WO2019227293A1 - 轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法及轮齿齿廓的修形方法 - Google Patents
轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法及轮齿齿廓的修形方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019227293A1 WO2019227293A1 PCT/CN2018/088738 CN2018088738W WO2019227293A1 WO 2019227293 A1 WO2019227293 A1 WO 2019227293A1 CN 2018088738 W CN2018088738 W CN 2018088738W WO 2019227293 A1 WO2019227293 A1 WO 2019227293A1
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- reference point
- circle
- tooth
- tooth profile
- smoothness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F23/1218—Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/20—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B5/202—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures of gears
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a method for evaluating the smoothness of a gear tooth profile and a method for modifying a gear tooth profile.
- Gears inevitably have in-and-out impacts, sudden load changes, speed fluctuations, and various order vibrations with different formations and frequencies, resulting in the disadvantages of reducing transmission accuracy, shortening service life, reducing load carrying capacity, and increasing vibration noise. phenomenon. Therefore, from the perspectives of reducing the impact of intermeshing out and improving the smoothness of transmission, the gear profile must be modified.
- Tooth profile modification refers to the appropriate modification of the involute near the top of the meshing gear teeth to compensate for machining errors and elastic deformation, and to avoid or reduce the load impact generated when the gear is engaged.
- a method for evaluating the smoothness of a gear tooth profile and a method for modifying a gear tooth profile are provided.
- a method for evaluating the smoothness of a gear tooth profile includes:
- the outer contour curve includes a top curve and a side curve.
- the side curve is formed by connecting multiple tooth curves, and the multiple tooth curves include an original tooth curve. And at least one modified tooth profile;
- a method for modifying gear tooth profile includes:
- a computer device includes a memory and a processor.
- the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of the foregoing preferred embodiments are implemented.
- a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of the foregoing preferred embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for evaluating the smoothness of a tooth profile in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for modifying a tooth profile of a gear tooth in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scenario simulation in which the method for evaluating the smoothness of the tooth profile of a gear is executed;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a scenario simulation for performing a modification method of a gear tooth profile.
- the present invention provides a method for evaluating the smoothness of a tooth profile of a gear tooth, including steps S110 to S140.
- Step S110 Obtain the outer contour curve of the gear teeth to be tested.
- the outer contour curve includes a top curve and a side curve.
- the side curve is formed by connecting a plurality of tooth curves.
- the multiple tooth curves include an original tooth curve 10 and at least A modified shaped tooth curve 20.
- each gear includes a plurality of gear teeth, and the surface contours of the plurality of gear teeth are the same. Therefore, it is sufficient to evaluate the tooth profile smoothness of any one of the gear teeth.
- the outer contour curve of the gear teeth is a two-dimensional curve, that is, the contour of the end section.
- the top curve is generally an arc
- the side curve is two, which are connected to the two ends of the top curve and are symmetrically distributed.
- the original tooth profile curve 10 refers to the contour line during the initial design of the gear teeth
- the modified tooth profile curve 20 is a new contour line obtained by redesigning the part of the gear teeth near the top surface.
- the original tooth profile curve 10 and the modified tooth profile curve 20 are both known curves (curve equations are known).
- modified tooth profile curves 20 There may be only one or a plurality of modified tooth profile curves 20.
- the above-mentioned method for evaluating the smoothness of the gear tooth profile needs to be performed multiple times, and if any one of the evaluation smoothness does not meet the requirements, the smoothness of the gear teeth to be tested does not meet the requirements.
- this embodiment is only described in a case where one modified tooth profile 20 is included.
- the above method can be implemented by a computer program or manually. Therefore, there are two ways to obtain the outer contour curve: one is to first collect the image information of the outer contour curve by the image acquisition module, quantize the image information, and finally obtain the quantized data information of the outer contour curve for computer program processing; The other is to obtain the outer contour curve through manual mapping.
- step S120 a first reference point A and a second reference point B are determined, and the first reference point A and the second reference point B are respectively located on two adjacent tooth-shaped curves.
- two adjacent tooth-shaped curves refer to the original tooth-shaped curve 10 and the modified tooth-shaped curve 20, so the first reference point A and the second reference point B are selected based on a preset rule. Any two points on the original toothed curve 10 and the modified toothed curve 20. Therefore, the first reference point A and the second reference point B are located on both sides of the intersection point F of the original tooth profile curve 10 and the modified tooth profile curve 20, respectively. The distances between the first reference point A and the second reference point B and the intersection point F may be equal or unequal.
- the first reference point A and the second reference point B serve as a reference when judging whether the transition between the original tooth profile curve 10 and the modified tooth profile curve 20 is smooth, so as to evaluate whether the smoothness of the gear to be tested meets requirements.
- the above step S120 includes: obtaining an intersection projection point of the intersection point F on the symmetry axis L of the gear tooth to be measured, the symmetry axis L passing through and bisects the top surface curve; selecting and intersecting on both sides of the intersection projection point respectively
- the projection points are separated by reference projection points with a preset distance L; the two reference projection points are respectively projected on two adjacent tooth profiles (ie, the original tooth profile 10 and the modified tooth profile 20 in this embodiment)
- the first and second reference points A and B are obtained respectively.
- the axis of symmetry L passes through the center of the gear where the gear teeth to be measured are located.
- the axis of symmetry L passes through the top surface of the gear teeth to be measured and bisects the top surface curve.
- the preset distance is 0.1 mm.
- the determination of the first reference point A and the second reference point B may also adopt other methods. For example, directly designating two points on the original toothed curve 10 and the modified toothed curve 20 at a predetermined distance from the intersection F can also serve as a reference.
- Step S130 Determine a reference circle 30 of a preset radius, and a center O of the reference circle 30 is located at a point F passing through the intersection F of two adjacent tooth-shaped curves and perpendicular to the line connecting the first reference point A and the second reference point B. On a straight line, the intersection F is located on the reference circle 30.
- the values of the center O and the radius are determined first.
- the value of the radius is a preset value and can be set according to the situation.
- the radius of the reference circle 30 is between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm. Further, the radius of the reference circle 30 is 0.8 mm.
- the determination process of the circle center O is as follows: connect the first reference point A and the second reference point B to obtain a connection line, and lead the perpendicular line of the connection line from the intersection point F; extend the perpendicular line to a point so that the point and the intersection point The distance between F is equal to the distance of the radius length of the reference circle 30. At this time, the end of the extension of the perpendicular line can be used as the center O of the reference circle 30.
- the intersection point F is located on the reference circle 30, and the line between the circle center O and the intersection point F is one of the radii of the reference circle 30.
- the obtained reference circle 30 is tangent to the intersection F.
- the radius of this reference circle 30 is the same as the radius of the scroll circle 40 assumed to roll along the inside of the outer contour curve. That is, if the rolling circle 40 can pass through the intersection point F tangentially during the rolling process, the state at the intersection point F is the same as the state where the reference circle 30 is tangent to the intersection point F.
- the radius of the reference circle 30 is greater than the length of the line connecting the first reference point A and the second reference point B.
- the accuracy and accuracy of the evaluation result can be prevented from being adversely affected because the distance between the first reference point A and the second reference point B is too large.
- step S140 when the distance between the first reference point A and the second reference point B and the center of the circle is greater than or equal to the radius of the reference circle 30, it is determined that the smoothness of the gear to be tested meets the requirements.
- the radius of the circle 30 is the distance from the center O to the intersection F.
- the distance between the first reference point A and the second reference point B and the center of the circle is greater than the radius of the reference circle 30, it indicates that the scroll circle 40 can be scrolled to overlap the reference circle 30, and the first reference point A and the second reference
- the point B does not limit the rolling circle 40, that is, the rolling circle 40 can pass through the intersection point F tangentially. Therefore, it can be judged that the smoothness of the gear teeth to be tested meets the requirements.
- the rolling circle 40 when the distance between at least one of the first reference point A and the second reference point B and the center of the circle is smaller than the radius of the reference circle 30, it means that the rolling circle 40 will be taken by the first reference point before it has rolled to the intersection F. A or second reference point B limit. Therefore, the rolling circle 40 cannot pass through the intersection point F tangentially, and the rolling circle 40 cannot contact the intersection point F during the rolling process. At this time, the two adjacent tooth profile curves (that is, the original tooth profile curve 10 and the modified tooth profile curve 20 in this embodiment) are not a smooth transition, so the smoothness of the gears to be tested does not meet the requirements.
- the radius of the reference circle 30 it is also possible to compare the smoothness of the teeth required for different modifications. Specifically, the larger the radius of the reference circle 30 is, the smoother the arc of the reference circle 30 is; the smaller the radius is, the steeper the arc of the reference circle 30 is. Therefore, if the radius of the reference circle 30 corresponding to the first gear tooth is larger than the radius of the reference circle 30 corresponding to the second gear tooth, the smoothness of the first gear tooth on the surface is higher.
- the method further includes the steps of: obtaining coordinate values of the intersection point F, the first reference point A, the second reference point B, and the circle center O in a preset coordinate system, and obtaining the first reference point A and the first reference point according to the coordinate values. The distance between the reference point B and the center of the circle.
- the method selected in this embodiment is to determine the distance according to the coordinate value of each point in the coordinate system. Since the curve equations of the original tooth profile 10 and the modified tooth profile 20 and the radius of the reference circle 30 are known, the coordinate values of each point can also be obtained.
- KAB (yb-ya) / (xb-xa); where (xa, ya) and (xb, yb) are the coordinate values of the two points A and B, respectively;
- a first reference point A, a second reference point B, and a reference circle 30 are first determined. Moreover, since the intersection point F of the original tooth profile curve 10 and the modified tooth profile curve 20 is located on the reference circle 30, the distance from the center O of the reference circle 30 to the intersection point F is equal to the radius of the reference circle 30. Assume that there is a scroll circle 40 that can roll along the inside of the outer contour curve, which is the same as the reference circle 30. When the distance between the first reference point A and the second reference point B and the center of the circle is greater than the radius of the reference circle 30, the scroll As the circle 40 passes through the intersection F, it will be tangent to the intersection F.
- the present invention further provides a method for modifying a tooth profile of a gear tooth.
- the method includes steps S210 to S260.
- step S220 a first reference point A and a second reference point B are determined, and the first reference point A and the second reference point B are respectively located on two adjacent tooth-shaped curves.
- Step S230 Determine a reference circle 30 of a preset radius.
- the center O of the reference circle 30 is located at a point F passing through the intersection F of two adjacent tooth-shaped curves and perpendicular to the line connecting the first reference point A and the second reference point B. On a straight line, the intersection F is located on the reference circle 30.
- step S240 when the distance between the first reference point A and the second reference point B and the center of the circle is greater than or equal to the radius of the reference circle 30, it is determined that the smoothness of the gear teeth to be tested meets the requirements.
- the above steps S210 to S240 are the same as the execution process of the above-mentioned method for evaluating the smoothness of the tooth profile of the gear teeth, so they are not repeated here.
- step S250 when the distance between the first reference point A or the second reference point B and the center of the circle is smaller than the radius of the reference circle 30, the modification tooth profile 20 is modified to reduce the modification amount.
- the modification tooth profile 20 needs to be adjusted.
- the purpose of the adjustment is to reduce the amount of modification, thereby making the transition between the original tooth profile curve 10 and the new modified tooth profile curve 50 smoother.
- the above step 250 is specifically: selecting a new modified tooth profile curve 50 from a preset modified curve database to replace the modified tooth profile curve 20.
- the modification curve database stores a plurality of modification curves that meet the needs of gear tooth modification in advance. Therefore, when modifying the modification tooth profile 20, there is no need to recalculate, and the corresponding modification curve can be directly selected from the existing database and replaced, so the efficiency is higher.
- the process returns to step S210 to perform the same process, so as to evaluate the new outer contour curve of the gear tooth again. If the smoothness evaluation still does not meet the requirements, the new modified tooth profile 50 needs to be modified again. After repeated iterations, a modified tooth profile can be obtained that meets both the tooth shape modification requirements and the smoothness requirements.
- the above-mentioned modification method of the tooth profile is first evaluated by the method of evaluating the smoothness of the tooth profile.
- the modification tooth profile curve 20 is modified to reduce the modification. the amount.
- the transition between the new modification tooth profile curve 50 and the adjacent tooth profile curve will become smoother.
- the method of evaluating the smoothness of the tooth profile of the gear teeth is evaluated again to determine whether the smoothness of the gear teeth meets the requirements. After multiple cycles, a modified tooth profile curve can be obtained to make the smoothness of the gear teeth meet the requirements. therefore.
- the smoothness of the gear tooth profile can be effectively improved by the above-mentioned modification method of the gear tooth profile.
- the present invention also provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program.
- the processor executes a computer program, the steps of implementing the method for evaluating the smoothness of the gear tooth profile or the method for modifying the gear tooth profile are implemented.
- the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
- the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for evaluating the smoothness of the gear tooth profile or the method for modifying the gear tooth profile are implemented.
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Claims (10)
- 一种轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法,其特征在于,包括:获取待测轮齿的外轮廓曲线,所述外轮廓曲线包括顶面曲线及侧面曲线,所述侧面曲线由多个齿形曲线连接形成,所述多条齿形曲线中包括一个原始齿形曲线及至少一个修形齿形曲线;确定第一参照点及第二参照点,所述第一参照点及所述第二参照点分别位于相邻的两个所述齿形曲线上;确定预设半径的参照圆,所述参照圆的圆心位于穿过相邻的两个所述齿形曲线的交点并与第一参照点与所述第二参照点的连线垂直的直线上,所述交点位于所述参照圆上;当所述第一参照点及所述第二参照点与所述参照圆的圆心之间的距离大于等于所述参照圆的半径时,则判断所述待测轮齿的平滑度符合需求。
- 根据权利要求1所述的轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法,其特征在于,所述确定第一参照点及第二参照点,所述第一参照点及所述第二参照点分别位于相邻的两个所述齿形曲线上的步骤包括:获取所述交点在所述待测轮齿的对称轴上的相交投影点,所述对称轴穿过且平分所述顶面曲线;在所述相交投影点两侧分别选取与所述相交投影点间隔预设距离的参照投影点;将两个所述参照投影点分别投影于相邻的两个所述齿形曲线上以分别得到所述第一参照点及所述第二参照点。
- 根据权利要求1所述的轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法,其特征在于,所述参照圆的半径大于所述第一参照点及所述第二参照点连线的长度。
- 根据权利要求1所述的轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法,其特征在于,所述参照圆的半径位于0.3毫米至1.5毫米之间。
- 根据权利要求4所述的轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法,其特征在于,所述参照圆的半径为0.8毫米。
- 根据权利要求1所述的轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法,其特征在于,在所述当所述第一参照点及所述第二参照点与所述圆心之间的距离大于等于所述参照圆的半径时,则判断所述待测轮齿的平滑度符合需求的步骤之前,还包括步骤:获取所述交点、所述第一参照点、所述第二参照点及所述圆心在预设坐标系中的坐标值,并根据所述坐标值获取所述第一参照点及所述第二参照点与所述圆心之间的距离。
- 一种轮齿齿廓的修形方法,其特征在于,包括:如上述权利要求1至6任一项所述的轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法;当所述第一参照点或所述第二参照点与所述圆心之间的距离小于所述参照圆的半径时,对所述修形齿形曲线进行修改,以减小修形量;返回执行所述轮齿齿廓平滑度的评估方法并以此循环,直至所述待测轮齿的平滑度符合需求。
- 根据权利要求7所述的轮齿齿廓的修形方法,其特征在于,所述当所述第一参照点或所述第二参照点与所述圆心之间的距离小于所述参照圆的半径时,对所述修形齿形曲线进行修改,以减小修形量的步骤具体为:从预设的修形曲线数据库中选取新的修形齿形曲线以替换所述修形齿形曲线。
- 一种计算机设备,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现权利要求1至8中任一项所述方法的步骤。
- 一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
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CN116933446A (zh) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-24 | 华中科技大学 | 一种注塑齿轮特征模型的识别方法、装置以及电子设备 |
CN116933446B (zh) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-05 | 华中科技大学 | 一种注塑齿轮特征模型的识别方法、装置以及电子设备 |
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