CN206669861U - A kind of solar energy kang heating system of active-passive composite - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an active and passive composite solar heating system. Including active solar kang system and passive solar air heat collection system; active solar kang system includes vacuum tube solar heat collector, heat storage tank, heating circulating water pump and kang body; The heat storage tank is connected; the kang body is located in the heating room; the passive solar air heat collection system includes the heating room and the passive heat collector; the passive heat collector is installed on the sunny wall of the heating room, and each layer is a glass cover, absorb The hot plate, the air duct and the thermal insulation backboard, the upper air outlet and the lower air outlet of the air duct pass through the sunny wall and communicate with the room. The utility model is mainly used in rural buildings in the north, and can meet the indoor heating demand in winter. Compared with traditional kang heating, the utility model can reduce fuel consumption and environmental pollution at the same time.

Description

An active and passive composite solar kang heating system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of building energy saving, in particular to building heating technology and solar light and heat utilization.

technical background

Kang heating is generally used in rural areas in northern China in winter. The traditional heated kang heats the kang body with the flue gas of burning fuel, and heats the room through the storage and heat dissipation capacity of the kang body, which not only has good heating performance, but also improves the utilization rate of fuel energy. However, the traditional heated kang still has problems such as low energy utilization rate, large combustion smoke pollution, uneven temperature on the kang surface, and limited operating time.

Solar heating system refers to the heating system that uses solar energy as a heat source, and uses solar collectors to convert solar energy into heat energy that can be directly supplied to the room or stored for heating when needed. Compared with traditional energy sources, solar energy is renewable and non-polluting, and is a good alternative energy source. Passive solar heating systems are limited by the use time and cannot work at night; active heating systems with storage functions are less efficient and require a larger heat collection area to maintain room heating.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the problems of uneven heating temperature distribution and unsatisfactory indoor heating effect of the existing heated kang, and reduce fuel combustion and harmful smoke emissions, the utility model combines the advantages of solar heating and traditional heated kang to propose an active and passive composite solar heating system.

An active and passive composite solar heating system includes an active solar kang system and a passive solar air heat collection system;

The active solar kang system includes a vacuum tube solar heat collector 1, a heat storage tank 2, a heating circulating water pump 7 and a kang body 8; the kang body 8 is located in a heating room 20; The water pipe 19 in the kang, and the two ends of the water pipe 19 in the kang are respectively connected with the heating inlet pipe 5 and the heating return pipe 6 of the heat storage tank 2; the heat storage tank 2, the heating inlet pipe 5, and the heating return pipe 7 1. Water pipe 19 and heating circulating water pump 7 form a circulation loop in the kang;

The passive solar air heat collection system includes a heated room 20 and a passive heat collector 9 . The passive heat collector 9 is an open flat box structure, the bottom of the flat box is a glass cover plate 12, a heat absorbing plate 13 parallel to the glass cover plate 12 is installed inside the flat box, and the top of the flat box is an insulating back plate 21 The passive heat collector 9 is installed on the sunny wall of the heating room 20 through the thermal insulation backboard 21 ; One end of the air duct 14 is connected to the upper air outlet 10, and the other end is connected to the lower air outlet 11; the upper air outlet 10 and the lower air outlet 11 are arranged on the sun-facing wall corresponding to the passive heat collector 9, and run through the sun-facing wall.

Further defined technical solutions are as follows:

The annual average heat collection efficiency of the vacuum tube solar heat collector 1 should not be less than 50%.

The hot water storage tank 2 is provided with an auxiliary heat source 3, and the auxiliary heat source 3 is an electric heating auxiliary heat source.

The water pipes 19 in the kang are evenly distributed in a zigzag shape, and are fixed with wire mesh and grass mud.

The bottom of the kang body 8 is a supporting body 15, on which the supporting body 15 is successively provided with an insulating layer 16, a water pipe layer 17 and a leveling layer 18, and the inner water pipes 19 of the kang are arranged in the water pipe layer 17.

The heat absorbing plate 13 is a heat absorbing plate with a selective absorbing coating, the solar absorptivity should be higher than 0.9, and the emissivity should be lower than 0.25.

The heat collecting area of the passive heat collector 9 is not less than 2m ² , and the thickness of the air duct 14 (ie the distance between the heat absorbing plate and the back plate) is not less than 4cm.

The beneficial technical effects of the utility model are embodied in the following aspects:

1. This utility model proposes a new solar kang heating system by combining the advantages of the existing traditional heated kang and solar heating, and combines and optimizes the passive heating system to make the overall composite heating system more energy-saving, environmentally friendly and more efficient ;

2. The utility model utilizes the optimized design of the water pipes in the kang body, so that the heating system overcomes the problems of uneven temperature distribution and pollution of the traditional kang.

3. This utility model utilizes the complementary advantages of the combination of active and passive heating, so that the heating of the composite system can not only work in the daytime to meet the comfort of residents’ daytime activities, but also provide a comfortable kang surface temperature at night to meet the needs of residents’ rest. Sleep comfort.

4. The utility model improves the efficiency of solar energy utilization by improving the operating environment and system structure, so that the heat collecting area of the overall system is small, the cost of comprehensive installation and operation is very low, the investment recovery period is short, and it has good economic benefits.

After testing, when heating a room of 18m ² , the heat collecting area of the air collector adopted is 4 m ² , the heat collecting area of the active solar kang system is 4 m ² , and the surface of the kang is 2.1m long and 1.8m wide. The air temperature can reach 18°C, the annual conventional energy replacement is 1.51 tons of standard coal, the annual cost savings is 2456.17 yuan, and the static investment payback period is about 5 years.

In summary, the utility model can meet the daytime and nighttime needs of house heating by comprehensively utilizing the advantages of solar energy preparatory heating and traditional kang. It is simple to install, easy to use, requires no fuel, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a passive heating collector.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the kang body structure.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout of double-circuit hot water coils in the heating layer of the solar kang.

Serial numbers in the above picture: vacuum tube solar collector 1, hot water storage tank 2, auxiliary heat source 3, control valve 4, heating water inlet pipe 5, heating return water pipe 6, heating circulating water pump 7, kang body 8, passive collector Heater 9, upper tuyere 10, lower tuyere 11, glass cover plate 12, heat absorbing plate 13, air duct 14, kang body support layer 15, kang body insulation layer 16, kang body water pipe layer 17, kang body leveling layer 18, Water pipe 19, heating room 20, thermal insulation backboard 21 in the kang.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described further through embodiment.

Example

The area of the heating room 20 in this embodiment is 18m ² .

Referring to Figure 1, an active and passive composite solar heating system includes an active solar kang system and a passive solar air heat collection system.

The active solar kang system includes a vacuum tube solar heat collector 1 , a heat storage tank 2 , a heating circulating water pump 7 and a kang body 8 . The annual average heat collection efficiency of the vacuum tube solar heat collector 1 should not be less than 50%. The vacuum tube solar heat collector 1 and the hot water storage tank 2 are installed on the roof, and the heat collection area of the vacuum tube solar heat collector 1 should not be less than 4m ² ; The electric heating auxiliary heat source 3 is used in case of rainy weather.

Referring to Fig. 3, the area of the Kang body is about 4m ² (1.8m*2.1m). The lower part of the kang body 8 is a support body 15, on which the support body 15 is successively provided with an insulating layer 16, a water pipe layer 17 and a leveling layer 18, and the inner water pipes 19 of the kang are installed in the water pipe layer 17; The fonts are evenly distributed and fixed with wire mesh and grass mud. The two ends of the water pipe 19 in the kang are respectively connected with the heat supply inlet pipe 5 and the heat supply return pipe 6 of the heat storage tank 2 . Heat storage tank 2, heat supply inlet pipe 5, heat supply return pipe 6, water pipe 19 and heat supply circulation water pump 7 form a circulation loop in the kang, and heat supply circulation water pump 7 should be installed indoors. Control valve 4 is respectively installed on the heating water inlet pipe 5 and the heating return pipe 6, and the outdoor part of the heating water inlet pipe 5 and the heating return pipe 6 should be wrapped with thermal insulation material.

The passive solar air heat collection system includes a heating room 20 and a passive heat collector 9 . Referring to Fig. 2, the passive heat collector 9 is an open flat box structure, the bottom of the flat box is a glass cover plate 12, and a heat absorbing plate 13 parallel to the glass cover plate 12 is installed in the flat box, and the top of the flat box is The heat preservation backboard 21; the passive heat collector 9 is installed on the sunny wall of the heating room 20 through the moisture retention backboard 21; One end of the air duct 14 is connected to the upper air outlet 10, and the other end is connected to the lower air outlet 11; the upper air outlet 10 and the lower air outlet 11 are set on the sun-facing wall corresponding to the passive heat collector 9, and run through the sun-facing wall. The size of the upper air outlet 10 and the lower air outlet 11 is about 10cm*40cm. During the day, the air duct 14 is opened, and the air in the air duct 14 is heated by the solar energy absorbed by the heat-absorbing plate and then circulated into the room by the buoyancy force. Play the effect of room heating. In order to prevent indoor heat from running off through the air duct 14 at night, the upper air outlet 10 and the lower air outlet 11 are blocked by using a thermal insulation plug (made of heat insulating material, consistent with the air outlet). The operation of the passive solar air heat collection system should make the average temperature of the room more than 5 ℃ higher than that of the unheated room.

The heat collecting area of the passive heat collector 9 is 4m ² (composed of two heat absorbing plates 13 with a height of 2m and a width of 1m). The air layer between the glass cover plate 12 and the heat absorbing plate 13 plays a role of heat insulation, and the thickness is about 1 cm; the heat absorbing plate 13 should be a heat absorbing plate with a selective absorbing coating, and the sunlight absorption rate should be higher than 0.9, and the emissivity is lower than 0.25; the thickness of the air channel 14 between the heat absorbing plate 13 and the heat preservation back plate 21 (that is, the distance between the heat absorbing plate and the back plate) should not be less than 4cm.

When the weather is good and the sun is sufficient, the heat collecting temperature of the water tank should not be lower than 50°C, and the maximum temperature of the kang surface should reach 30°C during the operation of the heating circulating water pump 7, and keep it for several hours.

For the heating room 20, its outer surface should be covered with insulation material, to reduce the heat loss of the room.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of active and passive compound solar energy heating system, it is characterized in that: comprise active type solar energy kang system and passive type solar energy air heating system; The active solar kang system includes a vacuum tube solar heat collector, a heat storage tank, a heating circulating water pump and a kang body; the kang body is located in a heating room; The two ends are respectively connected to the heat supply inlet pipe and the heat supply return pipe of the heat storage tank; the heat storage tank, the heat supply inlet pipe, the heat supply return pipe, the kang inner water pipe and the heat supply circulating water pump form a circulation loop; The passive solar air heat collection system includes a heating room and a passive heat collector; the passive heat collector is a flat box structure, the bottom of the flat box is a glass cover, and the flat box is provided with a The heat-absorbing plate, the top of the flat box is an insulating backboard; the passive heat collector is installed on the sunny wall of the heating room through the insulating backboard; an air duct is formed between the heat-absorbing plate and the moisturizing backboard, and the air duct One end is connected to the upper air outlet, and the other end is connected to the lower air outlet; the upper air outlet and the lower air outlet are arranged on the sun-facing wall corresponding to the passive heat collector, and run through the sun-facing wall. 2. An active-passive composite solar heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the annual average heat collection efficiency of the vacuum tube solar heat collector should not be lower than 50%. 3. An active-passive composite solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary heat source is provided in the hot water storage tank, and the auxiliary heat source is an electric heating auxiliary heat source. 4. An active-passive composite solar heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water pipes in the kang are evenly distributed in a zigzag shape, and are fixed with wire grids and grass mud. 5. A kind of active-passive composite solar heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the kang body is a support, and the support is successively provided with a thermal insulation layer, a water pipe layer and a leveling layer. The water pipes in the kang are arranged in the water pipe layer. 6. A kind of active-passive composite solar heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat absorbing plate is a heat absorbing plate with a selective absorbing coating, and the solar light absorption rate should be higher than 0.9, and the emission rate below 0.25. 7. An active-passive composite solar heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat collecting area of the passive heat collector is not less than 2m ² , and the thickness of the air duct is not less than 4cm.