WO2019222892A1 - 混凝土梁及其建造方法 - Google Patents

混凝土梁及其建造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019222892A1
WO2019222892A1 PCT/CN2018/087711 CN2018087711W WO2019222892A1 WO 2019222892 A1 WO2019222892 A1 WO 2019222892A1 CN 2018087711 W CN2018087711 W CN 2018087711W WO 2019222892 A1 WO2019222892 A1 WO 2019222892A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support
formwork
concrete
constructing
pouring cavity
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/087711
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨泓斌
陈祥祥
李缙
高国恒
翟皓月
Original Assignee
增城市碧桂园物业发展有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 增城市碧桂园物业发展有限公司 filed Critical 增城市碧桂园物业发展有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/087711 priority Critical patent/WO2019222892A1/zh
Publication of WO2019222892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019222892A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/20—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of construction of concrete beams, and in particular, to concrete beams and construction methods thereof.
  • a formwork such as a wood formwork, a composite formwork, or an aluminum formwork is used to surround the pouring cavity, so that the concrete beam is formed in the pouring cavity.
  • the formwork needs to be disassembled.
  • the wood formwork although it has the advantage of flexible combination, due to its easy deformation characteristics, it needs to be plastered and leveled after disassembly and it is easy to generate a lot of construction waste, which is not conducive to environmental protection.
  • a concrete beam and a construction method thereof are provided.
  • a method for constructing a concrete beam includes:
  • a concrete beam is constructed using the following construction methods, the construction methods include:
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for constructing a concrete beam according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a concrete beam
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial construction of the concrete beam shown in FIG. 2;
  • step S107B of the method for constructing a concrete beam shown in FIG. 6;
  • step S107C of the method for constructing a concrete beam shown in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for constructing a concrete beam according to another embodiment.
  • step S207B is a flowchart of step S207B of the method for constructing the concrete beam shown in FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of step S207C of the method for constructing the concrete beam shown in FIG. 11.
  • a method for constructing a concrete beam includes, for example, setting up a support system; for example, laying a beam template on the support system, wherein the beam template is formed with a pouring cavity, and the beam template is a concrete template; for example, Placing a reinforced cage or binding reinforcement in the pouring cavity; for example, pouring concrete into the pouring cavity so that the concrete wraps the reinforcing cage and is formed in the pouring cavity; for example, removing the support system.
  • a method for constructing a concrete beam includes: setting up a support system; laying a beam template on the support system, wherein the beam template is formed with a pouring cavity, and the beam template is a concrete form; and in the pouring cavity A reinforced cage is placed inside; concrete is poured into the pouring cavity, so that the concrete wraps the reinforced cage and is formed in the pouring cavity; and the support system is removed.
  • a method for constructing a concrete beam includes:
  • a support system 100 is set up.
  • the supporting system 100 includes a supporting rod 10, a supporting top bracket 20 and a supporting bottom plate 30.
  • step S101 of setting up a support system includes:
  • the support rod includes a rod body 12 and a support base 14 extending outwardly from the rod body.
  • the support base is used to contact the ground or other target installation positions.
  • the support base and the rod body are integrally formed, so that the structure of the support rod is relatively compact.
  • the support base and the rod body can also be formed separately and connected together by welding.
  • the cross sections of the support base and the rod body are both circular, and the outer diameter of the support base is larger than the outer diameter of the rod body, so that the contact area between the support base and the ground is large.
  • the material of the support rod is aluminum or steel, so that the support rod has better strength.
  • a support jack 20 is installed on the support rod.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket are connected together by screws, so that the support top bracket is detachably connected to the support rod, which is convenient for separate packaging and transportation.
  • the early disassembly site can be removed in advance to shorten the free-form beam Construction time.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket are not limited to detachable connections.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket can also be connected together by welding, so that the support base plate can be quickly installed on the support top bracket. on.
  • the material of the supporting support is aluminum or steel, so that the supporting support has better strength.
  • a support bottom plate 30 is mounted on the support top bracket, and the support bottom plate is connected to the support top bracket.
  • the support bottom plate is installed on the support top bracket, and the support bottom plate is connected to the support top bracket, so that the support bottom plate and the support top bracket together serve as a base for laying and supporting the beam formwork.
  • the step S101C of mounting the support base plate on the support top bracket is specifically:
  • the support bottom plate is fixed to the support top bracket by a first pin, so that the support bottom plate and the support top bracket are firmly connected.
  • the top surface of the support bracket is in the same plane as the top surface of the support floor to ensure the horizontality of the subsequent beam formwork.
  • a first connection hole is provided on the support bottom plate
  • a second connection hole is provided on the support top bracket
  • the first pin is sequentially penetrated through the first connection hole, the second connection hole and In the first connection hole of the other support base plate, two adjacent support base plates and the support top bracket are fixed together by pins.
  • the supporting bottom plate is bent.
  • the cross section of the support base plate is L-shaped or U-shaped, so that the support base plate is better connected to the support top bracket.
  • the material of the supporting base plate is metal or plastic, so that the supporting base plate has better strength.
  • the beam formwork is formed with a pouring cavity 41, and the beam formwork is a concrete formwork.
  • the cross section of the beam template is U-shaped, so that the pouring cavity is U-shaped.
  • the material of the beam formwork includes at least one of fiber-reinforced concrete and ceramsite concrete, so that the cost of the beam formwork is low and the performance of resistance to bending deformation is satisfied.
  • step S107 of laying a beam template on the supporting system is specifically:
  • a beam formwork is laid on the support floor and the support top.
  • the beam formwork includes a beam bottom formwork 42, a first beam side formwork 44 vertically disposed on the beam bottom formwork, and a second beam side formwork 46 vertically disposed on the beam bottom formwork.
  • the first beam-side formwork and the second beam-side formwork are parallel to each other.
  • step S107 of laying a beam template on the supporting system includes:
  • a first step 422 and a second step 424 are respectively provided on two sides of the beam bottom formwork, and a first positioning groove 442 adapted to the first step is provided on the first beam side formwork.
  • the beam side formwork is provided with a second positioning groove 462 adapted to the second step, so that the first beam side formwork and the second beam side formwork are better laid on both sides of the beam bottom formwork to ensure the first beam side formwork.
  • the second beam side formwork is in close contact with the beam bottom formwork. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the beam bottom formwork and the beam side formwork are not limited to the steps and positioning grooves.
  • two sides of the beam bottom formwork are respectively provided with a first boss and a second boss.
  • the beam side formwork is provided with a first clamping groove
  • the second beam side formwork is provided with a second clamping groove.
  • the first projection is located in the first clamping groove
  • the second projection is located in the second clamping groove.
  • the extension direction of the first boss and the second boss are both parallel to the extension direction of the beam bottom template.
  • the cross sections of the first boss and the second boss are rectangular or semicircular, so that both the first beam side formwork and the second beam side formwork are tightly connected to the beam bottom formwork.
  • step S107B of laying the first beam side formwork on one side of the beam bottom formwork includes:
  • S107B2 are connected to the first beam-side formwork and the support base plate respectively through a first corner code 50, wherein one side of the first corner code abuts the first beam-side formwork and the other side is in contact with the first beam-side formwork.
  • the abutment of the support floor ensures the verticality of the first beam side formwork and the support floor. Since the beam bottom formwork is laid on the support floor, the first beam side formwork is vertically arranged on the beam bottom formwork.
  • the first beam-side formwork includes a plurality of first beam-side formwork units 44a, and the number of the support base plate, the first corner code, the support rod, and the support top are multiple.
  • a plurality of support rods are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of support brackets.
  • Two adjacent support base plates are respectively installed on both sides of one support bracket.
  • Two adjacent first beam-side formwork units pass one of the first corner codes. Connected to the corresponding support floor.
  • the first corner code is fixed to the corresponding support base plate through the second pin 60, so that the first corner code and the support base plate are connected together.
  • a first mounting hole 52 is provided on the first corner code
  • a second mounting hole 33 is provided on the support base plate.
  • the second pin is respectively penetrated in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to make the first corner
  • the code and support base are firmly connected.
  • the number of the second mounting holes is at least two, and the two second mounting holes are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first beam side formwork. The distance between two adjacent second mounting holes is based on the size of the concrete beam. Set up so that the support floor can adapt to the construction of concrete beams of different sizes.
  • two adjacent support bottom plates and a support top bracket are fixed together by a first pin, so that two adjacent support bottom plates are respectively installed on both sides of the support top bracket.
  • the step of fixing the support base plate to the support top plate by a first pin is specifically: fixing the support base plate and two adjacent supports located on both sides of the support base plate by the first pin. The bottom plates are connected together.
  • step S107C of laying the second beam side formwork on the other side of the beam bottom formwork includes:
  • the second beam-side formwork includes a plurality of second beam-side formwork units 46a, and the plurality of second beam-side formwork units correspond to the plurality of first beam-side formwork units one-to-one.
  • the number of the support base plate and the second corner code are multiple.
  • Two adjacent support base plates are respectively installed on both sides of the support top bracket, and two adjacent second beam-side formwork units are connected to the corresponding support base plate through one of the second corner codes.
  • the second corner code is fixed to the corresponding support base plate through the third pin 80, so that the second corner code and the support base plate are connected together.
  • a third mounting hole 72 is provided on the second corner code
  • a fourth mounting hole 34 is provided on the support base plate.
  • the third pin is respectively inserted in the third mounting hole and the fourth mounting hole, so that the second corner
  • the code and support base are firmly connected.
  • the number of the fourth mounting holes is at least two, and the two fourth mounting holes are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second beam side formwork. The distance between two adjacent fourth mounting holes is based on the size of the concrete beam. Set up so that the support floor can adapt to the construction of concrete beams of different sizes.
  • a reinforcing cage is placed in the pouring cavity.
  • the reinforcing cage is hoisted into the pouring cavity after other bindings are formed.
  • the concrete is poured into the pouring cavity, so that the concrete wraps the steel cage and is formed in the pouring cavity, so that the formed concrete beam has better strength and toughness.
  • step S113 of removing the supporting system is specifically: removing the supporting rod, the supporting top bracket and the supporting bottom plate.
  • the support base plate in the support system may be removed first, and then the support rod and the support top bracket may be removed.
  • the method for constructing a concrete beam according to another embodiment further includes a step of tying steel bars in the pouring cavity.
  • the tying of reinforcing steel bars in the pouring cavity is performed after the beam formwork is laid on the supporting system and before the concrete is poured into the pouring cavity.
  • a method for constructing a concrete beam includes:
  • step S201 of setting up a support system includes:
  • the support rod includes a rod body and a support base extending outward from the rod body, and the support base is used to contact the ground or other target installation positions.
  • the support base and the rod body are integrally formed, so that the structure of the support rod is relatively compact.
  • the support base and the rod body can also be formed separately and connected together by welding.
  • the cross sections of the support base and the rod body are both circular, and the outer diameter of the support base is larger than the outer diameter of the rod body, so that the contact area between the support base and the ground is large.
  • the material of the support rod is aluminum or steel, so that the support rod has better strength.
  • a support jack is installed on the support rod.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket are connected together by screws, so that the support top bracket is detachably connected to the support rod, which is convenient for separate packaging and transportation.
  • the early disassembly site can be removed in advance to shorten the free-form beam Construction time.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket are not limited to detachable connections.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket can also be connected together by welding, so that the support base plate can be quickly installed on the support top bracket. on.
  • the material of the supporting support is aluminum or steel, so that the supporting support has better strength.
  • a support bottom plate is mounted on the support top bracket, and the support bottom plate is connected to the support top bracket.
  • the support bottom plate is installed on the support top bracket, and the support bottom plate is connected to the support top bracket, so that the support bottom plate and the support top bracket together serve as a base for laying and supporting the beam formwork.
  • the step S201C of mounting a support base on the support top is specifically:
  • the support bottom plate is fixed to the support top bracket by a first pin, so that the support bottom plate and the support top bracket are firmly connected.
  • the top surface of the support bracket is in the same plane as the top surface of the support floor to ensure the horizontality of the subsequent beam formwork.
  • a first connection hole is provided on the support bottom plate
  • a second connection hole is provided on the support top bracket
  • the first pin is sequentially penetrated through the first connection hole, the second connection hole and In the first connection hole of the other support base plate, two adjacent support base plates and the support top bracket are fixed together by pins.
  • the supporting bottom plate is bent.
  • the cross section of the support base plate is L-shaped or U-shaped, so that the support base plate is better connected to the support top bracket.
  • the supporting base plate is made of metal or plastic, so that the supporting base plate has better strength.
  • the beam form is formed with a pouring cavity
  • the beam form is a concrete form.
  • the cross section of the beam template is U-shaped, so that the pouring cavity is U-shaped.
  • the material of the beam formwork includes at least one of fiber-reinforced concrete and ceramsite concrete, so that the cost of the beam formwork is low and the performance of resistance to bending deformation can be satisfied.
  • the beam formwork includes a beam bottom formwork, a first beam side formwork vertically disposed on the beam bottom formwork, and a second beam side formwork vertically disposed on the beam bottom formwork.
  • the first beam-side formwork and the second beam-side formwork are parallel to each other.
  • step S207 of laying a beam template on the supporting system includes:
  • the two sides of the beam bottom formwork are respectively provided with a first step and a second step
  • the first beam side formwork is provided with a first positioning groove matching the first step
  • the second beam side formwork is provided with the first step.
  • the second positioning groove matching the second step enables the first beam side formwork and the second beam side formwork to be laid on both sides of the beam bottom formwork to ensure that the first beam side formwork and the second beam side formwork are connected to the beam bottom. Close contact between templates.
  • the beam bottom formwork and the beam side formwork are not limited to the steps and positioning grooves.
  • two sides of the beam bottom formwork are respectively provided with a first boss and a second boss.
  • the beam side formwork is provided with a first clamping groove
  • the second beam side formwork is provided with a second clamping groove.
  • the first projection is located in the first clamping groove
  • the second projection is located in the second clamping groove.
  • the extension direction of the first boss and the second boss are both parallel to the extension direction of the beam bottom template.
  • the cross sections of the first boss and the second boss are rectangular or semicircular, so that both the first beam side formwork and the second beam side formwork are tightly connected to the beam bottom formwork.
  • step S207B of laying the first beam side formwork on one side of the beam bottom formwork includes:
  • S207B2 is connected to the first beam side formwork and the supporting base plate respectively through a first corner code, wherein one side of the first corner code abuts the first beam side formwork and the other side is in contact with the first beam formwork.
  • the abutment of the support floor ensures the verticality of the first beam side formwork and the support floor. Since the beam bottom formwork is laid on the support floor, the first beam side formwork is vertically arranged on the beam bottom formwork.
  • the first beam-side formwork includes a plurality of first beam-side formwork units, and the number of the support bottom plate, the first corner code, the support rod, and the support top is multiple.
  • a plurality of support rods are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of support brackets.
  • Two adjacent support base plates are respectively installed on both sides of one support bracket.
  • Two adjacent first beam-side formwork units pass one of the first corner codes. Connected to the corresponding support floor.
  • the first corner code is fixed on the corresponding support base plate through the second pin, so that the first corner code and the support base plate are connected together.
  • a first mounting hole is provided on the first corner code, and a second mounting hole is provided on the support base plate.
  • the second pin is respectively penetrated in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, so that the first corner code and the The support floor is firmly connected.
  • the number of the second mounting holes is at least two, and the two second mounting holes are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first beam side formwork. The distance between two adjacent second mounting holes is based on the size of the concrete beam. Set up so that the support floor can adapt to the construction of concrete beams of different sizes.
  • two adjacent support bottom plates and a support top bracket are fixed together by a first pin, so that two adjacent support bottom plates are respectively installed on both sides of the support top bracket.
  • the step of fixing the support base plate to the support top plate by a first pin is specifically: fixing the support base plate and two adjacent supports located on both sides of the support base plate by the first pin. The bottom plates are connected together.
  • step S207C of laying the second beam side formwork on the other side of the beam bottom formwork includes:
  • S207C2 is connected to the second beam-side formwork and the support base plate through a second corner code, respectively.
  • one side of the second corner code is in contact with the second beam side formwork, and the other side is in contact with the support base plate, ensuring the verticality of the second beam side formwork and the support base plate.
  • the second beam side formwork is vertically arranged on the beam bottom formwork.
  • the second beam-side formwork includes a plurality of second beam-side formwork units, and the plurality of second beam-side formwork units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first-side formwork units.
  • the number of the support base plate and the second corner code are multiple.
  • Two adjacent support base plates are respectively installed on both sides of the support top bracket, and two adjacent second beam-side formwork units are connected to the corresponding support base plate through one of the second corner codes.
  • the second corner code is fixed on the corresponding support base plate through the third pin, so that the second corner code and the support base plate are connected together.
  • a third mounting hole is provided on the second corner code
  • a fourth mounting hole is provided on the support base plate
  • the third pin is respectively penetrated in the third mounting hole and the fourth mounting hole, so that the second corner code and The support floor is firmly connected.
  • the number of the fourth mounting holes is at least two, and the two fourth mounting holes are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second beam side formwork. The distance between two adjacent fourth mounting holes is based on the size of the concrete beam. Set up so that the support floor can adapt to the construction of concrete beams of different sizes.
  • the reinforcing cage is bundled in the pouring cavity.
  • the concrete is poured into the pouring cavity, so that the concrete wraps the reinforcing cage and is formed in the pouring cavity, so that the formed concrete beam has better strength and toughness.
  • Construction methods include:
  • the supporting system 100 includes a supporting rod 10, a supporting top bracket 20 and a supporting bottom plate 30.
  • Step S101 of setting up a support system includes:
  • the support rod includes a rod body 12 and a support base 14 extending outwardly from the rod body.
  • the support base is used to contact the ground or other target installation positions.
  • the support base and the rod body are integrally formed, so that the structure of the support rod is relatively compact.
  • the support base and the rod body can also be formed separately and connected together by welding.
  • the cross sections of the support base and the rod body are both circular, and the outer diameter of the support base is larger than the outer diameter of the rod body, so that the contact area between the support base and the ground is large.
  • the material of the support rod is aluminum or steel, so that the support rod has better strength.
  • a support jack 20 is installed on the support rod.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket are connected together by screws, so that the support top bracket is detachably connected to the support rod, which is convenient for separate packaging and transportation.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket are not limited to detachable connections.
  • the support rod and the support top bracket can also be connected together by welding, so that the support base plate can be quickly installed on the support top bracket. on.
  • the material of the supporting support is aluminum or steel, so that the supporting support has better strength.
  • a support bottom plate 30 is mounted on the support top bracket, and the support bottom plate is connected to the support top bracket.
  • the support bottom plate is installed on the support top bracket, and the support bottom plate is connected to the support top bracket, so that the support bottom plate and the support top bracket together serve as a base for laying and supporting the beam formwork.
  • the step S101C of mounting the support base plate on the support top bracket is specifically:
  • the support bottom plate is fixed to the support top bracket by a first pin, so that the support bottom plate and the support top bracket are firmly connected.
  • the top surface of the support bracket is in the same plane as the top surface of the support floor to ensure the horizontality of the subsequent beam formwork.
  • a first connection hole is provided on the support bottom plate
  • a second connection hole is provided on the support top bracket
  • the first pin is sequentially penetrated through the first connection hole, the second connection hole and In the first connection hole of the other support base plate, two adjacent support base plates and the support top bracket are fixed together by pins.
  • the supporting bottom plate is bent.
  • the cross section of the support base plate is L-shaped or U-shaped, so that the support base plate is better connected to the support top bracket.
  • the supporting base plate is made of metal or plastic, so that the supporting base plate has better strength.
  • the beam formwork is formed with a pouring cavity 41, and the beam formwork is a concrete formwork.
  • the cross section of the beam template is U-shaped, so that the pouring cavity is U-shaped.
  • the material of the beam formwork includes at least one of fiber-reinforced concrete and ceramsite concrete, so that the cost of the beam formwork is low and the performance of resistance to bending deformation can be satisfied.
  • step S107 of laying a beam template on the supporting system is specifically:
  • a beam formwork is laid on the support floor and the support top.
  • the beam formwork includes a beam bottom formwork 42, a first beam side formwork 44 vertically disposed on the beam bottom formwork, and a second beam side formwork 46 vertically disposed on the beam bottom formwork.
  • the first beam-side formwork and the second beam-side formwork are parallel to each other.
  • step S107 of laying a beam template on the supporting system includes:
  • a first step 422 and a second step 424 are respectively provided on two sides of the beam bottom formwork, and a first positioning groove 442 adapted to the first step is provided on the first beam side formwork.
  • the beam side formwork is provided with a second positioning groove 462 adapted to the second step, so that the first beam side formwork and the second beam side formwork are better laid on both sides of the beam bottom formwork to ensure the first beam side formwork.
  • the second beam side formwork is in close contact with the beam bottom formwork. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the beam bottom formwork and the beam side formwork are not limited to the steps and positioning grooves.
  • two sides of the beam bottom formwork are respectively provided with a first boss and a second boss.
  • the beam side formwork is provided with a first clamping groove
  • the second beam side formwork is provided with a second clamping groove.
  • the first projection is located in the first clamping groove
  • the second projection is located in the second clamping groove.
  • the extension direction of the first boss and the second boss are both parallel to the extension direction of the beam bottom template.
  • the cross sections of the first boss and the second boss are rectangular or semicircular, so that both the first beam side formwork and the second beam side formwork are tightly connected to the beam bottom formwork.
  • step S107B of laying the first beam side formwork on one side of the beam bottom formwork includes:
  • S107B2 are connected to the first beam-side formwork and the support base plate respectively through a first corner code 50, wherein one side of the first corner code abuts the first beam-side formwork and the other side is in contact with the first beam-side formwork.
  • the abutment of the support floor ensures the verticality of the first beam side formwork and the support floor. Since the beam bottom formwork is laid on the support floor, the first beam side formwork is vertically arranged on the beam bottom formwork.
  • the first beam-side formwork includes a plurality of first beam-side formwork units 44a, and the number of the support base plate, the first corner code, the support rod, and the support top are multiple.
  • a plurality of support rods are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of support brackets.
  • Two adjacent support base plates are respectively installed on both sides of one support bracket.
  • Two adjacent first beam-side formwork units pass one of the first corner codes. Connected to the corresponding support floor.
  • the first corner code is fixed to the corresponding support base plate through the second pin 60, so that the first corner code and the support base plate are connected together.
  • a first mounting hole 52 is provided on the first corner code
  • a second mounting hole 33 is provided on the support base plate.
  • the second pin is respectively penetrated in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to make the first corner
  • the code and support base are firmly connected.
  • the number of the second mounting holes is at least two, and the two second mounting holes are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first beam side formwork. The distance between two adjacent second mounting holes is based on the size of the concrete beam. Set up so that the support floor can adapt to the construction of concrete beams of different sizes.
  • two adjacent support bottom plates and a support top bracket are fixed together by a first pin, so that two adjacent support bottom plates are respectively installed on both sides of the support top bracket.
  • the step of fixing the support base plate to the support top plate by a first pin is specifically: fixing the support base plate and two adjacent supports located on both sides of the support base plate by the first pin. The bottom plates are connected together.
  • step S107C of laying the second beam side formwork on the other side of the beam bottom formwork includes:
  • the second beam-side formwork includes a plurality of second beam-side formwork units 46a, and the plurality of second beam-side formwork units correspond to the plurality of first-side formwork units one-to-one.
  • the number of the support base plate and the second corner code are multiple.
  • Two adjacent support base plates are respectively installed on both sides of the support top bracket, and two adjacent second beam-side formwork units are connected to the corresponding support base plate through one of the second corner codes.
  • the second corner code is fixed to the corresponding support base plate through the third pin 80, so that the second corner code and the support base plate are connected together.
  • a third mounting hole 72 is provided on the second corner code
  • a fourth mounting hole 34 is provided on the support base plate.
  • the third pin is respectively inserted in the third mounting hole and the fourth mounting hole, so that the second corner
  • the code and support base are firmly connected.
  • the number of the fourth mounting holes is at least two, and the two fourth mounting holes are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second beam side formwork. The distance between two adjacent fourth mounting holes is based on the size of the concrete beam. Set up so that the support floor can adapt to the construction of concrete beams of different sizes.
  • a reinforcing cage is placed in the pouring cavity.
  • the reinforcing cage is hoisted into the pouring cavity after other bindings are formed.
  • the step of placing a reinforcing cage in the pouring cavity may also be replaced by: tying the reinforcing bars in the pouring cavity, that is, the reinforcing cage is bound in the pouring cavity.
  • the concrete is poured into the pouring cavity, so that the concrete wraps the steel cage and is formed in the pouring cavity, so that the formed concrete beam has better strength and toughness.
  • step S113 of removing the supporting system is specifically: removing the supporting rod, the supporting top bracket and the supporting bottom plate.
  • the above-mentioned concrete beam and its construction method are firstly set up a support system; then, a beam formwork is laid on the support system, the beam formwork is formed with a pouring cavity; then a reinforcing cage is placed in the pouring cavity; and then the concrete is poured into the pouring cavity.
  • the concrete is wrapped with a reinforced cage and formed in the pouring cavity, so that the formed concrete beam has better strength and toughness; after the curing of the concrete beam is completed, the support system is removed without removing the beam formwork, because the beam formwork is a concrete formwork
  • the combination of the beam formwork and the formed concrete is good, not easy to deform, and has the advantages of flexible combination, which solves the deformability of the wood formwork; because the beam formwork is not easy to deform and does not need to be disassembled, the concrete beam after construction is made There is no need for plastering and leveling, and a large amount of construction waste will not be generated. At the same time, the time for demolishing is saved, and the construction period of the project is greatly shortened.

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Abstract

一种混凝土梁的建造方法，包括：搭设支撑体系（100）；将梁模板铺设于支撑体系（100）上，其中，梁模板形成有浇筑腔（41），梁模板为混凝土模板；于浇筑腔内（41）放置钢筋笼或绑扎钢筋；将混凝土浇筑于浇筑腔（41）内，使混凝土包裹钢筋笼并成型于浇筑腔内（41）；以及拆除支撑体系（100）。同时提供一种混凝土梁。该建造方法省去了模板的拆卸时间，缩短了建造时间。

Description

混凝土梁及其建造方法 技术领域
本申请涉及混凝土梁的建筑的技术领域，特别是涉及混凝土梁及其建造方法。
背景技术
在现浇筑混凝土梁的工程中，采用木模板、组合模板或铝模板等类型的模板围成浇筑腔，使混凝土梁成型于浇筑腔内。待混凝土梁养护完成之后，需要对模板进行拆卸。对于木模板，虽然具有灵活组合的优点，但由于其易变形的特性使其拆卸后需抹灰补平和容易产生大量的建筑垃圾，不利于环境保护。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种混凝土梁及其建造方法。
一种混凝土梁的建造方法，包括：
搭设支撑体系；
将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上，其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔，所述梁模板为混凝土模板；
于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼或绑扎钢筋；
将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内；以及
拆除所述支撑体系。
一种混凝土梁，采用以下建造方法进行建造，所述建造方法包括：
搭设支撑体系；
将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上，其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔，所述梁模板为混凝土模板；
于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼；
将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内；以及
拆除所述支撑体系。
本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为一实施例的混凝土梁的建造方法的流程图；
图2为混凝土梁的建造示意图；
图3为图2所示混凝土梁的局部建造示意图；
图4为混凝土梁的另一建造示意图；
图5为图1所示混凝土梁的建造方法的步骤S101的流程图；
图6为图1所示混凝土梁的建造方法的步骤S107的流程图；
图7为图6所示混凝土梁的建造方法的步骤S107B的流程图；
图8为图6所示混凝土梁的建造方法的步骤S107C的流程图；
图9为另一实施例的混凝土梁的建造方法的流程图；
图10为图9所示混凝土梁的建造方法的步骤S201的流程图；
图11为图9所示混凝土梁的建造方法的步骤S207的流程图；
图12为图11所示混凝土梁的建造方法的步骤S207B的流程图；
图13为图11所示混凝土梁的建造方法的步骤S207C的流程图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施例。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
例如，一种混凝土梁的建造方法包括：例如，搭设支撑体系；例如，将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上，其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔，所述梁模板为混凝土模板；例如，于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼或绑扎钢筋；例如，将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包 裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内；例如，拆除所述支撑体系。例如，一种混凝土梁的建造方法包括：搭设支撑体系；将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上，其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔，所述梁模板为混凝土模板；于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼；将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内；以及拆除所述支撑体系。
如图1所示，一实施例的混凝土梁的建造方法包括：
同时参见图2至图4，S101，搭设支撑体系100。
在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑体系100包括支撑杆10、支撑顶托20和支撑底板30。
如图5所示，搭设支撑体系的步骤S101包括：
S101A，搭设支撑杆10。
在本实施例中，支撑杆包括杆体12和由杆体向外延伸而成的支撑座14，支撑座用于与地面或其他目标搭设位置接触。例如，支撑座与杆体一体成型，使支撑杆的结构较紧凑，可以理解，支撑座与杆体也可以各自成型并通过焊接连接于一起。又如，支撑座和杆体的横截面均为圆形，且支撑座的外径大于杆体的外径，使支撑座与地面的接触面积较大。在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑杆的材质为铝材或钢材，使支撑杆具有较好的强度。
S101B，于所述支撑杆上安装支撑顶托20。例如，通过螺钉将支撑杆和支撑顶托连接于一起，使支撑顶托可拆卸连接于支撑杆上，便于分别打包运输，与此同时，可对早拆部位进行提前拆除，缩短免拆模梁的建造时间。可以理解，在其他实施例中，支撑杆和支撑顶托之间不仅限于可拆卸连接，例如，支撑杆和支撑顶托还可以通过焊接的方式连接于一起，实现支撑底板快速安装于支撑顶托上。在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑顶托的材质为铝材或钢材，使支撑顶托具有较好的强度。
S101C，将支撑底板30安装于所述支撑顶托上，使所述支撑底板连接于所述支撑顶托上。将支撑底板安装于支撑顶托上，使支撑底板连接于支撑顶托上，这样支撑底板和支撑顶托共同作为铺设和支撑梁模板的基体。
在其中一个实施例中，将支撑底板安装于所述支撑顶托上的步骤S101C具体为：
通过第一销钉将所述支撑底板固定于所述支撑顶托上，使支撑底板与支撑顶托紧固连接。例如，支撑顶托的顶面与支撑底板的顶面位于同一平面内，以确保后续梁模板的水平性。进一步地，支撑底板上开设有第一连接孔，所述支撑顶托上开设有第二连接孔，所述第一销钉依次穿设于其中一个支撑底板的第一连接孔、第二连接孔和另外一个支撑底板的第一连接孔内，使相邻两个支撑底板和支撑顶托通过销钉固定于一起。又如，所述支撑底板呈弯折状。进一步地，支撑底板的横截面呈L型或U型，使支撑底板更好地连接于支撑顶托上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑底板的材质为金属或塑料，使支撑底板具有较好的强 度。
S107，将梁模板40铺设于所述支撑体系上。其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔41，所述梁模板为混凝土模板。例如，所述梁模板的横截面呈U型状，使浇筑腔呈U型状。在其中一个实施例中，所述梁模板的材料包括纤维混凝土和陶粒混凝土中的至少一种，使梁模板的成本较低且能满足抗弯折变形的性能。
例如，将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上的步骤S107具体为：
将梁模板铺设于所述支撑底板和所述支撑顶托上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述梁模板包括梁底模板42、垂直设置于所述梁底模板上的第一梁侧模板44以及垂直设置于所述梁底模板上的第二梁侧模板46，所述第一梁侧模板与所述第二梁侧模板相互平行。
如图6所示，将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上的步骤S107包括：
S107A，将所述梁底模板铺设于所述支撑底板和所述支撑顶托上。
S107B，将所述第一梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的一边。
S107C，将所述第二梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的另一边。
再次参见图3，例如，梁底模板的两边分别设有第一台阶422和第二台阶424，第一梁侧模板开设有与所述第一台阶相适配的第一定位槽442，第二梁侧模板开设有与所述第二台阶相适配的第二定位槽462，使第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板较好地铺设于梁底模板的两边，保证第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板与梁底模板之间紧密接触。可以理解，在其他实施例中，梁底模板与梁侧模板之间不仅限于台阶和定位槽的配合方式，例如，梁底模板的两边分别设有第一凸台和第二凸台，第一梁侧模板上开设有第一卡槽，第二梁侧模板上开设有第二卡槽，第一凸台位于第一卡槽内，第二凸台位于第二卡槽内。又如，第一凸台和第二凸台的延伸方向均与梁底模板的延伸方向平行。又如，第一凸台和第二凸台的横截面呈矩形状或半圆形状，使第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板均紧密连接于梁底模板上。
如图7所示，在其中一个实施例中，将所述第一梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的一边的步骤S107B包括：
S107B1，将所述第一梁侧模板定位于所述梁底模板的一边；
S107B2，通过第一角码50分别连接于所述第一梁侧模板和所述支撑底板上，其中，所述第一角码的一边与所述第一梁侧模板抵接，另一边与所述支撑底板抵接，保证了第一梁侧模板与支撑底板的垂直性，由于梁底模板铺设于支撑底板上，使第一梁侧模板垂直设置于梁底模板上。
再次参见图2，例如，第一梁侧模板包括多个第一梁侧模板单元44a，所述支撑底板、第一角码、支撑杆和支撑顶托的数目均为多个。多个支撑杆与多个支撑顶托一一对应设置， 相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于一个支撑顶托的两侧，相邻两个第一梁侧模板单元通过一个所述第一角码连接于相应的支撑底板上。又如，通过第二销钉60将第一角码固定于相应的支撑底板上，使第一角码和支撑底板连接于一起。例如，第一角码上开设有第一安装孔52，支撑底板上开设有第二安装孔33，所述第二销钉分别穿设于第一安装孔和第二安装孔内，使第一角码和支撑底板牢固连接。又如，第二安装孔的数目至少两个，两个第二安装孔沿与第一梁侧模板的延伸方向垂直的方向分布，相邻两个第二安装孔的间距根据混凝土梁的尺寸规格进行设置，使支撑底板能够适应不同尺寸规格的混凝土梁的建造。
例如，相邻两个支撑底板和支撑顶托通过第一销钉固定于一起，使相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于支撑顶托的两侧。例如，通过第一销钉将所述支撑底板固定于所述支撑顶托上的步骤具体为：通过所述第一销钉将所述支撑底板和位于所述支撑底板两侧的两个相邻的支撑底板连接于一起。
如图8所示，在其中一个实施例中，将所述第二梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的另一边的步骤S107C包括：
S107C1，将所述第二梁侧模板定位于所述梁底模板的另一边。
同时参见图3，S107C2，通过第二角码70分别连接于所述第二梁侧模板和所述支撑底板上。其中，所述第二角码的一边与所述第二梁侧模板抵接，另一边与所述支撑底板抵接，保证了第二梁侧模板与支撑底板的垂直性，由于梁底模板铺设于支撑底板上，使第二梁侧模板垂直设置于梁底模板上。
例如，第二梁侧模板包括多个第二梁侧模板单元46a，多个第二梁侧模板单元与多个第一梁侧模板单元一一对应。所述支撑底板和第二角码的数目均为多个。相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于支撑顶托的两侧，相邻两个第二梁侧模板单元通过一个所述第二角码连接于相应的支撑底板上。又如，通过第三销钉80将第二角码固定于相应的支撑底板上，使第二角码和支撑底板连接于一起。例如，第二角码上开设有第三安装孔72，支撑底板上开设有第四安装孔34，所述第三销钉分别穿设于第三安装孔和第四安装孔内，使第二角码和支撑底板牢固连接。又如，第四安装孔的数目至少两个，两个第四安装孔沿与第二梁侧模板的延伸方向垂直的方向分布，相邻两个第四安装孔的间距根据混凝土梁的尺寸规格进行设置，使支撑底板能够适应不同尺寸规格的混凝土梁的建造。
S109，于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼。
在本实施例中，钢筋笼为在其他绑扎成型后吊装至浇筑腔内。
S111，将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内，从而使成型后的混凝土梁均有较好的强度和韧性。
S113，拆除所述支撑体系。
例如，拆除所述支撑体系的步骤S113具体为：拆除所述支撑杆、所述支撑顶托和所述支撑底板。在本实施例中，可以先拆除支撑体系中的支撑底板，最后再拆除支撑杆和支撑顶托。
另一实施例的混凝土梁的建造方法还包括步骤：于所述浇筑腔内绑扎钢筋。在其中一个实施例中，所述于所述浇筑腔内绑扎钢筋，执行于所述将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上之后，以及所述将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内之前。
如图9所示，在其中一个实施例中，混凝土梁的建造方法包括：
S201，搭设支撑体系。
同时参见图10，例如，搭设支撑体系的步骤S201包括：
S201A，搭设支撑杆。
在本实施例中，支撑杆包括杆体和由杆体向外延伸而成的支撑座，支撑座用于与地面或其他目标搭设位置接触。例如，支撑座与杆体一体成型，使支撑杆的结构较紧凑，可以理解，支撑座与杆体也可以各自成型并通过焊接连接于一起。又如，支撑座和杆体的横截面均为圆形，且支撑座的外径大于杆体的外径，使支撑座与地面的接触面积较大。在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑杆的材质为铝材或钢材，使支撑杆具有较好的强度。
S201B，于所述支撑杆上安装支撑顶托。例如，通过螺钉将支撑杆和支撑顶托连接于一起，使支撑顶托可拆卸连接于支撑杆上，便于分别打包运输，与此同时，可对早拆部位进行提前拆除，缩短免拆模梁的建造时间。可以理解，在其他实施例中，支撑杆和支撑顶托之间不仅限于可拆卸连接，例如，支撑杆和支撑顶托还可以通过焊接的方式连接于一起，实现支撑底板快速安装于支撑顶托上。在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑顶托的材质为铝材或钢材，使支撑顶托具有较好的强度。
S201C，将支撑底板安装于所述支撑顶托上，使所述支撑底板连接于所述支撑顶托上。将支撑底板安装于支撑顶托上，使支撑底板连接于支撑顶托上，这样支撑底板和支撑顶托共同作为铺设和支撑梁模板的基体。
在其中一个实施例中，将支撑底板安装于所述支撑顶托上的步骤S201C具体为：
通过第一销钉将所述支撑底板固定于所述支撑顶托上，使支撑底板与支撑顶托紧固连接。例如，支撑顶托的顶面与支撑底板的顶面位于同一平面内，以确保后续梁模板的水平性。进一步地，支撑底板上开设有第一连接孔，所述支撑顶托上开设有第二连接孔，所述第一销钉依次穿设于其中一个支撑底板的第一连接孔、第二连接孔和另外一个支撑底板的第一连接孔内，使相邻两个支撑底板和支撑顶托通过销钉固定于一起。又如，所述支撑底板呈弯折状。进一步地，支撑底板的横截面呈L型或U型，使支撑底板更好地连接于支撑顶托上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑底板的材质为金属或塑料，使支撑底板具有较好的强度。
S207，将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上。其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔，所述梁模板为混凝土模板。例如，所述梁模板的横截面呈U型状，使浇筑腔呈U型状。在其中一个实施例中，所述梁模板的材料包括纤维混凝土和陶粒混凝土中的至少一种，使梁模板的成本较低且能满足抗弯折变形的性能。
在其中一个实施例中，所述梁模板包括梁底模板、垂直设置于所述梁底模板上的第一梁侧模板以及垂直设置于所述梁底模板上的第二梁侧模板，所述第一梁侧模板与所述第二梁侧模板相互平行。
如图11所示，将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上的步骤S207包括：
S207A，将所述梁底模板铺设于所述支撑底板和所述支撑顶托上。
S207B，将所述第一梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的一边。
S207C，将所述第二梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的另一边。
例如，梁底模板的两边分别设有第一台阶和第二台阶，第一梁侧模板开设有与所述第一台阶相适配的第一定位槽，第二梁侧模板开设有与所述第二台阶相适配的第二定位槽，使第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板较好地铺设于梁底模板的两边，保证第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板与梁底模板之间紧密接触。可以理解，在其他实施例中，梁底模板与梁侧模板之间不仅限于台阶和定位槽的配合方式，例如，梁底模板的两边分别设有第一凸台和第二凸台，第一梁侧模板上开设有第一卡槽，第二梁侧模板上开设有第二卡槽，第一凸台位于第一卡槽内，第二凸台位于第二卡槽内。又如，第一凸台和第二凸台的延伸方向均与梁底模板的延伸方向平行。又如，第一凸台和第二凸台的横截面呈矩形状或半圆形状，使第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板均紧密连接于梁底模板上。
如图12所示，在其中一个实施例中，将所述第一梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的一边的步骤S207B包括：
S207B1，将所述第一梁侧模板定位于所述梁底模板的一边；
S207B2，通过第一角码分别连接于所述第一梁侧模板和所述支撑底板上，其中，所述第一角码的一边与所述第一梁侧模板抵接，另一边与所述支撑底板抵接，保证了第一梁侧模板与支撑底板的垂直性，由于梁底模板铺设于支撑底板上，使第一梁侧模板垂直设置于梁底模板上。
例如，第一梁侧模板包括多个第一梁侧模板单元，所述支撑底板、第一角码、支撑杆和支撑顶托的数目均为多个。多个支撑杆与多个支撑顶托一一对应设置，相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于一个支撑顶托的两侧，相邻两个第一梁侧模板单元通过一个所述第一角码连 接于相应的支撑底板上。又如，通过第二销钉将第一角码固定于相应的支撑底板上，使第一角码和支撑底板连接于一起。例如，第一角码上开设有第一安装孔，支撑底板上开设有第二安装孔，所述第二销钉分别穿设于第一安装孔和第二安装孔内，使第一角码和支撑底板牢固连接。又如，第二安装孔的数目至少两个，两个第二安装孔沿与第一梁侧模板的延伸方向垂直的方向分布，相邻两个第二安装孔的间距根据混凝土梁的尺寸规格进行设置，使支撑底板能够适应不同尺寸规格的混凝土梁的建造。
例如，相邻两个支撑底板和支撑顶托通过第一销钉固定于一起，使相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于支撑顶托的两侧。例如，通过第一销钉将所述支撑底板固定于所述支撑顶托上的步骤具体为：通过所述第一销钉将所述支撑底板和位于所述支撑底板两侧的两个相邻的支撑底板连接于一起。
如图13所示，在其中一个实施例中，将所述第二梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的另一边的步骤S207C包括：
S207C1，将所述第二梁侧模板定位于所述梁底模板的另一边。
S207C2，通过第二角码分别连接于所述第二梁侧模板和所述支撑底板上。其中，所述第二角码的一边与所述第二梁侧模板抵接，另一边与所述支撑底板抵接，保证了第二梁侧模板与支撑底板的垂直性，由于梁底模板铺设于支撑底板上，使第二梁侧模板垂直设置于梁底模板上。
例如，第二梁侧模板包括多个第二梁侧模板单元，多个第二梁侧模板单元与多个第一两侧模板单元一一对应。所述支撑底板和第二角码的数目均为多个。相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于支撑顶托的两侧，相邻两个第二梁侧模板单元通过一个所述第二角码连接于相应的支撑底板上。又如，通过第三销钉将第二角码固定于相应的支撑底板上，使第二角码和支撑底板连接于一起。例如，第二角码上开设有第三安装孔，支撑底板上开设有第四安装孔，所述第三销钉分别穿设于第三安装孔和第四安装孔内，使第二角码和支撑底板牢固连接。又如，第四安装孔的数目至少两个，两个第四安装孔沿与第二梁侧模板的延伸方向垂直的方向分布，相邻两个第四安装孔的间距根据混凝土梁的尺寸规格进行设置，使支撑底板能够适应不同尺寸规格的混凝土梁的建造。
S209，于所述浇筑腔内绑扎钢筋，以形成钢筋笼。
在本实施例中，钢筋笼在浇筑腔内绑扎而成。
S211，将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内，从而使成型后的混凝土梁均有较好的强度和韧性。
S213，拆除所述支撑体系。
本申请还提供一种混凝土梁采用以下建造方法进行建造。建造方法包括：
同时参见图2至图4，S101，搭设支撑体系。
在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑体系100包括支撑杆10、支撑顶托20和支撑底板30。搭设支撑体系的步骤S101包括：
S101A，搭设支撑杆10。
在本实施例中，支撑杆包括杆体12和由杆体向外延伸而成的支撑座14，支撑座用于与地面或其他目标搭设位置接触。例如，支撑座与杆体一体成型，使支撑杆的结构较紧凑，可以理解，支撑座与杆体也可以各自成型并通过焊接连接于一起。又如，支撑座和杆体的横截面均为圆形，且支撑座的外径大于杆体的外径，使支撑座与地面的接触面积较大。在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑杆的材质为铝材或钢材，使支撑杆具有较好的强度。
S101B，于所述支撑杆上安装支撑顶托20。例如，通过螺钉将支撑杆和支撑顶托连接于一起，使支撑顶托可拆卸连接于支撑杆上，便于分别打包运输。可以理解，在其他实施例中，支撑杆和支撑顶托之间不仅限于可拆卸连接，例如，支撑杆和支撑顶托还可以通过焊接的方式连接于一起，实现支撑底板快速安装于支撑顶托上。在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑顶托的材质为铝材或钢材，使支撑顶托具有较好的强度。
S101C，将支撑底板30安装于所述支撑顶托上，使所述支撑底板连接于所述支撑顶托上。将支撑底板安装于支撑顶托上，使支撑底板连接于支撑顶托上，这样支撑底板和支撑顶托共同作为铺设和支撑梁模板的基体。
在其中一个实施例中，将支撑底板安装于所述支撑顶托上的步骤S101C具体为：
通过第一销钉将所述支撑底板固定于所述支撑顶托上，使支撑底板与支撑顶托紧固连接。例如，支撑顶托的顶面与支撑底板的顶面位于同一平面内，以确保后续梁模板的水平性。进一步地，支撑底板上开设有第一连接孔，所述支撑顶托上开设有第二连接孔，所述第一销钉依次穿设于其中一个支撑底板的第一连接孔、第二连接孔和另外一个支撑底板的第一连接孔内，使相邻两个支撑底板和支撑顶托通过销钉固定于一起。又如，所述支撑底板呈弯折状。进一步地，支撑底板的横截面呈L型或U型，使支撑底板更好地连接于支撑顶托上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述支撑底板的材质为金属或塑料，使支撑底板具有较好的强度。
S107，将梁模板40铺设于所述支撑体系上。其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔41，所述梁模板为混凝土模板。例如，所述梁模板的横截面呈U型状，使浇筑腔呈U型状。在其中一个实施例中，所述梁模板的材料包括纤维混凝土和陶粒混凝土中的至少一种，使梁模板的成本较低且能满足抗弯折变形的性能。
例如，将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上的步骤S107具体为：
将梁模板铺设于所述支撑底板和所述支撑顶托上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述梁模板包括梁底模板42、垂直设置于所述梁底模板上的第一梁侧模板44以及垂直设置于所述梁底模板上的第二梁侧模板46，所述第一梁侧模板与所述第二梁侧模板相互平行。
如图5所示，将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上的步骤S107包括：
S107A，将所述梁底模板铺设于所述支撑底板和所述支撑顶托上。
S107B，将所述第一梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的一边。
S107C，将所述第二梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的另一边。
再次参见图5，例如，梁底模板的两边分别设有第一台阶422和第二台阶424，第一梁侧模板开设有与所述第一台阶相适配的第一定位槽442，第二梁侧模板开设有与所述第二台阶相适配的第二定位槽462，使第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板较好地铺设于梁底模板的两边，保证第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板与梁底模板之间紧密接触。可以理解，在其他实施例中，梁底模板与梁侧模板之间不仅限于台阶和定位槽的配合方式，例如，梁底模板的两边分别设有第一凸台和第二凸台，第一梁侧模板上开设有第一卡槽，第二梁侧模板上开设有第二卡槽，第一凸台位于第一卡槽内，第二凸台位于第二卡槽内。又如，第一凸台和第二凸台的延伸方向均与梁底模板的延伸方向平行。又如，第一凸台和第二凸台的横截面呈矩形状或半圆形状，使第一梁侧模板和第二梁侧模板均紧密连接于梁底模板上。
如图6所示，在其中一个实施例中，将所述第一梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的一边的步骤S107B包括：
S107B1，将所述第一梁侧模板定位于所述梁底模板的一边；
S107B2，通过第一角码50分别连接于所述第一梁侧模板和所述支撑底板上，其中，所述第一角码的一边与所述第一梁侧模板抵接，另一边与所述支撑底板抵接，保证了第一梁侧模板与支撑底板的垂直性，由于梁底模板铺设于支撑底板上，使第一梁侧模板垂直设置于梁底模板上。
再次参见图2，例如，第一梁侧模板包括多个第一梁侧模板单元44a，所述支撑底板、第一角码、支撑杆和支撑顶托的数目均为多个。多个支撑杆与多个支撑顶托一一对应设置，相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于一个支撑顶托的两侧，相邻两个第一梁侧模板单元通过一个所述第一角码连接于相应的支撑底板上。又如，通过第二销钉60将第一角码固定于相应的支撑底板上，使第一角码和支撑底板连接于一起。例如，第一角码上开设有第一安装孔52，支撑底板上开设有第二安装孔33，所述第二销钉分别穿设于第一安装孔和第二安装孔内，使第一角码和支撑底板牢固连接。又如，第二安装孔的数目至少两个，两个第二安装孔沿与第一梁侧模板的延伸方向垂直的方向分布，相邻两个第二安装孔的间距根据混凝 土梁的尺寸规格进行设置，使支撑底板能够适应不同尺寸规格的混凝土梁的建造。
例如，相邻两个支撑底板和支撑顶托通过第一销钉固定于一起，使相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于支撑顶托的两侧。例如，通过第一销钉将所述支撑底板固定于所述支撑顶托上的步骤具体为：通过所述第一销钉将所述支撑底板和位于所述支撑底板两侧的两个相邻的支撑底板连接于一起。
如图7所示，在其中一个实施例中，将所述第二梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的另一边的步骤S107C包括：
S107C1，将所述第二梁侧模板定位于所述梁底模板的另一边。
同时参见图3，S107C2，通过第二角码70分别连接于所述第二梁侧模板和所述支撑底板上。其中，所述第二角码的一边与所述第二梁侧模板抵接，另一边与所述支撑底板抵接，保证了第二梁侧模板与支撑底板的垂直性，由于梁底模板铺设于支撑底板上，使第二梁侧模板垂直设置于梁底模板上。
例如，第二梁侧模板包括多个第二梁侧模板单元46a，多个第二梁侧模板单元与多个第一两侧模板单元一一对应。所述支撑底板和第二角码的数目均为多个。相邻两个支撑底板分别安装于支撑顶托的两侧，相邻两个第二梁侧模板单元通过一个所述第二角码连接于相应的支撑底板上。又如，通过第三销钉80将第二角码固定于相应的支撑底板上，使第二角码和支撑底板连接于一起。例如，第二角码上开设有第三安装孔72，支撑底板上开设有第四安装孔34，所述第三销钉分别穿设于第三安装孔和第四安装孔内，使第二角码和支撑底板牢固连接。又如，第四安装孔的数目至少两个，两个第四安装孔沿与第二梁侧模板的延伸方向垂直的方向分布，相邻两个第四安装孔的间距根据混凝土梁的尺寸规格进行设置，使支撑底板能够适应不同尺寸规格的混凝土梁的建造。
S109，于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼。
在本实施例中，钢筋笼为在其他绑扎成型后吊装至浇筑腔内。在其他实施例中，于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼的步骤也可以替换为：于所述浇筑腔内绑扎钢筋，即钢筋笼在浇筑腔内绑扎而成。
S111，将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内，从而使成型后的混凝土梁均有较好的强度和韧性。
S113，拆除所述支撑体系。
例如，拆除所述支撑体系的步骤S113具体为：拆除所述支撑杆、所述支撑顶托和所述支撑底板。
上述的混凝土梁及其建造方法，首先搭设支撑体系；然后，将梁模板铺设于支撑体系上，梁模板形成有浇筑腔；然后于浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼；然后将混凝土浇筑于浇筑腔内， 使混凝土包裹钢筋笼并成型于浇筑腔内，从而使成型后的混凝土梁均有较好的强度和韧性；待混凝土梁养护完成之后拆除支撑体系，而无需拆除梁模板，由于梁模板为混凝土模板，使梁模板与成型之后的混凝土的结合性较好、不易变形以及具有灵活组合的优点，解决了木模板的易变形的特性；由于梁模板不易变形也不需拆卸，使建造后的混凝土梁无需抹灰补平，也不会产生大量的建筑垃圾，同时节省了拆模的时间，大大缩短了工程的建设工期。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种混凝土梁的建造方法，包括：
    搭设支撑体系；
    将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上，其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔，所述梁模板为混凝土模板；
    于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼或绑扎钢筋；
    将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内；以及
    拆除所述支撑体系。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，所述支撑体系包括支撑杆、支撑顶托和支撑底板；搭设支撑体系的步骤包括：
    搭设支撑杆；
    于所述支撑杆上安装支撑顶托；
    将支撑底板安装于所述支撑顶托上，使所述支撑底板连接于所述支撑顶托上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，将支撑底板安装于所述支撑顶托上的步骤具体为：
    通过第一销钉将所述支撑底板固定于所述支撑顶托上。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，所述梁模板包括梁底模板、垂直设置于所述梁底模板上的第一梁侧模板以及垂直设置于所述梁底模板上的第二梁侧模板，所述第一梁侧模板与所述第二梁侧模板相互平行；将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上的步骤包括：
    将所述梁底模板铺设于所述支撑底板和所述支撑顶托上；
    将所述第一梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的一边；
    将所述第二梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的另一边。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，将所述第一梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的一边的步骤包括：
    将所述第一梁侧模板定位于所述梁底模板的一边；
    通过第一角码分别连接于所述第一梁侧模板和所述支撑底板上，其中，所述第一角码的一边与所述第一梁侧模板抵接，另一边与所述支撑底板抵接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，将所述第二梁侧模板铺设于所述梁底模板的另一边的步骤包括：
    将所述第二梁侧模板定位于所述梁底模板的另一边；
    通过第二角码分别连接于所述第二梁侧模板和所述支撑底板上，其中，所述第二角码的一边与所述第二梁侧模板抵接，另一边与所述支撑底板抵接。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，所述支撑杆的材质为铝材或钢材。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，所述支撑顶托的材质为铝材或钢材。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，所述支撑底板的材质为金属或塑料。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，所述梁模板的材料包括纤维混凝土和陶粒混凝土中的至少一种。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，还包括步骤：于所述浇筑腔内绑扎钢筋。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的混凝土梁的建造方法，其特征在于，所述于所述浇筑腔内绑扎钢筋，执行于所述将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上之后，以及所述将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内之前。
  13. 一种混凝土梁，采用以下建造方法进行建造，所述建造方法包括：
    搭设支撑体系；
    将梁模板铺设于所述支撑体系上，其中，所述梁模板形成有浇筑腔，所述梁模板为混凝土模板；
    于所述浇筑腔内放置钢筋笼；
    将混凝土浇筑于所述浇筑腔内，使混凝土包裹所述钢筋笼并成型于所述浇筑腔内；以及
    拆除所述支撑体系。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的混凝土梁，其特征在于，所述支撑体系包括支撑杆、支撑顶托和支撑底板；搭设支撑体系的步骤包括：
    搭设支撑杆；
    于所述支撑杆上安装支撑顶托；
    将支撑底板安装于所述支撑顶托上，使所述支撑底板连接于所述支撑顶托上。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的混凝土梁，其特征在于，将支撑底板安装于所述支撑顶托上的步骤具体为：
    通过第一销钉将所述支撑底板固定于所述支撑顶托上。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的混凝土梁，其特征在于，所述梁模板包括梁底模板、垂
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63125758A (ja) * 1986-11-14 1988-05-28 川崎製鉄株式会社 トラス構造体
CN105952146A (zh) * 2016-06-06 2016-09-21 富于安（福建）环保模板有限公司 早拆施工方法
CN106013455A (zh) * 2016-06-24 2016-10-12 东南大学 一种预制组合钢筋笼构件及其配筋装配方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63125758A (ja) * 1986-11-14 1988-05-28 川崎製鉄株式会社 トラス構造体
CN105952146A (zh) * 2016-06-06 2016-09-21 富于安（福建）环保模板有限公司 早拆施工方法
CN106013455A (zh) * 2016-06-24 2016-10-12 东南大学 一种预制组合钢筋笼构件及其配筋装配方法

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