WO2019225304A1

WO2019225304A1 - Skin material

Info

Publication number: WO2019225304A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/018242
Authority: WO
Inventors: 泰弘上田; 宮崎　健司
Original assignee: トヨタ紡織株式会社
Priority date: 2018-05-23
Filing date: 2019-05-07
Publication date: 2019-11-28
Also published as: CN112135728A; DE112019002594T5; CN112135728B

Abstract

Provided is a skin material that suppresses an increase in temperature of various articles. A skin material (1) includes a front layer (3) and a back layer (5) stacked on the back of the front layer (3) with or without an adhesive layer therebetween. The back layer (5) is a second fiber assembly not containing carbon black but containing fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm. In this skin material (1), near-infrared rays pass through the front layer (3) and are reflected by the back layer (5). Hence, an increase in temperature of various articles using the skin material (1) as a skin is effectively suppressed.

Description

Skin material

The present invention relates to a skin material.

Genuine leather, synthetic leather, knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, and the like are sometimes used as interior skins for interior articles such as automobiles.
However, these skins do not have particularly excellent reflection performance for near-infrared reflection.
For this reason, for example, when sunlight enters from the window glass of an automobile, most of the near infrared rays of sunlight are absorbed by the interior article and accumulated as thermal energy. Therefore, the temperature of the interior article rises, and the temperature may become so high that it is difficult to touch with the hand.
In addition, an air conditioner is used to cool interior articles whose temperature has risen, which reduces the efficiency of the air conditioner, and consequently the energy consumption efficiency of the automobile.
Therefore, various studies have been made on the skin material in order to suppress the temperature rise of various articles such as interior articles (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2004-358664 A

However, in the prior art, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of various articles is not always sufficient, and further improvement in performance has been demanded.
Further, as a conventional technique, a technique for kneading an additive such as titanium oxide into a fiber or a technique for supporting an additive such as titanium oxide on a fiber is known for improving the reflectance of near infrared rays. However, when fine yarns such as split yarns are used, there are problems that it is difficult to knead the additive, and that the additive falls off even if the additive is supported.
This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and it aims at suppressing the temperature rise of various articles | goods. The present invention can be realized as the following forms.

[1] a surface layer composed of a first fiber assembly in which fibers not containing carbon black are the main constituent fibers;
A back layer laminated on the back side of the surface layer, with or without an adhesive layer, and
A skin material with
The skin material according to claim 1, wherein the back layer is a second fiber aggregate that does not contain carbon black and contains fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and not greater than 5 μm.

[2] The surface layer has near infrared transparency,
The skin material according to [1], wherein the back layer has near-infrared reflectivity.

[3] The second fiber aggregate is at least one selected from the group consisting of a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, a melt blown nonwoven fabric, and a needle punched nonwoven fabric [1] or [2] The skin material described in 1.

[4] The skin material according to [3], wherein the second fiber aggregate is a melt blown nonwoven fabric.

[5] The fiber having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm is at least one selected from the group consisting of synthetic fibers, regenerated fibers, and natural fibers [1] to [4] The skin material of any one of these.

[6] A skin material,
Comprising a fiber assembly that does not contain carbon black and contains fibers with a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm;
When a cube having a side of 0.1 to 0.5 mm is cut out from an image obtained by observing the skin material with X-ray CT, the total volume of the cube is 100%. The volume ratio that is the ratio of the volume occupied by the fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm is 3% or more and 20% or less, and the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is 0.42 or less. Characteristic skin material.

[7] The skin material according to [6], which has near-infrared reflectivity.

[8] The fiber aggregate is at least one selected from the group consisting of a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, a melt blown nonwoven fabric, a needle punched nonwoven fabric, and a flocked sheet [6] or [7 ] The skin material of any one of.

[9] The skin material according to any one of [6] to [8], wherein the fiber having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm is a synthetic fiber.

[10] The skin material according to any one of [1] to [9], which is used as a skin of an automobile door trim.

[11] The skin material according to any one of [1] to [9], which is used as a skin of an automobile package tray.

[12] The skin material according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the skin material is used as a skin of an automobile sheet base material.

When the skin material of the invention of [1] is used, near infrared light is transmitted through the surface layer and reflected by the back surface layer. Thereby, the temperature rise of the various articles | goods coat | covered with the skin material of this invention can be suppressed.
According to the invention of [6], it is possible to provide a skin material that suppresses the temperature rise of various articles.

The invention will be further described in the following detailed description, given by way of non-limiting example of exemplary embodiments according to the invention, with reference to the mentioned drawings.
It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a skin material. In the figure, arrows indicate near infrared rays (the same applies to the following figures). It is sectional drawing which shows the state which fixed the skin material to the base material. It is an example of data which measured the back layer by X-ray CT. It is sectional drawing of an example of a composite yarn. It is a figure explaining the method of a lamp irradiation test. It is sectional drawing which shows the skin material of Experimental example 2A (comparative example 1A). It is sectional drawing which shows the skin material of Experimental example 3A (comparative example 2A). It is a graph which shows the test result of a lamp irradiation test. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a skin material. In the figure, arrows indicate near infrared rays. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which fixed the skin material to the base material. It is a graph which shows the test result of a lamp irradiation test. The relationship between fiber diameter and ultimate temperature is shown. It is a graph which shows the test result of a lamp irradiation test. The relationship between volume ratio and ultimate temperature is shown.

The items shown here are exemplary and illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention, and are the most effective and easy-to-understand explanations of the principles and conceptual features of the present invention. It is stated for the purpose of providing what seems to be. In this respect, it is not intended to illustrate the structural details of the present invention beyond what is necessary for a fundamental understanding of the present invention. It will be clear to those skilled in the art how it is actually implemented.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In the present specification, the description using “˜” in the numerical range includes the lower limit value and the upper limit value unless otherwise specified. For example, the description “10 to 20” includes both the lower limit “10” and the upper limit “20”. That is, “10 to 20” has the same meaning as “10 to 20”.

A. 1st Embodiment As shown in FIG. 1, the skin material 1 of the first embodiment has a surface layer 3 and a back layer 5 laminated on the back side of the surface layer 3 with or without an adhesive layer. Is provided. The skin material 1 may further include another layer on the back surface side of the back surface layer 5.

1. Surface layer (1) Constituent fiber of surface layer (first fiber aggregate) The surface layer is a first fiber aggregate whose main constituent fiber is a fiber not containing carbon black (fiber with a carbon black content of 0 wt%). Consists of. The material of the constituent fiber is not particularly limited.
Here, the “main constituent fiber” refers to the constituent fiber having the largest weight among the constituent fibers contained in the first fiber assembly. The content of the main constituent fiber is preferably 60 parts by weight or more, more preferably 80 parts by weight or more, with respect to 100 parts by weight of all the constituent fibers contained in the first fiber aggregate, and 90 weights. More preferably, it is part or more. The content of the main constituent fiber may be 100 parts by weight.

(2) Single fiber diameter of main constituent fiber The single fiber diameter of the main constituent fiber is not particularly limited.
When the cross-sectional shape of the single fiber is an irregular cross-section other than the round cross-section, the diameter of the circumscribed circle is the single fiber diameter. The single fiber diameter can be measured by photographing the cross section of the fiber with a scanning electron microscope.

(3) Cross-sectional shape of main constituent fiber The single yarn cross-sectional shape of the main constituent fiber is not particularly limited. Examples of the single yarn cross-sectional shape include a round cross section and an irregular cross section other than the round cross section. The shape of the irregular cross section is triangular cross section, square cross section, pentagon cross section, flat cross section, wedge cross section, cross section similar to each letter of the alphabet (Y cross section, C cross section, H cross section, I cross section, W cross section) Etc.) and the like are preferably exemplified. The method for obtaining a fiber having an irregular cross section is not particularly limited.

(4) Material of main constituent fiber The main constituent fiber may be any of synthetic fiber, regenerated fiber, semi-synthetic fiber, and natural fiber.
The synthetic fiber is not particularly limited. For example, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber, polybutylene terephthalate fiber, polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber and polylactic acid fiber; polyamide fibers such as polyamide 6 fiber and polyamide 66 fiber; polyacrylic fiber and polypropylene fiber Various synthetic fibers such as polyolefin-based fibers can be used.
Among these fibers, polyester-based fibers, particularly PET fibers, are preferable from the viewpoint of high versatility and cost.
The synthetic fiber may be an undrawn yarn, a semi-drawn yarn, or a mixed yarn in which these are mixed.
The recycled fiber is not particularly limited. For example, cellulose-based rayon, purified cellulose fiber-based lyocell, or the like can be used. There are various types of rayon such as polynosic, viscose and cupra rayon.
The semi-synthetic fiber is not particularly limited. For example, cellulose acetate, protein promix, etc. can be used.
The natural fiber is not particularly limited. For example, plant fibers such as cotton and hemp, and animal fibers such as silk and animal hair (for example, wool) can be used.

(5) Other constituent fibers other than main constituent fibers Other constituent fibers other than the main constituent fibers are not particularly limited. That is, the single fiber diameter, single yarn cross-sectional shape, and material of other constituent fibers can be arbitrarily selected. Moreover, 2 or more types may be sufficient as another structural fiber.

(6) Form of first fiber aggregate The form of the first fiber aggregate is not particularly limited. The first fiber aggregate is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of needle punched nonwoven fabrics, knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, melt blown nonwoven fabrics, and spunbonded nonwoven fabrics from the viewpoint of easy manufacture. From the viewpoint of easy manufacture, the fiber assembly is particularly preferably a needle punched nonwoven fabric.
The needle punched nonwoven fabric is manufactured by interlacing fibers by reciprocating movement of a needle made of metal or the like, for example.
The knitted fabric may be either a warp knitting or a weft knitting. Examples of the weft knitting include a basic structure (flat knitting, rubber knitting, pearl knitting) and its changing structure. In addition, examples of warp knitting include basic structures (Denby knitting, code knitting, atlas knitting, chain knitting) and their changed structures.
The structure of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, and for example, various woven fabrics such as a plain woven fabric, a twill woven fabric, a satin woven fabric, and combinations thereof can be used.
The melt blown nonwoven fabric is manufactured, for example, by thinning fibers with a high-temperature air melted from a resin and sprayed from around a spinning nozzle.
A spunbonded nonwoven fabric is manufactured, for example, by melting a resin to form fibers (yarns), opening and depositing them on a net to form a web, and then bonding them into a sheet.

(7) Thickness of the first fiber aggregate The thickness of the first fiber aggregate is not particularly limited. The thickness of the first fiber aggregate is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of suppressing the manufacturing cost and increasing the transmittance. Further preferred.

(8) The basis weight of the fiber assembly The basis weight of the first fiber assembly is not particularly limited. Basis weight of the first fiber aggregate is preferably from 10 g / ^{m 2} or more 1500 g / ^{m 2} or less, from the viewpoint of reducing the fear impairing decorative show through the back surface layer, 15 g / ^{m 2} or more 1000 g / ^{m 2} more preferably not more than, 20 g / ^{m 2} or more 500 g / ^{m 2} or less is more preferable.

2. Back surface layer (1) Configuration of back surface layer The back surface layer is laminated on the back surface side of the surface layer with or without an adhesive layer.
The adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and can be formed by applying a known adhesive by a known method.
As an example of the case where the back layer is laminated on the surface layer without an adhesive layer, for example, one of the surface layer and the back layer is formed in advance, and either the surface layer or the back layer is formed thereon. The case where it forms directly can be mentioned suitably. For example, as a method of directly forming the other, a melt blow method can be suitably employed. In this case, at least the other of the front surface layer and the back surface layer is composed of a melt blown nonwoven fabric. In other words, at least the other of the first fiber assembly and the second fiber assembly is made of a melt blown nonwoven fabric.
Moreover, the case where a surface punch and a back surface layer are needle-punched can be mentioned suitably as another example in case the back surface layer is laminated | stacked on the surface layer without the adhesive layer. In this case, the constituent fibers of the first fiber aggregate and the constituent fibers of the second fiber aggregate are entangled.
In addition, as another example of the case where the back surface layer is laminated on the front surface layer without an adhesive layer, for example, a case where the front surface layer and the back surface layer are integrated with a suture may be preferably mentioned. it can.

(2) Constituent fibers of the back surface layer (second fiber aggregate) The back surface layer does not contain carbon black (carbon black content is 0 wt%), and contains fibers with a single fiber diameter of more than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm. The second fiber assembly.
Carbon black is not contained in the fiber having a single fiber diameter larger than 1 μm and not larger than 5 μm (the carbon black content is 0 wt%). This is because when the carbon black is included, the reflection performance of the second fiber aggregate is lowered.

(3) Single fiber diameter of the fiber contained in the second fiber assembly In the present invention, the single fiber diameter of the fiber contained in the second fiber assembly is greater than 1 μm and not greater than 5 μm, and preferably not less than 2 μm and not greater than 5 μm. . When the single fiber diameter is within this range, the reflection performance of the skin material for near infrared rays is excellent. Therefore, the temperature rise of various articles covered with the skin material can be suppressed.
The reason why the reflection performance is excellent when the single fiber diameter is within this range is not clear, but when the single fiber diameter is within this range, the single fiber diameter is within the range of several times the near infrared wavelength, and Mie scattering and This is presumed to be due to the phenomenon of light scattering.
When the cross-sectional shape of the single fiber is an irregular cross-section other than the round cross-section, the diameter of the circumscribed circle is the single fiber diameter. The single fiber diameter can be measured by photographing the cross section of the fiber with a scanning electron microscope.

(4) The cross-sectional shape of the fiber contained in the second fiber assembly The single-fiber cross-sectional shape of the fiber having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm is not particularly limited. Examples of the single yarn cross-sectional shape include a round cross section and an irregular cross section other than the round cross section. The shape of the irregular cross section is triangular cross section, square cross section, pentagon cross section, flat cross section, wedge cross section, cross section similar to each letter of the alphabet (Y cross section, C cross section, H cross section, I cross section, W cross section) Etc.) and the like are preferably exemplified. The method for obtaining a fiber having an irregular cross section is not particularly limited. For example, there are [1] a method of making the shape of the die used at the time of melt spinning irregular, and [2] a method of making the cross section of the composite by spinning two or more types of polymers and dividing them. The fiber produced by the latter method is also called split yarn.
In the first embodiment, from the viewpoint of improving the reflectance, the single yarn cross-sectional shape is preferably a triangular cross section or a flat cross section.
In addition, when using split fiber, you may form a 2nd fiber assembly from the split fiber previously divided | segmented. Also, after forming a precursor (knitted fabric, woven fabric, etc.) of the second fiber assembly from a composite yarn containing a plurality of resins, the precursor is chemically treated to divide and open the composite yarn to obtain a split fiber. Good.

(5) Fibers having a single fiber diameter greater than 1 μm and not less than 5 μm The second fiber aggregate may contain fibers having a single fiber diameter greater than 1 μm and not less than 5 μm (hereinafter also referred to as “other fibers”). . However, when the total amount of fibers contained in the second fiber assembly is 100 parts by weight, it is preferable that 5 parts by weight or more of fibers having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm are included, and 10 parts by weight or more. More preferably, it is more preferably 15 parts by weight or more. This is because the reflection performance of the second fiber aggregate is particularly excellent when the amount of fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than 5 μm is within this range. From the viewpoint of excellent reflection performance, the fibers contained in the second fiber assembly are preferably composed of fibers having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm. That is, when the total amount of fibers contained in the second fiber assembly is 100 parts by weight, it is preferable that 100 parts by weight of fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm is included.

(6) Fiber Material The fiber having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and 5 μm or less may be any of synthetic fiber, regenerated fiber, semi-synthetic fiber, and natural fiber.
The synthetic fiber is not particularly limited. For example, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber, polybutylene terephthalate fiber, polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber and polylactic acid fiber; polyamide fibers such as polyamide 6 fiber and polyamide 66 fiber; polyacrylic fiber and polypropylene fiber Various synthetic fibers such as polyolefin-based fibers can be used.
Among these fibers, polyolefin fibers (particularly polypropylene fibers), polyester fibers, and polyamide fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of high versatility and cost.
As a fiber having a single fiber diameter larger than 1 μm and not larger than 5 μm, not only a single type of fiber but also two or more types of fibers can be mixed and used.
The synthetic fiber may be an undrawn yarn, a semi-drawn yarn, or a mixed yarn in which these are mixed.
The recycled fiber is not particularly limited. For example, cellulose-based rayon, purified cellulose fiber-based lyocell, or the like can be used. There are various types of rayon such as polynosic, viscose and cupra rayon.
The semi-synthetic fiber is not particularly limited. For example, cellulose acetate, protein promix, etc. can be used.
The natural fiber is not particularly limited. For example, plant fibers such as cotton and hemp, and animal fibers such as silk and animal hair (for example, wool) can be used.

(7) Form of second fiber assembly The form of the second fiber assembly is not particularly limited. The fiber aggregate is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, a meltblown nonwoven fabric (meltblown nonwoven fabric), and a needle punched nonwoven fabric from the viewpoint of easy manufacture. The fiber aggregate is particularly preferably a melt blown nonwoven fabric from the viewpoint of easy production.
The knitted fabric may be either a warp knitting or a weft knitting. Examples of the weft knitting include a basic structure (flat knitting, rubber knitting, pearl knitting) and its changing structure. In addition, examples of warp knitting include basic structures (Denby knitting, code knitting, atlas knitting, chain knitting) and their changed structures.
The structure of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, and for example, various woven fabrics such as a plain woven fabric, a twill woven fabric, a satin woven fabric, and combinations thereof can be used.
A spunbonded nonwoven fabric is manufactured, for example, by melting a resin to form fibers (yarns), opening and depositing them on a net to form a web, and then bonding them into a sheet.
The melt blown nonwoven fabric is manufactured, for example, by thinning fibers with a high-temperature air melted from a resin and sprayed from around a spinning nozzle.
The needle punched nonwoven fabric is manufactured by interlacing fibers by reciprocating movement of a needle made of metal or the like, for example.

(8) Thickness of the second fiber aggregate The thickness of the second fiber aggregate is not particularly limited. The thickness of the second fiber aggregate is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of suppressing the manufacturing cost and increasing the reflectance. Further preferred.

(9) The basis weight of the second fiber aggregate The basis weight of the second fiber aggregate is not particularly limited. The basis weight of the second fiber aggregate is preferably 10 g / m ² or more and 1500 g / m ² or less, more preferably 15 g / m ² or more and 1000 g / m ² or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing the manufacturing cost and increasing the reflectance. 20 g / m ² or more and 500 g / m ² or less is more preferable.

(10) Volume ratio, which is the ratio of the volume occupied by the fibers in the second fiber assembly, and orientation tensor From an image obtained by observing the second fiber assembly with X-ray CT, one side is 0.1 When a cube of 0.5 mm is cut out and the total volume of the cube is taken as 100%, the volume ratio, which is the ratio of the volume occupied by fibers having a single fiber diameter greater than 1 μm and less than 5 μm, is 3 % To 20%, preferably 4% to 18%, more preferably 5% to 15%.
Further, the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is preferably 0.42 or less, and more preferably 0.37 or less.

In the second fiber assembly, the volume ratio (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “volume ratio”), which is the ratio of the volume occupied by the fiber, and the fiber orientation state (orientation tensor) can be obtained as follows. . The second fiber aggregate is imaged with X-rays from various directions, and is calculated from data (for example, see FIG. 3) measured using X-ray CT (Computed Tomography) in which reconstruction processing is performed by a computer. be able to. Thereby, the 2nd fiber assembly used as object can be evaluated nondestructively. As the X-ray inspection apparatus, for example, nano3DX manufactured by Rigaku Corporation can be used. As the analysis software, for example, GeoDict manufactured by Math2Market GmbH can be used.

Then, when a cube having one side of 0.1 to 0.5 mm is cut out from an image obtained by observing the second fiber aggregate by X-ray CT, and the total volume of the cube is 100% The volume ratio, which is the ratio of the volume occupied by fibers having a single fiber diameter greater than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm, contained in the cube is determined.
As described above, the volume ratio is preferably 3% to 20%, more preferably 4% to 8%, and still more preferably 5% to 15%.
When the volume ratio is within this range, the temperature increase of the article having the skin material of the present embodiment as the skin is effectively suppressed.

The orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is obtained when the plane direction of the second fiber assembly determined by the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis orthogonal to each other is the XY plane, and the axis orthogonal to the XY plane is the Z-axis. This is an index in which the fibers constituting the two-fiber assembly are oriented in the Z axis. The sum of numerical values in the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction is 1.
Specifically, the orientation tensor is calculated as follows. A three-dimensional model is reconstructed from data measured using X-ray CT. From this three-dimensional model, an orientation tensor (Txx, Tyy, Tzz) can be calculated. Txx, Tyy, and Tzz indicate alignment tensors in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, respectively. As described above, Txx + Tyy + Tzz = 1. For example, when each orientation tensor value is 0.33, it can be evaluated that the orientation is random.
In the present embodiment, the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is preferably 0.42 or less, and more preferably 0.37 or less (the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is usually larger than 0). When the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is within this range, the temperature increase of the article having the skin material of the present embodiment as the skin is effectively suppressed.

The volume ratio and the value of the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction can be adjusted by, for example, density adjustment or press working after manufacturing in a melt blown nonwoven fabric.

3. Manufacturing method of skin material The manufacturing method of a skin material is not specifically limited.
For example, a production method in which a second fiber aggregate (back surface layer) is formed by blowing resin from a spinning nozzle on the first fiber aggregate (surface layer) produced by an arbitrary manufacturing method such as a needle punch is suitable. Adopted. This manufacturing method is a method of forming the second fiber aggregate on the first fiber aggregate by melt blowing. When this manufacturing method is used, the first fiber assembly and the second fiber assembly are bonded without providing a separate adhesive layer between the first fiber assembly and the second fiber assembly. Moreover, since this manufacturing method is simpler than other methods, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
In addition, a 2nd fiber assembly can also be formed using a composite yarn (composite fiber). In this case, first, a knitted fabric or a woven fabric is formed using a composite yarn (composite fiber) containing a plurality of resins. Thereafter, the second fiber assembly can be produced by subjecting the knitted fabric or woven fabric to an alkali treatment to decompose or dissolve at least some of the plurality of resins and leave a resin portion that does not decompose and dissolve. . In this manufacturing method, when manufacturing a knitted fabric or a woven fabric, a composite fiber having a diameter that is easy to handle can be used. After that, the diameter of the fiber can be made smaller than that of the composite fiber by alkali treatment, so that the production is simple.
For example, the composite yarn 10 shown in FIG. 4 can be used (Berryma (trade name) manufactured by KB Seiren Co., Ltd.). The composite yarn 10 includes a plurality of wedge-shaped (triangular cross-section) portions 13 made of polyester and a radial portion 11 made of polyamide. The adjacent wedge-shaped (triangular cross-section) portions 13 have a structure divided by the radial portions 11. The composite yarn 10 is assembled to form a precursor (knitted fabric, woven fabric, etc.) in advance, and this precursor is chemically treated to decompose the polyamide portion 11 and leave a plurality of wedge-shaped polyester portions 13. Thus, a desired second fiber aggregate can be formed by dividing and opening.

4). Use of skin material The skin material of this embodiment is widely used as a skin material of articles (including parts) in various technical fields. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view when the skin material 1 is fixed to the surface of the substrate 15 of the article. The fixing method to the base material 15 of the skin material 1 is not limited to adhesion | attachment, A well-known method can be selected suitably.
The technical field in which the skin material of the present embodiment is used is not particularly limited. For example, in various industries such as vehicles such as automobiles and railroad vehicles, aircraft, ships, architecture, and apparel, it is suitably used in the technical field related to skin materials. Specific examples of articles using the skin material include interior materials for vehicles such as door trims, roof trims, package trays, seat sheets, furniture such as sofas, and household goods such as shoes, wallets, and clothes.
In particular, the skin material of this embodiment can be suitably used for articles that can be heated to high temperatures by sunlight, such as door trims (particularly the upper part), package trays, and sheets.
In addition, the material of the base material of various articles | goods is not specifically limited. As the material, for example, a polyolefin resin is preferably used. Specific examples of polyolefin resins include polypropylene, polyethylene, polybutene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene / propylene / diene ternary copolymer. Examples thereof include a polymer and an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer.

5. The effect of the skin material of this embodiment Since the skin material of this embodiment has near-infrared reflectivity, it can suppress the temperature rise of various articles | goods which used this skin material as a skin.

B. Second Embodiment A skin material according to a second embodiment includes a fiber assembly that does not include carbon black (the content of carbon black is 0 wt%) and includes fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm. .
The skin material 101 may be made of a fiber assembly 103 as shown in FIG.
The skin material 101 may include a surface layer on the surface in addition to the fiber assembly 103. Further, the skin material 101 may include a back surface layer on the back surface in addition to the fiber assembly 103. As the back layer, for example, a backing layer or a urethane foam layer is preferably exemplified. Here, the backing layer is a coating layer for reinforcing the skin material 101 and / or preventing impregnation of the adhesive.

1. Fiber (1) Carbon Black In this embodiment, the carbon contained in the fiber assembly does not contain carbon black (the carbon black content is 0 wt%). This is because when carbon black is included, the reflection performance of the fiber assembly is lowered.

(2) Single fiber diameter of fiber In this embodiment, the single fiber diameter of the fiber contained in a fiber assembly is larger than 1 micrometer and 5 micrometers or less, Preferably they are 2 micrometers or more and 5 micrometers or less. When the single fiber diameter is within this range, the reflection performance of the skin material for near infrared rays is excellent. Therefore, the temperature rise of various articles covered with the skin material can be suppressed.
The reason why the reflection performance is excellent when the single fiber diameter is within this range is not clear, but when the single fiber diameter is within this range, the single fiber diameter is within the range of several times the near infrared wavelength, and Mie scattering and This is presumed to be due to the phenomenon of light scattering.
When the cross-sectional shape of the single fiber is an irregular cross-section other than the round cross-section, the diameter of the circumscribed circle is the single fiber diameter. The single fiber diameter can be measured by photographing the cross section of the fiber with a scanning electron microscope.

(3) Cross-sectional shape of fiber The single-fiber cross-sectional shape of a fiber having a single fiber diameter greater than 1 μm and 5 μm or less is not particularly limited. Examples of the single yarn cross-sectional shape include a round cross section and an irregular cross section other than the round cross section. The shape of the irregular cross section is triangular cross section, square cross section, pentagon cross section, flat cross section, wedge cross section, cross section similar to each letter of the alphabet (Y cross section, C cross section, H cross section, I cross section, W cross section) Etc.) and the like are preferably exemplified. The method for obtaining a fiber having an irregular cross section is not particularly limited. For example, there are [1] a method of making the shape of the die used at the time of melt spinning irregular, and [2] a method of making the cross section of the composite by spinning two or more types of polymers and dividing them. The fiber produced by the latter method is also called split yarn.
In the present embodiment, from the viewpoint of improving the reflectance, the single yarn cross-sectional shape is preferably a triangular cross section or a flat cross section.
In addition, when using split fiber, you may form a fiber assembly from the split fiber previously divided | segmented. Also, after forming a fiber assembly precursor (knitted fabric, woven fabric, or flocked sheet) from a composite yarn containing a plurality of resins, the precursor is chemically treated to divide and open the composite yarn to obtain a split fiber. Also good.

(4) A fiber having a single fiber diameter greater than 1 μm and not less than 5 μm (hereinafter also referred to as “other fibers”)
The fiber assembly may contain fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and not less than 5 μm. However, when the total amount of fibers contained in the fiber assembly is 100 parts by weight, it is preferable that 5 parts by weight or more of fibers having a single fiber diameter larger than 1 μm and 5 μm or less are contained, and 10 parts by weight or more are contained. More preferably, it is more preferably 15 parts by weight or more. This is because the reflection performance of the fiber assembly is particularly excellent when the amount of fibers having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm is within this range. From the viewpoint of excellent reflection performance, the fibers contained in the fiber assembly are preferably composed of fibers having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm. That is, when the total amount of fibers contained in the fiber assembly is 100 parts by weight, it is preferable that 100 parts by weight of fibers having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm are included.

(5) Fiber Material The fiber having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 μm and not more than 5 μm may be any of synthetic fiber, regenerated fiber, semi-synthetic fiber, and natural fiber.
The synthetic fiber is not particularly limited. For example, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber, polybutylene terephthalate fiber, polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber and polylactic acid fiber; polyamide fibers such as polyamide 6 fiber and polyamide 66 fiber; polyacrylic fiber and polypropylene fiber Various synthetic fibers such as polyolefin-based fibers can be used.
Among these fibers, polyester fibers (particularly PET fibers), polypropylene fibers, and polyamide 6 fibers are preferred because of their high versatility.
As a fiber having a single fiber diameter larger than 1 μm and not larger than 5 μm, not only a single type of fiber but also two or more types of fibers can be mixed and used.
The synthetic fiber may be an undrawn yarn, a semi-drawn yarn, or a mixed yarn in which these are mixed.
The recycled fiber is not particularly limited. For example, cellulose-based rayon, purified cellulose fiber-based lyocell, or the like can be used. There are various types of rayon such as polynosic, viscose and cupra rayon.
The semi-synthetic fiber is not particularly limited. For example, cellulose acetate, protein promix, etc. can be used.
The natural fiber is not particularly limited. For example, plant fibers such as cotton and hemp, and animal fibers such as silk and animal hair (for example, wool) can be used.

2. Fiber assembly (1) Form of fiber assembly The form of the fiber assembly is not particularly limited. The fiber aggregate is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, a meltblown nonwoven fabric (meltblown nonwoven fabric), a needle punched nonwoven fabric, and a flocked sheet from the viewpoint of easy production. .
The knitted fabric may be either a warp knitting or a weft knitting. Examples of the weft knitting include a basic structure (flat knitting, rubber knitting, pearl knitting) and its changing structure. In addition, examples of warp knitting include basic structures (Denby knitting, code knitting, atlas knitting, chain knitting) and their changed structures.
The structure of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, and for example, various woven fabrics such as a plain woven fabric, a twill woven fabric, a satin woven fabric, and combinations thereof can be used.
A spunbonded nonwoven fabric is manufactured, for example, by melting a resin to form fibers (yarns), opening and depositing them on a net to form a web, and then bonding them into a sheet.
The melt blown nonwoven fabric is manufactured, for example, by thinning fibers with a high-temperature air melted from a resin and sprayed from around a spinning nozzle.
The needle punched nonwoven fabric is manufactured by interlacing fibers by reciprocating movement of a needle made of metal or the like, for example.
The flocked sheet is produced, for example, by flocking fibers on a sheet-like substrate (base part). From the viewpoint of easy production, electrostatic flocking (flocing) is preferably used.

(2) Thickness of fiber assembly The thickness of the fiber assembly is not particularly limited. The thickness of the fiber assembly is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and further preferably 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of suppressing the manufacturing cost and increasing the reflectance. .

(3) The basis weight of the fiber assembly The basis weight of the fiber assembly is not particularly limited. The weight per unit area of the fiber aggregate is preferably 10 g / m ² or more and 1500 g / m ² or less, more preferably 15 g / m ² or more and 1000 g / m ² or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing the manufacturing cost and increasing the reflectance. / M ² or more and 500 g / m ² or less is more preferable.

3. Skin material The skin material of this embodiment is provided with the above-mentioned fiber assembly. In the present embodiment, the skin material also has near infrared reflectivity due to the near infrared reflectivity of the fiber assembly.

(1) Volume ratio that is the ratio of the volume occupied by the fiber, and orientation tensor In the skin material, the volume ratio that is the ratio of the volume that the fiber occupies (hereinafter also simply referred to as “volume ratio”), and the orientation state of the fiber The (orientation tensor) can be determined as follows. It can be calculated from data (for example, see FIG. 3) measured using X-ray CT (Computed Tomography) in which a skin material is imaged with X-rays from various directions and reconstructed by a computer. . Thereby, the target skin material can be evaluated nondestructively. As the X-ray inspection apparatus, for example, nano3DX manufactured by Rigaku Corporation can be used. As the analysis software, for example, GeoDict made by Math2Market GmbH can be used.

Then, when a cube having a side of 0.1 to 0.5 mm is cut out from an image obtained by observing the skin material with X-ray CT, and the total volume of the cube is 100%, a cube is formed. The volume ratio, which is the ratio of the volume occupied by the fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm, is determined.
This volume ratio is 3% or more and 20% or less, preferably 4% or more and 18% or less, and more preferably 5% or more and 15% or less from the viewpoint of the temperature rise suppressing effect.
When the volume ratio is within this range, the temperature increase of the article having the skin material of the present embodiment as the skin is effectively suppressed.

The orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is the fabric when the plane direction of the fabric (skin material) determined by the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis orthogonal to each other is the XY plane, and the axis orthogonal to the XY plane is the Z-axis. Is an index in which the fibers constituting the are oriented in the Z-axis. The sum of numerical values in the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction is 1.
Specifically, the orientation tensor is calculated as follows. A three-dimensional model is reconstructed from data measured using X-ray CT. From this three-dimensional model, an orientation tensor (Txx, Tyy, Tzz) can be calculated. Txx, Tyy, and Tzz indicate alignment tensors in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, respectively. As described above, Txx + Tyy + Tzz = 1. For example, when each orientation tensor value is 0.33, it can be evaluated that the orientation is random.
In the present embodiment, the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is 0.42 or less and more preferably 0.37 or less (the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is usually larger than 0). When the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is within this range, the temperature rise of the coated article is effectively suppressed.

The volume ratio and the value of the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction can be adjusted as follows. For example, in a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, it can be adjusted by adjusting the yarn density. In the case of flocking, it can be adjusted by adjusting the fiber amount and fiber length at the time of flocking, or by pressing with an iron after flocking.

(2) Thickness of skin material The thickness of the skin material is not particularly limited. The thickness of the skin material is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, more preferably 0.2 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and further preferably 0.3 mm or more and 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of suppressing the manufacturing cost and increasing the reflectance.

4). Manufacturing method of skin material The manufacturing method of a skin material is not specifically limited.
In the case of producing a skin material using a composite yarn containing a plurality of resins, the following method can be suitably employed.
First, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, or a flocked sheet is formed using a composite yarn (composite fiber) containing a plurality of resins. Thereafter, the knitted fabric, woven fabric, or flocked sheet is subjected to treatment with alkali or hot water to decompose or dissolve at least some of the plurality of resins, leaving a resin portion that does not decompose and dissolve, A skin material can be manufactured. In this manufacturing method, when manufacturing a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, or a flocked sheet, a composite fiber having a diameter easy to handle can be used. Then, since the diameter of the fiber contained in the manufactured skin material can be made smaller than that of the composite fiber by alkali treatment, the production is simple.
For example, the composite yarn 10 shown in FIG. 4 can be used (Berryma (trade name) manufactured by KB Seiren Co., Ltd.). The composite yarn 10 includes a plurality of wedge-shaped (triangular cross-section) portions 13 made of polyester and a radial portion 11 made of polyamide. The adjacent wedge-shaped (triangular cross-section) portions 13 have a structure divided by the radial portions 11. The composite yarn 10 is assembled to form a precursor (knitted fabric, woven fabric, or flocked sheet) in advance, and the precursor is chemically treated to decompose the polyamide portion 11 to form a plurality of wedge-shaped polyester portions. By leaving 13, the fiber can be divided and opened to form a desired fiber assembly.

5. Use of skin material The skin material of this embodiment is widely used as a skin material of articles (including parts) in various technical fields. FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view when the skin material 101 is fixed to the surface of the base material 105 of the article. Reference numeral 107 denotes an adhesive layer. The fixing method of the skin material 101 to the base material 105 is not limited to adhesion, and a known method can be appropriately selected.
The technical field in which the skin material of the present embodiment is used is not particularly limited. For example, in various industries such as vehicles such as automobiles and railroad vehicles, aircraft, ships, architecture, and apparel, it is suitably used in the technical field related to skin materials. Specific examples of articles using the skin material include interior materials for vehicles such as door trims, roof trims, package trays, seat sheets, furniture such as sofas, and household goods such as shoes, wallets, and clothes.
In particular, the skin material of this embodiment can be suitably used for articles that can be heated to high temperatures by sunlight, such as door trims (particularly the upper part), package trays, and sheets.
In addition, the material of the base material of various articles | goods is not specifically limited. As the material, for example, a polyolefin resin is preferably used. Specific examples of polyolefin resins include polypropylene, polyethylene, polybutene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene / propylene / diene ternary copolymer. Examples thereof include a polymer, an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, polyamide 6, ABS, and polycarbonate. Examples of the composite material include glass fiber / PP, glass fiber / polyamide 6, natural fiber / PP, and the like.

6). The effect of the skin material of this embodiment Since the skin material of this embodiment has near-infrared reflectivity, it can suppress the temperature rise of various articles covered with the skin material.

<Example of the first embodiment>
Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be described more specifically by way of examples. Experimental example 1A is an example. Experimental examples 2A to 4A are comparative examples.

1. Sample Preparation (1-1) Experimental Example 1A
The skin material 1 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 was used. As the surface layer 3, a needle punched nonwoven fabric made of PET fibers having a single fiber diameter of 10 μm was used. The basis weight of the surface layer 3 was 180 g / m ² . The PET fiber does not contain carbon black.
On the surface layer 3, the back surface layer 5 was formed by blowing polypropylene from a spinning nozzle. The back layer 5 was a melt blown nonwoven fabric and was composed of polypropylene fibers having a single fiber diameter of 2 μm. The polypropylene fiber does not contain carbon black. Moreover, the basis weight of the back surface layer 5 was 90 g / m ² .
This skin material 1 was fixed to the surface of a polypropylene base material to prepare a sample.

(1-2) Experimental Example 2A (Comparative Example 1A)
The skin material 2 having the configuration shown in FIG. 6 was used. That is, the skin material 2 includes a needle punched nonwoven fabric surface layer 4 made of PET fibers having a single fiber diameter of 10 μm and a needle punched nonwoven fabric back layer 6 made of polypropylene fibers having a single fiber diameter of 10 μm.
The basis weight of the surface layer 4 was 180 g / m ² . The PET fiber of the surface layer 4 does not contain carbon black.
The basis weight of the back layer 6 was 90 g / m ² . This polypropylene fiber does not contain carbon black.
This skin material 1 was fixed to the surface of a polypropylene base material to prepare a sample.

(1-3) Experimental Example 3A (Comparative Example 2A)
A skin material 9 having the structure shown in FIG. 7 was used. That is, the skin material 9 includes a surface layer 7 of a needle punch nonwoven fabric made of PET fibers having a single fiber diameter of 10 μm and a back layer 8 of a needle punch nonwoven fabric made of polypropylene fibers having a single fiber diameter of 10 μm.
The basis weight of the surface layer 7 was 180 g / m ² . The PET fiber of the surface layer 7 contains carbon black.
The basis weight of the back surface layer 8 was 90 g / m ² . This polypropylene fiber does not contain carbon black.
The skin material 9 was fixed to the surface of a polypropylene base material to prepare a sample.

(1-4) Experimental Example 4A (Comparative Example 3A)
No skin material was used. That is, a polypropylene base material having no surface material was used as a sample.

2. Measurement of volume ratio, which is the ratio of the volume occupied by fibers in the back layer, and orientation tensor The volume ratio in the back layer of the skin material of Experimental Example 1 and the orientation tensor are manufactured by Rigaku Corporation nano3DX as an X-ray CT apparatus. It measured using. As analysis software, GeoDict manufactured by Math2Market GmbH was used.

3. Lamp irradiation test (performance evaluation of skin material)
As shown in FIG. 5, a thermocouple 21 was disposed on the back surface of the sample 20. And the light of the reflex lamp 23 (1000 W / m < ² >) was irradiated from the surface of the sample 20. FIG. This test was performed at room temperature.
After irradiating with light, the highest temperature reached (temperature reached) was evaluated. The lower the maximum temperature reached, the better the performance of the skin material.

4). Experimental Results When the volume ratio of the back surface layer of Experimental Example 1A and the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction were measured, it was confirmed that the volume ratio was 3% and the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction was 0.05. .
The results of the lamp irradiation test are shown in Table 1 and FIG. From the results of Table 1 and FIG. 8, it was confirmed that in the sample of Experimental Example 1A having the back layer composed of polypropylene fibers having a single fiber diameter of 2 μm, the temperature increase of the sample was effectively suppressed by the skin. It was.

<Example of the second embodiment>
Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described more specifically by way of examples. Experimental examples 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 7B, 8B, 9B, 10B, and 11B are examples. Experimental examples 5B, 6B, and 12B are comparative examples.

1. Examination of single fiber diameter in skin material (1) Measurement of volume ratio, which is a proportion of volume occupied by fiber, and orientation tensor The volume ratio and orientation tensor in skin material are manufactured by Rigaku Corporation as an X-ray CT apparatus. It measured using nano3DX. As analysis software, GeoDict manufactured by Math2Market GmbH was used.

(2) Sample preparation (2-1) Experimental example 1B
A flocking layer was applied to the base using an electrostatic flocking method. Specifically, an adhesive is applied to the base part, a high voltage of 30,000 to 80,000 volts is applied, and the fibers are planted on the base part by using electrostatic force, and then the excess fibers are removed. A skin material was prepared. As the fiber, a PET fiber having a round cross section and a single fiber diameter of 1 μm was used. The PET fiber does not contain carbon black.
This skin material was fixed to the surface of a polypropylene base material to prepare a sample.

(2-2) Experimental example 2B
A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1B, except that a PET fiber having a round cross section and a single fiber diameter of 2 μm was used as the fiber.

(2-3) Experimental Example 3B
A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1B, except that a PET fiber having a round cross section and a single fiber diameter of 4 μm was used as the fiber.

(2-4) Experimental Example 4B
A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1B, except that a PET fiber having a round cross section and a single fiber diameter of 5 μm was used as the fiber.

(2-5) Experimental Example 5B
A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1B, except that a PET fiber having a round cross section and a single fiber diameter of 6 μm was used as the fiber.

(3) Lamp irradiation test (performance evaluation of skin material)
As shown in FIG. 5, a thermocouple 21 was disposed on the back surface of the sample 20. And the light of the reflex lamp 23 (1000 W / m < ² >) was irradiated from the surface of the sample 20. FIG. This test was performed at room temperature.
After irradiating with light, the highest temperature reached (temperature reached) was evaluated. The lower the maximum temperature reached, the better the performance of the skin material.

(4) Experimental results When the volume fractions of the samples of Experimental Examples 1B to 5B and the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction were measured, all the samples had a volume fraction of 3% to 20% and the orientation in the Z-axis direction. It was confirmed that the tensor was 0.42 or less.
The results of the lamp irradiation test are shown in Table 2 and FIG. From the results shown in Table 2 and FIG. 11, when the single fiber diameter was larger than 1 μm and not larger than 5 μm, the ultimate temperature was low. Therefore, it was confirmed that the temperature rise of the sample was effectively suppressed by using the fibers in this range.

2. Examination of volume ratio which is ratio of volume occupied by fiber (1) Measurement of volume ratio which is ratio of volume occupied by fiber and orientation tensor It carried out like (1).

(2) Production of skin material (Experimental examples 6B to 12B)
A flocking layer was deposited on the base using an electrostatic flocking method. Specifically, an adhesive is applied to the base part, a high voltage of 30,000 to 80,000 volts is applied, and the fibers are planted on the base part by using electrostatic force, and then the excess fibers are removed. A skin material was prepared. As the fiber, a PET fiber having a round cross section and a single fiber diameter of 4 μm was used. The PET fiber does not contain carbon black.
At this time, by adjusting the fiber amount at the time of flocking and pressing with an iron after flocking, the volume ratio is 1% (Experimental Example 6B) and 3% (Experimental Example 7B) as shown in Table 3 below. ) 5% (Experimental Example 8B), 10% (Experimental Example 9B), 15% (Experimental Example 10B), 20% (Experimental Example 11B), and 25% (Experimental Example 12B).
Each skin material was fixed to the surface of a polypropylene base material to prepare a sample.

(3) Lamp irradiation test (performance evaluation of skin material)
1 above. It carried out like (3).

(4) Experimental results The orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction of the samples of Experimental Examples 6B to 12B was measured. All samples were confirmed to have an orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction of 0.42 or less.
The results of the lamp irradiation test are shown in Table 3 and FIG. From the results of Table 3 and FIG. 12, when the volume ratio was 3% or more and 20% or less, the ultimate temperature was low. Therefore, it was confirmed that the temperature rise of the sample is effectively suppressed by setting the volume ratio within this range.

3. Summary of experimental results From the above experimental results, the following can be understood. That is, a skin material in which a fiber having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and 5 μm or less is included, a volume ratio is 3% or more and 20% or less, and an orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is 0.11 or more and 0.42 or less. It was confirmed that the temperature rise of the sample was effectively suppressed.

4). In the case of a woven fabric In the above experiment, the skin material was a flocked sheet. The inventors also experimented when the skin material was a woven fabric. Even in the case of a woven fabric, a skin having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and not greater than 5 μm, a volume ratio of not less than 3% and not more than 20%, and an orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction of not more than 0.42 It was confirmed that the temperature of the material was effectively suppressed.

The above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the language used in the description and illustration of the invention is illustrative and exemplary rather than limiting. As detailed herein, modifications may be made in the form within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the scope or nature of the invention. Although specific structures, materials and examples have been referred to in the detailed description of the invention herein, it is not intended to limit the invention to the disclosure herein, but rather, the invention is claimed. It covers all functionally equivalent structures, methods and uses within the scope.

The article covered with the skin material of the present invention is effectively prevented from rising in temperature. In particular, the skin material of the present invention can be suitably applied as a skin material for vehicle interior materials such as door trims, roof trims, package trays, seats and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Skin material 2 ... Skin material 9 ... Skin material 3 ... Surface layer 4 ... Surface layer 7 ... Surface layer 5 ... Back surface layer 6 ... Back surface layer 8 ... Back surface layer 10 ... Composite yarn 15 ... Base material 20 ... Sample 21 ... Thermoelectric Pair 23 ... Ref lamp 101 ... Skin material 103 ... Fiber assembly 105 ... Base material 107 ... Adhesive layer

Claims

A surface layer composed of a first fiber assembly in which fibers not containing carbon black are the main constituent fibers;
A back layer laminated on the back side of the surface layer, with or without an adhesive layer, and
A skin material with
The skin material according to claim 1, wherein the back layer is a second fiber aggregate that does not contain carbon black and contains fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and not greater than 5 μm.
The surface layer has near infrared transparency,
The skin material according to claim 1, wherein the back surface layer has near infrared reflectivity.
The skin material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second fiber aggregate is at least one selected from the group consisting of a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, a melt blown nonwoven fabric, and a needle punched nonwoven fabric. .
The skin material according to claim 3, wherein the second fiber aggregate is a melt blown nonwoven fabric.
The fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fiber having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 µm and not more than 5 µm is at least one selected from the group consisting of synthetic fibers, regenerated fibers, and natural fibers. The skin material described in 1.
A skin material,
Comprising a fiber assembly that does not contain carbon black and contains fibers with a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm;
When a cube having a side of 0.1 to 0.5 mm is cut out from an image obtained by observing the skin material with X-ray CT, the total volume of the cube is 100%. The volume ratio that is the ratio of the volume occupied by the fibers having a single fiber diameter of greater than 1 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm is 3% or more and 20% or less, and the orientation tensor in the Z-axis direction is 0.42 or less. Characteristic skin material.
The skin material according to claim 6, which has near-infrared reflectivity.
The skin according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the fiber assembly is at least one selected from the group consisting of a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, a melt blown nonwoven fabric, a needle punched nonwoven fabric, and a flocked sheet. Wood.
The skin material according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the fiber having a single fiber diameter of more than 1 µm and not more than 5 µm is a synthetic fiber.
The skin material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the skin material is used as a skin of an automobile door trim.
The skin material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the skin material is used as a skin of a package tray of an automobile.
The skin material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the skin material is used as a skin of an automobile sheet base material.