WO2019228309A1 - 天线、无人飞行器的遥控器及无人飞行器 - Google Patents

天线、无人飞行器的遥控器及无人飞行器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019228309A1
WO2019228309A1 PCT/CN2019/088607 CN2019088607W WO2019228309A1 WO 2019228309 A1 WO2019228309 A1 WO 2019228309A1 CN 2019088607 W CN2019088607 W CN 2019088607W WO 2019228309 A1 WO2019228309 A1 WO 2019228309A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
antenna ground
radiating
ground portion
substrate
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/088607
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
向胜昭
孙忆业
孙雪峰
Original Assignee
深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2019228309A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019228309A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08CTRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna, a remote controller for an unmanned aerial vehicle, and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • UAV for short: UAV, which has the advantages of maneuverability, fast response, unmanned flight and so on.
  • Unmanned aerial vehicles are usually used in military and civilian fields, and they are widely used in meteorology, agriculture, exploration, photography, transportation, and entertainment.
  • the prior art unmanned aerial vehicle generally includes a fuselage and a remote controller used in conjunction with the fuselage.
  • the remote controller controls the take-off, attitude change, and landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • an antenna is provided on the remote controller, and signals are transmitted and received through the antenna, and signal transmission is performed with the airframe, thereby controlling the flight of the drone.
  • the antenna mainly includes a substrate, a radiating unit and an antenna ground unit provided on the substrate. The radiating unit and the antenna ground unit are fed through a coaxial line, and the entire radiating unit and the entire antenna ground unit are located on the same side of the substrate.
  • the entire radiating unit and antenna ground unit of the antenna of the prior art UAV remote control are all located on the same side of the substrate, the radiation efficiency of the antenna is low; and when the thickness of different locations of the substrate is inconsistent, As a result, the resonance frequency of the antenna is shifted, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced.
  • the present invention provides an antenna, a remote controller for an unmanned aerial vehicle, and an unmanned aerial vehicle to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
  • the present invention provides an antenna applicable to a remote controller of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the antenna includes:
  • a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other;
  • a first radiating unit comprising a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion electrically connected to each other, wherein the first radiating portion is provided on the first surface and the second radiating portion is provided on On the second surface, the lengths of the current paths of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are equal;
  • a first antenna ground unit comprising a first antenna ground portion and a second antenna ground portion electrically connected to each other, wherein the first antenna ground portion is disposed on the first surface, and the first antenna ground portion Two antenna ground portions are disposed on the second surface, and the current path lengths of the first antenna ground portion and the second antenna ground portion are equal;
  • the first radiating unit and the first antenna ground unit are fed through the coaxial line.
  • the antenna of the present invention by setting the first radiation unit as a first radiation portion and a second radiation portion that are electrically connected, and setting the first antenna ground unit as a first antenna ground portion and a second antenna ground portion that are electrically connected,
  • the first radiation portion and the first antenna ground portion are located on the first surface of the substrate, and the second radiation portion and the second antenna ground portion are located on the second surface of the substrate opposite to the first surface, that is, on both sides of the substrate
  • Both have radiating portions, that is, both sides of the substrate generate radiation, thereby greatly improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna; moreover, even in different thicknesses of the substrate at different positions during the production process, the substrates of the antenna of the present invention are opposite There are radiating portions and antenna ground portions on both sides, and the current path lengths of the first radiating portion located on the first surface of the substrate and the second radiating portion located on the second surface of the substrate are the same, The length of the current path between the antenna ground portion and the second antenna ground portion on the second surface of the substrate is equal,
  • it further includes a first through hole penetrating through the first radiation portion, the substrate, and the second radiation portion, and the first radiation portion and the second radiation portion are disposed on the first Connection of metal parts in through holes;
  • It also includes a second through hole penetrating through the first antenna ground portion, the substrate, and the second antenna ground portion.
  • the first antenna ground portion and the second antenna ground portion are disposed in the second The metal parts in the through hole are connected.
  • a first through hole is opened at the corresponding position of the first radiating portion, the substrate and the second radiating portion, and the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are connected together through a metal piece in the first through hole;
  • a second through hole is provided at the corresponding position of the ground, the substrate, and the second antenna ground. The first antenna ground and the second antenna ground are connected together through the metal parts in the second through hole, and the second antenna ground is connected through the through hole. The connection is convenient and reliable, and the appearance of the antenna is guaranteed.
  • the coaxial line is located on one side of the first surface, the first radiating portion and the first antenna ground portion are spaced apart, and an outer conductor of the coaxial line is located on the first antenna
  • One side of the ground portion is electrically connected to the ground portion of the first antenna
  • the inner conductor of the coaxial line extends to the first radiation portion and is electrically connected to the first radiation portion.
  • This arrangement is beneficial to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
  • the gap is greater than zero and less than one tenth of a wavelength
  • the wavelength is a wavelength of an electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna.
  • the performance of the antenna can be made better.
  • the gap is filled with a non-conductive medium.
  • the first antenna ground portion is provided with a through slot at a position corresponding to the coaxial line.
  • the projection of the central axis of the coaxial line in the through slot coincides with the central axis of the through slot.
  • the coaxial cable is routed at the center of the slot, and the antenna's radiation performance is optimal at this position.
  • the antenna further includes a second radiating unit and a second antenna ground unit provided on the substrate;
  • the second radiation unit includes a third radiation portion provided on the first surface and electrically connected to the first radiation portion, and a third radiation portion provided on the second surface and electrically connected to the second radiation portion.
  • a fourth radiating portion, and the third radiating portion and the fourth radiating portion are electrically connected, and the current path lengths of the third radiating portion and the fourth radiating portion are equal;
  • the second antenna ground unit includes a third antenna ground portion provided on the first surface and electrically connected to the first antenna ground portion, and a second antenna ground portion provided on the second surface.
  • the fourth antenna ground portion is electrically connected to the third antenna ground portion, and the third antenna ground portion and the fourth antenna ground portion are electrically connected, and the current path lengths of the third antenna ground portion and the fourth antenna ground portion are equal.
  • This arrangement allows the antenna to include not only the first radiating unit and the first antenna ground unit, but also the second radiating unit and the second antenna ground unit, so that the antenna can support two different working frequency bands, that is, the antenna can be used in Working in dual frequency bands improves antenna performance.
  • the third radiating portion is disposed at an end of the first radiating portion near the first antenna ground portion, and the third antenna radiating portion is provided near the first antenna ground portion.
  • the fourth radiating portion is disposed at an end of the second radiating portion near the second antenna ground portion, and the fourth antenna radiating portion is provided at the second antenna ground portion near the second radiating portion. The end.
  • the space of the substrate is effectively used, and the space occupancy is saved, so that the entire volume of the antenna does not need to be large, and the antenna is developed toward miniaturization, which can be applied to a small remote control .
  • the first radiation portion and the third radiation portion are integrally formed;
  • the first antenna ground portion and the third antenna ground portion are integrally formed;
  • the second radiation part and the fourth radiation part are integrally formed
  • the second antenna ground portion and the fourth antenna ground portion are integrally formed.
  • the outer contours of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are the same, and the outer contours of the first antenna ground portion and the second antenna ground portion are the same;
  • An outer contour of the third radiating portion and the fourth radiating portion are the same, and an outer contour of the third antenna ground portion and the fourth antenna ground portion are the same.
  • This setting further ensures the consistency of the length of the current path on the front and back of the antenna, thereby further ensuring that the electromagnetic waves on both sides of the antenna can resonate at the same resonant frequency, making the performance of the antenna more stable.
  • the antenna further includes a hollow housing, and the substrate, the first radiation unit, the first antenna ground unit, and the coaxial line are all located in an inner cavity of the housing, and the The housing has a channel through which the coaxial line can pass.
  • the present invention provides a remote controller for an unmanned aerial vehicle, which includes a casing and the antenna as described above mounted on the casing.
  • the first antenna ground unit of the antenna is set as the first and second radiation parts that are electrically connected, and the first antenna ground unit is set as the first antenna ground that is electrically connected.
  • the second antenna ground portion so that the first radiation portion and the first antenna ground portion are located on the first surface of the substrate, and the second radiation portion and the second antenna ground portion are located on the second surface of the substrate opposite to the first surface, That is to say, both sides of the substrate have radiating portions, that is, both sides of the substrate generate radiation, thereby greatly improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna; moreover, the thickness of different locations of the substrate is not uniform even during the production process.
  • the length of the current path of the first radiating portion on the first surface of the substrate and the second radiating portion on the second surface of the substrate exists. Equal, the current path length of the first antenna ground portion on the first surface of the substrate and the second antenna ground portion on the second surface of the substrate are equal, thereby ensuring that the electromagnetic waves on both sides of the antenna substrate can be at the same resonance frequency. Resonance, the resonance frequency of the antenna does not shift, greatly improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna, so that a signal transmitted between the remote control and the body of an unmanned aerial vehicle is more accurate and timely.
  • the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, including an airframe and a remote controller of the above-mentioned unmanned aerial vehicle used in conjunction with the airframe.
  • the first radiation unit of the remote control antenna provided with the unmanned aerial vehicle is set as the first radiation part and the second radiation part that are electrically connected
  • the first antenna ground unit is set as the first antenna that is electrically connected.
  • the path length is the same, and the current path length of the first antenna ground portion on the first surface of the substrate and the second antenna ground portion on the second surface of the substrate are the same, thereby ensuring that the electromagnetic waves on both sides of the antenna substrate can be the same.
  • the vibration frequency of the resonator, the resonance frequency of the antenna does not shift, greatly improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna, so that a signal transmitted between the remote control and the body of an unmanned aerial vehicle is more accurate and timely.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first surface of a substrate of an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second surface of a substrate of an antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Embodiment 3 is a side structural view of an antenna provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided with a casing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a directional view of an antenna provided on a horizontal plane and a vertical plane according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first surface of a substrate of an antenna provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second surface of a substrate of an antenna according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided with a casing according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a standing wave parameter diagram of an antenna provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a directional view of an antenna provided on a horizontal plane and a vertical plane according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a remote controller of an unmanned aerial vehicle provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a body of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms “left”, “right”, “vertical”, and “lateral” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and only It is to facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, structure and operation in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth”, etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth”, etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise specified and limited, for example, they may be fixed connections, or may be Disassembly connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • installation should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise specified and limited, for example, they may be fixed connections, or may be Disassembly connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood through specific situations.
  • the antenna of the present invention a remote controller of an unmanned aerial vehicle using the antenna, and an unmanned aerial vehicle will be described in detail through specific embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first surface of a substrate of an antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second surface of a substrate of an antenna provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a side structural view of an antenna provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the present invention provides an antenna. The antenna can be applied to the remote control of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the antenna 10 includes a substrate 1 and a first radiation unit and a first antenna ground unit provided on the substrate 1.
  • the first radiation unit and the first antenna ground unit are fed through a coaxial line 4.
  • the coaxial line 4 has an outer conductor 41, an inner conductor 42, and an insulating dielectric layer located between the outer conductor 41 and the inner conductor 42.
  • the inner conductor 42 (ie, the feeding end) of the coaxial line 4 and the first The radiating unit is connected, and the outer conductor 41 (ie, the ground terminal) of the coaxial line 4 is connected to the first antenna ground unit.
  • the substrate 1 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 opposite to each other.
  • the first radiating unit includes: a first radiating portion 21 and a second radiating portion 22, the first radiating portion 21 is provided on the first surface 11, the second radiating portion 22 is provided on the second surface 12, and the first radiating portion 21 It is electrically connected to the second radiating portion 22, and the current path lengths of the first radiating portion 21 and the second radiating portion 22 are equal.
  • the first antenna ground unit includes a first antenna ground portion 31 and a second antenna ground portion 32.
  • the first antenna ground portion 31 is provided on the first surface 11 and the second antenna ground portion 32 is provided on the second surface 12.
  • the second antenna ground portion 32 and the first antenna ground portion 31 are electrically connected, and the current path lengths of the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32 are equal.
  • the first surface 11 of the substrate 1 has a first radiating portion 21 and a first antenna ground portion 31, and the second surface 12 of the substrate 1 has a second radiating portion 22 and a second antenna ground portion 32, that is, A part of the first radiation unit is located on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1, another part of the first radiation unit is located on the second surface 12 of the substrate 1, and a portion of the first antenna ground unit is located on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1.
  • the other part of the antenna ground unit is located on the second surface 12 of the substrate 1, that is, both sides of the substrate 1 have a radiating portion and an antenna ground portion, and both sides of the substrate 1 can generate radiation, thereby greatly improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna 10. .
  • the entire radiating unit and the antenna ground unit are disposed on the same surface of the substrate. If the thicknesses of different locations of the substrate are not consistent during the production process, that is, when the thickness of the substrate is uneven, the resonance frequency of the antenna will occur. Offset, resulting in reduced antenna radiation efficiency. In this embodiment, even if the thickness of the substrate 1 is not uniform, since both sides of the substrate 1 in this embodiment have radiation portions and antenna ground portions, and the first radiation portion 21 is located on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1.
  • the length of the current path is the same as the length of the current path of the second radiating portion 22 on the second surface 12 of the substrate 1, and the length of the first antenna ground portion 31 on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1 and the second antenna ground portion 32 on the second surface 12 of the substrate 1
  • the lengths of the current paths are equal, thereby ensuring that electromagnetic waves on both sides of the antenna substrate can resonate at the same resonance frequency, so that the resonance frequency of the antenna 10 does not shift, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna 10.
  • the current paths of the first radiating part 21 and the second radiating part 22 are equal in length, and the current paths here are mainly along the edges of the first radiating unit, that is, , Along the edge of the first radiating portion 21 and the edge of the second radiating portion 22.
  • the lengths of the current paths of the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32 are the same.
  • the current paths here are mainly along the edges of the first antenna unit, that is, along the edges of the first antenna ground 31 and The edges of the two antenna ground portions 32.
  • the present invention is not limited to the specific path of the current, as long as the current path lengths of the first radiating part 21 and the second radiating part 22 can be ensured to be equal, and the first antenna ground part 31 and the second antenna ground part are guaranteed
  • the current path lengths of 32 may be equal.
  • the substrate 1 may be a printed circuit board (PCB), that is, the antenna 10 in this embodiment may be a PCB antenna.
  • the first radiation unit and the first antenna ground unit may be made of a metal (such as a copper sheet) on the substrate 1. Since the first radiation unit and the first antenna ground unit are distributed on the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 of the substrate 1, it is equivalent to having metal on the front and back surfaces of the substrate 1, thereby reducing the radiation loss of the substrate 1 and improving The performance of the antenna.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment can be specifically applied to a remote controller of an unmanned aerial vehicle. It can be understood that the remote controller is used in conjunction with the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and transmits and receives signals through the antenna 10, thereby realizing the remote controller and the unmanned aerial vehicle. Communication between aircraft bodies. It should be noted that the antenna 10 can also be applied to other devices that need to transmit and receive signals.
  • the first antenna ground unit is set as the first antenna ground portion 31 and the first electrically connected portion.
  • Two antenna ground portions 32 such that the first radiation portion 21 and the first antenna ground portion 31 are located on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1, and the second radiation portion 22 and the second antenna ground portions 32 are located on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1
  • the second surface 12 opposite to each other, that is, both sides of the substrate 1 have radiating portions, that is, both sides of the substrate 1 generate radiation, thereby greatly improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna 10; moreover, even in the production process
  • the thicknesses of the different positions of the middle substrate 1 are inconsistent.
  • the antenna substrate 1 of this embodiment Since two opposite sides of the antenna substrate 1 of this embodiment have radiating portions and antenna ground portions, and the first radiating portions 21 and The length of the current path of the second radiating portion 22 on the second surface 12 of the substrate is equal, and the length of the current path of the first antenna ground portion 31 on the first surface 11 of the substrate and the second antenna ground portion 32 on the second surface 12 of the substrate are equal.
  • the resonance frequency of the antenna does not shift, thereby greatly improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna 10.
  • the coaxial line 4 can be located on one side of the first surface 11 of the substrate 1. It can be understood that the first radiating portion 21 and the first antenna ground portion 31 are spaced apart, and the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial line 4 is located on one side of the first antenna ground portion 31 and is electrically connected to the first antenna ground portion 31.
  • the inner conductor 42 on the same axis 4 extends to the first radiating portion 21 and is electrically connected to the first radiating portion 21. Since the second radiating portion 22 is electrically connected to the first radiating portion 21, that is, the second radiating portion 22 is electrically connected to the inner conductor 42 of the coaxial line 4.
  • the second antenna ground portion 32 is electrically connected to the first antenna ground portion 31, that is, the second antenna ground portion 32 is electrically connected to the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial line 4, so that the first radiation unit and the first antenna ground unit pass through. Co-axial 4 feeds.
  • the first antenna ground portion 31 is disposed on the left half of the first surface 11 of the substrate 1, and the first radiation portion 21 is disposed on the right half of the first surface 11 of the substrate 1. unit.
  • the second antenna ground portion 32 is provided on the left half of the second surface 12 of the substrate 1, and the second radiation portion 22 is provided on the right half of the second surface 12 of the substrate 1.
  • the two positions can also be interchanged, as long as the positions of the first radiating portion 21 and the second radiating portion 22 are ensured to correspond, and the positions of the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32 may be corresponding. Referring to FIGS.
  • a pad 43 is provided at an end of the first antenna ground portion 31 near the first radiating portion 21, and the first antenna ground portion 31 and the coaxial line 4 pass through the pad 43.
  • the outer conductors 41 are welded together;
  • a pad 44 is provided at an end of the first radiating portion 21 near the first antenna ground portion 31, and the first radiating portion 21 is welded to the inner conductor 42 of the coaxial line 4 through the pad 44 together.
  • the coaxial line 4 may also be located on one side of the second surface 12 of the substrate 1, and the above-mentioned functions may also be implemented.
  • the antenna 10 further includes a first through hole 20 penetrating the first radiation portion 21, the substrate 1, and the second radiation portion 22.
  • the portion 21 and the second radiating portion 22 are connected by a metal member provided in the first through hole 20.
  • the antenna 10 also has a second through hole 30 penetrating through the first antenna ground portion 31, the substrate 1, and the second antenna ground portion 32.
  • the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32 are provided in the second The metal parts in the through hole 30 are connected. That is, the first radiating portion 21 and the second radiating portion 22 and the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32 are all connected through a through hole.
  • the metal part may also be a metal wire or a metal wire passing through the first through hole 20 and the second through hole 30.
  • first through holes 20 there may be multiple first through holes 20.
  • multiple first through holes 20 may be arranged at intervals along the edges of the first radiation portion 21 and the second radiation portion 22.
  • the plurality of second through holes 30 may be arranged at intervals along the edges of the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32. Since the antenna 10 is working, the path of the current on the front and the back of the antenna 10 runs along the edges of the first radiation unit and the first antenna ground unit.
  • the second through holes 30 are arranged along the edge of the ground unit of the first antenna, thereby ensuring the direction of the current.
  • the number of the first through-holes 20 and the second through-holes 30 is not limited by the present invention, as long as at least a sufficient number of first through-holes are provided near the feeding end of the coaxial line 4 (near the right end of the inner conductor in FIG. 1).
  • the holes 20 may have a sufficient number of second through holes 30 near the ground end of the coaxial line 4 (near the right end of the outer conductor in FIG. 1).
  • the outer contours of the first radiating portion 21 and the second radiating portion 22 can be the same, and the outer contours of the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32 are the same, that is, the front and back sides of the antenna 10 are further ensured.
  • the consistency of the current path length further ensures that the electromagnetic waves on both sides of the antenna 10 can resonate at the same resonance frequency, which makes the performance of the antenna 10 more stable and facilitates the manufacture of the antenna.
  • the outer contours of the first radiating portion 21 and the second radiating portion 22 may not be completely consistent, and the outer contours of the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32 may not be completely consistent. As long as the current path lengths of the first radiating portion 21 and the second radiating portion 22 can be guaranteed to be equal, the current path lengths of the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32 can be equal.
  • the gap 40 may be set to a wavelength greater than zero and less than one tenth, which is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna 10. It can be understood that different frequencies have different wavelengths. The corresponding wavelength can be calculated according to the frequency, and then the specific size of the gap 40 can be set according to the wavelength. By setting the size of the gap 40 between the coaxial line 4 and the first surface 11 of the substrate 1 within this range, the performance of the antenna 10 can be made better.
  • the substance in the gap 40 is air, that is, there is no filler in the gap 40.
  • the gap 40 may also be filled with a non-conductive medium, so that the gap 40 between the coaxial line 4 and the substrate 1 is maintained at a fixed distance.
  • the medium may be foam, of course, or other The medium having a low dielectric constant is not limited thereto.
  • a through slot 311 may be provided at a position corresponding to the coaxial line 4 of the first antenna ground portion 31, that is, the through slot 311 runs through the first The body of an antenna ground 31.
  • the projection of the central axis of the coaxial line 4 in the through groove 311 coincides with the central axis of the through groove 311. That is, the routing of the coaxial line 4 is at the center position of the through slot 311, and the radiation performance of the antenna 10 is the best at this position.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment can work at 2.28 GHz to 2.7 GHz, and the bandwidth is 420 MHz, which can meet the coverage of the commonly used 2.4 GHz frequency band.
  • FIG. 5 is a directional diagram of the antenna provided in the first embodiment of the present invention on a horizontal plane and a vertical plane. Referring to FIG. 5, the antenna 10 of this embodiment is at 2.4 GHz, and the horizontal direction (H-plane) can still maintain omnidirectional, and the vertical direction (E-plane) gain is large, that is, the antenna 10 is at 2.4 GHz can achieve omnidirectional coverage.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment is specifically formed as a dipole antenna.
  • it may also be a monopole antenna.
  • the left half of the first surface 11 and the left half of the second surface 12 of the substrate 1 may be filled. Copper sheet.
  • it can be an inverted-F antenna and so on.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided with a casing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment further includes a hollow casing 9.
  • the substrate 1, the first radiation unit, the first antenna ground unit, and the coaxial line 4 are all located in the inner cavity of the housing 9, and the housing 9 has a passage through which the coaxial line 4 can pass.
  • the antenna 10 is effectively protected.
  • the casing 9 specifically includes a lower casing 91 and an upper cover 92 detachably connected above the lower casing 91.
  • the upper cover 92 and the lower casing 91 together form a cavity, so that the casing 9 forms a hollow structure.
  • it further includes a positioning structure for fixing the substrate 1 in the housing 9, and the positioning structure may specifically include: a positioning notch 13 provided on an edge of the substrate 1 and a snap-in hole provided in the inner cavity of the housing 9.
  • the antenna 10 When the antenna 10 is applied to a remote control of an unmanned aerial vehicle, the antenna 10 is specifically installed on the main body of the remote control.
  • the remote control has a radio frequency board, and the radio frequency board has a radio frequency interface. One end is connected to the radio frequency interface, so as to realize the signal transmission between the remote controller and the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first surface of a substrate of an antenna provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second surface of a substrate of an antenna provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 6 and FIG. 7, this embodiment provides an antenna 10 with another structure. This embodiment further adds a second radiating unit and a second antenna ground unit to the substrate 1 on the basis of the antenna provided in the first embodiment. .
  • the second radiating unit includes a third radiating portion 51 provided on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1 and electrically connected to the first radiating portion 21, and a second radiating portion provided on the second surface 12 of the substrate 1.
  • the fourth radiating portion 52 is electrically connected to the portion 22, and the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion 52 are electrically connected.
  • the lengths of the current paths of the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion 52 are equal.
  • the second antenna ground unit specifically includes a third antenna ground portion 61 provided on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1 and electrically connected to the first antenna ground portion 31, and a second antenna ground portion provided on the second surface 12 of the substrate 1 and a second antenna ground portion 61.
  • the fourth antenna ground portion 62 is electrically connected to the antenna ground portion 32, and the third antenna ground portion 61 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 are electrically connected.
  • the current path lengths of the third antenna ground portion 61 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 are equal.
  • the third radiating portion 51 is electrically connected to the first radiating portion 21, and the fourth radiating portion 52 and the second radiating portion 22
  • the third antenna ground portion 61 is electrically connected to the first antenna ground portion 31, and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 is electrically connected to the second antenna ground portion 32. Therefore, the second radiation unit and the second antenna ground unit are coaxially connected. Line 4 is fed.
  • the lengths of the current paths of the third radiating part 51 and the fourth radiating part 52 are the same, and the current paths here are mainly along the edge of the second radiating unit, that is, along the edge of the third radiating part 51 and the fourth The edge of the radiating portion 52.
  • the lengths of the current paths of the third antenna ground portion 61 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 are the same.
  • the current paths here are mainly along the edge of the second antenna unit, that is, along the edges of the third antenna ground portion 61 and the first antenna ground portion 61. Edge of the four-antenna ground portion 62.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, as long as the current path lengths of the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion 52 can be ensured to be equal, and the current path lengths of the third antenna ground portion 61 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 are guaranteed Equal.
  • the antenna 10 provided in this embodiment includes not only the first radiating unit and the first antenna ground unit, but also the second radiating unit and the second antenna ground unit, so that the antenna 10 can support two different working frequency bands. That is, the antenna 10 can work in a dual frequency band, which greatly improves the performance of the antenna 10.
  • the third radiating portion 51 is specifically disposed at an end of the first radiating portion 21 near the first antenna ground portion 31, and the third antenna ground portion 61 is provided near the first radiating portion 31 of the first antenna ground portion 31 21's end.
  • the fourth radiating portion 52 is provided at an end of the second radiating portion 22 near the second antenna ground portion 32, and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 is provided at an end of the second antenna ground portion 32 near the second radiating portion 22.
  • the size of the first radiation portion 21 in the direction from the right edge of the substrate 1 to the middle portion of the substrate 1 can be gradually reduced, that is, the size of the first radiation portion 21 near the center of the substrate 1 is gradually reduced.
  • One end is a small end, and the end near the right edge of the substrate 1 is a large end.
  • the third radiating portion 51 is specifically disposed at the small end of the first radiating portion 21.
  • the size of the second radiating portion 22 in the direction from the right edge of the substrate 1 to the middle portion of the substrate 1 can be gradually reduced, that is, the end of the second radiating portion 22 near the center of the substrate 1 is a small end and close to the right edge of the substrate 1 One end is a large end, and the fourth radiating portion 52 is specifically disposed at the small end of the second radiating portion 22.
  • the size of the first antenna ground portion 31 in the direction from the left edge of the substrate 1 to the middle portion of the substrate 1 can be gradually reduced, that is, the end of the first antenna ground portion 31 near the center of the substrate 1 is a small end and is close to the substrate.
  • One end of the left edge is a large end, and the third antenna ground portion 61 is specifically disposed at the small end of the first antenna ground portion 31.
  • the size of the second antenna ground portion 32 in the direction from the left edge of the substrate 1 to the middle portion of the substrate 1 can be gradually reduced, that is, the end of the second antenna ground portion 32 near the center of the substrate 1 is a small end and is close to the substrate.
  • One end of the left edge is a large end, and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 is specifically disposed at the small end of the second antenna ground portion 32.
  • the existing space of the substrate 1 is effectively used, and the space occupancy is saved, so that the entire volume of the antenna 10 does not need to be large, and the antenna 10 is developed toward miniaturization, which can be applied.
  • the overall size of the substrate 1 of the antenna 10 of this embodiment may be set to 49.8 ⁇ 6.8 ⁇ 0.8 mm 3 .
  • the third radiating portion 51, the fourth radiating portion 52, the third antenna ground portion 61, and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 are U-shaped structures.
  • these four portions are also The structures may be L-shaped, which is not limited in the present invention. The specific shape may be combined with the size of the substrate 1 and the shapes of the first radiating portion 21, the second radiating portion 22, the first antenna ground portion 31, and the second antenna ground portion 32. Make settings.
  • the first radiating portion 21 and the third radiating portion 51 may be integrally formed, the first antenna ground portion 31 and the third antenna ground portion 61 are integrally formed, the second radiating portion 22 and the fourth radiating portion 52 are integrally formed, and the second antenna The ground portion 32 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 are integrally formed, which makes the production more convenient and the connection between them more reliable.
  • the corresponding parts may also be subsequently electrically connected together.
  • the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion 52, and the third antenna ground portion 61 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 may also be connected through the through holes in the first embodiment.
  • a part of the first through hole 20 penetrates the third radiating portion 51, the substrate 1, and the fourth radiating portion 52, and then the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion 52 realize electricity through a metal member located in the first through hole 20.
  • Part of the second through hole 30 penetrates the third antenna ground 61, the substrate 1 and the fourth antenna ground 62, and then the third antenna ground 61 and the fourth antenna ground 62 are realized by a metal piece located in the second through hole 30. Electrical connection.
  • a first through hole 20 is provided at the contact point, and at the contact point of the second radiating portion 22 and the fourth radiating portion 52.
  • a second through hole 30 is provided at a junction between the second antenna ground portion 32 and a fourth antenna ground portion 62.
  • the outer contours of the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion 52 can be the same, and the outer contours of the third antenna ground portion 61 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 are the same, that is, the front and back sides of the antenna 10 are further ensured.
  • the consistency of the current path length further ensures that the electromagnetic waves on both sides of the antenna 10 can resonate at the same resonance frequency, which makes the performance of the antenna 10 more stable and facilitates the manufacture of the antenna.
  • the outer contours of the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion 52 may not be completely consistent, and the outer contours of the third antenna ground portion 61 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 may not be completely consistent. As long as the current path lengths of the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion 52 can be guaranteed to be equal, the current path lengths of the third antenna ground portion 61 and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 can be equal.
  • FIG. 9 is a standing wave parameter diagram of an antenna provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment can specifically work at 2.28GHz to 2.7GHz and 5.57GHz to 6.21GHz, and the bandwidth is 420MHz and 640MHz, respectively, which can meet the commonly used Wi-Fi dual bands of 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz.
  • FIG. 10 is a directional diagram of the antenna provided on the horizontal plane and the vertical plane according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment is at 5.8 GHz, and the horizontal direction (H-plane) can still maintain omnidirectional, and the vertical direction (E-plane) gain is large, that is, the antenna 10 is at 5.8 GHz can achieve omnidirectional coverage.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment can achieve omnidirectional coverage at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna 10 and making the performance of the antenna 10 better.
  • the antenna 10 working at 2.4 GHz is mainly completed by the first radiating portion 21, the second radiating portion 22, the first antenna ground portion 31 and the second antenna ground portion 32, and the work at 5.8 GHz is mainly performed by the third radiating portion 51 and the fourth radiating portion.
  • the part 52, the third antenna ground part 61, and the fourth antenna ground part 62 are completed.
  • the first antenna ground portion 31 on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1 The current path length is the same as the current path length of the second antenna ground portion 32 on the second surface 12 of the substrate.
  • the lengths of the current paths are equal, and the lengths of the current paths of the third antenna ground portion 61 on the first surface 11 of the substrate and the fourth antenna ground portion 62 on the second surface of the substrate are equal. Therefore, in the 2.4 GHz band or in the 5, 8 GHz band
  • the electromagnetic waves on both sides of the substrate 1 of the antenna can resonate at the same resonance frequency, so that the resonance frequency of the antenna does not shift, thereby greatly improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided with a casing according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment further includes a hollow casing 9.
  • the substrate 1, the first radiation unit, the first antenna ground unit, the second antenna ground unit, the second antenna ground unit, and the coaxial line 4 are all located in the inner cavity of the housing 9, and the housing 9 has a coaxial line available for it. 4 passages through.
  • the specific structure of the casing 9 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and can achieve the same or similar technical effects, which will not be repeated here.
  • the antenna 10 of this embodiment can also be used for other wireless communication frequency bands, which can be achieved by changing the shape and size of the second radiation unit and the ground unit of the second antenna, or by further increasing the substrate 1 Radiation unit and antenna ground unit.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a remote controller of an unmanned aerial vehicle provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides a remote controller of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the remote controller 7 of the unmanned aerial vehicle is used to communicate with the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Flight speed, altitude, position and other information to control the take-off, flight attitude, direction, landing, etc. of the UAV.
  • the remote controller 7 may include a main body 71.
  • the main body 71 is provided with an antenna 10 and a handle 72 for holding by a user.
  • the remote controller 7 specifically transmits and receives signals through the antenna 10.
  • the antenna 10 on the remote control 7 of this embodiment has the same structure as the antenna 10 provided in the first or second embodiment, and can bring the same or similar technical effects, which are not repeated here one by one, and specific implementation can refer to the implementation Description of the first or second embodiment.
  • two antennas 10 are specifically provided.
  • the two antennas 10 are disposed at intervals on the main body 71 of the remote control 7.
  • One end of the antenna 10 is rotatably connected to the main body 71 of the remote control 7.
  • the antennas may be connected. 10 is retracted to the main body of the remote control 7 for convenient carrying or storage.
  • the antenna 10 may also be one or more than two.
  • a radio frequency board is provided in the main body 71 of the remote controller 7, and a radio frequency interface is provided on the radio frequency board.
  • the end of the coaxial cable 4 protruding from the casing 9 is electrically connected to the radio frequency interface.
  • the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle has an antenna, a flight controller, and a transmitting and receiving control unit.
  • the antenna on the body is electrically connected to the transceiver control unit, and communicates with the remote controller 7 under the control of the transceiver control unit.
  • the flight controller is connected to the transceiver control unit, and is used to control the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the control signal.
  • the remote control 7 when the remote control 7 needs to control the unmanned aerial vehicle, the remote control 7 sends a control signal to the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the antenna 10, and the antenna on the body receives the control signal sent by the remote control 7 under the control of the transceiver control unit.
  • the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle sends a feedback signal to the remote controller 7 through the antenna on the body.
  • the remote controller 7 when the remote controller 7 requires the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly 50 meters east from the current position within 1 minute, the remote controller 7 sends a signal to the unmanned aerial vehicle through the antenna 10, and the transceiver control unit controls the antenna of the body to receive the control signal.
  • the signal is then transmitted to the flight controller.
  • the flight controller parses the signal and obtains the command information for flying 50 meters east from the current position within 1 minute. Then the flight controller controls the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform corresponding actions. To make the UAV fly 50 meters east in 1 minute.
  • the radiation efficiency of the antenna 10 of the remote controller 7 in this embodiment is high, and the signal transmission between the remote controller 7 and the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle is more accurate and timely.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a body of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle includes a body 81 and a remote controller used in conjunction with the body 81, and the body 81 is controlled by the remote controller to fly.
  • the body 81 has an arm 82, and an end of the arm 82 may be provided with a power device.
  • the power device may specifically include a rotor (not shown in the figure) and a motor 83.
  • the motor 83 is used to drive the rotor to rotate. Human aircraft flying provides power.
  • the structure of the remote controller in this embodiment is the same as that of the remote controller 7 provided in the third embodiment, and can bring the same or similar technical effects, which will not be described one by one here. For details, refer to the description of the third embodiment.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种天线、无人飞行器的遥控器及无人飞行器,该天线可应用在无人飞行器的遥控器上,天线包括基板、同轴线、第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元;基板具有相背的第一面和第二面;第一辐射单元包括设置在第一面上的第一辐射部和设置在第二面上的与第一辐射部电连接的第二辐射部,第一辐射部和第二辐射部的电流路径长度相等;第一天线地单元包括设置在第一面上的第一天线地部和设置在第二面上的与第一天线地部电连接的第二天线地部,第一天线地部和第二天线地部的电流路径长度相等;第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元通过同轴线馈电,从而保证了天线基板两侧的电磁波能在同一谐振频率下谐振,提高了天线的辐射效率。

Description

天线、无人飞行器的遥控器及无人飞行器
相关申请交叉引用
申请要求于2018年5月30日申请的、申请号为201810541823.3、申请名称为“天线、无人飞行器的遥控器及无人飞行器”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及天线技术领域,尤其涉及一种天线、无人飞行器的遥控器及无人飞行器。
背景技术
随着科技的进步,无人飞行器受到了广泛的关注。
无人飞行器简称:无人机,其具有机动灵活、反应快速、无人飞行等优点。无人飞行器通常应用于军事领域和民用领域,具体在气象、农业、勘探、摄影、输运、娱乐等领域应用非常广泛。现有技术的无人飞行器通常包括:机体以及与机体配套使用的遥控器,通过遥控器控制无人飞行器的起飞、姿态改变、降落等。具体地,遥控器上具有天线,通过天线进行信号的收发,与机体进行信号传送,从而操纵无人机的飞行。其中,该天线主要包括基板、设置在基板上的辐射单元和天线地单元,辐射单元和天线地单元通过同轴线馈电,且整个辐射单元和整个天线地单元位于基板的同一侧。
然而,由于现有技术的无人机遥控器的天线的整个辐射单元和天线地单元全部位于基板的同一侧,导致该天线的辐射效率较低;而且,当基板不同位置的厚度不一致时,会导致天线的谐振频率偏移,进而导致天线辐射效率降低。
发明内容
为了解决背景技术中提到的至少一个问题,本发明提供一种天线、无人飞行器的遥控器及无人飞行器,以提高天线的辐射效率。
为了实现上述目的,第一方面,本发明提供一种天线,可应用在无人飞行器的遥控器上,所述天线包括:
基板,所述基板具有相背的第一面和第二面;
同轴线;
第一辐射单元,所述第一辐射单元包括相互电连接的第一辐射部和第二辐射部,其中所述第一辐射部设置在所述第一面上,所述第二辐射部设置在所述第二面上,所述第一辐射部和所述第二辐射部的电流路径长度相等;
第一天线地单元,所述第一天线地单元包括相互电连接的第一天线地部和第二天线地部,其中所述第一天线地部设置在所述第一面上,所述第二天线地部设置在所述第二面上,所述第一天线地部和所述第二天线地部的电流路径长度相等;
所述第一辐射单元和所述第一天线地单元通过所述同轴线馈电。
本发明的天线,通过将第一辐射单元设置为电连接的第一辐射部和第二辐射部,将第一天线地单元设置为电连接的第一天线地部和第二天线地部,使第一辐射部和第一天线地部位于基板的第一面,使第二辐射部和第二天线地部位于基板的与第一面相背的第二面上,也就是说,基板的两侧均具有辐射部,即,基板的两侧均产生辐射,从而大大提高了天线的辐射效率;而且,即使在生产过程中基板的不同位置的厚度不一致,由于本发明的天线的基板的相背的两个面上均有辐射部和天线地部存在,且位于基板第一面的第一辐射部和位于基板第二面的第二辐射部的电流路径长度相等,位于基板第一面的第一天线地部和位于基板第二面的第二天线地部的电流路径长度相等,从而保证了天线基板两侧的电磁波能够在同一谐振频率下谐振,使天线的谐振频率不会偏移,从而大大提高了天线的辐射效率。
可选的,还包括贯穿所述第一辐射部、所述基板和所述第二辐射部的第一通孔,所述第一辐射部和所述第二辐射部通过设置在所述第一通孔中的金属件连接;
还包括贯穿所述第一天线地部、所述基板和所述第二天线地部的第二通孔,所述第一天线地部和所述第二天线地部通过设置在所述第二通孔中的金属件连接。
通过在第一辐射部、基板和第二辐射部的对应位置开设第一通孔,通过 第一通孔中的金属件将第一辐射部和第二辐射部连接在一起;通过在第一天线地部、基板和第二天线地部的对应位置开设第二通孔,通过第二通孔中的金属件将第一天线地部和第二天线地部连接在一起,通过通孔相接的方式进行连接,连接方便、可靠,且保证了天线的美观度。
可选的,所述同轴线位于所述第一面的一侧,所述第一辐射部和所述第一天线地部间隔设置,所述同轴线的外导体位于所述第一天线地部的一侧,且与所述第一天线地部电连接,所述同轴线的内导体延伸至所述第一辐射部并与所述第一辐射部电连接。
可选的,所述同轴线与所述基板的第一面之间具有间隙。
这样设置有利于提高天线的辐射效率。
可选的,所述间隙大于零且小于十分之一波长,所述波长为所述天线发出的电磁波的波长。
通过将同轴线与基板的第一面之间的间隙的尺寸设置在该范围内,可使天线的性能更优。
可选的,所述间隙中填充有不导电介质。
可选的,所述第一天线地部的对应所述同轴线的位置开设有通槽。
通过在第一天线地部的对应同轴线的位置开设通槽,降低了同轴线走线对天线性能的影响,进一步提高了天线的辐射效率。
可选的,所述同轴线的中轴线在所述通槽中的投影与所述通槽的中轴线重合。
这样使得同轴线的走线在通槽的中心位置,在该位置时天线的辐射性能最佳。
可选的,所述天线还包括设置在所述基板上的第二辐射单元和第二天线地单元;
所述第二辐射单元包括设置在所述第一面上的与所述第一辐射部电连接的第三辐射部以及设置在所述第二面上的与所述第二辐射部电连接的第四辐射部,且所述第三辐射部和所述第四辐射部电连接,所述第三辐射部和所述第四辐射部的电流路径长度相等;
所述第二天线地单元包括设置在所述第一面上的与所述第一天线地部电连接的第三天线地部以及设置在所述第二面上的与所述第二天线地部电连接 的第四天线地部,且所述第三天线地部和所述第四天线地部电连接,所述第三天线地部和所述第四天线地部的电流路径长度相等。
这样设置使得该天线不仅包括第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元,还包括第二辐射单元和第二天线地单元,从而使该天线可支持两个不同的工作频段,即,使天线可在双频段下工作,提高了天线的性能。
可选的,所述第三辐射部设置在所述第一辐射部的靠近所述第一天线地部的一端,所述第三天线地部设置在所述第一天线地部的靠近所述第一辐射部的一端;
所述第四辐射部设置在所述第二辐射部的靠近所述第二天线地部的一端,所述第四天线地部设置在所述第二天线地部的靠近所述第二辐射部的一端。
这样设置在实现双频段的基础上,有效地利用了基板的空间,节省了空间占有率,使得天线的整个体积无需做的较大,使天线朝向小型化发展,进而能够适用于小型遥控器上。
可选的,所述第一辐射部和所述第三辐射部一体成型;
所述第一天线地部和所述第三天线地部一体成型;
所述第二辐射部和所述第四辐射部一体成型;
所述第二天线地部和所述第四天线地部一体成型。
这样使得制作更加方便,且相互之间的连接更加可靠。
可选的,所述第一辐射部和所述第二辐射部的外轮廓相同,所述第一天线地部和所述第二天线地部的外轮廓相同;
所述第三辐射部和所述第四辐射部的外轮廓相同,所述第三天线地部和所述第四天线地部的外轮廓相同。
这样设置进一步保证了天线正反面的电流路径长度的一致性,从而进一步保证了天线两侧的电磁波能够在同一个谐振频率下谐振,使天线的性能更加稳定。
可选的,所述天线还包括中空的外壳,所述基板、所述第一辐射单元、所述第一天线地单元和所述同轴线均位于所述外壳的内腔中,且所述外壳上具有可供所述同轴线穿出的通道。
第二方面,本发明提供一种无人飞行器的遥控器,包括壳体和安装在壳体上的如上所述的天线。
本发明的无人飞行器的遥控器,通过将其天线的第一辐射单元设置为电连接的第一辐射部和第二辐射部,将第一天线地单元设置为电连接的第一天线地部和第二天线地部,使第一辐射部和第一天线地部位于基板的第一面,使第二辐射部和第二天线地部位于基板的与第一面相背的第二面上,也就是说,基板的两侧均具有辐射部,即,基板的两侧均产生辐射,从而大大提高了天线的辐射效率;而且,即使在生产过程中基板的不同位置的厚度不一致,由于本发明的遥控器天线的基板的相背的两个面上均有辐射部和天线地部存在,且位于基板第一面的第一辐射部和位于基板第二面的第二辐射部的电流路径长度相等,位于基板第一面的第一天线地部和位于基板第二面的第二天线地部的电流路径长度相等,从而保证了天线基板两侧的电磁波能够在同一谐振频率下谐振,使天线的谐振频率不会偏移,大大提高了天线的辐射效率,从而使遥控器与无人飞行器的机体之间信号的传递更加准确、及时。
第三方面,本发明提供一种无人飞行器,包括机体以及与所述机体配套使用的如上所述的无人飞行器的遥控器。
本发明的无人飞行器,通过将与其配套的遥控器的天线的第一辐射单元设置为电连接的第一辐射部和第二辐射部,将第一天线地单元设置为电连接的第一天线地部和第二天线地部,使第一辐射部和第一天线地部位于基板的第一面,使第二辐射部和第二天线地部位于基板的与第一面相背的第二面上,也就是说,基板的两侧均具有辐射部,即,基板的两侧均产生辐射,从而大大提高了天线的辐射效率;而且,即使在生产过程中基板的不同位置的厚度不一致,由于本发明的遥控器天线的基板的相背的两个面上均有辐射部和天线地部存在,且位于基板第一面的第一辐射部和位于基板第二面的第二辐射部的电流路径长度相等,位于基板第一面的第一天线地部和位于基板第二面的第二天线地部的电流路径长度相等,从而保证了天线基板两侧的电磁波能够在同一谐振频率下谐振,使天线的谐振频率不会偏移,大大提高了天线的辐射效率,从而使遥控器与无人飞行器的机体之间信号的传递更加准确、及时。
本发明的构造以及它的其他目的及有益效果将会通过结合附图而对优选实施例的描述而更加明显易懂。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例一提供的天线的基板的第一面的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例一提供的天线的基板的第二面的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例一提供的天线的侧视结构图;
图4为本发明实施例一提供的天线设置有外壳时的结构示意图;
图5为本发明实施例一提供的天线在水平面和垂直面上的方向图;
图6为本发明实施例二提供的天线的基板的第一面的结构示意图;
图7为本发明实施例二提供的天线的基板的第二面的结构示意图;
图8为本发明实施例二提供的天线设置有外壳时的结构示意图;
图9为本发明实施例二提供的天线的驻波参数图;
图10为本发明实施例二提供的天线在水平面和垂直面上的方向图;
图11为本发明实施例三提供的无人飞行器的遥控器的结构示意图;
图12为本发明实施例四提供的无人飞行器的机体的结构示意图。
附图标记说明:
10—天线;1—基板;11—第一面;12—第二面;13—定位缺口;21—第一辐射部;22—第二辐射部;20—第一通孔;31—第一天线地部;32—第二天线地部;311—通槽;30—第二通孔;4—同轴线;41—外导体;42—内导体;43、44—焊盘;40—间隙;9—外壳;91—下壳;92—上盖;90—定位卡凸;51—第三辐射部;52—第四辐射部;61—第三天线地部;62—第四天线地部;7—遥控器;71—主体;72—手柄;81—机体;82—机臂;83—电机。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于 本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明创造的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“左”、“右”、“竖向”、“横向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明创造和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明创造的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”“第三”“第四”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”“第三”“第四”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本发明创造的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以通过具体情况理解上述术语在本发明创造中的具体含义。
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明的天线、应用该天线的无人飞行器的遥控器以及无人飞行器进行详细说明。
实施例一
图1为本发明实施例一提供的天线的基板的第一面的结构示意图。图2为本发明实施例一提供的天线的基板的第二面的结构示意图。图3为本发明实施例一提供的天线的侧视结构图。参照图1至图3所示,本发明提供一种天线。该天线可应用在无人飞行器的遥控器上。
该天线10包括:基板1以及设置在基板1上的第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元,第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元通过同轴线4馈电。具体地,同轴线4具有外导体41、内导体42以及位于外导体41和内导体42之间的绝缘介质层,其中,同轴线4的内导体42(即馈电端)与第一辐射单元相连,同轴线4的外导体41(即接地端)与第一天线地单元相连。
其中,基板1具有相背的第一面11和第二面12。第一辐射单元包括: 第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22,第一辐射部21设置在第一面11上,第二辐射部22设置在第二面12上,且第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22电连接,而且,第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的电流路径长度相等。第一天线地单元包括:第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32,第一天线地部31设置在第一面11上,第二天线地部32设置在第二面12上,且第二天线地部32和第一天线地部31电连接,而且,第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的电流路径长度相等。
可以理解的是,基板1的第一面11具有第一辐射部21和第一天线地部31,基板1的第二面12具有第二辐射部22和第二天线地部32,也就是说,第一辐射单元的一部分位于基板1的第一面11,第一辐射单元的另一部分位于基板1的第二面12,第一天线地单元的一部分位于基板1的第一面11,第一天线地单元的另一部分位于基板1的第二面12,即,基板1的两侧均具有辐射部和天线地部,基板1的两侧均能够产生辐射,从而大大提高了天线10的辐射效率。
在现有技术中,整个辐射单元和天线地单元均设置在基板的同一面上,在生产过程中若基板的不同位置的厚度不一致时,即,基板厚度不均匀时,天线的谐振频率会发生偏移,导致天线辐射效率降低。而在本实施例中,即使基板1的厚度不均匀,由于本实施例的基板1的两侧均有辐射部和天线地部存在,且位于基板1的第一面11的第一辐射部21和位于基板1第二面12的第二辐射部22的电流路径长度相等,位于基板1第一面11的第一天线地部31和位于基板1第二面12的第二天线地部32的电流路径长度相等,从而保证了天线基板两侧的电磁波能够在同一谐振频率下谐振,使天线10的谐振频率不会偏移,从而提高了天线10的辐射效率。
需要说明的是,参照图1和图2所示,上述的第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的电流路径长度相等,此处的电流路径主要是沿第一辐射单元的边沿走向,即,沿第一辐射部21的边沿和第二辐射部22的边沿。上述的第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的电流路径长度相等,此处的电流路径主要是沿第一天线单元的边沿走向,即,沿第一天线地部31的边沿和第二天线地部32的边沿。需要说明的是,对于电流的具体路径本发明并不限于此,只要能够保证第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的电流路径长度相等,保证第一天线 地部31和第二天线地部32的电流路径长度相等即可。
其中,基板1可以是印制电路板(Printed Circuit Board,简称PCB),也就是说,本实施例的天线10具体可以是PCB板天线。具体地,第一辐射单元、第一天线地单元可以由位于基板1上的金属(如铜片)制成。由于第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元分布在基板1的第一面11和第二面12,相当于基板1的正反面都有了金属,从而可以减小基板1对辐射的损耗,提高了天线的性能。
本实施例的天线10具体可应用在无人飞行器的遥控器上,可以理解的是,该遥控器与无人飞行器的机体配套使用,通过天线10进行信号的收发,从而实现遥控器与无人飞行器的机体之间的通信。需要说明的是,该天线10也可以应用在其他需要收发信号的装置上。
本实施例提供的天线10,通过将第一辐射单元设置为电连接的第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22,将第一天线地单元设置为电连接的第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32,使第一辐射部21和第一天线地部31位于基板1的第一面11,使第二辐射部22和第二天线地部32位于基板1的与第一面11相背的第二面12上,也就是说,基板1的两侧均具有辐射部,即,基板1的两侧均产生辐射,从而大大提高了天线10的辐射效率;而且,即使在生产过程中基板1的不同位置的厚度不一致,由于本实施例的天线基板1的相背的两个面上均有辐射部和天线地部存在,且位于基板第一面11的第一辐射部21和位于基板第二面12的第二辐射部22的电流路径长度相等,位于基板第一面11的第一天线地部31和位于基板第二面12的第二天线地部32的电流路径长度相等,从而保证了天线基板两侧的电磁波能够在同一谐振频率下谐振,使天线的谐振频率不会偏移,从而大大提高了天线10的辐射效率。
其中,可使同轴线4位于基板1的第一面11的一侧。可以理解的是,第一辐射部21和第一天线地部31间隔设置,同轴线4的外导体41位于第一天线地部31的一侧,且与第一天线地部31电连接。同轴线4的内导体42延伸至第一辐射部21并与第一辐射部21电连接。由于第二辐射部22与第一辐射部21电连接,即,第二辐射部22与同轴线4的内导体42电连接。由于第二天线地部32与第一天线地部31电连接,即,第二天线地部32与同轴线4的外导体41电连接,从而使第一辐射单元与第一天线地单元通过同轴线4馈电。
示例性的,如图1和图2所示,第一天线地部31设置在基板1的第一面11的左半部,第一辐射部21设置在基板1的第一面11的右半部。第二天线地部32设置在基板1的第二面12的左半部,第二辐射部22设置在基板1的第二面12的右半部。当然,两个的位置也可以互换,只要保证第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的位置对应,第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的位置对应即可。参照图1至图3,具体实现时,第一天线地部31的靠近第一辐射部21的一端处设置有焊盘43,第一天线地部31通过该焊盘43与同轴线4的外导体41焊接在一起;第一辐射部21的靠近第一天线地部31的一端处设置有焊盘44,第一辐射部21通过该焊盘44与同轴线4的内导体42焊接在一起。
需要说明的是,在其他实现方式中,同轴线4也可以位于基板1的第二面12的一侧,同样可实现上述功能。
参照图1和图2所示,在本实施例中,较为优选的,该天线10上还具有贯穿第一辐射部21、基板1和第二辐射部22的第一通孔20,第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22通过设置在该第一通孔20中的金属件连接。同时,该天线10上还具有贯穿第一天线地部31、基板1和第二天线地部32的第二通孔30,第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32通过设置在第二通孔30中的金属件连接。也就是说,第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22之间、第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32之间均通过通孔相接的方式连接。具体实现时,在将第一通孔20和第二通孔30开设好之后,向第一通孔20和第二通孔30中分别熔融金属,熔融后的金属固化冷却后即可将第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22电连接在一起,将第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32连接在一起。当然,金属件也可以为穿设在第一通孔20和第二通孔30中的金属丝或者金属线。
具体实现时,第一通孔20可以是多个,比如,多个第一通孔20可沿第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的边缘间隔排布。第二通孔30可以是多个,比如,多个第二通孔30可沿第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的边缘间隔排布。由于天线10在工作时,天线10正反面电流的路径是沿着第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元的边缘走向的,通过将第一通孔20沿着第一辐射单元的边缘排布,将第二通孔30沿着第一天线地单元的边缘排布,从而保证了电流的走向。
对于第一通孔20和第二通孔30的数量,本发明不作限定,只要至少保证在同轴线4的馈电端附近(图1中内导体的右端附近)有足够数量的第一通孔20、在同轴线4的接地端附近(图1中外导体的右端附近)有足够数量的第二通孔30即可。
较为优选的,可使第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的外轮廓相同,第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的外轮廓相同,即,进一步保证了天线10正反面的电流路径长度的一致性,从而进一步保证了天线10两侧的电磁波能够在同一谐振频率下谐振,使得天线10的性能更加稳定,而且方便天线制作。
当然,在其他实现方式中,也可以是,第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的外轮廓不完全一致,第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的外轮廓不完全一致,只要能够保证第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的电流路径长度相等,第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的电流路径长度相等即可。
在本实施例中,同轴线4与基板1的第一面11之间具有间隙40。即,参照图3,同轴线4的外导体41与基板1的第一面11之间保持一定的间隙40,同轴线4的外导体41的右端焊接在第一天线地部31上的焊盘43上。通过使同轴线4与基板1的第一面11之间保持一定的间隙40,可降低同轴线4的走线对天线的干扰,有利于提高天线10的辐射效率。
较为优选的,该间隙40可设置为大于零且小于十分之一波长,该波长为天线10发出的电磁波的波长。可以理解的是,频率不同,波长则不同,可根据频率计算相应的波长,然后根据波长设置间隙40的具体尺寸。通过将同轴线4与基板1的第一面11之间的间隙40的尺寸设置在该范围内,可使天线10的性能更优。
继续参照图1至图3所示,在本实施例中,该间隙40中的物质为空气,即,间隙40中没有填充物。当然,在其他实现方式中,也可以在间隙40中填充不导电介质,使得同轴线4与基板1之间保持固定距离的间隙40,比如,该介质可以是泡沫,当然,也可以是其他低介电常数的介质,本发明并不限于此。
进一步地,当同轴线4位于基板1的第一面11的一侧时,可在第一天线地部31的对应同轴线4的位置开设通槽311,即,该通槽311贯穿第一天线地部31的本体。通过在第一天线地部31的对应同轴线4的位置开设通槽311, 降低了同轴线4走线对天线10性能的影响,进一步提高了天线10的辐射效率。
较为优选的,同轴线4的中轴线在通槽311中的投影与通槽311的中轴线重合。也就是说,同轴线4的走线在通槽311的中心位置,在该位置时天线10的辐射性能最佳。
本实施例的天线10可工作在2.28GHz~2.7GHz,带宽为420MHz,可满足常用的2.4GHz频段的覆盖。图5为本发明实施例一提供的天线在水平面和垂直面上的方向图。参照图5所示,本实施例的天线10在2.4GHz,水平方向上(H-plane)仍然能保持全向,在垂直方向上(E-plane)增益较大,即,该天线10在2.4GHz可实现全方向覆盖。
本实施例的天线10具体形成为偶极子天线。当然,在其他实现方式中,也可以是单极子天线,比如,当为单极子天线时,可将基板1的第一面11的左半部分和第二面12的左半部分填满铜片。或者也可以是倒F形天线等等。
图4为本发明实施例一提供的天线设置有外壳时的结构示意图。参照图4所示,本实施例的天线10还包括:中空的外壳9。其中,基板1、第一辐射单元、第一天线地单元、同轴线4均位于外壳9的内腔中,且外壳9上具有可供同轴线4穿过的通道。通过设置外壳9,使天线10得到了有效保护。
其中,外壳9具体包括下壳91和可拆卸地连接在下壳91上方的上盖92,上盖92和下壳91共同围成空腔,以使外壳9形成中空结构。具体地,还包括用于将基板1固定在外壳9中的定位结构,该定位结构具体可以包括:设置在基板1的边缘的定位缺口13以及设置在外壳9内腔中的可卡入至该定位缺口13中的定位卡凸90。
当该天线10应用在无人飞行器的遥控器上时,天线10具体安装在遥控器的主体上,遥控器内具有射频板,射频板上具有射频接口,同轴线4的由外壳9穿出的一端与射频接口连接,从而实现遥控器与无人飞行器的机体之间的信号传送。
实施例二
图6为本发明实施例二提供的天线的基板的第一面的结构示意图。图7为本发明实施例二提供的天线的基板的第二面的结构示意图。参照图6和图 7所示,本实施例提供另一种结构的天线10,本实施例在实施例一提供的天线的基础上进一步在基板1上增设第二辐射单元和第二天线地单元。
其中,第二辐射单元具体包括:设置在基板1的第一面11上的与第一辐射部21电连接的第三辐射部51以及设置在基板1的第二面12上的与第二辐射部22电连接的第四辐射部52,且第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52电连接,第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52的电流路径长度相等。第二天线地单元具体包括:设置在基板1的第一面11上的与第一天线地部31电连接的第三天线地部61以及设置在基板1的第二面12上的与第二天线地部32电连接的第四天线地部62,且第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62电连接,第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62的电流路径长度相等。
可以理解的是,由于第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元通过同轴线4馈电,而第三辐射部51与第一辐射部21电连接,第四辐射部52与第二辐射部22电连接,第三天线地部61与第一天线地部31电连接,第四天线地部62与第二天线地部32电连接,因此,第二辐射单元和第二天线地单元通过同轴线4馈电。
其中,上述的第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52的电流路径长度相等,此处的电流路径主要是沿第二辐射单元的边沿走向,即,沿第三辐射部51的边沿和第四辐射部52的边沿。上述的第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62的电流路径长度相等,此处的电流路径主要是沿第二天线单元的边沿走向,即,沿第三天线地部61的边沿和第四天线地部62的边沿。对于电流的具体路径本发明并不限于此,只要能够保证第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52的电流路径长度相等,保证第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62的电流路径长度相等即可。
也就是说,本实施例提供的天线10不仅包括第一辐射单元和第一天线地单元,还包括第二辐射单元和第二天线地单元,从而使该天线10可支持两个不同的工作频段,即,使天线10可在双频段下工作,大大提高了天线10的性能。
在本实施例中,第三辐射部51具体设置在第一辐射部21的靠近第一天线地部31的一端,第三天线地部61设置在第一天线地部31的靠近第一辐射部21的一端。第四辐射部52设置在第二辐射部22的靠近第二天线地部32 的一端,第四天线地部62设置在第二天线地部32的靠近第二辐射部22的一端。
参照图6和图7所示,具体可使第一辐射部21在由基板1的右边缘至基板1的中部的方向上的尺寸逐渐减小,即第一辐射部21的靠近基板1中心的一端为小端,靠近基板1右边缘的一端为大端,第三辐射部51具体设置在第一辐射部21的小端。可使第二辐射部22在由基板1的右边缘至基板1的中部的方向上的尺寸逐渐减小,即第二辐射部22的靠近基板1中心的一端为小端,靠近基板1右边缘的一端为大端,第四辐射部52具体设置在第二辐射部22的小端。可使第一天线地部31在由基板1的左边缘至基板1的中部的方向上的尺寸逐渐减小,即,第一天线地部31的靠近基板1中心的一端为小端,靠近基板1左边缘的一端为大端,第三天线地部61具体设置在第一天线地部31的小端。可使第二天线地部32在由基板1的左边缘至基板1的中部的方向上的尺寸逐渐减小,即,第二天线地部32的靠近基板1中心的一端为小端,靠近基板1左边缘的一端为大端,第四天线地部62具体设置在第二天线地部32的小端。这样设置在实现双频段的基础上,有效地利用了基板1的已有空间,节省了空间占有率,使得天线10的整个体积无需做的较大,使天线10朝向小型化发展,进而能够适用于小型遥控器7上。
本实施例的天线10的基板1的整体尺寸可设置为49.8×6.8×0.8mm 3
在本实施例中,第三辐射部51、第四辐射部52、第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62均为U形结构,当然,在其他实现方式中,这四个部分也可以均为L形结构,本发明对此不作限定,具体形状可结合基板1的尺寸以及第一辐射部21、第二辐射部22、第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的形状进行设定。
具体可使第一辐射部21和第三辐射部51一体成型,第一天线地部31和第三天线地部61一体成型,第二辐射部22和第四辐射部52一体成型,第二天线地部32和第四天线地部62一体成型,这样使得制作更加方便,且相互之间的连接更加可靠。当然,在其他实现方式中,各对应部分也可以是后续再电连接在一起。
其中,第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52之间、第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62也可以分别通过实施例一中的通孔相接的方式连接。具体地,部分 第一通孔20贯穿第三辐射部51、基板1和第四辐射部52,然后第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52通过位于第一通孔20中的金属件实现电连接。部分第二通孔30贯穿第三天线地部61、基板1和第四天线地部62,然后第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62通过位于第二通孔30中的金属件实现电连接。
可以理解的是,当第一辐射部21和第三辐射部51一体成型、第二辐射部22和第四辐射部52一体成型时,可以直接在第一辐射部21和第三辐射部51的相接处、第二辐射部22和第四辐射部52的相接处开设第一通孔20。当第一天线地部31和第三天线地部61一体成型、第二天线地部32和第四天线地部62一体成型时,可以直接在第一天线地部31和第三天线地部61的相接处、第二天线地部32和第四天线地部62的相接处开设第二通孔30。
较为优选的,可使第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52的外轮廓相同,第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62的外轮廓相同,即,进一步保证了天线10正反面的电流路径长度的一致性,从而进一步保证了天线10两侧的电磁波能够在同一个谐振频率下谐振,使天线10的性能更加稳定,而且方便天线制作。
当然,在其他实现方式中,也可以是,第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52的外轮廓不完全一致,第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62的外轮廓不完全一致,只要能够保证第三辐射部51和第四辐射部52的电流路径长度相等,第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62的电流路径长度相等即可。
图9为本发明实施例二提供的天线的驻波参数图。参照图9所示,本实施例的天线10具体可工作在2.28GHz~2.7GHz和5.57GHz~6.21GHz,带宽分别为420MHz和640MHz,可满足常用的2.4GHz和5.8GHz的Wi-Fi双频段的覆盖。图10为本发明实施例二提供的天线在水平面和垂直面上的方向图。参照图10所示,本实施例的天线10在5.8GHz,水平方向上(H-plane)仍然能保持全向,在垂直方向上(E-plane)增益较大,即,该天线10在5.8GHz可实现全方向覆盖。结合图5、图9和图10所示,可以理解的是,本实施例的天线10在2.4GHz和5.8GHz均可实现全方向覆盖,从而提高了天线10的辐射效率,使天线10的性能更好。
天线10工作在2.4GHz主要由第一辐射部21、第二辐射部22、第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32完成,工作在5.8GHz主要由第三辐射部51、第四辐射部52、第三天线地部61和第四天线地部62完成。
由于位于基板1的第一面11的第一辐射部21和位于基板1第二面12的第二辐射部12的电流路径长度相等,位于基板1的第一面11的第一天线地部31和位于基板第二面12的第二天线地部32的电流路径长度相等,位于基板1的第一面11的第三辐射部51和位于基板第二面12的第四辐射部52的电流路径长度相等,位于基板第一面11的第三天线地部61和位于基板第二面的第四天线地部62的电流路径长度相等,因此,在2.4GHz频段下,或者在5,8GHz频段下,天线的基板1两侧的电磁波均能够在同一谐振频率下谐振,使天线的谐振频率不会偏移,从而大大提高了天线的辐射效率。
图8为本发明实施例二提供的天线设置有外壳时的结构示意图,参照图8所示,本实施例的天线10还包括:中空的外壳9。其中,基板1、第一辐射单元、第一天线地单元、第二辐射单元、第二天线地单元、同轴线4均位于外壳9的内腔中,且外壳9上具有可供同轴线4穿过的通道。外壳9的具体结构与实施例一相同,并能达到相同或类似的技术效果,在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是,本实施例的天线10也可以用于其他无线通信的频段,具体可通过改变第二辐射单元和第二天线地单元的形状和大小来实现,或者通过在基板1上进一步增加辐射单元和天线地单元来实现。
其他技术特征与实施例一相同,并能带来相同或类似的技术效果,在此不再一一赘述,具体可参照实施例一的描述。
实施例三
图11为本发明实施例三提供的无人飞行器的遥控器的结构示意图。结合图1至图11所示,本实施例提供一种无人飞行器的遥控器,该无人飞行器的遥控器7用于与无人飞行器的机体之间进行通讯,以获取无人飞行器的机体的飞行速度、高度、位置等信息,控制无人飞行器的起飞、飞行姿态、方向、降落等。
该遥控器7具体可包括主体71,主体71上设置有天线10以及用于供用户握持的手柄72,遥控器7具体通过天线10进行信号的收发。
本实施例的遥控器7上的天线10与实施例一或者实施例二提供的天线10的结构相同,并能带来相同或者类似的技术效果,在此不再一一赘述,具体可参照实施例一或者实施例二的描述。
在本实施例中,天线10具体为两个,两个天线10间隔设置在遥控器7的主体71上,天线10的一端与遥控器7的主体71转动连接,在不使用时,可将天线10收回至遥控器7的主体上,以方便携带或收纳。当然,在其他实现方式中,天线10也可以为一个或者两个以上。
具体实现时,遥控器7的主体71内具有射频板,射频板上具有射频接口,同轴线4的从外壳9伸出的一端与该射频接口电连接。其中,无人飞行器的机体上具有天线、飞行控制器以及收发控制单元等。机体上的天线与收发控制单元电连接,在收发控制单元的控制下与遥控器7进行通信。飞行控制器与收发控制单元连接,用于根据控制信号来控制无人飞行器。
比如,当遥控器7需要控制无人飞行器时,遥控器7通过天线10向无人飞行器的机体发送控制信号,机体上的天线在收发控制单元的控制下,接收遥控器7发送的控制信号,或者,无人飞行器的机体通过机体上的天线向遥控器7发送反馈信号。比如,遥控器7需要无人飞行器的机体在1分钟内从当前位置向东飞行50米时,遥控器7通过天线10向无人飞行器发送信号,收发控制单元控制机体的天线接收该控制信号,然后将该信号传输至飞行控制器,飞行控制器对该信号进行解析,获得在1分钟内从当前位置向东飞行50米的指令信息,则飞行控制器控制无人飞行器的机体进行相应的动作,以使无人飞行器在1分钟内向东飞行50米。
由于天线10的基板1的相背的两个面上均具有辐射部和天线地部,且第一辐射部21和第二辐射部22的电流路径长度相等,第一天线地部31和第二天线地部32的电流路径长度相等,因此,本实施例的遥控器7的天线10的辐射效率较高,遥控器7与无人飞行器的机体之间信号的传递更加准确、及时。
实施例四
图12为本发明实施例四提供的无人飞行器的机体的结构示意图。参照图12所示,本实施例提供一种无人飞行器,该无人飞行器包括:机体81以及与该机体81配套使用的遥控器,通过遥控器操控机体81飞行。
其中,机体81上具有机臂82,机臂82的端部可设置动力装置,动力装置具体可包括:旋翼(图中未示出)以及电机83,电机83用于驱动旋翼转 动,从而为无人飞行器飞行提供动力。
本实施例的遥控器与实施例三提供的遥控器7的结构相同,并能带来相同或类似的技术效果,在此不再一一赘述,具体可参照实施例三的描述。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种天线,可应用在无人飞行器的遥控器上,其特征在于,所述天线包括:
    基板,所述基板具有相背的第一面和第二面;
    同轴线;
    第一辐射单元,所述第一辐射单元包括相互电连接的第一辐射部和第二辐射部,其中所述第一辐射部设置在所述第一面上,所述第二辐射部设置在所述第二面上,所述第一辐射部和所述第二辐射部的电流路径长度相等;
    第一天线地单元,所述第一天线地单元包括相互电连接的第一天线地部和第二天线地部,其中所述第一天线地部设置在所述第一面上,所述第二天线地部设置在所述第二面上,所述第一天线地部和所述第二天线地部的电流路径长度相等;
    所述第一辐射单元和所述第一天线地单元通过所述同轴线馈电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线,其特征在于,还包括贯穿所述第一辐射部、所述基板和所述第二辐射部的第一通孔,所述第一辐射部和所述第二辐射部通过设置在所述第一通孔中的金属件连接;
    还包括贯穿所述第一天线地部、所述基板和所述第二天线地部的第二通孔,所述第一天线地部和所述第二天线地部通过设置在所述第二通孔中的金属件连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线,其特征在于,所述同轴线位于所述第一面的一侧,所述第一辐射部和所述第一天线地部间隔设置,所述同轴线的外导体位于所述第一天线地部的一侧,且与所述第一天线地部电连接,所述同轴线的内导体延伸至所述第一辐射部并与所述第一辐射部电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线,其特征在于,所述同轴线与所述基板的第一面之间具有间隙。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线,其特征在于,所述间隙大于零且小于十分之一波长,所述波长为所述天线发出的电磁波的波长。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的天线,其特征在于,所述间隙中填充有不导电介质。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的天线,其特征在于,所述第一天线地部的对应 所述同轴线的位置开设有通槽。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的天线,其特征在于,所述同轴线的中轴线在所述通槽中的投影与所述通槽的中轴线重合。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的天线,其特征在于,所述天线还包括设置在所述基板上的第二辐射单元和第二天线地单元;
    所述第二辐射单元包括设置在所述第一面上的与所述第一辐射部电连接的第三辐射部以及设置在所述第二面上的与所述第二辐射部电连接的第四辐射部,且所述第三辐射部和所述第四辐射部电连接,所述第三辐射部和所述第四辐射部的电流路径长度相等;
    所述第二天线地单元包括设置在所述第一面上的与所述第一天线地部电连接的第三天线地部以及设置在所述第二面上的与所述第二天线地部电连接的第四天线地部,且所述第三天线地部和所述第四天线地部电连接,所述第三天线地部和所述第四天线地部的电流路径长度相等。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的天线,其特征在于,所述第三辐射部设置在所述第一辐射部的靠近所述第一天线地部的一端,所述第三天线地部设置在所述第一天线地部的靠近所述第一辐射部的一端;
    所述第四辐射部设置在所述第二辐射部的靠近所述第二天线地部的一端,所述第四天线地部设置在所述第二天线地部的靠近所述第二辐射部的一端。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的天线,其特征在于,所述第一辐射部和所述第三辐射部一体成型;
    所述第一天线地部和所述第三天线地部一体成型;
    所述第二辐射部和所述第四辐射部一体成型;
    所述第二天线地部和所述第四天线地部一体成型。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的天线,其特征在于,所述第一辐射部和所述第二辐射部的外轮廓相同,所述第一天线地部和所述第二天线地部的外轮廓相同;
    所述第三辐射部和所述第四辐射部的外轮廓相同,所述第三天线地部和所述第四天线地部的外轮廓相同。
  13. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的天线,其特征在于,所述天线还包括中空的外壳,所述基板、所述第一辐射单元、所述第一天线地单元和所 述同轴线均位于所述外壳的内腔中,且所述外壳上具有可供所述同轴线穿出的通道。
  14. 一种无人飞行器的遥控器,其特征在于,包括壳体和安装在所述壳体上的如权利要求1至13任一项所述的天线。
  15. 一种无人飞行器,其特征在于,包括机体以及与所述机体配套使用的如权利要求14所述的无人飞行器的遥控器。
PCT/CN2019/088607 2018-05-30 2019-05-27 天线、无人飞行器的遥控器及无人飞行器 WO2019228309A1 (zh)

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