WO2019223161A1 - 一种在pon远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法及电路 - Google Patents

一种在pon远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法及电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019223161A1
WO2019223161A1 PCT/CN2018/102944 CN2018102944W WO2019223161A1 WO 2019223161 A1 WO2019223161 A1 WO 2019223161A1 CN 2018102944 W CN2018102944 W CN 2018102944W WO 2019223161 A1 WO2019223161 A1 WO 2019223161A1
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Prior art keywords
voltage
resistor
comparator
dividing circuit
alarm
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王可
苏旺
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Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
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Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0079—Operation or maintenance aspects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of power-down alarms, and in particular, to a method and circuit for implementing a power-down alarm in a PON remote system.
  • the traditional power-down alarm methods are mostly reset chips and a large number of electrolytic capacitors to achieve this function.
  • the existing DYING-GASP circuit which is a power-down alarm, usually sets the threshold closer to the input voltage, which can ensure power-down.
  • the hold time is more than 4ms, so that the alarm message has enough time to send out, but when the power grid fluctuates, it is more likely that the input voltage falls below the DYING-GASP threshold, but it is above the minimum voltage at which the system can work normally. In this way, the system will also report DYNG-GASP, but the system has not lost power, which is a false positive. Therefore, the risk of DYING-GASP false positives in this implementation is relatively high, and a large number of OTING-GASP electrolytic capacitors will cause a large power-on peak current.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and a circuit for implementing a power-down alarm in a PON remote system, using a comparator and a photoelectric conversion module to cooperate, when the ONU input voltage is located at a preset When the alarm voltage is below, the PON chip can accurately know that the ONU equipment cannot work normally.
  • a method for implementing a power failure alarm in a PON remote system includes the following steps:
  • the photoelectric conversion module monitors the ONU input voltage by using the comparator and the voltage dividing circuit, and when the ONU input voltage is below a preset alarm voltage, the photoelectric conversion module sends a power failure alarm signal to the PON chip;
  • the alarm voltage is a preset minimum voltage value that satisfies the normal operation of the ONU equipment, and the alarm voltage is slightly higher than a threshold voltage value at which the ONU power module in the PON remote system cannot work.
  • the invention uses a comparator and a photoelectric conversion module to cooperate.
  • the comparator and the voltage dividing circuit cooperate to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the comparator When the ONU input voltage is below a preset alarm voltage, the comparator generates a The current is drawn, so that the photoelectric conversion module sends a signal to the PON chip, so that the PON chip can know that the ONU device cannot work normally.
  • the step of configuring a voltage dividing circuit specifically includes the following steps:
  • first voltage dividing circuit Forming a first voltage dividing circuit, the first voltage dividing circuit including a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor connected in parallel;
  • the second voltage dividing circuit including a third resistor and a fourth resistor connected in series;
  • An input terminal of the first voltage dividing circuit is connected to the ONU input voltage, an input terminal of the second voltage dividing circuit is grounded, an output terminal of the second voltage dividing circuit, and an output of the first voltage dividing circuit. And the reference terminal of the comparator are connected together.
  • VR (VD-VI) * (R1 // R2) / (R1 // R2 + R3 + R4);
  • R1 is the first resistor
  • R2 is the second resistor
  • R3 is the third resistor
  • R4 is the fourth resistor
  • VD is the ONU input voltage
  • VI is the voltage output by the output of the comparator
  • R1 // R2 in the formula represents the resistance value of R1 and R2 in parallel, where R1 and R2 are 5.9K ⁇ , R3 is 3.6K ⁇ , and R4 is 44.2K ⁇ . All three types of resistors use precision resistors.
  • R1 and R2 are 5.9K ⁇ , R3 is 3.6K ⁇ , and R4 is 44.2K ⁇ ;
  • the comparator uses a TL431 adjustable Zener diode
  • the internal triode When the input voltage of the comparator's reference terminal is greater than 2.5V, the internal triode is turned on, and a sink current will be generated at the output of the comparator. This current will drive the light-emitting diode on the primary side of the optocoupler to cause it to emit light, thereby The phototransistor on the secondary side is turned on. At this time, the power-down alarm signal is pulled down to about 0V, so the power-down alarm signal sent to the PON chip at this time is low, and the alarm signal is not triggered to report;
  • the internal transistor of the TL431 When the input voltage of the comparator's reference terminal is less than 2.5V, the internal transistor of the TL431 does not conduct. At this time, no current is generated at the output terminal of the comparator, and the light-emitting diode on the primary side of the optocoupler cannot be driven. It cannot be turned on. At this time, the power-down alarm signal sent to the PON chip is pulled up, which triggers the power-down alarm signal to be reported.
  • the alarm voltage is 43V
  • the threshold voltage at which the ONU power module cannot operate is 38V.
  • the invention also discloses a circuit for implementing a power failure alarm in a PON remote system.
  • the circuit includes:
  • the comparator and the voltage dividing circuit are used to monitor an ONU input voltage, and when the ONU input voltage is below a preset alarm voltage, the photoelectric conversion module sends a power failure alarm signal to the PON chip;
  • the alarm voltage is a preset minimum voltage value that satisfies the normal operation of the ONU equipment, and the alarm voltage is slightly higher than a threshold voltage value at which the ONU power module in the PON remote system cannot work.
  • the voltage dividing circuit includes:
  • a first voltage dividing circuit including a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor connected in parallel;
  • a second voltage dividing circuit which includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor connected in series;
  • An input terminal of the first voltage dividing circuit is connected to the ONU input voltage, an input terminal of the second voltage dividing circuit is grounded, an output terminal of the second voltage dividing circuit, and an output terminal of the first voltage dividing circuit. And the reference terminals of the comparator are connected together.
  • the resistance of the first resistor and the second resistor is 5.9K ⁇
  • the resistance of the third resistor is 3.6K ⁇
  • the resistance of the fourth resistor is 44.2K ⁇ .
  • the sink current output terminal of the comparator when the input voltage of the reference terminal is greater than 2.5V, the sink current output terminal of the comparator generates a sink current for driving the photoelectric conversion module to send a signal to the PON chip.
  • the alarm voltage is 43V
  • the threshold voltage at which the ONU power module cannot work is 38V.
  • the present invention uses a comparator and a photoelectric conversion module to cooperate.
  • the comparator When the input voltage of the ONU is below a preset alarm voltage, the comparator generates a sink current, so that the photoelectric conversion module sends a signal to the PON chip, so that the PON chip It can be known that the ONU equipment cannot work normally.
  • FIG. 1 is a step diagram of a method for implementing a power-off alarm in a PON remote system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a step diagram of a method for implementing a power-off alarm in a PON remote system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an internal structural diagram of a TL431 chip in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an internal structural diagram of a KPS2801 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit for implementing a power failure alarm in a PON remote system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit for implementing a power-off alarm in a PON remote system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for implementing a power failure alarm in a PON remote system.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the comparator and the voltage dividing circuit are used to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the photoelectric conversion module sends a power failure alarm signal to the PON chip;
  • the alarm voltage is a preset minimum voltage that satisfies the normal working of the ONU equipment, and the alarm voltage is slightly higher than the threshold voltage at which the ONU power module in the PON remote system cannot work.
  • the invention uses a comparator and a photoelectric conversion module to cooperate, and a comparator and a voltage divider circuit to cooperate to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the comparator When the ONU input voltage is below a preset alarm voltage, the comparator generates a sink current, thereby It enables the photoelectric conversion module to send signals to the PON chip, so that the PON chip can know that the ONU equipment cannot work normally.
  • the setting of the alarm voltage can be selected according to the actual working requirements of the PON remote system and the equipment configuration. With the setting of the alarm voltage, the voltage divider circuit and some electronic components in this circuit are also adjusted according to specific conditions.
  • the comparator can use TL431 adjustable Zener diode, and the photoelectric conversion module can use KPS2801 chip;
  • the photoelectric conversion module is used because the ONU input voltage is not shared with the ground level of the PON chip and the necessary components for signal conversion;
  • the function of the comparator is to compare the voltage before and after, to reach the warning voltage and generate an alarm signal.
  • the ONU power module is used to supply power to the ONU equipment.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for implementing a power-off alarm in a PON remote system.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the comparator and the voltage dividing circuit are used to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the photoelectric conversion module sends a power failure alarm signal to the PON chip;
  • the alarm voltage is a preset minimum voltage that satisfies the normal operation of the ONU equipment, and the alarm voltage is slightly higher than the threshold voltage at which the ONU power module in the PON remote system cannot work;
  • the invention uses a comparator and a photoelectric conversion module to cooperate, and a comparator and a voltage divider circuit to cooperate to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the comparator When the ONU input voltage is below a preset alarm voltage, the comparator generates a sink current, thereby It enables the photoelectric conversion module to send signals to the PON chip, so that the PON chip can know that the ONU equipment cannot work normally.
  • the setting of the alarm voltage can be selected according to the actual working requirements of the PON remote system and the equipment configuration. With the setting of the alarm voltage, the voltage divider circuit and some electronic components in this circuit are also adjusted according to specific conditions.
  • step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing a power failure alarm in a PON remote system. Based on Embodiment 2, the method includes:
  • the resistance of the first resistor and the second resistor is 5.9K ⁇
  • the resistance of the third resistor is 3.6K ⁇
  • the resistance of the fourth resistor is 44.2K ⁇ .
  • the voltage at one end of the comparator can be set to 2.5V.
  • a sink current will be generated at the output terminal of the comparator, and when the input of the comparator's reference terminal is input When the voltage is lower than 2.5V, no current is generated at the output of the comparator;
  • the primary side input signal is applied to the light-emitting diodes and resistors on the primary side to generate the input current If of the photoelectric conversion module. If the If drives the light-emitting diodes, the phototransistor on the secondary side is turned on to Ic, and then Vout, to achieve the purpose of transmitting signals;
  • CTR current transfer ratio
  • the comparator uses a TL431 chip
  • the photoelectric conversion module uses a KPS2801.
  • the internal structure of the TL431 chip and KPS2801 is shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the pre-processed ONU input voltage is connected to the positive pole of the comparator, and at the same time through the voltage divider circuit.
  • Send a monitoring level VR to the reference terminal of the comparator the output terminal of the comparator is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode on the primary side of the photoelectric conversion module, and the anode of the LED is connected to the analog ground of the power terminal, that is, 0V;
  • the output level of the collector of the phototransistor on the secondary side of the photoelectric conversion module is sent to the PON chip as a power failure alarm signal.
  • a pull-up resistor is connected to 3.3V.
  • the PON chip will pass the OMCI (Optical Network Unit)
  • the management control interface) channel reports a power failure alarm message to the OLT, and the secondary side emitter of the photoelectric conversion module is connected to digital ground.
  • the input voltage of the ONU is 48V.
  • a monitoring level VR After passing through the voltage dividing circuit composed of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, and the fourth resistor, a monitoring level VR will be obtained.
  • R1 is the first resistor
  • R2 is the second resistor
  • R3 is the third resistor
  • R4 is the fourth resistor
  • VD is the ONU input voltage
  • VI is the voltage output by the output of the comparator
  • R1 // R2 in the formula represents the resistance value of R1 and R2 in parallel, where R1 and R2 are 5.9K ⁇ , R3 is 3.6K ⁇ , and R4 is 44.2K ⁇ . All three types of resistors use precision resistors;
  • the internal transistor of the TL431 When the input voltage of the comparator's reference terminal is less than 2.5V, the internal transistor of the TL431 does not conduct. At this time, no current is generated at the output terminal of the comparator, and the light-emitting diode on the primary side of the optocoupler cannot be driven. It cannot be turned on. At this time, the power-down alarm signal sent to the PON chip is pulled up, and the power-down alarm signal is reported.
  • the above formula can be used to calculate the trigger level of the power-down alarm as 43.01V, that is, when the input voltage of the ONU drops to 43V, the power-down alarm signal will be reported;
  • the threshold voltage value is only slightly higher than the voltage value at which the ONU power module cannot work, which is 38V, the risk of false positive OTING-GASP is greatly reduced.
  • the sink current output terminal of the comparator when the input voltage of the reference terminal is greater than 2.5V, the sink current output terminal of the comparator generates an sink current for driving the photoelectric conversion module to send a signal to the PON chip.
  • the alarm voltage is 43V
  • the threshold voltage at which the ONU power module cannot work is 38V.
  • a voltage below 38V cannot make the ONU power module inoperable.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit for implementing a power failure alarm in a PON remote system.
  • the circuit includes:
  • the comparator and the voltage dividing circuit are used to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the photoelectric conversion module sends a power-down alarm signal to the PON chip;
  • the alarm voltage is a preset minimum voltage that satisfies the normal operation of the ONU equipment, and the alarm voltage is slightly higher than the voltage at which the ONU power module in the PON remote system cannot work;
  • the invention uses a comparator and a photoelectric conversion module to cooperate, and a comparator and a voltage divider circuit to cooperate to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the comparator When the ONU input voltage is below a preset alarm voltage, the comparator generates a sink current, thereby It enables the photoelectric conversion module to send signals to the PON chip, so that the PON chip can know that the ONU equipment cannot work normally.
  • the setting of the alarm voltage can be selected according to the actual working requirements of the PON remote system and the equipment configuration. With the setting of the alarm voltage, the voltage divider circuit and some electronic components in this circuit are also adjusted according to specific conditions.
  • the comparator can use the TL431 chip, and the photoelectric conversion module can use the KPS2801 chip.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit for implementing a power-off alarm in a PON remote system.
  • the circuit includes:
  • the comparator and the voltage dividing circuit are used to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the photoelectric conversion module sends a power-down alarm signal to the PON chip;
  • the alarm voltage is slightly higher than the threshold voltage at which the ONU power module in the PON remote system cannot work.
  • the invention uses a comparator and a photoelectric conversion module to cooperate, and a comparator and a voltage divider circuit to cooperate to monitor the ONU input voltage.
  • the comparator When the ONU input voltage is below a preset alarm voltage, the comparator generates a sink current, thereby It enables the photoelectric conversion module to send signals to the PON chip, so that the PON chip can know that the ONU equipment cannot work normally.
  • the setting of the alarm voltage can be selected according to the actual working requirements of the PON remote system and the equipment configuration. With the setting of the alarm voltage, the voltage divider circuit and some electronic components in this circuit are also adjusted according to specific conditions.
  • the voltage dividing circuit includes:
  • a first voltage dividing circuit including a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor connected in parallel;
  • a second voltage dividing circuit including a third resistor and a fourth resistor connected in series;
  • the input terminal of the first voltage dividing circuit is connected to the ONU input voltage, the input terminal of the second voltage dividing circuit is grounded, the output terminal of the second voltage dividing circuit, the output terminal of the first voltage dividing circuit and the reference terminal of the comparator are connected together.
  • R1 is the first resistor
  • R2 is the second resistor
  • R3 is the third resistor
  • R4 is the fourth resistor
  • R5 is the fifth resistor
  • R6 is the sixth resistor
  • R7 is the seventh resistor
  • C1 and C2 are the first capacitor and the second capacitor, respectively.
  • DYING-GASP is used to indicate that this line is used to send a signal to the PON chip, and then perform a power-down alarm;
  • the resistance value of the above resistor and the capacitance of the capacitor can be set according to requirements
  • C2 is used to prevent interference and prevent voltage jitter
  • R6 is connected to the working level of DYING-GASP, that is, to maintain a fixed level.
  • the line where R7 is located needs to send signals to the PON chip At this time, because the R6 terminal maintains a fixed level and the same working level as DYING-GASP, it can ensure that the power-down alarm can be performed normally, while R7 only plays an ordinary series resistance role.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit for implementing a power failure alarm in a PON remote system. Based on Embodiment 5,
  • the resistance of the first resistor and the second resistor is 5.9K ⁇
  • the resistance of the third resistor is 3.6K ⁇
  • the resistance of the fourth resistor is 44.2K ⁇ .
  • the voltage at one end of the comparator can be set to 2.5V.
  • a sink current will be generated at the output terminal of the comparator, and when the input of the comparator's reference terminal is input When the voltage is lower than 2.5V, no current is generated at the output of the comparator;
  • the primary side input signal is applied to the light emitting diodes and resistors on the primary side to generate an optocoupler input current If. If drives the light emitting diodes, the phototransistor on the secondary side is turned on to generate Ic. , And then generate Vout, to achieve the purpose of transmitting signals;
  • CTR current transfer ratio
  • the comparator is a TL431 chip, and the photoelectric conversion module is a KPS2801.
  • the pre-processed ONU input voltage is connected to the positive pole of the comparator, and a monitoring level VR is sent to the reference terminal of the comparator through the voltage dividing circuit.
  • the output terminal of the comparator is connected to the negative electrode of the primary-side light-emitting diode of the photoelectric conversion module, and the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode is connected to the analog ground of the power terminal, that is, 0V;
  • the output level of the collector of the phototransistor on the secondary side of the photoelectric conversion module is sent to the PON chip as a power failure alarm signal.
  • a pull-up resistor is connected to 3.3V.
  • the PON chip will pass the OMCI (Optical Network Unit)
  • the management control interface) channel reports a power failure alarm message to the OLT, and the secondary side emitter of the photoelectric conversion module is connected to digital ground.
  • the input voltage of the ONU is 48V.
  • a monitoring level VR After passing through the voltage dividing circuit composed of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, and the fourth resistor, a monitoring level VR will be obtained.
  • R1 is the first resistor
  • R2 is the second resistor
  • R3 is the third resistor
  • R4 is the fourth resistor
  • VD is the ONU input voltage
  • VI is the voltage output by the output of the comparator
  • R1 // R2 in the formula represents the resistance of R1 and R2 in parallel, where R1 and R2 are 5.9K ⁇ , R3 is 3.6K ⁇ , and R4 is 44.2K ⁇ . All three types of resistors use precision resistors;
  • the internal transistor of the TL431 When the input voltage of the comparator's reference terminal is less than 2.5V, the internal transistor of the TL431 does not conduct. At this time, no current is generated at the output terminal of the comparator, and the light-emitting diode on the primary side of the optocoupler cannot be driven. It cannot be turned on. At this time, the power-down alarm signal sent to the PON chip is pulled up, and the power-down alarm signal is reported.
  • the above formula can be used to calculate the trigger level of the power-down alarm as 43.01V, that is, when the input voltage of the ONU drops to 43V, the power-down alarm signal will be reported;
  • the threshold voltage value is only slightly higher than the voltage value at which the ONU power module cannot work, which is 38V, the risk of false positive OTING-GASP is greatly reduced.
  • the sink current output terminal of the comparator when the input voltage of the reference terminal is greater than 2.5V, the sink current output terminal of the comparator generates a sink current for driving the photoelectric conversion module to send a signal to the PON chip.
  • the alarm voltage is 43V
  • the threshold voltage at which the ONU power module cannot work is 38V.
  • a voltage below 38V cannot make the ONU power module inoperable.
  • 0V on the left side of R5 and 0V on the right side of R4 both represent ground.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments.
  • anyone can obtain other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention, but regardless of any changes in its shape or structure, all of them have the same or similar Similar technical solutions are within the scope of protection.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法及电路，涉及掉电告警技术领域，该方法包括以下步骤：S1、依次连接比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片；S2、向比较器配设一分压电路；S3、利用比较器以及分压电路监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，光电转换模块向PON芯片发送掉电告警信号。本发明利用比较器以及光电转换模块相配合，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，使得PON芯片能够得知ONU设备无法正常工作。

Description

一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法及电路 技术领域
本发明涉及掉电告警技术领域，具体涉及一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法及电路。
背景技术
目前，PON远端系统多加入了掉电告警功能，当ONU的电源无法满足系统正常工作的时候，系统会自动发一个信号给局端OLT设备(光线路终端)，从而告知OLT设备，ONU设备可能会无法正常工作，OLT设备就会做出相应反应和记录。
传统的掉电告警方式多为，采用复位芯片和大量的电解电容来实现这个功能，现有的DYING-GASP即掉电告警的电路通常将门限值设的比较接近输入电压，这样能够确保掉电保持时间大于4ms，使告警报文有充足的时间发送出去，但是当电网出现波动时，比较容易出现输入电压掉到DYING-GASP门限值以下，却又在系统能正常工作的最低电压之上，这样系统也会报出DYNG-GASP，但系统并没有掉电，即误报。故这种实现方式产生DYING-GASP误报的风险比较高，而且大量的OTING-GASP电解电容会引起很大的上电尖峰电流。
因此，急需提供一种精度较高的掉电告警方式，从而降低掉电告警误报情况的出现。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种在PON 远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法及电路，利用比较器以及光电转换模块相配合，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，使得PON芯片能够精准地得知ONU设备无法正常工作。
为达到以上目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：
一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
依次连接比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片；
向所述比较器配设一分压电路；
利用所述比较器以及所述分压电路监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，所述光电转换模块向所述PON芯片发送掉电告警信号；其中，
所述警报电压为预设的满足ONU设备正常工作的最低电压值，警报电压略高于PON远端系统中ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值。
本发明是利用比较器以及光电转换模块相配合，所述比较器以及所述分压电路相配合，用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，比较器产生一个吸入电流，从而使得光电转换模块向PON芯片发送信号，从而使得PON芯片能够得知ONU设备无法正常工作。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述配设分压电路的步骤具体包括以下步骤：
组建第一分压电路，所述第一分压电路包括并联的第一电阻、第二电阻以及第一电容；
组建第二分压电路，所述第二分压电路包括串联的第三电阻以及第四电阻；
将所述第一分压电路的输入端连接所述ONU输入电压，所述第二分压电路的输入端接地，所述第二分压电路的输出端、所述第一分压电路的输出端以及所述比较器的参考端连接在一起。
在上述技术方案的基础上，当系统正常工作时，通过由第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻以及第四电阻组成的分压电路后，会得到一个监测电平VR，即比较器参考端的电压，VR的计算公式如下：VR＝(VD-VI)*(R1//R2)/(R1//R2+R3+R4)；
其中R1为第一电阻，R2为第二电阻，R3为第三电阻，R4为第四电阻，VD为ONU输入电压，而VI则为比较器的输出端输出的电压；
式中的R1//R2代表R1与R2并联后的阻值，其中R1以及R2为5.9KΩ，R3为3.6KΩ，R4为44.2KΩ，三种电阻均使用精密电阻。
在上述技术方案的基础上，R1以及R2为5.9KΩ，R3为3.6KΩ，R4为44.2KΩ；
所述比较器选用TL431可调稳压二极管；
当比较器的参考端的输入电压大于2.5V，比较器内部的三极管导通，在比较器的输出端会产生一个吸入电流，该电流会驱动光耦原边侧的发光二极管，使其发光，从而使副边侧的光敏三极管导通，此时掉电告警信号被被下拉到0V左右，故此时送给PON芯片的掉电告警信号为低电平，不触发告警信号上报；
而当比较器的参考端的输入电压小于2.5V时，TL431内部三极管不导通，此时比较器的输出端没有电流产生，无法驱动光耦原边侧的发光二极管，因此副边的光敏三极管也不能导通，此时送给PON芯片的掉电告警信号被拉高，触发掉电告警信号上报。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述警报电压为43V，所述ONU电 源模块无法工作的电压临界值为38V。
本发明还公开一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，所述电路包括：
依次连接的比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片，所述比较器配设有一分压电路；
所述比较器以及所述分压电路用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，所述光电转换模块向所述PON芯片发送掉电告警信号；
所述警报电压为预设的满足ONU设备正常工作的最低电压值，警报电压略高于PON远端系统中ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述分压电路包括：
第一分压电路，所述第一分压电路包括并联的第一电阻、第二电阻以及第一电容；
第二分压电路，所述第二分压电路包括串联的第三电阻以及第四电阻；
所述第一分压电路的输入端连接所述ONU输入电压，所述第二分压电路的输入端接地，所述第二分压电路的输出端、所述第一分压电路的输出端以及所述比较器的参考端连接在一起。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述第一电阻以及所述第二电阻的阻值为5.9KΩ，所述第三电阻的阻值为3.6KΩ，所述第四电阻的阻值为44.2KΩ。
在上述技术方案的基础上，当所述参考端的输入电压大于2.5V时，所述比较器的吸入电流输出端产生用于驱动所述光电转换模块向所述PON芯片发送信号的吸入电流。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述警报电压为43V，所述ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值为38V。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
(1)本发明利用比较器以及光电转换模块相配合，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，比较器产生一个吸入电流，从而使得光电转换模块向PON芯片发送信号，从而使得PON芯片能够得知ONU设备无法正常工作。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法的步骤图；
图2为本发明实施例2中在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法的步骤图；
图3为本发明实施例3中TL431芯片的内部结构图；
图4为本发明实施例3中KPS2801的内部结构图；
图5为本发明实施例4中在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例5中在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路的结构示意图；
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
参见图1所示，本发明实施例1提供一种在PON远端系统中实 现掉电告警的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S1、依次连接比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片；
S2、向比较器配设一分压电路；
S3、利用比较器以及分压电路监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，光电转换模块向PON芯片发送掉电告警信号；其中，
警报电压为预设的满足ONU设备正常工作的最低电压值，警报电压略高于PON远端系统中ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值。
本发明是利用比较器以及光电转换模块相配合，比较器以及分压电路相配合，用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，比较器产生一个吸入电流，从而使得光电转换模块向PON芯片发送信号，从而使得PON芯片能够得知ONU设备无法正常工作。
警报电压的设定可根据实际PON远端系统的工作需求以及设备配置进行选择，而随着警报电压的设定，分压电路以及本电路中的部分电子元件也根据具体情况进行调整。
需要说明的是比较器可以使用TL431可调稳压二极管，而光电转换模块可使用KPS2801芯片；
光电转换模块的使用时是由于ONU输入电压与PON芯片的地电平不共用以及信号转化所必须的部件；
比较器的作用为前后电压比较，达到预警电压而产生告警信号。
需要说明的是，ONU电源模块用于向ONU设备供电。
实施例2
参见图2所示，本发明实施例2提供一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S1、依次连接比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片；
S2、向比较器配设一分压电路；
S3、利用比较器以及分压电路监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，光电转换模块向PON芯片发送掉电告警信号；其中，
警报电压为预设的满足ONU设备正常工作的最低电压值，警报电压略高于PON远端系统中ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值；
本发明是利用比较器以及光电转换模块相配合，比较器以及分压电路相配合，用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，比较器产生一个吸入电流，从而使得光电转换模块向PON芯片发送信号，从而使得PON芯片能够得知ONU设备无法正常工作。
警报电压的设定可根据实际PON远端系统的工作需求以及设备配置进行选择，而随着警报电压的设定，分压电路以及本电路中的部分电子元件也根据具体情况进行调整。
本实施例中，配设分压电路的步骤，即步骤S2具体包括以下步骤：
S201、组建第一分压电路，第一分压电路包括并联的第一电阻、第二电阻以及第一电容；
S202、组建第二分压电路，第二分压电路包括串联的第三电阻以及第四电阻；
S203、将第一分压电路的输入端连接ONU输入电压，第二分压电路的输入端接地，第二分压电路的输出端、第一分压电路的输出端以及比较器的参考端连接在一起。
实施例3
本发明实施例提供一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法，在实施例2的基础上，该方法中：
第一电阻以及第二电阻的阻值为5.9KΩ，第三电阻的阻值为3.6KΩ，第四电阻的阻值为44.2KΩ。
本实施例中，可将比较器一端的电压设为2.5V，当比较器的参考端的输入电压高于2.5V时，比较器的输出端会产生一个吸入电流，而当比较器的参考端的输入电压低于2.5V时，比较器的输出端没有电流产生；
由于光电转换模块使用COSMO的KPS2801芯片，利用原边输入信号，施加到原边的发光二极管和电阻上产生光电转换模块的输入电流If，If驱动发光二极管，使得副边的光敏三极管导通，产生Ic，进而产生Vout，达到传递信号的目的；
原边副边直接的驱动关联是CTR(电流传输比)，要满足Ic<＝If*CTR。
本实施例中，比较器选用TL431芯片，光电转换模块选用KPS2801，TL431芯片以及KPS2801的内部结构图参见图3、4，经过预处理的ONU输入电压接入比较器的正极，同时通过分压电路送入一个监测电平VR到比较器的参考端，比较器的输出端接入光电转换模块的原边发光二极管的负极，发光二极管的正极接电源端的模拟地，即0V；
光电转换模块副边的光敏三极管的集电极输出电平送入PON芯片作为掉电告警信号，同时外接一个上拉电阻到3.3V，该信号为高电平时，PON芯片会通过OMCI(光网络单元管理控制接口)通道向OLT上报掉电告警消息，光电转换模块的副边发射极接数字地。
当系统正常工作时，ONU输入电压为48V，通过由第一电阻、 第二电阻、第三电阻以及第四电阻组成的分压电路后，会得到一个监测电平VR，VR的计算公式如下：VR＝(VD-VI)*(R1//R2)/(R1//R2+R3+R4)；
其中R1为第一电阻，R2为第二电阻，R3为第三电阻，R4为第四电阻，VD为ONU输入电压，而VI则为比较器的输出端输出的电压；
式中的R1//R2代表R1与R2并联后的阻值，其中R1以及R2为5.9KΩ，R3为3.6KΩ，R4为44.2KΩ，三种电阻均使用精密电阻；
按照公式计算，当VD为48V时，此时VR为2.79V，比较器的参考端的输入电压大于2.5V，TL431内部的三极管导通，在比较器的输出端会产生一个吸入电流，该电流会驱动光耦原边侧的发光二极管，使其发光，从而使副边侧的光敏三极管导通，此时掉电告警信号被被下拉到0V左右，故此时送给PON芯片的掉电告警信号为低电平，不触发告警信号上报；
而当比较器的参考端的输入电压小于2.5V时，TL431内部三极管不导通，此时比较器的输出端没有电流产生，无法驱动光耦原边侧的发光二极管，因此副边的光敏三极管也不能导通，此时送给PON芯片的掉电告警信号被拉高，触发掉电告警信号上报；
因此，以2.5V为临界点，借助上述公式可以算出掉电告警的触发电平为43.01V，也就是说，当ONU的输入电压跌落到43V时，便会触发掉电告警信号上报；
由于该门槛电压值仅仅稍高于ONU电源模块无法工作的电压值，即38V，所以大大减少了误报OTING-GASP的风险。
本实施例中，当参考端的输入电压大于2.5V时，比较器的吸入电流输出端会产生用于驱动光电转换模块向PON芯片发送信号的吸 入电流。
本实施例中，警报电压为43V，ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值为38V，38V以下的电压无法使得ONU电源模块无法工作。
实施例4
参见图5所示，本发明实施例提供一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，该电路包括：
依次连接的比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片，比较器配设有一分压电路；
比较器以及分压电路用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，光电转换模块向PON芯片发送掉电告警信号；
警报电压为预设的满足ONU设备正常工作的最低电压值，警报电压略高于PON远端系统中ONU电源模块无法工作的电压；
本发明是利用比较器以及光电转换模块相配合，比较器以及分压电路相配合，用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，比较器产生一个吸入电流，从而使得光电转换模块向PON芯片发送信号，从而使得PON芯片能够得知ONU设备无法正常工作。
警报电压的设定可根据实际PON远端系统的工作需求以及设备配置进行选择，而随着警报电压的设定，分压电路以及本电路中的部分电子元件也根据具体情况进行调整。
需要说明的是比较器可以使用TL431芯片，而光电转换模块可使用KPS2801芯片。
实施例5
参见图6所示，本发明实施例提供一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，该电路包括：
依次连接的比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片，比较器配设有一分压电路；
比较器以及分压电路用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，光电转换模块向PON芯片发送掉电告警信号；
警报电压略高于PON远端系统中ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值。
本发明是利用比较器以及光电转换模块相配合，比较器以及分压电路相配合，用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，比较器产生一个吸入电流，从而使得光电转换模块向PON芯片发送信号，从而使得PON芯片能够得知ONU设备无法正常工作。
警报电压的设定可根据实际PON远端系统的工作需求以及设备配置进行选择，而随着警报电压的设定，分压电路以及本电路中的部分电子元件也根据具体情况进行调整。
本实施例中，分压电路包括：
第一分压电路，第一分压电路包括并联的第一电阻、第二电阻以及第一电容；
第二分压电路，第二分压电路包括串联的第三电阻以及第四电阻；
第一分压电路的输入端连接ONU输入电压，第二分压电路的输入端接地，第二分压电路的输出端、第一分压电路的输出端以及比较器的参考端连接在一起。
需要说明的是，其中R1为第一电阻，R2为第二电阻，R3为第 三电阻，R4为第四电阻，而R5为第五电阻，R6为第六电阻，R7为第七电阻，R4为第四电阻，C1以及C2分别为第一电容以及第二电容，DYING-GASP用于表示此线路用于向PON芯片发送信号，进而进行掉电告警；
另外上述电阻的阻值以及电容的电容大小均可根据需求进行设置；
需要说明的是，C2用于防干扰，防止电压发生抖动，而R6由于是与DYING-GASP的工作电平连接，即保持一个固定电平，当R7所在的线路需要用于向PON芯片发送信号时，由于R6端保持一个固定电平且与DYING-GASP的工作电平相同，故而能够保证掉电告警能够正常进行，而R7仅起到寻常的串阻作用。
实施例6
本发明实施例提供一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，在实施例5的基础上：
第一电阻以及第二电阻的阻值为5.9KΩ，第三电阻的阻值为3.6KΩ，第四电阻的阻值为44.2KΩ。
本实施例中，可将比较器一端的电压设为2.5V，当比较器的参考端的输入电压高于2.5V时，比较器的输出端会产生一个吸入电流，而当比较器的参考端的输入电压低于2.5V时，比较器的输出端没有电流产生；
由于光电转换模块使用COSMO的KPS2801芯片，利用原边输入信号，施加到原边的发光二极管和电阻上产生光耦的输入电流If，If驱动发光二极管，使得副边的光敏三极管导通，产生Ic，进而产生Vout，达到传递信号的目的；
原边副边直接的驱动关联是CTR(电流传输比)，要满足Ic <＝If*CTR。
本实施例中，比较器选用TL431芯片，光电转换模块选用KPS2801，经过预处理的ONU输入电压接入比较器的正极，同时通过分压电路送入一个监测电平VR到比较器的参考端，比较器的输出端接入光电转换模块的原边发光二极管的负极，发光二极管的正极接电源端的模拟地，即0V；
光电转换模块副边的光敏三极管的集电极输出电平送入PON芯片作为掉电告警信号，同时外接一个上拉电阻到3.3V，该信号为高电平时，PON芯片会通过OMCI(光网络单元管理控制接口)通道向OLT上报掉电告警消息，光电转换模块的副边发射极接数字地。
当系统正常工作时，ONU输入电压为48V，通过由第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻以及第四电阻组成的分压电路后，会得到一个监测电平VR，VR的计算公式如下：VR＝(VD-VI)*(R1//R2)/(R1//R2+R3+R4)；
其中R1为第一电阻，R2为第二电阻，R3为第三电阻，R4为第四电阻，VD为ONU输入电压，而VI则为比较器的输出端输出的电压；
式中的R1//R2代表R1与R2并联后的电阻，其中R1以及R2为5.9KΩ，R3为3.6KΩ，R4为44.2KΩ，三种电阻均使用精密电阻；
按照公式计算，当VD为48V时，此时VR为2.79V，比较器的参考端的输入电压大于2.5V，TL431内部的三极管导通，在比较器的输出端会产生一个吸入电流,该电流会驱动光耦原边侧的发光二极管，使其发光，从而使副边侧的光敏三极管导通，此时掉电告警信号被下拉到0V左右，故此时送给PON芯片的掉电告警信号为低电平，不触发告警信号上报；
而当比较器的参考端的输入电压小于2.5V时，TL431内部三极管不导通，此时比较器的输出端没有电流产生，无法驱动光耦原边侧的发光二极管，因此副边的光敏三极管也不能导通，此时送给PON芯片的掉电告警信号被拉高，触发掉电告警信号上报；
因此，以2.5V为临界点，借助上述公式可以算出掉电告警的触发电平为43.01V，也就是说，当ONU的输入电压跌落到43V时，便会触发掉电告警信号上报；
由于该门槛电压值仅仅稍高于ONU电源模块无法工作的电压值，即38V，所以大大减少了误报OTING-GASP的风险。
本实施例中，当参考端的输入电压大于2.5V时，比较器的吸入电流输出端会产生用于驱动光电转换模块向PON芯片发送信号的吸入电流。
本实施例中，警报电压为43V，ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值为38V，38V以下的电压无法使得ONU电源模块无法工作。
需要说明的是，如图6中所示，R5左侧的0V以及R4右侧的0V均表示接地。
本发明不仅局限于上述最佳实施方式，任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品，但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化，凡是具有与本发明相同或相近似的技术方案，均在其保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    依次连接比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片；
    向所述比较器配设一分压电路；
    利用所述比较器以及所述分压电路监测ONU输入电压，当ONU输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，所述光电转换模块向所述PON芯片发送掉电告警信号；其中，
    所述警报电压为预设的满足ONU设备正常工作的最低电压值，警报电压略高于PON远端系统中ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法，其特征在于，所述配设分压电路的步骤具体包括以下步骤：
    组建第一分压电路，所述第一分压电路包括并联的第一电阻、第二电阻以及第一电容；
    组建第二分压电路，所述第二分压电路包括串联的第三电阻以及第四电阻；
    将所述第一分压电路的输入端连接所述ONU输入电压，所述第二分压电路的输入端接地，所述第二分压电路的输出端、所述第一分压电路的输出端以及所述比较器的参考端连接在一起。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法，其特征在于：
    当系统正常工作时，通过由第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻以及第四电阻组成的分压电路后，会得到一个监测电平VR，VR的计算公式如下：VR＝(VD-VI)*(R1//R2)/(R1//R2+R3+R4)；
    其中R1为第一电阻，R2为第二电阻，R3为第三电阻，R4为第四电阻，VD为ONU输入电压，而VI则为比较器的输出端输出的电压；
    式中的R1//R2代表R1与R2并联后的阻值，其中R1以及R2为5.9KΩ，R3为3.6KΩ，R4为44.2KΩ，三种电阻均使用精密电阻。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法，其特征在于：R1以及R2为5.9KΩ，R3为3.6KΩ，R4为44.2KΩ；
    所述比较器选用TL431芯片；
    当比较器的参考端的输入电压大于2.5V，比较器内部的三极管导通，在比较器的输出端会产生一个吸入电流，该电流会驱动光耦原边侧的发光二极管，使其发光，从而使副边侧的光敏三极管导通，此时掉电告警信号被被下拉到0V左右，故此时送给PON芯片的掉电告警信号为低电平，不触发告警信号上报；
    而当比较器的参考端的输入电压小于2.5V时，TL431内部三极管不导通，此时比较器的输出端没有电流产生，无法驱动光耦原边侧的发光二极管，因此副边的光敏三极管也不能导通，此时送给PON芯片的掉电告警信号被拉高，触发掉电告警信号上报。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的方法，其特征在于：所述警报电压为43V，所述ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值为38V。
  6. 一种在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，其特征在于，所述电路包括：
    依次连接的比较器、光电转换模块以及PON芯片，所述比较器配设有一分压电路；
    所述比较器以及所述分压电路用于监测ONU输入电压，当ONU 输入电压位于预设的警报电压以下时，所述光电转换模块向所述PON芯片发送掉电告警信号；
    所述警报电压为预设的满足ONU设备正常工作的最低电压值，警报电压略高于PON远端系统中ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，其特征在于，所述分压电路包括：
    第一分压电路，所述第一分压电路包括并联的第一电阻、第二电阻以及第一电容；
    第二分压电路，所述第二分压电路包括串联的第三电阻以及第四电阻；
    所述第一分压电路的输入端连接所述ONU输入电压，所述第二分压电路的输入端接地，所述第二分压电路的输出端、所述第一分压电路的输出端以及所述比较器的参考端连接在一起。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，其特征在于：
    所述第一电阻以及所述第二电阻的阻值为5.9KΩ，所述第三电阻的阻值为3.6KΩ，所述第四电阻的阻值为44.2KΩ。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，其特征在于：当所述参考端的输入电压大于2.5V时，所述比较器的吸入电流输出端产生用于驱动所述光电转换模块向所述PON芯片发送信号的吸入电流。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的在PON远端系统中实现掉电告警的电路，其特征在于：所述警报电压为43V，所述ONU电源模块无法工作的电压临界值为38V。
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