WO2019220007A1 - Rotor de machine à aimants permanents - Google Patents

Rotor de machine à aimants permanents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019220007A1
WO2019220007A1 PCT/FI2019/050364 FI2019050364W WO2019220007A1 WO 2019220007 A1 WO2019220007 A1 WO 2019220007A1 FI 2019050364 W FI2019050364 W FI 2019050364W WO 2019220007 A1 WO2019220007 A1 WO 2019220007A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
elements
rotor
grooves
magnet elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2019/050364
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Scott Semken
Original Assignee
Lappeenrannan-Lahden Teknillinen Yliopisto Lut
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lappeenrannan-Lahden Teknillinen Yliopisto Lut filed Critical Lappeenrannan-Lahden Teknillinen Yliopisto Lut
Publication of WO2019220007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019220007A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • H02K15/03—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates generally to rotating electric machines. More particularly, the disclosure relates to a rotor of a permanent magnet machine. Furthermore, the disclosure relates to a permanent magnet machine.
  • Rotating electric machines such as motors and generators, generally comprise a stator and a rotor which are arranged so that a magnetic flux is developed between these two.
  • the rotor is provided with permanent magnets whereas the stator is provided with stator windings, e.g. a three-phase winding.
  • stator windings e.g. a three-phase winding.
  • the permanent magnets of the rotor and electrical currents in the stator windings cause a magnetic flux to flow across the airgap between the rotor and the stator.
  • Torque is produced by the magnetic flux and an active component of the electrical currents of the stator windings.
  • a rotor of a permanent magnet machine comprises typically a ferromagnetic core structure, a shaft, and permanent magnet elements arranged to produce magnetic fluxes to form magnetic poles of the rotor.
  • the electro- magnetic characteristics of the rotor should be such that it can provide desired performance with sufficiently low losses
  • the mechanical characteristics of the rotor should be such that the mechanical structures of the rotor can withstand the ensued mechanical stresses
  • the thermal characteristics of the rotor should be such that the heat caused by the losses can be removed from the rotor.
  • the high price of permanent magnet materials causes a need to minimize the amount of permanent magnet material used in the rotor.
  • a rotor of a permanent magnet machine may have buried permanent magnet elements which are placed in cavities of a ferromagnetic core structure so that the ferromagnetic core structure surrounds the permanent magnet elements.
  • An advantage of a rotor having buried permanent magnet elements is that the permanent magnet elements are reliably supported by the ferromagnetic core structure.
  • a challenge related to a rotor having buried permanent magnet elements is that the ferromagnetic core structure surrounding the permanent magnet elements provides ferromagnetic paths for leakage fluxes and thus a part of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets is wasted.
  • a rotor of a permanent magnet machine may have surface mounted permanent magnet elements which are placed on the outer surface of a ferromagnetic core structure.
  • Permanent magnet elements are often attached to the outer surface of a ferromagnetic core structure using epoxy or cyanoacrylate adhesive. This approach has its challenges especially in cases where there are many permanent magnet elements adjacent to each other, i.e. segmented permanent magnets, and/or where surfaces of the ferromagnetic core structure on which the permanent magnet elements are attached are formed by a stack of ferromagnetic steel sheets so that the surfaces are perpendicular to the ferromagnetic steel sheets.
  • the word“geometric” when used as a prefix means a geometric concept that is not necessarily a part of any physical object.
  • the geometric concept can be for example a geometric point, a straight or curved geometric line, a geometric plane, a non-planar geometric surface, a geometric space, or any other geometric entity that is zero, one, two, or three dimensional.
  • a rotor for a permanent magnet machine comprises: a rotor core structure, and - permanent magnet elements placed on support surfaces of the rotor core structure, the support surfaces belonging to the outer surface of the rotor core structure.
  • the rotor core structure comprises protrusions between adjacent ones of the support surfaces so that the permanent magnet elements are between the protrusions and mechanically supported by the protrusions in a circumferential direction, i.e. in a direction of movement when the rotor is rotating.
  • the protrusions have grooves on surfaces facing towards the permanent magnet elements, and the permanent magnet elements have grooves on surfaces substantially perpendicular to the support surfaces.
  • the rotor comprises locking elements located partially in the grooves of the protrusions and partially in the grooves of the permanent magnet elements so that the locking elements are arranged to lock the permanent magnet elements to the rotor core structure.
  • the above-mentioned locking elements and the respective grooves in the permanent magnet elements and in the protrusions of the rotor core structure enable the permanent magnet elements to be surface mounted permanent magnet elements that are shape-locked to the rotor core structure.
  • the grooves of the permanent magnet elements are perpendicular to the grooves of the protrusions
  • the locking elements comprise elongated bars which are partially located in the grooves of the permanent magnet elements and whose ends are in the grooves of the protrusions.
  • a permanent magnet machine according to the invention comprises:
  • stator windings e.g. a three-phase winding
  • rotor windings e.g. a three-phase winding
  • figures 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d, and 1 e illustrate details of a rotor according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment
  • figure 2 illustrates a rotor according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment
  • figure 3 illustrates a permanent magnet machine according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment.
  • FIGS 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, and 1 d illustrate details of a rotor according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment.
  • the rotor comprises a rotor core structure 101 .
  • the rotor core structure 101 comprises laminated elements composed of ferromagnetic steel sheets that are electrically insulated from each other and stacked on each other in the axial direction of the rotor.
  • the axial direction is parallel with the z-axis of a coordinate system 199 shown in figures 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, and 1 d.
  • the rotor core structure 101 comprises also non-laminated elements made of e.g. solid steel or aluminum.
  • the rotor comprises permanent magnet elements placed on support surfaces of the rotor core structure 101 , where the support surfaces belong to the outer surface of the rotor core structure 101 .
  • one of the support surfaces is denoted with a reference 1 14.
  • the support surfaces are partially formed by the stacked ferromagnetic steel sheets so that the support surfaces are perpendicular to the ferromagnetic steel sheets.
  • two of the permanent magnet elements are denoted with references 102 and 103.
  • permanent magnet elements to be placed on the support surface 1 14 are not shown in figure 1 a.
  • the permanent magnet elements have substantially a cuboid shape and the support surfaces of the rotor core structure 101 are planar. It is however also possible to use permanent magnet elements having curved shapes.
  • the rotor core structure 101 comprises protrusions between adjacent ones of the support surfaces so that the permanent magnet elements are between the protrusions and mechanically supported by the protrusions in the circumferential direction, i.e. in a direction of movement when the rotor is rotating.
  • the protrusions shown in figure 1 a are denoted with references 104, 105, and 106.
  • the protrusions have grooves on surfaces facing towards the permanent magnet elements.
  • a groove of the protrusion 104 is denoted with a reference 107.
  • the permanent magnet elements have grooves on surfaces substantially perpendicular to the support surfaces of the rotor core structure 101 .
  • a groove of the permanent magnet element 102 is denoted with a reference 108.
  • the rotor comprises locking elements located partially in the grooves of the protrusions and partially in the grooves of the permanent magnet elements so that the locking elements are arranged to lock the permanent magnet elements to the rotor core structure 101 .
  • One of the locking elements is denoted with a reference 109 in figure 1 a.
  • Figure 1 c illustrates how a locking element 129 is connected to a groove 127 of the protrusion 105. For the sake of illustration, the permanent magnet elements are not shown in figure 1 c.
  • the rotor comprises thermal paste between the permanent magnet elements and the support surfaces of the rotor core structure 101 .
  • the thermal paste is denoted with a reference 1 17.
  • the grooves of the permanent magnet elements are perpendicular to the grooves of the protrusions.
  • the locking elements comprise elongated bars which are partially located in the grooves of the permanent magnet elements and whose ends are in the grooves of the protrusions.
  • the elongated bar of the locking element 109 is denoted with a reference 1 10 in figure 1 a
  • the elongated bar of the locking element 129 is denoted with a reference 130 in figure 1 c.
  • the rotor core structure 101 comprises end-plates that have cavities containing parts of outermost ones of the locking elements that are partially in the grooves of the permanent magnet elements adjacent to the end-plates.
  • one of the end-plates is denoted with a reference 1 1 1 .
  • the other end-plate is not shown.
  • One of the cavities of the end-plate 1 1 1 is denoted with a reference 1 12 in figure 1 a, and another one of the cavities of the end-plate 1 1 1 is denoted with a reference 132 in figure 1 c.
  • the locking elements shown in figures 1 a and 1 c are examples of the above-mentioned outermost locking elements.
  • the locking element 109 shown in figure 1 a comprises locking pins that are substantially perpendicular to the elongated bar 1 10.
  • One of the locking pins of the locking element 109 is denoted with a reference 1 13.
  • the locking element 129 shown in figure 1 c comprises locking pins that are substantially perpendicular to the elongated bar 130.
  • One of the locking pins of the locking element 129 is denoted with a reference 133. As illustrated by the section view shown in figure 1 c, the locking pins protrude into the cavities of the end-plate 1 1 1 .
  • the outermost locking elements that are partially in the grooves of the permanent magnet elements adjacent to the end-plates are supported not only by the protrusions of the rotor core structure 101 but also by the end-plates.
  • the above-mentioned cavities of the end-plates are through- holes of the end-plates.
  • the permanent magnet elements are arranged to form arrays of permanent magnet elements between adjacent protrusions of the rotor core structure 101 .
  • the exemplifying rotor illustrated in figures 1 a-1d comprises segmented permanent magnets. It is however also possible that there is a single piece of permanent magnet material between adjacent protrusions of the rotor core structure 101 .
  • the array of permanent magnet elements that is between the protrusions 105 and 106 of the rotor core structure 101 is denoted with a reference 1 15.
  • the array of permanent magnet elements 1 15 and the respective locking elements are shown separately in figure 1 d.
  • the permanent magnet elements comprise grooves so that the grooves of adjacent permanent magnet elements constitute tubular channels containing those of the locking elements that are located between the permanent magnet elements.
  • one of the locking elements between adjacent permanent magnet elements is denoted with a reference 1 18.
  • These locking elements are elongated bars that are advantageously dimensioned to extend into the grooves of the protrusions of the rotor core structure to implement shape-locking between the permanent magnet elements and the rotor core structure.
  • the exemplifying rotor illustrated in figures 1 a-1 d comprises intermediate elements between permanent magnet elements that are successive in the direction parallel with the protrusions of the rotor core structure 101 , i.e. in the z-direction of the coordinate system 199.
  • one of the intermediate elements is denoted with a reference 1 16.
  • the intermediate elements comprise grooves constituting, together with the grooves of the permanent magnet elements adjacent to the intermediate elements, tubular channels containing those of the locking elements that are located between the intermediate elements and the permanent magnet elements.
  • one of these locking elements is denoted with a reference 1 19.
  • FIG 1 e shows the arrangement shown in figure 1 d so that some of the permanent magnet elements are not presented in order to illustrate the locking elements more clearly.
  • the locking elements such as the locking element 109 shown in figures 1 a, 1 d, and 1 e can be made of for example nylon or metal e.g. steel.
  • the locking elements such as the locking elements 1 18 and 1 19 shown in figures 1 d and 1 e can be made of for example fiberglass, nylon, or metal e.g. steel.
  • the intermediate elements can be made of e.g. nylon or metal such as e.g. steel or aluminum.
  • the intermediate elements shown in figures 1 a and 1 d can be used for adjusting the z-directional length of the array of permanent magnet elements to be suitable for the rotor core structure in cases where the permanent magnet elements have fixed dimensions and it would not be cost effective to adjust the dimensions of the permanent magnet elements.
  • corresponding intermediate elements are used for adjusting the x-directional width of the array of permanent magnet elements.
  • a rotor according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment comprises intermediate elements of the kind mentioned above, and the intermediate elements comprise radial cooling ducts.
  • the intermediate elements are made of flexible material such as e.g.
  • the intermediate elements can be used as wedges which are mounted after mounting the permanent magnet elements and the locking elements, and which tighten the array of the permanent magnet elements.
  • the lower portions of the intermediate elements have a tapering, wedge-type shape.
  • Figure 2 shows an end-view of a rotor 200 according to an exemplifying and non- limiting embodiment.
  • the axial direction of the rotor is parallel with the z-axis of a coordinate system 299.
  • the rotor core structure comprises segments 201 , 202, 203, 204, and 205 that are successive to each other in the circumferential direction.
  • Figure 3 shows a section view of a permanent magnet machine according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment.
  • the section plane is parallel with the yz- plane of a coordinate system 399.
  • the permanent magnet machine comprises a rotor 300 according to an exemplifying and non-limiting embodiment of the invention and a stator 340.
  • the rotor 300 is rotatably supported with respect to the stator 340. Arrangements for rotatably supporting the rotor 300 with respect to the stator 340 are not shown in figure 3.
  • the stator 340 comprises stator windings 341 for generating a rotating magnetic field in response to being supplied with alternating currents.
  • the stator windings 341 can be for example a three-phase winding.
  • the rotor 300 can be for example such as illustrated in figures 1 a-1d and/or in figure 2.
  • the exemplifying permanent magnet machine illustrated in figure 3 is an inner rotor radial flux permanent magnet machine. It is to be noted that a rotor according to an embodiment of the invention can be, as well, a rotor of an outer rotor radial flux permanent magnet machine or a rotor of an axial flux permanent magnet machine. Correspondingly, a permanent magnet machine according to an embodiment of the invention can be, as well, an outer rotor radial flux permanent magnet machine or an axial flux permanent magnet machine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un rotor d'une machine à aimants permanents comprenant une structure de noyau de rotor (101) et des éléments aimants permanents (102, 103) placés sur des surfaces de support de la structure de noyau de rotor. La structure de noyau de rotor comprend des saillies (104-106) entre les surfaces adjacentes des surfaces de support de sorte que les éléments aimants permanents se trouvent entre les saillies et soient supportés mécaniquement par les saillies dans la direction circonférentielle. Les saillies comportent des rainures (107) sur des surfaces faisant face aux éléments aimants permanents, et les éléments aimants permanents comportent des rainures sur des surfaces sensiblement perpendiculaires aux surfaces de support. Le rotor comprend des éléments de verrouillage (109) situés partiellement dans les rainures des saillies et partiellement dans les rainures des éléments aimants permanents de façon à disposer les éléments de verrouillage pour verrouiller les éléments aimants permanents à la structure de noyau de rotor.
PCT/FI2019/050364 2018-05-14 2019-05-09 Rotor de machine à aimants permanents WO2019220007A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20185440 2018-05-14
FI20185440A FI20185440A1 (en) 2018-05-14 2018-05-14 Rotor of permanent magnet machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019220007A1 true WO2019220007A1 (fr) 2019-11-21

Family

ID=66630314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2019/050364 WO2019220007A1 (fr) 2018-05-14 2019-05-09 Rotor de machine à aimants permanents

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI20185440A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019220007A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0143693A2 (fr) * 1983-11-18 1985-06-05 FRANKLIN ELECTRIC Co., Inc. Rotor pour moteur électrique
JPS61106049A (ja) * 1984-10-25 1986-05-24 Yaskawa Electric Mfg Co Ltd 回転電機の永久磁石ロ−タ
EP1914864A2 (fr) * 2006-10-21 2008-04-23 ESW GmbH Agencement destiné à la fixation d'aimants permanents sur des rotors tournant rapidement de machines électriques
EP2991196A2 (fr) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aimant permanent pour un rotor d'une machine électrique
RU2618217C1 (ru) * 2016-05-23 2017-05-03 федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет "МИФИ" (НИЯУ МИФИ) Ротор электрической машины

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0143693A2 (fr) * 1983-11-18 1985-06-05 FRANKLIN ELECTRIC Co., Inc. Rotor pour moteur électrique
JPS61106049A (ja) * 1984-10-25 1986-05-24 Yaskawa Electric Mfg Co Ltd 回転電機の永久磁石ロ−タ
EP1914864A2 (fr) * 2006-10-21 2008-04-23 ESW GmbH Agencement destiné à la fixation d'aimants permanents sur des rotors tournant rapidement de machines électriques
EP2991196A2 (fr) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aimant permanent pour un rotor d'une machine électrique
RU2618217C1 (ru) * 2016-05-23 2017-05-03 федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет "МИФИ" (НИЯУ МИФИ) Ротор электрической машины

Also Published As

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