WO2019243002A1 - Photovoltaic module and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module and method for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019243002A1
WO2019243002A1 PCT/EP2019/063729 EP2019063729W WO2019243002A1 WO 2019243002 A1 WO2019243002 A1 WO 2019243002A1 EP 2019063729 W EP2019063729 W EP 2019063729W WO 2019243002 A1 WO2019243002 A1 WO 2019243002A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
photovoltaic module
cover layer
fabric
photovoltaic element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/063729
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Chabrecek
Dario BUZZIOL
Matthias Meissner
Original Assignee
Sefar Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sefar Ag filed Critical Sefar Ag
Publication of WO2019243002A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019243002A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/067—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a photovoltaic module with a flat base support, at least one photovoltaic element attached to it, a conductor arrangement for electrically contacting the at least one photovoltaic element and a transparent cover layer, the at least one photovoltaic element and the conductor arrangement being arranged between the base support and the cover layer and form a unit, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such a photovoltaic module according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • Photovoltaic modules have long been known as so-called solar cells. These generally consist of a large number of photovoltaic elements which have optoelectrical surface elements which lead to an electrical charge separation in the event of light. In this way, light energy can be converted into electrical energy, which can be dissipated and used by means of a conductor track arrangement.
  • Such photovoltaic modules are used, for example, on buildings, in particular on the roof or on walls.
  • photovoltaic modules have a dark or metallic bluish shimmering surface, which is often perceived as annoying. This can limit the use and also the extent of the use of photovoltaic modules. It is known to print a pattern on a surface of existing photovoltaic modules or to provide a pattern with an adhesive film in order to improve the overall optical impression of a photovoltaic module or to adapt it to an architecture in a desired manner.
  • a photovoltaic module is known in which the actual optoelectronically active photovoltaic element is electrically contacted by means of a fabric with metallically conductive threads as conductor tracks.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a photovoltaic module which is particularly flexible and efficiently adaptable in its external appearance. It is also an object to specify a method for producing such a photovoltaic mode.
  • the photovoltaic module according to the invention is characterized in that a sample carrier is arranged between the at least one photovoltaic element and the transparent cover layer and that the sample carrier is designed as an open-mesh fabric.
  • a flat base support which receives and holds one or more photovoltaic elements with an associated conductor track arrangement for the electrical contacting and dissipation of the generated electrical energy.
  • a transparent cover layer which is preferably a glass pane or a transparent plastic layer, is provided on the top side of the at least one photovoltaic element that is exposed to light.
  • the photovoltaic module is designed as an integrated unit. According to the invention, provision is made here for a sample carrier to be provided between the transparent cover layer and the at least one photovoltaic element on a surface side exposed to the light, which is designed according to the invention as an open-mesh fabric.
  • Such an open-mesh fabric also allows a relatively good passage of light, in particular with an essentially vertical angle of incidence of the light.
  • the optical impression of the photovoltaic module for the viewer is noticeably changed by a tissue provided in this way. This applies both to an essentially frontal view of the photovoltaic module and in particular to a viewing angle at an angle to the surface of the photovoltaic module.
  • the visual impression can be influenced by an appropriate selection of the type, size and color of the threads with which the fabric is produced.
  • a particularly preferred development of the invention consists in the pattern carrier being designed to receive a pattern and / or a color. In this way, the overall visual impression can be changed and influenced in a particularly varied and flexible manner.
  • the pattern and / or the color is applied as a layer on an upper side of the fabric, which faces the transparent cover layer.
  • This upper side is particularly important for the optical impression of the photovoltaic module according to the invention.
  • a particularly expedient embodiment of the invention is that the layer is also applied to the fabric by printing, coating or metallizing. In this way, a coating can be created in a particularly economical manner. Since the sample carrier coated in this way is protected by the overlying transparent cover layer, the sample carrier designed in this way is particularly weather-resistant.
  • an underside of the fabric which faces the at least one photovoltaic element, to be reflective, in particular white.
  • the energy yield of the preferably several photovoltaic elements can be improved. Because light emitted from a surface of the photovoltaic elements can do so are at least partially reflected back from the underside of the fabric lying thereon and can thus contribute to energy generation. In addition, unwanted reflections and reflections from a photovoltaic module can be efficiently reduced through the applied fabric.
  • the fabric can be formed from corresponding reflective or white threads, which are then provided with the layer for the pattern and / or the color only on their upper side.
  • the patterns and colors for application to the sample carrier can be chosen almost arbitrarily. Patterns can be understood to mean not only repeating patterns, but also pictures, letters or numbers and also overall uniform or changing colored areas. Color can also be understood to mean a metallic coating.
  • the sample carrier is electrically insulated from the at least one photovoltaic element, so that it does not impair the conductor track arrangement, which is preferably arranged on the rear side of the at least one photovoltaic element facing the base carrier.
  • the conductor track arrangement itself is designed as a fabric with at least partially electrically conductive threads. In particular, such a fabric can be formed with transparent threads, so that the conductor track arrangement is not or hardly visible.
  • An essentially transparent woven conductor track arrangement can also be arranged on an upper side of the at least one photovoltaic element provided for the incidence of light.
  • the sample carrier is then on the conductor track arrangement or is formed together with it.
  • the fabric can be made from any thread, in particular also from multifilament threads.
  • the fabric is woven from monofilament threads which are formed from a plastic.
  • the monofilament threads can have a diameter between 20 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m, in particular between 50 ⁇ m and 300 ⁇ m.
  • the monofilament threads can be provided in the weft and / or in the warp direction.
  • any suitable plastic for forming the threads can be provided.
  • the plastic comprises PET, PEN, PP, PEEK, PPS or a fluorine-containing polymer. These materials are particularly weather-resistant and show little shrinkage even when used for long periods in exposed light.
  • the tissue has an openness of between 25% and 80%, preferably between 50% and 80%. This means that there is 25% to 80% openings in the fabric of an illuminated area, while the rest is occupied by the threads. With this degree of openness, good stability is achieved in a preferably single-layer fabric with a simultaneous high degree of light transmission and the receptivity for a pattern and / or color.
  • an adhesive film is provided between the base carrier and the at least one photovoltaic element and / or between the photovoltaic element and the sample carrier and / or between the sample carrier and the cover layer is.
  • an adhesive layer can also be applied. The film or the layer can harden in a connection step to form a firm connection.
  • the photovoltaic module is designed as a plate element which comprises at least one outer frame element.
  • the frame can be arranged in regions or along the entire circumference of the photovoltaic module.
  • a total of surfaces, such as roofs or walls, can be partially or completely covered with the plate-shaped photovoltaic module.
  • the photovoltaic module can thus be used specifically as an architectural or design element.
  • the invention also includes a method for producing the photovoltaic module according to the invention described above.
  • At least one photovoltaic element and a conductor track arrangement for electrically contacting the at least one photovoltaic element are arranged on a base carrier. It is further provided that a sample carrier, which is designed as a fabric, is applied to the at least one photovoltaic element before applying a transparent cover layer. The fabric can also be integrated into the transparent cover layer.
  • the drawing figure shows an enlarged schematic cross section through a photovoltaic module 10 according to the invention.
  • the photovoltaic module 10 has a plate-shaped base support 12, to which a conductor track arrangement 22 with electrical conductor tracks is applied by means of an adhesive film 14.
  • Several photovoltaic elements 20 are arranged on the conductor track arrangement 22 in such a way that electrical charges which form when light is incident can be dissipated as electrical energy via the conductor track arrangement 22.
  • the photovoltaic elements 20 are in particular soldered to the conductor track arrangement 22 or electrically contacted in some other way.
  • a schematically illustrated open-mesh fabric 32 is placed on the photovoltaic elements 20 as a sample carrier 30.
  • a pattern is applied to an upper side 34 of the fabric 32.
  • the monofilament threads forming the fabric 32 can be white or black on an underside 36 of the fabric.
  • the underside 36 of the preferably single-layer fabric 32 can rest directly on the photovoltaic elements 20 or with the interposition of a further adhesive film, not shown here.
  • An upper side of the photovoltaic module 10 according to the invention is closed by a transparent cover layer 18, which can be a glass or a transparent plastic, for the light to enter.
  • An attachment of the transparent cover layer 18 can also be done by means of an adhesive film.
  • adhesive films liquid or solidly applied adhesive layers can also be provided.
  • the individual layers can be firmly connected to one another by a lamination process, for example under the influence of heat. This enables them to form a unit. Alternatively or additionally, all or individual layers can also be held together to form a unit, which is attached along an outer circumference of the photovoltaic module 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module having a planar base support, at least one photovoltaic element mounted thereon, a conductor track arrangement for electrically contact-connecting the at least one photovoltaic element and a transparent cover layer, wherein the photovoltaic element and the conductor track arrangement are arranged between the base support and the cover layer and form one unit. Provision is made for a pattern support to be arranged between the at least one photovoltaic element and the transparent cover layer and for the pattern support to be formed as an open mesh fabric.

Description

PHOTOVOLTAIKMODUL UND VERFAHREN ZU SEINER HERSTELLUNG  PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Photovolta ikmod ul mit einem flächigen Grundträger, mindes- tens einem daran angebrachten Photovoltaikelement, einer Leiterbahnanordnung zum elektrischen Kontaktieren des mindestens einen Photovoltaikelementes und einer transparenten Deckschicht, wobei das mindestens einen Photovoltaikelement und die Leiterbahnanordnung zwischen dem Grundträger und der Deckschicht angeordnet sind und eine Einheit bilden, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 . The invention relates to a photovoltaic module with a flat base support, at least one photovoltaic element attached to it, a conductor arrangement for electrically contacting the at least one photovoltaic element and a transparent cover layer, the at least one photovoltaic element and the conductor arrangement being arranged between the base support and the cover layer and form a unit, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Photovoltaik- moduls gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 1 . The invention also relates to a method for producing such a photovoltaic module according to the preamble of claim 11.
Photovoltaikmodule sind als sogenannte Solarzellen seit langem bekannt. Diese be- stehen in der Regel aus einer Vielzahl von Photovoltaikelementen, welche optoelekt- rische Flächenelemente aufweisen, welche bei Lichteinfall zu einer elektrischen La- dungstrennung führen. Hierdurch kann Lichtenergie in elektrische Energie umgewan- delt werden, welche mittels einer Leiterbahnanordnung abgeführt und genutzt werden kann. Photovoltaic modules have long been known as so-called solar cells. These generally consist of a large number of photovoltaic elements which have optoelectrical surface elements which lead to an electrical charge separation in the event of light. In this way, light energy can be converted into electrical energy, which can be dissipated and used by means of a conductor track arrangement.
Derartige Photovoltaikmodule werden etwa an Gebäuden, insbesondere auf dem Dach oder an Wänden eingesetzt. Such photovoltaic modules are used, for example, on buildings, in particular on the roof or on walls.
Photovoltaikmodule haben in der Regel eine dunkle oder metallisch bläulich schim- mernde Oberfläche, die häufig als störend empfunden wird. Dies kann einen Einsatz und auch dem Umfang des Einsatzes von Photovoltaikmodulen beschränken. Es ist bekannt, eine Oberfläche bestehender Photovoltaikmodule mit einem Muster zu bedrucken oder mit einer Klebefolie mit einem Muster zu versehen, um den optischen Gesamteindruck eines Photovoltaikmodules zu verbessern oder in einer gewünschten Weise an eine Architektur anzupassen. As a rule, photovoltaic modules have a dark or metallic bluish shimmering surface, which is often perceived as annoying. This can limit the use and also the extent of the use of photovoltaic modules. It is known to print a pattern on a surface of existing photovoltaic modules or to provide a pattern with an adhesive film in order to improve the overall optical impression of a photovoltaic module or to adapt it to an architecture in a desired manner.
Allerdings ist ein derartiges Aufträgen von Mustern bei dem üblichen Einsatz von Pho- tovoltaikmodulen im Außenbereich hinsichtlich der Langlebigkeit und möglicher Ände- rungen von Muster und Farbe problematisch. Insbesondere bei flächigen Mustern führt dies auch zu einer merklichen Leistungsminderung des Photovoltaikmoduls. However, such a pattern application is problematic with the usual use of photovoltaic modules outdoors in terms of durability and possible changes in pattern and color. Particularly in the case of flat patterns, this also leads to a noticeable reduction in the performance of the photovoltaic module.
Aus der EP 2 790 196 A1 ist ein Photovoltaikmodul bekannt, bei dem eine elektrische Kontaktierung des eigentlichen optoelektronisch wirksamen Photovoltaikelementes mittels eines Gewebes mit metallisch leitenden Fäden als Leiterbahnen erfolgt. From EP 2 790 196 A1 a photovoltaic module is known in which the actual optoelectronically active photovoltaic element is electrically contacted by means of a fabric with metallically conductive threads as conductor tracks.
Der Erfindung liegt die A u f g a b e zugrunde, ein Photovoltaikmodul anzugeben, welches in seinem äußeren Erscheinungsbild besonders flexibel und effizient anpass- bar ist. Weiter ist es eine Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Pho- tovoltaikmodus anzugeben. The invention is based on the object of specifying a photovoltaic module which is particularly flexible and efficiently adaptable in its external appearance. It is also an object to specify a method for producing such a photovoltaic mode.
Die Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung durch ein Photovoltaikmodul mit den Merkmalen des Anspruch 1 beziehungsweise ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprü- chen angegeben. The object is achieved according to the invention by a photovoltaic module with the features of claim 1 or a method with the features of claim 1 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Photovoltaikmodul ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwi- schen dem mindestens einen Photovoltaikelement und der transparenten Deckschicht ein Musterträger angeordnet ist und dass der Musterträger als ein offenmaschiges Ge- webe ausgebildet ist. The photovoltaic module according to the invention is characterized in that a sample carrier is arranged between the at least one photovoltaic element and the transparent cover layer and that the sample carrier is designed as an open-mesh fabric.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Photovoltaikmodul ist ein flächiger Grundträger vorgese- hen, welcher ein oder mehrere Photovoltaikelemente mit einer zugehörigen Leiter- bahnanordnung zum elektrischen Kontaktieren und Ableitung der erzeugten elektri- schen Energie aufnimmt und hält. An der dem Lichteinfall ausgesetzten Oberseite des mindestens einen Photovoltaikelementes ist eine transparente Deckschicht vorgese- hen, welche vorzugsweise eine Glasscheibe oder eine transparente Kunststoffschicht ist. Das Photovoltaikmodul ist dabei als eine integrierte Einheit ausgebildet. Gemäß der Erfindung ist dabei vorgesehen, zwischen der transparenten Deckschicht und dem mindestens einen Photovoltaikelement an einer dem Lichteinfall ausgesetz- ten Oberflächenseite einen Musterträger vorzusehen, der erfindungsgemäß als ein of- fenmaschiges Gewebe ausgebildet ist. Ein solches offenmaschiges Gewebe erlaubt weiterhin einen relativ guten Lichtdurchtritt, insbesondere bei einem im Wesentlichen vertikalen Einfallswinkel des Lichts. Gleichzeitig wird der optische Eindruck des Pho- tovoltaikmoduls für den Betrachter durch ein so vorgesehenes Gewebe merklich ver- ändert. Dies gilt sowohl bei einer im Wesentlichen frontalen Betrachtung des Photo- voltaikmoduls und insbesondere für einen Betrachtungswinkel schräg zur Oberfläche des Photovoltaikmoduls. In the photovoltaic module according to the invention, a flat base support is provided, which receives and holds one or more photovoltaic elements with an associated conductor track arrangement for the electrical contacting and dissipation of the generated electrical energy. A transparent cover layer, which is preferably a glass pane or a transparent plastic layer, is provided on the top side of the at least one photovoltaic element that is exposed to light. The photovoltaic module is designed as an integrated unit. According to the invention, provision is made here for a sample carrier to be provided between the transparent cover layer and the at least one photovoltaic element on a surface side exposed to the light, which is designed according to the invention as an open-mesh fabric. Such an open-mesh fabric also allows a relatively good passage of light, in particular with an essentially vertical angle of incidence of the light. At the same time, the optical impression of the photovoltaic module for the viewer is noticeably changed by a tissue provided in this way. This applies both to an essentially frontal view of the photovoltaic module and in particular to a viewing angle at an angle to the surface of the photovoltaic module.
Grundsätzlich kann der optische Eindruck durch eine entsprechende Auswahl der Art, Größe und Farbe der Fäden beeinflusst werden, mit denen das Gewebe hergestellt wird. Eine besonders bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass der Musterträger zum Aufnehmen eines Musters und/oder einer Farbe ausgebildet ist. Flierdurch kann der optische Gesamteindruck besonders vielfältig und in einer flexiblen Weise verändert und beeinflusst werden. Basically, the visual impression can be influenced by an appropriate selection of the type, size and color of the threads with which the fabric is produced. A particularly preferred development of the invention consists in the pattern carrier being designed to receive a pattern and / or a color. In this way, the overall visual impression can be changed and influenced in a particularly varied and flexible manner.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es dabei, dass das Muster und/oder die Farbe als eine Schicht auf eine Oberseite des Gewebes aufgebracht ist, welche der transparenten Deck- schicht zugewandt ist. Diese Oberseite ist dabei für den optischen Eindruck des erfin- dungsgemäßen Photovoltaikmoduls besonders maßgeblich. It is particularly advantageous that the pattern and / or the color is applied as a layer on an upper side of the fabric, which faces the transparent cover layer. This upper side is particularly important for the optical impression of the photovoltaic module according to the invention.
Dabei besteht eine besonders zweckmäßige Ausführungsform der Erfindung darin, dass die Schicht auch das Gewebe durch Bedrucken, Beschichten oder Metallisieren aufgebracht ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine Beschichtung in besonders wirtschaftlicher Weise erstellt werden. Da der so beschichtete Musterträger durch die darüberliegende transparente Deckschicht geschützt ist, ist der so gestaltete Musterträger besonders witterungsbeständig. A particularly expedient embodiment of the invention is that the layer is also applied to the fabric by printing, coating or metallizing. In this way, a coating can be created in a particularly economical manner. Since the sample carrier coated in this way is protected by the overlying transparent cover layer, the sample carrier designed in this way is particularly weather-resistant.
In vorteilhafter Weise kann nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung erreicht werden, dass eine Unterseite des Gewebes, welche dem mindestens einen Photovoltaikele- ment zugewandt ist, reflektierend, insbesondere weiß, ausgebildet ist. So kann die Energieausbeute der vorzugsweise mehreren Photovoltaikelemente verbessert wer- den. Denn von einer Oberfläche der Photovoltaikelemente abgestrahltes Licht kann so zumindest teilweise von der Unterseite des aufliegenden Gewebes erneut zurückre- flektiert werden und kann so zur Energieerzeugung beitragen. Zudem können durch das aufgebrachte Gewebe so unerwünschte Reflektionen und Spiegelungen von ei- nem Photovoltaikmodul effizient reduziert werden. Dabei kann das Gewebe aus ent- sprechenden reflektierenden oder weißen Fäden gebildet sein, welche dann nur auf ihrer Oberseite mit der Schicht für das Muster und/oder die Farbe versehen werden. According to a further development of the invention, it is advantageously possible for an underside of the fabric, which faces the at least one photovoltaic element, to be reflective, in particular white. In this way, the energy yield of the preferably several photovoltaic elements can be improved. Because light emitted from a surface of the photovoltaic elements can do so are at least partially reflected back from the underside of the fabric lying thereon and can thus contribute to energy generation. In addition, unwanted reflections and reflections from a photovoltaic module can be efficiently reduced through the applied fabric. The fabric can be formed from corresponding reflective or white threads, which are then provided with the layer for the pattern and / or the color only on their upper side.
Die Muster und Farben zum Aufbringen auf den Musterträger können nahezu beliebig gewählt werden. Unter Muster können dabei nicht nur sich wiederholende Muster, son- dern auch Bilder, Buchstaben oder Zahlen und auch insgesamt einheitliche oder sich verändernde Farbflächen verstanden werden. Unter Farbe kann auch eine metallische Beschichtung verstanden werden. Der Musterträger ist gegenüber dem mindestens einen Photovoltaikelement elektrisch isoliert, so dass diese die Leiterbahnanordnung, die vorzugsweise auf der zum Grundträger hin gerichteten Rückseite des mindestens einen Photovoltaikelementes angeordnet ist, nicht beeinträchtigt. In bevorzugter Weise ist die Leiterbahnanordnung selbst als ein Gewebe mit zumindest teilweise elektrisch leitenden Fäden ausgebildet. Insbesondere kann ein solches Gewebe mit transparenten Fäden gebildet sein, so dass die Leiterbahnanordnung nicht oder kaum sichtbar ist. Eine im Wesentlichen transparente gewebte Leiterbahnenanordnung kann auch auf einer für den Lichteinfall vorgesehenen Oberseite des mindestens einen Pho- tovoltaikelementes angeordnet sein. Der Musterträger befindet sich dann auf der Lei- terbahnanordnung oder ist mit dieser zusammen ausgebildet. The patterns and colors for application to the sample carrier can be chosen almost arbitrarily. Patterns can be understood to mean not only repeating patterns, but also pictures, letters or numbers and also overall uniform or changing colored areas. Color can also be understood to mean a metallic coating. The sample carrier is electrically insulated from the at least one photovoltaic element, so that it does not impair the conductor track arrangement, which is preferably arranged on the rear side of the at least one photovoltaic element facing the base carrier. In a preferred manner, the conductor track arrangement itself is designed as a fabric with at least partially electrically conductive threads. In particular, such a fabric can be formed with transparent threads, so that the conductor track arrangement is not or hardly visible. An essentially transparent woven conductor track arrangement can also be arranged on an upper side of the at least one photovoltaic element provided for the incidence of light. The sample carrier is then on the conductor track arrangement or is formed together with it.
Grundsätzlich kann das Gewebe aus beliebigen Fäden hergestellt sein, insbesondere auch aus Multifilamentfäden. Besonders bevorzugt ist es nach einerWeiterbildung der Erfindung, dass das Gewebe aus Monofilamentfäden gewebt ist, welche aus einem Kunststoff gebildet sind. Diese sind zum einen besonders robust und zum anderen auch gut bedruckbar, wobei eine Unterseite ein gutes Reflektionsverhalten aufweist. Die Monofilamentfäden können einen Durchmesser zwischen 20 pm bis 500 miti, ins- besondere zwischen 50 pm und 300 pm, aufweisen. Die Monofilamentfäden können in Schuss- und/oder in Kettrichtung vorgesehen sein. In principle, the fabric can be made from any thread, in particular also from multifilament threads. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly preferred that the fabric is woven from monofilament threads which are formed from a plastic. On the one hand, these are particularly robust and, on the other hand, they are also easy to print on, with an underside having good reflection behavior. The monofilament threads can have a diameter between 20 μm and 500 μm, in particular between 50 μm and 300 μm. The monofilament threads can be provided in the weft and / or in the warp direction.
Grundsätzlich kann jeder geeignete Kunststoff zum Bilden der Fäden vorgesehen wer- den. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es nach einer Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung, dass der Kunststoff PET, PEN, PP, PEEK, PPS oder ein fluorhaltiges Polymer aufweist. Diese Materialien sind besonders witterungsbeständig und weisen auch bei längerfris- tigem Einsatz bei ausgesetztem Licht nur eine geringe Schrumpfung auf. In principle, any suitable plastic for forming the threads can be provided. According to one embodiment variant of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the plastic comprises PET, PEN, PP, PEEK, PPS or a fluorine-containing polymer. These materials are particularly weather-resistant and show little shrinkage even when used for long periods in exposed light.
Hinsichtlich der Ausbildung des Gewebes ist es bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Photo- voltaikmodul vorteilhaft, dass das Gewebe eine Offenheit zwischen 25% und 80%, vorzugsweise zwischen 50% und 80%, aufweist. Dies bedeutet, dass bei einer be- schienenen Fläche 25% bis 80% Öffnungen im Gewebe bestehen, während der rest- liche Anteil durch die Fäden belegt ist. Bei diesem Grad der Offenheit wird eine gute Stabilität bei einem vorzugsweise einlagigen Gewebe bei einem gleichzeitigen hohen Grad der Lichtdurchlässigkeit und der Aufnahmefähigkeit für ein Muster und/oder Farbe erreicht. With regard to the formation of the tissue, it is advantageous in a photovoltaic module according to the invention that the tissue has an openness of between 25% and 80%, preferably between 50% and 80%. This means that there is 25% to 80% openings in the fabric of an illuminated area, while the rest is occupied by the threads. With this degree of openness, good stability is achieved in a preferably single-layer fabric with a simultaneous high degree of light transmission and the receptivity for a pattern and / or color.
Für einen besonders zweckmäßigen Aufbau des Photovoltaikmoduls ist es nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorteilhaft, dass zwischen dem Grundträger und dem min- destens einen Photovoltaikelement und/oder zwischen dem Photovoltaikelement und dem Musterträger und/oder zwischen dem Musterträger und der Deckschicht eine Kle- befolie vorgesehen ist. Dies erlaubt einen einfachen und effizienten Aufbau eines Pho- tovoltaikelementes. Statt einer Klebefolie kann auch eine Klebeschicht aufgebracht sein. Die Folie oder die Schicht kann bei einem Verbindungsschritt zu einer festen Verbindung aushärten. For a particularly expedient construction of the photovoltaic module, it is advantageous according to a further development of the invention that an adhesive film is provided between the base carrier and the at least one photovoltaic element and / or between the photovoltaic element and the sample carrier and / or between the sample carrier and the cover layer is. This allows a simple and efficient construction of a photovoltaic element. Instead of an adhesive film, an adhesive layer can also be applied. The film or the layer can harden in a connection step to form a firm connection.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung kann darin gesehen wer- den, dass das Photovoltaikmodul als ein Plattenelement ausgebildet ist, welches min- destens ein äußeres Rahmenelement umfasst. Der Rahmen kann dabei bereichs- weise oder entlang des gesamten Umfangs des Photovoltaikmoduls angeordnet sein. Mit dem plattenförmigen Photovoltaikmodul können insgesamt Flächen, etwa Dächer oder Wände, teilweise oder vollständig bedeckt werden. Das Photovoltaikmodul kann so gezielt als ein Architektur- oder Designelement eingesetzt werden. Another advantageous embodiment variant of the invention can be seen in the fact that the photovoltaic module is designed as a plate element which comprises at least one outer frame element. The frame can be arranged in regions or along the entire circumference of the photovoltaic module. A total of surfaces, such as roofs or walls, can be partially or completely covered with the plate-shaped photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module can thus be used specifically as an architectural or design element.
Durch den mit der Erfindung erreichten hohen Freiheitsgrad bei der optischen Gestal- tung von Photovoltaikmodulen stehen Architekten und Designern vielfältige Möglich- keiten zur Verfügung, Photovoltaikmodule an Gebäuden, Fahrzeugen oder anderen Elementen und Einrichtungen in optisch attraktiver Weise vorzusehen. Hierdurch kann eine weitergehende Nutzung von Photovoltaikmodulen erreicht werden. Grundsätzlich umfasst die Erfindung auch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen des zuvor beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Photovoltaikmoduls. Due to the high degree of freedom achieved with the invention in the optical design of photovoltaic modules, architects and designers have a wide range of options for providing photovoltaic modules on buildings, vehicles or other elements and facilities in an optically attractive manner. As a result, further use of photovoltaic modules can be achieved. in principle The invention also includes a method for producing the photovoltaic module according to the invention described above.
Gemäß diesem Verfahren ist vorgesehen, dass auf einem Grundträger mindestens ein Photovoltaikelement und eine Leiterbahnanordnung zum elektrischen Kontaktieren des mindestens einen Photovoltaikelementes angeordnet werden. Dabei ist es weiter vorgesehen, dass vor einem Aufbringen einer transparenten Deckschicht auf das min- destens eine Photovoltaikelement ein Musterträger aufgebracht wird, welcher als ein Gewebe ausgebildet ist. Das Gewebe kann auch in die transparente Deckschicht in- tegriert sein. According to this method, it is provided that at least one photovoltaic element and a conductor track arrangement for electrically contacting the at least one photovoltaic element are arranged on a base carrier. It is further provided that a sample carrier, which is designed as a fabric, is applied to the at least one photovoltaic element before applying a transparent cover layer. The fabric can also be integrated into the transparent cover layer.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrie- ben, welches stark schematisiert in der beiliegenden Zeichnungsfigur dargestellt ist. The invention is described in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment, which is shown in a highly schematic manner in the attached drawing figure.
Die Zeichnungsfigur zeigt einen vergrößerten schematischen Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Photovoltaikmodul 10. The drawing figure shows an enlarged schematic cross section through a photovoltaic module 10 according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Photovoltaikmodul 10 weist einen plattenförmigen Grundträ- ger 12 auf, auf welchen mittels einer Klebefolie 14 eine Leiterbahnanordnung 22 mit elektrischen Leiterbahnen aufgebracht ist. Auf der Leiterbahnanordnung 22 sind meh- rere Photovoltaikelemente 20 derart angeordnet, dass sich bei Lichteinfall bildende elektrische Ladungen als elektrische Energie über die Leiterbahnanordnung 22 abge- führt werden können. Die Photovoltaikelemente 20 sind insbesondere mit der Leiter- bahnanordnung 22 verlötet oder in sonstiger Weise elektrisch kontaktiert. The photovoltaic module 10 according to the invention has a plate-shaped base support 12, to which a conductor track arrangement 22 with electrical conductor tracks is applied by means of an adhesive film 14. Several photovoltaic elements 20 are arranged on the conductor track arrangement 22 in such a way that electrical charges which form when light is incident can be dissipated as electrical energy via the conductor track arrangement 22. The photovoltaic elements 20 are in particular soldered to the conductor track arrangement 22 or electrically contacted in some other way.
Auf die Photovoltaikelemente 20 ist ein schematisch dargestelltes offenmaschiges Ge- webe 32 als ein Musterträger 30 aufgelegt. Dabei ist auf eine Oberseite 34 des Gewe- bes 32 ein Muster aufgebracht. Die das Gewebe 32 bildenden Monofilamentfäden kön- nen an einer Unterseite 36 des Gewebes weiß oder auch schwarz ausgebildet sein. Die Unterseite 36 des vorzugsweise einlagigen Gewebes 32 kann unmittelbar auf den Photovoltaikelementen 20 aufliegen oder unter Zwischenschaltung einer hier nicht dar- gestellten weiteren Klebefolie. A schematically illustrated open-mesh fabric 32 is placed on the photovoltaic elements 20 as a sample carrier 30. A pattern is applied to an upper side 34 of the fabric 32. The monofilament threads forming the fabric 32 can be white or black on an underside 36 of the fabric. The underside 36 of the preferably single-layer fabric 32 can rest directly on the photovoltaic elements 20 or with the interposition of a further adhesive film, not shown here.
Eine Oberseite des erfindungsgemäßen Photovoltaikmoduls 10 wird zum Lichteintritt durch eine transparente Deckschicht 18 abgeschlossen, welche ein Glas oder ein transparenter Kunststoff sein kann. Eine Befestigung der transparenten Deckschicht 18 kann dabei ebenfalls mittels einer Klebefolie erfolgen. Anstelle der Klebefolien kön- nen auch flüssig oder fest aufgebrachte Klebeschichten vorgesehen sein. Die einzel- nen Schichten können durch einen Laminierungsprozess, etwa unter Einwirkung von Wärme, miteinander fest verbunden werden. Hierdurch können diese eine Einheit bil- den. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können alle oder einzelne Schichten auch durch einen Rahmen zu einer Einheit zusammengehalten werden, welcher entlang eines Au- ßenumfangs des Photovoltaikmoduls 10 angebracht ist. An upper side of the photovoltaic module 10 according to the invention is closed by a transparent cover layer 18, which can be a glass or a transparent plastic, for the light to enter. An attachment of the transparent cover layer 18 can also be done by means of an adhesive film. Instead of the adhesive films, liquid or solidly applied adhesive layers can also be provided. The individual layers can be firmly connected to one another by a lamination process, for example under the influence of heat. This enables them to form a unit. Alternatively or additionally, all or individual layers can also be held together to form a unit, which is attached along an outer circumference of the photovoltaic module 10.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Photovoltaikmodul mit 1. Photovoltaic module with
einem flächigen Grundträger (12),  a flat base support (12),
mindestens einem daran angebrachten Photovoltaikelement (20), einer Leiterbahnanordnung (22) zum elektrischen Kontaktieren des mindes- tens einen Photovoltaikelementes (20) und  at least one photovoltaic element (20) attached to it, a conductor track arrangement (22) for electrically contacting the at least one photovoltaic element (20) and
einer transparenten Deckschicht (18), wobei das Photovoltaikelement (20) und die Leiterbahnanordnung (22) zwischen dem Grundträger (12) und der Deckschicht (18) angeordnet sind und eine Einheit bilden,  a transparent cover layer (18), the photovoltaic element (20) and the conductor track arrangement (22) being arranged between the base support (12) and the cover layer (18) and forming a unit,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass zwischen dem mindestens einen Photovoltaikelement (20) und der transparenten Deckschicht (18) ein Musterträger (30) angeordnet ist und dass der Musterträger (30) als ein offenmaschiges Gewebe (32) ausgebil- det ist.  that a sample carrier (30) is arranged between the at least one photovoltaic element (20) and the transparent cover layer (18) and that the sample carrier (30) is designed as an open-mesh fabric (32).
2. Photovoltaikmodul nach Anspruch 1, 2. photovoltaic module according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,  characterized ,
dass der Musterträger (30) zum Aufnehmen eines Musters und/oder einer Farbe ausgebildet ist.  that the pattern carrier (30) is designed to receive a pattern and / or a color.
3. Photovoltaikmodul nach Anspruch 2, 3. photovoltaic module according to claim 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass das Muster und/oder die Farbe als eine Schicht (40) auf eine Oberseite (34) des Gewebes (32) aufgebracht ist, welche der transparenten Deckschicht (18) zu- gewandt ist. that the pattern and / or the color is applied as a layer (40) to an upper side (34) of the fabric (32) which faces the transparent cover layer (18).
4. Photovoltaikmodul nach Anspruch 3, 4. photovoltaic module according to claim 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schicht (40) auf das Gewebe (32) durch Drucken, Beschichten oder Me- tallisieren aufgebracht ist.  that the layer (40) is applied to the fabric (32) by printing, coating or metallizing.
5. Photovoltaikmodul nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, 5. photovoltaic module according to claim 3 or 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass eine Unterseite (36) des Gewebes (32), welche dem mindestens einen Pho- tovoltaikelement (20) zugewandt ist, reflektierend, insbesondere Weiß, ausgebil- det ist.  that an underside (36) of the fabric (32), which faces the at least one photovoltaic element (20), is designed to be reflective, in particular white.
6. Photovoltaikmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, 6. photovoltaic module according to one of claims 1 to 5,
dadurch gekennze ichnet,  characterized,
dass das Gewebe (32) aus Monofilamentfäden gewebt ist, welche aus einem Kunststoff gebildet sind.  that the fabric (32) is woven from monofilament threads which are formed from a plastic.
7. Photovoltaikmodul nach Anspruch 6, 7. photovoltaic module according to claim 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass der Kunststoff PET, PEN, PP, PEEK, PPS oder ein fluorhaltiges Polymer aufweist.  that the plastic has PET, PEN, PP, PEEK, PPS or a fluorine-containing polymer.
8. Photovoltaikmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, 8. photovoltaic module according to one of claims 1 to 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass das Gewebe (32) eine Offenheit zwischen 25% bis 80%, vorzugsweise zwi- schen 50% und 80%, aufweist.  that the fabric (32) has an openness of between 25% and 80%, preferably between 50% and 80%.
9. Photovoltaikmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, 9. photovoltaic module according to one of claims 1 to 8,
dadurch gekennzeichn et,  characterized,
dass zwischen dem Grundträger (12) und dem mindestens einen Photovoltaikele- ment (20) und/oder zwischen dem Photovoltaikelement (20) und dem Musterträger (30) und/oder zwischen dem Musterträger (30) und der Deckschicht (18) eine Kle- befolie (14) vorgesehen ist. that between the base support (12) and the at least one photovoltaic element (20) and / or between the photovoltaic element (20) and the sample support (30) and / or between the sample support (30) and the cover layer (18) foil (14) is provided.
10. Photovoltaikmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, 10. photovoltaic module according to one of claims 1 to 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass das Photovoltaikmodul (10) als ein Plattenelement ausgebildet ist, welches mindestens ein äußeres Rahmenelement aufweist.  that the photovoltaic module (10) is designed as a plate element which has at least one outer frame element.
11. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Photovoltaikmoduls, insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, mit 11. A method for producing a photovoltaic module, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 10, with
einem flächigen Grundträger (12),  a flat base support (12),
mindestens einem daran angebrachten Photovoltaikelement (20), einer Leiterbahnanordnung (22) zum elektrischen Kontaktieren des mindes- tens einen Photovoltaikelementes (20) und  at least one photovoltaic element (20) attached to it, a conductor track arrangement (22) for electrically contacting the at least one photovoltaic element (20) and
einer transparenten Deckschicht (18), wobei das Photovoltaikelement (20) und die Leiterbahnanordnung (22) zwischen dem Grundträger (12) und der Deckschicht (18) angeordnet werden und eine Einheit bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet,  a transparent cover layer (18), the photovoltaic element (20) and the conductor track arrangement (22) being arranged between the base support (12) and the cover layer (18) and forming a unit, characterized in that
dass auf das mindestens eine Photovoltaikelement (20) vor einem Aufbrin- gen der transparenten Deckschicht (18) ein Musterträger (30) aufgebracht wird und  that a sample carrier (30) is applied to the at least one photovoltaic element (20) before the transparent cover layer (18) is applied, and
dass der Musterträger (30) als ein offenmaschiges Gewebe (32) ausgebil- det wird.  that the sample carrier (30) is designed as an open-mesh fabric (32).
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