WO2019237296A1 - Solar heat pump combined heating system and control method therefor - Google Patents

Solar heat pump combined heating system and control method therefor Download PDF

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WO2019237296A1
WO2019237296A1 PCT/CN2018/091159 CN2018091159W WO2019237296A1 WO 2019237296 A1 WO2019237296 A1 WO 2019237296A1 CN 2018091159 W CN2018091159 W CN 2018091159W WO 2019237296 A1 WO2019237296 A1 WO 2019237296A1
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heat pump
heat exchanger
air
water
solar
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PCT/CN2018/091159
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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肖洪海
苏树强
石红波
罗权权
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江苏蓄能谷实业有限公司
上海筑能环境科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/091159 priority Critical patent/WO2019237296A1/en
Publication of WO2019237296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019237296A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/10—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using latent heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of heating technology and energy storage, in particular to a solar heat pump combined heating system and a method for controlling a solar heat pump combined heating system.
  • China is one of the countries with abundant solar energy resources.
  • the area of more than two-thirds of the country has an annual sunshine hours of more than 2000h.
  • the annual solar radiation heat received on land is equivalent to the heat released by burning 2.4 trillion tons of standard coal.
  • solar heating systems use solar energy as the heat source of the heating system, use solar collectors to convert solar energy into heat, and provide buildings with winter heating and year-round domestic hot water; Germany is an earlier country applying solar heating technology.
  • the technology has been widely used in the renovation of heating facilities and supporting construction in residential areas in Germany; Yuan Lei and others designed solar-based and heat-pump-assisted heating systems. The results show that this method can improve the heat pump unit COP and system operating efficiency.
  • the invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a solar heat pump combined heating system and a control method of the solar heat pump combined heating system.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a solar heat pump combined heating system, including an air-type solar heat collector, an air-water heat exchanger, a heat pump unit, an electric heater, and a fan coil;
  • the air-to-water heat exchanger is connected to an air outlet of the air solar collector
  • the heat pump unit is connected to the gas-water heat exchanger, and the heat pump unit is used when the actual temperature in the air solar collector is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature value. , Auxiliary heating;
  • the electric heater is respectively connected to the heat pump unit and the fan coil, and the electric heater is used for auxiliary heating when the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger is lower than the second preset temperature value. .
  • the air-type solar heat collector includes a vacuum tube and a phase-change energy storage core disposed in the vacuum tube.
  • the heat pump unit includes an evaporative heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, a condensing heat exchanger, and a compressor;
  • the inlet of the evaporative heat exchanger is connected to the condensing heat exchanger via the electronic expansion valve, the outlet of the evaporative heat exchanger is connected to the compressor, and the outlet of the condensing heat exchanger is via an electric tee
  • the valves are respectively connected to the gas-water heat exchanger and the electric heater.
  • the evaporation heat exchanger and the gas-water heat exchanger are located in the same box, and both the evaporation heat exchanger and the gas-water heat exchanger use solar energy to radiate heat.
  • a thermal insulation material is provided outside the box.
  • the electric heater includes a heating body and an energy storage material disposed in the heating body.
  • it further includes an expansion water tank and a circulating water pump;
  • the expansion water tank and the circulating water pump are both connected to a return pipe of the fan coil.
  • it further includes a temperature sensor and a control unit;
  • the temperature sensor is configured to separately detect an actual temperature in the air-type solar heat collector and an actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger and send them to the control unit;
  • the control unit is configured to receive the actual temperature and control the working state of the heat pump unit according to the actual temperature, and,
  • It is used to receive the actual water temperature and control the working state of the electric heater according to it.
  • control unit includes a PLC.
  • the solar heat pump combined heating system includes the solar heat pump combined heating system described above; the control method includes:
  • the solar heat pump combined heating system and control method of the invention includes not only air-type solar heat collectors, but also heat pump units and electric heaters.
  • the provided heat pump units and the electric heaters can be used for auxiliary heating, which can accelerate the conversion efficiency of air to hot water supply and improve
  • the utilization rate of solar heat can also effectively ensure that the output water temperature meets user needs and improves user experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar heat pump combined heating system according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a solar heat pump combined heating system in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a first aspect of the present invention relates to a solar heat pump combined heating system, which includes an air-type solar collector 1, an air-water heat exchanger 5, a heat pump unit, an electric heater 10, and a fan coil 13.
  • the air-water heat exchanger 5 is connected to an air outlet of the air-type solar heat collector 1.
  • the heat pump unit is connected to the gas-water heat exchanger 5, and the actual temperature of the heat pump unit in the air solar collector 1 is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature. Value, auxiliary heating.
  • the electric heater 10 is connected to the heat pump unit and the fan coil 13 respectively.
  • the electric heater 10 is used for the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 to be lower than the second preset temperature. Value, auxiliary heating.
  • the air-type solar heat collector 1 is first used to collect solar energy and heat the air located in the air-type solar heat collector 1.
  • the air enters the air-water heat exchanger 5 and heats the water supply in the air-water heat exchanger 5. That is, in the gas-water heat exchanger 5, the water supply and the air are heat-exchanged.
  • the sunshine is sufficient, the water supply can be sent directly to the user terminal.
  • insufficient sunlight for example, rainy or snowy weather, it may be impossible to use only the air-type solar heat collector 1 to heat the water supply temperature to meet the needs of users.
  • the heat pump unit for auxiliary heating, so that the water supply can meet the needs of users.
  • the temperature of the water supply heated by the air solar collector 1 is extremely low, for example, lower than the set second preset temperature value, at this time, if the heat pump unit is used for heating, the The burden causes the life of the heat pump unit to decrease sharply.
  • the electric heater 10 provided can be used for auxiliary heating, so that the water supply can quickly reach the water supply temperature required by the user.
  • first preset temperature value may be 70 ° C
  • second preset temperature value may be 10 °C.
  • those skilled in the art may determine specific values of the first preset temperature value and the second preset temperature value according to actual needs.
  • the solar heat pump combined heating system structured in this embodiment includes not only an air-type solar heat collector, but also a heat pump unit and an electric heater.
  • the provided heat pump unit and the electric heater can be used for auxiliary heating, so that the Speed up the conversion efficiency of air to hot water supply, improve the utilization rate of solar heat, and at the same time, it can effectively ensure that the output water temperature meets user needs and improves user experience.
  • the air-type solar heat collector 1 includes a vacuum tube and a phase-change energy storage core 2 disposed in the vacuum tube.
  • the phase-change energy storage core 2 is used to store heat when there is an excess of solar energy, and release heat when the solar energy is insufficient, to stabilize the output of thermal energy and the utilization rate of solar energy.
  • the phase change energy storage core 2 may have a structure such as a battery.
  • the heat pump unit includes an evaporation heat exchanger 4, an electronic expansion valve 6, a condensation heat exchanger 8, and a compressor 9. That is, the evaporative heat exchanger 4, the electronic expansion valve 6, the condensing heat exchanger 8 and the compressor 9 form a complete structure of a heat pump unit.
  • An inlet of the evaporative heat exchanger 4 is connected to the condensing heat exchanger 8 through the electronic expansion valve 6, an outlet of the evaporative heat exchanger 4 is connected to the compressor 9, and the condensing heat exchanger
  • the outlet of the heater 8 is respectively connected to the gas-water heat exchanger 5 and the electric heater 10 through an electric three-way valve 7.
  • the evaporation heat exchanger 4 may be located in the same box as the gas-water heat exchanger 5 (for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the gas-water heat exchanger 5 is located at the upper part of the box, and the evaporation heat exchanger 4 is located at the lower part of the box), and the evaporation heat exchanger 4 and the gas-water heat exchanger 5 both use solar energy to radiate heat.
  • the box body may be subjected to heat insulation treatment, for example, the box body is provided with a heat insulation material outside. In this way, heat loss can be avoided.
  • the electric heater 10 includes a heating body and an energy storage material disposed in the heating body.
  • the electric heater 10 can be heated at a time when the electricity price is relatively cheap, for example, at night (23:00 to 06:00), so that the energy storage material can absorb electric energy and store it in the form of thermal energy, so as to When the temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 is lower than the second preset temperature value, the stored energy can be used to achieve rapid heating to meet the water supply requirements.
  • FIG. 1 it further includes an expansion water tank 12 and a circulating water pump 11.
  • the expansion water tank 12 and the circulating water pump 11 are both connected to a return pipe of the fan coil 13.
  • the circulating water pump 11 can provide power for circulating water supply.
  • a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) and a control unit (not shown in the figure) are further included.
  • the temperature sensor is configured to detect the actual temperature in the air-type solar heat collector 1 and the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 and send them to the control unit.
  • the control unit is configured to receive the actual temperature and control the working state of the heat pump unit according to the actual temperature, and receive the actual water temperature and control the working state of the electric heater 10 according to the actual water temperature.
  • control unit includes a PLC.
  • control unit can be other control structures besides PLC.
  • a method for controlling a solar heat pump combined heating system includes the solar heat pump combined heating system described above.
  • the control method includes:
  • the electric heater 10 is started for auxiliary heating, and the heat pump unit is controlled to stop running.
  • the above control method can be divided into four modes, namely, the direct heating mode of the air solar collector 1, the combined heating mode of the air solar collector 1 and the heat pump unit, the separate heating mode of the heat pump unit, and the electric heater 10 Auxiliary combined heating mode.
  • Each mode is switched by the temperature in the gas-water heat exchanger 5.
  • the control method of the solar heat pump combined heating system of the structure of this embodiment can control the system in the direct heating mode of the air-type solar heat collector 1 and the air-type solar heat collection according to the temperature in the air heat collector and the air-water heat exchanger 5. Switching between the combined heating mode of the heater 1 and the heat pump unit, the separate heating mode of the heat pump unit, and the auxiliary combined heating mode of the electric heater 10 can speed up the conversion efficiency of the air to the hot water supply, improve the energy utilization rate, and also effectively guarantee The output water temperature meets the needs of users and improves the user experience.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

Disclosed are a solar heat pump combined heating system and a control method therefor. The solar heat pump combined heating system comprises an air-type solar heat collector, an air-water heat exchanger, a heat pump unit, an electric heater, and a fan coil. The air-water heat exchanger is connected to an air outlet of the air-type solar heat collector; the heat pump unit is connected to the air-water heat exchanger, the heat pump unit being used for assisting in heating when the temperature of the air-water heat exchanger is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature value; and the electric heater is respectively connected to the heat pump unit and the fan coil, the electric heater being used for assisting in heating when the temperature of the air-water heat exchanger is lower than the second preset temperature value. The provided heat pump unit and the electric heater can be used for assisting in heating, thereby accelerating the conversion efficiency of air to a hot water supply, improving the energy utilization rate, and also effectively ensuring that the temperature of the water supply output meets user needs, and improving user experience.

Description

一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统及控制方法Solar heat pump combined heating system and control method 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及供热技术及蓄能领域，具体涉及一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统以及一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的控制方法。The invention relates to the field of heating technology and energy storage, in particular to a solar heat pump combined heating system and a method for controlling a solar heat pump combined heating system.
背景技术Background technique
我国属于太阳能资源丰富的国家之一，全国面积2/3以上的地区年日照小时数大于2000h，每年陆地接收的太阳辐射热量相当于燃烧2.4万亿吨标准煤释放的热量，具有太阳能利用的良好条件；太阳能采暖系统是以太阳能作为采暖系统的热源，利用太阳能集热器将太阳能转换为热能，供给建筑物冬季采暖及全年生活热水；德国是较早应用太阳能供热技术的国家，该技术已经在德国居住区供热设施改造和配套建设中得到了广泛的应用；袁磊等设计了太阳能为主，热泵辅助的采暖系统，结果表明该方式可提高热泵机组COP和系统运行效率。China is one of the countries with abundant solar energy resources. The area of more than two-thirds of the country has an annual sunshine hours of more than 2000h. The annual solar radiation heat received on land is equivalent to the heat released by burning 2.4 trillion tons of standard coal. Conditions; solar heating systems use solar energy as the heat source of the heating system, use solar collectors to convert solar energy into heat, and provide buildings with winter heating and year-round domestic hot water; Germany is an earlier country applying solar heating technology. The technology has been widely used in the renovation of heating facilities and supporting construction in residential areas in Germany; Yuan Lei and others designed solar-based and heat-pump-assisted heating systems. The results show that this method can improve the heat pump unit COP and system operating efficiency.
在以往蓄能式空气式集热器集中供暖过程中，当太阳能辐射强度不足时，集热器内部温度开始下降，当温度下降到70℃以下后，通过气水换热器将集热器内热量换给供暖循环热水的效率出现急剧下降，使得供暖效果变差。In the traditional heating process of energy-storing air-type heat collectors, when the intensity of solar radiation was insufficient, the internal temperature of the heat collector began to fall. When the temperature dropped below 70 ° C, the heat was collected by a gas-water heat exchanger. The efficiency of heat exchange for heating circulating hot water drops sharply, making the heating effect worse.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一，提出了一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统以及一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的控制方法。The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a solar heat pump combined heating system and a control method of the solar heat pump combined heating system.
为了实现上述目的，本发明的第一方面，提供了一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，包括空气式太阳能集热器、气水换热器、热泵机组、电加热器和风机盘管；In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a solar heat pump combined heating system, including an air-type solar heat collector, an air-water heat exchanger, a heat pump unit, an electric heater, and a fan coil;
所述气水换热器与所述空气式太阳能集热器的出风口相连；The air-to-water heat exchanger is connected to an air outlet of the air solar collector;
所述热泵机组与所述气水换热器相连，所述热泵机组用于在所述空气式太阳能集热器内的实际温度低于第一预设温度值且大于第二预设温度值时，辅助加热；The heat pump unit is connected to the gas-water heat exchanger, and the heat pump unit is used when the actual temperature in the air solar collector is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature value. , Auxiliary heating;
所述电加热器分别与所述热泵机组和所述风机盘管相连，所述电加热器用于在所述气水换热器的实际水温低于所述第二预设温度值时，辅助加热。The electric heater is respectively connected to the heat pump unit and the fan coil, and the electric heater is used for auxiliary heating when the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger is lower than the second preset temperature value. .
可选地，所述空气式太阳能集热器包括真空管以及设置在所述真空管内的相变蓄能芯。Optionally, the air-type solar heat collector includes a vacuum tube and a phase-change energy storage core disposed in the vacuum tube.
可选地，所述热泵机组包括蒸发换热器、电子膨胀阀、冷凝换热器和压缩机；Optionally, the heat pump unit includes an evaporative heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, a condensing heat exchanger, and a compressor;
所述蒸发换热器的入口经由所述电子膨胀阀与所述冷凝换热器相连，所述蒸发换热器的出口与所述压缩机相连，所述冷凝换热器的出口经由电动三通阀分别与所述气水换热器、所述电加热器相连。The inlet of the evaporative heat exchanger is connected to the condensing heat exchanger via the electronic expansion valve, the outlet of the evaporative heat exchanger is connected to the compressor, and the outlet of the condensing heat exchanger is via an electric tee The valves are respectively connected to the gas-water heat exchanger and the electric heater.
可选地，所述蒸发换热器与所述气水换热器位于同一个箱体中，且所述蒸发换热器和所述气水换热器均利用太阳能辐射热量。Optionally, the evaporation heat exchanger and the gas-water heat exchanger are located in the same box, and both the evaporation heat exchanger and the gas-water heat exchanger use solar energy to radiate heat.
可选地，所述箱体外部设置有保温材料。Optionally, a thermal insulation material is provided outside the box.
可选地，所述电加热器包括加热本体以及设置在所述加热本体内的贮能材料。Optionally, the electric heater includes a heating body and an energy storage material disposed in the heating body.
可选地，还包括膨胀水箱和循环水泵；Optionally, it further includes an expansion water tank and a circulating water pump;
所述膨胀水箱和所述循环水泵均与所述风机盘管的回水管相连。The expansion water tank and the circulating water pump are both connected to a return pipe of the fan coil.
可选地，还包括温度传感器和控制单元；Optionally, it further includes a temperature sensor and a control unit;
所述温度传感器，用于分别检测所述空气式太阳能集热器内的实际温度和所述气水换热器的实际水温并将其发送至所述控制单元；The temperature sensor is configured to separately detect an actual temperature in the air-type solar heat collector and an actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger and send them to the control unit;
所述控制单元，用于接收所述实际温度并根据其控制所述热泵机组的工作状态，以及，The control unit is configured to receive the actual temperature and control the working state of the heat pump unit according to the actual temperature, and,
用于接收所述实际水温并根据其控制所述电加热器的工作状态。It is used to receive the actual water temperature and control the working state of the electric heater according to it.
可选地，所述控制单元包括PLC。Optionally, the control unit includes a PLC.
本发明的第二方面，提供了一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的控制方法，所述太阳能热泵联合供暖系统包括前文记载的所述的太阳能热泵联 合供暖系统；所述控制方法包括：According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a solar heat pump combined heating system is provided. The solar heat pump combined heating system includes the solar heat pump combined heating system described above; the control method includes:
S1、控制所述空气式太阳能集热器对所述气水换热器进行加热；S1. Control the air-type solar heat collector to heat the gas-water heat exchanger;
S2、分别检测所述空气式太阳能集热器内的实际温度和所述气水换热器的实际水温；S2. Detecting the actual temperature in the air solar collector and the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger;
S3、判断所述空气式太阳能集热器内的实际温度是否低于第一预设温度值且大于第二预设温度值，若是，执行S4，若否，执行S5；S3. Determine whether the actual temperature in the air-type solar collector is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature value. If yes, execute S4; if not, execute S5;
S4、启动所述热泵机组进行辅助加热；S4. Start the heat pump unit for auxiliary heating;
S5、判断所述气水换热器的实际水温是否低于第二预设温度值，若是，执行S6，若否，执行S1；S5. Determine whether the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger is lower than a second preset temperature value, if yes, execute S6; if not, execute S1;
S6、启动所述电加热器进行辅助加热，并控制所述热泵机组停止运行。S6. Start the electric heater for auxiliary heating, and control the heat pump unit to stop running.
本发明的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统和控制方法。不仅仅包括空气式太阳能集热器，还包括热泵机组和电加热器，这样可以利用所设置的热泵机组和所述电加热器进行辅助加热，从而可以加快空气达到供热水的转化效率，提高太阳能热量利用率，同时还可以有效保证所输出的供水温度满足用户需求，提高用户体验。The solar heat pump combined heating system and control method of the invention. It includes not only air-type solar heat collectors, but also heat pump units and electric heaters. In this way, the provided heat pump units and the electric heaters can be used for auxiliary heating, which can accelerate the conversion efficiency of air to hot water supply and improve The utilization rate of solar heat can also effectively ensure that the output water temperature meets user needs and improves user experience.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description. Together with the following specific embodiments, the drawings are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In the drawings:
图1为本发明第一实施例中太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar heat pump combined heating system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明第二实施例中太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的控制方法的流程图。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a solar heat pump combined heating system in a second embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
参考图1，本发明的第一方面，涉及一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统， 包括空气式太阳能集热器1、气水换热器5、热泵机组、电加热器10和风机盘管13。Referring to FIG. 1, a first aspect of the present invention relates to a solar heat pump combined heating system, which includes an air-type solar collector 1, an air-water heat exchanger 5, a heat pump unit, an electric heater 10, and a fan coil 13.
其中，所述气水换热器5与所述空气式太阳能集热器1的出风口相连。所述热泵机组与所述气水换热器5相连，所述热泵机组用于在所述空气式太阳能集热器1内的实际温度低于第一预设温度值且大于第二预设温度值时，辅助加热。The air-water heat exchanger 5 is connected to an air outlet of the air-type solar heat collector 1. The heat pump unit is connected to the gas-water heat exchanger 5, and the actual temperature of the heat pump unit in the air solar collector 1 is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature. Value, auxiliary heating.
所述电加热器10分别与所述热泵机组和所述风机盘管13相连，所述电加热器10用于在所述气水换热器5的实际水温低于所述第二预设温度值时，辅助加热。The electric heater 10 is connected to the heat pump unit and the fan coil 13 respectively. The electric heater 10 is used for the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 to be lower than the second preset temperature. Value, auxiliary heating.
具体地，在利用本实施例结构的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统进行供暖时，首先利用空气式太阳能集热器1，收集太阳能并对位于空气式太阳能集热器1中的空气进行加热，加热后的空气进入到气水换热器5中，对气水换热器5中的供水进行加热。也就是说，在气水换热器5中，供水与空气进行了换热。这样，在日照充足的情况下，可以将供水直接送至用户终端。但是，在日照不足的情况下，例如，雨雪天气等，则有可能使得仅仅利用空气式太阳能集热器1无法加热到满足用户需求的供水温度。此时，需要借助热泵机组进行辅助加热，从而可以使得供水符合用户需求。但是，当利用空气式太阳能集热器1所加热的供水温度极低时，例如，低于所设置的第二预设温度值，此时，如果再利用热泵机组进行加热，会增加热泵机组的负担，导致热泵机组的寿命急剧降低，此时，可以利用所设置的电加热器10，进行辅助加热，从而可以使得供水快速达到用户所需要的供水温度。Specifically, when the solar heat pump combined heating system with the structure of this embodiment is used for heating, the air-type solar heat collector 1 is first used to collect solar energy and heat the air located in the air-type solar heat collector 1. The air enters the air-water heat exchanger 5 and heats the water supply in the air-water heat exchanger 5. That is, in the gas-water heat exchanger 5, the water supply and the air are heat-exchanged. In this way, when the sunshine is sufficient, the water supply can be sent directly to the user terminal. However, in the case of insufficient sunlight, for example, rainy or snowy weather, it may be impossible to use only the air-type solar heat collector 1 to heat the water supply temperature to meet the needs of users. At this time, it is necessary to use the heat pump unit for auxiliary heating, so that the water supply can meet the needs of users. However, when the temperature of the water supply heated by the air solar collector 1 is extremely low, for example, lower than the set second preset temperature value, at this time, if the heat pump unit is used for heating, the The burden causes the life of the heat pump unit to decrease sharply. At this time, the electric heater 10 provided can be used for auxiliary heating, so that the water supply can quickly reach the water supply temperature required by the user.
需要说明的是，对于上述的第一预设温度值和第二预设温度值均没有作出具体限定，例如，该第一预设温度值可以为70℃，第二预设温度值可以为10℃。当然，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要，确定第一预设温度值和第二预设温度值的具体取值。It should be noted that neither the first preset temperature value nor the second preset temperature value is specifically limited. For example, the first preset temperature value may be 70 ° C, and the second preset temperature value may be 10 ℃. Of course, those skilled in the art may determine specific values of the first preset temperature value and the second preset temperature value according to actual needs.
本实施例结构的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，不仅仅包括空气式太阳能集热器，还包括热泵机组和电加热器，这样可以利用所设置的热泵机组和所述电加热器进行辅助加热，从而可以加快空气达到供热水的转化效率，提高太阳能热量利用率，同时还可以有效保证所输出的供水温度 满足用户需求，提高用户体验。The solar heat pump combined heating system structured in this embodiment includes not only an air-type solar heat collector, but also a heat pump unit and an electric heater. In this way, the provided heat pump unit and the electric heater can be used for auxiliary heating, so that the Speed up the conversion efficiency of air to hot water supply, improve the utilization rate of solar heat, and at the same time, it can effectively ensure that the output water temperature meets user needs and improves user experience.
具体地，如图1所示，所述空气式太阳能集热器1包括真空管以及设置在所述真空管内的相变蓄能芯2。其中，相变蓄能芯2用于在太阳能过剩时储存热量，在太阳能不足时，释放热量，稳定热能的输出和太阳能的利用率。该相变蓄能芯2可以是蓄电池等结构。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the air-type solar heat collector 1 includes a vacuum tube and a phase-change energy storage core 2 disposed in the vacuum tube. Among them, the phase-change energy storage core 2 is used to store heat when there is an excess of solar energy, and release heat when the solar energy is insufficient, to stabilize the output of thermal energy and the utilization rate of solar energy. The phase change energy storage core 2 may have a structure such as a battery.
如图1所示，所述热泵机组包括蒸发换热器4、电子膨胀阀6、冷凝换热器8和压缩机9。也就是说，蒸发换热器4、电子膨胀阀6、冷凝换热器8和压缩机9组成一个完整的热泵机组的结构。As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pump unit includes an evaporation heat exchanger 4, an electronic expansion valve 6, a condensation heat exchanger 8, and a compressor 9. That is, the evaporative heat exchanger 4, the electronic expansion valve 6, the condensing heat exchanger 8 and the compressor 9 form a complete structure of a heat pump unit.
其中，所述蒸发换热器4的入口经由所述电子膨胀阀6与所述冷凝换热器8相连，所述蒸发换热器4的出口与所述压缩机9相连，所述冷凝换热器8的出口经由电动三通阀7分别与所述气水换热器5、所述电加热器10相连。An inlet of the evaporative heat exchanger 4 is connected to the condensing heat exchanger 8 through the electronic expansion valve 6, an outlet of the evaporative heat exchanger 4 is connected to the compressor 9, and the condensing heat exchanger The outlet of the heater 8 is respectively connected to the gas-water heat exchanger 5 and the electric heater 10 through an electric three-way valve 7.
具体地，为了简化太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的结构，所述蒸发换热器4可以与所述气水换热器5位于同一个箱体中(例如，如图1所示，气水换热器5位于箱体的上部，蒸发换热器4位于箱体的下部)，且所述蒸发换热器4和所述气水换热器5均为了利用太阳能辐射热量。此外，为了可以在温度极低情况下正常运行，可以对箱体进行保温处理，例如，所述箱体外部设置有保温材料。这样，可以避免热量的散失。Specifically, in order to simplify the structure of the solar heat pump combined heating system, the evaporation heat exchanger 4 may be located in the same box as the gas-water heat exchanger 5 (for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the gas-water heat exchanger 5 is located at the upper part of the box, and the evaporation heat exchanger 4 is located at the lower part of the box), and the evaporation heat exchanger 4 and the gas-water heat exchanger 5 both use solar energy to radiate heat. In addition, in order to allow normal operation under extremely low temperature conditions, the box body may be subjected to heat insulation treatment, for example, the box body is provided with a heat insulation material outside. In this way, heat loss can be avoided.
优选地，所述电加热器10包括加热本体以及设置在所述加热本体内的贮能材料。Preferably, the electric heater 10 includes a heating body and an energy storage material disposed in the heating body.
具体地，电加热器10可以在电价相对便宜的时间段，例如，夜间(23：00～06：00)，进行加热，从而可以使得贮能材料吸收电能并以热能的形式贮存起来，以便在气水换热器5的温度低于第二预设温度值时，可以利用所贮存的能量实现快速加热，满足供水要求。Specifically, the electric heater 10 can be heated at a time when the electricity price is relatively cheap, for example, at night (23:00 to 06:00), so that the energy storage material can absorb electric energy and store it in the form of thermal energy, so as to When the temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 is lower than the second preset temperature value, the stored energy can be used to achieve rapid heating to meet the water supply requirements.
如图1所示，还包括膨胀水箱12和循环水泵11。其中所述膨胀水箱12和所述循环水泵11均与所述风机盘管13的回水管相连。循环水泵11可以为循环供水提供动力。As shown in FIG. 1, it further includes an expansion water tank 12 and a circulating water pump 11. The expansion water tank 12 and the circulating water pump 11 are both connected to a return pipe of the fan coil 13. The circulating water pump 11 can provide power for circulating water supply.
优选地，还包括温度传感器(图中并未示出)和控制单元(图中并未示出)。其中，所述温度传感器，用于分别检测所述空气式太阳能集热器1内的实际温度和气水换热器5的实际水温并将其发送至所述控制 单元。所述控制单元，用于接收所述实际温度并根据其控制所述热泵机组的工作状态，以及接收所述实际水温并根据其控制所述电加热器10的工作状态。Preferably, a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) and a control unit (not shown in the figure) are further included. The temperature sensor is configured to detect the actual temperature in the air-type solar heat collector 1 and the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 and send them to the control unit. The control unit is configured to receive the actual temperature and control the working state of the heat pump unit according to the actual temperature, and receive the actual water temperature and control the working state of the electric heater 10 according to the actual water temperature.
优选地，所述控制单元包括PLC。当然，该控制单元除了PLC以外，还可以是其他的一些控制结构。Preferably, the control unit includes a PLC. Of course, the control unit can be other control structures besides PLC.
本发明的第二方面，如1和图2所示，提供了一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的控制方法，所述太阳能热泵联合供暖系统包括前文记载的所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统。所述控制方法包括：According to a second aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a method for controlling a solar heat pump combined heating system is provided. The solar heat pump combined heating system includes the solar heat pump combined heating system described above. The control method includes:
S1、控制所述空气式太阳能集热器1对所述气水换热器5进行加热；S1. Control the air-type solar heat collector 1 to heat the gas-water heat exchanger 5;
S2、分别检测所述空气式太阳能集热器1内的实际温度和所述气水换热器5的实际水温；S2. Detecting the actual temperature in the air-type solar heat collector 1 and the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 respectively;
S3、判断所述空气式太阳能集热器1内的实际温度是否低于第一预设温度值且大于第二预设温度值，若是，执行S4，若否，执行S5；S3. Determine whether the actual temperature in the air-type solar thermal collector 1 is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature value, if yes, execute S4; if not, execute S5;
S4、启动所述热泵机组进行辅助加热；S4. Start the heat pump unit for auxiliary heating;
S5、判断所述气水换热器5的实际水温是否低于第二预设温度值，若是，执行S6，若否，执行S1；S5. Determine whether the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 is lower than a second preset temperature value, and if yes, execute S6; if not, execute S1;
S6、启动所述电加热器10进行辅助加热，并控制所述热泵机组停止运行。S6. The electric heater 10 is started for auxiliary heating, and the heat pump unit is controlled to stop running.
具体地，上述控制方法可以分为四个模式，分别为空气式太阳能集热器1直接供暖模式、空气式太阳能集热器1与热泵机组联合供暖模式、热泵机组单独供暖模式和电加热器10辅助联合供暖模式。每个模式均以气水换热器5中的温度进行切换。Specifically, the above control method can be divided into four modes, namely, the direct heating mode of the air solar collector 1, the combined heating mode of the air solar collector 1 and the heat pump unit, the separate heating mode of the heat pump unit, and the electric heater 10 Auxiliary combined heating mode. Each mode is switched by the temperature in the gas-water heat exchanger 5.
本实施例结构的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的控制方法，可以根据空气集热器和气水换热器5中的温度，控制该系统在空气式太阳能集热器1直接供暖模式、空气式太阳能集热器1与热泵机组联合供暖模式、热泵机组单独供暖模式和电加热器10辅助联合供暖模式之间进行切换，从而可以加快空气达到供热水的转化效率，提高能量利用率，同时还可以有效保证所输出的供水温度满足用户需求，提高用户体验。The control method of the solar heat pump combined heating system of the structure of this embodiment can control the system in the direct heating mode of the air-type solar heat collector 1 and the air-type solar heat collection according to the temperature in the air heat collector and the air-water heat exchanger 5. Switching between the combined heating mode of the heater 1 and the heat pump unit, the separate heating mode of the heat pump unit, and the auxiliary combined heating mode of the electric heater 10 can speed up the conversion efficiency of the air to the hot water supply, improve the energy utilization rate, and also effectively guarantee The output water temperature meets the needs of users and improves the user experience.
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技 术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。It can be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments adopted for explaining the principle of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various variations and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these variations and improvements are also considered to be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，包括空气式太阳能集热器、气水换热器、热泵机组、电加热器和风机盘管；A solar heat pump combined heating system, which is characterized by comprising an air-type solar heat collector, an air-water heat exchanger, a heat pump unit, an electric heater and a fan coil;
    所述气水换热器与所述空气式太阳能集热器的出风口相连；The air-to-water heat exchanger is connected to an air outlet of the air solar collector;
    所述热泵机组与所述气水换热器相连，所述热泵机组用于在所述空气式太阳能集热器内的实际温度低于第一预设温度值且大于第二预设温度值时，辅助加热；The heat pump unit is connected to the gas-water heat exchanger, and the heat pump unit is used when the actual temperature in the air solar collector is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature value. , Auxiliary heating;
    所述电加热器分别与所述热泵机组和所述风机盘管相连，所述电加热器用于在所述气水换热器的实际水温低于所述第二预设温度值时，辅助加热。The electric heater is respectively connected to the heat pump unit and the fan coil, and the electric heater is used for auxiliary heating when the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger is lower than the second preset temperature value. .
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，所述空气式太阳能集热器包括真空管以及设置在所述真空管内的相变蓄能芯。The combined solar heat pump heating system according to claim 1, wherein the air-type solar heat collector comprises a vacuum tube and a phase-change energy storage core disposed in the vacuum tube.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，所述热泵机组包括蒸发换热器、电子膨胀阀、冷凝换热器和压缩机；The solar heat pump combined heating system according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump unit comprises an evaporative heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, a condensing heat exchanger and a compressor;
    所述蒸发换热器的入口经由所述电子膨胀阀与所述冷凝换热器相连，所述蒸发换热器的出口与所述压缩机相连，所述冷凝换热器的出口经由电动三通阀分别与所述气水换热器、所述电加热器相连。The inlet of the evaporative heat exchanger is connected to the condensing heat exchanger via the electronic expansion valve, the outlet of the evaporative heat exchanger is connected to the compressor, and the outlet of the condensing heat exchanger is via an electric tee The valves are respectively connected to the gas-water heat exchanger and the electric heater.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，所述蒸发换热器与所述气水换热器位于同一个箱体中，且所述蒸发换热器和所述气水换热器均利用太阳能辐射热量。The solar heat pump combined heating system according to claim 3, wherein the evaporation heat exchanger and the gas-water heat exchanger are located in the same box, and the evaporation heat exchanger and the gas-water heat exchanger The heat exchangers use solar energy to radiate heat.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，所述箱体外部设置有保温材料。The solar heat pump combined heating system according to claim 4, wherein a thermal insulation material is provided outside the box.
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，所述电加热器包括加热本体以及设置在所述加热本体内的贮能材料。The solar heat pump combined heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electric heater includes a heating body and an energy storage material disposed in the heating body.
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，还包括膨胀水箱和循环水泵；The solar heat pump combined heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an expansion water tank and a circulating water pump;
    所述膨胀水箱和所述循环水泵均与所述风机盘管的回水管相连。The expansion water tank and the circulating water pump are both connected to a return pipe of the fan coil.
  8. 根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，还包括温度传感器和控制单元；The solar heat pump combined heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a temperature sensor and a control unit;
    所述温度传感器，用于分别检测所述空气式太阳能集热器内的实际温度和所述气水换热器的实际水温并将其发送至所述控制单元；The temperature sensor is configured to separately detect an actual temperature in the air-type solar heat collector and an actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger and send them to the control unit;
    所述控制单元，用于接收所述实际温度并根据其控制所述热泵机组的工作状态，以及，The control unit is configured to receive the actual temperature and control the working state of the heat pump unit according to the actual temperature, and,
    用于接收所述实际水温并根据其控制所述电加热器的工作状态。It is used to receive the actual water temperature and control the working state of the electric heater according to it.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统，其特征在于，所述控制单元包括PLC。The solar heat pump combined heating system according to claim 8, wherein the control unit comprises a PLC.
  10. 一种太阳能热泵联合供暖系统的控制方法，其特征在于，所述太阳能热泵联合供暖系统包括权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的太阳能热泵联合供暖系统；所述控制方法包括：A method for controlling a solar heat pump combined heating system, characterized in that the solar heat pump combined heating system includes the solar heat pump combined heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 9; the control method includes:
    S1、控制所述空气式太阳能集热器对所述气水换热器进行加热；S1. Control the air-type solar heat collector to heat the gas-water heat exchanger;
    S2、分别检测所述空气式太阳能集热器内的实际温度和所述气水换热器的实际水温；S2. Detecting the actual temperature in the air solar collector and the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger;
    S3、判断所述空气式太阳能集热器内的实际温度是否低于第一预设温度值且大于第二预设温度值，若是，执行S4，若否，执行S5；S3. Determine whether the actual temperature in the air-type solar collector is lower than a first preset temperature value and greater than a second preset temperature value. If yes, execute S4; if not, execute S5;
    S4、启动所述热泵机组进行辅助加热；S4. Start the heat pump unit for auxiliary heating;
    S5、判断所述气水换热器的实际水温是否低于第二预设温度值，若是，执行S6，若否，执行S1；S5. Determine whether the actual water temperature of the gas-water heat exchanger is lower than a second preset temperature value, if yes, execute S6; if not, execute S1;
    S6、启动所述电加热器进行辅助加热，并控制所述热泵机组停止运行。S6. Start the electric heater for auxiliary heating, and control the heat pump unit to stop running.
PCT/CN2018/091159 2018-06-13 2018-06-13 Solar heat pump combined heating system and control method therefor WO2019237296A1 (en)

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CN111412667B (en) * 2020-05-17 2024-05-17 敬西涛 Plateau household heat supply and heating plate type solar system

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