mécanisme de régulation de croissance racinaire. Le dispositif de régulation d'humidité de croissance végétale et le système de croissance végétale utilisant le dispositif de régulation peuvent être agencés selon diverses formes structurales spatiales, de façon à être applicables à différentes conditions de pente, ce qui permet d'obtenir les fonctions de protection écologique, de végétalisation de paysage, d'isolation thermique et d'économie d'énergie, de préservation du sol et de l'eau et de lutte contre le sable.
PCT/CN2018/095195 2018-07-10 2018-07-10 Dispositif de régulation d'humidité de croissance végétale et système de croissance végétale utilisant le dispositif de régulation WO2020010528A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2018/095195 WO2020010528A1 (fr) 2018-07-10 2018-07-10 Dispositif de régulation d'humidité de croissance végétale et système de croissance végétale utilisant le dispositif de régulation

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CN109688800A (zh) 2019-04-26

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