WO2019229517A1

WO2019229517A1 - Shaft geothermal device

Info

Publication number: WO2019229517A1
Application number: PCT/IB2019/000439
Authority: WO
Inventors: Реджепмурад ИШАНКУЛИЕВ
Original assignee: Ishankuliyev Rejepmurad
Priority date: 2018-05-31
Filing date: 2019-05-23
Publication date: 2019-12-05

Abstract

A shaft geothermal device can be used for extracting geothermal energy from hydrothermal deposits. The shaft geothermal device comprises a body which is made of steel pipe, has a partially heat-insulated surface, a tightly closed bottom and a tightly closed top and is mounted in a mine shaft. To raise the rate of geothermal energy extraction, a high-boiling liquid organic heat-transfer agent is used, which circulates in a closed "heat-transfer agent tank - heat exchanger - heat-transfer agent tank" system. The shaft geothermal device makes it possible to extract geothermal energy from hydrothermal deposits without drawing steam, a steam-and-water mixture or brine to the surface of the ground; to maintain their volume and structure in the depths of hydrothermal deposits; to achieve stability and controllability of the energy extracted; to use hydrothermal deposits permanently irrespective of the flow of steam, steam-and-water mixture or brine therein; to simplify the construction of power plants operating on the basis of thermal energy from hydrothermal deposits; to fully eliminate harmful emissions into the environment; and to expand the areas of use of geothermal devices, for example geyser valleys, mud volcanoes, etc.

Description

MINING GEOTHERMAL DEVICE

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present invention relates to geothermal energy and can be used to remove the thermal energy of the Earth from hydrothermal deposits.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Currently, in high-temperature hydrothermal steam deposits, the direct method is used to extract the Earth’s thermal energy - using dry steam, in which steam naturally breaks out from the well under high pressure, and the indirect method is using water vapor from low-temperature hydrothermal deposits, a steam-water mixture or brine, pumped out of wells. With these technologies, over the life of hydrothermal deposits, the resources of steam, steam-water mixture or brine in them decrease, as a result, the flow rate of steam, steam-water mixture or brine decreases, which determines the life of hydrothermal deposits.

As the practice of operating GeoTES and heat supply systems shows, in most cases the use of natural heat carriers — steam, steam-water mixture or brine — for the removal of the Earth’s thermal energy, the environment is polluted, and the working surfaces of the equipment undergo corrosion and deposits, which ultimately leads to blockage of pipelines for coolants. All these factors do not allow the majority of hydrothermal deposits with significant heat resources to be used to extract the Earth’s thermal energy.

In modern geothermal energy, to eliminate the aforementioned phenomena, various methods have been developed and are used to remove the Earth’s thermal energy using artificial heat carriers. These methods are mainly used in the operation of low-temperature hydrothermal deposits. As artificial heat carriers pure water and various organic heat carriers or their mixtures in various combinations are used.

A characteristic representative of the above method of Earth heat extraction is a device for using geothermal energy to obtain mechanical energy proposed in patent Ru 2330219. The Earth heat removal circuit of the device in question consists of a hermetically sealed lowering pipe located in the well. Inside the lowering pipe, a lifting pipe is coaxially located, the outer side of which has a heat-insulating layer. The riser pipe is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger output through the valve is connected to the inlet of the circulation pump. The output of the heat exchanger circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the downpipe. Thus, in a closed system, the coolant circulates in the device. Pure water is used as a heat carrier.

The disadvantage of this device is that in it the circulation of the coolant is carried out by the comprehensive movement of the mass of the coolant. This does not allow the coolant to be in the heating zone for sufficient time to remove the heat of the Earth. The use of clean water as a coolant in this device also does not allow it to be heated above the boiling point of water, and the absence of thermal insulation in the upper part of the lowering pipe located in the low-temperature layers of the Earth leads to loss of thermal energy, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the device. Forced circulation of the coolant by pumping it into the downcomer due to the occurrence of significant volumetric backpressure of the coolant leads to energy losses for the drive of the circulation pump.

In most geothermal devices with artificial coolants, a similar closed loop of the coolant circulation is used.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The basis of the invention is the task of creating a fundamentally new type of geothermal device - mine geothermal device. A heat carrier pool is created in the device, and high-boiling organic liquids (glycerin, alkyl diphenyls, polyphenyls, eutectic hydrocarbons, etc.) are used as the heat carrier.

Significant changes in the proposed mine geothermal device compared to existing geothermal devices allow:

- create the possibility of finding the coolant in the heating zone for a sufficient time to warm it to the temperature of the hydrothermal field zone, covering the coolant pool in the shaft;

- effective removal of the Earth’s thermal energy by heating the coolant to 100 ° C or more;

- removal of the Earth’s thermal energy from hydrothermal deposits with a small debit of steam, steam-water mixture or brine; - expansion of areas for the use of geothermal sources, for example, geyser valleys, mud volcanoes, etc.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In Fig. L shows an example of the use of a mine geothermal device in the generation of electrical energy from a GeoTES with a binary cycle.

Figure 2 shows a General view of the shaft shaft of a geothermal device.

Fig. 3 shows a general view of the shutter.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrating an embodiment.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows an example of the use of a mine geothermal device in the generation of electrical energy from a geo-TPP with a binary cycle.

A mine shaft 3 of a geothermal device with a diameter of at least 1.6 meters is installed in a mine of a hydrothermal field (Fig. 1). The casing consists of a steel pipe 2 and the top cover 9. Its surface in contact with the soil to the level of the heating zone - the upper edge of the pool has a heat-insulated layer 3. This layer prevents the loss of thermal energy of the coolant accumulated by the pool due to the contact of the shaft shaft housing 3 with low-temperature layers soil (figure 2).

In the lower part of the housing, a welding belt 1 is fastened in the form of a ring (Fig. 2). The top cover 4 protects the housing from foreign objects from entering it from the outside. It has an opening 5 for the removal of steam and gas forming during operation from the housing, openings for the supply pipe 8, return pipe 12 and cable for lowering and raising the shutter 7 (figure 2).

To enter the geothermal device into a working state, a shutter 2 is installed inside the shaft 3 (Fig. 1), attached with a cable to a device for lowering and raising the shutter, which is connected to the hook 7 (Fig. 3). The shutter consists of a base 2 and a cover 3. On the base there is a drainage hole 6, sealing gaskets 1 and 4, and guide racks 9 are also attached to it. On the cover 3 there is a sealing gasket 5 and drainage holes 8 (Fig. 3).

The shutter has I and II positions (Fig.Z). I position corresponds to lowering and, if necessary, raising the shutter. The shutter 2 using a cable 6 lowers to the bottom of the shaft shaft 3 (figure 1). When the shutter 2 moves downward, liquids and gas located in the shaft 3 (Fig. 1) pass through its drainage hole 6 on the base 2 and the drainage holes 8 on the cover 3. Thus, they do not impede the shutter downward movement.

II position corresponds to the hermetic closing of the bottom of the shaft with a shutter. Under the influence of gravity, the surface of the base 2 with the sealing gasket 1 (Fig. 3) is pressed against the surface of the belt 1 on the housing (Fig. 1), and the cover 3 with the sealing gasket 5 is pressed against the surface of the base 2 and the sealing gaskets 4 on the base of the cover. This ensures a tight connection of the shutter with the belt of the housing, and the cover 3 with the base 2 of the shutter (Fig.Z).

The tightness of the bottom of the shaft does not allow further penetration into the pool of the coolant 5 steam, steam-water mixture, brine or gas from the surrounding space into the cavity of the shaft 3 and their mixing with the coolant, and also prevents leakage of the coolant from the pool 5 (Fig. 1). After installing the shutter 2 in the shaft shaft housing 3 (Fig. 1), its internal cavity is freed from the liquids present in it. Then, a high-boiling liquid organic coolant is poured into it to the upper edge of the pool. The amount of coolant depends on the volume of the pool, pipes and equipment spaces filled during operation of the entire power plant.

The location level of the upper edge of the coolant pool 5 is determined by the depth of the geothermal fluid 4 providing heating of the coolant to the required operating temperature, and the depth and diameter of the coolant pool 5 depend on the temperature and thermal conductivity of the surrounding environment of the pool and the required thermal energy productivity (Fig. 1).

Heating of the coolant pool 5 occurs from its direct contact with the steel body of the shaft shaft 3 heated by geothermal fluid 4. The heated coolant through the supply pipe 8, the end of which is located at a depth of 10 m of the coolant pool 5, is pumped out of the pool by the pump 13 into the heat exchanger 14. Here transfer of thermal energy of the coolant to the working fluid, the vapors of which are supplied to the turbine 16 for generating electric energy by the generator 15 (Fig. 1).

After the transfer of thermal energy, the coolant from the heat exchanger 14 through the return pipe 12 is gravity-discharged into the coolant pool 5. The end of the return pipe 12 is 1 m above the coolant pool 5 (Fig. 1).

A geothermal installation with a binary cycle, consisting of a heat exchanger 14, a turbine 16, a generator 15, a condenser 17, a pump 18 and a network of pipelines operates in a closed circuit (Fig. 1).

As follows from the above, the proposed design of the mine geothermal device allows you to remove the thermal energy of the Earth removing steam, steam-water mixture or brine to the surface of the earth. This allows you to maintain a constant volume and structure of steam, steam-water mixture or brine, which are heat carriers of the thermal energy of the bowels of hydrothermal deposits. In turn, they ensure the supply of constant thermal energy to the mine geothermal device and the unlimited operation of hydrothermal deposits.

Thus, the innovations of the proposed mine geothermal device make it possible to achieve stability and controllability of the produced heat from hydrothermal deposits and their unlimited operation without harming the environment by harmful emissions, as well as simplifying the design of Geothermal Power Plants and other power plants operating on thermal energy of hydrothermal deposits, reducing the cost of electrical energy for their maintenance and will contribute to a significant expansion of the scope of geothermal power industry.

Claims

Claim

1. Mine geothermal device for removing thermal energy of the Earth from hydrothermal deposits, comprising a ground-based heat exchange complex and a casing, characterized in that the casing, which is a steel pipe with a diameter of at least 1.6 m, with a partially insulated outer surface and a hermetically sealed bottom, installed in the shaft of a hydrothermal field.

2. Mine geothermal device characterized in that it provides for the use of high-boiling organic liquids (glycerin, alkyl diphenyls, polyphenyls, eutectic hydrocarbons, etc.), creating the possibility of removing the Earth's heat with greater intensity.

3. The mine geothermal device according to claim 1 and 2, further characterized in that a pool of liquid high boiling organic coolant is created in it, which makes it possible for the coolant to remain in the heating zone for sufficient time to warm it to the temperature of the hydrothermal field zone, covering the coolant pool in the mine shaft.

4. Mine geothermal device according to claim 1 and 2, further characterized in that the liquid high boiling organic coolant circulates through a closed system "heat carrier pool - heat exchanger - heat carrier pool."

5. Mine geothermal device according to claim 1 and 2, further characterized in that the liquid high-boiling organic coolant from the heat exchanger is without gravity dumped by gravity into the coolant pool.