WO2019237656A1 - 一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019237656A1
WO2019237656A1 PCT/CN2018/116285 CN2018116285W WO2019237656A1 WO 2019237656 A1 WO2019237656 A1 WO 2019237656A1 CN 2018116285 W CN2018116285 W CN 2018116285W WO 2019237656 A1 WO2019237656 A1 WO 2019237656A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
parts
waste
fertilizer
growth
weight
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/116285
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周厚成
何洁东
Original Assignee
四川新绿色药业科技发展有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 四川新绿色药业科技发展有限公司 filed Critical 四川新绿色药业科技发展有限公司
Publication of WO2019237656A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019237656A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth and a preparation method thereof.
  • the present invention provides a special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth and a preparation method thereof.
  • the fertilizer can effectively improve the yield and quality of medicinal plants, especially chuanxiong and Coptis chinensis.
  • a special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth including the following parts by weight of raw materials: 35-45 parts of fresh ground manure, 20-35 parts of dry ground manure, 5-10 parts of attapulgite powder, 20-30 parts of fly manure, 3-8 parts of loofah, 5-10 parts of alcohol waste tincture, 10-18 parts of bagasse, 1-3 parts of grape seeds, 15-25 parts of dry tobacco waste powder, 2-5 parts of egg shells, 10 urban sludge -20 parts, Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material 15-25 parts, wood vinegar solution 5-12 parts, wormwood leaves 2-5 parts, compound fungus agent 3-6 parts and biomass charcoal 3-6 parts.
  • a special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth includes the following raw materials by weight: 38-42 parts of fresh ground dung, 25-30 parts of dry ground dung, 6-8 parts of attapulgite powder, and fly dung 22- 28 portions, 5-8 portions of loofah, 6-8 portions of alcohol waste liquid, 12-16 portions of bagasse, 2-3 portions of grape seeds, 20-25 portions of dried tobacco powder, 3-5 portions of egg shells, city 13-17 parts of sludge, 16-20 parts of Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material, 5-10 parts of wood vinegar solution, 2-4 parts of wormwood leaves, 4-6 parts of compound fungus and 3-5 parts of biomass charcoal.
  • a special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth includes the following raw materials by weight: 40 parts of fresh ground manure, 25 parts of dry ground manure, 8 parts of attapulgite powder, 25 parts of fly manure, 6 parts of loofah, 8 parts of alcohol waste, 15 parts of bagasse, 2 parts of grape seeds, 20 parts of dry tobacco powder, 4 parts of egg shells, 16 parts of urban sludge, 18 parts of Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus, 8 parts of wood vinegar, 3 parts of wormwood leaves, 5 parts of compound bacteria and 4 parts of biomass charcoal.
  • the alcohol waste liquor is waste liquor produced by cassava fermentation alcohol.
  • the urban sludge is sludge obtained after dehydration of a sewage treatment plant, and the organic matter content thereof is greater than 45%, and the water content is 65% -75%.
  • the compound fungus agent includes the following components by weight: 1-3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1-3 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 1-2 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum, 2-5 parts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and 1-3 parts of Streptomyces
  • the number of active bacteria was more than 1.0 ⁇ 10 9 cfu / g, 0.5-1.5 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.5-1.5 parts of brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and 1-2 parts of black mold.
  • the compound fungus agent includes the following parts by weight: 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of Lactobacillus plantarum, 5 parts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 parts of Streptomyces, 0.5 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, brown nitrogen fixation 1 serving of bacteria and 1 serving of black mold.
  • the method for preparing the special fertilizer for growing medicinal plants includes the following steps:
  • step (3) Add the product obtained in step (1) to the product obtained in step (2), and then add fresh ground manure, fly dung, alcohol waste liquid, tobacco waste dry powder, remaining Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material and remaining compound Bactericide, sealed fermentation, fermentation time is 15-20 days, from the 3rd day of fermentation, stir once a day for 0.5-1h each time;
  • step (3) Crush the egg shell, add the product obtained in step (3), and then add the remaining material, stir and mix, and leave it for 3-5 days;
  • step (4) The product obtained in step (4) is dried and pulverized to obtain a fertilizer special for medicinal plant growth.
  • step (2) the fermentation is sealed for 5 days.
  • step (3) Further, the fermentation is performed for 18 days in step (3).
  • Cellulase when combined with heavy metal elements in urban sludge, can effectively increase the activity of these enzymes, and further degrade the influential substances in the cultivation material of Pleurotus eryngii to convert them into small molecules that are easily absorbed. Conducive to the growth of medicinal plants; In addition, the waste fungus material of Pleurotus eryngii also contains a large number of hyphae. These hyphae can adsorb some pigments and harmful substances in urban sludge to prevent their production on medicinal plants. Harm.
  • Dilong manure is more conducive to fermentation with other substances. After the fermentation is completed, the remaining materials, including dry Dilong manure, are added, so that the medicinal plants can absorb part of the nutrients that are easily absorbed, and the remaining nutrients After being left for a certain period of time, it is absorbed again by medicinal plants, which makes the fertilizer play a long-term fertilizer effect.
  • Tobacco waste dry powder refers to field tobacco produced in the tobacco production process that cannot be used and digested by the tobacco industry, tobacco smoke and stems generated during tobacco processing, and non-class tobacco leaves that cannot form commercial tobacco leaves. Waiting for a range of products. Tobacco waste powder contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, protein, nicotine, and various trace elements. It can not only provide a large number of nutrients for the growth of medicinal plants, but also can prevent pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Underground pests, but after fermenting and decomposing, they can improve their fertilizer efficiency, but their insecticidal function will be reduced.
  • the wood vinegar solution contains phenolic ingredients, so it can inhibit the reproduction of miscellaneous bacteria, and has bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and insect-proofing effects; Artemisia lobata has the ability to evade many kinds of pests, and the pests do not have drug resistance; loofah can kill insects, prevent Viruses can also activate the soil.
  • the tobacco waste dry powder When the tobacco waste dry powder is combined with wood vinegar, wormwood leaves, and loofah, it can also cooperate with the purpose of preventing insects and pests on the basis of improving fertilizer efficiency.
  • Biomass charcoal refers to a highly aromatic, carbon-rich, porous solid particulate matter produced by pyrolysis of carbon-rich biomass under anaerobic or anoxic conditions. It contains a large amount of carbon And plant nutrients, with rich pore structure, larger specific surface area and more oxygen-containing active groups on the surface, it can not only improve the soil and increase fertility, but also has a better fixing effect on carbon and nitrogen, making it special Fertilizer has a certain slow-release effect, can prolong the effect of fertilizer, and is conducive to the growth of medicinal plants.
  • Grape seeds are rich in protein, amino acids, minerals, fats, carbohydrates, and dietary fiber. These ingredients have high nutritional value. When combined with other substances, they are used to prepare medicinal plants. When growing a special fertilizer, each substance can directly obtain a nutrient-rich, comprehensive and easy-to-absorb fertilizer through a specific preparation process. At the same time, the effect of the fertilizer is long, it can maintain the fertilizer effect for a long time, and it also has the function of preventing insects and insects, which can effectively improve Chuanxiong Yield and quality of Coptis chinensis.
  • a special fertilizer for the growth of medicinal plants including the following raw materials by weight: 35 parts of fresh ground manure, 20 parts of dry ground manure, 5 parts of attapulgite powder, 20 parts of fly dung, 3 parts of loofah, and alcohol waste 5 parts of liquid, 10 parts of bagasse, 1 part of grape seeds, 15 parts of dried tobacco powder, 2 parts of egg shells, 10 parts of urban sludge, 15 parts of Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material, 5 parts of wood vinegar solution, 2 parts of wormwood 3 parts of compound bacteria and 3 parts of biomass charcoal.
  • the above-mentioned alcohol waste liquor is waste liquor produced by fermentation of cassava alcohol;
  • urban sludge is sludge obtained after dehydration of a sewage treatment plant, the organic matter content of which is greater than 45%, and the water content is 65% -75%;
  • the number of active bacteria is greater than 1.0 ⁇ 10 9 cfu / g.
  • the method for preparing the special fertilizer for growing medicinal plants includes the following steps:
  • step (3) Add the product obtained in step (1) to the product obtained in step (2), and then add fresh ground manure, fly dung, alcohol waste liquid, tobacco waste dry powder, remaining Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material and remaining compound Bactericide, sealed fermentation, fermentation time is 15 days, from the third day of fermentation, stirring once a day for 0.5h each time;
  • step (3) Crush the egg shell, add the product obtained in step (3), and then add the remaining material, stir and mix, and leave it for 3 days;
  • step (4) The product obtained in step (4) is dried and pulverized to obtain a fertilizer special for medicinal plant growth.
  • a special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth including the following parts by weight of raw materials: 45 parts fresh ground manure, 35 parts dry ground manure, 10 parts attapulgite powder, 30 parts fly manure, 8 parts loofah, alcohol waste 10 parts of liquid, 18 parts of bagasse, 3 parts of grape seeds, 25 parts of dried tobacco waste powder, 5 parts of egg shells, 20 parts of urban sludge, 25 parts of Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material, 12 parts of wood vinegar solution, 5 parts of wormwood 6 parts of compound bacteria and 6 parts of biomass charcoal.
  • the above-mentioned alcohol waste liquor is waste liquor produced by fermentation of cassava alcohol;
  • urban sludge is sludge obtained after dehydration of a sewage treatment plant, the organic matter content of which is greater than 45%, and the water content is 65% -75%;
  • the number of active bacteria was greater than 1.0 ⁇ 10 9 cfu / g.
  • the method for preparing the special fertilizer for growing medicinal plants includes the following steps:
  • step (3) Add the product obtained in step (1) to the product obtained in step (2), and then add fresh ground manure, fly dung, alcohol waste liquid, tobacco waste dry powder, remaining Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material and remaining compound Bacterial agent, sealed fermentation, fermentation time is 20 days, from the 3rd day of fermentation, stir once a day for 1 hour each time;
  • step (3) Crush the egg shell, add the product obtained in step (3), and then add the remaining material, stir and mix, and leave it for 5 days;
  • step (4) The product obtained in step (4) is dried and pulverized to obtain a fertilizer special for medicinal plant growth.
  • a special fertilizer for the growth of medicinal plants comprising the following raw materials by weight: 38 parts fresh ground manure, 25 parts dry ground manure, 6 parts attapulgite powder, 22 parts fly dung, 5 parts loofah, alcohol waste 6 parts of liquid, 12 parts of bagasse, 2 parts of grape seeds, 20 parts of dried tobacco powder, 3 parts of egg shells, 13 parts of urban sludge, 16 parts of Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material, 5 parts of wood vinegar solution, 2 parts of wormwood 4 parts of compound bacteria and 3 parts of biomass charcoal.
  • the above-mentioned alcohol waste liquor is waste liquor produced by fermentation of cassava alcohol;
  • urban sludge is sludge obtained after dehydration of a sewage treatment plant, the organic matter content of which is greater than 45%, and the water content is 65% -75%;
  • the method for preparing the special fertilizer for growing medicinal plants includes the following steps:
  • step (3) Add the product obtained in step (1) to the product obtained in step (2), and then add fresh ground manure, fly dung, alcohol waste liquid, tobacco waste dry powder, remaining Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material and remaining compound Bactericide, sealed fermentation, fermentation time is 16 days, from the 3rd day of fermentation, stir once a day for 1 hour each time;
  • step (3) Crush the egg shell, add the product obtained in step (3), and then add the remaining material, stir and mix, and leave it for 5 days;
  • step (4) The product obtained in step (4) is dried and pulverized to obtain a fertilizer special for medicinal plant growth.
  • a special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth including the following raw materials by weight: 42 parts of fresh ground manure, 30 parts of dry ground manure, 8 parts of attapulgite powder, 28 parts of fly dung, 8 parts of loofah, and alcohol waste 8 parts of liquid, 16 parts of bagasse, 3 parts of grape seeds, 25 parts of dried tobacco powder, 5 parts of egg shells, 17 parts of urban sludge, 20 parts of Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material, 10 parts of wood vinegar solution, 4 parts of wormwood 6 parts of compound bacteria and 5 parts of biomass charcoal.
  • the above-mentioned alcohol waste liquor is waste liquor produced by fermentation of cassava alcohol;
  • urban sludge is sludge obtained after dehydration of a sewage treatment plant, the organic matter content of which is greater than 45%, and the water content is 65% -75%;
  • the method for preparing the special fertilizer for growing medicinal plants includes the following steps:
  • step (3) Add the product obtained in step (1) to the product obtained in step (2), and then add fresh ground manure, fly dung, alcohol waste liquid, tobacco waste dry powder, remaining Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material and remaining compound Bactericide, sealed fermentation, fermentation time is 16 days, from the 3rd day of fermentation, stir once a day for 1 hour each time;
  • step (3) Crush the egg shell, add the product obtained in step (3), and then add the remaining material, stir and mix, and leave it for 5 days;
  • step (4) The product obtained in step (4) is dried and pulverized to obtain a fertilizer special for medicinal plant growth.
  • a special fertilizer for medicinal plant growth including the following raw materials by weight: 40 parts of fresh ground manure, 25 parts of dry ground manure, 8 parts of attapulgite powder, 25 parts of fly manure, 6 parts of loofah, and alcohol waste 8 parts of liquid, 15 parts of bagasse, 2 parts of grape seed, 20 parts of dry powder of tobacco waste, 4 parts of egg shell, 16 parts of urban sludge, 18 parts of Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material, 8 parts of wood vinegar solution, 3 parts of wormwood 5 parts of compound bacteria and 4 parts of biomass charcoal.
  • the above-mentioned alcohol waste liquor is waste liquor produced by fermentation of cassava alcohol;
  • urban sludge is sludge obtained after dehydration of a sewage treatment plant, the organic matter content of which is greater than 45%, and the water content is 65% -75%;
  • the number of active bacteria is greater than 1.0 ⁇ 10 9 cfu / g.
  • the method for preparing the special fertilizer for growing medicinal plants includes the following steps:
  • step (3) Add the product obtained in step (1) to the product obtained in step (2), and then add fresh ground manure, fly dung, alcohol waste liquid, tobacco waste dry powder, remaining Pleurotus eryngii waste fungus material and remaining compound Bactericide, sealed fermentation, fermentation time is 18 days, from the 3rd day of fermentation, stir once a day for 1 hour each time;
  • step (3) Crush the egg shell, add the product obtained in step (3), and then add the remaining material, stir and mix, and leave it for 5 days;
  • step (4) The product obtained in step (4) is dried and pulverized to obtain a fertilizer special for medicinal plant growth.
  • the fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-5 were used for the cultivation of Ligusticum chuanxiong and Coptis chinensis respectively as a test example, and planted according to the conventional planting methods of Ligusticum chuanxiong and Coptis chinensis as a comparative example, that is, the difference between the experimental example and the comparative example It is only that the fertilizers used are different and the amount of fertilizer applied in the test examples is 70% of the comparative example. Then the fresh weight yield of Chuanxiong and Coptis chinensis and the pests and diseases during production are tested. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Abstract

一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法，该专用肥包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪35-45份、干地龙粪20-35份、凹凸棒粉5-10份、蝇蛆粪20-30份、丝瓜络3-8份、酒精废醪液5-10份、甘蔗渣10-18份、葡萄籽1-3份、烟草废弃物干粉15-25份、鸡蛋壳2-5份、城市污泥10-20份、杏鲍菇废菌料15-25份、木醋液5-12份、艾叶2-5份、复合菌剂3-6份和生物质炭3-6份。将该专用肥用于药用植物尤其是川芎和黄连的生长，可有效提高其产量和质量，同时还能减少有害病菌的发病率。

Description

一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于肥料技术领域，具体涉及一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法。
背景技术
在种植药用植物时，为了提高其产量，人们会过度施用化肥，这样会导致种植药用植物的土壤板结严重，影响药物植物的生长；此外有些药用植物如川芎和黄连，生长周期比较长，这就需要更多的养分来维持其生长，但常用的肥料营养供应不足，也无法有效抑制有害病菌，导致川芎和黄连产量低，质量差。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的上述不足，本发明提供了一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法，该肥料可有效提高药用植物尤其是川芎和黄连的产量和质量。
为实现上述目的，本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种药用植物生长专用肥，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪35-45份、干地龙粪20-35份、凹凸棒粉5-10份、蝇蛆粪20-30份、丝瓜络3-8份、酒精废醪液5-10份、甘蔗渣10-18份、葡萄籽1-3份、烟草废弃物干粉15-25份、鸡蛋壳2-5份、城市污泥10-20份、杏鲍菇废菌料15-25份、木醋液5-12份、艾叶2-5份、复合菌剂3-6份和生物质炭3-6份。
进一步地，一种药用植物生长专用肥，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪38-42份、干地龙粪25-30份、凹凸棒粉6-8份、蝇蛆粪22-28份、丝瓜络5-8份、酒精废醪液6-8份、甘蔗渣12-16份、葡萄籽2-3份、烟草废弃物干粉20-25份、鸡蛋壳3-5份、城市污泥13-17份、杏鲍菇废菌料16-20份、木醋液5-10份、艾叶2-4份、复合菌剂4-6份和生物质炭3-5份。
进一步地，一种药用植物生长专用肥，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪40份、干地龙粪25份、凹凸棒粉8份、蝇蛆粪25份、丝瓜络6份、酒精废醪液8份、甘蔗渣15份、葡萄籽2份、烟草废弃物干粉20份、鸡蛋壳4份、城市污泥16份、杏鲍菇废菌料18份、木醋液8份、艾叶3份、复合菌剂5份和生物质炭4份。
进一步地，酒精废醪液为木薯发酵酒精后产生的废醪液。
进一步地，城市污泥为污水处理厂经过脱水后得到的污泥，其有机质含量大于45％，含水量为65％-75％。
进一步地，复合菌剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌1-3份、地衣芽孢杆菌1-3份、植物乳杆菌1-2份、酿酒酵母2-5份、链霉菌1-3份、菌根真菌0.5-1.5份、棕色固氮菌0.5-1.5份和黑霉菌1-2份，其活性菌数大于1.0×10 9cfu/g。
进一步地，复合菌剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌2份、地衣芽孢杆菌2份、植物乳杆菌1份、酿酒酵母5份、链霉菌2份、菌根真菌0.5份、棕色固氮菌1份和黑霉菌1份。
上述药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)分别将甘蔗渣、艾叶干燥，粉碎，混合；
(2)将杏鲍菇废菌料粉碎，取1/2重量的杏鲍菇废菌料与城市污泥和1/2重量的复合菌剂混合，密封搅拌发酵3-5天；
(3)将步骤(1)所得物加入步骤(2)所得物中，再加入新鲜地龙粪、蝇蛆粪、酒精废醪液、烟草废弃物干粉、剩余杏鲍菇废菌料和剩余复合菌剂，进行密封发酵，发酵时间为15-20天，从发酵第3天起，每天搅拌1次，每次0.5-1h；
(4)将鸡蛋壳粉碎，加入步骤(3)所得物中，然后再加入剩余物质，搅拌混匀，放置3-5天；
(5)将步骤(4)所得物干燥，粉碎，制得药用植物生长专用肥。
进一步地，步骤(2)中密封发酵5天。
进一步地，步骤(3)中发酵18天。
本发明提供的药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法，具有以下有益效果：
(1)城市污泥中含有大量的氮、磷、钾等营养元素可以为药用植物的生长提供大量的营养物质，但城市污泥中也含有部分重金属元素如铜；杏鲍菇废菌料为采收完杏鲍菇后的栽培料，当城市污泥与杏鲍菇废菌料混合，在搅拌条件下进行发酵，通过复合菌剂将城市污泥和杏鲍菇废菌料中的大分子物质转化为利于药用植物尤其是川芎和黄连吸收的小分子物质，从而为其提供生长过程中所需的营养物质，促进其生长，同时杏鲍菇废菌料中含有大量的漆酶、纤维素酶等，当与城市污泥中的重金属元素结合，能有效提高这些酶的活性，进一步地对杏鲍菇栽培料中的影响物质进行降解，使其转化为易于吸收的小分子物质，利于药用植物生长；再者杏鲍菇废菌料中还含有大量菌丝，这些菌丝可以吸附城市污泥中的一些色素以及有害物质，防止其对药用植物生长产生危害。
(2)当城市污泥的初次发酵完成以后，再加入新鲜地龙粪、酒精废醪液、烟草废弃物干粉等再次进行发酵，新鲜地龙粪中含有大量的营养物质，与其他成分混合，各成分协同作用，经发酵后能得到营养丰富、全面且利于吸收的肥料。
加入新鲜地龙粪，更有利于与其他物质结合进行发酵，当发酵完成后，再加入剩余物质，包括干地龙粪，使得药用植物能先吸收一部分易于吸收的营养，而剩余的营养物质在放置了一定的时间后再次被药用植物吸收，使得肥料起到了长期肥效的作用。
(3)烟草废弃物干粉指的是在烟草生产环节中产生的不能被烟草行业所利 用和消化的田间烟杆、烟草加工中产生的烟末和烟梗以及无法形成商品烟叶的不列级烟叶等一系列产品。烟草废弃物干粉中含有氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、蛋白质、烟碱以及多种微量元素等物质，不仅可以为药用植物的生长提供大量的营养物质，还可以防治病原真菌、细菌等地下害虫，但将其发酵腐熟后，虽然能提高其肥效，但杀虫功能会降低。
木醋液含酚类成分，因此能抑制杂菌的繁殖，具有抑菌，杀菌，防虫的功效；艾叶对多种害虫具有趋避能力，而且害虫不会产生抗药性；丝瓜络能杀虫，防病毒，还能活化土壤。
当烟草废弃物干粉与木醋液、艾叶以及丝瓜络结合，在提高肥效的基础上还可协同起到防虫杀虫的目的。
(4)生物质炭是指由富含炭的生物质在无氧或缺氧条件下经过高温裂解生成的一种具有高度芳香化、富含碳素的多孔固体颗粒物质，它含有大量的碳和植物营养物质，具有丰富的孔隙结构，较大的比表面积且表面含有较多的含氧活性基团，它不仅可以改善土壤，增加肥力，而且对碳氮具有较好的固定作用，使得专用肥具有一定的缓释作用，能延长肥料的作用，利于药用植物生长。
(5)葡萄籽，含有丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸、矿物质、脂肪、碳水化合物和膳食纤维等多种营养成分，这些成分均具有较高的营养价值，当其与其他物质结合，制备药用植物生长专用肥时，各物质直接经过特定的制备过程可得到营养丰富、全面且易于吸收的肥料，同时肥料的作用持续时间长，能长时间保持肥效，还具有防虫杀虫作用，可有效提高川芎和黄连的产量和质量。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种药用植物生长专用肥，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪35份、干 地龙粪20份、凹凸棒粉5份、蝇蛆粪20份、丝瓜络3份、酒精废醪液5份、甘蔗渣10份、葡萄籽1份、烟草废弃物干粉15份、鸡蛋壳2份、城市污泥10份、杏鲍菇废菌料15份、木醋液5份、艾叶2份、复合菌剂3份和生物质炭3份。
上述酒精废醪液为木薯发酵酒精后产生的废醪液；城市污泥为污水处理厂经过脱水后得到的污泥，其有机质含量大于45％，含水量为65％-75％；复合菌剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌1份、地衣芽孢杆菌1份、植物乳杆菌1份、酿酒酵母2份、链霉菌1份、菌根真菌0.5份、棕色固氮菌0.5份和黑霉菌1份，其活性菌数大于1.0×10 9cfu/g。
上述药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)分别将甘蔗渣、艾叶干燥，粉碎，混合；
(2)将杏鲍菇废菌料粉碎，取1/2重量的杏鲍菇废菌料与城市污泥和1/2重量的复合菌剂混合，密封搅拌发酵3天；
(3)将步骤(1)所得物加入步骤(2)所得物中，再加入新鲜地龙粪、蝇蛆粪、酒精废醪液、烟草废弃物干粉、剩余杏鲍菇废菌料和剩余复合菌剂，进行密封发酵，发酵时间为15天，从发酵第3天起，每天搅拌1次，每次0.5h；
(4)将鸡蛋壳粉碎，加入步骤(3)所得物中，然后再加入剩余物质，搅拌混匀，放置3天；
(5)将步骤(4)所得物干燥，粉碎，制得药用植物生长专用肥。
实施例2
一种药用植物生长专用肥，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪45份、干地龙粪35份、凹凸棒粉10份、蝇蛆粪30份、丝瓜络8份、酒精废醪液10份、甘蔗渣18份、葡萄籽3份、烟草废弃物干粉25份、鸡蛋壳5份、城市污泥20 份、杏鲍菇废菌料25份、木醋液12份、艾叶5份、复合菌剂6份和生物质炭6份。
上述酒精废醪液为木薯发酵酒精后产生的废醪液；城市污泥为污水处理厂经过脱水后得到的污泥，其有机质含量大于45％，含水量为65％-75％；复合菌剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌3份、地衣芽孢杆菌3份、植物乳杆菌2份、酿酒酵母5份、链霉菌3份、菌根真菌1.5份、棕色固氮菌1.5份和黑霉菌2份，其活性菌数大于1.0×10 9cfu/g。
上述药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)分别将甘蔗渣、艾叶干燥，粉碎，混合；
(2)将杏鲍菇废菌料粉碎，取1/2重量的杏鲍菇废菌料与城市污泥和1/2重量的复合菌剂混合，密封搅拌发酵5天；
(3)将步骤(1)所得物加入步骤(2)所得物中，再加入新鲜地龙粪、蝇蛆粪、酒精废醪液、烟草废弃物干粉、剩余杏鲍菇废菌料和剩余复合菌剂，进行密封发酵，发酵时间为20天，从发酵第3天起，每天搅拌1次，每次1h；
(4)将鸡蛋壳粉碎，加入步骤(3)所得物中，然后再加入剩余物质，搅拌混匀，放置5天；
(5)将步骤(4)所得物干燥，粉碎，制得药用植物生长专用肥。
实施例3
一种药用植物生长专用肥，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪38份、干地龙粪25份、凹凸棒粉6份、蝇蛆粪22份、丝瓜络5份、酒精废醪液6份、甘蔗渣12份、葡萄籽2份、烟草废弃物干粉20份、鸡蛋壳3份、城市污泥13份、杏鲍菇废菌料16份、木醋液5份、艾叶2份、复合菌剂4份和生物质炭3份。
上述酒精废醪液为木薯发酵酒精后产生的废醪液；城市污泥为污水处理厂经过脱水后得到的污泥，其有机质含量大于45％，含水量为65％-75％；复合菌剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌2份、地衣芽孢杆菌2份、植物乳杆菌2份、酿酒酵母3份、链霉菌2份、菌根真菌0.8份、棕色固氮菌0.8份和黑霉菌1.5份，其活性菌数大于1.0×10 9cfu/g。
上述药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)分别将甘蔗渣、艾叶干燥，粉碎，混合；
(2)将杏鲍菇废菌料粉碎，取1/2重量的杏鲍菇废菌料与城市污泥和1/2重量的复合菌剂混合，密封搅拌发酵5天；
(3)将步骤(1)所得物加入步骤(2)所得物中，再加入新鲜地龙粪、蝇蛆粪、酒精废醪液、烟草废弃物干粉、剩余杏鲍菇废菌料和剩余复合菌剂，进行密封发酵，发酵时间为16天，从发酵第3天起，每天搅拌1次，每次1h；
(4)将鸡蛋壳粉碎，加入步骤(3)所得物中，然后再加入剩余物质，搅拌混匀，放置5天；
(5)将步骤(4)所得物干燥，粉碎，制得药用植物生长专用肥。
实施例4
一种药用植物生长专用肥，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪42份、干地龙粪30份、凹凸棒粉8份、蝇蛆粪28份、丝瓜络8份、酒精废醪液8份、甘蔗渣16份、葡萄籽3份、烟草废弃物干粉25份、鸡蛋壳5份、城市污泥17份、杏鲍菇废菌料20份、木醋液10份、艾叶4份、复合菌剂6份和生物质炭5份。
上述酒精废醪液为木薯发酵酒精后产生的废醪液；城市污泥为污水处理厂经过脱水后得到的污泥，其有机质含量大于45％，含水量为65％-75％；复合菌 剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌2份、地衣芽孢杆菌2份、植物乳杆菌2份、酿酒酵母3份、链霉菌2份、菌根真菌0.8份、棕色固氮菌0.8份和黑霉菌1.5份，其活性菌数大于1.0×10 9cfu/g。
上述药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)分别将甘蔗渣、艾叶干燥，粉碎，混合；
(2)将杏鲍菇废菌料粉碎，取1/2重量的杏鲍菇废菌料与城市污泥和1/2重量的复合菌剂混合，密封搅拌发酵5天；
(3)将步骤(1)所得物加入步骤(2)所得物中，再加入新鲜地龙粪、蝇蛆粪、酒精废醪液、烟草废弃物干粉、剩余杏鲍菇废菌料和剩余复合菌剂，进行密封发酵，发酵时间为16天，从发酵第3天起，每天搅拌1次，每次1h；
(4)将鸡蛋壳粉碎，加入步骤(3)所得物中，然后再加入剩余物质，搅拌混匀，放置5天；
(5)将步骤(4)所得物干燥，粉碎，制得药用植物生长专用肥。
实施例5
一种药用植物生长专用肥，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪40份、干地龙粪25份、凹凸棒粉8份、蝇蛆粪25份、丝瓜络6份、酒精废醪液8份、甘蔗渣15份、葡萄籽2份、烟草废弃物干粉20份、鸡蛋壳4份、城市污泥16份、杏鲍菇废菌料18份、木醋液8份、艾叶3份、复合菌剂5份和生物质炭4份。
上述酒精废醪液为木薯发酵酒精后产生的废醪液；城市污泥为污水处理厂经过脱水后得到的污泥，其有机质含量大于45％，含水量为65％-75％；复合菌剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌2份、地衣芽孢杆菌2份、植物乳杆菌1份、酿酒酵母5份、链霉菌2份、菌根真菌0.5份、棕色固氮菌1份和黑霉 菌1份，其活性菌数大于1.0×10 9cfu/g。
上述药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)分别将甘蔗渣、艾叶干燥，粉碎，混合；
(2)将杏鲍菇废菌料粉碎，取1/2重量的杏鲍菇废菌料与城市污泥和1/2重量的复合菌剂混合，密封搅拌发酵5天；
(3)将步骤(1)所得物加入步骤(2)所得物中，再加入新鲜地龙粪、蝇蛆粪、酒精废醪液、烟草废弃物干粉、剩余杏鲍菇废菌料和剩余复合菌剂，进行密封发酵，发酵时间为18天，从发酵第3天起，每天搅拌1次，每次1h；
(4)将鸡蛋壳粉碎，加入步骤(3)所得物中，然后再加入剩余物质，搅拌混匀，放置5天；
(5)将步骤(4)所得物干燥，粉碎，制得药用植物生长专用肥。
将实施例1-5制得的肥料分别用于川芎和黄连的种植，将其作为试验例，同时根据常规的川芎和黄连的种植方法进行种植作为对比例，即试验例与对比例不同之处仅在于所用肥料不同且试验例中施肥量为对比例中的70％，然后对川芎和黄连的鲜重产量以及生产过程中病虫害进行检测，其结果如表1和表2。
表1试验例和对比例中川芎和黄连的产量(平均亩产/kg)
  实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 对比例
川芎 380 389 395 390 410 300
黄连 410 420 425 435 450 350
表2试验例和对比例中川芎和黄连的病虫害
Figure PCTCN2018116285-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018116285-appb-000002
由表1和表2可知，本发明制得的专用肥可有效提高川芎和黄连的质量和病虫害的防治，并观察收获的川芎和黄连，试验例中的川芎和黄连比对比例相比，其大小均匀，质量明显由于对比例。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种药用植物生长专用肥，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪35-45份、干地龙粪20-35份、凹凸棒粉5-10份、蝇蛆粪20-30份、丝瓜络3-8份、酒精废醪液5-10份、甘蔗渣10-18份、葡萄籽1-3份、烟草废弃物干粉15-25份、鸡蛋壳2-5份、城市污泥10-20份、杏鲍菇废菌料15-25份、木醋液5-12份、艾叶2-5份、复合菌剂3-6份和生物质炭3-6份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的药用植物生长专用肥，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪38-42份、干地龙粪25-30份、凹凸棒粉6-8份、蝇蛆粪22-28份、丝瓜络5-8份、酒精废醪液6-8份、甘蔗渣12-16份、葡萄籽2-3份、烟草废弃物干粉20-25份、鸡蛋壳3-5份、城市污泥13-17份、杏鲍菇废菌料16-20份、木醋液5-10份、艾叶2-4份、复合菌剂4-6份和生物质炭3-5份。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的药用植物生长专用肥，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料：新鲜地龙粪40份、干地龙粪25份、凹凸棒粉8份、蝇蛆粪25份、丝瓜络6份、酒精废醪液8份、甘蔗渣15份、葡萄籽2份、烟草废弃物干粉20份、鸡蛋壳4份、城市污泥16份、杏鲍菇废菌料18份、木醋液8份、艾叶3份、复合菌剂5份和生物质炭4份。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的药用植物生长专用肥，其特征在于，酒精废醪液为木薯发酵酒精后产生的废醪液。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的药用植物生长专用肥，其特征在于，城市污泥为污水处理厂经过脱水后得到的污泥，其有机质含量大于45％，含水量为65％-75％。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的药用植物生长专用肥，其特征在于，复合菌剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌1-3份、地衣芽孢杆菌1-3份、植物乳杆菌1-2份、酿酒酵母2-5份、链霉菌1-3份、菌根真菌0.5-1.5份、棕色固 氮菌0.5-1.5份和黑霉菌1-2份，其活性菌数大于1.0×10 9cfu/g。
  7. 根据权利要求6任一项所述的药用植物生长专用肥，其特征在于，复合菌剂包括以下重量份的组分：枯草芽孢杆菌2份、地衣芽孢杆菌2份、植物乳杆菌1份、酿酒酵母5份、链霉菌2份、菌根真菌0.5份、棕色固氮菌1份和黑霉菌1份。
  8. 权利要求1-7任一项所述的药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)分别将甘蔗渣、艾叶干燥，粉碎，混合；
    (2)将杏鲍菇废菌料粉碎，取1/2重量的杏鲍菇废菌料与城市污泥和1/2重量的复合菌剂混合，密封搅拌发酵3-5天；
    (3)将步骤(1)所得物加入步骤(2)所得物中，再加入新鲜地龙粪、蝇蛆粪、酒精废醪液、烟草废弃物干粉、剩余杏鲍菇废菌料和剩余复合菌剂，进行密封发酵，发酵时间为15-20天，从发酵第3天起，每天搅拌1次，每次0.5-1h；
    (4)将鸡蛋壳粉碎，加入步骤(3)所得物中，然后再加入剩余物质，搅拌混匀，放置3-5天；
    (5)将步骤(4)所得物干燥，粉碎，制得药用植物生长专用肥。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中密封发酵5天。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的药用植物生长专用肥的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中发酵18天。
PCT/CN2018/116285 2018-06-14 2018-11-19 一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法 WO2019237656A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810610609.9A CN108409381A (zh) 2018-06-14 2018-06-14 一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法
CN201810610609.9 2018-06-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019237656A1 true WO2019237656A1 (zh) 2019-12-19

Family

ID=63141671

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/116285 WO2019237656A1 (zh) 2018-06-14 2018-11-19 一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108409381A (zh)
WO (1) WO2019237656A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111943778A (zh) * 2020-08-20 2020-11-17 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 一种有机农业酸性土壤钾调理剂

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108409381A (zh) * 2018-06-14 2018-08-17 四川新绿色药业科技发展有限公司 一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法
CN110066206A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-07-30 晋中学院 一种药用植物生长用肥及其制备方法
CN114702351A (zh) * 2022-04-18 2022-07-05 香港科技大学 一种改性生物炭及其制备方法与应用

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102910941A (zh) * 2012-09-20 2013-02-06 宁国市奕盛力农业科技发展有限公司 一种利用山核桃蒲制备生物有机肥的方法
CN104326786A (zh) * 2014-11-14 2015-02-04 王以胜 一种果树肥料及其制备方法
CN107805151A (zh) * 2017-12-14 2018-03-16 徐州沐阳生物科技发展有限公司 一种有机肥料
CN108409381A (zh) * 2018-06-14 2018-08-17 四川新绿色药业科技发展有限公司 一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102910941A (zh) * 2012-09-20 2013-02-06 宁国市奕盛力农业科技发展有限公司 一种利用山核桃蒲制备生物有机肥的方法
CN104326786A (zh) * 2014-11-14 2015-02-04 王以胜 一种果树肥料及其制备方法
CN107805151A (zh) * 2017-12-14 2018-03-16 徐州沐阳生物科技发展有限公司 一种有机肥料
CN108409381A (zh) * 2018-06-14 2018-08-17 四川新绿色药业科技发展有限公司 一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111943778A (zh) * 2020-08-20 2020-11-17 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 一种有机农业酸性土壤钾调理剂
CN111943778B (zh) * 2020-08-20 2022-03-25 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 一种有机农业酸性土壤钾调理剂

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108409381A (zh) 2018-08-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103113167B (zh) 一种复合型微生物有机肥及其制备方法
CN100387551C (zh) 一种以陈旧生活垃圾为原料生产活性营养肥的方法
CN103351187B (zh) 用烟草下脚料制造肥药双效有机肥的方法
CN102491802A (zh) 茶粕生物有机肥及其生产方法
CN105218254A (zh) 一种微生物生态有机肥料及其制备方法
WO2019237656A1 (zh) 一种药用植物生长专用肥及其制备方法
CN106613488A (zh) 一种育苗营养钵及其制备方法
CN106631546A (zh) 一种生物有机肥及其制备方法
CN105948846A (zh) 一种盆栽花卉专用有机肥料
CN108863658A (zh) 一种生物炭基有机肥及制备方法
CN105886442A (zh) 一种有机肥发酵菌剂及应用
CN110256145A (zh) 一种烟草有机肥及其制备方法
CN104312947A (zh) 一种多菌种配合的高效秸秆腐熟剂、制备方法及其应用
CN109180236A (zh) 一种好氧发酵处理鸡粪的新工艺
CN109020727B (zh) 一种预防芦笋茎枯病的生物有机肥料及其制备方法
CN112522140A (zh) 一种用于处理厨余麦秸的微生物复合菌剂及其制备方法
CN104230418B (zh) 一种利用牛粪发酵制备有机肥的方法
CN109835881A (zh) 一种改性生物炭、生物炭基有机肥及其制备方法及其应用
CN108633625A (zh) 以杏鲍菇菌糠为主要原料制备双孢菇栽培基的方法
CN109134008A (zh) 一种利用微生物分解猪粪制备有机肥的方法
CN103351188B (zh) 以纯秸秆为原料的农用有机肥的制备方法
CN105237280A (zh) 一种微生物问题土壤生态修复制剂及其制备方法和应用
CN111484368A (zh) 一种微生物肥料固体发酵生产方法及固体复合微生物肥料
CN116874316A (zh) 利用黑水虻及微生物协同高值转化农业废弃物的方法
CN111892453A (zh) 一种炭基生物酶肥及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18922148

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18922148

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1