WO2019242087A1

WO2019242087A1 - Low-profile, miniature, high-isolation degree dual-polarized patch antenna unit

Info

Publication number: WO2019242087A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/101902
Authority: WO
Inventors: 葛磊; 赵田野
Original assignee: 深圳市深大唯同科技有限公司
Priority date: 2018-06-20
Filing date: 2018-08-23
Publication date: 2019-12-26
Also published as: CN108899644B; CN108899644A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-profile, miniature, high-isolation degree dual-polarized patch antenna unit. The unit comprises a substrate; at least two layers of support media are provided on one surface of the substrate; a power division feeding network is provided on the surface of the substrate distant from the support media; a radiation patch is provided on the surface of each layer of the support media distant from the substrate; the unit further comprises conductive feeding columns which separately penetrate through the substrate and the support media and connect the radiation patches and the feeding network. According to the present invention, by properly setting dielectric constants and heights of the layers of the support media, the size and the height of the unit can be greatly reduced, so miniaturization and a low-profile can be achieved; cross coupling between units in an array is effectively reduced; the isolation degree is improved; characteristics such as the wave width, the gain and the cross polarization of a radiation pattern are changed. By using a constant-amplitude reserved-phase feeding way, and setting positions of output ends and feeding columns, higher-order modes in the patches are eliminated, mutual interference in the unit is effectively inhibited, and isolation degree of ports and cross polarization and symmetry of the pattern are improved.

Description

Low-profile, miniaturized, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit

[Technical Field]

The invention relates to the technical field of communication antennas, in particular to a dual-polarization patch antenna unit with low profile, miniaturization and high isolation.

【Background technique】

5G mobile communication antennas widely use Massive MIMO (large-scale multiple input multiple output) array technology, which requires the antenna design to meet the following principles: 1. Miniaturization, low profile, easy to integrate; reduce the size of the antenna array, reduce the profile, The integration with the active beamforming network is related to the size and distribution space of the entire system and the compatibility of the system modules. 2. High isolation and low mutual coupling effect. In a MIMO system, mutual coupling between antenna units will not only reduce the isolation of the channel, but also reduce the communication efficiency of the entire system. However, the current base station antenna unit widely adopts the technical solution of the symmetric oscillator. Its height and area are proportional to the wavelength, the profile is high, the volume is large, and the mutual coupling between the units is strong, which makes it difficult to improve the isolation and the distortion of the pattern, which seriously affects The overall performance of the antenna array; In addition, the installation of the symmetric oscillator is complicated, the consistency is not good, it is difficult to integrate with the active system module, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of the Massive MIMO system.

Therefore, the industry urgently needs a dual-polarization antenna unit that is miniaturized, low profile, high isolation, high integration, good consistency and easy to tune.

[Summary of the Invention]

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a low-profile, miniaturized, and highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit, which includes a substrate, and one surface of the substrate is provided with at least one layer of supporting medium, and also includes any A power division feeding network according to one item, wherein the substrate is provided with a power division feeding network on a surface away from the supporting medium;

Radiation patches are provided on the surface of each layer of the supporting medium away from the substrate;

It also includes a conductive feed post for penetrating the substrate and the support medium, and connecting the radiation patch and the feed network.

Further, the height of the supporting medium is 0.002-0.1 working wavelengths.

Further, the dielectric constant of the supporting medium is 1.0-16.0.

Further, the power division feeding network includes two sets of power dividers maintaining a certain distance and two sets of input ends connected to the power divider, and two ends of the power divider are respectively connected to output ends;

After the output ends of the power splitter ends of the same group in the power division feeding network are connected, the angle between the two connections of the output ends of different groups is 90 degrees.

Further, in the power division feeding network, the amplitude difference between the input end and the two output ends of the same group is less than 0.5 dB, and the phase difference is 160-200 degrees.

Further, the power division feeding network includes a microstrip line, a coplanar waveguide, or other forms of transmission lines.

Further, the substrate is provided with a solder layer and a first pad on a surface close to the supporting medium, and the solder layer and the first pad are isolated and arranged between the solder layer and the first pad;

A first metal ground and a second pad are provided on a surface of the supporting medium near the substrate, and the first metal ground and the second pad are overlapped and soldered with the solder layer and the first pad, respectively.

Further, the radiation patch is vertically projected on the substrate, and the projection area covers the power divider and the output end.

Further, the shape of the radiation patch includes a polygon or a circle.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

By reasonably setting the dielectric constant and height of each layer of the supporting medium, the invention can greatly reduce the size and height of the unit, realize miniaturization and low profile, effectively reduce the mutual coupling between the units in the array, improve the isolation, and change The radiation pattern has characteristics such as wave width, gain, and cross polarization.

The radiating unit and the feeding network of the present invention are integrally formed by the SMT welding process, and have high integration, good consistency and high reliability.

Each group of the power division network of the present invention adopts equal-amplitude reverse-phase feeding for the radiation patch, and by setting the positions of the output terminal and the feeding column reasonably, the high-order modes in the patch can be eliminated, and the unit Mutual interference is effectively suppressed, improving port isolation and cross polarization and symmetry of the pattern.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a low-profile, miniaturized, and highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit;

2 is a schematic diagram of a low-profile, miniaturized, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view from another perspective of FIG. 2; FIG.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 3;

5 is a standing wave curve diagram of a low-profile, miniaturized, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit;

FIG. 6 is an isolation curve diagram of a low-profile, miniaturized, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit; FIG.

FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern diagram of a low-profile, miniaturized, and highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit.

Identification in the figure: 1-substrate; 2-solder layer; 3-first pad; 4-conducting feed post; 5a-first support medium; 5b-second support medium; 6a-first radiation patch; 6b -Second radiation patch; 7-power division feeding network; 71- first power divider; 72- second power divider; 701- first output end; 702- third output end; 703- first input 704-the second input terminal; 705-the second output terminal; 706-the fourth output terminal; 707-the first power branch; 708-the second power branch.

【detailed description】

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and do not limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it needs to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outer" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than The indicated or implied device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms shall be understood in a broad sense unless specified and limited otherwise. For example, they may be fixed connections, or may be Disassembly and connection or integration; it can be mechanical or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

Referring to FIG. 1, the present invention provides a low-profile, miniaturized, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit, which includes a substrate 1, and at least two layers of supporting medium are provided on one surface of the substrate 1. The power division feeding network 7 is included, and the substrate 1 is provided with a power division feeding network 7 on a surface far from the supporting medium;

Radiation patches are provided on the surface of each layer of the supporting medium away from the substrate 1;

It also includes a conductive feed post 4 for penetrating the substrate 1 and the support medium, respectively, and connecting the radiation patch and the feed network.

The supporting medium here is a multilayer structure, and the number of layers is designed according to requirements. This embodiment is described in the form of a two-layer structure. As shown in FIG. 1 in detail, a first support medium 5a and a second support medium 5b are sequentially arranged on one side of the substrate 1 from bottom to top; the first support medium shown 5a and the second support medium 5b are etched with a radiation patch on a surface remote from the substrate 1. For example, the first support medium 5a and the second support medium 5b are provided with a first radiation patch 6a and a second radiation patch 6b, respectively. The radiation patch here has a rectangular structure, and of course, irregular shapes such as circles and polygons can also be used. The use of two radiating patches can increase the resonance frequency and broaden the impedance bandwidth. The side length ratio of 6a and 6b is between 0.8: 1 and 1.5: 1.

In order to achieve the technical requirements of miniaturization, the present embodiment describes in detail the current frequency band 3400-3600MHz of 5G, the height of the supporting medium is 0.002-0.1 working wavelength, and the dielectric constant of the supporting medium is 1.0-16.0. Increasing the dielectric constant of the medium can reduce the area of the unit, but it will also increase the Q value of the antenna and reduce the bandwidth. Similarly, reducing the height of the medium can reduce the profile of the unit, but it will also increase the Q value and affect the bandwidth. After optimized design, the unit provided in this case has an area reduction of more than 60% and a height reduction of more than 75% compared to the traditional symmetric oscillator unit. It truly realizes miniaturization and low profile, which can effectively reduce the interaction between the units in the antenna array. Coupling, improve isolation, change the radiation pattern's wave width, gain, cross polarization and other characteristics.

As shown in FIG. 3, a power distribution feeding network 7 is provided on the lower surface of the substrate 1, forming four output terminals, each output terminal is connected to a conductive feed post, and the conductive feed post extends upward from the lower surface of the substrate 1 and passes through The substrate 1 and the second supporting medium 5b are in contact with the radiation patch 6b.

The power-division feeding network 7 includes two sets of power dividers maintaining a certain distance and two sets of input ends connected to the power divider, and two ends of the power divider are respectively connected to two output ends;

After the output ends of the power divider ends of the same group in the power division feeding network 7 are connected, the angle between the two connections of the output ends of different groups is 90 degrees. Each output end is connected to a conductive feed post 4 which is arranged vertically and is located at a non-adjacent rectangular corner position of the radiation patch 6b and is in contact with the radiation patch, which can be further considered as four The conductive feeding columns 4 are arranged at intervals near the corners of the rectangle. The two sets of power dividers directly feed the patches through conductive feed posts to achieve the radiation characteristics of two orthogonal polarizations.

Further, the two power dividers in the power divider feeding network 7 are referred to as a first power divider 71 and a second power divider 72, respectively, and two output ends of the first power divider 71 are referred to as The first output terminal 701 and the second output terminal 705, and the two output terminals of the second power divider 72 are referred to as a third output terminal 702 and a fourth output terminal 706, respectively. The specific distribution is that the first output terminal 701, the second output terminal 705, the third output terminal 702, and the fourth output terminal 706 are arranged in a clockwise order along four in a rectangular area. And the first output terminal 701 and the third output terminal 702 form a first connection, the second output terminal 705 and the fourth output terminal 706 form a second connection, and the angle between the first connection and the second connection is 90 degrees .

In the power division feeding network 7, the amplitude difference between the input end and the two output ends of the same group is less than 0.5 dB, and the phase difference is between 160 and 200 degrees. The details are as follows: the width of the first power branch 707 and the second power branch 708 of the first power divider 71 are the same, so as to ensure the amplitude of the first input terminal 703 to the first output terminal 701 and the second output terminal 703. The difference is less than 0.5dB. The length of the power branch sections of the second output terminal 705 to the first input terminal 703 of the first power divider 71 is longer than the length of the power branch sections of the first output terminal 701 to the first input terminal 703. The specific second power branch The branch 708 is longer than the first branch 707. The difference in line length between the second power branch 708 and the first power branch 707 is a quarter of the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency, that is, the phase difference between the first input 703 to the first output 701 and the second output 705, respectively. Relative to the center frequency is about 180 degrees, relative to the edge frequency is maintained between 160-200 degrees. The longer branches can be bent according to the layout needs. The second power divider 72 is set using the same principle. The two groups of power dividers feed the patch by equal amplitude and reverse phase methods to eliminate high-order modes in the patch, effectively suppress mutual interference in the unit, and improve isolation and cross polarization characteristics.

Further, the substrate 1 is provided with a solder layer 2 and a first pad 3 on a surface close to the supporting medium, and the solder layer 2 and the first pad 3 are isolated and provided with insulation;

A first metal ground and a second pad are provided on a surface of the supporting medium near the substrate 1, and the first metal ground and the second pad are overlapped and soldered with the solder layer 2 and the first pad 3, respectively.

In the embodiment, the first pad 3 and the solder layer 2 overlapping the first supporting medium 5a and the substrate 1 with the first metal ground and the second pad are respectively welded with the SMT process to achieve the purpose of fixing the supporting medium. . Compared with the traditional manual installation method of symmetrical oscillators, this structure has high process consistency, good stability, and production efficiency and reliability have been significantly improved.

Further, in this embodiment, the conductive feed post 4 is conductive by using a metalized via in the medium. It is divided into two parts, the lower part is located inside the substrate 1, the lower end of the metalized via is in direct contact with the output end of the feeding network; the upper part is located inside the first support medium 5a and the second support medium 5b, and the upper end In contact with radiation patches. The metalized vias are in contact with the first pad 3 and the second pad, respectively, so as to achieve complete feed-through.

It should be noted that the substrate 1 is further provided with a second metal ground on the side far from the supporting medium. In the embodiment, the power division feeding network 7 cooperates with the second metal ground to form a GCPW feeding network structure, which is more commonly used. Microstrip line, GCPW transmission line has the advantages of small energy leakage, low loss and high isolation, which can reduce the interference on the radiation performance of the unit, further improve the isolation, and improve the characteristics of the pattern.

Further, in order to meet the flexibility of use, the power division feeding network 7 may be modified according to different needs. The power division feeding network 7 includes a microstrip line, a coplanar waveguide, or other forms of transmission lines. The power division feeding network 7 described in this embodiment uses a transmission line in the form of GCPW; in other embodiments, another transmission line is used in the form of a microstrip line, a strip line, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the 3400-3600 MHz frequency band required by the current 5G, the standing waves of the two polarized ports of the antenna unit of the present invention are less than 1.30. The solid line and the dotted line in the figure represent one polarized port, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the 3400-3600 MHz frequency band required by the current 5G, the isolation degree of the antenna unit of the present invention is greater than 32 dB.

As shown in FIG. 7, the radiation pattern of the antenna unit of the present invention has an axial cross polarization greater than 35 dB.

It can be known from the above that the present invention can greatly reduce the size and height of the unit by rationally setting the dielectric constants and heights of the support media in each layer, achieving miniaturization and low profile, effectively reducing the mutual coupling between the units in the array and improving Isolation, change the radiation pattern wave width, gain, cross polarization and other characteristics.

According to the present invention, the radiating unit realizes reverse feeding through a power division network, and by appropriately setting the positions of the output end of the power division network and the feeding column, high-order modes in the patch can be eliminated, and mutual interference in the unit can be obtained. Effectively suppress and improve isolation and cross polarization and symmetry of the pattern.

The power division feeding network and the radiating unit of the present invention are integrally formed by an SMT welding process, and have high integration, good consistency, and high reliability.

The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. Within range.

Claims

A low-profile, miniaturized, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit includes a substrate (1), and one surface of the substrate (1) is provided with at least one layer of supporting medium, which is characterized in that: Sub-feeder network (7), the base plate (1) is provided with a power-sub-feeder network (7) on a side far from the supporting medium;

Radiation patches are provided on the surface of each layer of the supporting medium away from the substrate (1);

It also includes a conductive feed post (4), which is used to penetrate the substrate (1) and the support medium, respectively, and connect the radiation patch and the feed network.
The low-profile, miniaturized, and highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the height of the supporting medium is 0.002-0.1 working wavelengths.
The low-profile, miniaturized, and highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric constant of the supporting medium is 1.0-16.0.
The low-profile, miniaturized, highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the power-division feeding network (7) includes two sets of power dividers maintaining a certain distance, and Two groups are connected to the input end of the power divider, and the two ends of the power divider are respectively connected to the output end;

After the output ends of the power splitter ends of the same group in the power division feeding network (7) are connected, the angle between the two connections of the output ends of different groups is 90 degrees.
The low-profile, miniaturized, and highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: the input end to the two output ends of the same group in the power division feeding network (7) The amplitude difference is less than 0.5dB, and the phase difference is 160-200 degrees.
The power division feeding network according to claim 4, characterized in that the power division feeding network (7) comprises a microstrip line, a coplanar waveguide or other forms of transmission lines.
The low-profile, miniaturized, highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the substrate (1) is provided with a solder layer (2) and a first layer on a surface close to the supporting medium. A pad (3), wherein the solder layer (2) and the first pad (3) are provided with isolated insulation;

A first metal ground and a second pad are provided on a surface of the supporting medium near the substrate (1), and the first metal ground and the second pad are overlapped with the solder layer (2) and the first pad (3), respectively, and are soldered on together.
The low-profile, miniaturized, highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the radiation patch is vertically projected onto the substrate (1), and the projection area covers the power division. And output.
The low-profile, miniaturized, and highly-isolated dual-polarized patch antenna unit according to claim 8, wherein the shape of the radiation patch includes a polygon or a circle.