WO2019223948A1 - Power plant having generator cooling - Google Patents

Power plant having generator cooling Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019223948A1
WO2019223948A1 PCT/EP2019/060579 EP2019060579W WO2019223948A1 WO 2019223948 A1 WO2019223948 A1 WO 2019223948A1 EP 2019060579 W EP2019060579 W EP 2019060579W WO 2019223948 A1 WO2019223948 A1 WO 2019223948A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power plant
generator
cooling
heat exchanger
heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/060579
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Girbig
Olaf Michelsson
Olaf Schmidt
Jürgen Voss
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP19723673.0A priority Critical patent/EP3775504A1/en
Priority to KR1020207036876A priority patent/KR20210014654A/en
Publication of WO2019223948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019223948A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power plant with a generator ratorkühlgas cooled generator and at least one Ge neratorkühlgas heat withdrawing heat exchanger.
  • Power plants of the type mentioned are known in the prior Tech technology in a variety of designs. They can be designed as a gas turbine, as a steam turbine or as a gas and steam turbine power plant. A variety of power plant components requires cooling, on the one hand to dissipate the falling heat loss and on the other to increase the performance of the power plant. This also applies to the generator used for generating electricity, which is usually cooled with at least one heat exchanger aposgekühltem cooling gas.
  • the at least one heat exchanger is usually connected to a ge closed cooling water system of the power plant, through which other heat exchangers are supplied with cooling water, for example, those for lubrication or Dichtölküh ment, for cooling of pumps or the like.
  • the remindküh treatment of the cooling water of the cooling water circuit can be done on ver different ways, for example by Frischwas ser trimlaufksselung, circulation cooling using a cooling tower or air-cooled coolers, etc.
  • a possible achievable electrical power to the generator is dependent on the given for cooling the generator windings before given cold gas temperature of the generator cooling gas, so the generator cooling gas temperature when entering the generator.
  • the lower the cold gas temperature the more mechanical energy can be converted into electrical energy in the generator.
  • the generator cooling gas is recovered as described above via at least one heat exchanger, which is cooled by the cooling water system.
  • the cold gas temperature of the generator cooling gas for the generator cooling is coupled to thedewas sertemperatur of the at least one heat exchanger by flowing cooling water.
  • the cooling water temperature is in turn dependent on the re-cooling and therefore can not be lowered arbitrarily.
  • the achievable on Genera tor electrical power limits are set.
  • the present invention provides a power plant of the type mentioned, which is characterized marked characterized in that the at least one heat exchanger component is part of a refrigerant flowed through a refrigerator.
  • the at least one heat exchanger component is part of a refrigerant flowed through a refrigerator.
  • This is on the one hand to the advantage that for cooling the generator cooling gas single Lich a single heat transfer from the generator cooling gas to the refrigerant takes place, which is energetically very effective.
  • the chiller is completely independent of the cooling water system, so that the re-cooling of the generator cooling gas are barely set limits.
  • a refrigeration machine can be retrofitted with comparatively little effort. Accordingly, the cooling of a generator of an existing power plant can be adapted to growing demands that have arisen, for example, by performance-enhancing measures men on the turbine, without having to intervene in the best existing cooling water system.
  • the refrigerating machine is a compression refrigerating machine and has an evaporator formed by the at least one heat exchanger, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle,
  • a compressor for example, in the form of an expansion valve or a capillary tube - on, which are integrated in a closed circuit.
  • a throttle for example, in the form of an expansion valve or a capillary tube - on, which are integrated in a closed circuit.
  • the refrigerant of the refrigeration machine is tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) or carbon dioxide.
  • the chiller is arranged and forms out that it extracts heat only the generator cooling gas. This is to the advantage that the interpretation of the chiller must be made solely based on the cooling demand of the generator.
  • the chiller is provided as a separate retrofit unit, so that this can be easily retrofitted in a power plant, with other components of the power plant may be ge slightly adapt. In particular, no interventions in the existing cooling water system are required.
  • another of the generator cooling heat entzie heat exchanger is provided, which is not part of a cooling water flowed through cooling water system.
  • the re dundante cooling of the generator cooling gas is to the effect of the fact that the failure of the refrigerator or the wide ren heat exchanger is always a safe system operation at re Jerusalem power is guaranteed.
  • At least one further cooling system for cooling the refrigerant and / or for cooling len components of the refrigerator is connected to the chiller.
  • the present invention proposes to use a refrigeration machine for generating a power plant according to the invention. Further features and advantages of the present invention, the ge with the reference to the following description of power plants according to embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings clear. That's it
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a power plant according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of a power plant according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a power plant 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power plant 1 in the present case is a gas turbine power plant, which could also be any other type of power plant.
  • the power plant 1 comprises an air compressor 2, a gas turbine 3, a generator 4 and a transformer 5.
  • air compressor 2 a gas turbine 3
  • generator 4 a transformer 5.
  • the combustion gas is supplied to the gas turbine 3 and expanded therein while driving a gas turbine rotor 6.
  • the gas turbine rotor 6 drives the generator 4, which converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy.
  • the transformer 5 transforms the electrical energy so that it can be supplied to a power supply network.
  • the generator 4 is cooled by a generator cooling gas, which is circulated by means not shown in detail in a generator cooling gas circuit 7.
  • a heat exchanger 8 is provided, which forms part of a refrigerant flowed through by a refrigerant machine 9.
  • the chiller 9 comprises in addition to the evaporator formed by the heat exchanger 8 Com compressor 10, a condenser 11 and a throttle 12 through which the refrigerant of the refrigerator 9 is passed via corresponding lines in a closed circuit.
  • the refrigerant is, for example, tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), and in principle other refrigerants can also be used.
  • the condenser 11 of the refrigerator 9 is cooled, for example, by using ambient air. Cooling water cooling is optionally possible with ent speaking integration into the cooling water system of the system.
  • the compressor 10 of the refrigerator 9 is cooled in the present case with air, which is gurge cooled in a further heat exchanger 13, which may also be closed to the said cooling water system.
  • a further heat exchanger 13 which may also be closed to the said cooling water system.
  • the generator removes cooling gas to the generator heat is recooled in the heat exchanger 8 of the refrigerator 9 and is then passed again in the genes generator 4.
  • the generator cooling gas withdrawn heat is transferred to the zirku in the chiller 9 lating refrigerant, which is evaporated, compressed in Kompres sor 10 and condensed in the condenser 11.
  • the condensate is then expanded using the throttle 12 and again the heat exchanger serving as an evaporator 8 supplied.
  • the recooling of the generator coolant gas thus takes place exclusively via the chiller 9. This is the case advantageous that the cooling capacity of the generator cooling is fully constantly independent of other cooling systems of the power plant 1 is adjustable, in particular independent of the previously he mentioned cooling water system.
  • an energetically favorable, very powerful and flexible generator cooling is provided, which makes it possible to convert very high mechanical power to the generator shaft into electrical energy.
  • Another advantage is that the chiller 9 can be retrofitted due to their independence from other cooling systems of the power plant 1 in a simple manner, the cooling capacity of a generator 4 be already existing existing power plant 1 need improvement.
  • FIG. 2 shows a power plant 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This differs only to the effect of the power plant 1 described above, that the generator cooling gas in an additional devistau shear 14 via cooling water of the aforementioneddewassersys system 15 is recooled before it flows through the heat exchanger 8 of the chiller 9.
  • the heat exchanger 14 is already available at be stationary generators and serves as a main cooling and / or as a base cooling, the chiller should 9 fail or be turned off.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a power plant (1) having a generator (4) cooled by means of a generator cooling gas and at least one heat exchanger (8) which extracts heat from the generator cooling gas, characterised in that the at least one heat exchanger (8) is a component of a refrigerating unit (9) through which a refrigerant flows.

Description

Kraftwerk mit Generatorkühlung  Power plant with generator cooling
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftwerk mit einem über ein Gene ratorkühlgas gekühltem Generator und zumindest einem dem Ge neratorkühlgas Wärme entziehenden Wärmetauscher. The invention relates to a power plant with a generator ratorkühlgas cooled generator and at least one Ge neratorkühlgas heat withdrawing heat exchanger.
Kraftwerke der eingangs genannten Art sind im Stand der Tech nik in unterschiedlichsten Ausführungen bekannt. Sie können als Gasturbinen-, als Dampfturbinen- oder als Gas- und Dampf turbinenkraftwerk ausgebildet sein. Eine Vielzahl der Kraft werkskomponenten bedarf einer Kühlung, um zum einen die an fallende Verlustwärme abzuführen und zum anderen die Leistung des Kraftwerks zu steigern. Dies gilt auch für den zur Strom erzeugung eingesetzten Generator, der in der Regel mit über zumindest einen Wärmetauscher rückgekühltem Kühlgas gekühlt wird. Der zumindest eine Wärmetauscher ist meist an ein ge schlossenes Kühlwassersystem des Kraftwerks angeschlossen, über das auch weitere Wärmetauscher mit Kühlwasser versorgt werden, beispielsweise solche zur Schmier- oder Dichtölküh lung, zur Kühlung von Pumpen oder dergleichen. Die Rückküh lung des Kühlwassers des Kühlwasserkreislaufes kann auf ver schiedene Arten erfolgen, beispielsweise mittels Frischwas serdurchlaufkühlung, Umlaufkühlung unter Einsatz eines Kühl turms oder von luftgekühlten Kühlern, etc. Power plants of the type mentioned are known in the prior Tech technology in a variety of designs. They can be designed as a gas turbine, as a steam turbine or as a gas and steam turbine power plant. A variety of power plant components requires cooling, on the one hand to dissipate the falling heat loss and on the other to increase the performance of the power plant. This also applies to the generator used for generating electricity, which is usually cooled with at least one heat exchanger rückgekühltem cooling gas. The at least one heat exchanger is usually connected to a ge closed cooling water system of the power plant, through which other heat exchangers are supplied with cooling water, for example, those for lubrication or Dichtölküh ment, for cooling of pumps or the like. The Rückküh treatment of the cooling water of the cooling water circuit can be done on ver different ways, for example by Frischwas serdurchlaufkühlung, circulation cooling using a cooling tower or air-cooled coolers, etc.
Eine mögliche erzielbare elektrische Leistung am Generator ist abhängig von der zur Kühlung der Generatorwicklungen vor gegebenen Kaltgastemperatur des Generatorkühlgases, also der Generatorkühlgastemperatur bei Eintritt in den Generator. Je niedriger die Kaltgastemperatur ist, desto mehr mechanische Energie kann im Generator in elektrische Energie umgewandelt werden. Das Generatorkühlgas wird wie zuvor beschrieben über zumindest einen Wärmetauscher gewonnen, der über das Kühlwas sersystem gekühlt wird. Damit ist die Kaltgastemperatur des Generatorkühlgases für die Generatorkühlung an die Kühlwas sertemperatur des den zumindest einen Wärmetauscher durch strömenden Kühlwassers gekoppelt. Die Kühlwassertemperatur ist wiederrum abhängig von der Rückkühlung und kann folglich nicht beliebig gesenkt werden. Damit sind auch der am Genera tor erzielbaren elektrischen Leistung Grenzen gesetzt. A possible achievable electrical power to the generator is dependent on the given for cooling the generator windings before given cold gas temperature of the generator cooling gas, so the generator cooling gas temperature when entering the generator. The lower the cold gas temperature, the more mechanical energy can be converted into electrical energy in the generator. The generator cooling gas is recovered as described above via at least one heat exchanger, which is cooled by the cooling water system. Thus, the cold gas temperature of the generator cooling gas for the generator cooling is coupled to the Kühlwas sertemperatur of the at least one heat exchanger by flowing cooling water. The cooling water temperature is in turn dependent on the re-cooling and therefore can not be lowered arbitrarily. Thus, the achievable on Genera tor electrical power limits are set.
Kommt es durch leistungssteigernde Maßnahmen an der Turbine zu einem Anstieg der mechanischen Leistung an der Generator welle, wäre es wünschenswert, für den Generator eine verbes serte Kühlung bereitzustellen, um mit diesem mehr Leistung in elektrische Energie umwandeln zu können. If it comes by performance-enhancing measures on the turbine to an increase in the mechanical power to the generator shaft, it would be desirable to provide for the generator verbes serte cooling to convert with this more power into electrical energy can.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Kraftwerk der eingangs ge nannten Art mit verbessertem Aufbau zu schaffen. Based on this prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a power plant of the type mentioned ge with improved structure.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schafft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Kraftwerk der eingangs genannten Art, das dadurch gekenn zeichnet ist, dass der zumindest eine Wärmetauscher Bestand teil einer von einem Kältemittel durchströmten Kältemaschine ist. Mit anderen Worten wird vorgeschlagen, das den Generator kühlende Generatorkühlgas unmittelbar unter Verwendung einer Kältemaschine rückzukühlen. Dies ist zum einen dahingehend von Vorteil, dass zur Kühlung des Generatorkühlgases ledig lich ein einzelner Wärmeübergang vom Generatorkühlgas zum Kältemittel stattfindet, was energetisch sehr effektiv ist. Zum anderen ist die Kältemaschine völlig unabhängig von dem Kühlwassersystem, so dass der Rückkühlung des Generatorkühl gases kaum Grenzen gesetzt sind. Auch lässt sich eine Kälte maschine mit vergleichbar geringem Aufwand nachrüsten. Ent sprechend kann die Kühlung eines Generators eines bereits vorhandene Kraftwerks an wachsende Anforderungen angepasst werden, die beispielsweise durch leistungssteigernde Maßnah men an der Turbine entstanden sind, ohne hierzu in das beste hende Kühlwassersystem eingreifen zu müssen. To solve this problem, the present invention provides a power plant of the type mentioned, which is characterized marked characterized in that the at least one heat exchanger component is part of a refrigerant flowed through a refrigerator. In other words, it is proposed to recool the generator cooling gas cooling the generator immediately using a chiller. This is on the one hand to the advantage that for cooling the generator cooling gas single Lich a single heat transfer from the generator cooling gas to the refrigerant takes place, which is energetically very effective. On the other hand, the chiller is completely independent of the cooling water system, so that the re-cooling of the generator cooling gas are barely set limits. Also, a refrigeration machine can be retrofitted with comparatively little effort. Accordingly, the cooling of a generator of an existing power plant can be adapted to growing demands that have arisen, for example, by performance-enhancing measures men on the turbine, without having to intervene in the best existing cooling water system.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Kältemaschine eine Kompressionskältemaschine und weist einen durch den zumindest einen Wärmetauscher gebildeten Verdamp fer, einen Kompressor, einen Kondensator und eine Drossel - beispielsweise in Form eines Expansionsventils oder eines Kapillarrohrs - auf, die in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf integriert sind. Auf diese Weise wird ein sehr einfacher und preiswerter Aufbau erzielt. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerating machine is a compression refrigerating machine and has an evaporator formed by the at least one heat exchanger, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle, For example, in the form of an expansion valve or a capillary tube - on, which are integrated in a closed circuit. In this way, a very simple and inexpensive construction is achieved.
Vorteilhaft handelt es sich bei dem Kältemittel der Kälte maschine um Tetrafluorethan (R-134a) oder um Kohlendioxid. Advantageously, the refrigerant of the refrigeration machine is tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) or carbon dioxide.
Bevorzugt ist die Kältemaschine derart angeordnet und ausge bildet, dass sie ausschließlich dem Generatorkühlgas Wärme entzieht. Dies ist dahingehend von Vorteil, dass die Ausle gung der Kältemaschine einzig und allein basierend auf dem Kühlbedarf des Generators erfolgen muss. Preferably, the chiller is arranged and forms out that it extracts heat only the generator cooling gas. This is to the advantage that the interpretation of the chiller must be made solely based on the cooling demand of the generator.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Kältemaschine als separat nachrüstbare Einheit vorgesehen, so dass sich diese einfach in einem Kraftwerk nachrüsten lässt, wobei weitere Komponenten des Kraftwerks gegebenenfalls ge ringfügig anzupassen sind. Insbesondere sind keine Eingriffe in das bestehende Kühlwassersystem erforderlich. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the chiller is provided as a separate retrofit unit, so that this can be easily retrofitted in a power plant, with other components of the power plant may be ge slightly adapt. In particular, no interventions in the existing cooling water system are required.
Bevorzugt ist ein weiterer dem Generatorkühlgas Wärme entzie hender Wärmetauscher vorgesehen, der nicht Bestandteil eines von Kühlwasser durchströmten Kühlwassersystems ist. Die re dundante Kühlung des Generatorkühlgases ist dahingehend von Vorteil, dass beim Ausfall der Kältemaschine oder des weite ren Wärmetauschers stets ein sicherer Anlagenbetrieb bei re duzierter Leistung gewährleistet ist. Preferably, another of the generator cooling heat entzie heat exchanger is provided, which is not part of a cooling water flowed through cooling water system. The re dundante cooling of the generator cooling gas is to the effect of the fact that the failure of the refrigerator or the wide ren heat exchanger is always a safe system operation at re duced power is guaranteed.
Vorteilhaft ist an die Kältemaschine zumindest ein weiteres Kühlsystem zum Rückkühlen des Kältemittels und/oder zum Küh len von Komponenten der Kältemaschine angeschlossen. Advantageously, at least one further cooling system for cooling the refrigerant and / or for cooling len components of the refrigerator is connected to the chiller.
Ferner schlägt die vorliegende Erfindung vor, eine Kälte maschine zur Erzeugung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kraftwerks zu verwenden . Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung wer den anhand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Kraftwerken ge mäß Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung unter Bezug nahme auf die beiliegende Zeichnung deutlich. Darin ist Furthermore, the present invention proposes to use a refrigeration machine for generating a power plant according to the invention. Further features and advantages of the present invention, the ge with the reference to the following description of power plants according to embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings clear. That's it
Figur 1 eine schematische Ansicht eines Kraftwerks gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Er findung und Figure 1 is a schematic view of a power plant according to a first embodiment of the present invention and
Figur 2 eine schematische Ansicht eines Kraftwerks gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Er findung . Figure 2 is a schematic view of a power plant according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Gleiche Bezugsziffern beziehen sich nachfolgend auf gleiche oder gleichartige Komponenten. Like reference numerals refer to the same or similar components below.
Figur 1 zeigt ein Kraftwerk 1 gemäß einer ersten Ausführungs form der vorliegenden Erfindung. Bei dem Kraftwerk 1 handelt es sich vorliegend um ein Gasturbinenkraftwerk, wobei es sich ebenso um jeden anderen Kraftwerktyp handeln könnte. Das Kraftwerk 1 umfasst einen Luftverdichter 2, eine Gasturbine 3, einen Generator 4 und einen Transformator 5. Während des Betriebs des Kraftwerk 1 wird in den Luftverdichter 2 ver dichtete Luft in bekannter Weise zusammen mit einem Brenn stoff verbrannt. Das Verbrennungsgas wird der Gasturbine 3 zugeführt und dort unter Antreiben eines Gasturbinenrotors 6 entspannt. Der Gasturbinenrotor 6 treibt den Generator 4 an, der die Bewegungsenergie in elektrische Energie wandelt. Der Transformator 5 transformiert die elektrische Energie derart, dass sie einem Stromversorgungsnetz zugeführt werden kann. Figure 1 shows a power plant 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The power plant 1 in the present case is a gas turbine power plant, which could also be any other type of power plant. The power plant 1 comprises an air compressor 2, a gas turbine 3, a generator 4 and a transformer 5. During operation of the power plant 1 ver compressed air is combusted in a known manner together with a fuel in the air compressor 2 ver. The combustion gas is supplied to the gas turbine 3 and expanded therein while driving a gas turbine rotor 6. The gas turbine rotor 6 drives the generator 4, which converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy. The transformer 5 transforms the electrical energy so that it can be supplied to a power supply network.
Zur Kühlung einzelner Komponenten des Kraftwerks 1 verfügt dieses in bekannter Weise über ein in Figur 1 nicht näher dargestelltes geschlossenes Kühlwassersystem, das allgemein auch als Zwischenkühlwasserkreislauf bezeichnet wird. An das Kühlwassersystem sind eine Reihe von Wärmetauschern ange- schlossen, über die beispielsweise Schmieröl, Dichtöl, Pumpen und/oder andere Komponenten des Kraftwerks 1 gekühlt werden. For cooling of individual components of the power plant 1, this has in a known manner via a not-shown in Figure 1 in detail closed cooling water system, which is generally referred to as Zwischenkühlwasserkreislauf. A number of heat exchangers are attached to the cooling water system. closed, about the example, lubricating oil, sealing oil, pumps and / or other components of the power plant 1 are cooled.
Der Generator 4 wird über ein Generatorkühlgas gekühlt, das mit nicht näher dargestellten Mitteln in einem Generatorkühl gaskreislauf 7 zirkuliert wird. Zur Rückkühlung des Genera torkühlgases ist ein Wärmetauscher 8 vorgesehen, der einen Bestandteil einer von einem Kältemittel durchströmten Kälte maschine 9 bildet. Die Kältemaschine 9 umfasst neben dem durch den Wärmetauscher 8 gebildeten Verdampfer einen Kom pressor 10, einen Kondensator 11 und eine Drossel 12, durch die das Kältemittel der Kältemaschine 9 über entsprechende Leitungen im geschlossenen Kreislauf geleitet wird. Bei dem Kältemittel handelt es sich beispielsweise um Tetrafluorethan (R-134a) , wobei grundsätzlich auch andere Kältemittel verwen det werden können. Der Kondensator 11 der Kältemaschine 9 wird beispielsweise unter Verwendung von Umgebungsluft ge kühlt. Eine Kühlwasserkühlung ist optional möglich mit ent sprechender Einbindung in das Kühlwassersystem der Anlage.The generator 4 is cooled by a generator cooling gas, which is circulated by means not shown in detail in a generator cooling gas circuit 7. For recooling the Genera torkühlgases a heat exchanger 8 is provided, which forms part of a refrigerant flowed through by a refrigerant machine 9. The chiller 9 comprises in addition to the evaporator formed by the heat exchanger 8 Com compressor 10, a condenser 11 and a throttle 12 through which the refrigerant of the refrigerator 9 is passed via corresponding lines in a closed circuit. The refrigerant is, for example, tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), and in principle other refrigerants can also be used. The condenser 11 of the refrigerator 9 is cooled, for example, by using ambient air. Cooling water cooling is optionally possible with ent speaking integration into the cooling water system of the system.
Der Kompressor 10 der Kältemaschine 9 wird vorliegend mit Luft gekühlt, die in einem weiteren Wärmetauscher 13 rückge kühlt wird, der ebenfalls an das besagte Kühlwassersystem an geschlossen sein kann. An dieser Stelle sei darauf hingewie sen, dass die Rückkühlung des Kompressors 10 und des Konden sators 11 der Kältemaschine 10 durch jedes geeignete Kühlsys tem erfolgen kann. The compressor 10 of the refrigerator 9 is cooled in the present case with air, which is rückge cooled in a further heat exchanger 13, which may also be closed to the said cooling water system. At this point it should be pointed out that the re-cooling of the compressor 10 and the condensate sators 11 of the refrigerator 10 can be done by any suitable Kühlsys system.
Während des Betriebs des Kraftwerks 1 entzieht das Generator kühlgas dem Generator Wärme, wird in dem Wärmetauscher 8 der Kältemaschine 9 rückgekühlt und wird dann erneut in den Gene rator 4 geleitet. Im Wärmetauscher 8 wird die dem Generator kühlgas entzogene Wärme auf das in der Kältemaschine 9 zirku lierendes Kältemittel übertragen, das verdampft, im Kompres sor 10 verdichtet und im Kondensator 11 kondensiert wird. Das Kondensat wird dann unter Einsatz der Drossel 12 entspannt und erneut dem als Verdampfer dienenden Wärmetauscher 8 zuge führt. Die Rückkühlung des Generatorkühlgases erfolgt somit ausschließlich über die Kältemaschine 9. Dies ist dahingehend von Vorteil, dass die Kühlleistung der Generatorkühlung voll ständig unabhängig von sonstigen Kühlsystemen des Kraftwerks 1 einstellbar ist, insbesondere unabhängig von dem zuvor er wähnten Kühlwassersystem. Entsprechend wird eine energetisch günstige, sehr leistungsfähige und flexible Generatorkühlung bereitgestellt, die es ermöglicht, sehr hohe mechanische Leistungen an der Generatorwelle in elektrische Energie umzu wandeln. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass sich die Kältemaschine 9 aufgrund ihrer Unabhängigkeit von anderen Kühlsystemen des Kraftwerks 1 in einfacher Weise nachrüsten lässt, sollte die Kühlleistung eines Generators 4 eines be reits bestehenden Kraftwerks 1 einer Verbesserung bedürfen. During operation of the power plant 1, the generator removes cooling gas to the generator heat is recooled in the heat exchanger 8 of the refrigerator 9 and is then passed again in the genes generator 4. In the heat exchanger 8, the generator cooling gas withdrawn heat is transferred to the zirku in the chiller 9 lating refrigerant, which is evaporated, compressed in Kompres sor 10 and condensed in the condenser 11. The condensate is then expanded using the throttle 12 and again the heat exchanger serving as an evaporator 8 supplied. The recooling of the generator coolant gas thus takes place exclusively via the chiller 9. This is the case advantageous that the cooling capacity of the generator cooling is fully constantly independent of other cooling systems of the power plant 1 is adjustable, in particular independent of the previously he mentioned cooling water system. Accordingly, an energetically favorable, very powerful and flexible generator cooling is provided, which makes it possible to convert very high mechanical power to the generator shaft into electrical energy. Another advantage is that the chiller 9 can be retrofitted due to their independence from other cooling systems of the power plant 1 in a simple manner, the cooling capacity of a generator 4 be already existing existing power plant 1 need improvement.
Figur 2 zeigt ein Kraftwerk 1 gemäß einer zweiten Ausfüh rungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung. Dieses unterscheidet sich allein dahingehend von dem zuvor beschriebenen Kraftwerk 1, dass das Generatorkühlgas in einem zusätzlichen Wärmetau scher 14 über Kühlwasser des bereits erwähnten Kühlwassersys tems 15 rückgekühlt wird, bevor es den Wärmetauscher 8 der Kältemaschine 9 durchströmt. Der Wärmetauscher 14 ist bei be stehenden Generatoren bereits vorhanden und dient als Haupt kühlung und/oder als Basiskühlung, sollte die Kältemaschine 9 ausfallen oder abgestellt sein. FIG. 2 shows a power plant 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This differs only to the effect of the power plant 1 described above, that the generator cooling gas in an additional Wärmetau shear 14 via cooling water of the aforementioned Kühlwassersys system 15 is recooled before it flows through the heat exchanger 8 of the chiller 9. The heat exchanger 14 is already available at be stationary generators and serves as a main cooling and / or as a base cooling, the chiller should 9 fail or be turned off.
Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch das bevorzugte Ausfüh rungsbeispiel näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele einge schränkt und andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen . Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Kraftwerk (1) mit einem über ein Generatorkühlgas ge kühltem Generator (4) und zumindest einem dem Generator kühlgas Wärme entziehenden Wärmetauscher (8), 1. power plant (1) with a ge via a generator cooling gas cooled generator (4) and at least one of the generator cooling gas heat withdrawing heat exchanger (8),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
der zumindest eine Wärmetauscher (8) Bestandteil einer von einem Kältemittel durchströmten Kältemaschine (9) ist.  the at least one heat exchanger (8) is part of a refrigeration machine (9) through which a refrigerant flows.
2. Kraftwerk (1) nach Anspruch 1, 2. Power plant (1) according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Kältemaschine (9) eine Kompressionskältemaschine ist und einen durch den zumindest einen Wärmetauscher (8) ge bildeten Verdampfer, einen Kompressor (10), einen Kondensa tor (11) und eine Drossel (12) aufweist, die in einen ge schlossenen Kreislauf integriert sind.  the chiller (9) is a compression refrigerating machine and a through the at least one heat exchanger (8) ge formed evaporator, a compressor (10), a capaci tor (11) and a throttle (12), which are integrated into a closed loop ge ,
3. Kraftwerk (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 3. Power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
es sich bei dem Kältemittel der Kältemaschine (9) um Tet rafluorethan (R-134a) oder um Kohlendioxid handelt.  it is the refrigerant of the refrigerator (9) is tet rafluoroethane (R-134a) or carbon dioxide.
4. Kraftwerk (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 4. Power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Kältemaschine (9) derart angeordnet und ausgebildet ist, dass sie ausschließlich dem Generatorkühlgas Wärme entzieht .  the refrigerating machine (9) is arranged and designed such that it draws heat exclusively from the generator cooling gas.
5. Kraftwerk (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 5. Power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Kältemaschine (9) als separat nachrüstbare Einheit vor gesehen ist. the chiller (9) is seen as a separate retrofitted unit before.
6. Kraftwerk (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 6. power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
ein weiterer dem Generatorkühlgas Wärme entziehender Wärme tauscher (14) vorgesehen ist, der nicht Bestandteil eines von Kühlwasser durchströmten Kühlwassersystems (15) ist.  another heat generator (14) which removes heat from the generator cooling gas is provided, which is not part of a cooling water system (15) through which cooling water flows.
7. Kraftwerk (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 7. power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
an die Kältemaschine (9) zumindest ein weiteres Kühlsystem zum Rückkühlen des Kältemittels und/oder zum Kühlen von Komponenten der Kältemaschine (9) angeschlossen ist.  at least one further cooling system for recooling the refrigerant and / or for cooling components of the refrigerating machine (9) is connected to the refrigerating machine (9).
8. Verwendung einer Kältemaschine (9) zur Erzeugung eines Kraftwerks (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 8. Use of a refrigerating machine (9) for generating a power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims.
PCT/EP2019/060579 2018-05-25 2019-04-25 Power plant having generator cooling WO2019223948A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH304499A (en) * 1952-04-10 1955-01-15 Melan Herbert Ing Dr Combined system for power and heat generation.
EP2518283A2 (en) * 2011-04-29 2012-10-31 General Electric Company Integrated generator cooling system
DE102012209811A1 (en) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Drive system for vehicle, has main pump that supplies coolant into coolant circuit, where coolant circuit has adjusting part, with which entry of coolant in one of two lines is controlled or regulated

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH304499A (en) * 1952-04-10 1955-01-15 Melan Herbert Ing Dr Combined system for power and heat generation.
EP2518283A2 (en) * 2011-04-29 2012-10-31 General Electric Company Integrated generator cooling system
DE102012209811A1 (en) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Drive system for vehicle, has main pump that supplies coolant into coolant circuit, where coolant circuit has adjusting part, with which entry of coolant in one of two lines is controlled or regulated

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