WO2020000208A1 - 一种麻醉机及系统 - Google Patents

一种麻醉机及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020000208A1
WO2020000208A1 PCT/CN2018/092937 CN2018092937W WO2020000208A1 WO 2020000208 A1 WO2020000208 A1 WO 2020000208A1 CN 2018092937 W CN2018092937 W CN 2018092937W WO 2020000208 A1 WO2020000208 A1 WO 2020000208A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oxygen
anesthesia
anesthesia machine
gas
supply device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/092937
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄成华
潘瑞玲
梁冬生
黄继萍
Original Assignee
深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
深圳迈瑞科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司, 深圳迈瑞科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority to CN201880001137.5A priority Critical patent/CN109069782B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/092937 priority patent/WO2020000208A1/zh
Priority to CN202111461392.8A priority patent/CN114042216A/zh
Priority to EP18923921.3A priority patent/EP3815729A4/en
Publication of WO2020000208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020000208A1/zh
Priority to US17/128,167 priority patent/US20210146078A1/en

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Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to an anesthesia machine and system.
  • the function of the anesthesia machine is to perform inhalation anesthesia and mechanical ventilation on the patient during the operation.
  • an anesthesia ventilator With the help of an anesthesia ventilator, the patient maintains airway patency, improves ventilation and oxygenation, and prevents the body from hypoxia and CO 2 accumulation.
  • patients often require intubation ventilation. Therefore, the patient's asphyxia time window needs to be extended to allow time for intubation by the doctor. This is usually achieved by pre-oxygenating the patient.
  • the present application provides an anesthesia machine including an air source interface and an oxygen supply device and an anesthesia breathing device respectively connected to the air source interface; the oxygen supply device provides an oxygen-containing gas to a patient The anesthesia breathing device provides anesthesia breathing support for the patient.
  • the present application provides an anesthesia machine system including an anesthesia machine and an oxygen supply device, the anesthesia machine is provided with a fixing mechanism, and the oxygen supply device is detachably fixed to the place through the fixing mechanism. Described on anesthesia machine.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic structural diagram of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • 1c is a schematic structural diagram of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • 2a is a schematic structural diagram of an oxygen supply device of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • 2b is a gas path diagram of an oxygen supply device of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • 2c is a schematic structural diagram of an oxygen supply device of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • 3a is a specific structural diagram of an implementation scheme of an oxygen supply device of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • 3b is a specific structural diagram of an implementation scheme of an oxygen supply device of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anesthesia breathing apparatus of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of an implementation scheme of a breathing control module and a breathing circuit in an anesthesia breathing apparatus of an anesthesia machine according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment
  • Fig. 7b is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of an anesthesia machine in an embodiment.
  • Pre-oxygenation technology generally refers to the use of high-concentration oxygen inhalation to delay arterial blood caused by apnea before induction of anesthesia and before tracheal intubation. Oxygen saturation decreases.
  • oxygen-supplying device and oxygen-supplying device used to provide oxygen-containing gas mentioned in this application are not limited to the above-mentioned pre-oxygenation technology, but can also be applied to other clinical scenarios that require oxygen, such as postoperative Of oxygen.
  • a separate oxygen device is used to provide oxygen to the patient.
  • the asphyxia time window can be extended to provide doctors with time to establish artificial gas. Road.
  • it is necessary to use a separate oxygen-supplying device when administering oxygen to a patient which increases the difficulty of managing the device in a stressful surgical environment. There may also be a risk of insufficient resources or the machine not being found in an emergency.
  • the current oxygen supply equipment's own information is too independent and cannot be shared with anesthesia machines and other information systems.
  • the anesthesia machine 100 includes an air source interface 101 and an oxygen supply device 102 and an anesthesia breathing device 103 respectively connected to the air source interface 101.
  • the device 102 is used to provide oxygen-containing gas to the patient 105;
  • the anesthesia breathing device 103 is used to provide anesthesia breathing support to the patient 105.
  • the air source interface 101 is connected to the external air source 104 to provide the required gas for the anesthesia machine, including oxygen, laughing gas (nitrogen monoxide), air, and the like.
  • the gas provided by the gas source is a high-pressure gas, and a pressure reducing valve may be provided at the gas source outlet, or a pressure reducing valve may be provided at the gas source interface 101 of the anesthesia machine to provide a stable gas for the anesthesia machine.
  • the anesthesia machine provided in this application in addition to having an anesthesia breathing device 103 for providing anesthesia and breathing support for the patient, also integrates an oxygen supply device 102, which can directly use the anesthesia machine to perform oxygenation operation on the patient to extend the patient's asphyxia time window, Set aside time for your doctor's other operations, such as intubation.
  • the anesthesia machine includes only one air source interface 101, and the air source interface 101 is connected to an external air source 104 to provide oxygen to the anesthesia machine.
  • the oxygen input through the air source interface 101 respectively enters the air path of the oxygen supply device 102 and / or the anesthesia ventilator device 103 according to the working state of the anesthesia machine, and is finally sent to the patient 105.
  • the oxygen-supplying device 102 provides an oxygen-containing gas to the patient 105
  • the anesthesia ventilator device 103 provides the patient 105 with anesthesia breathing support.
  • the oxygen supply device 102 and the anesthesia breathing device 103 share one output interface.
  • the two share a mask for use by the patient 105.
  • only one of the oxygen supply device 102 and the anesthesia breathing device 103 may be in the working state.
  • the oxygen supply device 102 may share the ACGO outlet (auxiliary fresh gas outlet), the respiratory system suction port, or other outlets of the anesthesia breathing device.
  • the oxygen-supplying device 102 and the anesthesia-breathing device 103 each have independent air outlets, for example, both are provided with separate masks.
  • the oxygen-supplying device 102 and the anesthesia-breathing device 103 can be operated independently and used by the patient 105a and the patient 105b, respectively.
  • the oxygen supply device 102 and the anesthesia breathing device 103 can be provided with independent start switches to independently control the two; or the anesthesia machine can be configured with a master switch, which needs to be performed on the oxygen supply device 102 and the anesthesia breathing device 103. When independently turned on or off, it is controlled through the software control interface of the anesthesia machine.
  • the software control interface of the anesthesia machine can also be configured to control other functions and states of the oxygen supply device 102 and the anesthesia breathing device 103, respectively.
  • the anesthesia machine differs from FIG. 1b in that the gas source interface includes an oxygen input interface 101a for providing oxygen and a balanced gas input interface 101b for providing a balanced gas.
  • the oxygen input interface 101a is connected to an external oxygen gas source 104a
  • the balanced gas input interface 101b is connected to an external balanced gas source 104b.
  • the anesthesia machine may provide more than two gas source interfaces to facilitate the supply of more than two quantities of gas to the anesthesia machine.
  • FIG. 1c The structure of the anesthesia machine shown in FIG. 1c is described in detail below. Some of these contents can be applied to the structure of the anesthesia machine shown in FIGS. 1a-1b according to the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
  • the oxygen supply device includes a flow adjustment module 201 for adjusting the flow of oxygen-containing gas, a concentration adjustment module 202 for adjusting the concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas, and a flow detection module for detecting the flow of oxygen-containing gas 203.
  • the flow rate of oxygen can be adjusted by the flow adjustment module 201 and the flow detection module 203 To detect the flow of oxygen in the actual gas path. At this time, the oxygen concentration provided by the oxygen gas source determines the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-containing gas.
  • the oxygen supply device includes an oxygen branch 204, a balanced gas branch 205, and a mixed gas path 206; the intake end of the oxygen branch 204 is in communication with the oxygen input interface, and oxygen is input from the oxygen input interface; the intake end of the balanced gas branch 205 It is in communication with the balanced gas input interface, and the balanced gas (such as air) is input from the balanced gas input interface; the ends of the oxygen branch 204 and the balanced gas branch 205 are in communication with the mixed gas path 206, and the mixed gas path 206 inputs the oxygen branch 204 The oxygen and the balanced gas input from the balanced gas branch 205 are mixed and output.
  • the flow adjustment module 201 can adjust the oxygen flow in the oxygen branch 204 and the balanced gas flow in the balanced gas branch 205, respectively; the flow detection module 203 detects at least the oxygen in the oxygen branch 204 in the actual gas circuit The flow and the balance gas flow in the balance gas branch 205. Of course, if necessary, the flow detection module 203 can also detect the flow of the oxygen-containing gas in the mixed gas path 206. Generally, the concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas provided to the oxygen device can be achieved by separately adjusting the oxygen flow rate and the equilibrium gas flow rate. Therefore, in the actual implementation of the solution, the concentration adjustment module 202 uses the control flow adjustment module 201 to adjust Oxygen flow and balanced gas flow to achieve the purpose of adjusting the oxygen concentration.
  • the flow adjustment module includes a flow controller 207 provided on the oxygen branch 204 to control the oxygen flow rate, and a flow control provided on the balanced gas branch 205 to control the balance gas flow 208;
  • the flow detection module includes a flow sensor 209 provided on the oxygen branch 204 to measure the oxygen flow rate, a flow sensor 210 provided on the balanced gas branch 205, a flow sensor 210 to measure the balanced gas flow, and a mixed gas path 206, A flow sensor 211 that measures the flow of oxygen-containing gas.
  • the oxygen supply device may include only the flow sensor 209 provided on the oxygen 204 branch and the flow sensor 210 provided on the balanced gas branch 205; or the oxygen supply device may include only the flow sensor 211 provided on the mixed gas path 206 .
  • the oxygen branch is provided with a filter 311 for filtering the input oxygen, a proportional valve 312 for adjusting the oxygen flow rate, a flow sensor 313 for monitoring the oxygen flow rate, and a one-way flow for controlling the oxygen flow.
  • the balance gas branch is provided with a filter 321 for filtering the input balance gas, a proportional valve 322 for adjusting the balance gas flow, a flow sensor 323 for monitoring the balance gas flow, and a balance for controlling the balance.
  • a one-way valve 324 for one-way flow of gas.
  • an on-off valve 305 for controlling the on-off of the mixed gas path and a glass tube flow meter for monitoring the flow of oxygen-containing gas in the mixed gas path are also provided on the mixed gas path.
  • the proportional valve 312/322 fails, it can be controlled by the on-off valve 305.
  • a mechanical backup valve 308 can be added to the oxygen branch and the balanced gas branch respectively.
  • the mechanical backup valve 308 can be controlled.
  • the mechanical backup valve can be used to shut down Mixed gas circuit.
  • each device provided in FIG. 3 may be replaced with another device having the same function, for example, replacement between a mechanical device and an electronic device.
  • the realization of the function of the flow controller may be implemented by using an electronic device or a mechanical device.
  • the anesthesia breathing apparatus includes an anesthetic delivery module 401, a breathing control module 402, and a breathing circuit 403.
  • the anesthetic delivery module 401 is connected to the air source interface and the breathing circuit 403 to deliver the anesthetic to the breathing circuit 403;
  • the breathing control module 402 is connected to the air source interface and the breathing circuit 403 to provide breathing support to the patient through the breathing circuit 403.
  • the anesthetic delivery module 401 includes a gas mixer 4011 and an anesthesia evaporator 4012; the gas mixer 4011 is connected to an air source interface and an anesthesia evaporator 4012, and mixes oxygen and a balanced gas and outputs the anesthesia evaporator 4012; the anesthesia evaporator 4012 converts anesthetic After mixing with the gas output from the gas mixer 4011, it is output to the breathing circuit 403.
  • FIG. 5 it is a specific structural solution for realizing the breathing control module 402 and the breathing circuit 403 in an embodiment.
  • One end of the pressure reducing valve 501 is connected to the air source interface, and is used for inputting driving gas and reducing the driving gas.
  • the suction valve 502 opens air to the bellows 504 after being opened.
  • the flow sensor 503 is used to detect the current flow of the air circuit.
  • the driving air enters the outer cavity of the wind box 504 through the pressure reducing valve 501, the suction valve 502, and the flow sensor 503.
  • the air bag in the compressed air box 504 moves downward, and the gas in the air bag flows into the lungs of the patient through the breathing circuit.
  • the pressure should be gradually increased with the exhalation process, but if the pressure increases beyond the closed pressure of the exhalation valve 505, even if the suction valve 502 continues to breathe, the excess driving air will be released from the exhalation valve 505, thereby ensuring the patient
  • the airway pressure does not exceed the set control pressure.
  • the closed pressure of the exhalation valve 505 is released, the circuit pressure will drop rapidly, and the folded airbag in the bellows 504 will rise to the top, waiting for the next breathing cycle.
  • 507 and 508 are check valves in the breathing circuit.
  • 509 and 510 are pressure sensors in the breathing circuit.
  • 511 is a flow sensor for measuring the flow of breathing gas of a patient.
  • the fresh gas input end in FIG. 5 is the output end of the anesthetic delivery module and is used to deliver fresh gas (carrying anesthetic) to the patient.
  • specific structural implementation schemes in the anesthesia breathing apparatus may adopt some conventional schemes in the prior art.
  • the scheme adopted in the Chinese patent with application number "CN200710075839.1” and the invention name “ventilation system and pressure monitoring method of anesthesia machine and ventilator”; or, application number “CN201480017240.0” The scheme adopted in the Chinese patent with the invention name “Anesthesia Machine Respiratory System and Anesthesia Machine”; or adopts pneumatic air control, pneumatic electric control or electric electric control; or the loop mode adopts a closed system, a semi-closed system, Semi-open systems, open systems, etc.
  • the flow of breathing gas provided to the patient is limited, which must be set in consideration of the patient's physiological condition.
  • the flow rate of the breathing gas selected by the anesthesia machine will be set according to the weight of the patient. Therefore, the flow rate is generally relatively small, and even the supply of 300 ml / min can basically meet the metabolic oxygen demand of patients. It is generally considered that exceeding 4 liters per minute is extremely high flow.
  • the anesthesiologist will use the manual mode of the anesthesia machine, usually adjust the oxygen flow to 4 to 8L / min, in the manual mode
  • the patient is intubated.
  • there is an asphyxiation time window of about 8 minutes for intubation but obese patients, obstetric patients, high incidence of difficult airways, after sufficient oxygen, after using muscle relaxants, it drops to 80% SPO2 (blood Oxygen saturation) is only 1.5 to 4 minutes, and the risk of intubation is high.
  • SPO2 blood Oxygen saturation
  • An airway must be established within a short suffocation time window. It is very dangerous for urgent and difficult airway intubation. Multiple intubation attempts are unsuccessful and the patient may Cannot be intubated or ventilated, endangering the patient's life.
  • the doctor is under pressure.
  • jet ventilator is used to ventilate patients for some operations. For example, for patients with lower airway stenosis (SGS), hand suction dilation is performed, and the surgeon and anesthesiologist share airway management, which is a great challenge for both parties. At present, there is no fixed standard for ventilation during surgery. Jet ventilator ventilation is used more frequently, but high-frequency jet ventilation on the glottis may cause emphysema, pneumothorax, and the risk of hypoxia in patients.
  • the present application not only integrates an oxygen supply device in the anesthesia machine, but also creatively proposes a solution for supplying oxygen to the patient with an oxygen-containing gas at a flow rate greater than 15 liters per minute (also referred to as high in this application). Flow to oxygen).
  • the 15 liter / minute referred to in this embodiment refers to the flow rate of oxygen-containing gas provided to the patient.
  • the oxygen supply device only uses oxygen, it means that the flow rate of oxygen is not less than 15 liters / minute; when the oxygen supply device uses a mixed gas of oxygen and air as the oxygen-containing gas, it means that the total flow of the mixed gas is not Below 15 liters / minute.
  • Ventilation of patients with a flow rate greater than 15 liters per minute can significantly extend the asphyxia time window and has extremely high clinical value.
  • preoperative oxygen supply and high-flow oxygen supply during intubation flow rate reaches 40-70L / min
  • the asphyxia time window can be significantly extended, and the average asphyxia time can reach 17Min.
  • the doctor can calmly establish Artificial airway.
  • the entire operation can even be performed directly using high-flow oxygen, reducing the intubation process, reducing the workload of the doctor, and protecting the patient from intubation. Tube of suffering.
  • the oxygen supply device of the anesthesia machine is only used to provide oxygen, that is, when there is only one gas path for delivering oxygen, as long as the flow rate is not less than 15 liters / minute, it can be defined as a high flow rate.
  • the oxygen supply device of the anesthesia machine includes an oxygen branch and a balanced gas branch, it can be further defined that the total flow rate after mixing the oxygen and the balanced gas is greater than 30 liters / minute as a high flow rate. At this time, the oxygen flow rate can be Not limited to more than 15 liters / minute.
  • the anesthesia machine further includes a mode adjustment device 601, a setting monitoring device 602, a work information transmission device 603, and a fault self-checking device 604, a temperature adjustment device 605, a humidity adjustment device 606, and a storage device 607.
  • the mode adjusting device 601 responds to the received operation instruction to control the oxygen supplying device to switch between at least two working modes.
  • the working mode may include a low-flow mode and a high-flow mode;
  • the low-flow mode is defined as an oxygen-supplying device providing a patient with a pre-oxygenated gas at a flow rate of less than 15 liters / minute
  • the high-flow mode is defined as a The oxygen device provides the patient with a pre-oxygenated gas at a flow rate greater than 15 liters per minute.
  • the working mode may also include a pediatric mode and an adult mode; the pediatric mode is defined to provide the oxygen-containing gas to the patient at a flow rate of less than 20 liters / minute, and the adult mode is defined to the oxygenation device at a flow rate of 1-100 liters / minute Provide oxygen to the patient.
  • the oxygen supply device provides patients with different pre-oxygenated gas flows and / or concentrations under different operating modes.
  • different working modes can be set for different needs, such as passing high-flow oxygen-containing gas before anesthesia and low-flow oxygen-containing gas after operation; or, different working modes can be set for different patient types, such as For adult traffic, small traffic.
  • the oxygen concentration is usually used in the range of 21% to 100%.
  • the setting monitoring device 602 generates alarm prompt information when it detects that the flow rate and / or the oxygen concentration setting value of the oxygen-containing gas input by the user is not within the range corresponding to the current working mode. For example, when the current operating mode is a pediatric mode, the oxygen supply device will provide the patient with oxygen-containing gas at a flow rate of less than 20 liters / minute. At this time, if the user is not careful, or manually set the flow rate to more than 20 liters / minute due to wrong operation; or because of an anesthesia machine failure, the actual oxygen-containing gas flow rate is greater than 20 liters / minute, the setting monitoring device 602 will know This information and alarm prompt to avoid accidents.
  • the work information transmission device 603 obtains work information of the oxygen supply device and / or anesthesia breathing device, and sends the work information.
  • the work information may include flow information, oxygen concentration information, pressure information, equipment operating time information, work mode information, fault information, and the like in the gas path.
  • the work information transmission device 603 may send the obtained work information to the display of the anesthesia machine for display, or send it to other monitoring equipment, or send it to the information system for use by relevant personnel.
  • the anesthesia machine provided in this application can share and integrate the working information of both the oxygen-supplying device and the anesthesia-breathing device. For example, the information about the oxygen supply mode and settings can be directly reflected on the conventional information record sheet of the anesthesia machine, reducing The burden of manual recording by doctors.
  • the failure self-checking device 604 monitors the failure information of the oxygen supply device and / or the anesthesia breathing device. Specifically, the fault self-testing device 604 may also be configured to issue an alarm prompt after a fault is detected.
  • the fault information may include information such as gas passage obstruction, flow regulation failure, concentration regulation failure, and the like. Specifically, the fault information can also be displayed on the electronic display of the anesthesia machine (as shown in FIG. 7a and FIG. 7b) to facilitate fault location.
  • the temperature adjustment device 605 adjusts the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas output from the oxygen supply device
  • the humidity adjustment device 606 adjusts the humidity of the oxygen-containing gas output from the oxygen supply device, thereby providing a warm and humid airflow to the patient and reducing the stimulus to the patient.
  • the temperature adjustment device 605 and the humidity adjustment device 606 can also be used to adjust the temperature and humidity of the breathing gas provided by the anesthesia breathing device to the patient.
  • the temperature adjustment device 605 and the humidity adjustment device 606 may also be integrated together.
  • the humidity adjustment device may be integrated inside the anesthesia machine, or may be implemented by a humidifier externally connected to the anesthesia machine.
  • the outlet of the oxygen supply device and the anesthesia breathing device is connected to the input end of the humidifier.
  • the humidifier humidifies the gas and outputs it to the patient.
  • the storage device 607 stores operation information of the oxygen supply device and / or the anesthesia breathing device.
  • the oxygen supply device and the anesthesia breathing device are independent, and the two can work independently.
  • the humidity adjustment device 606 and the storage device 607 may be configured to work when the oxygen supply device and the anesthesia breathing device are operated at the same time, or may be operated when either of them is operated.
  • FIG. 7a it is a schematic perspective view of an anesthesia machine.
  • the anesthesia machine 700 is equipped with three flow adjustment selectors 706 for controlling the flow of oxygen, laughing gas, and air, respectively.
  • the anesthesia machine 700 includes anesthesia breathing apparatus 701 and anesthesia evaporator 702 and other anesthesia delivery system elements.
  • the anesthesia machine 700 may be loaded on a cart 703, which may have wheels 704 for ease of movement.
  • the electronic display 705 can be used to intuitively provide the user with information about gas flow or anesthesia delivery procedures and status.
  • the electronic display 705 may also be a display with a touch function. The user can control some functions of the anesthesia machine by touching the electronic display 705, such as adjusting gas flow and oxygen concentration.
  • 708 is the ACGO outlet of the anesthesia machine.
  • Fig. 7b is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the anesthesia machine shown in Fig. 7a.
  • the electronic flow selection knobs 7061, 7062, and 7063 of the anesthesia machine 700 can be used as mechanical flow selection knobs in the manual adjustment mode, that is, regardless of the mode, the gas flow can be adjusted by the knobs 7061, 7062, and 7063.
  • the monitored patient parameters and other related information can be presented to the doctor through a display 705.
  • the display 705 may also be a display with a touch screen, through which the doctor can control the operation of the anesthesia machine 700.
  • the flow selection knob 7061 can be used to control the flow of oxygen
  • the flow selection knob 7062 can be used to control the flow of laughing gas
  • the flow selection knob 7063 can be used to control the flow of air. The user can control the gas by turning these knobs to Wanted traffic.
  • the flow rate display unit 707 can be used to visually display the current flow rate of the gas being adjusted.
  • the flow display unit 707 may be electronic, such as a flow tube simulated on a display screen; or it may be a mechanical flow tube; or two types of flow display units are provided in the system at the same time; or the flow display unit
  • the 707 switches to the corresponding display mode in different operating modes.
  • the flow rate display unit displays the flow rate through electronic display
  • the manual control mode the flow rate of the adjusted gas is displayed with a mechanical scale change in order to
  • the gas flow can be displayed normally in the electronic control mode and the manual control mode.
  • each flow selection knob 7061, 7062, 7063 corresponds to a flow tube, so that the flow of each gas can be displayed separately.
  • the figure shows an anesthesia machine with three flow selection knobs, it can be understood that a greater or lesser number of knobs can be set as needed, which does not mean that the present invention is limited to setting three flow selection knobs. .
  • two sets of flow selection knobs are provided to adjust the gas flow in the oxygen supply device and the anesthesia breathing device in the above embodiments, respectively.
  • the objects to be adjusted are not limited to three kinds of gas, either more or less, and fluids other than gas can be controlled.
  • the figure shows a knob corresponding to adjusting the flow rate of a gas, in some embodiments, the flow rate of a certain gas can also be adjusted by more than one knob, or by the reuse / switching design of the internal mechanical structure,
  • One knob can be used to adjust the flow of multiple gases.
  • the oxygen concentration can be adjusted by adjusting the flow of oxygen and the balance gas respectively.
  • the function of the flow selection knob can also be implemented on the electronic display 705 with a touch function.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an anesthesia machine system, which includes an anesthesia machine and an oxygen supply device.
  • the anesthesia machine is provided with a fixing mechanism, and the oxygen supply device is detachably fixed to the anesthesia machine through the fixing mechanism.
  • the oxygen supply device includes a casing and the above-mentioned oxygen supply device provided in the casing.
  • the fixing mechanism may be a fixed platform, a fixed hook, or a structure conventionally used in the art for detachable fixing between two devices.
  • the anesthesia machine and the oxygen supply device can be powered by two independent power sources; in other embodiments, the power input interface of the oxygen supply device is connected to the auxiliary output power interface of the anesthesia, which is assisted by the anesthesia machine. Output power interface to power oxygen equipment.
  • the air source input interface of the oxygen supply device is connected to an external air source, that is, the oxygen supply device and the anesthesia machine each use a separate external air source; or the air source input interface of the oxygen supply device is connected to the air of the anesthesia machine. source.
  • the anesthesia machine and the oxygen-supplying device can communicate with each other in a wired or wireless manner to realize information sharing between the two.
  • the fixed mechanism may also be provided with first and second information transmission interfaces, a third information transmission interface is provided to the corresponding position of the oxygen device, and a fourth information transmission interface is provided at the corresponding position on the anesthesia machine.
  • the first information transmission interface on the fixed mechanism is connected to the fourth information interface on the anesthesia machine.
  • the oxygen supply device is installed on the fixed mechanism
  • the third information transmission interface on the oxygen supply device is connected to the second information interface on the fixed structure.
  • the working information of the two can also be displayed on the display on one of the anesthesia machine or the oxygen supply device, or the user can control the anesthesia machine and the oxygen supply device through the touch display on the one of the anesthesia machine or the oxygen supply device.
  • the mode adjustment device 601, the setting monitoring device 602, the work information transmission device 603, the failure self-test device 604, the temperature adjustment device 605, the humidity adjustment device 606, and the storage device 607 of the anesthesia machine provided in the above embodiments may also be used.
  • the mode adjustment device 601, the setting monitoring device 602, the work information transmission device 603, the failure self-inspection device 604, the temperature adjustment device 605, the humidity adjustment device 606, and the storage device 607 are set on an oxygen supply device and / or an anesthesia machine to To achieve the same function.
  • the anesthesia machine system provided in this embodiment can provide oxygen at a high flow rate
  • the oxygen supply device can be configured to provide the patient with an oxygen-containing gas at a flow rate greater than 15 liters / minute.
  • the anesthesia machine system provided in this embodiment can conveniently use the anesthesia machine to provide anesthesia and respiratory support to the patient, and use an oxygen supply device to perform oxygen supply operation for the patient.

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Abstract

一种麻醉机（100、700）及系统，用于医疗设备技术领域，其中麻醉机（100、700）包括气源接口（101）和分别与气源接口（101）连接的给氧装置（102）和麻醉呼吸装置（103）；给氧装置（102）为患者（105、105a、105b）提供含氧气体；麻醉呼吸装置（103）为患者（105、105a、105b）提供麻醉呼吸支持。麻醉机系统包括麻醉机（100、700）和给氧设备，麻醉机（100、700）设置有固定机构，给氧设备通过固定机构可拆卸地固定在麻醉机（100、700）上。

Description

一种麻醉机及系统 技术领域
本申请涉及医疗设备技术领域，具体涉及一种麻醉机及系统。
背景技术
麻醉机的功能是手术期间对病人进行吸入麻醉和机械通气。病人在麻醉呼吸机的帮助下，以维持气道通畅、改善通气和氧合、防止机体缺氧和CO 2蓄积。然而，在全麻手术中，病人通常需要进行插管通气。因此，需要延长患者的窒息时间窗，给医生插管预留时间。通常的，可以通过给患者进行预给氧来实现。
发明内容
根据本申请的第一方面，本申请提供了一种麻醉机，包括气源接口和分别与所述气源接口连接的给氧装置和麻醉呼吸装置；所述给氧装置为患者提供含氧气体；所述麻醉呼吸装置为患者提供麻醉呼吸支持。
根据本申请的第二方面，本申请提供了一种麻醉机系统包括麻醉机和给氧设备，所述麻醉机设置有固定机构，所述给氧设备通过所述固定机构可拆卸地固定在所述麻醉机上。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1a为一种实施例中麻醉机的结构示意图；
图1b为一种实施例中麻醉机的结构示意图；
图1c为一种实施例中麻醉机的结构示意图；
图2a为一种实施例中麻醉机的给氧装置的结构示意图；
图2b为一种实施例中麻醉机的给氧装置的气路图；
图2c为一种实施例中麻醉机的给氧装置的结构示意图；
图3a为一种实施例中麻醉机的给氧装置的实现方案的具体结构图；
图3b为一种实施例中麻醉机的给氧装置的实现方案的具体结构图；
图4为一种实施例中麻醉机的麻醉呼吸装置的结构示意图；
图5为一种实施例中麻醉机的麻醉呼吸装置中呼吸控制模块和呼吸回路的实现方案结构图；
图6为一种实施例中麻醉机的结构示意图；
图7a为一种实施例中麻醉机的立体结构示意图；
图7b为一种实施例中麻醉机的局部放大示意图。
具体实施方式
在对本申请实施例进行详细介绍之前，对预给氧技术进行简单介绍，预给氧技术通常指的是，在麻醉诱导前和气管插管前使用高浓度氧气吸入来延缓呼吸暂停引起的动脉血氧饱和度下降。当然，本申请中提及的用于提供含氧气体的给氧装置、给氧设备等不局限于应用在上述预给氧技术中，也可以应用于其他需要给氧的临床场景，例如术后的给氧。
通常的，在需要进行术前预给氧和插管过程中，使用单独的给氧设备给患者进行给氧，对于困难气道的患者，可以延长窒息时间窗，为医生提供时间来建立人工气道。然而，目前来讲，在给患者进行给氧时需要使用单独的给氧设备，这在紧张的手术环境中增加了设备的管理难度。也可能在紧急情况下出现资源不足，或找不到机器的风险。并且，目前的给氧设备自身的信息过于独立，不能共享到麻醉机和其他信息系统中。
基于上述因素，本申请提供了一种麻醉机，如图1a-1b所示，麻醉机100包括气源接口101和分别与气源接口101连接的给氧装置102和麻醉呼吸装置103；给氧装置102用于为患者105提供含氧气体；麻醉呼吸装置103用于为患者105提供麻醉呼吸支持。
气源接口101连接至外部气源104，以为麻醉机提供所需要的气体，包括氧气、笑气(一氧化二氮)、空气等。在一些情况下，气源提供的气体属于高压气体，气源出气口可以设置有减压阀，或者麻醉机的气源接口101处设置有减压阀，以为麻醉机提供平稳气体。
本申请提供的麻醉机，除了具有为患者提供麻醉呼吸支持的麻醉呼吸装置103外，还集成了给氧装置102，可以直接使用麻醉机对患者进行给氧操作，以 延长患者的窒息时间窗，为医生的其他操作(比如插管)预留时间。
在一些实施例中，如图1a所示，麻醉机只包括一个气源接口101，气源接口101连接至外部气源104，以为麻醉机提供氧气。通过气源接口101输入的氧气根据麻醉机的工作状态分别进入给氧装置102和/或麻醉呼吸机装置103的气路，并最终送至患者105。给氧装置102向患者105提供含氧气体，麻醉呼吸机装置103向患者105提供麻醉呼吸支持。
图1a所示，给氧装置102和麻醉呼吸装置103共用一个输出接口，例如，两者共用一个面罩让患者105使用。在这些实施例中，由于只有一个输出接口的限制，给氧装置102和麻醉呼吸装置103可能只有一个处于工作状态。具体的，给氧装置102可以共用麻醉呼吸装置的ACGO出口(辅助新鲜气体出口)、呼吸系统吸气端口或其他出口。
在另一些实施例中，如图1b所示，给氧装置102和麻醉呼吸装置103分别具有独立的出气口，例如两者配置有单独的面罩。当然，在这些实施例中，给氧装置102和麻醉呼吸装置103可以独立运行，分别让患者105a和患者105b使用。具体的，可以为给氧装置102和麻醉呼吸装置103配置独立的启动开关，以对两者进行独立控制；抑或，麻醉机可以配置一个总开关，需要对给氧装置102和麻醉呼吸装置103进行独立开启或关闭时，通过麻醉机的软件控制界面进行控制。当然，麻醉机的软件控制界面也可以配置成分别对给氧装置102和麻醉呼吸装置103的其他功能和状态进行控制。
通常的，麻醉机在对患者进行给氧操作和麻醉呼吸支持时，不仅仅只使用氧气作为气源气体，还需要使用到平衡气体，例如笑气、空气等，以实现调节氧气的浓度等目的。基于此，如图1c所示，在一些实施例中，麻醉机与图1b的区别在于，气源接口包括提供氧气的氧气输入接口101a和提供平衡气体的平衡气体输入接口101b。氧气输入接口101a连接至外部氧气气源104a，平衡气体输入接口101b连接至外部平衡气体气源104b。当然，在另外一些实施例中，麻醉机可以提供不止两个气源接口，以方便为麻醉机提供多于两种数量的气体。
下面主要针对图1c所示的麻醉机结构方案进行详细说明，这些说明中的某些内容可以根据本领域普通技术人员所掌握的知识运用到图1a-1b所示的麻醉机结构方案中。
如图2a所示，在一实施例中，给氧装置包括调节含氧气体流量的流量调节 模块201，调节含氧气体中氧浓度的浓度调节模块202，和检测含氧气体流量的流量检测模块203。
在一些实施例中，当给氧装置只提供了一条气路，即给氧装置只能为患者提供氧气作为含氧气体时，可以通过流量调节模块201调节氧气的流量，并通过流量检测模块203来检测实际气路中氧气的流量。此时，氧气气源提供的氧气浓度决定了含氧气体中氧气的浓度。
如图2b所示，在一些实施例中。给氧装置包括氧气支路204、平衡气体支路205和混合气路206；氧气支路204的进气端与氧气输入接口连通，从氧气输入接口输入氧气；平衡气体支路205的进气端与平衡气体输入接口连通，从平衡气体输入接口输入平衡气体(例如空气)；氧气支路204和平衡气体支路205的末端与混合气路206连通，混合气路206将氧气支路204输入的氧气和平衡气体支路205输入的平衡气体混合输出。
在这些实施例中，流量调节模块201可以分别调节氧气支路204中的氧气流量和平衡气体支路205中的平衡气体流量；流量检测模块203至少检测实际气路中氧气支路204中的氧气流量和平衡气体支路205中的平衡气体流量。当然，如果有必要，流量检测模块203还可以检测混合气路206中含氧气体的流量。通常的，给氧装置提供的含氧气体中氧气的浓度可以通过分别调节氧气流量和平衡气体流量来实现，因此，浓度调节模块202在方案的实际实现过程中，采用控制流量调节模块201来调节氧气流量和平衡气体流量，以达到调节氧气浓度的目的。
如图2c所示，在一实施例中，流量调节模块包括设置在氧气支路204上，控制氧气流量的流量控制器207，和设置在平衡气体支路205上，控制平衡气体流量的流量控制器208；流量检测模块包括设置在氧气支路204上，测量氧气流量的流量传感器209，设置在平衡气体支路205上，测量平衡气体流量的流量传感器210，和设置在混合气路206上，测量含氧气体流量的流量传感器211。当然，给氧装置可以只包括设置在氧气204支路上的流量传感器209和设置在平衡气体支路205上的流量传感器210；或者给氧装置也可以只包括设置在混合气路206上流量传感器211。
如图3a所示，为一实施例中，实现给氧装置的具体结构方案。氧气支路上设置有依次连通的用于对输入的氧气进行过滤的过滤器311，用于调节氧气流量的比例阀312，用于监测氧气流量的流量传感器313，和用于控制氧气单向流通 的单向阀314。平衡气体支路上设置有依次连通的用于对输入的平衡气体进行过滤的过滤器321，用于调节平衡气体流量的比例阀322，用于监测平衡气体流量的流量传感器323，和用于控制平衡气体单向流通的单向阀324。为了提高安全性，混合气路上还设置有控制混合气路通断的开关阀305，和监测混合气路中含氧气体流量的玻璃管流量计。当比例阀312/322发生故障时，可以通过开关阀305进行控制。
请参考图3b，在另一实施例中，可以在氧气支路和平衡气体支路中分别增加机械备用阀308，当比例阀312/322发生故障时，可以通过机械备用阀308进行控制。当然，也可以不在氧气支路和平衡气体支路中分别增加机械备用阀308，而在混合气路上设置机械备用阀，以避免比例阀312/322发生故障时，可以通过该机械备用阀关断混合气路。
需要说明的是，在其他实施例中，图3提供的各个器件可以采用具有相同功能的其他器件来替代，例如机械式器件与电子式器件之间的替代。上述实施例中，流量控制器功能的实现既可以采用电子式器件，也可以采用机械式器件。
如图4所示，麻醉呼吸装置包括麻药输送模块401、呼吸控制模块402和呼吸回路403。麻药输送模块401与气源接口和呼吸回路403连接，将麻药输送到呼吸回路403中；呼吸控制模块402与气源接口和呼吸回路403连接，通过呼吸回路403为患者提供呼吸支持。
麻药输送模块401包括气体混合器4011和麻醉蒸发器4012；气体混合器4011与气源接口和麻醉蒸发器4012连接，将氧气和平衡气体混合后输出到麻醉蒸发器4012；麻醉蒸发器4012将麻药与气体混合器4011输出的气体混合后输出到呼吸回路403。
如图5所示，为一实施例中，为实现呼吸控制模块402和呼吸回路403的一种具体结构方案。减压阀501一端连接至气源接口，用于输入驱动气以及对驱动气进行减压。吸气阀502在打开后向风箱504送气。流量传感器503用于检测当前气路的流量。驱动气由减压阀501、吸气阀502、流量传感器503进入风箱504的外腔，压缩风箱504内的气囊向下运动，气囊内的气体通过呼吸回路流入患者肺部，此时呼吸回路的压力应当是随着送气过程逐渐增加，但如果压力增加到超过呼气阀505的封闭压力时，即使吸气阀502继续送气，多余驱动气会从呼气阀505泄放，从而保证了患者端气道压力不会超过设定的控制压 力。呼气期间，呼气阀505的封闭压力被释放，回路压力会迅速下降，而风箱504内的折叠气囊也会上升到顶部，等待下一个呼吸循环。507、508为呼吸回路中的单向阀。509、510为呼吸回路中的压力传感器。511为流量传感器，用于测量患者呼吸气体的流量。506为二氧化碳吸收罐，用于吸收患者呼出气体中的二氧化碳。图5中的新鲜气体输入端即为麻药输送模块的输出端，用于向患者输送新鲜气体(携带麻药)。
具体的，麻醉呼吸装置中的具体结构实现方案可以采用现有技术中的一些常规方案。例如，采用申请号为“CN200710075839.1”，发明名称为“麻醉机和呼吸机的通气系统及压力监控方法”的中国专利中所采用的方案；或者，采用申请号为“CN201480017240.0”，发明名称为“麻醉机呼吸系统及麻醉机”的中国专利中所采用的方案；或者采用气动气控、气动电控或电动电控的方式；或者回路模式采用紧闭系统、半紧闭系统、半开放系统、开放系统，等等。
对于麻醉机来说，为患者提供呼吸气体的流量是有限制的，其必须考虑患者的生理情况来设置。通常的，麻醉机所选择的呼吸气体的流量将根据患者的体重来设置。因此，该流量一般都比较小，甚至提供300毫升/分钟就可以基本满足患者代谢氧的需求了。而通常认为超过4升/分钟就属于极高流量了。
在进行给氧操作时，为了尽可能延长窒息时间窗，给医生插管预留足够的时间，麻醉医生会利用麻醉机的手动模式，通常将氧流量调节到4到8L/min，在手动模式下对患者进行给氧一段时间之后再对患者进行插管操作。对于正常的成人，有大约8分钟的窒息时间窗进行插管操作，但是肥胖病人，产科病人，困难气道发生率高，给氧充分后，使用肌松药之后，下降到80％SPO2(血氧饱和度)只有1.5～4分钟，插管风险高，在短的窒息时间窗内必须要建立气道，对于紧急的困难气道插管非常危险，多次插管尝试不成功，患者有可能不能插管也不能通气，危及患者的生命。医生的压力较大。
目前，部分手术会采用喷射式呼吸机来给患者进行通气。例如对下呼吸道狭窄(SGS)的患者做手吸道扩张术，手术医生和麻醉医生要共享气道管理，对双方都是很大的挑战。目前手术过程中通气方式没有固定的标准，使用较多的是喷射式呼吸机通气，但是高频喷射式在声门上送气，可能会造成肺气肿，气胸，病人缺氧的风险。
为解决上述问题，本申请不仅在麻醉机中集成了给氧装置，还创造性地提 出了给氧装置以大于15升/分钟的流量为患者提供的含氧气体的方案(本申请中也称高流量给氧)。
需要说明的是，本实施例中所指的15升/分钟指的是提供给患者含氧气体的流量。当给氧装置仅使用氧气时，指的是氧气的流量不低于15升/分钟；当给氧装置使用氧气和空气的混合气体作为含氧气体时，指的是该混合气体的总流量不低于15升/分钟。
使用大于15升/分钟的流量对患者进行通气，可以显著地延长窒息时间窗口，具有极高的临床价值。例如术前预给氧和插管过程中使用高流量给氧(流量达到40-70L/min)，对于困难气道的病人，可以显著延长窒息时间窗，平均窒息时间达到17Min，医生可以从容建立人工气道。并且，对于某些短时间(半个小时以内)的喉部手术的病人，甚至可以直接使用高流量给氧完成整个手术，减少了插管环节，减轻了医生的工作负担，使患者免受插管之苦。
在一些实施例中，麻醉机的给氧装置仅用于提供氧气，即只有一路用于输送氧气的气路时，只要满足流量不低于15升/分钟即可定义为高流量。在另一些实施例中，麻醉机的给氧装置包括氧气支路和平衡气体支路时，可以进一步定义氧气和平衡气体混合后的总流量大于30升/分钟为高流量，此时氧气流量可以不限制为大于15升/分钟。
如图6所示(仅示出了麻醉机各个装置的控制连接关系)，在一实施例中，麻醉机还包括模式调节装置601、设置监测装置602、工作信息传输装置603、故障自检装置604、温度调节装置605、湿度调节装置606和存储装置607。
模式调节装置601响应接收到的操作指示以控制给氧装置在至少两种工作模式之间进行切换。
在一实施例中，工作模式可以包括低流量模式和高流量模式；低流量模式定义为给氧装置以小于15升/分钟的流量为患者提供预给含含氧气体，高流量模式定义为给氧装置以大于15升/分钟的流量为患者提供预给含含氧气体。
进一步，工作模式也可以包括小儿模式和成人模式；小儿模式定义给氧装置以小于20升/分钟的流量为患者提供含氧气体，成人模式定义为给氧装置以1-100升/分钟的流量为患者提供含氧气体。
给氧装置在不同工作模式下为患者提供的预给含含氧气体的流量和/或浓度不同。具体的，可以针对不同需求设置不同的工作模式，例如麻醉前通高流 量含含氧气体，术后通低流量含含氧气体；或者，可以针对不同的病人类型，设置不同的工作模式，例如针对成人流量大，针对小儿流量小。氧浓度通常使用的范围为21％-100％。
通过工作模式的设置，可以使得用户在针对不同需求时进行快速设置。
设置监测装置602在监测到用户输入的含氧气体的流量和/或氧浓度设置值未处于当前工作模式对应的范围内时，生成报警提示信息。例如，当前工作模式为小儿模式时，给氧装置将以小于20升/分钟的流量为患者提供含氧气体。此时，如果用户不小心，或因错误操作将流量手动设置到了大于20升/分钟；抑或因麻醉机设备故障，使得实际的含氧气体流量大于20升/分钟，设置监测装置602将获知到该信息，并进行报警提示，避免事故的发生。
工作信息传输装置603获取给氧装置和/或麻醉呼吸装置的工作信息，并发送工作信息。工作信息可以包括气路中的流量信息、氧浓度信息、压力信息，设备工作时长信息，工作模式信息，故障信息等等。工作信息传输装置603可以将获取到的工作信息发送给麻醉机的显示器进行显示，或者发送给其他监护设备，或者发送给信息系统，以供相关人员使用。本申请提供的麻醉机，其给氧装置和麻醉呼吸装置两者的工作信息可以共享、整合，例如，可将给氧的模式、设置等信息直接反应到麻醉机的常规信息记录单上，减少医生手动记录的负担。
故障自检装置604监测给氧装置和/或麻醉呼吸装置的故障信息。具体的，故障自检装置604还可以配置为在检测到故障后发出报警提示。故障信息可以包括气路阻塞、流量调节失效、浓度调节失效等信息。具体的，故障信息还可以通过麻醉机的电子显示器(如图7a和图7b所示)上进行显示，以方便故障的定位。
温度调节装置605调节给氧装置输出的含氧气体的温度，湿度调节装置606调节给氧装置输出的含氧气体的湿度，从而为患者提供暖湿气流，减小对患者的刺激。当然，在另一实施例中，温度调节装置605和湿度调节装置606也可以用于调节麻醉呼吸装置为患者提供的呼吸气体的温度和湿度。当然，温度调节装置605和湿度调节装置606还可以集成到一起。具体的，湿度调节装置可以是集成在麻醉机内部，也可以通过外挂于麻醉机上的湿化器来实现。给氧装置和麻醉呼吸装置的出气端连到湿化器的输入端，湿化器将气体湿化后输出给患者。
存储装置607将给氧装置和/或麻醉呼吸装置的工作信息进行保存。
由于本申请实施例中，给氧装置和麻醉呼吸装置是独立的，两者可以独立工作，模式调节装置601、设置监测装置602、工作信息传输装置603、故障自检装置604、温度调节装置605、湿度调节装置606和存储装置607可以配置为在给氧装置和麻醉呼吸装置同时运行时工作，也可以在两者之一运行时工作。
如图7a所示，为一种麻醉机的立体示意图。该麻醉机700配置了三个流量调节选择器706，分别用于控制氧气、笑气和空气的流量。该麻醉机700包括麻醉呼吸装置701和麻醉蒸发器702和其他麻醉传输系统元件。麻醉机700可装载在推车703上，推车可带轮子704，以便于移动。电子显示器705可用于向用户直观的提供有关气体流量或者麻醉传输程序、状态的信息。电子显示器705还可以是带有触控功能的显示器，用户可通过触控电子显示器705来控制麻醉机的部分功能，例如调节气体流量、氧浓度等。708为麻醉机的ACGO出口。
图7b是图7a所示麻醉机的局部放大示意图。该麻醉机700的电子式流量选择旋钮7061、7062、7063可在手动调节模式下作为机械式流量选择旋钮，即无论在哪种模式下，都可以通过旋钮7061、7062、7063对气体流量进行调节。如图所示，通过一个显示器705可以将监测到的病人参数及其他相关信息呈现给医生。显示器705还可以是带有触摸屏的显示器，医生通过显示器705可以控制麻醉机700的运行。在具体的实施例中，流量选择旋钮7061可用于控制氧气的流量，而流量选择旋钮7062可用于控制笑气的流量，流量选择旋钮7063可用于控制空气的流量，用户通过旋转这些旋钮控制气体达到想要的流量。
流量显示单元707可用于直观的显示被调节气体的当前流量。流量显示单元707可以是电子式的，比如在显示屏上模拟的流量管；或者也可以是机械式的流量管；或者系统中同时设置两种形式的流量显示单元；也或者是该流量显示单元707在不同操作模式下分别切换到对应的显示方式，比如在电控模式下流量显示单元通过电子显示方式显示流量，而在手动控制模式下以机械式刻度变化显示被调节气体的流量，以便在电控模式下和手动控制模式下都能正常显示气体流量。如图中所示，每一种流量选择旋钮7061、7062、7063分别对应有一个流量管，从而可单独显示每种气体的流量。
虽然图中显示了带有三个流量选择旋钮的麻醉机，但是可以理解，更多或者更少数量的旋钮都是可以根据需要而设定的，并不代表本发明仅限于设置三 个流量选择旋钮。例如，设置两组流量选择旋钮来分别调节上述实施例中给氧装置和麻醉呼吸装置中的气体流量。所调节的对象也不限于三种气体，可以更多或者更少，还可以控制气体以外的其他流体。虽然图中显示了一个旋钮对应调节一种气体的流量，但是在某些实施方式中，也可以通过一个以上的旋钮对某种气体进行流量调节，或者通过内部机械结构的复用/切换设计，一个旋钮可以用于调节多种气体的流量，例如调节氧浓度旋钮时，通过分别调节氧气和平衡气体的流量来实现氧浓度的调节。当然，流量选择旋钮的功能也可以在具有触控功能的电子显示器705上实现。
本申请实施例还提供了一种麻醉机系统，包括麻醉机和给氧设备，麻醉机设置有固定机构，给氧设备通过所述固定机构可拆卸地固定在麻醉机上。给氧设备包括一壳体和设置于该壳体中的上述给氧装置，其气路结构可以参考上述实施例提供的给氧装置，此处不赘述。固定机构可以是固定平台、固定挂钩，或者采用本领域常规的用于两个设备之间进行可拆卸固定的结构。
在一些实施例中，麻醉机和给氧设备可以通过独立的两个电源进行供电；在另一些实施例中，给氧设备的电源输入接口连接到麻醉的辅助输出电源接口，通过麻醉机的辅助输出电源接口来给给氧设备进行供电。
在一些实施例中，给氧设备的气源输入接口连接到外部气源，即给氧设备和麻醉机各自采用独立的外部气源；或者给氧设备的气源输入接口连接到麻醉机的气源。
进一步，麻醉机与给氧设备之间可以通过有线或无线的方式进行通信，实现两者之间进行信息共享。例如，固定机构上还可以设置第一和第二信息传输接口，给氧设备的对应位置设置第三信息传输接口，麻醉机上对应位置设置有第四信息传输接口。固定机构上的第一信息传输接口与麻醉机上的第四信息接口连接，当给氧设备安装到固定机构上时，给氧设备上的第三信息传输接口与固定结构上的第二信息接口连接，从而实现给氧设备与麻醉机间的数据传输。两者的工作信息也可以通过位于麻醉机或给氧设备之一上的显示器进行显示，或用户通过麻醉机或给氧设备之一上的触控显示器对麻醉机和给氧设备进行控制。
需要说明的是，上述实施例提供的麻醉机的模式调节装置601、设置监测装置602、工作信息传输装置603、故障自检装置604、温度调节装置605、湿度 调节装置606和存储装置607也可以同样应用在本实施例提供的麻醉机系统中。例如，将模式调节装置601、设置监测装置602、工作信息传输装置603、故障自检装置604、温度调节装置605、湿度调节装置606和存储装置607设置在给氧设备和/或麻醉机上，以实现同样的功能。
另外，本实施例提供的麻醉机系统为实现高流量给氧，给氧设备可以配置为以大于15升/分钟的流量为患者提供含氧气体。
本实施例提供的麻醉机系统，可以方便地使用麻醉机对患者进行麻醉呼吸支持，使用给氧设备为患者进行给氧操作。
以上实施例仅表达了几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种麻醉机，其特征在于，包括气源接口和分别与所述气源接口连接的给氧装置和麻醉呼吸装置；所述给氧装置为患者提供含氧气体；所述麻醉呼吸装置为患者提供麻醉呼吸支持。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，还包括模式调节装置，所述模式调节装置响应接收到的操作指示以控制所述给氧装置在至少两种工作模式之间进行切换。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，还包括设置监测装置，所述设置监测装置在监测到用户输入的含氧气体的流量和/或氧浓度设置值未处于当前工作模式对应的范围内时，生成报警提示信息。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，还包括工作信息传输装置，所述工作信息传输装置获取所述给氧装置和/或麻醉呼吸装置的工作信息，并发送所述工作信息。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，还包括故障自检装置，所述故障自检装置监测所述给氧装置和/或麻醉呼吸装置的故障信息。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，还包括温度调节装置和/或湿度调节装置，所述温度调节装置调节给氧装置输出的含氧气体的温度，所述湿度调节装置调节给氧装置输出的含氧气体的湿度。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，所述给氧装置以大于15升/分钟的流量为患者提供含氧气体。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，所述气源接口包括提供氧气的氧气输入接口和提供平衡气体的平衡气体输入接口。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，所述给氧装置包括调节含氧气体流量的流量调节模块，和/或调节含氧气体中氧浓度的浓度调节模块，和/或检测含氧气体流量的流量检测模块。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，所述给氧装置包括氧气支路、平衡气体支路和混合气路；所述氧气支路的进气端与 所述氧气输入接口连通，从所述氧气输入接口输入氧气；所述平衡气体支路的进气端与所述平衡气体输入接口连通，从所述平衡气体输入接口输入平衡气体；所述氧气支路和平衡气体支路的末端与所述混合气路连通，所述混合气路将氧气支路输入的氧气和平衡气体支路输入的平衡气体混合输出。
  11. 如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，所述麻醉呼吸装置包括麻药输送模块、呼吸控制模块和呼吸回路；
    所述麻药输送模块与所述气源接口和所述呼吸回路连接，将麻药输送到所述呼吸回路中；
    所述呼吸控制模块与所述气源接口和所述呼吸回路连接，通过所述呼吸回路为患者提供呼吸支持。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的麻醉机，其特征在于，所述麻药输送模块包括气体混合器和麻醉蒸发器；所述气体混合器与所述气源接口和麻醉蒸发器连接，将氧气和平衡气体混合后输出到麻醉蒸发器；所述麻醉蒸发器将麻药与所述气体混合器输出的气体混合后输出到所述呼吸回路。
  13. 一种麻醉机系统，其特征在于，包括麻醉机和给氧设备，所述麻醉机设置有固定机构，所述给氧设备通过所述固定机构可拆卸地固定在所述麻醉机上。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的麻醉机系统，其特征在于，所述给氧设备的电源输入接口连接到所述麻醉机的辅助输出电源接口。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的麻醉机系统，其特征在于，所述给氧设备的气源输入接口连接到外部气源或连接到所述麻醉机的气源。
  16. 如权利要求13所述的麻醉机系统，其特征在于，所述麻醉机通过有线或无线的方式与所述给氧设备进行通信。
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CN111265748A (zh) * 2020-02-24 2020-06-12 娄保锋 一种麻醉气体输送装置
CN111265748B (zh) * 2020-02-24 2022-04-12 娄保锋 一种麻醉气体输送装置

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CN109069782A (zh) 2018-12-21
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