WO2020007488A1 - Système d'alimentation en énergie - Google Patents

Système d'alimentation en énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020007488A1
WO2020007488A1 PCT/EP2018/068398 EP2018068398W WO2020007488A1 WO 2020007488 A1 WO2020007488 A1 WO 2020007488A1 EP 2018068398 W EP2018068398 W EP 2018068398W WO 2020007488 A1 WO2020007488 A1 WO 2020007488A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
control cabinet
controller
control
photovoltaic system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/068398
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maximilian Bindl
Original Assignee
BINDL, Marianne
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BINDL, Marianne filed Critical BINDL, Marianne
Priority to PCT/EP2018/068398 priority Critical patent/WO2020007488A1/fr
Publication of WO2020007488A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020007488A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • H02J15/008—Systems for storing electric energy using hydrogen as energy vector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an energy supply system for supplying buildings with electrical and thermal energy.
  • FIG. 1 Such a system essentially consists of a photovoltaic system PV, which can be arranged on the roof of the building, for example.
  • the photovoltaic system is coupled to an inverter WR, which converts the direct current provided by the photovoltaic system PV into alternating current.
  • thermal energy for example for hot water preparation or building heating
  • a remote heating network for example, or to heat water by means of gas heating.
  • the building usually has to be connected to the public gas network.
  • the hot water treatment can also be carried out with the aid of an oil heater, an appropriately dimensioned oil tank having to be provided in or on the building for the storage of the heating oil.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide solutions which enable a self-sufficient supply of buildings with electrical and thermal energy, without the buildings having to be connected to the public supply infrastructure.
  • an energy supply system comprising
  • the second control cabinet or the second control can be coupled via a communication link to the first control cabinet or the first control, the first control cabinet or the first control to the second control cabinet or the second control via the communication link - information about the power production by the photo voltaic system provides, and / or
  • FIG. 5 shows a second subsystem of the system according to the invention comprising the
  • the control system can cause the excess electricity to produce hydrogen.
  • the control can be set here so that the water in the water tank is first brought to a maximum temperature before hydrogen is generated with the excess current of the photovoltaic system.
  • the control can be set so that in the event that the Water in the tank has already reached the maximum temperature and the hydrogen tanks are full, the maximum permissible maximum temperature of the water in the water tank can be increased briefly in order to heat the water even further with the excess electricity from the photovoltaic system.
  • the photovoltaic system does not supply electrical power, the electricity required in the building is provided by the battery. Additionally or alternatively, the electricity required can also be provided by the generator of the gas engine. - The photovoltaic system does not supply any electrical current and falls below it
  • the electrical energy stored in the accumulator is used to heat the water in the water tank.
  • This can be advantageous, for example, if the gas engine fails and the photovoltaic system does not supply any electrical current and the water in the water tank falls below the minimum temperature.
  • the likelihood that all conditions will occur that make it necessary to heat the water with the accumulator is extremely low, so that this is only regarded as an emergency solution.
  • the current of the photovoltaic system supplied to the first control cabinet SS1 can be fed to the accumulator, where it is stored.
  • the accumulator can then provide the electricity required for the existing electrical consumers in the building via the HV house distributor. If necessary, the direct current taken from the accumulator is converted into alternating current.
  • the charging station LS can be designed in such a way that it can deliver electrical energy to the energy supply system if required, provided an electric vehicle is coupled to the charging station LS.
  • the battery of the electric vehicle can thus be used as an additional power store for the energy supply system according to the invention.
  • the control cabinet SS1 is also coupled to a hydrogen system in order to supply the hydrogen system with the energy required for the production of hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen system here essentially consists of a device WE for generating hydrogen, for example by means of water electrolysis, a hydrogen tank WT in which the generated hydrogen is stored, and a hydrogen treatment WA with which the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank WT for use as Fuel is processed in the gas engine GM.
  • the first control of the first control cabinet SS1 is set in such a way that the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is then used to produce hydrogen if this electricity does not have to be used for any other purpose.
  • the inventive design of the gas engine GM thus not only heats the water in the water tank T via the generator G, but also with the help of the cooler K and the exhaust gases of the gas engine, so that particularly efficient heating of the water is achieved.
  • the gas motor GM is provided for heating the water in the water tank T when the electrical current provided by the photovoltaic system PV is not sufficient to heat the water.
  • the water in the water tank T is heated both with the help of the gas motor GM and with the help of the electricity from the photovoltaic system PV, for example when the hot water consumption is particularly high and the water temperature in the water tank T is already high is close to the minimum water temperature or is likely to fall below the minimum water temperature.
  • the first control and the second control are coordinated so that sufficient electrical energy is available for the electrical consumers in the building and sufficient hot water (e.g. for heating in the building) at all times. These two requirements are therefore met with the highest priority, i.e. for example, that electricity from the photovoltaic system PV is only used to produce hydrogen, for example, when the supply to the electrical consumers in the building is sufficiently secure.
  • the excess current of the photovoltaic system is used either for heating the water in the water tank T or for producing hydrogen. Whether this excess electricity is used to heat the water or to generate hydrogen can make the first controller dependent on the current water temperature and the current level of the hydrogen tanks. If, for example, the water in the water tank has a temperature close to the permissible minimum temperature and the hydrogen tanks WT are sufficiently filled, the excess electrical current of the photovoltaic system can be used to heat the water. Vice versa The excess electricity can be used to generate hydrogen if the hydrogen tanks have a low filling level and the water temperature in the water tank T is sufficiently high.
  • the first controller can be designed so that part of the excess electricity for hydrogen generation and the other part of the excess electricity for the heating of the water is used. In this case, however, the first controller can also take into account the current hot water consumption and provide all of the excess electricity for the production of hydrogen if no hot water is currently being used.
  • Control can be adapted so that it allows a short-term heating of the water in the water tank T beyond the actually permissible maximum temperature up to a second maximum temperature. If this second maximum temperature is also reached, the first controller can activate the charging station LS in order to charge the battery of the electric vehicle if an electric vehicle is connected to the charging station LS.
  • the gas engine GM is used to operate a generator G, the electrical current of which is supplied to the heating elements HS in the water tank T in order to heat the water.
  • the second controller can switch on a heat exchanger W with which the heat energy of the coolant of the cooler K of the gas engine GM is supplied to the water in the hydrogen tank.
  • the heat exchanger W can be a plate heat exchanger which, as already explained above, is coupled to the cooler K and the water tank T via corresponding feed lines VL and return lines RL.
  • the two controls can be adapted so that the battery is also charged with the help of the gas engine GM or with the help of the generator G assigned to the gas engine. This may be necessary, for example, if the photovoltaic system PV generates no or insufficient electrical current over a longer period of time in order to charge the battery.
  • the first controller can then provide the second controller with information about the communication link KV that the gas engine GM is required to charge the battery.
  • the second control can then start the gas engine GM with a start signal.
  • the generator G itself can also be connected to the second controller via corresponding control lines, so that the second controller can cause the generator G to generate the generated current to the accumulator or the heating element, or to supply both the accumulator and the heating elements.
  • the heat exchanger W and the condensing boiler BW can also be controlled or regulated with the second controller. If, for example, the gas engine GM is only required for the generation of electric current to charge the accumulator, the second controller can cause the heat exchanger W to separate from the water circuit of the water tank T or from the coolant circuit of the cooler K. In addition, the second control can cause the condensing boiler to feed the exhaust gases from exhaust A directly to the chimney. - The second controller can also determine whether the water in the water tank T can only be heated with the heat exchanger W and the condensing boiler BW when the gas engine is in operation. If this is the case, the second controller can cause the generator G to either supply the electrical current generated by it to the accumulator or alternatively to the hydrogen system to generate hydrogen.
  • the first subsystem can also be operated independently of the other components of the energy supply system or independently of the second subsystem shown in FIG. 5.
  • the first subsystem or subsystem comprises the photovoltaic system, the hydrogen system and the gas engine.
  • the photovoltaic system consists essentially of the photovoltaic system PV, the inverter WR and the protection mechanism SM.
  • the hydrogen system essentially consists of the device WE for generating hydrogen, one or more hydrogen tanks WT and a hydrogen treatment plant WA.
  • the hydrogen system generates and processes hydrogen so that it can be used as a fuel for the GM gas engine.
  • the first subsystem comprises at least the second control cabinet SS2 or the second controller.
  • a major advantage of providing a hydrogen dispenser WZ is that the hydrogen does not have to be transported to refuel vehicles that are powered by hydrogen, for example to a gas station, which can significantly reduce the cost of hydrogen.
  • the first control can also be adapted to heat the heating element HS with electrical current from the accumulator or, if the electrical power provided by the photovoltaic system PV is insufficient, around the heating element HS warm up to a certain temperature, additionally supply electrical current from the accumulator to the heating element HS.
  • sensors can be arranged in the water tank or in the feed and / or return lines of the water tank, with which the hot water consumption can be measured.
  • the data from these sensors can also be fed to the first controller, so that the first controller can selectively apply more current to the heating elements HS when there is an increased consumption of hot water and, if necessary, can switch on the accumulator for heating the heating element.
  • the charging station LS can also be provided in order to charge the energy store of electric vehicles.
  • the charging station can be coupled to the accumulator or to the first control cabinet SS1.
  • the charging station LS can have a billing system with which the electricity drawn can be billed or paid.
  • a device can be provided with which payment by bank card, credit card or the like is made possible.
  • the electrical current generated can thus be made available to the public in order to charge electricity-powered vehicles. Under optimal conditions, the system according to the invention can be amortized in 2 to 3 years.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'alimentation en énergie comprenant un système photovoltaïque, un système à hydrogène et un moteur (GM), le système photovoltaïque comprenant une installation photovoltaïque (PV), un onduleur (WR) relié à l'installation photovoltaïque (PV) et un mécanisme de protection (SM) relié à l'onduleur (WR) et/ou à l'installation photovoltaïque (PV), le système à hydrogène comprenant un dispositif de production d'hydrogène (WE) pour produire de l'hydrogène, un réservoir d'hydrogène (WT) pour stocker l'hydrogène produit et un dispositif de préparation d'hydrogène (WA) pour préparer l'hydrogène stocké dans le réservoir d'hydrogène (WT), et le moteur (GM) étant relié au dispositif de préparation d'hydrogène (WA) et étant conçu pour pouvoir fonctionner avec l'hydrogène préparé. Le système photovoltaïque est relié au système à hydrogène par l'intermédiaire d'une première armoire de commande ou d'une première unité de commande (SS1), le courant électrique produit par le système photovoltaïque pouvant être fourni au dispositif de préparation d'hydrogène par l'intermédiaire de la première armoire de commande ou de la première unité de commande (SS1).
PCT/EP2018/068398 2018-07-06 2018-07-06 Système d'alimentation en énergie WO2020007488A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2018/068398 WO2020007488A1 (fr) 2018-07-06 2018-07-06 Système d'alimentation en énergie

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2018/068398 WO2020007488A1 (fr) 2018-07-06 2018-07-06 Système d'alimentation en énergie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020007488A1 true WO2020007488A1 (fr) 2020-01-09

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0864220A (ja) * 1994-08-24 1996-03-08 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 水素貯蔵発電システム
JP2001197790A (ja) * 2000-01-06 2001-07-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd ハイブリッド発電装置
DE102004027433A1 (de) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-29 Daimlerchrysler Ag Fahrzeug mit zwei Energiespeichern und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Fahrzeuges
JP2014122399A (ja) * 2012-12-21 2014-07-03 Toshiba Corp 水素電力供給システム

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0864220A (ja) * 1994-08-24 1996-03-08 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 水素貯蔵発電システム
JP2001197790A (ja) * 2000-01-06 2001-07-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd ハイブリッド発電装置
DE102004027433A1 (de) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-29 Daimlerchrysler Ag Fahrzeug mit zwei Energiespeichern und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Fahrzeuges
JP2014122399A (ja) * 2012-12-21 2014-07-03 Toshiba Corp 水素電力供給システム

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