WO2019227880A1 - 一种剥虾壳机 - Google Patents

一种剥虾壳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019227880A1
WO2019227880A1 PCT/CN2018/117341 CN2018117341W WO2019227880A1 WO 2019227880 A1 WO2019227880 A1 WO 2019227880A1 CN 2018117341 W CN2018117341 W CN 2018117341W WO 2019227880 A1 WO2019227880 A1 WO 2019227880A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure roller
shrimp
roller
brush wheel
motor
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/117341
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
符妃三
陈朝梓
陈朝发
Original Assignee
江门市新邑研科技有限公司
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Application filed by 江门市新邑研科技有限公司 filed Critical 江门市新邑研科技有限公司
Publication of WO2019227880A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019227880A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C29/00—Processing shellfish or bivalves, e.g. oysters, lobsters; Devices therefor, e.g. claw locks, claw crushers, grading devices; Processing lines
    • A22C29/02—Processing shrimps, lobsters or the like ; Methods or machines for the shelling of shellfish
    • A22C29/024—Opening, shelling or peeling shellfish
    • A22C29/026—Mechanically peeling and shelling shrimps, prawns or other soft-shelled crustaceans

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to food processing equipment, and more particularly, to a shrimp sheller.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a shrimp peeling machine that solves the existing technical problems of manual shrimp peeling, high labor intensity, low production efficiency, poor sanitary conditions, poor shrimp intact rate, sensitive shrimp size, and affecting shrimp quality. .
  • the present invention provides a shrimp shelling machine, which includes a frame, a workbench, a shelling device, a material blocking device and a waterway system.
  • the workbench is a box structure, the workbench is set on the top of the frame, and the shelling device includes at least one nip extrusion mechanism composed of a left pressure roller, a right pressure roller, and a middle pressure roller,
  • the pressure roller driving mechanism and the intermediate pressure roller driving mechanism, the left pressure roller, the right pressure roller, and the intermediate pressure roller are all rotatably connected between the front and rear side walls of the table, and the left pressure roller, right
  • the pressure roller and the intermediate pressure roller are arranged in parallel and inclined to each other.
  • the front end of the left pressure roller, the right pressure roller and the middle pressure roller is a low end, and the rear end is a high end.
  • the left pressure roller and the right pressure roller are spaced apart from each other.
  • the intermediate pressure roller is disposed below the separated area of the left and right pressure rollers, and surrounds the left and right pressure rollers to form a material guide channel.
  • the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms are respectively connected with the left and right pressure rollers.
  • Each of the left pressure rollers is connected to each of the right pressure rollers, and the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms can drive each of the left pressure rollers and each of the right pressure rollers to rotate, and The rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the right pressure roller, and the intermediate pressure roller driving mechanism is respectively
  • Each of the intermediate pressure rollers is connected, and the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms can drive each of the intermediate pressure rollers to reciprocate forward and backward; when the rotation direction of the intermediate pressure roller is opposite to the rotation direction of the left pressure roller
  • a first bite extrusion portion capable of separating shrimp shells and shrimps is formed between the middle pressure roller and the left pressure roller; when the rotation direction of the middle pressure roller is opposite to the rotation direction of the right pressure roller At this time, a second bite extru
  • the material blocking device is arranged on the material guide channel, and is used for preventing shrimps from sliding down from the high end to the low end of the material guide without removing the shell;
  • the waterway system includes a lubricating and cooling mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, the lubricating and cooling mechanism is provided at a position opposite to the material guide channel, and is used for lubricating and cooling the left pressure roller, the right pressure roller, and the middle pressure roller;
  • a cleaning mechanism is provided at a position opposite to the left pressure roller or the right pressure roller, and is used for cleaning the left pressure roller, the right pressure roller, and the middle pressure roller;
  • the front end of the workbench is provided with a discharge opening opposite to the lower end of the material guide channel, and a waste discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the workbench.
  • the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms include a first motor, a driving sprocket, a left driven sprocket, a right driven sprocket, and a chain, and the first motor is mounted on the frame, The power output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the driving sprocket, the outer end of the rotating shaft of the left pressing roller is coaxially fixedly connected to the left driven sprocket, and the outer end of the rotating shaft of the right pressing roller is The right driven sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected, and the chain is wound between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket.
  • the driving sprocket and the left driven sprocket are connected.
  • the right driven sprocket and the chain can be driven to rotate, and the rotation direction of the left pressure roller is opposite to that of the right pressure roller.
  • the intermediate pressure roller driving mechanism includes a second motor, a worm, a worm gear reducer, a turntable, a connecting rod and a swing lever, and the second motor and the worm gear reducer are both mounted on the machine.
  • the power output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the worm
  • the worm gear reducer is provided in plurality, and the power input end of each of the worm gear reducers is serially connected to the worm in sequence.
  • a power input end of the worm gear reducer is fixedly connected to one of the turntables, one end of the link is rotationally connected to the circumference of the turntable, and the other end of the link is rotationally connected to one end of the swing lever.
  • the other end of the swing lever is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft of the intermediate pressure roller; when the second motor is started, under the transmission of the worm, worm reducer, turntable, connecting rod and swing lever,
  • the intermediate pressing roller can be driven to reciprocate forward and backward.
  • a left fur brush roller for washing the surface of the left fur roller is provided below the left fur roller, and the left fur roller is rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the table.
  • a first upper gear is provided at the outer end of the rotation shaft of the left pressure roller, and an outer end of the rotation shaft of the left fur brush roller is provided with a mesh with the first upper gear First under gear.
  • a right fur brush roller for washing the surface of the right fur roller is provided below the right fur roller, and the right fur roller is rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the worktable.
  • a second upper gear is provided at the outer end of the rotation shaft of the right pressure roller, and an outer end of the rotation shaft of the right fur brush roller is provided with a mesh with the second upper gear The second gear.
  • the material blocking device includes a brush wheel, a brush wheel driving mechanism, and a brush wheel lifting mechanism.
  • the brush wheel is disposed directly above the bottom surface of the material guide channel, and along the The material guide channel is provided with a plurality of spaced intervals in the length direction, the brush wheel lifting mechanism is provided with two, and is arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the table, and the brush wheel is driven by the brush.
  • the wheel lifting mechanism adjusts the distance between it and the bottom surface of the material guide channel.
  • the brush wheel driving mechanism is provided on the brush wheel lifting mechanism, and the brush wheel is driven by the brush wheel driving mechanism. When rotating, the linear velocity direction of the tangent line parallel to the bottom surface of the brush wheel and the bottom surface of the material guide channel is inclined downward.
  • the brush wheel lifting mechanism includes a third motor, a worm wheel screw lifter, a moving bracket and a guide rail, and the guide rail is vertically fixed on an outer wall of the workbench, and the moving bracket Sliding with the guide rail, the third motor and the worm gear screw lifter are both installed on the frame, and the power output end of the third motor and the power input end of the worm gear screw lifter The power output end of the worm gear screw lifter is connected to the moving bracket.
  • the moving bracket When the second motor is started, under the transmission of the worm gear screw lifter, the moving bracket can be driven along the The guide rail moves up and down, the brush wheel is rotatably connected to the moving bracket through the rotation axis of the brush wheel, and an outer wall of the table is provided with a limiting hole through which the rotation axis of the brush wheel can pass.
  • the brush wheel driving mechanism includes a fourth motor, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a belt.
  • the fourth motor is mounted on the moving bracket.
  • the power output end of the fourth motor It is fixedly connected to the driving pulley, the outer end of the shaft of the brush wheel is coaxially fixed to the driven pulley, and the belt is wound between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket.
  • the lubricating and cooling mechanism includes a water tank, a water pump, and a lubricating and cooling spray pipe.
  • the water tank is disposed at the bottom of the frame, and the water inlet end of the water pump is connected to the water tank.
  • the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to the lubricating and cooling spraying pipe fitting.
  • the lubricating and cooling spraying pipe fitting is provided with a first spray head opposite to the high end of the material guide channel. The water coming out can flow from the upper end of the guide channel to the lower end of the guide channel.
  • the cleaning mechanism includes a water tank, a water pump, and a cleaning spray pipe.
  • the water tank is disposed at the bottom of the rack, and the water inlet end of the water pump is connected to the water tank.
  • the water outlet end is connected to the cleaning spray pipe, the cleaning spray pipe is parallel to the left pressure roller or the right pressure roller, and the cleaning spray pipe is provided with a plurality of and The second spray head of the left pressure roller or the right pressure roller, and the cleaning spray pipe can wash the surface of the left pressure roller or the right pressure roller through the water sprayed from the second spray head.
  • a shrimp shelling machine implementing the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the husking device of the present invention adopts a roll-type bite extrusion method to realize the separation process of shrimp shells and shrimps, and the inclined pressure guide channel is formed by the middle pressure roller, the left pressure roller and the right pressure roller, so that the shrimp can gravity
  • the material transfer is realized.
  • the maximum number of shrimps processed by one roll is determined by the length of the feed channel.
  • the production efficiency is high, the labor intensity of the workers is small, and the working environment is hygienic.
  • the setting of the blocking device can squeeze the shrimp between the pressure rollers.
  • the setting of the lubrication and cooling mechanism can lubricate and cool the left and right pressure rollers And the intermediate pressure roller to reduce the friction between the shrimp and the guide channel, to facilitate the material to slide down the guide channel, and at the same time to reduce the temperature generated during the work of each pressure roller, to prevent the shrimp from rising due to the temperature of the pressure roller.
  • the setting of the cleaning mechanism can clean the left pressure roller, the right pressure roller and the middle pressure roller before the equipment starts or stops, ensuring that the shrimp can be kept in a clean and hygienic environment Production and processing; it can be seen that the present invention adopts an organic combination of a shelling device, a material blocking device, a lubricating and cooling mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism, and is controlled by an electrical control system. Its compact structure, convenient operation, reliable performance, high degree of mechanical automation, and can High-efficiency shelling is performed for shrimps of different levels, and the quality of the finished products is stable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic forward view of a shrimp sheller provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic back view of a shrimp sheller provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic left side view of a shrimp sheller provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a right side schematic view of a shrimp sheller provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a nip extrusion mechanism composed of a left pressure roller, a right pressure roller, and an intermediate pressure roller;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a gear transmission structure that drives the left and right fur brush rollers to rotate.
  • a shrimp shell peeling machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a rack 100, a workbench 200, a shell peeling device 300, a blocking device 400 and a waterway system 500.
  • the workbench 200 is a box structure, and the workbench 200 is mounted on the top of the rack 100.
  • the peeling device 300 includes at least one nip extrusion mechanism composed of a left pressure roller 301, a right pressure roller 302, and an intermediate pressure roller 303, a left and right pressure roller driving mechanism, and an intermediate pressure roller driving mechanism.
  • the left pressure roller 301, The right pressure roller 302 and the middle pressure roller 303 are both rotatably connected between the front and rear side walls of the table 200.
  • the left pressure roller 301, the right pressure roller 302, and the middle pressure roller 303 are parallel to each other and present
  • the left pressure roller 301, the right pressure roller 302, and the middle pressure roller 303 have a lower end and a high end, and the left pressure roller 301 and the right pressure roller 302 are spaced apart from each other.
  • the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms are respectively Each of the left pressure rollers 301 is connected to each of the right pressure rollers 302, and the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms can drive each of the left pressure rollers 301 and each of the right pressure rollers 302 to rotate, and The rotation direction of the left pressure roller 301 is opposite to the rotation direction of the right pressure roller 302, and the intermediate pressure roller driving mechanisms are respectively Each of the intermediate pressure rollers 303 is connected, and the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms can drive each of the intermediate pressure rollers 303 to reciprocate forward and backward; when the rotation direction of the intermediate pressure roller 303 is the same as that of the left pressure roller 301 When the rotation direction of the middle pressure roller 303 is opposite to that of the left pressure roller 301, a first bite extrusion portion 305 capable of separating shrimp shells and shrimps is formed between the middle pressure
  • the shrimp after head removal and back processing enters the work area from the high end of the guide channel 304, and the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms simultaneously drive the forward rotation of the left pressure roller 301 and the reverse rotation of the right pressure roller 302.
  • the intermediate pressure roller driving mechanism drives the intermediate pressure roller 303 to reciprocate forward and backward.
  • the intermediate pressure roller 303 rotates in the reverse direction, the shrimp is brought into the first bite under the friction of the intermediate pressure roller 303 and the left pressure roller 301.
  • the extruding part 305 the shrimp is bitten and squeezed and shelled; similarly, when the middle pressure roller 303 rotates forward, the shrimp is brought into the second bite under the friction of the middle pressure roller 303 and the right pressure roller 302.
  • the shrimp is bite-extruded and shelled.
  • the husking device 300 of the present invention adopts a roll bite extrusion method to realize the separation process of shrimp shells and shrimps, and the intermediate pressure roller 303, the left pressure roller 301, and the right pressure roller 302 form an inclined guide channel 304.
  • the shrimp can realize the material transportation under its own gravity.
  • the maximum number of shrimps processed by one roll is determined by the length of the guide channel 304.
  • the production efficiency is high, the labor intensity of the workers is small, and the working environment is hygienic.
  • the left pressure roller 301 and the right pressure roller 302 are steel rollers
  • the middle pressure roller 303 is a rubber roller. This design enhances the bite force between the pressure rollers and can better Shrimp is rolled into the bite extrusion part.
  • the surface of the rubber roller has a certain amount of elastic deformation. When it is used with a steel roller, it can adaptively adjust the intermediate pressure roller 303 and the left pressure roller 301 or the right pressure roller 302. The parallelism error between them guarantees that the occlusal force of each position of the pressure roller is consistent.
  • the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms include a first motor 323, a driving sprocket 307, a left driven sprocket 308, and a right driven The sprocket 309 and the chain 310.
  • the first motor 323 is installed on the frame 100. The power output end of the first motor 323 is fixedly connected to the driving sprocket 307.
  • the rotation shaft of the left pressure roller 301 An outer end is coaxially fixedly connected to the left driven sprocket 308, an outer end of the rotation shaft of the right pressure roller 302 is coaxially fixedly connected to the right driven sprocket 309, and the chain 310 is wound around the driving chain
  • the first motor 323 when the first motor 323 is started, it can be driven by the driving of the driving sprocket 307, the left driven sprocket 308, the right driven sprocket 309, and the chain 310.
  • the left pressure roller 301 and the right pressure roller 302 rotate, and the rotation direction of the left pressure roller 301 is opposite to the rotation direction of the right pressure roller 302.
  • the left and right pressure roller driving mechanisms also include a chain tensioner to ensure that the sprocket and chain transmission are stable.
  • the intermediate pressure roller driving mechanism includes a second motor 311, a worm 312, a worm reducer 313, a turntable 314, a connecting rod 315, and a swing lever. 316.
  • the second motor 311 and the worm reducer 313 are both installed on the frame 100.
  • the power output end of the second motor 311 is fixedly connected to the worm 312.
  • the worm reducer 313 is provided.
  • each of the worm gear reducers 313 is serially connected to the worm 312, and the power input end of each of the worm gear reducers 313 is fixedly connected with one of the turntables 314, the One end of the connecting rod 315 is rotatably connected to the circumference of the turntable 314, the other end of the connecting rod 315 is rotatably connected to one end of the swing lever 316, and the other end of the swing lever 316 is connected to the middle pressure roller 303.
  • the outer end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected; when the second motor 311 is started, the intermediate pressure roller 303 can be driven to reciprocate under the transmission of the worm 312, the worm reducer 313, the turntable 314, the connecting rod 315 and the swing lever 316.
  • the ground rotates forward and backward.
  • the front end of the workbench 200 is provided with a discharge opening 201 opposite to the lower end of the material guide channel 304, and a waste discharge pipe 202 is provided at the bottom of the worktable 200.
  • a lower portion of the left pressure roller 301 is provided for washing the left pressure roller 301.
  • the left fur brush roller 317 on the surface is rotatably connected between the front and rear side walls of the table 200 and is parallel to the left pressure roller 301.
  • a first upper gear 319 is provided at the outer end of the rotation shaft of the left pressure roller 301, and a first lower gear 320 is engaged at the outer end of the rotation shaft of the left fur brush roller 317 to mesh with the first upper gear 319 In this way, when the left pressure roller 301 rotates, the left fur brush roller 317 can be driven to rotate together under the transmission of the first upper gear 319 and the first lower gear 320.
  • Below the right pressure roller 302 is provided a right fur brush roller 318 for washing the surface of the right pressure roller 302.
  • the right fur brush roller 318 is rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the work table 200.
  • a second upper gear 321 is provided at the outer end of the rotation shaft of the right fur roller 302
  • a second lower gear 322 meshing with the second upper gear 321 is provided at the end, so that when the right pressure roller 302 rotates, the right fur brush roller can be driven by the transmission of the second upper gear 321 and the second lower gear 322. 318 turns together.
  • the material blocking device 400 is disposed on the material guide channel 304, and is used for preventing shrimps from sliding down from the high end of the material guide channel 304 to the low position without discharging the shell.
  • the material blocking device 400 includes a brush wheel 401, a brush wheel driving mechanism, and a brush wheel lifting mechanism.
  • the brush wheel 401 is disposed directly above the bottom surface of the material guide channel 304 and along the material guide.
  • a plurality of channels 304 are provided at intervals in the length direction.
  • Two brush wheel lifting mechanisms are provided, and are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the work table 200.
  • the brush wheel 401 is provided by the brushes.
  • the wheel lifting mechanism adjusts the distance between it and the bottom surface of the guide channel 304.
  • the brush wheel driving mechanism is provided on the brush wheel lifting mechanism.
  • the brush wheel 401 is driven by the brush wheel.
  • the mechanism is driven to rotate, and the linear velocity direction of the tangent line parallel to the bottom of the brush wheel 401 and the bottom surface of the material guide channel 304 is inclined downward. Therefore, through the setting of the blocking device 400, the shrimp can be squeezed between the pressure rollers, which effectively prevents the shrimp from quickly falling from the high end to the low end of the feed channel 304 without shelling.
  • the quality of the finished product is guaranteed; in addition, the brush part of the brush wheel 401 is relatively soft. During the shrimp squeezing process, the shrimp will not be crushed due to the shrimp itself being too large to ensure the integrity of the shrimp.
  • the size of the brush wheel is adjusted by the brush wheel lifting mechanism to adjust the distance between the brush wheel 401 and the bottom surface of the guide channel 304, so that the height of the brush wheel can be adjusted to facilitate efficient shelling of shrimps of different sizes. .
  • the brush wheel lifting mechanism in order to better adjust the height of the brush wheel 401, includes a third motor 402, a worm screw lifter 403, a moving bracket 404, and a guide rail 405.
  • 405 is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the workbench 200, the moving bracket 404 slides with the guide rail 405, and the third motor 402 and the worm screw lifter 403 are both installed in the frame
  • the power output end of the third motor 402 is connected to the power input end of the worm screw lifter 403, and the power output end of the worm screw lifter 403 is connected to the mobile bracket 404.
  • the moving bracket 404 can be driven to move up and down along the guide rail 405, and the brush wheel 401 can be rotated through the rotation axis of the brush wheel 401
  • the outer wall of the worktable 200 is provided with a limiting hole 203 through which the rotating shaft of the brush wheel 401 can pass, and two ends of the limiting hole are also brushes. Two extreme positions adjusted in the height direction of the wheel 401.
  • the brush wheel driving mechanism includes a fourth motor (not shown in the figure), a driving pulley 406, a driven pulley 407, and a belt 408.
  • a fourth motor (not shown in the figure)
  • a driving pulley 406, a driven pulley 407 and a belt 408.
  • Four motors are installed on the moving bracket 404, the power output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to the driving pulley 406, and the outer end of the rotation shaft of the brush wheel 401 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven pulley 407
  • the belt 408 is wound between the driving sprocket 307 and the driven sprocket.
  • the fourth motor When the fourth motor is started, it can be driven by the driving of the driving pulley 406, the driven pulley 407, and the belt 408.
  • the brush wheel 401 rotates.
  • the brush wheel driving mechanism further includes a belt tensioner to ensure the stability of the transmission of the pulley and the belt.
  • the water system 500 includes a lubrication cooling mechanism and a cleaning mechanism.
  • the lubrication and cooling mechanism is disposed at a position opposite to the material guide channel 304 and is used to lubricate and cool the left pressure roller 301, the right pressure roller 302, and the middle pressure roller 303.
  • the lubrication and cooling mechanism includes a water tank 501, a water pump 502, and a lubrication cooling spray pipe 503.
  • the water tank 501 is disposed at the bottom of the frame 100, and the water inlet end of the water pump 502 and the water tank 501 connection, the water outlet end of the water pump 502 is connected to the lubricating and cooling spray pipe 503, the lubricating and cooling spray pipe 503 is provided with a first spray head opposite to the high end of the guide channel 304, the lubrication
  • the water sprayed from the cooling shower pipe 503 through the first spray head can flow from the high end of the guide channel 304 to the low end of the guide channel 304.
  • the left pressure roller 301, the right pressure roller 302, and the middle pressure roller 303 can be lubricated and cooled during the shelling process, thereby reducing the friction between the shrimp and the guide channel 304, which is convenient for materials. Downward along the guide channel 304, at the same time, the temperature generated during the work of each pressure roller is reduced to prevent the shrimp quality from being affected by the increase of the temperature of the pressure roller.
  • the cleaning mechanism is disposed at a position opposite to the left pressure roller 301 or the right pressure roller 302, and is used to clean the left pressure roller 301, the right pressure roller 302, and the middle pressure roller 303.
  • the cleaning mechanism includes a water tank, a water pump (a set of water tank 501 and a water pump 502 used in the same manner as the lubrication and cooling mechanism), and a cleaning spray pipe 504.
  • the water tank 501 is disposed at the bottom of the rack 100.
  • the water inlet end of the water pump is connected to the water tank 501, and the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to the cleaning spray pipe 504.
  • the cleaning spray pipe 504 is connected to the left pressure roller 301 or the right pressure roller 302.
  • the cleaning spray pipe 504 is provided with a plurality of second spray heads opposite to the left pressure roller 301 or the right pressure roller 302 at equal intervals along the length direction of the cleaning spray pipe 504.
  • the water sprayed from the two nozzles can wash the surface of the left pressure roller 301 or the right pressure roller 302. Therefore, by setting the cleaning mechanism, the left pressure roller 301, the right pressure roller 302, and the middle pressure roller 303 can be cleaned before the equipment is started or stopped, thereby ensuring that shrimp can be produced and processed in a clean and hygienic environment.
  • a shrimp shelling machine of the present invention is organically combined with a shelling device 300, a blocking device 400, a lubricating and cooling mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism, and is controlled by an electrical control system. Its compact structure, convenient operation and reliable performance 2. High degree of mechanical automation, efficient shelling treatment for shrimps of different levels, and stable output quality.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种剥虾壳机，包括机架（100）、工作台（200）、剥壳装置（300）、挡料装置（400）和水路系统（500），剥壳装置包括左压辊（301）、右压辊（302）、中间压辊（303）、左右压辊驱动机构和中间压辊驱动机构，各个压辊的前端为低位端、后端为高位端，中间压辊与左、右压辊围合形成导料通道（304），左右压辊驱动机构能够驱动左、右压辊转动且两者的转动方向相反，中间压辊驱动机构能够驱动中间压辊往复地正反转动；挡料装置用于阻挡虾在未进行剥壳的情况下就从导料通道的高位端向低位端下滑出料；水路系统用于润滑、冷却和清洗左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊。该剥虾壳机能够解决现有手工剥虾壳、劳动强度大、生产效率低、卫生状况差、虾仁完好率差、对虾的尺寸较为敏感，影响虾仁品质等技术问题。

Description

一种剥虾壳机 技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工设备，更具体地说，涉及一种剥虾壳机。
背景技术
中国是世界上的产虾大国，但是对虾的加工技术和加工装备落后，剥虾壳均采用手工方式，劳动强度大、生产效率低、卫生状况差，虾仁完好率差，对虾的尺寸较为敏感，影响虾仁品质，解决剥虾壳机械化是一个重要的发展方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有手工剥虾壳、劳动强度大、生产效率低、卫生状况差、虾仁完好率差、对虾的尺寸较为敏感，影响虾仁品质等技术问题而提供一种剥虾壳机。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种剥虾壳机，其包括机架、工作台、剥壳装置、挡料装置和水路系统，
所述工作台为箱体结构，所述工作台架设在所述机架的顶部，所述剥壳装置包括至少一个由左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊构成的咬合挤出机构、左右压辊驱动机构和中间压辊驱动机构，所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊均可转动地连接在所述工作台的前后两侧侧壁之间，所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊互为平行且呈倾斜设置，所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊的前端为低位端、后端为高位端，所述左压辊和右压辊相隔设置，所述中间压辊设置在所述左压辊和右压辊的相隔区域的下方，且与所述左压辊和右压辊围合形成导料通道，所述左右压辊驱动机构分别与每一所述左压辊和每一所述右压辊连接，所述左右压辊驱动机构能够驱动每一所述左压辊和每一所述右压辊转动，且所述左压辊的转动方向与所述右压辊的转动方向相反，所述中间压辊驱动 机构分别与每一所述中间压辊连接，所述左右压辊驱动机构能够驱动每一所述中间压辊往复地正反转动；当所述中间压辊的转动方向与所述左压辊的转动方向相反时，所述中间压辊与所述左压辊之间形成能将虾壳和虾仁分离的第一咬合挤出部；当所述中间压辊的转动方向与所述右压辊的转动方向相反时，所述中间压辊与所述右压辊之间形成能将虾壳和虾仁分离的第二咬合挤出部；
所述挡料装置设置在所述导料通道上，用于阻挡虾在未进行去壳的情况下就从所述导料通道的高位端快速向低位端下滑出料；
所述水路系统包括润滑冷却机构和清洗机构，所述润滑冷却机构设置在与所述导料通道相对的位置，用于润滑和冷却所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊；所述清洗机构设置在所述左压辊或所述右压辊相对的位置，用于清洗所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊；
所述工作台的前端设有与所述导料通道的低位端相对的出料口，所述工作台的底部设有废料排出管。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述左右压辊驱动机构包括第一电机、主动链轮、左从动链轮、右从动链轮和链条，所述第一电机安装在所述机架上，所述第一电机的动力输出端与所述主动链轮固定连接，所述左压辊的转轴外端与所述左从动链轮同轴固定连接，所述右压辊的转轴外端与所述右从动链轮同轴固定连接，所述链条绕在所述主动链轮和从动链轮之间，当所述第一电机启动时，在所述主动链轮、左从动链轮、右从动链轮和链条的传动下，能够带动所述左压辊和所述右压辊转动，且所述左压辊的转动方向与所述右压辊的转动方向相反。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述中间压辊驱动机构包括第二电机、蜗杆、蜗轮减速器、转盘、连杆和摆杆，所述第二电机和所述蜗轮减速器均安装在所述机架上，所述第二电机的动力输出端与所述蜗杆固定连接，所述蜗轮减速器设有多个，每一所述蜗轮减速器的动力输入端依次串接在所述蜗杆上，每一所述蜗轮减速器的动力输入端分别固定连接有一个所述转盘，所述连杆的一端与所述转盘的圆周转动连接，所述连杆的另一端与所述摆杆的一端转动连接，所述摆杆的另一 端与所述中间压辊的转轴外端固定连接；当所述第二电机启动时，在所述蜗杆、蜗轮减速器、转盘、连杆和摆杆的传动下，能够带动所述中间压辊往复地正反转动。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述左压辊的下方设有用于洗刷所述左压辊表面的左毛刷辊，所述左毛刷辊可转动地连接在所述工作台的前后两侧侧壁之间，且与所述左压辊平行；所述左压辊的转轴外端设有第一上齿轮，所述左毛刷辊的转轴外端设有与所述第一上齿轮啮合的第一下齿轮。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述右压辊的下方设有用于洗刷所述右压辊表面的右毛刷辊，所述右毛刷辊可转动地连接在所述工作台的前后两侧侧壁之间，且与所述右压辊平行；所述右压辊的转轴外端设有第二上齿轮，所述右毛刷辊的转轴外端设有与所述第二上齿轮啮合的第二下齿轮。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述挡料装置包括毛刷轮，毛刷轮驱动机构和毛刷轮升降机构，所述毛刷轮设置在所述导料通道的底面的正上方，且沿所述导料通道的长度方向间隔地设有若干个，所述毛刷轮升降机构设有两个，且对称地设置在所述工作台的左右两侧，所述毛刷轮由所述毛刷轮升降机构调节其与所述导料通道的底面之间的距离，所述毛刷轮驱动机构设置在所述毛刷轮升降机构上，所述毛刷轮由所述毛刷轮驱动机构驱动转动，所述毛刷轮的底部与所述导料通道底面平行的切线的线速度方向为倾斜向下。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述毛刷轮升降机构包括第三电机、蜗轮丝杆升降器、移动支架和导轨，所述导轨竖直地固定在所述工作台的外壁上，所述移动支架与所述导轨滑动配合，所述第三电机和所述蜗轮丝杆升降器均安装在所述机架上，所述第三电机的动力输出端与所述蜗轮丝杆升降器的动力输入端连接，所述蜗轮丝杆升降器的动力输出端与所述移动支架连接，当所述第二电机启动时，在所述蜗轮丝杆升降器的传动下，能够带动所述移动支架沿所述导轨上下移动，所述毛刷轮通过毛刷轮转轴可转动地连接在所述移动支架上，所述工作 台的外壁上开设有可供所述毛刷轮的转轴穿过的限位孔。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述毛刷轮驱动机构包括第四电机、主动皮带轮、从动皮带轮和皮带，所述第四电机安装在所述移动支架上，所述第四电机的动力输出端与所述主动皮带轮固定连接，所述毛刷轮转轴的外端与所述从动皮带轮同轴固定连接，所述皮带绕在所述主动链轮和从动链轮之间，当所述第四电机启动时，在所述主动皮带轮、从动皮带轮和皮带的传动下，能够带动所述毛刷轮转动。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述润滑冷却机构包括水箱、水泵和润滑冷却喷淋管件，所述水箱设置在所述机架的底部，所述水泵的进水端与所述水箱连接，所述水泵的出水端与所述润滑冷却喷淋管件连接，所述润滑冷却喷淋管件设有与所述导料通道的高位端相对的第一喷头，所述润滑冷却喷淋管件通过第一喷头喷出来的水能够由所述导料通道的高位端流向所述导料通道的低位端。
作为本发明优选的方案，所述清洗机构包括水箱、水泵和清洗喷淋管件，所述水箱设置在所述机架的底部，所述水泵的进水端与所述水箱连接，所述水泵的出水端与所述清洗喷淋管件连接，所述清洗喷淋管件与所述左压辊或所述右压辊平行，所述清洗喷淋管件沿其长度方向等距间隔地设有多个与所述左压辊或所述右压辊相对的第二喷头，所述清洗喷淋管件通过第二喷头喷出来的水能够冲洗所述左压辊或所述右压辊的表面。
实施本发明的一种剥虾壳机，与现有技术相比较，具有如下有益效果：
本发明的剥壳装置采用辊式咬合挤出方式，实现虾壳与虾仁分离处理，而且由中间压辊、左压辊和右压辊构成呈倾斜设置的导料通道，使虾能够在自身重力下实现物料输送，一次辊压加工虾的最大数量由导料通道的长度确定，生产效率高，工人的劳动强度小且工作环境卫生；挡料装置的设置能够将虾挤压到压辊之间，有效阻挡虾在未进行剥壳的情况下就从导料通道的高位端快速向低位端下滑出料，保证出料成品质量；润滑冷却机构的设置能够润滑和冷却左压辊、右压辊和 中间压辊，减小虾与导料通道之间的摩擦，方便物料沿导料通道向下滑行，同时降低各个压辊工作过程中所产生的温度，防止因压辊温度升高而对虾的品质造成影响；清洗机构的设置能够在设备启动前或停机时对左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊进行清洗，保证虾能够在干净卫生的环境下生产加工；可见，本发明通过剥壳装置、挡料装置、润滑冷却机构和清洗机构的有机结合，并由电气控制系统进行控制，其结构紧凑，操作方便、性能可靠、机械自动化程度高，能够针对不同级别的虾进行高效剥壳处理，且出料成品质量稳定。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍。
图1是本发明提供的一种剥虾壳机的正向示意图；
图2是本发明提供的一种剥虾壳机的背向示意图；
图3是本发明提供的一种剥虾壳机的左侧示意图；
图4是本发明提供的一种剥虾壳机的右侧示意图；
图5是由左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊构成的咬合挤出机构的结构示意图；
图6是带动左毛刷辊和右毛刷辊转动的齿轮传动结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
结合参见图1至图6所示，本发明的优选实施例，一种剥虾壳机，其包括机架100、工作台200、剥壳装置300、挡料装置400和水路系统500。
所述工作台200为箱体结构，所述工作台200架设在所述机架100的顶部。
所述剥壳装置300包括至少一个由左压辊301、右压辊302和中间压辊303构成的咬合挤出机构、左右压辊驱动机构和中间压辊驱动机构，所述左压辊301、右压辊302和中间压辊303均可转动地连接在所述工作台200的前后两侧侧壁之间，所述左压辊301、右压辊302和中间压辊303互为平行且呈倾斜设置，所述左压辊301、右压辊302和中间压辊303的前端为低位端、后端为高位端，所述左压辊301和右压辊302相隔设置，所述中间压辊303设置在所述左压辊301和右压辊302的相隔区域的下方，且与所述左压辊301和右压辊302围合形成导料通道304，所述左右压辊驱动机构分别与每一所述左压辊301和每一所述右压辊302连接，所述左右压辊驱动机构能够驱动每一所述左压辊301和每一所述右压辊302转动，且所述左压辊301的转动方向与所述右压辊302的转动方向相反，所述中间压辊驱动机构分别与每一所述中间压辊303连接，所述左右压辊驱动机构能够驱动每一所述中间压辊303往复地正反转动；当所述中间压辊303的转动方向与所述左压辊301的转动方向相反时，所述中间压辊303与所述左压辊301之间形成能将虾壳和虾仁分离的第一咬合挤出部305；当所述中间压辊303的转动方向与所述右压辊302的转动方向相反时，所述中间压辊303与所述右压辊302之间形成能将虾壳和虾仁分离的第二咬合挤出部306。
进行剥壳时，经过去头开背处理后的虾由导料通道304的高位端进入工作区，左右压辊驱动机构同时带动左压辊301的正向转动和右压辊302的反向转动，中间压辊驱动机构带动中间压辊303往复地正反转动，当中间压辊303反向转动时，在中间压辊303和左压辊301的摩擦力作用下，将虾带入第一咬合挤出部305中，对虾进行咬合挤出剥壳；同样地，当中间压辊303正向转动时，在中间压辊303和右压辊302的摩擦力作用下，将虾带入第二咬合挤出部306中，对虾进行咬合挤出剥壳。可见，本发明的剥壳装置300采用辊式咬合挤出方 式，实现虾壳与虾仁分离处理，而且由中间压辊303、左压辊301和右压辊302构成呈倾斜设置的导料通道304，使虾能够在自身重力下实现物料输送，一次辊压加工虾的最大数量由导料通道304的长度确定，生产效率高，工人的劳动强度小且工作环境卫生。
需要说明的是，所述左压辊301和右压辊302为钢辊筒，所述中间压辊303为橡胶辊筒，这样的设计，增强了压辊之间的咬合力，能够更好地将虾卷入咬合挤出部中，同时由于橡胶辊筒表面具有一定的弹性变形量，与钢辊配合使用时，能够自适应地调节中间压辊303与左压辊301或右压辊302之间的平行度误差，保证了压辊各个位置的咬合力一致。
本实施例中，为更好地实现左压辊301和右压辊302的转动，所述左右压辊驱动机构包括第一电机323、主动链轮307、左从动链轮308、右从动链轮309和链条310，所述第一电机323安装在所述机架100上，所述第一电机323的动力输出端与所述主动链轮307固定连接，所述左压辊301的转轴外端与所述左从动链轮308同轴固定连接，所述右压辊302的转轴外端与所述右从动链轮309同轴固定连接，所述链条310绕在所述主动链轮307和从动链轮之间，当所述第一电机323启动时，在所述主动链轮307、左从动链轮308、右从动链轮309和链条310的传动下，能够带动所述左压辊301和所述右压辊302转动，且所述左压辊301的转动方向与所述右压辊302的转动方向相反。此外，所述左右压辊驱动机构还包括链条张紧器，以保证链轮、链条传动稳定。
本实施例中，为更好地实现中间压辊303往复的正反转动，所述中间压辊驱动机构包括第二电机311、蜗杆312、蜗轮减速器313、转盘314、连杆315和摆杆316，所述第二电机311和所述蜗轮减速器313均安装在所述机架100上，所述第二电机311的动力输出端与所述蜗杆312固定连接，所述蜗轮减速器313设有多个，每一所述蜗轮减速器313的动力输入端依次串接在所述蜗杆312上，每一所述蜗轮减速器313的动力输入端分别固定连接有一个所述转盘314，所述 连杆315的一端与所述转盘314的圆周转动连接，所述连杆315的另一端与所述摆杆316的一端转动连接，所述摆杆316的另一端与所述中间压辊303的转轴外端固定连接；当所述第二电机311启动时，在所述蜗杆312、蜗轮减速器313、转盘314、连杆315和摆杆316的传动下，能够带动所述中间压辊303往复地正反转动。
所述工作台200的前端设有与所述导料通道304的低位端相对的出料口201，所述工作台200的底部设有废料排出管202。完成剥壳后的虾仁通过出料口201落入虾仁输出装置，虾壳落入工作台200的底部(工作台200的底部呈漏斗状)并经废料排料管排出。
本实施例中，由于考虑到虾壳容易附在左压辊301和右压辊302上，影响到剥壳效果，所以，所述左压辊301的下方设有用于洗刷所述左压辊301表面的左毛刷辊317，所述左毛刷辊317可转动地连接在所述工作台200的前后两侧侧壁之间，且与所述左压辊301平行；为了向左毛刷辊317提供动力，所述左压辊301的转轴外端设有第一上齿轮319，所述左毛刷辊317的转轴外端设有与所述第一上齿轮319啮合的第一下齿轮320，这样当左压辊301转动时，在第一上齿轮319和第一下齿轮320的传动作用下，能带动左毛刷辊317一起转动。所述右压辊302的下方设有用于洗刷所述右压辊302表面的右毛刷辊318，所述右毛刷辊318可转动地连接在所述工作台200的前后两侧侧壁之间，且与所述右压辊302平行；为了向右毛刷辊318提供动力，所述右压辊302的转轴外端设有第二上齿轮321，所述右毛刷辊318的转轴外端设有与所述第二上齿轮321啮合的第二下齿轮322，这样当右压辊302转动时，在第二上齿轮321和第二下齿轮322的传动下，能带动右毛刷辊318一起转动。
所述挡料装置400设置在所述导料通道304上，用于阻挡虾在未进行剥壳的情况下就从所述导料通道304的高位端快速向低位端下滑出料。所述挡料装置400包括毛刷轮401，毛刷轮驱动机构和毛刷轮升降机构，所述毛刷轮401设置在所述导料通道304的底面的正上方，且沿所述导料通道304的长度方向间隔地设有若干个，所述毛刷 轮升降机构设有两个，且对称地设置在所述工作台200的左右两侧，所述毛刷轮401由所述毛刷轮升降机构调节其与所述导料通道304的底面之间的距离，所述毛刷轮驱动机构设置在所述毛刷轮升降机构上，所述毛刷轮401由所述毛刷轮驱动机构驱动转动，所述毛刷轮401的底部与所述导料通道304底面平行的切线的线速度方向为倾斜向下。由此，通过挡料装置400的设置，能够将虾挤压到压辊之间，有效阻挡虾在未进行剥壳的情况下就从导料通道304的高位端快速向低位端下滑出料，保证出料成品质量；而且，毛刷轮401的毛刷部分较为柔软，挤压虾的过程中，不会因虾自身过大而压坏虾仁，保证虾仁的完整性；此外，还能够根据虾的大小，通过毛刷轮升降机构调节毛刷轮401与导料通道304的底面之间的距离，实现对毛刷轮高度方向上的调整，以便于针对不同大小级别的虾进行高效剥壳处理。
本实施例中，为更好地实现毛刷轮401高度方向上的调整，所述毛刷轮升降机构包括第三电机402、蜗轮丝杆升降器403、移动支架404和导轨405，所述导轨405竖直地固定在所述工作台200的外壁上，所述移动支架404与所述导轨405滑动配合，所述第三电机402和所述蜗轮丝杆升降器403均安装在所述机架100上，所述第三电机402的动力输出端与所述蜗轮丝杆升降器403的动力输入端连接，所述蜗轮丝杆升降器403的动力输出端与所述移动支架404连接，当所述第二电机311启动时，在所述蜗轮丝杆升降器403的传动下，能够带动所述移动支架404沿所述导轨405上下移动，所述毛刷轮401通过毛刷轮401转轴可转动地连接在所述移动支架404上，所述工作台200的外壁上开设有可供所述毛刷轮401的转轴穿过的限位孔203，而该限位孔的两端也就是毛刷轮401高度方向上调整的两个极限位置。
本实施例中，为更好地实现毛刷轮401的转动，所述毛刷轮驱动机构包括第四电机(图中未指示)、主动皮带轮406、从动皮带轮407和皮带408，所述第四电机安装在所述移动支架404上，所述第四电机的动力输出端与所述主动皮带轮406固定连接，所述毛刷轮401转 轴的外端与所述从动皮带轮407同轴固定连接，所述皮带408绕在所述主动链轮307和从动链轮之间，当所述第四电机启动时，在所述主动皮带轮406、从动皮带轮407和皮带408的传动下，能够带动所述毛刷轮401转动。此外，所述毛刷轮驱动机构还包括皮带张紧器，以保证皮带轮、皮带传动稳定。
所述水路系统500包括润滑冷却机构和清洗机构。
所述润滑冷却机构设置在与所述导料通道304相对的位置，用于润滑和冷却所述左压辊301、右压辊302和中间压辊303。本实施例中，所述润滑冷却机构包括水箱501、水泵502和润滑冷却喷淋管件503，所述水箱501设置在所述机架100的底部，所述水泵502的进水端与所述水箱501连接，所述水泵502的出水端与所述润滑冷却喷淋管件503连接，所述润滑冷却喷淋管件503设有与所述导料通道304的高位端相对的第一喷头，所述润滑冷却喷淋管件503通过第一喷头喷出来的水能够由所述导料通道304的高位端流向所述导料通道304的低位端。由此，通过润滑冷却机构的设置，能够在剥壳处理过程中润滑和冷却左压辊301、右压辊302和中间压辊303，减小虾与导料通道304之间的摩擦，方便物料沿导料通道304向下滑行，同时降低各个压辊工作过程中所产生的温度，防止因压辊温度升高而对虾的品质造成影响。
所述清洗机构设置在所述左压辊301或所述右压辊302相对的位置，用于清洗所述左压辊301、右压辊302和中间压辊303。本实施例中，所述清洗机构包括水箱、水泵(与润滑冷却机构同用一组水箱501、水泵502)和清洗喷淋管件504，所述水箱501设置在所述机架100的底部，所述水泵的进水端与所述水箱501连接，所述水泵的出水端与所述清洗喷淋管件504连接，所述清洗喷淋管件504与所述左压辊301或所述右压辊302平行，所述清洗喷淋管件504沿其长度方向等距间隔地设有多个与所述左压辊301或所述右压辊302相对的第二喷头，所述清洗喷淋管件504通过第二喷头喷出来的水能够冲洗所述左压辊301或所述右压辊302的表面。由此，通过清洗机构的设置， 能够在设备启动前或停机时对左压辊301、右压辊302和中间压辊303进行清洗，保证虾能够在干净卫生的环境下生产加工。
综上，本发明的一种剥虾壳机通过剥壳装置300、挡料装置400、润滑冷却机构和清洗机构的有机结合，并由电气控制系统进行控制，其结构紧凑，操作方便、性能可靠、机械自动化程度高，能够针对不同级别的虾进行高效剥壳处理，且出料成品质量稳定。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明申请专利范围所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种剥虾壳机，其特征在于，包括机架、工作台、剥壳装置、挡料装置和水路系统，
    所述工作台为箱体结构，所述工作台架设在所述机架的顶部，所述剥壳装置包括至少一个由左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊构成的咬合挤出机构、左右压辊驱动机构和中间压辊驱动机构，所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊均可转动地连接在所述工作台的前后两侧侧壁之间，所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊互为平行且呈倾斜设置，所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊的前端为低位端、后端为高位端，所述左压辊和右压辊相隔设置，所述中间压辊设置在所述左压辊和右压辊的相隔区域的下方，且与所述左压辊和右压辊围合形成导料通道，所述左右压辊驱动机构分别与每一所述左压辊和每一所述右压辊连接，所述左右压辊驱动机构能够驱动每一所述左压辊和每一所述右压辊转动，且所述左压辊的转动方向与所述右压辊的转动方向相反，所述中间压辊驱动机构分别与每一所述中间压辊连接，所述左右压辊驱动机构能够驱动每一所述中间压辊往复地正反转动；当所述中间压辊的转动方向与所述左压辊的转动方向相反时，所述中间压辊与所述左压辊之间形成能将虾壳和虾仁分离的第一咬合挤出部；当所述中间压辊的转动方向与所述右压辊的转动方向相反时，所述中间压辊与所述右压辊之间形成能将虾壳和虾仁分离的第二咬合挤出部；
    所述挡料装置设置在所述导料通道上，用于阻挡虾在未进行剥壳的情况下就从所述导料通道的高位端快速向低位端下滑出料；
    所述水路系统包括润滑冷却机构和清洗机构，所述润滑冷却机构设置在与所述导料通道相对的位置，用于润滑和冷却所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊；所述清洗机构设置在所述左压辊或所述右压辊相对的位置，用于清洗所述左压辊、右压辊和中间压辊；
    所述工作台的前端设有与所述导料通道的低位端相对的出料口，所述工作台的底部设有废料排出管。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述左右压辊驱动机构包括第一电机、主动链轮、左从动链轮、右从动链轮和链条，所述第一电机安装在所述机架上，所述第一电机的动力输出端与所述主动链轮固定连接，所述左压辊的转轴外端与所述左从动链轮同轴固定连接，所述右压辊的转轴外端与所述右从动链轮同轴固定连接，所述链条绕在所述主动链轮和从动链轮之间，当所述第一电机启动时，在所述主动链轮、左从动链轮、右从动链轮和链条的传动下，能够带动所述左压辊和所述右压辊转动，且所述左压辊的转动方向与所述右压辊的转动方向相反。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述中间压辊驱动机构包括第二电机、蜗杆、蜗轮减速器、转盘、连杆和摆杆，所述第二电机和所述蜗轮减速器均安装在所述机架上，所述第二电机的动力输出端与所述蜗杆固定连接，所述蜗轮减速器设有多个，每一所述蜗轮减速器的动力输入端依次串接在所述蜗杆上，每一所述蜗轮减速器的动力输入端分别固定连接有一个所述转盘，所述连杆的一端与所述转盘的圆周转动连接，所述连杆的另一端与所述摆杆的一端转动连接，所述摆杆的另一端与所述中间压辊的转轴外端固定连接；当所述第二电机启动时，在所述蜗杆、蜗轮减速器、转盘、连杆和摆杆的传动下，能够带动所述中间压辊往复地正反转动。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述左压辊的下方设有用于洗刷所述左压辊表面的左毛刷辊，所述左毛刷辊可转动地连接在所述工作台的前后两侧侧壁之间，且与所述左压辊平行；所述左压辊的转轴外端设有第一上齿轮，所述左毛刷辊的转轴外端设有与所述第一上齿轮啮合的第一下齿轮。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述右压辊的下方设有用于洗刷所述右压辊表面的右毛刷辊，所述右毛刷辊可转动地连接在所述工作台的前后两侧侧壁之间，且与所述右压辊平行；所述右压辊的转轴外端设有第二上齿轮，所述右毛刷辊的转轴外端设有与所述第二上齿轮啮合的第二下齿轮。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述挡料装置包括毛刷轮，毛刷轮驱动机构和毛刷轮升降机构，所述毛刷轮设置在所述导料通道的底面的正上方，且沿所述导料通道的长度方向间隔地设有若干个，所述毛刷轮升降机构设有两个，且对称地设置在所述工作台的左右两侧，所述毛刷轮由所述毛刷轮升降机构调节其与所述导料通道的底面之间的距离，所述毛刷轮驱动机构设置在所述毛刷轮升降机构上，所述毛刷轮由所述毛刷轮驱动机构驱动转动，所述毛刷轮的底部与所述导料通道底面平行的切线的线速度方向为倾斜向下。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述毛刷轮升降机构包括第三电机、蜗轮丝杆升降器、移动支架和导轨，所述导轨竖直地固定在所述工作台的外壁上，所述移动支架与所述导轨滑动配合，所述第三电机和所述蜗轮丝杆升降器均安装在所述机架上，所述第三电机的动力输出端与所述蜗轮丝杆升降器的动力输入端连接，所述蜗轮丝杆升降器的动力输出端与所述移动支架连接，当所述第二电机启动时，在所述蜗轮丝杆升降器的传动下，能够带动所述移动支架沿所述导轨上下移动，所述毛刷轮通过毛刷轮转轴可转动地连接在所述移动支架上，所述工作台的外壁上开设有可供所述毛刷轮的转轴穿过的限位孔。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述毛刷轮驱动机构包括第四电机、主动皮带轮、从动皮带轮和皮带，所述第四电机安装在所述移动支架上，所述第四电机的动力输出端与所述主动皮带轮固定连接，所述毛刷轮转轴的外端与所述从动皮带轮同轴固定连接，所述皮带绕在所述主动链轮和从动链轮之间，当所述第四电机启动时，在所述主动皮带轮、从动皮带轮和皮带的传动下，能够带动所述毛刷轮转动。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述润滑冷却机构包括水箱、水泵和润滑冷却喷淋管件，所述水箱设置在所述机架的底部，所述水泵的进水端与所述水箱连接，所述水泵的出水端与所述润滑冷却喷淋管件连接，所述润滑冷却喷淋管件设有与所述导料通 道的高位端相对的第一喷头，所述润滑冷却喷淋管件通过第一喷头喷出来的水能够由所述导料通道的高位端流向所述导料通道的低位端。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的剥虾壳机，其特征在于，所述清洗机构包括水箱、水泵和清洗喷淋管件，所述水箱设置在所述机架的底部，所述水泵的进水端与所述水箱连接，所述水泵的出水端与所述清洗喷淋管件连接，所述清洗喷淋管件与所述左压辊或所述右压辊平行，所述清洗喷淋管件沿其长度方向等距间隔地设有多个与所述左压辊或所述右压辊相对的第二喷头，所述清洗喷淋管件通过第二喷头喷出来的水能够冲洗所述左压辊或所述右压辊的表面。
PCT/CN2018/117341 2018-05-29 2018-11-24 一种剥虾壳机 WO2019227880A1 (zh)

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