WO2019232696A1 - 一种药物使用中的网络监控系统及方法 - Google Patents
一种药物使用中的网络监控系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
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- G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
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- G16H20/13—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered from dispensers
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring during the sale and use of special products, and particularly to how to achieve tightness in the use of drugs for regulated drugs that are strictly approved and managed by the State Food and Drug Administration or drugs that need to be monitored closely.
- the problem of security monitoring A system and method for real-time monitoring of safety in the use of controlled drugs using a network monitoring scheme is proposed.
- This application proposes a network monitoring system and method for drug use.
- the supervisor can obtain the drug use information through the client in real time, and effectively control the drug use state, especially the emergency automatic suspension of the drug when the drug is in the abnormal use state, ensuring such drugs Will not be illegally abused and misused, and ensure that patients have good medication compliance, accurate medication, and reduce problems caused by clinical medication compliance.
- the application of the present invention discloses a network monitoring system in use of medicine, which system includes the following parts:
- An information server built on the network cloud the information server is used to store patient identity information and medication information used;
- Drug delivery device Patients use the drug delivery device for drug use.
- the device exchanges data in real time with an information server located in the cloud through the network to achieve matching and verification with patient information, and to achieve status monitoring and management of the drug delivery device. ;
- Information entry and identification device The device is used to enter and identify patient information when a pharmacist distributes a medicine for the first time and upload the entered information to an information server located in the cloud for storage via the network.
- the information and status of medication patients are transmitted to the cloud information server in real time through the network.
- Supervisors only need to log in to the server to obtain the relevant drug usage, and check the information when the patient is using the drug to ensure the medication.
- Safety of use At the same time, the supervisor can also control and control the drug delivery device in real time according to the medication status.
- This active management and control scheme can avoid the non-compliance of human operation.
- This solution realizes the control of remote medication taking through the authentication and identification of patient information.
- the information server of the above architecture in the network cloud is a server group composed of no less than one server. Each server independently obtains information from the network cloud, and the servers synchronize and back up information in real time through the network.
- This server architecture can first ensure the safety of the monitored drug data. Even if one server fails, the other server can continue to monitor the medication status normally. In addition, it also ensures the authenticity of the data and the patient.
- the medication data is uploaded to two servers in parallel through the network at the same time, and data is supplemented and improved between the servers to avoid the possibility of data fraud.
- the information server located in the cloud and the HIS system perform network data exchange; any updated drug usage is also simultaneously in HIS Online updates in the system ensure the real-time nature of the data in the HIS.
- any doctor's medication information from any place has a corresponding record in the server.
- the information entered in the information entry and identification device includes, but is not limited to, the patient's biometric information.
- the biometric information here includes, but is not limited to, fingerprints, iris, human DNA, and face. Image information.
- the entered information will be used as a check parameter in the use of the drug. Only when these parameters of the user are consistent with the initial input information can the system's consent to use the drug be obtained.
- the drug delivery device When a patient uses a drug, the drug delivery device transmits data information through a wireless network, and the transmission method includes, but is not limited to, WIFI, mobile communication, wireless Bluetooth, or Zigbee.
- the patient information is checked after being transmitted to the cloud information server by the wireless network. Only when the check is consistent, the drug delivery device can start the dosing procedure normally; after the drug is completed, the time, Information such as the dose is sent to the cloud via a wireless network.
- the device includes a drug feeder and a matching medicine-carrying medicine box. After the medicine feeder and the medicine cassette are connected to each other, the lock is achieved through the information verification between the two.
- the locked medicine feeding device sends a lock signal to the information server in the cloud to update its status. If the information verification does not match, the drug delivery device is suspended and the mismatched information is sent to the information server.
- This locking method further increases the drug cartridge containing the controlled drugs and the verification process for the required device, and increases the safety barrier.
- the drug delivery device can also be equipped with a positioning module, which can upload its location information to the information server in real time, so that the supervisor can grasp the location information of the patient's administration.
- the verification information after the medicine dispenser is connected to the medicine cassette may be local information that downloads patient information to the medicine dispenser through the cloud, so that the information comparison and verification are faster.
- a self-destruct device is added to the drug delivery device.
- the real-time communication between the drug delivery device and the information server is interrupted for a long time or the drug delivery device detects a violent dismantling state of itself At that time, the self-destructing device is activated, and the internal drug destruction is invalidated.
- the entire monitoring system also includes monitoring terminals that can be accessed through mobile networks or any wireless network.
- the monitoring terminals log in and authorize users to connect to the information server in the cloud.
- Supervisors obtain the use status of controlled drugs or control drug delivery devices through the monitoring terminals. This control includes, but is not limited to, setting the effective area and range used by the drug delivery device.
- the above monitoring system can not only realize the network monitoring of common drugs, but also can be used for specific controlled drugs.
- the steps of the monitoring method in the use of drugs using the above monitoring system are: (1) information entry and storage.
- the information input and identification device is used to obtain the identity information of the patient and the drug information used, and An information server transmitted via the network to a network cloud;
- the user's identity information is first obtained through the drug delivery device and checked with the user's identity information stored locally on the information server or drug delivery device. After that, the drug delivery device implements the administration operation; if the verification is inconsistent, the administration is prohibited, and an alarm message is sent to the monitoring terminal through the information server.
- the above method can realize online monitoring and management through the use of network technology, combined with the identification and verification of the medication device, which not only perfects the defects in the existing drug management, but also facilitates the use of drugs by patients when "violent pain” occurs, reducing The suffering of the sick.
- the identity information of the drug taker authorized by the patient can be additionally input, so that the drug taking operation process can be authorized to other members, reducing the need for the patient to go back and forth for each drug taking Hospital inconvenience.
- the identity information entered in step (1) and the controlled drug information used are matched.
- the identity information here includes but is not limited to fingerprints, iris, Biological information such as human DNA and facial images; the drug information here includes, but is not limited to, information on the type, dose, and time of medication that matches the patient's condition.
- the HIS system is connected to the network cloud system constructed by the monitoring scheme through the network, thereby realizing data transmission and sharing with the information server, and supplementing and improving the deficiency of the HIS system for drug management.
- any pharmacist and any drug prescribing information performed in any area have been recorded. Supervisors can easily implement the management of pharmacist prescribing authority through medication setting.
- the above medicine feeding device includes a medicine feeder and a matching medicine-carrying medicine cassette. After the medicine dispenser and the medicine cassette are connected to each other, the information is locked by the verification of the information between the two.
- the lock signal is transmitted to the information server in the cloud to update its status; if the information verification between the drug dispenser and the medicine cassette does not match, the drug delivery device is suspended and the mismatched information is sent to the information server.
- the administration device uploads the administration information, including but not limited to the administration time and the administration dose, to the information server, so as to update the information on the administration situation to the patient, which is convenient for the supervisor Understand medication use and medical staff to understand the patient's condition.
- the information server and the drug delivery device exchange response information through the network in real time. If there is a long-term interruption in the response of the drug delivery device, the information server will issue an alarm message and report it to the supervisor.
- the medicine feeding device used in the above method includes a medicine feeder and a matching medicine-containing medicine cassette, both of which have their own state monitoring function. When they are sensed that they are under a force destruction state, they initiate self-destruction. Operation, and send relevant information to the information server, the information server sends an alarm signal to the monitoring terminal; the network data communication function of the drug delivery device ensures that the use of the drug is always under monitoring, and any illegal operations cannot be allowed to achieve Controls the safe use of drugs.
- Monitors who use the monitoring terminal to monitor the use of drugs include, but are not limited to, government drug monitoring departments, hospitals, and drug research and development institutions. Using any terminal, the monitor can log in to the information server to obtain the drug and patient drug use status information after verification.
- the information registered on the information server at this time is an information list corresponding to the drug delivery device and corresponding multiple patient identification information.
- the network monitoring system and method for drug use proposed in the present application utilizes Internet technology, biometric identification technology, and Internet of Things technology to build an ecosystem for controlling drug monitoring, which not only reduces the incidence of cancer in patients with advanced cancer through this ecosystem. It is severe and painful, and it also improves the defects of existing drug monitoring. In particular, it achieves the real use monitoring for a class of narcotic psychotropic drugs, which reduces the occurrence of illegal situations in the use of such drugs. It is a technology of drug monitoring. A major improvement.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an applied network monitoring system.
- a network cloud for the monitoring system is constructed on the network. It is located in the cloud and constructs multiple information servers as needed.
- the information server is used to store patient identity information and medication information used between the information servers. Data synchronization and update are realized through the network. Different supervisors can obtain the status information of drug use from different information servers through the cloud. Supervisors with different permissions can also perform different control operations on the entire system.
- the cloud network is also connected to drug delivery devices corresponding to different patient information. These drug delivery devices are carried by patients to different locations and areas for use. Patients use the drug delivery device for drug use.
- the information server in the cloud exchanges data in real time and monitors the status of the drug delivery device.
- the information input and identification device is also connected to the cloud network.
- the device is usually distributed in various hospitals.
- the pharmacist distributes the drug for the first time, the patient information is entered and identified.
- the entered information is uploaded to an information server located in the cloud via the network for storage.
- the information server located in the cloud and the HIS system perform network data exchange; any updated drug usage is also simultaneously in HIS
- the system is updated online to ensure the real-time nature of the data in the HIS, that is, the HIS system is also connected to the network cloud of the monitoring system through the network.
- the information entry and identification device in this monitoring system is a device used to enter identity information when a patient prescribes medicine for the first time.
- the entry information includes not only the patient's identity information, but also fingerprints, iris, human DNA and facial image information;
- the device can also include additional information authorized by the patient to assist him in taking the medication.
- the above-mentioned drug delivery device is a core component in the technical solution of the present application, and includes a drug feeder and a matching medicine-carrying medicine cassette.
- the medicine feeder and the medicine cassette are connected to each other and pass information between the two.
- Verification is locked, and the locked drug delivery device sends a lock signal to the cloud information server to update its status; if the information verification between the drug dispenser and the medicine cassette does not match, the drug delivery device is temporarily suspended and the Mismatch information is sent to the information server.
- the drug delivery device and the system's cloud are accessed via wireless or mobile networks, and it also has a positioning module.
- the monitor can determine its location in real time through the network, and set permissions if permissions permit. Normal working location area to ensure the safety of use.
- the verification information that the medicine feeder and the medicine cassette are connected to each other to achieve lock can be verified on the information server through the network, or the related information can be downloaded to the device through the cloud and locked by mutual local verification.
- a significant structural feature of the drug delivery device of the present application is a self-destruct device.
- This system is used to monitor controlled drugs if the real-time communication between the drug delivery device and the information server is interrupted for a long time or the drug delivery device detects itself When a state of violent disassembly occurs, the self-destructing device is activated, and the internal drug destruction is invalidated, so that the controlled drugs will not be abused and illegal situations will occur.
- the steps of the monitoring method adopted by the above network monitoring system for drug use are as follows: (1) Information entry and storage. When a pharmacist first dispenses a drug, he obtains the identity information of the patient and the information of the drug used by the information entry and identification device. Information is transmitted to the information server of the network cloud through the network;
- ID information check during drug use.
- the user first obtains the user's identity information through the drug delivery device and checks with the user's identity information stored locally on the information server or drug delivery device. After the check is consistent, The drug delivery device performs a drug administration operation; if the verification is inconsistent, drug administration is prohibited, and an alarm message is sent to the monitoring terminal through the information server.
- the patient information obtained by the information entry and identification device includes, but is not limited to, the patient's biological information, that is, fingerprints, iris, human DNA, and facial images.
- This information is collected by the drug delivery device when the patient takes the medicine, and compared with the information in the information server through the network, or compared with the information downloaded locally from the information server. Normal medication can only be started when they are consistent, otherwise it will not be used. Carry out the administration operation.
- the client can also be used to control the entire system, which has different management and control capabilities according to the different permissions of the supervisor.
- the system and method described in this application through network technology, combined with the identification and verification of the medication device, can realize online monitoring and management, which not only improves the defects in the existing drug management but also facilitates the use of drugs by patients, especially Aiming at narcotics, psychiatric drugs, and radiopharmaceuticals that are controlled drugs, the risk of drug abuse and illegal use has been reduced by monitoring the use status, and a drug monitoring ecosystem has been established and improved.
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Abstract
一种药物使用中的网络监控系统及方法。该系统包括架构在网络云端的信息服务器，信息录入及识别装置及药物给送装置，利用该装置进行药物使用监控的步骤为：（1）药物领取中的身份信息录入并上传至云端信息服务器，派发药物及与之对应的给药装置；（2）药物领取中的身份信息核对，核对一致后由医生派发药物及与之对应的给药装置；（3）药物使用中身份信息自动核对，核对一致时，药物给送装置实施给药操作，否则禁止给药。上述系统和方法借助互联网技术、生物识别技术及物联网技术构建完成药物监控的生态体系，针对需要监控类药物可以实现严格的物联网监管，完善了现有药物使用监控的缺陷。
Description
本发明涉及属于特殊产品销售、使用过程中的安全监控技术领域，特别是针对受到国家食品药品监督局严格审批和管理的管制类药物或需要进行密切监控使用状态的药物在使用环节中如何实现严密、安全监控的问题，提出一种采用网络监控方案对管制类药物使用中的安全性进行实时监控的系统和方法。
不同种类的药品在医生处方的出具、药物领取、患者使用等环节分别采用了不同的管理方式。对于一般常用非成瘾性药物，医院和药物监管部门的管控级别和强度较低，但对于涉及麻醉品、精神病、放射性药物等的管理，其监管级别最高。现有的麻、精、放类药物的处方开据、药物领取及使用通常是在医院等具有特殊监管的环境下由具备专业资质的医师开据患者使用。国家为加强麻醉药品和精神药品的管理，保证麻醉药品和精神药品的合法、安全、合理使用，防止流入非法渠道而制定《麻醉药品和精神药品管理条例》，该条例对麻醉药品和精神药品的实验研究、生产、经营、使用、储存、运输等都进行了具体规定。在该规定中明确了在医疗机构就诊的癌症疼痛患者和其他危重患者可以向执业医师提出申请并开据相应的麻醉、镇痛药品。但在实际对此类药物的管理中，通常在开药和取药环节对药品处方，处方调配人及患者进行核对、登记，并签署姓名。此种情况下药品管理只能在药品输出上实现准确管理，但对于此类药品的使用者身份是否真实、使用者的药品每次用量等使用环节并无法准确实现监控。
随着国内癌症患者的日益增多，在病患晚期的疼痛感会日益加强，甚至会由于晚期癌症病灶经常突然产生“暴疼”，此时患者急需麻醉镇痛药物对此疼痛予以缓解，因此需要在患者在需要时及时获得镇痛治疗。此类患者通常会申请医师开据适量的麻醉镇痛药物以在紧急情况下进行更痛 缓解。但正如前述，在药品的分发上能够实现准确管理，但职业药师所开据的药品是否被患者在紧急状态下正常使用尚无法获得监控，很可能在药品的使用环节被不法分子所利用。如何对此类受到严格管控的麻醉、精神类药物实现全面监控是现有医药监控系统的空白。随着网络技术、信息技术、生物识别技术及设备智能化技术的进步和发展，如何有机将上述技术融合构成药物监控生态系统以实现药物的更准确、严格的监管成为医药领域的发展。
实际上不仅对于毒、麻、精、放类药物在患者使用中要进行严格管理和监控，对于慢性病的管理和治疗，如糖尿病、慢性呼吸道疾病等，患者临床用药是否严格遵医嘱，将会显著影响患者的临床用药效果，在有必要的情况下，对患者的临床用药情况和临床顺应性进行监控和管理，提示患者准点用药，保证患者的临床用药的安全性和有效性也甚为重要。此外，一些高风险的治疗窗较窄的药物，通过生物信息识别来准确给药，能避免肺患者误用，减少临床使用过程中的风险。因此，建立一套能便于药物监管者及医生进行用药监控和信息反馈的监控系统已经成为行业发展的必然趋势。
发明内容
为解决现有麻醉镇痛类药物或需要进行密切监控的药物当患者在医院外环节使用过程中无法获得严格监控，特别是其使用者、使用剂量、使用状态无法被监控管理者获知并被其管控的监管缺陷或者用药顺应性不够，同时也便于医生对慢性病人的用药状态、病情进展实现了解和掌握，本申请提出一种针对药物使用中的网络监控系统及方法。通过该系统及方法，监管者可以实时通过客户端获得药物的使用信息，并对药物的使用状态进行有效控制，特别是在药物处于非正常使用状态下紧急自动实施药物暂停，保证了此类药物不会被非法滥用和误用，且保证患者的用药顺应性良好，服药准确，减少临床用药顺应性带来的问题。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明申请公开了一种药物使用中的网络 监控系统，该系统包括如下部分：
架构在网络云端的信息服务器，该信息服务器用于存储患者身份信息及其使用的药物信息；
药物给送装置，患者使用该药物给送装置进行药物使用，该装置通过网络与位于云端的信息服务器实时进行数据交换，实现与患者信息的匹配和验证，达到药物给送装置的状态监控和管理；
信息录入及识别装置，该装置用于药剂师首次分发药物时录入及识别患者信息并将录入的信息通过网络上传至位于云端的信息服务器进行储存。
通过上述构架方式将用药患者的信息和状态通过网络实时传送给云端的信息服务器，监管者只要登录服务器即可获得相关药物的使用情况，并且在患者进行药物使用时进行进行信息核对，保证了药物使用的安全性；同时监管者也可以根据用药状态实时对药物给送装置进行管控操作,这种主动式管控方案可以避免人为操作的不合规情况发生。该方案通过患者信息的认证、识别实现了远程药物服用的管控。
上述架构在网络云端的信息服务器是由不少于一台服务器构建而成的服务器组，每台服务器独立从网络云端获取信息，服务器之间实时通过网络进行信息同步和备份。这种服务器的构架方式首先可以保证被监控药物数据的安全性，即使一台服务器发生故障，另一台服务器也能正常对用药状态不间断的实施监控；此外还保证了数据的真实性，患者的用药数据同时通过网络并行上传至两台服务器中，服务器之间进行数据的补充和完善，避免数据造假的可能性。
为保证药物数据的实时更新，位于云端的信息服务器和HIS系统(医院管理和医疗活动中进行信息管理和联机操作的计算机管理系统)进行网络数据交换；任何更新后的药物使用情况都同时在HIS系统中进行在线更新，保证了HIS中数据的实时性。同时，由于HIS系统数据的接入，任何医生在任何地点开据的药物信息都在服务器中有相应记录，通过服务器中 的开药条件设定可以避免患者、医师不合法的重复、多次开具同类药物的违规操作。
在患者或领药着首次进行药物领取时，在信息录入及识别装置中所录入的信息包括但不限于患者的生物身份信息，这里的生物身份信息包括但不限于指纹、虹膜、人体DNA及面部图像信息。这些录入的信息将作为药物使用中的核对参数，只有使用者的这些参数与初始录入的信息核对一致时，才能获得系统的同意用药指令。
在患者进行药物使用时，药物给送装置通过无线网络进行数据信息传输，其传送方式包括但不限于WIFI、移动通讯、无线蓝牙或Zigbee方式。患者信息在被无线网络传送至云端的信息服务器后进行核对，只有核对一致情况下，药物给送装置才能正常启动给药程序；在完成给药后，给药装置将此次给药的时间、剂量等信息通过无线网络发送至云端。
在药物给送装置的设计上为进一步保证安全性和匹配性，其装置包括药物给送器及与之匹配的承装有药物的药剂匣。药物给送器及药剂匣相互连接后通过两者之间的信息验证实现锁定，锁定后的药物给送装置将锁定信号传送给云端的信息服务器更新其状态；若药物给送器与药剂匣之间的信息验证不匹配，则药物给送装置暂停使用，并将不匹配信息发送至信息服务器。这种锁定方式更进一步增加了承装管制药物的药匣和给要装置的验证过程，增加安全屏障。药物给送装置同时可以安装有定位模块，能够将其位置信息实时上传至信息服务器，便于监管者掌握患者给药的位置信息。上述药物给送器与药剂匣连接后的验证信息可以是将患者信息通过云端下载至药物给送器上的本地信息，这样在信息比对和验证上更为快捷。
为防止管控类药物被不法分子获取并滥用，在药物给送装置中增加自毁装置，当药物给送装置与信息服务器的实时通讯发生长期中断或药物给送装置探测到自身发生暴力拆解状态时，则自毁装置启动，对其内部的药物自动销毁失效。
整个监控系统还包括通过移动网络或任何无线网络可以访问的监控 终端，监控终端通过用户登录和授权连接云端的信息服务器，监管者通过监控终端获得管控药物的使用状态或对给药装置进行控制，该控制包括但不限于对给药装置使用的有效区域、范围进行设定。
上述监控系统不仅可以实现普通药物的网络监控，而且对特定的管控类药物也可以采用。
利用上述监控系统进行药物使用中的监控方法步骤为：(1)信息录入及存储，药剂师首次派发药物时通过信息录入及识别装置获取用药患者身份信息及其使用的药物信息，并将该信息通过网络传输至网络云端的信息服务器；
(2)药物领取中的身份信息核对，药物使用者或药物领取人在领取药物时输入个人身份信息，该身份信息经与信息服务器中的录入信息进行核对一致后由药剂师派发药物及与之对应的药物给送装置；
(3)药物使用中身份信息核对及管控，患者进行药物使用时首先通过药物给送装置获取使用者的身份信息并与信息服务器或药物给送装置本地存储的使用者身份信息进行核对，核对一致后，药物给送装置实施给药操作；如果验证不一致，则禁止给药，并通过信息服务器向监控终端发出报警信息。
上述方法通过网络技术，结合用药装置的身份识别和验证能够对的使用实现在线监控和管理，不仅完善了现有药品管理中的缺陷也方便了患者在“暴疼”发生时的药物使用，降低了病患者的痛苦。
上述步骤(1)中在录入患者信息的基础上还可以补充录入由患者授权的取药者身份信息，由此可以将取药操作过程授权给其他成员，减轻了每次取药需要患者来回前往医院的不便。为了更准确的监控和核对取药人员和患者的身份信息，在步骤(1)中录入的身份信息及其使用的管控药物信息是相匹配的，这里的身份信息包括但不限于指纹、虹膜、人体DNA及面部图像等生物信息；这里的药物信息包括但不限于与患者病情相匹配的药物种类、剂量、用药时间信息。
在上述监控方法中，HIS系统通过网络接入本监控方案所构建的网络 云端系统中，从而实现与信息服务器的数据传送和共享，补充和完善HIS系统进行药品管理的不足。特别是由于HIS系统的接入，任何药师、在任何区域进行的任何药物开据信息都有了记录，监管者通过用药设定就可以方便实现对药师开药权限的管理。
上述药物给送装置包括药物给送器及与之匹配的承载药物的药剂匣，药物给送器及药剂匣相互连接后通过两者之间的信息验证实现锁定，锁定后的药物给送装置将锁定信号传送给云端的信息服务器更新其状态；若药物给送器与药剂匣之间的信息验证不匹配，则药物给送装置暂停使用，并将不匹配信息发送至信息服务器。
上述步骤(3)在完成患者给药后，给药装置将给药信息，包括但不限于给药时间、给药剂量上传信息服务器，从而实现对给患者给药情况的信息更新，便于监管者了解药物使用及医务人员了解患者病情的状况。
在整个网络监控过程中，信息服务器与药物给送装置之间实时通过网络进行应答信息交换,如果药物给送装置出现长期的应答中断，则信息服务器会发出报警信息并报告监管者。
上述方法中所采用的药物给送装置包括药物给送器及与之匹配的承装有药物的药剂匣，两者均具有自身状态监控功能，当感知其处于受力破坏状态下，启动自毁操作，并将相关信息发送信息服务器，信息服务器向监控终端发出报警信号；该药物给送装置的网络数据通讯功能保证了药物的使用始终处于监控之下，任何非法的操作都不能被允许，实现了管控药物的安全使用。
使用监控终端对药物的使用进行监控的监控者包括但不限于政府药品监控部门、医院及药物研发机构。监控者使用任一终端，通过验证后即可以登录信息服务器获得药物和病患者药物使用状态信息。
为高效利用给药装置，同一药物给送装置可供多位患者同时使用时，此时在信息服务器上注册的信息为该给药装置和相应多位患者身份信息相对应的信息列表。
本申请所提出的药物使用中的网络监控系统及方法借助互联网技术、生物识别技术及物连网技术构建完成一个管控药物监控的生态体系，通过该生态体系不仅减轻了癌症晚期患者的发病中的剧烈痛苦，而且完善了现有药物监控的缺陷，特别时针对一类麻醉精神药品实现了真正意义上的使用监控，降低了此类药物在使用过程中非法情况的发生，是药物监控技术上的一项重大改进。
图1为申请的网络监控系统结构原理图。
为便于对本申请技术方案的清楚理解，现结合附图对该监控系统和监控过程进行详细描述。如图1所示，在网络上构建一个用于本监控系统的网络云，位于云端根据需要架构多台信息服务器，该信息服务器用于存储患者身份信息及其使用的药物信息，信息服务器之间通过网络实现数据的同步和更新，不同的监管者可以从通过云从不同信息服务器获得药物使用的状态信息，不同权限监管者还可以对整个系统执行不同的管控操纵。在云端网络上还连接于不同患者信息所对应的药物给送装置，这些药物给送装置被患者携带至不同位置和区域使用，患者使用该药物给送装置进行药物使用，该装置通过网络与位于云端的信息服务器实时进行数据交换并实现药物给送装置的状态监控；在云端网络上还连接信息录入及识别装置，该装置通常分布在各个医院，当药剂师首次分发药物时录入及识别患者信息并将录入的信息通过网络上传至位于云端的信息服务器进行储存。为保证药物数据的实时更新，位于云端的信息服务器和HIS系统(医院管理和医疗活动中进行信息管理和联机操作的计算机管理系统)进行网络数据交换；任何更新后的药物使用情况都同时在HIS系统中进行在线更新，保证了HIS中数据的实时性，即HIS系统也通过网络接入了本监控系统的网络云中。本监控系统中的信息录入及识别装置是在患者首次开药时用来录入身份信息的装置，其录入信息不仅包括患者的身份证件信息，而且还包括 指纹、虹膜、人体DNA及面部图像信息；该装置也可以附加录入患者授权的用于协助其拿去药物的其他人信息。上述的药物给送装置是本申请技术方案中的核心部件，其包括药物给送器及与之匹配的承载药物的药剂匣，药物给送器及药剂匣相互连接后通过两者之间的信息验证实现锁定，锁定后的药物给送装置将锁定信号传送给云端的信息服务器更新其状态；若药物给送器与药剂匣之间的信息验证不匹配，则药物给送装置暂停使用，并将不匹配信息发送至信息服务器。在网络环境中，药物给送装置与本系统的云端通过无线或移动网络接入，并且其还具备定位模块，监控者通过网络可以实时确定其位置，并在权限允许的情况下，设定其正常工作的位置区域，从而保证了使用的安全性。上述药物给送器及药剂匣相互连接实现锁定的验证信息可以通过网络在信息服务器验证，也可以是将相关信息通过云端下载至该装置上，通过相互之间的本地验证进行锁定。
本申请的药物给送装置有一个显著的结构特点就是自毁装置，该系统用于监控管制类药物时，如果药物给送装置与信息服务器的实时通讯发生长期中断或药物给送装置探测到自身发生暴力拆解状态时，则自毁装置启动，对其内部的药物自动销毁失效，这样就保证管制类药物不会被滥用，发生违法情况。
上述药物使用中的网络监控系统采用的监控方法步骤如下：(1)信息录入及存储，药剂师首次派发药物时通过信息录入及识别装置获取用药患者身份信息及其使用的药物信息，并将该信息通过网络传输至网络云端的信息服务器；
(2)药物领取中的身份信息核对，药物使用者或药物领取人在领取药物时输入个人身份信息，该身份信息经与信息服务器中的录入信息进行核对一致后由药剂师派发药物及与之对应的药物给送装置；
(3)药物使用中身份信息核对，患者进行药物使用时首先通过药物给送装置获取使用者的身份信息并与信息服务器或药物给送装置本地存储的使用者身份信息进行核对，核对一致后，药物给送装置实施给药操作；如果验证不一致，则禁止给药，并通过信息服务器向监控终端发出报警信 息。
上述方法步骤中，信息录入及识别装置获取的患者信息包括但不限于患者的生物信息，即指纹、虹膜、人体DNA及面部图像。这些信息在患者用药时被药物给送装置采集，通过网络与信息服务器中的信息进行对比，或与其本地从信息服务器下载的信息进行比对，只有在一致时，才能开始正常用药，否则将不进行给药操作。
上述方法中还能够利用客户端进行整个系统的控制，根据监管人员的不同权限，其具备不同的管控能力。
本申请所描述的系统和方法，通过网络技术，结合用药装置的身份识别和验证能够对的使用实现在线监控和管理，不仅完善了现有药品管理中的缺陷也方便了患者药物使用，特别是针对属于管控类药物的麻醉药、精神病药物、放射性药物通过监控使用状态降低了药物被滥用、违法使用的风险，构建了完善了药物监控生态体系。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明实质内容上所作的任何修改、等同替换和简单改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (23)
- 一种药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，该系统包括如下部分：架构在网络云端的信息服务器，该信息服务器用于存储患者身份信息及其使用的药物信息；药物给送装置，患者使用该药物给送装置进行药物使用，该装置通过网络与位于云端的信息服务器实时进行数据交换，实现与患者信息的匹配和验证，达到药物给送装置的状态监控和管理；信息录入及识别装置，该装置用于药剂师首次分发药物时录入及识别患者信息并将录入的信息通过网络上传至位于云端的信息服务器进行储存。
- 根据权利要求1所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，架构在网络云端的信息服务器是由不少于一台服务器构建而成的服务器组，每台服务器独立从网络云端获取信息，服务器之间实时通过网络进行信息同步和备份。
- 根据权利要求1所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，位于云端的信息服务器和HIS系统(医院管理和医疗活动中进行信息管理和联机操作的计算机管理系统)及药物给送装置进行网络数据交换并实现医生处方开据管理。
- 根据权利要求1所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，信息录入及识别装置所录入的信息包括但不限于患者的生物身份信息，这里的生物身份信息包括但不限于指纹、虹膜、人体DNA及面部图像信息。
- 据权利要求1所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，药物给送装置通过无线方式进行数据信息传输，包括但不限于WIFI、移动通讯、无线蓝牙或Zigbee方式。
- 根据权利要求1所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，药物给送装置包括药物给送器及与之匹配的承载药物的药剂匣，药物给送器及药剂匣相互连接后通过两者之间的信息验证实现锁定，锁定后的药物 给送装置将锁定信号传送给云端的信息服务器更新其状态；若药物给送器与药剂匣之间的信息验证不匹配，则药物给送装置暂停使用，并将不匹配信息发送至信息服务器。
- 根据权利要求6所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，药物给送装置安装有定位模块，能够将其位置信息实时上传至信息服务器。
- 根据权利要求6所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，药物给送器及药剂匣相互连接实现锁定的验证信息是通过云端下载至该装置上的患者信息。
- 根据权利要求1或6所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，该系统用于监控管制类药物时，该药物给送装置还具备自毁装置，当药物给送装置与信息服务器的实时通讯发生长期中断或药物给送装置探测到自身发生暴力拆解状态时，则自毁装置启动，对其内部的药物或药物给送装置自动销毁失效。
- 根据权利要求1所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，该系统还包括与云端的信息服务器相连接的监控终端，监管者通过监控终端获得管控药物的使用状态信息并对整个网络监控系统通过命令予以控制。
- 根据权利要求10所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统，其特征在于，监管者可以通过客户端对给药装置使用的有效区域、范围进行设定。
- 权利要求1所述的药物使用中的网络监控系统的应用，特征在于，该网络监控系统用于针对管制类药物的监控。
- 一种药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，该方法包括如下步骤：(1)信息录入及存储，药剂师首次派发药物时通过信息录入及识别装置获取用药患者身份信息及其使用的药物信息，并将该信息通过网络传输至网络云端的信息服务器；(2)药物领取中的身份信息核对，药物使用者或药物领取人在领取药 物时输入个人身份信息，该身份信息经与信息服务器中的录入信息进行核对一致后由药剂师派发药物及与之对应的药物给送装置；(3)药物使用中身份信息核对及管控，患者进行药物使用时首先通过药物给送装置获取使用者的身份信息并与信息服务器或药物给送装置本地存储的使用者身份信息进行核对，核对一致后，药物给送装置实施给药操作；如果验证不一致，则禁止给药，并通过信息服务器向监控终端发出报警信息。
- 根据权利要求13所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中在录入患者信息的基础上还可以补充录入由患者授权的取药者身份信息。
- 根据权利要求13或14所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中录入的身份信息及其使用的药物信息是相匹配的，这里的身份信息包括但不限于指纹、虹膜、人体DNA及面部图像等生物信息。
- 根据权利要求13或14所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中药物信息包括但不限于与患者病情相匹配的药物种类、剂量、用药时间信息。
- 根据权利要求13所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，网络云端的信息服务器与HIS系统(医院管理和医疗活动中进行信息管理和联机操作的计算机管理系统)进行网络数据交换。
- 根据权利要求13所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)在完成患者给药后，药物给送装置将给药信息，包括但不限于给药时间、给药剂量、给药时的位置信息上传信息服务器。
- 根据权利要求13所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，在整个网络监控过程中，信息服务器与药物给送装置之间实时通过网络进行应答信息交换。
- 根据权利要求13所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，药物给送装置包括药物给送器及与之匹配的承载药物的药剂匣，药物给送器及药剂匣相互连接后通过两者之间的信息验证实现锁定，锁定后的药物 给送装置将锁定信号传送给云端的信息服务器更新其状态；若药物给送器与药剂匣之间的信息验证不匹配，则药物给送装置暂停使用，并将不匹配信息发送至信息服务器。
- 根据权利要求13所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，使用监控终端的监控者包括但不限于政府药品监控部门、医院及药物研发机构。
- 根据权利要求13或20所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法，其特征在于，当同一药物给送装置供多位患者同时使用时，在信息服务器上注册的信息为该药物给送装置和相应多位患者身份信息相对应的信息列表。
- 权利要求13所述的药物使用中的网络监控方法用于进行管控类药物的监控。
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