WO2020001097A1 - Wheel set used for variable gauge bogie and bogie - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of variable gauges for rail vehicles, and disclosed thereby are a wheel set used for a variable gauge bogie and the bogie, the wheel set comprising wheels, an axle and variable gauge mechanisms, wherein the variable gauge mechanisms comprise a fixing sleeve, a locking pin, a mitigation sleeve and an unlocking disc. The wheels are slidably disposed at two ends of the axle, and the variable gauge mechanisms are respectively disposed on the inner side axles of the wheels. The unlocking disc is pushed to drive the locking pin to move upwards, so that the fixing sleeve is unlocked from the mitigation sleeve. Thus, the wheels are locked or unlocked conveniently, thereby implementing the variable gauge. In the present application, the wheel set variable gauge process is convenient and reliable.

Description

Wheel pair and bogie for variable-gauge bogie

cross reference

This application refers to Chinese Patent Application No. 2018106974956 entitled "A Wheelset and Bogie for Variable Gauge Bogies" filed on June 29, 2018, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of variable gauge of rail vehicles, and in particular, to a wheelset and a bogie for a variable gauge bogie.

Background technique

With the rapid development of global economic integration, cross-border passenger and cargo transportation has grown rapidly in recent years. However, due to the different gauges of railways in various countries, it has caused serious obstacles to cross-border rail transportation. In order to solve the problem of the different gauges of the railways in various countries, which hinders the cross-border railway transportation, a variable gauge train is proposed, that is, by changing the wheels on its own wheelset when the train runs on the railways of other countries The distance between them to adapt to the gauge of other countries' railways.

In the process of changing the gauge of a train, the distance between the wheels set at both ends of the axle will be adjusted. At this time, the wheels need to be moved in the axis direction of the axle. After the distance between the wheels is adjusted, the wheels need to The axis of the axle remains fixed. The existing variable gauge wheelset has a complicated structure, and its reliability is not high when changing gauges, which cannot meet the current needs for changing gauges of trains.

Summary of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

This application is intended to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

The purpose of the present application is to provide a wheelset and a bogie for a variable-gauge bogie, which are reliable in changing gauge.

(Two) technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a wheel pair for a variable gauge bogie, which includes wheels, axles and a variable gauge mechanism; the wheels are slidably provided at both ends of the axle, and The gauge change mechanism is respectively provided on the inner axle of the wheel and is configured to lock or unlock the wheel; the gauge change mechanism includes: a fixed sleeve, a locking pin, a relief sleeve and an unlocking disc;

The hub of the wheel is extended to the inner side of the wheel to form a connecting portion;

The fixing sleeve includes an axially connected fixing portion and a nesting portion, the fixing portion is fixedly sleeved on the axle and is located inside the wheel, and the nesting portion is located between the wheel and the fixing Between departments

The relief sleeve is slidably sleeved on the fixed sleeve, and an inner wall of the relief sleeve is provided with an unlocking groove and a locking pin groove connecting the unlocking groove and the inner wall of the relief sleeve, and the unlocking groove The extension direction is located on the same plane as the axis of the axle, and is arranged at an angle to the axis of the axle; one end of the lock pin is hingedly connected to the pin, and the pin is slidably connected to the unlock groove; The other end of the locking pin is located in the locking pin groove;

The connecting portion is slidably inserted into the nesting portion; a surface of the connecting portion is provided with a plurality of gauge changing holes along its axial direction; a locking hole is provided on the nesting portion, and the locking pins are in turn Inserting the locking hole and a single gauge change hole to achieve the wheel locking;

The unlocking disc is provided on the outer wall of the relief sleeve, and the push pin is caused to slide along the unlocking groove by pushing the unlocking disc, thereby driving the locking pin upward to move away from the gauge change hole where it is located, thereby achieving Wheels are unlocked to achieve variable gauge.

Wherein, a reset seat is provided on the outer wall of the fixed sleeve in the circumferential direction; a section of a reset spring installation groove communicating with the outer end thereof is opened on the inner periphery of the relief sleeve, and an annular relief plate cover is provided on the outer end. A reset spring is sleeved on the fixed sleeve, the reset seat and the reset spring are disposed in the reset spring installation groove, one end of the reset spring abuts against the reset seat, and the other end of the reset spring Against the relief plate cover.

Wherein, an alignment seat is provided on the outer wall of the connection portion, and the alignment seat is a plane parallel to the axial direction; an alignment table matching the alignment seat is provided on the inner wall of the nesting portion, and The alignment platform is a plane parallel to the axial direction; the gauge conversion hole is disposed on the alignment base; matchingly, the locking hole is disposed on the alignment platform.

Wherein, the number of the plurality of gauge conversion holes is two, with two of the gauge conversion holes as a group, and a plurality of groups of the gauge conversion holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the connecting portion; Locking holes corresponding to a plurality of sets of the gauge conversion holes are provided in a circumferential direction of the nesting portion.

Wherein, a torque groove is provided on an inner wall of the connecting portion, and the torque groove is an axial groove-like structure; a torque block matching the torque groove is provided inside the nesting portion, and the torque block is a shaft In a strip-like structure, a gap is provided between the torque block and the nested portion to accommodate the connection portion.

Wherein, the axle is provided with a wheel mounting seat, and a sliding bearing is sleeved on the outside of the wheel mounting seat, and the sliding bearing is in an interference fit with the wheel mounting seat; a shaft sleeve is embedded in the inside of the wheel hub. The shaft sleeve is in interference fit with the hub; the wheel is in sliding connection with the sliding bearing through the shaft sleeve.

Wherein, the unlocking grooves are provided in pairs, two ends of the pin shaft are respectively located in the two unlocking grooves, the pin shaft is perpendicular to the extending direction of the unlocking grooves, and the locking pin and the pin The middle part of the shaft is hingedly connected; two ends of the pin shaft are respectively provided with bearings, and the bearings are slidably connected with the unlocking grooves through the bearings.

Wherein, the relief sleeve includes an unlocking piece and a fixing ring; the unlocking piece has a one-cylinder structure, and one end of the unlocking piece is provided with an assembling screw hole, and the four unlocking pieces are assembled into the relief through the fixing ring. A sleeve; the unlocking groove is provided at an interface position where the unlocking piece is assembled into a complete cylinder.

Wherein, an outer wall of the relief sleeve is provided with an unlocking disk mount, the unlocking disk is provided on the unlocking disk mount, the unlocking disk is assembled by two semi-circular disks, and the unlocking disk mount Is a ring perpendicular to the outer wall of the relief sleeve; the interface of the unlocking disc is docked with the interface of the relief sleeve.

Wherein, the inner and outer sides of the wheel are respectively provided with an inner shield and an outer shield, a side wall of the spoke plate of the wheel is provided with a shield installation seat, and one end of the inner shield is installed with the shield. The other end is connected to the outer side wall of the relief sleeve, one end of the outer protective cover is connected to the protective cover mounting seat, and the other end is connected to the axle.

The present application also provides a variable gauge bogie, including a frame and the aforementioned wheelset for a variable gauge bogie, the wheelset being mounted on the frame for implementing the variable gauge of the bogie.

(Three) beneficial effects

Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

A wheelset and a bogie for a variable gauge bogie provided in the present application, wherein the wheelset includes wheels, an axle and a variable gauge mechanism; the wheels are slidably provided at both ends of the axle, so The gauge changing mechanism is respectively arranged on the inner axle of the wheel. By designing a specific gauge changing mechanism, the gauge changing mechanism specifically includes a fixed sleeve, a locking pin, a relief sleeve and an unlocking disc. The locking pin is driven to move upwards, so that the fixed sleeve and the relief sleeve are unlocked, thereby conveniently locking or unlocking the wheel, and realizing the track gauge change. The process of track gauge change is convenient and reliable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a wheel pair of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a wheel set of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of a wheelset structure of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic diagram of a wheelset structure of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first locked state of a wheel set according to the present application; FIG.

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheelset unlocking process of the present application;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel-to-track gauge conversion process of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheelset locking process to a second locked state of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 9 is a first schematic structural diagram of an axle of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 10 is a second schematic diagram of the axle structure of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a first schematic structural diagram of a wheel of the present application; FIG.

12 is a second schematic diagram of a wheel structure of the present application;

13 is a third schematic diagram of a wheel structure of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a first schematic structural diagram of a fixing sleeve and a locking pin of the present application; FIG.

15 is a second structural schematic diagram of a fixing sleeve and a locking pin of the present application;

16 is a third structural schematic diagram of a fixing sleeve and a locking pin of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a first schematic structural diagram of an unlocking member of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 18 is a second structural diagram of an unlocking member of the present application; FIG.

19 is a first schematic structural diagram of a locking pin, a relief sleeve, and a bearing pin of the present application;

FIG. 20 is a second structural schematic diagram of a locking pin, a relief sleeve, and a bearing pin of the present application; FIG.

21 is a third structural schematic diagram of a locking pin, a relief sleeve and a bearing pin of the present application;

22 is a first structural schematic diagram of a locking pin, a relief sleeve, a bearing pin, a return spring, and an unlocking disk of the present application;

23 is a second structural schematic diagram of a locking pin, a relief sleeve, a bearing pin, a return spring, and an unlocking disk of the present application;

FIG. 24 is a third structural schematic diagram of a locking pin, a relief sleeve, a bearing pin, a return spring, and an unlocking disk of the present application; FIG.

25 is a first structural schematic diagram of a bogie of the present application;

FIG. 26 is a second structural diagram of the bogie of the present application.

In the figure: 1-axle, 11-wheel mount, 12-bearing mount, 13-brake disc mount, 14-slide bearing;

2-wheel, 21-hub, 22-connection, 23-gauge conversion hole, 24-alignment seat, 25-torque slot, 26-keyhole bushing, 27-spoke plate, 28-shield cover mount, 29-axle sleeve;

3-fixed sleeve, 31-fixed part, 32-nested part, 33-locking hole, 34-position table, 35-torque block, 36-reset seat;

4-locking pin;

5-Relief sleeve, 51-unlocking piece, 511-unlocking slot, 512-locking pin slot, 513-aligning slot, 514-aligning block, 515-unlocking plate mounting seat, 516-assembly screw hole, 517- Reset spring mount, 518-unlocking plate cover screw hole, 52-fixing ring, 53-releasing plate cover;

6-bearing pin, 61-pin shaft, 62-bearing;

7-return spring;

8- unlock the disk;

9- protective cover, 91-inner protective cover, 92-outer protective cover;

X-framework.

detailed description

The specific implementation of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms “center”, “portrait”, “horizontal”, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “ The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplify The description, rather than indicating or implying, the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise. For example, they may be fixed connections or removable. Connected or integrated; it can be mechanical or electrical; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meanings of "a plurality", "a plurality of roots", and "a plurality of groups" are two or more.

Taking the CRH5 EMU as an example, the physical size meets the basic requirements for the spatial position of the CRH5 EMU bogie wheel pair; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.

An embodiment of the present application provides a wheel pair for a variable gauge bogie, as shown in FIG. 1-8, including an axle 1, a wheel 2 and a variable gauge mechanism; the wheel 2 is slidably disposed on the wheel At both ends of the axle 2, the gauge changing mechanism is respectively provided on the inner axle 1 of the wheel 2 and is configured to lock or unlock the wheel 2. The gauge changing mechanism specifically includes: a fixed sleeve 3 , Locking pin 4, relief sleeve 5 and unlocking disc 8;

As shown in FIGS. 11-13, the wheel 2 includes a hub 21 that extends inwardly of the wheel 2 in the axial direction to form a connecting portion 22. Compared with the existing wheel, the wheel 2 only has the axial dimension of the inner portion of the hub 21 extended, that is, the connecting portion 22. In the lengthened position of the hub 21, two cylindrical holes with a diameter of 4mm and a distance of 42.5mm are designed, that is, gauge change holes 23, for gauge change between the standard gauge of 1435mm and the wide track of 1520mm, or the axial distance according to the Requirements for changing gauges are determined. At the same time, in order to ensure the sufficient strength of the axial fixation of the wheel 2, the gauge conversion holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and are arranged in groups of two. They are provided on the radial sides of the connection portion, and are located at the hub extension portion, that is, the connection portion 22 The outer surface of the gauge change hole is cut into a flat shape, that is, the alignment seat 24, which is not only conducive to the insertion of the locking pin 4, avoids the error when inserting the cylindrical surface, but also facilitates the precise alignment during installation, ensuring the axle 1 The axis of the gauge change hole 23 and the axis of the locking hole 33 on the fixed sleeve 3 are on the same plane.

As shown in FIGS. 14-16 and 2-4, the fixing sleeve 3 is a cylindrical structure, and the fixing sleeve 3 is composed of a fixing portion 31 and a nesting portion 32 which are axially connected to each other. The inner diameter of 32 is larger than the inner diameter of the fixing portion 31. The fixing portion 31 is fixedly sleeved on the axle 1 and is located inside the wheel 2. The nesting portion 32 is located between the wheel 2 and the wheel. Between the fixing portions 31, the fixing portion 31 is in an interference fit with the axle 1; the connection portion 22 is fitted with the nesting portion 32 in a clearance fit; during installation, the fixing portion 31 of the fixing sleeve 3 is closely attached to the brake The outer side of the disk is installed at the hub portion of the disk; the outer surface of the fixed sleeve 3 is designed with a convex seat configured to install the axial positioning of the return spring 7, that is, the reset base 36; the peripheral surface of the fixed sleeve 3 is provided with four locking holes of 15 mm diameter 33. It is configured to fit the locking pin 4. The locking holes 33 on the inner surface of the fixing sleeve 3 are designed to be planar, and can cooperate with the planes on the hub 21. The structure of the fixed sleeve 3 is relatively complicated, and the blank part can be produced by casting, and then the inner surface is processed, and then the contact surface is finished.

As shown in Figs. 2-4, the connecting portion 22 is slidably inserted into the inside of the nesting portion 32; the connecting portion 22 may be provided with two gauge changing holes 23 in the axial direction, and the nesting portion 32 is provided with a locking hole 33, the locking hole 33 is a through hole, and one end of the locking pin 4 is slidably inserted into the locking hole 33 and a single gauge change hole 23 in sequence; two gauges The conversion hole 23 has a diameter of 15mm and an interval of 42.5mm. It is used to change the gauge between the standard gauge of 1435mm and the wide gauge of 1520mm, or the axial distance is determined according to the requirements of the transformed gauge.

As shown in FIGS. 2-4 and 17-24, the relief sleeve 5 is a cylindrical structure, and the relief sleeve 5 is slidably sleeved on the fixed sleeve 3. An unlocking groove 511 is provided inside the side wall, and the extending direction of the unlocking groove 511 is located on the same plane as the axis of the axle 1 and is arranged at an angle with the axis of the axle 1. The size of the angle can ensure the locking pin. It can be moved up and down or inserted into the gauge changing hole 23. The end of the relief sleeve 5 near the wheel 2 is designed with an oblate groove, that is, an unlocking groove 511, and a bearing pin 6 is installed; the angle between the oblate groove and the axis of the axle 1 is designed to be 35 °, and the angle should not be too large to avoid When mitigating the axial movement of the sleeve 5, the clamping phenomenon due to an excessively large angle; the angle should not be too small, although a small inclination angle has a good lifting function when the mitigating sleeve 5 moves in the axial direction, but When the same height is lifted, the axial stroke distance will inevitably increase, and the axial dimension of the mitigation sleeve 5 will also increase. Because the CRH5 EMU bogie has a distance of 166.5mm from the outside of the brake disc to the inside of the wheel, and the width of the brake disc hub is 20mm on one side, the available lateral space is only 146.5mm; in order to reasonably arrange the locking mechanism in a narrow space The angle should not be too small.

As shown in FIGS. 2-4 and 17-24, specifically, the bearing pin 6 includes a pin shaft 61, and an end portion of the pin shaft 61 is located inside the unlocking groove 511 and extends along the unlocking groove 511 along the same. Slide connection in extension direction. The relief sleeve 5 interacts with the ground unlocking rail through the unlocking disc 8 to make it move along the axle 1 axially toward the side of the wheel 2; the relief sleeve 5 is also provided with the unlocking groove 511 and the interior of the relief sleeve 5 In the interlocking locking pin slot 512, the other end of the locking pin 4 extends into the locking pin slot 512 and is hingedly connected to the pin shaft 61. In order to ensure that the locking pin 4 can move axially during unlocking, A part of the material is cut off at the position where the relief sleeve 5 cooperates with the locking pin 4 to form a locking pin groove 512; the locking pin 4 is used to restrict the axial movement of the wheel 2 along the axle 1, and it cooperates with the relief sleeve 5 and the fixing sleeve. The cylinder 3 and the wheel 2 are in contact with each other. The clearance fit is adopted. The diameter of the locking pin 4 can be 15mm. When the locking pin 4 is located at the bottom end of the unlocking groove 511, a certain length of the locking pin groove 512 is extended. The lower end of the hour lock pin 4 is inserted into the lock hole 33 and the gauge change hole 23 to achieve wheel locking.

As shown in Figs. 2-4, the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 3 is provided with a reset seat 36 configured to locate the return spring 7. The inner periphery of the relief sleeve 5 is provided with a section of a reset spring which communicates with its outer end. A groove 517, and an annular relief disk cover 53 is provided as a blocking portion at the end; a return spring 7 is sleeved on the fixed sleeve 3, and the return seat 36 and the return spring 7 are provided on the return spring installation In the groove 517, one end of the return spring 7 abuts against the return seat, and the other end of the return spring 7 abuts against the relief plate cover 53, so that the return spring 7 is disposed on the fixed sleeve 3 and the relieve sleeve. Between 5 and 5 when the relief sleeve 5 is pushed, the compression sleeve 5 of the relief sleeve 5 moves toward the direction of the wheel. At this time, the pin 61 moves upward along the unlocking groove 511 and leaves the gauge change hole 23 where it is located. The wheels are unlocked.

As shown in Figs. 2-4, an outer wall of the relief sleeve 5 is provided with an unlocking disk mount 515, and the unlocking disk 8 is provided on the unlocking disk mount 515; the unlocking disk 8 is composed of two semicircular circles It consists of a ring and is installed on the protruding base of the relief sleeve 5 by screws, that is, on the unlocking plate mounting seat 515. This design can easily and quickly remove and install the unlocking plate 8 and the relief sleeve 5. It is convenient for inspection and maintenance, without disassembling the wheel 2 and the brake disc, and even directly replacing the bogie without separating the wheel-to-axle box device.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 11-13, and 25-26, the wheel 2 further includes a spoke plate 27, and a side wall of the spoke plate 27 is provided with a protective cover mounting seat 28, and the protective cover mounting seat 28 is a ring A convex boss is provided, and the annular boss is provided with a screw hole; in order to ensure the cleanliness of the contact surfaces of the mechanisms and prevent the pollution of the lubricant by dust, the wheel 2 is provided with a protective cover 9 and the protective cover 9 includes an inner protective cover 91 provided on the inner side of the wheel and an outer protective cover 92 on the outer side of the wheel. The inner protective cover 91 and the outer protective cover 92 are both cylindrical structures. One end of the inner protective cover 91 and the protective cover The mounting seat 28 is connected, the other end is connected to the outer side wall of the relief sleeve 5, one end of the outer protective cover 92 is connected to the protective cover mounting seat 28, and the other end is connected to the axle 1. The protective cover is made of rubber. The material has both a certain hardness and a certain deformability. It can deform at different gauge positions to meet the adaptability of the protective cover after the wheel moves axially. The axle 1 further includes a bearing mount 12, which is connected to the frame X of the bogie. At the position of the wheel spoke 27, a ring-shaped boss is processed for installing the inner and outer protective covers, that is, the protective cover mounting seat 28, and bolt mounting holes are provided. The inner and outer protective covers are mounted on the wheel spokes by bolts. Rotate with wheel 2.

As shown in FIGS. 9-10, in order to facilitate the installation of the wheel 2, the axle 1 includes a wheel mounting seat 11, and the wheel mounting seat 11 has a constant shaft diameter within a range of gauge change. A sliding bearing 14 is sleeved on the outside of the wheel mounting seat 11, and the sliding bearing 14 is in interference fit with the wheel mounting seat 11. A hub 29 is embedded in the hub 21 of the wheel 2, and the hub 29 is in an interference fit with the hub 21; the hub 29 is clearance-fitted with the sliding bearing 14, and the wheel 2 passes through the shaft The sleeve 29 is in sliding connection with the sliding bearing 14. The axle 1 keeps the bearing mount 12, gear box mount, hollow shaft diameter, etc. unchanged, and widens the 165mm shaft diameter between the wheel mount 11 and the brake disk mount 13 of the CRH5 axle to a 194mm shaft diameter. It has the same diameter as the brake disc mounting seat 13; the axial dimension of the wheel mounting seat 11 is also widened accordingly to ensure that the vertical force transmitted by the wheel can be normally carried after the gauge change. The bearing mount 12 of the axle 1 is 102.5mm away from the outer shoulder of the wheel seat, and the diameter is 160mm. The axial dimension is sufficient. After it becomes a wide gauge, the wheel 2 will not contact the axle box. The distance between the axle boxes can ensure that the wheels will not interfere after changing from the standard gauge to the wide gauge. Therefore, this design will not affect the running performance and installation position of components such as the bogie axle box and the primary suspension.

As shown in FIG. 4, an alignment wall 24 is provided on the outer wall of the connection portion 22, and the alignment wall 24 is a plane parallel to the axial direction; an inner wall of the nesting portion 32 is disposed with the alignment wall 24. A matching alignment platform 34 is a plane parallel to the axial direction; the gauge conversion hole 23 is provided on the alignment base 24; matchingly, the locking hole 33 is provided on The alignment table 34 facilitates accurate and fast docking of the gauge change hole 23 and the lock hole 33.

As shown in FIG. 4, with the two gauge conversion holes 23 as a group, four groups of gauge conversion holes 23 may be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the connecting portion 22, and of course, other numbers may be provided. The number of groups; lock holes 33 corresponding to the number of groups of the gauge conversion holes 23 are provided in the circumferential direction of the nesting portion 32. In order to facilitate the locking and unlocking of the locking pin, the aperture of the gauge change hole 23 is provided with a chamfered structure on the side facing the outside of the connecting portion 22, and the locking pin 4 is inserted into the locking hole 33. A chamfer structure is provided at one end.

As shown in FIG. 4, the inner wall of the connecting portion 22 is provided with a torque slot 25, and the torque slot 25 is an axial rectangular slot-like structure; the inside of the nesting portion 32 is provided to match the torque slot 25. The torque block 35 is an axial rectangular strip structure. A gap is provided between the torque block 35 and the nesting portion 32 to accommodate the connecting portion 22. The torque slot 25 is provided between two adjacent sets of the gauge change holes 23; matchingly, the torque block 35 is provided between two adjacent lock holes 33; the torque block The length of 35 is smaller than the length of the nesting portion 32. The torque transmission method of the wheel 2 and the axle 1 adopts the following method, that is, the bearing area hub 21 is a sliding bearing, and the connection portion 22 is a manner in which the 1 / 4-lobed ring crosses the corresponding structure of the fixed sleeve 3 to transmit torque. Effectively separate the load bearing area from the torque transmission, avoiding poor automatic centering performance and low load carrying capacity when designing rectangular splines in the entire hub hole. The load-bearing area and the torsional transmission are divided into two different areas, which reduces the severe working conditions of complicated wheel forces. The structure of the fixed sleeve 3 that meshes with the wheel is that the inside also has a structure of four round petals, corresponding to the four torque grooves 25 of the connection portion 22. During the installation, the two cooperate with each other to transmit torque. At the same time, this spline-coordinated torque transmission method fixes the rotational freedom and releases the axial sliding freedom. After that, the gauge change can be successfully completed.

As shown in FIG. 11-13, a keyhole bushing 26 is embedded in the gauge conversion hole 23, the keyhole bushing 26 has a cylindrical structure, and the keyhole bushing 26 and the gauge change The hole 23 is in an interference fit; the lock pin 4 is slidably inserted into the keyhole bushing 26; the keyhole bushing 26 is made of a wear-resistant composite metal material to ensure strong wear resistance and extrusion deformation ability At the same time, it also has a certain self-lubricating ability after repeated wear and tear. After the wear, only the keyhole bushing 26 needs to be replaced. The entire wheel does not need to be scrapped. This reduces the replacement cost and facilitates maintenance. Economic Value.

As shown in FIGS. 17-24, the unlocking grooves 511 are arranged in pairs, and two ends of the pin shaft 61 are respectively located in the two unlocking grooves 511, and the pin shaft 61 is perpendicular to the extension of the unlocking groove 511 In the direction, the locking pin 4 is hingedly connected to the middle of the pin shaft 61.

As shown in FIGS. 12-19, the bearing pin 6 further includes a bearing 62, which is provided at both ends of the pin shaft 61, and the bearing 62 is located in the unlocking groove 511 and passes through the bearing 62 is slidably connected to the unlocking groove 511, and the bearing 62 is a deep groove ball bearing, code GB / T276-1994. The outer diameter of the bearing is 22mm, the inner diameter is 8mm, and the width is 7mm. The pin 61 and the bearing 62 adopt an interference fit. In order to prevent the bearing from loosening, a shaft elastic retaining ring is also installed. A corresponding groove is provided on the pin 61 for installing the elastic retaining ring. The bearing 62 is symmetrically installed. That is, two bearings are symmetrically installed on both sides of the pin shaft 61, and the locking pin 4 is vertically installed in the middle, which can ensure a more reasonable force and make the vertical movement of the locking pin 4 more reliable.

As shown in FIGS. 17-24, the relief sleeve 5 includes an unlocking piece 51 and a fixing ring 52; the unlocking piece 51 is a 1/4 cylindrical structure, and one end of the unlocking piece 51 is provided with an assembly screw hole 516. The four unlocking pieces 51 are assembled into the relief sleeve 5 through the fixing ring 52. The unlocking groove 511 is provided at the interface position where the unlocking piece 51 is assembled into a complete cylinder. An alignment slot 513 and an alignment block 514 are provided at the interface position of the 1/4 cylindrical structure. In order to meet the requirements of the assembly process, the relief sleeve 5 will be designed as a body. The relief sleeve 5 is composed of four 1/4 cylinders. At the interface of the 1/4 cylinder assembly surface, a rectangular slot is processed on one side, that is, a positioning groove 513; and the other side is processed with a rectangle accordingly. The boss, that is, the alignment block 514, can ensure accurate assembly and more convenient cooperation. Four screw holes are provided on the circumferential surface of the relief disk cover 53 and fixed by screws after the return spring 7 is installed. In addition, since the unlocking groove 511 is inside the relief sleeve 5, the integral structure cannot be realized during machining and installation. Therefore, a split-type relief sleeve, namely the unlocking piece 51, is used to divide the relief sleeve 5 into four equal parts, which are assembled by four 1/4 cylinders. This can facilitate the processing of a flat circular groove, that is, an unlocking groove 511. And installation, then the four parts are assembled together, and fixed on both sides with a fixing ring 52 and a relief plate cover 53 and screws. The problem that the integrated structure cannot be realized during machining and installation can be avoided because the unlocking groove 511 is inside the relief sleeve 5.

As shown in FIG. 17-18, the unlocking groove 511 is provided at the interface position where the 1/4 cylindrical structure is assembled into a complete cylinder, and the extending direction of the unlocking groove 511 is located on the same plane as the axis of the axle 1, and An angle is formed with the axis of the axle 1; the interface position is further provided with a locking pin groove 512 that communicates the unlocking groove 511 with the inside of the complete cylinder. An unlocking plate mounting seat 515 is provided on an outer wall of the 1/4 cylindrical structure, and the unlocking plate mounting seat 515 is a circular ring perpendicular to the outer wall of the 1/4 cylindrical structure, and the 1/4 cylinder One end of the structure is provided with assembling screw holes 516, and the inner wall of the 1/4 cylindrical structure is provided with a return spring installation groove 517, and the return spring installation groove 517 is extended to the 1/4 cylindrical structure. An 1/4 annular groove at one end, an unlocking disk cover screw hole 518 is provided at one end of the 1/4 cylindrical structure, and the unlocking disk cover screw hole 518 is located at one end of the return spring installation groove 517.

As shown in FIGS. 22-24, the unlocking disc 8 is assembled by two semi-circular discs, and the unlocking disc mounting seat 515 is a ring perpendicular to the outer wall of the relief sleeve 5; The interface is docked with the interface of the relief sleeve 5 and may be arranged in a staggered manner.

Two cylindrical holes with a distance of 42.5mm and 15mm are designed at the position where the wheel hub is lengthened (or the axial distance is determined according to the requirements of the changed gauge) for the standard gauge (1435mm) and the wide gauge (1520mm) Gauge transformation. The gauge change method of the above bogie, as shown in Figure 23-26, includes the following steps:

S1. As shown in FIG. 5, the connecting portion 22 is located in the nesting portion 32, and one gauge conversion hole 23 in each group is aligned with the locking hole 33; the locking pin 4 is inserted into the locking hole 33 and the gauge in order. In the changing hole 23; this is the first locked state;

S2. As shown in FIG. 6, the sliding relief sleeve 5 slides the bearing pin 6 from the end close to the axle 1 to the end far from the axle 1 in the unlocking groove 511, and the bearing pin 6 drives the locking pin 4 to The side far from the axle 1 slides to disengage the locking pin 4 from the gauge change hole 23; this is the unlocking process;

S3. As shown in FIG. 7, the hub 21 slides on the wheel mount 11 until the other gauge change hole 23 in each group is aligned with the lock hole 33; this is the gauge change process;

S4. As shown in FIG. 8, the sliding relief sleeve 5 slides the bearing pin 6 in the unlocking groove 511 from an end far from the axle 1 to an end close to the axle 1, and the bearing pin 6 drives the locking pin 4 to The side close to the axle 1 slides so that the locking pin 4 is inserted into the gauge change hole 23; this is the locking process to the second locked state.

During the gauge change process, both the axle box bearing mode and the wheel bearing mode are feasible. However, in order to reduce the unfavorable clearance caused by the wear of the flange and the friction on the mating surface, the axle box bearing mode should be adopted. Take the conversion process of wheel gauge from 1435mm quasi-gauge to 1520mm wide gauge as an example to illustrate the working principle of this embodiment:

1) As shown in FIG. 5, when the wheel 2 reaches the ground changing device, the support rail contacts the axle box, the bogie is lifted, and the wheel 2 is unloaded.

2) As shown in FIG. 6, the unlocking plate 8 overcomes the resistance of the return spring 7 under the action of the ground unlocking rail, so that the relief sleeve 5 moves in the opposite direction of the track centerline, and the thrust of the bearing 62 on the inclined surface of the unlocking groove 511 Tilt up and roll up, while driving the bearing pin 61 upward, pull up the locking pin 4 to release the wheel 2; at this point, the wheel is unlocked.

3) As shown in FIG. 7, subsequently, under the action of the ground guide rail, the wheel 2 moves to the outside, and the wheel gauge is changed from a 1435mm standard gauge position to a 1520mm wide gauge position.

4) As shown in Figure 8, after the required gauge is obtained, the thrust of the ground unlocking rail on the unlocking disc 8 will gradually weaken, and the unlocking disc 8 will return to its original position under the thrust of the reset spring 7. When the bearing 62 rolls obliquely and downwardly, it also forces the locking pin 4 to move downward into the gauge change hole 23, thereby restricting the movement of the wheel 2 in the axial direction, and finally reaching the wide gauge position.

When the inside distance of a wheel is changed from a wide rail position to a narrow rail position, the conversion process is basically the same as the above, and only the wheel needs to be moved in the opposite direction.

As shown in FIG. 5-8, in the step S1 or S4, a torque groove 25 is provided on the connecting portion 22 and a torque block 35 is provided on the nesting portion 32, and the torque groove 25 and the torque block 35 are matched with each other in a manner Provide a method of torque transmission. In the step S1 or S4, an alignment base 24 is provided on the connecting portion 22, and an alignment base 34 is provided on the nesting portion 32. The gauge pitch is changed by matching the alignment base 24 and the alignment base 34 to each other. The hole 23 is aligned with the locking hole 33. In step S2, an unlocking disc 8 is provided on the relief sleeve 5, and the relief sleeve 5 is driven to slide by driving the unlocking disc 8. In step S4, a reset spring 7 is provided between the fixed sleeve 3 and the relief sleeve 5, and the relief sleeve 5 is caused to slide by the reset spring 7. In the step S2 or S4, an unlocking groove 511 is provided in the relief sleeve 5. The extending direction of the unlocking groove 511 is located on the same plane as the axis of the axle 1 and at an angle with the axis of the axle 1. The axial movement of the relief sleeve 5 is converted into a radial movement of the locking pin 4. A bearing pin 6 is provided in the unlocking groove 511 perpendicular to the extending direction of the unlocking groove 511, and the locking pin 4 is connected to the bearing pin 6, so that the axial movement of the relief sleeve 5 is converted into the radial movement of the locking pin 4.

As shown in FIGS. 25-26, an embodiment of the present application further provides a variable gauge bogie, including a frame X and the aforementioned wheelset for a variable gauge bogie, the wheelset being installed on the On the frame X, it is used to realize the change of gauge of the bogie. The process of changing the gauge is simple and reliable.

It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present application can simply and reliably implement a variable gauge of a train.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in this application. Within the scope of protection.

Claims (11)

1. A wheel pair for a variable gauge bogie, which is characterized by comprising a wheel (2), an axle (1) and a variable gauge mechanism; the wheel (2) is slidably provided on the axle (1) At both ends, the gauge changing mechanism is respectively provided on the inner axle (1) of the wheel (2), and is configured to lock or unlock the wheel (2); the gauge changing mechanism includes: fixed Sleeve (3), locking pin (4), relief sleeve (5) and unlocking disc (8);

   The hub (21) of the wheel (2) is extended to the inside of the wheel (2) to form a connecting portion (22);

   The fixing sleeve (3) includes an axially connected fixing portion (31) and a nesting portion (32). The fixing portion (31) is fixedly sleeved on the axle (1) and located on the wheel ( 2) inside, the nesting portion (32) is located between the wheel (2) and the fixing portion (31);

   The relief sleeve (5) is slidably sleeved on the fixed sleeve (3), and an inner wall of the relief sleeve (5) is provided with an unlocking groove (511) and a communication with the unlocking groove (511) With the locking pin groove (512) on the inner wall of the relief sleeve (5), the extension direction of the unlocking groove (511) is located on the same plane as the axis of the axle (1), and with the axis of the axle (1) It is arranged at an angle; a pin shaft (61) is hingedly connected to one end of the locking pin (4), and the pin shaft (61) is slidably connected to the unlocking groove (511); The other end is located in the locking pin groove (512);

   The connecting portion (22) is slidably inserted into the nesting portion (32); a surface of the connecting portion (22) is provided with a plurality of gauge changing holes (23) along its axial direction; the nesting A locking hole (33) is provided on the part (32), and the locking pin (4) is sequentially inserted into the locking hole (33) and a single gauge change hole (23) to realize the wheel (2) lock tight;

   The unlocking plate (8) is arranged on the outer wall of the relief sleeve (5), and the pin (61) is slid along the unlocking groove (511) by pushing the unlocking plate (8), thereby driving all The locking pin (4) moves upward to leave the gauge change hole (23) where it is located to unlock the wheels and thereby change the gauge.
2. The wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that a reset seat (36) is provided on the outer wall of the fixed sleeve (3) in the circumferential direction; the relief sleeve (5) An inner spring is provided with a section of a return spring mounting groove (517) communicating with the outer end thereof, and an annular relief disk cover (53) is provided on the outer end; a return spring is sleeved on the fixed sleeve (3) (7) The reset seat (36) and the reset spring (7) are disposed in the reset spring mounting groove (517), and one end of the reset spring (7) abuts the reset seat, and the reset spring (7) The other end abuts against the relief plate cover (53).
3. The wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, wherein an outer wall of the connecting portion (22) is provided with an alignment seat (24), and the alignment seat (24) is connected with a shaft To a parallel plane; the inner wall of the nesting portion (32) is provided with an alignment table (34) matching the alignment seat (24), and the alignment table (34) is parallel to the axial direction A plane; the gauge change hole (23) is provided on the alignment base (24); matching, the locking hole (33) is provided on the alignment table (34).
4. The wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of gauge changing holes (23) is two, and the two gauge changing holes (23) ) Is a group, and multiple groups of the gauge conversion holes (23) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the connecting portion (22); and multiple groups are provided in the circumferential direction of the nesting portion (32). The gauge changing holes (23) have one-to-one corresponding locking holes (33).
5. The wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the connecting portion (22) is provided with a torque groove (25), and the torque groove (25) is an axial groove A torque block (35) matching the torque groove (25) is arranged inside the nesting part (32), the torque block (35) is an axial strip structure, and the torque block (35) A gap is received between the nesting portion (32) and the connecting portion (22).
6. The wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, wherein a wheel mount (11) is provided on the axle (1), and the wheel mount (11) is externally sleeved A sliding bearing (14) is provided, and the sliding bearing (14) is in interference fit with the wheel mounting seat (11); a shaft sleeve (29) is embedded in the inside of the hub (21), and the shaft sleeve (29) Interference fit with the wheel hub (21); the wheel (2) is slidingly connected with the sliding bearing (14) through the shaft sleeve (29).
7. The wheel pair for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, wherein the unlocking grooves (511) are provided in pairs, and two ends of the pin (61) are respectively located in the two unlockings. In the groove (511), the pin shaft (61) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the unlocking groove (511), and the locking pin (4) is hingedly connected to the middle of the pin shaft (61); the pin Bearings (62) are respectively provided on both ends of the shaft (61), and the bearings (62) and the unlocking grooves (511) are slidably connected.
8. The wheelset for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, wherein the relief sleeve (5) comprises an unlocking piece (51) and a fixing ring (52); the unlocking piece (51) It is a 1/4 cylinder structure. One end of the unlocking piece (51) is provided with an assembly screw hole (516). Four unlocking pieces (51) are assembled into the relief sleeve (5) through a fixing ring (52). ); The unlocking groove (511) is provided at an interface position where the unlocking piece (51) is assembled into a complete cylinder.
9. The wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, wherein an outer wall of the relief sleeve (5) is provided with an unlocking disk mounting seat (515), and the unlocking disk (8) is provided On the unlocking disk mounting base (515), the unlocking disk (8) is assembled by two semi-circular disks, and the unlocking disk mounting base (515) is perpendicular to the outer wall of the relief sleeve (5) The interface of the unlocking disc (8) is docked with the interface of the relief sleeve (5).
10. The wheel pair for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that an inner protective cover (91) and an outer protective cover (92) are provided on the inner and outer sides of the wheel (2) correspondingly, so that A side wall of a spoke plate (27) of the wheel (2) is provided with a protective cover mounting seat (28), one end of the inner protective cover (91) is connected to the protective cover mounting seat (28), and the other end is connected with An outer side wall of the relief sleeve (5) is connected, one end of the outer protective cover (92) is connected to the protective cover mounting seat (28), and the other end is connected to the axle (1).
11. A variable gauge bogie, comprising a frame, further comprising a wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to any one of claims 1-10.

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