WO2020003927A1 - Solid component separator control device, solid component separating device, marine exhaust gas scrubber system, and marine diesel engine - Google Patents

Solid component separator control device, solid component separating device, marine exhaust gas scrubber system, and marine diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020003927A1
WO2020003927A1 PCT/JP2019/022212 JP2019022212W WO2020003927A1 WO 2020003927 A1 WO2020003927 A1 WO 2020003927A1 JP 2019022212 W JP2019022212 W JP 2019022212W WO 2020003927 A1 WO2020003927 A1 WO 2020003927A1
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solid component
control device
component separator
discharge timing
engine
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PCT/JP2019/022212
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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裕二 佐野
尚史 桶谷
和久 伊藤
平岡　直大
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株式会社ジャパンエンジンコーポレーション
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Priority to CN201980031392.9A priority Critical patent/CN112135959B/en
Priority to KR1020207031984A priority patent/KR102404292B1/en
Publication of WO2020003927A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020003927A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/32—Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/32—Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels
    • B63H21/34—Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels having exhaust-gas deflecting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
    • F02D41/0072—Estimating, calculating or determining the EGR rate, amount or flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention provides a marine exhaust gas scrubber system equipped with a scrubber for removing SOx, NOx, and unburned carbon contained in exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine, and purifies circulating water of the scrubber system.
  • a solid component separator such as a centrifugal separator
  • a control device for a solid component separator constituting the solid component separator and a marine diesel engine.
  • an exhaust gas scrubber system is used to remove particulate matter (solid components) such as unburned carbon contained in exhaust gas.
  • a solid component is absorbed by scrubber water, which is water for dust removal, and then separated from the scrubber water by a solid component separator.
  • the separated solid component is intermittently discharged at a timing when a predetermined amount of the solid component is accumulated. If the above-mentioned discharge is performed before the solid components are sufficiently accumulated, the amount of scrubber water discharged together with the solid components increases, and the degree of concentration decreases. On the other hand, if the solid components accumulate too much, the solidification hardens and the discharge becomes difficult.
  • the present invention provides: After absorbing the solid components discharged from the engine into the scrubber water, the solid components are separated from the scrubber water by a solid component separator, and the solid component separation controlling the discharge timing of discharging the separated solid components from the solid component separator.
  • Control device of the machine A discharge timing control unit for determining a discharge timing of the solid component from the solid component separator based on a value corresponding to an engine output is provided.
  • the solid component can be easily discharged from the solid component separator at an appropriate timing.
  • 5 is a graph showing a relationship among an engine load, an EGR gas amount rate, and a discharge time interval.
  • 9 is a graph illustrating an example of discharge timing control.
  • the exhaust gas scrubber system includes a scrubber device 110 that captures particulate matter (solid components) such as unburned carbon contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine 101, and scrubber water in the scrubber device 110.
  • a centrifugal separator solid component separator having a centrifugal separator 122 (solid component separator) for removing solid components captured by W (fluid to be treated).
  • the scrubber device 110 has a scrubber 111 in more detail, and a part of the exhaust gas exhausted from the diesel engine 101 to the outside through the external exhaust pipe 103 is sent through the engine exhaust pipe 102, Is absorbed by the scrubber water W in the scrubber 111 to remove dust.
  • the cleaned exhaust gas in the scrubber 111 can be returned to the diesel engine 101 via an exhaust gas return pipe 104.
  • the scrubber water W stored in the scrubber 111 is circulated through a circulation pipe 112 by a pump (not shown), and a part of the water is sent to a centrifuge 122 to be cleaned as described later. Another part of the circulated scrubber water W is injected into the scrubber 111 via the spray nozzle 113 together with the cleaned scrubber water W, thereby preventing the solid component concentration of the scrubber water W from increasing. It has become.
  • a part of the scrubber water W circulated through the circulation pipe 112 is sent to a centrifuge 122 through an inflow pipe 121, and after solid components are removed by the centrifuge 122, the solid matter is removed through an outflow pipe 123. And returned to the circulation pipe 112.
  • the solid component separated and removed from the scrubber water W is discharged by, for example, opening a valve (not shown) at a predetermined timing as described later under the control of the centrifuge controller 133 (discharge timing control unit). It has become.
  • the centrifuge control device 133 controls the timing of discharging the solid components in the centrifuge 122 based on the engine load factor (engine output) of the diesel engine 101.
  • the engine load factor is provided to the centrifuge control device 133 from the EGR control device 131 via the scrubber control device 132, for example.
  • the EGR gas amount which is the amount of the exhaust gas flowing into the scrubber 111, is represented by an exhaust gas amount ⁇ EGR rate. Then, based on the EGR gas amount when the engine load ratio is 100%, the EGR gas amount at various engine load ratios is defined as the EGR gas amount ratio (that is, the EGR gas amount when the engine load ratio is 100%).
  • the EGR gas amount rate at various engine load factors changes, for example, as shown in FIG. Specifically, for example, if the EGR gas amount ratio increases as the engine load ratio increases, the solid component in the exhaust gas flowing into the scrubber 111 also increases accordingly.
  • the separation efficiency of the solid components by the centrifugal separator 122 increases as the concentration of the solid components in the scrubber water W increases. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2, the time until the sludge space capable of storing the solid components of the centrifuge 122 becomes full generally becomes shorter as the engine load factor becomes larger. (Note that the relationship between the engine load factor and the EGR gas amount is determined variously depending on the actual machine, for example, and is not necessarily a proportional relationship or a monotonically increasing relationship.) Therefore, as shown in the following (Table 1), by controlling the solid components to be discharged at time intervals determined based on the average load ratio MR of the diesel engine 101, the solid components are excessively collected and solidified.
  • the engine load factor is provided to the centrifuge control device 133 from the EGR control device 131 via the scrubber control device 132 as described above. Is relatively easy, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it is only necessary that the engine load factor be given to the centrifuge controller 133. Further, not only the engine load factor is used but also a similar control can be performed if a value corresponding to the engine output is obtained. For example, the discharge timing of the solid component may be controlled based on various control values or measured values, or based on the EGR gas amount ratio obtained by measuring or calculating the EGR gas amount.
  • the next discharge timing is determined after 47 minutes (time b). If the average load factor until the next time (time b) is 50%, the next discharge timing is determined 32 minutes later (time c).
  • the solid components accumulated in the centrifuge 122 are discharged at a timing according to the operation state of the diesel engine 101, so that the solid components can be easily discharged at a necessary and sufficient timing. become. Therefore, while keeping the degree of concentration of the solid component high, it is easy to prevent the solid component from collecting too much and solidifying or clogging to make it difficult to discharge, and to easily generate vibration or breakage in the centrifuge 122. Can be prevented.

Abstract

In order to facilitate discharge of a solid component from a solid component separator with an appropriate timing, a centrifugal separator control device 133 (solid component separating device) for controlling a discharge timing at which a solid component discharged from an engine (diesel engine 101) is separated from scrubber water, after having been absorbed into the scrubber water, by means of a centrifugal separator 122 (solid component separator), and the separated solid component is discharged from the centrifugal separator 122 is provided with a discharge timing control unit which, on the basis of a value corresponding to the output of the diesel engine 101, determines the discharge timing of the solid component from the centrifugal separator 122.

Description

固形成分分離機の制御装置、固形成分分離装置、舶用排気ガススクラバーシステム、および舶用ディーゼルエンジンControl device for solid component separator, solid component separator, marine exhaust gas scrubber system, and marine diesel engine
　本発明は、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス中に含まれるＳＯｘ、ＮＯｘ、および未燃カーボンを取り除くなどのためのスクラバーが搭載される舶用排気ガススクラバーシステム、上記スクラバーシステムの循環水を清浄化するための遠心分離装置等の固形成分分離装置、固形成分分離装置を構成する固形成分分離機の制御装置、および舶用ディーゼルエンジンに関するものである。 The present invention provides a marine exhaust gas scrubber system equipped with a scrubber for removing SOx, NOx, and unburned carbon contained in exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine, and purifies circulating water of the scrubber system. For a solid component separator such as a centrifugal separator, a control device for a solid component separator constituting the solid component separator, and a marine diesel engine.
　船舶用ディーゼルエンジン等では、排気ガスに含まれる未燃焼カーボン等の粒子状物質（固形成分）を除去するために、排気ガススクラバーシステムが用いられる。この排気ガススクラバーシステムでは、固形成分を除塵用の水であるスクラバー水に吸収させた後、固形成分分離機でスクラバー水から分離するようになっている。固形成分分離機では、分離された固形成分が所定量溜まったタイミングで間欠的に排出される。上記排出は、固形成分が十分溜まらないうちに行われると、固形成分とともに排出されるスクラバー水の量が多くなり、濃縮程度が低くなる。一方、固形成分が溜まり過ぎると、固まって排出が困難になる。 (4) In marine diesel engines, etc., an exhaust gas scrubber system is used to remove particulate matter (solid components) such as unburned carbon contained in exhaust gas. In this exhaust gas scrubber system, a solid component is absorbed by scrubber water, which is water for dust removal, and then separated from the scrubber water by a solid component separator. In the solid component separator, the separated solid component is intermittently discharged at a timing when a predetermined amount of the solid component is accumulated. If the above-mentioned discharge is performed before the solid components are sufficiently accumulated, the amount of scrubber water discharged together with the solid components increases, and the degree of concentration decreases. On the other hand, if the solid components accumulate too much, the solidification hardens and the discharge becomes difficult.
　そこで、固形成分分離機から排出されるスクラバー水の初期濁度と、上記初期濁度に対応する変化量とから作成されたテーブルを用いて排出タイミングを制御する技術が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。 Therefore, there is known a technique of controlling the discharge timing using a table created from the initial turbidity of the scrubber water discharged from the solid component separator and the change amount corresponding to the initial turbidity (for example, See Patent Document 1.).
特開２０１７－０２９９１９号公報JP 2017-029919 A
　しかしながら、上記のように濁度を制御に用いた場合は、濁度測定器の測定上限値が小さい場合などにはエンジン負荷の変化に伴う固形成分の発生量の変化に追従できないことになりがちである。また、濁度によって固形成分分離機から排出される固形成分濃度を制御するため、固形成分分離機の分離室から固形成分があふれ出した状態で検知するものとなり、間接的な検出をすることになる。そのような場合、必ずしも固形成分分離機から適切なタイミングで固形成分を排出させることが容易でない。 However, when turbidity is used for control as described above, when the measurement upper limit value of the turbidity measurement device is small, the change in the amount of generated solid components due to the change in engine load tends to be impossible. It is. In addition, since the solid component concentration discharged from the solid component separator is controlled by the turbidity, the solid component is detected in a state where the solid component overflows from the separation chamber of the solid component separator. Become. In such a case, it is not always easy to discharge the solid component from the solid component separator at an appropriate timing.
　本発明は、上記の点に鑑み、固形成分分離機から固形成分を適切なタイミングで排出させることが容易にできるようにすることを目的としている。 In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to facilitate discharge of a solid component from a solid component separator at an appropriate timing.
　上記の目的を達成するため、本発明は、
　エンジンから排出された固形成分をスクラバー水に吸収させた後、固形成分分離機によって上記スクラバー水から分離し、分離された固形成分を上記固形成分分離機から排出する排出タイミングを制御する固形成分分離機の制御装置であって、
　エンジン出力に応じた値に基づいて、上記固形成分分離機からの固形成分の排出タイミングを決定する排出タイミング制御部を備えたことを特徴とする。 To achieve the above object, the present invention provides:
After absorbing the solid components discharged from the engine into the scrubber water, the solid components are separated from the scrubber water by a solid component separator, and the solid component separation controlling the discharge timing of discharging the separated solid components from the solid component separator. Control device of the machine,
A discharge timing control unit for determining a discharge timing of the solid component from the solid component separator based on a value corresponding to an engine output is provided.
　これにより、エンジンの運転状態に応じたタイミングで、固形成分分離機に蓄積された固形成分の排出が行われる。それゆえ、固形成分の濃縮程度を高く保つとともに、固形成分が溜まりすぎたりしないようにすることが容易にできる。 This allows the solid components accumulated in the solid component separator to be discharged at a timing according to the operating state of the engine. Therefore, the concentration of the solid component can be kept high, and the solid component can be easily prevented from being excessively accumulated.
　本発明によれば、固形成分分離機から固形成分を適切なタイミングで排出させることが容易になる。 According to the present invention, the solid component can be easily discharged from the solid component separator at an appropriate timing.
排気ガススクラバーシステムの概略構成を示す説明図である。It is an explanatory view showing a schematic structure of an exhaust gas scrubber system. エンジン負荷と、ＥＧＲガス量率と、排出時間間隔との関係を示すグラフである。5 is a graph showing a relationship among an engine load, an EGR gas amount rate, and a discharge time interval. 排出タイミング制御の例を示すグラフである。9 is a graph illustrating an example of discharge timing control.
　以下、本発明の実施形態として、ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガスを除塵する排気ガススクラバーシステムの例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, an example of an exhaust gas scrubber system for removing exhaust gas from a diesel engine will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
　（排気ガススクラバーシステムの概略構成）
　排気ガススクラバーシステムは、図１に示すように、ディーゼルエンジン１０１の排気ガスに含まれる未燃焼カーボン等の粒子状物質（固形成分）を捕捉するスクラバー装置１１０と、上記スクラバー装置１１０内のスクラバー水Ｗ（被処理流体）に捕捉された固形成分を除去する遠心分離機１２２（固形成分分離機）を有する遠心分離装置（固形成分分離装置）とを備えている。 (Schematic configuration of exhaust gas scrubber system)
As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas scrubber system includes a scrubber device 110 that captures particulate matter (solid components) such as unburned carbon contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine 101, and scrubber water in the scrubber device 110. A centrifugal separator (solid component separator) having a centrifugal separator 122 (solid component separator) for removing solid components captured by W (fluid to be treated).
　スクラバー装置１１０は、より詳しくはスクラバー１１１を有し、ディーゼルエンジン１０１から外部排気管１０３を通って外部に排気される排気ガスの一部がエンジン排気管１０２を介して送られ、その排気ガス中の固形成分をスクラバー１１１内のスクラバー水Ｗに吸収させて除塵するようになっている。スクラバー１１１内の清浄にされた排気ガスは、排気ガス戻り管１０４を介してディーゼルエンジン１０１に戻され得るようになっている。スクラバー１１１内に貯留されるスクラバー水Ｗは、循環配管１１２を介して図示しないポンプにより循環され、その一部は後述するように遠心分離機１２２へ送られ清浄にされる。循環されるスクラバー水Ｗの他の一部は上記清浄にされたスクラバー水Ｗとともにスプレーノズル１１３を介してスクラバー１１１内に噴射されることにより、スクラバー水Ｗの固形成分濃度の上昇が防がれるようになっている。 The scrubber device 110 has a scrubber 111 in more detail, and a part of the exhaust gas exhausted from the diesel engine 101 to the outside through the external exhaust pipe 103 is sent through the engine exhaust pipe 102, Is absorbed by the scrubber water W in the scrubber 111 to remove dust. The cleaned exhaust gas in the scrubber 111 can be returned to the diesel engine 101 via an exhaust gas return pipe 104. The scrubber water W stored in the scrubber 111 is circulated through a circulation pipe 112 by a pump (not shown), and a part of the water is sent to a centrifuge 122 to be cleaned as described later. Another part of the circulated scrubber water W is injected into the scrubber 111 via the spray nozzle 113 together with the cleaned scrubber water W, thereby preventing the solid component concentration of the scrubber water W from increasing. It has become.
　上記循環配管１１２を介して循環されるスクラバー水Ｗの一部は、流入管１２１を介して遠心分離機１２２に送られ、固形成分が遠心分離機１２２により除去された後、流出管１２３を介して循環配管１１２に戻されるようになっている。スクラバー水Ｗから分離、除去された固形成分は、遠心分離機制御装置１３３（排出タイミング制御部）の制御により、後述するように所定のタイミングで図示しないバルブが開かれる等して排出されるようになっている。 A part of the scrubber water W circulated through the circulation pipe 112 is sent to a centrifuge 122 through an inflow pipe 121, and after solid components are removed by the centrifuge 122, the solid matter is removed through an outflow pipe 123. And returned to the circulation pipe 112. The solid component separated and removed from the scrubber water W is discharged by, for example, opening a valve (not shown) at a predetermined timing as described later under the control of the centrifuge controller 133 (discharge timing control unit). It has become.
　遠心分離機制御装置１３３は、ディーゼルエンジン１０１のエンジン負荷率（エンジン出力）に基づいて、上記遠心分離機１２２における固形成分の排出タイミングを制御するようになっている。上記エンジン負荷率は、例えばＥＧＲ制御装置１３１からスクラバー制御装置１３２を介して遠心分離機制御装置１３３に与えられる。 The centrifuge control device 133 controls the timing of discharging the solid components in the centrifuge 122 based on the engine load factor (engine output) of the diesel engine 101. The engine load factor is provided to the centrifuge control device 133 from the EGR control device 131 via the scrubber control device 132, for example.
　すなわち、ディーゼルエンジン１０１から排出された排気ガスのうち、スクラバー１１１に流入する排気ガスの量であるＥＧＲガス量は、排気ガス量×ＥＧＲ率で示される。そして、エンジン負荷率が１００％の時のＥＧＲガス量を基準として、種々のエンジン負荷率の時のＥＧＲガス量をＥＧＲガス量率とすると（つまりエンジン負荷率が１００％の時のＥＧＲガス量率が１００％）、種々のエンジン負荷率の時のＥＧＲガス量率は、例えば図２に実測の例を示すように変化する。具体的には、例えばエンジン負荷率が大きくなるほど、ＥＧＲガス量率が大きくなるとすると、これに伴って、スクラバー１１１に流入する排気ガス中の固形成分も多くなる。一方、遠心分離機１２２による固形成分の分離効率は、スクラバー水Ｗ中の固形成分濃度が高いほど高くなる。したがって、遠心分離機１２２の固形成分を収容可能なスラッジスペースが満杯になるまでの時間は、図２に併せて示すように、一般にエンジン負荷率が大きいほど短くなる。（なお、エンジン負荷率とＥＧＲガス量との関係は例えば実機に応じて種々定まり、比例関係や単調増加の関係にあるとは限らない。）
　そこで、下記（表１）に示すように、ディーゼルエンジン１０１の平均負荷率ＭＲに基づいて決定される時間間隔で固形成分が排出されるように制御することにより、固形成分が溜まりすぎて固まったり十分溜まらないうちに排出されて濃縮程度が低くなったりするのを防止することが容易にできる。ここで、エンジン負荷率は、ＥＧＲ制御装置が最初に受け取る場合が多いので、上記のようにＥＧＲ制御装置１３１からスクラバー制御装置１３２を介して遠心分離機制御装置１３３に与えられるように構成することが比較的容易であるが、これに限らず、エンジン負荷率が遠心分離機制御装置１３３に与えられさえすればよい。また、エンジン負荷率が用いられるのに限らず、エンジン出力に応じた値が得られれば、実質的に同様の制御を行うことができる。例えば、種々の制御値や計測値に基づいて、また、ＥＧＲガス量の計測や演算によって得られるＥＧＲガス量率に基づいて、固形成分の排出タイミングが制御されるようにしてもよい。 That is, of the exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine 101, the EGR gas amount, which is the amount of the exhaust gas flowing into the scrubber 111, is represented by an exhaust gas amount × EGR rate. Then, based on the EGR gas amount when the engine load ratio is 100%, the EGR gas amount at various engine load ratios is defined as the EGR gas amount ratio (that is, the EGR gas amount when the engine load ratio is 100%). The EGR gas amount rate at various engine load factors changes, for example, as shown in FIG. Specifically, for example, if the EGR gas amount ratio increases as the engine load ratio increases, the solid component in the exhaust gas flowing into the scrubber 111 also increases accordingly. On the other hand, the separation efficiency of the solid components by the centrifugal separator 122 increases as the concentration of the solid components in the scrubber water W increases. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2, the time until the sludge space capable of storing the solid components of the centrifuge 122 becomes full generally becomes shorter as the engine load factor becomes larger. (Note that the relationship between the engine load factor and the EGR gas amount is determined variously depending on the actual machine, for example, and is not necessarily a proportional relationship or a monotonically increasing relationship.)
Therefore, as shown in the following (Table 1), by controlling the solid components to be discharged at time intervals determined based on the average load ratio MR of the diesel engine 101, the solid components are excessively collected and solidified. It is possible to easily prevent the water from being discharged before the water is sufficiently accumulated and the degree of concentration from being lowered. Here, since the engine load factor is often received first by the EGR control device, the engine load factor is provided to the centrifuge control device 133 from the EGR control device 131 via the scrubber control device 132 as described above. Is relatively easy, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it is only necessary that the engine load factor be given to the centrifuge controller 133. Further, not only the engine load factor is used but also a similar control can be performed if a value corresponding to the engine output is obtained. For example, the discharge timing of the solid component may be controlled based on various control values or measured values, or based on the EGR gas amount ratio obtained by measuring or calculating the EGR gas amount.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　（制御の具体例）
　以下、具体的な制御の例として、ディーゼルエンジン１０１が図３に示すような負荷率の変化をしながら運転された場合の例を説明する。 (Specific example of control)
Hereinafter, as a specific example of control, an example in which the diesel engine 101 is operated while changing the load factor as shown in FIG. 3 will be described.
　まず、ディーゼルエンジン１０１が始動されると、一旦、遠心分離機１２２のスラッジスペースに蓄積されている固形成分を排出する動作がなされる。この動作は、必ずしも必要とは限らないが、始動初期におけるスラッジスペース内のスラッジ残渣状態が不明な場合でも、始動初期にスラッジ排出動作を実行させることで、確実にスラッジスペース内にスラッジ残渣がない状態で運転を開始することができ安定運転に繋げやすくすることができる。 First, when the diesel engine 101 is started, an operation of once discharging the solid components accumulated in the sludge space of the centrifuge 122 is performed. This operation is not always necessary, but even if the state of sludge residue in the sludge space in the initial stage of the start is unknown, by executing the sludge discharge operation in the initial stage of the start, there is no sludge residue in the sludge space. Operation can be started in the state, and it can be easily connected to stable operation.
　また、次の固形成分の排出は、エンジン負荷率が１００％で運転された後の場合に対応する２３分後（時間ａ）に行われる。すなわち、この時点でのスクラバー１１１内のスクラバー水Ｗの濃度は不明であっても、１つ前のタイミング間で、スクラバー水Ｗが最高の濃度となることが想定される、エンジン負荷率が１００％だったとした場合の時間で一旦排出することにより、やはり固形成分が溜まりすぎるのを防止することが確実にできる。 {Circle around (2)} The next solid component is discharged after 23 minutes (time a) corresponding to the case where the engine is operated at an engine load factor of 100%. That is, even if the concentration of the scrubber water W in the scrubber 111 at this time is unknown, it is assumed that the scrubber water W has the highest concentration between the previous timings. By discharging once in the time when it is assumed to be%, it can be surely prevented that the solid component is excessively accumulated.
　一方、ディーゼルエンジン１０１の始動後、エンジン負荷率が、２３分後（時間ａ）に５０％になるまで徐々に増加したとすると、その間の平均負荷率、例えば１分ごとの負荷率の平均値は２５％となる。そこで、次の排出タイミングは、４７分後（時間ｂ）に決定される。また、その次に（時間ｂ）までの平均負荷率が５０％であれば、さらに次の排出タイミングは３２分後（時間ｃ）に決定される。 On the other hand, if it is assumed that the engine load factor gradually increases to 50% after 23 minutes (time a) after the start of the diesel engine 101, the average load factor during that time, for example, the average value of the load factor for each minute Is 25%. Therefore, the next discharge timing is determined after 47 minutes (time b). If the average load factor until the next time (time b) is 50%, the next discharge timing is determined 32 minutes later (time c).
　以下、同様に、（時間ｃ）から（時間ｊ）まで、それぞれ、第１の排出タイミングから、次の第２の排出タイミングまでの間のエンジン負荷率の平均値が算出され、これに応じて、さらに次の第３の排出タイミングまでの時間が決定される。 Hereinafter, similarly, from (time c) to (time j), the average value of the engine load factor from the first discharge timing to the next second discharge timing is calculated, and accordingly, the average value is calculated. , And the time until the next third discharge timing is determined.
　また、ディーゼルエンジン１０１が停止される際には（時間ｋ）、それまでのエンジン負荷率に係わらず、固形成分の排出が行われる。この排出も必ずしも必要とは限らないが、遠心分離機１２２のスラッジスペースを空にしておくことによって、次の運転に備えることができる。なお、このような運転停止時の排出と前記のような始動時の排出とは、何れか一方だけが行われるようにしたり、始動後の最初の排出までの時間を、その前に運転停止するまでの負荷状態を記憶しておいて、それに基づいて始動後の排出タイミングを決定したりしてもよいが、上記のように始動時および停止時の両方行われるようにしたり、最初は最短の時間間隔で排出されるようにしたりすることによって、エンジン停止中に不測の事態が生じた場合などでも高い安全性を得ることが容易になる。 (4) When the diesel engine 101 is stopped (time k), the solid components are discharged regardless of the engine load factor up to that time. Although this discharge is not always necessary, the sludge space of the centrifuge 122 can be emptied to prepare for the next operation. It should be noted that only one of the discharge at the time of the operation stop and the discharge at the start as described above is performed, or the operation until the first discharge after the start is stopped. May be stored, and the discharge timing after the start may be determined based on the load state.However, both the start and the stop are performed as described above. By discharging the fuel at time intervals, it is easy to obtain high safety even when an unexpected situation occurs while the engine is stopped.
　上記のように、ディーゼルエンジン１０１の運転状態に応じたタイミングで、遠心分離機１２２に蓄積された固形成分の排出が行われることによって、必要十分なタイミングでの固形成分の排出を行うことが容易になる。それゆえ、固形成分の濃縮程度を高く保つとともに、固形成分が溜まりすぎて固まったり詰まったりし排出困難になることや、遠心分離機１２２において振動が発生したり破損が生じたりすることを容易に防止できる。 As described above, the solid components accumulated in the centrifuge 122 are discharged at a timing according to the operation state of the diesel engine 101, so that the solid components can be easily discharged at a necessary and sufficient timing. become. Therefore, while keeping the degree of concentration of the solid component high, it is easy to prevent the solid component from collecting too much and solidifying or clogging to make it difficult to discharge, and to easily generate vibration or breakage in the centrifuge 122. Can be prevented.
　しかも、濁度計などの測定器などを必要としないことなどから、製造コストを低く抑えることも容易にできる。 Furthermore, since a measuring instrument such as a turbidity meter is not required, the production cost can be easily reduced.
　　　　１０１　　　ディーゼルエンジン
　　　　１０２　　　エンジン排気管
　　　　１０３　　　外部排気管
　　　　１０４　　　排気ガス戻り管
　　　　１１０　　　スクラバー装置
　　　　１１１　　　スクラバー
　　　　１１２　　　循環配管
　　　　１１３　　　スプレーノズル
　　　　１２１　　　流入管
　　　　１２２　　　遠心分離機
　　　　１２３　　　流出管
　　　　１３１　　　ＥＧＲ制御装置
　　　　１３２　　　スクラバー制御装置
　　　　１３３　　　遠心分離機制御装置
  101 Diesel engine 102 Engine exhaust pipe 103 External exhaust pipe 104 Exhaust gas return pipe 110 Scrubber device 111 Scrubber 112 Circulation pipe 113 Spray nozzle 121 Inflow pipe 122 Centrifuge 123 Outflow pipe 131 EGR control device 132 Scrubber control device 133 Centrifuge control apparatus

Claims (8)

  1. 　エンジンから排出された固形成分をスクラバー水に吸収させた後、固形成分分離機によって上記スクラバー水から分離し、分離された固形成分を上記固形成分分離機から排出する排出タイミングを制御する固形成分分離機の制御装置であって、
    　エンジン出力に応じた値に基づいて、上記固形成分分離機からの固形成分の排出タイミングを決定する排出タイミング制御部を備えたことを特徴とする固形成分分離機の制御装置。     After absorbing the solid components discharged from the engine into the scrubber water, the solid components are separated from the scrubber water by a solid component separator, and the solid component separation controlling the discharge timing of discharging the separated solid components from the solid component separator. Control device of the machine,
    A control device for a solid component separator, comprising: a discharge timing control unit that determines a discharge timing of the solid component from the solid component separator based on a value corresponding to an engine output.
  2. 　請求項１の固形成分分離機の制御装置であって、
    　上記排出タイミング制御部は、ＥＧＲガス量率に基づいて、上記固形成分分離機からの固形成分の排出タイミングを決定することを特徴とする固形成分分離機の制御装置。     A control device for a solid component separator according to claim 1,
    The control device for a solid component separator, wherein the discharge timing control unit determines a discharge timing of the solid component from the solid component separator based on an EGR gas amount rate.
  3. 　請求項１および請求項２のうち何れか１項の固形成分分離機の制御装置であって、
    　第１の排出タイミングから、後続する第２の排出タイミングまでの時間における、所定の時間間隔ごとのエンジン出力に応じた値の平均値に基づいて、上記第２の排出タイミングから、後続する第３の排出タイミングまでの時間が決定されることを特徴とする固形成分分離機の制御装置。     A control device for a solid component separator according to any one of claims 1 and 2,
    Based on the average value of the values corresponding to the engine output at predetermined time intervals during the period from the first discharge timing to the subsequent second discharge timing, the third discharge timing from the second discharge timing is determined. A controller for a solid component separator, wherein a time until a discharge timing of the solid component is determined.
  4. 　請求項１から請求項３のうち何れか１項の固形成分分離機の制御装置であって、
    　エンジンの運転開始時、およびエンジンの運転停止時の少なくとも一方の際に、上記固形成分を排出させることを特徴とする固形成分分離機の制御装置。     It is a control device of the solid component separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    A control device for a solid component separator, wherein the solid component is discharged at least at the time of starting operation of the engine and / or at the time of stopping operation of the engine.
  5. 　請求項１から請求項４のうち何れか１項の固形成分分離機の制御装置であって、
    　エンジンの運転開始から最初の排出タイミングまでの時間は、エンジン出力が最高出力の場合に対応する時間であることを特徴とする固形成分分離機の制御装置。     It is a control device of the solid component separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    A control device for a solid component separator, wherein the time from the start of operation of the engine to the first discharge timing is a time corresponding to the case where the engine output is the maximum output.
  6. 　請求項１から請求項５のうち何れか１項の固形成分分離機の制御装置と、
    　上記固形成分分離機と、
    　を備えたことを特徴とする固形成分分離装置。     A control device for a solid component separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    The solid component separator,
    A solid component separation device comprising:
  7. 　請求項６の固形成分分離装置と、
    　上記スクラバー水が貯留されるスクラバーと、
    　を備えたことを特徴とする排気ガススクラバーシステム。     A solid component separation device according to claim 6,
    A scrubber in which the scrubber water is stored,
    An exhaust gas scrubber system comprising:
  8. 　請求項７の排気ガススクラバーシステム備えたことを特徴とする舶用ディーゼルエンジン。
          A marine diesel engine provided with the exhaust gas scrubber system according to claim 7.
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