WO2019216718A1 - 영상 부호화 방법 및 장치, 영상 복호화 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
영상 부호화 방법 및 장치, 영상 복호화 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/157—Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/186—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a colour or a chrominance component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/119—Adaptive subdivision aspects, e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/12—Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264
- H04N19/122—Selection of transform size, e.g. 8x8 or 2x4x8 DCT; Selection of sub-band transforms of varying structure or type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
Definitions
- the method and apparatus according to an embodiment may encode or decode an image by using various types of coding units included in the image.
- the method and apparatus according to an embodiment may hierarchically divide a chroma image to determine at least one coding unit, and encode or decode the chroma image using at least one coding unit.
- Various data units may be used to compress an image, and there may be an inclusion relationship among these data units.
- the data unit may be divided by various methods, and the optimized data unit is determined according to the characteristics of the image, thereby encoding or decoding the image.
- An image decoding method may include determining a plurality of coding units in a luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on a segmentation mode of blocks included in a luma image of a current image; Determining a plurality of coding units in the chroma image by hierarchically dividing the chroma image based on a partition mode mode of blocks in the chroma image of the current image; And decoding the current image based on the determined plurality of coding units in the luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image, wherein the split mode is based on at least one of a split direction and a split type of a block.
- the determining of the plurality of coding units in the chroma image may include generating one of a plurality of chroma blocks to be generated by dividing a current chroma block in the chroma image based on a split mode mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image. If the size or width of the chroma block is less than or equal to a predetermined size or width, at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block without allowing division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block. Characterized in that it comprises the step of determining.
- An image decoding apparatus determines a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on the partition type mode of blocks included in the luma image of the current image.
- the plurality of coding units in the chroma image are determined by dividing the chroma image hierarchically based on the partition mode mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image, and the plurality of coding units in the determined luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image
- at least one processor configured to decode the current image based on a coding unit, wherein the split type mode is a mode based on at least one of a split direction and a split type of a block, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to perform an operation in the chroma image.
- the at least one The processor may determine at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block without allowing division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block.
- An image decoding method includes the steps of determining a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on a segmentation mode of blocks included in the luma image of the current image; Determining a plurality of coding units in the chroma image by hierarchically dividing the chroma image based on a split mode mode of blocks in the chroma image of the current image; And encoding the current image based on the plurality of coding units in the determined luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image.
- the split mode is a mode based on at least one of a split direction and a split type of a block,
- a computer program for an image encoding method or a decoding method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.
- FIG. 1A is a block diagram of an image decoding apparatus, according to various embodiments.
- 1B is a flowchart of a video decoding method according to various embodiments.
- 1C is a block diagram of an image decoder, according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 2A is a block diagram of an image encoding apparatus, according to various embodiments.
- 2B is a flowchart of a video encoding method, according to various embodiments.
- 2C is a block diagram of an image decoder, according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining, by an image decoding apparatus, at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a coding unit having a non-square shape by an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a process of splitting a coding unit by at least one of block shape information and information about a split shape mode, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for a method of determining, by an image decoding apparatus, a predetermined coding unit among odd number of coding units according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an order in which a plurality of coding units are processed when the image decoding apparatus determines a plurality of coding units by dividing a current coding unit.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a process of determining that a current coding unit is divided into an odd number of coding units when the image decoding apparatus cannot process the coding units in a predetermined order, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a first coding unit by an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a view illustrating that a shape in which a second coding unit may be split is limited when a non-square type second coding unit determined by splitting a first coding unit according to an embodiment satisfies a predetermined condition. Shows that.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a process of splitting a coding unit having a square shape by the image decoding apparatus when the information about the split mode may not be divided into four square coding units.
- FIG. 12 illustrates that a processing order between a plurality of coding units may vary according to a splitting process of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a process of determining a depth of a coding unit as a shape and a size of a coding unit change when a coding unit is recursively divided to determine a plurality of coding units according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a depth and a part index (PID) for distinguishing a coding unit, which may be determined according to the shape and size of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- PID depth and a part index
- FIG. 15 illustrates that a plurality of coding units are determined according to a plurality of predetermined data units included in a picture according to an embodiment.
- 16 is a diagram of a processing block serving as a reference for determining a determination order of a reference coding unit included in a picture, according to an embodiment.
- 17A to 17B are diagrams for describing a method of not allowing division into chroma blocks having a predetermined size or less when a split tree type is a single tree according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for describing a method of not allowing division into chroma blocks having a predetermined size or less when a split tree type is a dual tree, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for describing a method of dividing a block placed at a boundary of a picture using a split shape mode based on the direction of the picture boundary, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- 20A to 20B illustrate a method of dividing a block placed at a boundary of a picture based on whether a block having a minimum size is obtained when binary dividing a block placed at the boundary of a picture by applying a binary division depth that is allowed according to an exemplary embodiment.
- An image decoding method may include determining a plurality of coding units in a luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on a segmentation mode of blocks included in a luma image of a current image; Determining a plurality of coding units in the chroma image by hierarchically dividing the chroma image based on a partition mode mode of blocks in the chroma image of the current image; And decoding the current image based on the determined plurality of coding units in the luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image, wherein the split mode is based on at least one of a split direction and a split type of a block. Mode,
- the split type may represent one of binary split, tri split, and quad split.
- the predetermined size may be one of 4x2 and 2x4 and 2x2.
- the predetermined width may be one of eight and four.
- Determining at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block without allowing division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block may include: size or width of the current chroma block and the current; The size or width of one of the plurality of chroma blocks to be generated by dividing the current chroma block in the chroma image is smaller than a predetermined size or width depending on whether a condition based on the split shape mode of the chroma block is satisfied.
- the method may include determining at least one coding unit included in the chroma block.
- a condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block, and the split type mode of the current chroma block indicates that the division type of the current chroma block is quad division, and the width or height of the current chroma block. ) May be less than or equal to four.
- the condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block, and the split type mode of the current chroma block indicates whether or not the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 16 when the partition type of the current chroma block is binary division. May be a related condition.
- the division type of the current chroma block is tri division, it may be a condition regarding whether the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 32.
- the segmentation mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image may be independent of the segmentation mode of the blocks included in the luma image of the current image.
- the segmentation mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image is dependent on the segmentation mode of the corresponding blocks in the luma image of the current image corresponding to the blocks in the chroma image, and the size of the block in the chroma image is the size of the current image. It may be determined based on a chroma sub sampling format and the size of a corresponding block in the luma image.
- the size of one of the plurality of blocks to be generated by dividing the current chroma block of the chroma image based on the split shape mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image is 2xN (N is an integer greater than or equal to 2) or Nx2.
- the method may include determining that the division of the current chroma block is not allowed based on the division type mode of the current chroma block, and determining at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block.
- Determining a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on a split mode mode of blocks included in the luma image of the current image, wherein the current luma block included in the luma image is a picture When located on the right boundary of the method, obtaining a flag from the bitstream indicating a partition type of one of binary division and quad division; And determining at least one coding unit included in the current luma block based on the obtained flag.
- An image decoding apparatus determines a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on the partition type mode of blocks included in the luma image of the current image.
- the plurality of coding units in the chroma image are determined by dividing the chroma image hierarchically based on the partition mode mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image, and the plurality of coding units in the determined luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image
- at least one processor configured to decode the current image based on a coding unit, wherein the split type mode is a mode based on at least one of a split direction and a split type of a block, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to perform an operation in the chroma image.
- the at least one The processor may determine at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block without allowing division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block.
- An image encoding method includes the steps of determining a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on a segmentation mode of blocks included in the luma image of the current image; Determining a plurality of coding units in the chroma image by hierarchically dividing the chroma image based on a split mode mode of blocks in the chroma image of the current image; And encoding the current video based on the determined plurality of coding units in the luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image, wherein the split mode is based on at least one of a split direction and a split type of a block.
- the determining of the plurality of coding units in the chroma image may include generating one of a plurality of chroma blocks to be generated by dividing a current chroma block in the chroma image based on a split mode mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image. If the size or width of the chroma block is less than or equal to a predetermined size or width, at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block without allowing division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block. Determining may include.
- a computer program for an image encoding method or a decoding method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.
- the term “part” means a software or hardware component, and “part” plays certain roles. However, “part” is not meant to be limited to software or hardware.
- the “unit” may be configured to be in an addressable storage medium and may be configured to play one or more processors.
- a “part” refers to components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, processes, functions, properties, procedures, Subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays and variables.
- the functionality provided within the components and “parts” may be combined into a smaller number of components and “parts” or further separated into additional components and “parts”.
- the “unit” may be implemented with a processor and a memory.
- the term “processor” should be interpreted broadly to include general purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), controllers, microcontrollers, state machines, and the like.
- a “processor” may refer to an application specific semiconductor (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like.
- ASIC application specific semiconductor
- PLD programmable logic device
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- processor refers to a combination of processing devices such as, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a combination of a plurality of microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or a combination of any other such configuration. May be referred to.
- memory should be interpreted broadly to include any electronic component capable of storing electronic information.
- the term memory refers to random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erase-programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrical And may refer to various types of processor-readable media, such as erasable PROM (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage, registers, and the like.
- RAM random access memory
- ROM read-only memory
- NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
- PROM programmable read-only memory
- EPROM erase-programmable read-only memory
- electrical And may refer to various types of processor-readable media, such as erasable PROM (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage, registers, and the like.
- EEPROM erasable PROM
- flash memory magnetic or optical data storage, registers, and the like.
- the "image” may be a static image such as a still image of a video or may represent a dynamic image such as a video, that is, the video itself.
- sample means data to be processed as data allocated to a sampling position of an image.
- pixel values and transform coefficients on a transform region may be samples in an image of a spatial domain.
- a unit including the at least one sample may be defined as a block.
- FIGS. 1 to 20 A method of determining a data unit of an image according to various embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 through 16, and various forms of coding units according to various embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 17 through 20.
- An image decoding apparatus, an image encoding method, and an image decoding method for encoding or decoding an image based on the following will be described.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 an encoding / decoding method and apparatus for encoding or decoding an image based on various types of coding units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1A is a block diagram of an image decoding apparatus, according to various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a coding unit determiner 105 and an image decoder 110.
- the coding unit determiner 105 and the image decoder 110 may include at least one processor.
- the coding unit determiner 105 and the image decoder 110 may include a memory that stores instructions to be executed by at least one processor.
- the image decoder 110 may be implemented in hardware separate from the coding unit determiner 105 or may include the coding unit determiner 105.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on the partition type mode of the blocks included in the luma image of the current image.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine a plurality of coding units in the chroma image by dividing the chroma image hierarchically based on the split mode mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may have a predetermined size or width of one chroma block among a plurality of chroma blocks that may be generated by dividing the current chroma block in the chroma image based on a split mode mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image. It can be determined whether it is less than or equal to the size or width.
- the split type mode of the current chroma block may be a mode based on at least one of the split direction and the split type of the block.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine that the division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block is not allowed according to the result of the determination.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block based on one of the divided form modes of the current block allowed except for the divided form mode determined as not allowed. . If there is no partition type mode of the current block to allow, the coding unit determiner 105 may determine the current chroma block as a coding unit without splitting any more.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may have a predetermined size or width of one chroma block among a plurality of chroma blocks that may be generated by dividing the current chroma block in the chroma image based on a split mode mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image. If it is determined that it is smaller than or equal to the size or width, it may be determined that the division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block is not allowed.
- the predetermined size may be one of 4x2, 2x4, and 2x2. Also, the predetermined width may be one of eight and four.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may be configured to split the current chroma block in the chroma image based on whether the size or width of the current chroma block and a condition based on the split shape mode of the current chroma block are satisfied. It may be determined whether the size or width of one chroma block is less than or equal to a predetermined size or width. In this case, the condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block and the split mode mode of the current block indicates whether the width or height of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 4 when the split type of the current chroma block is quad split. Can be.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine that division based on the quad division is not allowed if the size or width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to four. That is, when the height or width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 4, the height or width of one chroma block among the plurality of chroma blocks generated by quad dividing the current chroma block may be less than or equal to two. Accordingly, the size of one chroma block of the plurality of chroma blocks generated by quad dividing the current chroma block may be 2x2, 4x2, 2x4 (or smaller), and the size of the block is encoded as a coding unit. In this case, it may be determined that the current block is not allowed to be quad-divided to improve throughput since the throughput may be reduced.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may divide the current chroma block based on other division types allowed except for quad division. If there is no split type allowed in the current chroma block, the coding unit determiner 105 may determine the current chroma block as a coding unit without splitting any more.
- the condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block and the partition type mode of the current block may be a condition on whether the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 16 when the partition type of the current chroma block is binary partition.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine that division based on the binary division is not allowed if the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 16.
- the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 16 (for example, when the size of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 2x8, 8x2, or 4x4)
- a plurality of chromas generated by binary division of the current chroma block The size of one chroma block of the blocks may be less than or equal to 2x4, 4x2.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may divide the current chroma block based on other division types allowed except for binary division. If there is no split type allowed in the current chroma block, the coding unit determiner 105 may determine the current chroma block as a coding unit without splitting any more.
- the condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block and the partition type mode of the current block indicates that the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 32 when the type of division of the current chroma block is tri-division (or triple division). May be a condition for.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine that division based on binary division is not allowed if the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 32.
- the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 32 (for example, when the size of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 4x8, 8x4, 2x16, 16x2), a plurality of generated by tri-dividing the current chroma block.
- the size of one chroma block of the chroma blocks may be less than or equal to 2x4, 4x2.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may divide the current chroma block based on other division types that are allowed except for tri division. If there is no split type allowed in the current chroma block, the coding unit determiner 105 may determine the current chroma block as a coding unit without splitting any more.
- the segmentation mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image may be independent of the segmentation mode of the blocks included in the luma image of the current image, but is not limited thereto.
- the segmentation mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image is chroma. It may be dependent on the segmentation mode of the corresponding blocks in the luma image of the current image corresponding to the blocks in the image.
- the coding unit determiner 105 determines a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on the segmentation mode mode of the blocks included in the luma image of the current image.
- a plurality of coding units in the chroma image may be determined by hierarchically dividing the chroma image based on the division mode mode of the blocks included in the same chroma image of the blocks.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine the size of the block in the chroma image based on the chroma subsampling method of the current image and the size of the corresponding block of the luma image.
- the size of the block in the chroma image may be determined to be 8x8.
- the coding unit determiner 105 determines that the size of one of the plurality of blocks generated by dividing from the current chroma block of the chroma image based on the division type mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image is 2xN (where N is greater than 2). Same integer) or less than or equal to Nx2, it may be determined that the division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block is not allowed.
- the coding unit determiner 105 may determine at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block based on the allowable partition type except for the partition type that is not allowed.
- the image decoder 110 may decode the current image based on the plurality of coding units in the luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image.
- each luma block divided in each inter slice or picture may have a different prediction mode.
- each luma block may have an inter or intra prediction mode.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the prediction mode of the corresponding chroma block as follows. When the current slice or picture is an inter slice or a picture, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the prediction mode of the chroma block if the ratio of the area of the luma block having the intra prediction mode is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. May be determined as an intra prediction mode.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the prediction mode of the chroma block if the ratio of the area of the luma block having the inter prediction mode is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. May be determined as the inter prediction mode.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a prediction mode of a corresponding chroma block from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the prediction mode of the luma corresponding block corresponding to the specific position of the chroma block as the prediction mode of the chroma block.
- the specific position may be a position such as an upper left position, a center position, a lower left position, an upper position, a lower right position, and the like.
- the specific position may be a predefined position, but is not limited thereto, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about the specific position from a separate bitstream and determine the specific position based on the obtained information. have.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform the following operations when the size of the current block is smaller than or equal to a specific size or the width of the current block is smaller than or equal to a specific value to improve throughput.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may inversely transform the current block by using a transform method other than a transform method such as a discrete cosine transform (DCT). For example, when the size of the current block is smaller than 4 ⁇ 4, the image decoder 105 may inversely transform the current block by using a hamadad transform.
- DCT discrete cosine transform
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may always set a value of a transform skip flag for the current block to 1. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a transform skip flag for the current block from the bitstream and set a value of the transform skip flag based on the value of the transform skip flag obtained from the bitstream. If the size of the current block is less than or equal to a certain size, or if the width of the current block is less than or equal to a certain value, the value of the transform skip flag for the current block is obtained without obtaining the transform skip flag from the bitstream. Can be set to
- the transform skip flag is a flag indicating whether a transform is used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may restore the current block using an inverse quantized block without performing an inverse transform operation.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform an inverse transform operation on the inverse quantized block, generate an inverse transformed block, and restore the current block by using the inverse transformed block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the division of the block is not allowed when the size of the block is smaller than or equal to a specific size or width. For example, when the size of the current block is 8x8, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the division of the current block is not allowed. For example, when the width of the current block is 64, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the division of the current block is not allowed.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform the following operation since the probability of dividing the block may be lower than the probability of skipping the block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain skip information of the current block from the bitstream before split information of the current block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 obtains flag information indicating whether the maximum coding unit has residual information at the maximum coding unit level, and if the value of the flag indicates that the maximum coding unit does not have residual information. In this case, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine not to parse syntax elements related to the residual from the bitstream and skip the decoding process related thereto.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that asymmetric binary division is not allowed in the case of an inter slice or a picture.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current block without obtaining additional information from the bitstream. For example, when the current block is located on the boundary of a picture, the image decoding apparatus 100 may quad split the current block without obtaining additional information from the bitstream. In this case, the divided blocks may be quad-recursively recursively until they are not located on the boundary of the picture. However, if there is a predetermined split depth, the block may be split up to the corresponding depth.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current block without obtaining additional information from the bitstream, but divide the current block based on various division types and division directions. can do. In this case, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the division type and the division direction of the current block based on the boundary condition of the block.
- the divided blocks may be recursively divided until they are not located on the boundary of the picture. However, if there is a predetermined split depth, the block may be split up to the corresponding depth.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the division direction of the current block in the horizontal direction, determines the division type as binary division (or tri division),
- the current block may be binary-divided (or tri-divided) in the horizontal direction based on the division direction and the division type of the current block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the division direction of the current block in the vertical direction, determines the division type of the current block as binary division (or tri-division), and The current block may be binary divided (or tri-divided) in the vertical direction based on the division direction and the division type of the block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the division type of the current block as quad division, and quad divide the current block based on the division type of the current block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 limits some partition types or partition directions among various partition types or partition directions to reduce complexity. can do.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may limit the division depth of binary division.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may limit the ratio of the allowable block or the size of the allowable block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a block without obtaining additional information from the bitstream using only the split mode that satisfies the constraint.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may allow only some of the partition types of the plurality of blocks. For example, when the current block is located on the boundary of a picture, the image decoding apparatus 100 may allow only quad division among various division types.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may implicitly divide the current block until the divided block has a specific partition type mode that may be used in the block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the current block is not further divided. In order to enable this, the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform the following operations.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a flag indicating whether implicit split for the current block is allowed from the bitstream. When the value of the flag is equal to 0, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that implicit division for the current block is not allowed. In this case, the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about the partition type mode of the current block from the bitstream, and determine the partition type mode of the current block based on the obtained information. When the value of the flag is equal to 1, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that implicit division for the current block is allowed. In this case, the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform implicit division on the current block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a flag indicating that the current block has no residual from the bitstream. If the flag value is equal to 0, the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform implicit division on the current block. When the value of the flag is equal to 1, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the skip mode decoding process is performed on the current block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a flag of the maximum coding unit level indicating whether the implicit segmentation for the maximum coding unit is allowed from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that implicit division of the maximum coding unit is not allowed.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may determine that implicit division of the maximum coding unit is not allowed.
- the value of the flag is 1, it may be determined that implicit splitting for the maximum coding unit is allowed, and the implicit splitting process for the maximum coding unit may be performed.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a flag indicating that the current maximum coding unit does not have a residual from the bitstream. When the value of the flag is equal to 0, the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform implicit division on the current maximum coding unit. When the value of the flag is equal to 1, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the skip mode decoding process is performed on the current maximum coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may implicitly determine the split type mode of the current block. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one segmentation mode among a plurality of specific segmentation modes based on a boundary condition. When the current block is located on the right boundary of the picture, the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a flag indicating one of a division type of binary division and quad division from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a split mode mode used for the current maximum coding unit from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the split type mode of the current block based on the ratio of the region within the picture. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the split type mode of the current block based on the ratio of the height and the width of the block area in the picture. If the current block is located on the left boundary or the right boundary, and the ratio of the width and height of the current block is greater than N, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the division type of the current block as quad division. Otherwise, the video decoding apparatus 100 may determine the partition type of the current block as binary partition.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the division type of the current block as quad division or the division type of the current block as binary division.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may always obtain information about the split type mode of the current block from the bitstream, regardless of whether the current block is located on the boundary of the picture.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs entropy decoding by allocating a context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) context different from that of blocks not located on the boundary of the picture. You can decide.
- CABAC context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that entropy decoding is performed using a CABAC context based on a boundary condition.
- 1B is a flowchart of a video decoding method according to various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of coding units in the luma image by dividing the luma image hierarchically based on the division mode mode of the block included in the luma image of the current image.
- the split type mode may be a mode based on at least one of the split direction and the split type of the block.
- the split type may indicate at least one of binary split, tri split, and quad split.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of coding units in the chroma image by hierarchically dividing the chroma image based on the partition type mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be smaller than or equal to the size or width of one chroma block among a plurality of chroma blocks that may be generated by dividing the current chroma block in the chroma image based on the split mode mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image.
- at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block may be determined without allowing division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode the current image based on the plurality of coding units in the luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image.
- 1C is a block diagram of an image decoder 6000 according to various embodiments.
- the image decoder 6000 performs operations performed by the image decoder 110 of the image decoding apparatus 100 to encode image data.
- the entropy decoding unit 6150 parses encoded image data to be decoded and encoding information necessary for decoding from the bitstream 6050.
- the encoded image data is a quantized transform coefficient.
- the inverse quantizer 6200 and the inverse transform unit 6250 reconstruct residue data from the quantized transform coefficients.
- the intra predictor 6400 performs intra prediction for each block.
- the inter prediction unit 6350 performs inter prediction using the reference image acquired in the reconstructed picture buffer 6300 for each block.
- the deblocking unit ( 6450 and the SAO execution unit 6500 may perform loop filtering on the restored data of the spatial region to output the filtered restored image 6600.
- the reconstructed images stored in the reconstructed picture buffer 6300 may be output as reference images.
- step-by-step operations of the image decoder 6000 may be performed for each block.
- FIG. 2A is a block diagram of an image encoding apparatus, according to various embodiments.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may include a coding unit determiner 155 and an image encoder 160.
- the coding unit determiner 155 and the image encoder 160 may include at least one processor.
- the coding unit determiner 155 and the image encoder 160 may include a memory that stores instructions to be executed by at least one processor.
- the image encoder 160 may be implemented in hardware separate from the coding unit determiner 155 or may include the coding unit determiner 155.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on the partition type mode of the blocks included in the luma image of the current image.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine a plurality of coding units in the chroma image by hierarchically dividing the chroma image based on the split mode mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine a size or width of one chroma block among a plurality of chroma blocks that may be generated by dividing the current chroma block in the chroma image based on the split mode mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image. It can be determined whether it is less than or equal to the size or width.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine that the division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block is not allowed according to the determination result.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block based on one of the divided form modes of the current block allowed except for the divided form mode determined as not allowed. . If there is no partition type mode of the current block to allow, the coding unit determiner 155 may determine the current chroma block as a coding unit without splitting any more.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine a size or width of one chroma block among a plurality of chroma blocks that may be generated by dividing the current chroma block in the chroma image based on the split mode mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image. If it is determined that it is smaller than or equal to the size or width, it may be determined that the division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block is not allowed.
- the predetermined size may be one of 4x2, 2x4, and 2x2. Also, the predetermined width may be one of eight and four.
- the coding unit determiner 155 divides the current chroma block in the chroma image according to whether or not a condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block and the split mode mode of the current chroma block is satisfied. It may be determined whether the size or width of one chroma block is less than or equal to a predetermined size or width. In this case, the condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block and the split mode mode of the current block indicates whether the width or height of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 4 when the split type of the current chroma block is quad split. Can be.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine that division based on the quad division is not allowed if the size or width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to four. That is, when the height or width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 4, the height or width of one chroma block among the plurality of chroma blocks generated by quad dividing the current chroma block may be less than or equal to two. Accordingly, the size of one chroma block of the plurality of chroma blocks generated by quad-dividing the current chroma block may be 2x2, 4x2, 2x4 (or smaller), and the size of the block may be encoded or encoded.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may divide the current chroma block based on other division types allowed except for quad division. If there is no split type allowed in the current chroma block, the coding unit determiner 155 may determine the current chroma block as a coding unit without splitting any more.
- the condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block and the partition type mode of the current block may be a condition on whether the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 16 when the partition type of the current chroma block is binary partition.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine that division based on the binary division is not allowed if the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 16.
- the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 16 (for example, when the size of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 2x8, 8x2, 4x4)
- a plurality of chroma blocks generated by binary division of the current chroma block The size of one chroma block may be less than or equal to 2x4, 4x2.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may divide the current chroma block based on other division types allowed except for binary division. If there is no split type allowed in the current chroma block, the coding unit determiner 155 may determine the current chroma block as a coding unit without splitting any more.
- the condition based on the size or width of the current chroma block and the split type mode of the current block may be a condition as to whether the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 32 when the split type of the current chroma block is tri split.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine that the division based on the binary division is not allowed if the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 32.
- the width of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 32 (for example, when the size of the current chroma block is less than or equal to 4x8, 8x4, 2x16, 16x2), a plurality of generated by tri-dividing the current chroma block.
- the size of one chroma block of the chroma blocks may be less than or equal to 2x4, 4x2.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may divide the current chroma block based on other division types allowed except for tri division. If there is no split type allowed in the current chroma block, the coding unit determiner 155 may determine the current chroma block as a coding unit without splitting any more.
- the segmentation mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image may be independent of the segmentation mode of the blocks included in the luma image of the current image, but is not limited thereto.
- the segmentation mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image is chroma. It may be dependent on the segmentation mode of the corresponding blocks in the luma image of the current image corresponding to the blocks in the image.
- the coding unit determiner 155 determines a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on the segmentation mode mode of the blocks included in the luma image of the current image.
- a plurality of coding units in the chroma image may be determined by hierarchically dividing the chroma image based on the division mode mode of the blocks included in the same chroma image of the blocks.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine the size of the block in the chroma image based on the chroma subsampling method of the current image and the size of the corresponding block of the luma image.
- the size of the block in the chroma image may be determined to be 8x8.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may have an integer of 2xN (where N is greater than or equal to 2) of the size of one of the plurality of blocks divided from the current chroma block of the chroma image based on the division type mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image. Or less than or equal to Nx2, it may be determined that disallowing division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block.
- the coding unit determiner 155 may determine at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block based on the allowable partition type except for the partition type that is not allowed.
- the image encoder 160 may encode the current image based on the plurality of coding units in the luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image.
- Each luma block divided in each inter slice or picture may have a different prediction mode.
- each luma block may have an inter or intra prediction mode.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine the prediction mode of the corresponding chroma block as follows. When the current slice or picture is an inter slice or a picture, the image encoding apparatus 150 sets the intra prediction mode of the chroma block if the ratio of the area of the luma block having the intra prediction mode is greater than a predetermined value. The prediction mode may be determined.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may interleave the prediction mode of the chroma block if the ratio of the area of the luma block having the inter prediction mode is greater than a predetermined value.
- the prediction mode may be determined.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode information about a prediction mode of a corresponding chroma block and generate a bitstream including information about a prediction mode of the encoded chroma block. have.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine the prediction mode of the luma corresponding block corresponding to the specific position of the chroma block as the prediction mode of the chroma block.
- the specific position may be a position such as an upper left position, a center position, a lower left position, an upper position, a lower right position, and the like.
- the specific position may be a predefined position, but is not limited thereto, and the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode information about the specific position and generate a bitstream including information about the encoded specific position. have.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may perform the following operation when the size of the current block is smaller than or equal to a specific size or the width of the current block is smaller than or equal to a specific value in order to improve throughput.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may transform the current block using a transform method other than a transform method such as a discrete cosine transform (DCT). For example, when the size of the current block is smaller than 4x4, the image encoding apparatus 150 may transform the current block by using a hamadad transform.
- DCT discrete cosine transform
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine to omit the transform for the current block. For example, the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a transform skip flag for the current block and generate a bitstream including the encoded flag, but if the size of the current block is smaller than or equal to a specific size, When the width of the current block is smaller than or equal to a specific value, it may be determined that the transform for the current block is omitted, and the transform skip flag for the current block may not be encoded.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine that the division of the block is not allowed when the size of the block is smaller than or equal to a specific size or width. For example, when the size of the current block is 8x8, the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine that the division of the current block is not allowed. For example, when the width of the current block is 64, the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine that the division of the current block is not allowed.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may perform the following operation since the probability of dividing the block may be lower than the probability of skipping the block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode skip information of the current block before segmentation information of the current block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 determines that syntax elements related to the residual are not encoded, and sets a flag indicating that the maximum coding unit does not have residual information.
- a bitstream including the encoded flag may be generated.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine that asymmetric binary division is not allowed when the current slice or picture is an inter slice or a picture.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may divide the current block when the current block is located on the boundary of the picture. In this case, the image encoding apparatus 150 may not encode information about the partitioned mode of the current block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may quad-split the current block without encoding the split type mode information.
- the divided blocks may be quad-recursively recursively until they are not located on the boundary of the picture.
- the block may be split up to the corresponding depth.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may split the current block without encoding the split mode mode information for the current block, but based on various partition types and split directions. You can split the current block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine the division type and the division direction of the current block based on the boundary condition of the block.
- the divided blocks may be recursively divided until they are not located on the boundary of the picture. However, if there is a predetermined split depth, the block may be split up to the corresponding depth.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 determines the division direction of the current block in the horizontal direction, determines the division type as the binary division, and divides the current block in the division direction. And based on the partition type, the current block may be binary divided in the horizontal direction.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 determines the division direction of the current block in the vertical direction, determines the division type of the current block as the binary division, Based on the partition type, the current block may be binary divided in the vertical direction.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine the division type of the current block as quad division, and quad divide the current block based on the division type of the current block.
- partition types or partition directions of the allowable blocks are diversified, complexity increases exponentially, and the image encoding apparatus 150 restricts some partition types or partition directions among various partition types or partition directions to reduce complexity. can do.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may limit the division depth of binary division.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may limit the ratio of the allowable block or the size of the allowable block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may divide a block by using only a split mode that satisfies the constraint and may not encode information about a separate split mode.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may allow only some of the partition types of the plurality of blocks. For example, when the current block is located on a boundary of a picture, the image encoding apparatus 150 may allow only quad division among various division types.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may implicitly partition the current block until the divided block has a specific partition type mode that may be used in the block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine that the current block is not further divided. To enable this, the image encoding apparatus 150 may perform the following operations.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag indicating whether implicit split for the current block is allowed. When determining that the implicit segmentation for the current block is not allowed, the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag value as 0. In this case, the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode information about the partitioned mode of the current block and generate a bitstream including information about the encoded partitioned mode of the current block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode the flag value as 1.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag indicating that the current block does not have a residual, and generate a bitstream including the encoded flag.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag value as 0 when performing implicit division on the current block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode the flag value as 1 when performing the skip mode encoding process on the current block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag having a maximum coding unit level indicating whether implicit division of the maximum coding unit is allowed.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag value as 0.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode the flag value as 1 when performing the implicit splitting process on the maximum coding unit.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag indicating that the current maximum coding unit does not have a residual.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag value equal to zero.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode the flag value equal to one.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may implicitly determine the split mode mode of the current block. For example, the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine one segmentation mode among a plurality of specific segmentation modes based on a boundary condition. When the current block is located on the right boundary of the picture, the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode a flag indicating one of a division type of binary division and quad division.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 encodes information about a split mode mode used for the current maximum coding unit, and includes bits that include information about the encoded split mode. You can create a stream.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine the split mode mode of the current block based on the ratio of the region within the picture. For example, the split shape mode of the current block may be determined based on a ratio of the height and the width of the block area in the picture. If the current block is located on the left boundary or the right boundary, and the ratio of the width and height of the current block is greater than N, the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine the division type of the current block as quad division. Otherwise, the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine the division type of the current block as binary division.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine the division type of the current block as quad division or the division type of the current block as binary division.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode information about the split shape mode of the current block, regardless of whether the current block is located on the boundary of the picture.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may assign entropy encoding by assigning a context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) context different from that of blocks not located on the boundary of the picture. .
- CABAC context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may entropy encode using a CABAC context based on a boundary condition.
- 2B is a flowchart of a video encoding method, according to various embodiments.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine a plurality of coding units in the luma image by hierarchically dividing the luma image based on the segmentation mode of the blocks included in the luma image of the current image.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may determine a plurality of coding units in the chroma image by dividing the chroma image hierarchically based on the split mode mode of the blocks in the chroma image of the current image.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may have a size or width of one chroma block of a plurality of chroma blocks generated by dividing the current chroma block in the chroma image based on the split mode mode of the current chroma block in the chroma image. If smaller than or equal to, at least one coding unit included in the current chroma block may be determined without allowing division of the current chroma block based on the split type mode of the current chroma block.
- the image encoding apparatus 150 may encode the current image based on the plurality of coding units in the luma image and the plurality of coding units in the chroma image.
- 2C is a block diagram of an image encoder, according to various embodiments.
- the image encoder 7000 performs operations performed by the image encoder 160 of the video encoding apparatus 150 to encode image data.
- the intra predictor 7200 performs intra prediction for each block of the current image 7050
- the inter predictor 7150 performs reference to the reference image obtained from the current image 7050 and the reconstructed picture buffer 7100 for each block. Inter prediction is performed.
- Residual data is generated by subtracting the prediction data for each block output from the intra predictor 7200 or the inter predictor 7150 from the data for the encoded block of the current image 7050, and the transformer 7250.
- the quantization unit 7300 may perform transform and quantization on the residue data to output quantized transform coefficients for each block.
- the inverse quantization unit 7450 and the inverse transform unit 7500 may restore the residual data of the spatial domain by performing inverse quantization and inverse transformation on the quantized transform coefficients.
- Residual data of the reconstructed spatial domain is reconstructed into spatial data of a block of the current image 7050 by adding the prediction data of each block output from the intra predictor 7200 or the inter predictor 7150. .
- the deblocking unit 7750 and the SAO performer perform in-loop filtering on the data of the reconstructed spatial region to generate a filtered reconstructed image.
- the generated reconstructed image is stored in the reconstructed picture buffer 7100.
- the reconstructed images stored in the reconstructed picture buffer 7100 may be used as reference images for inter prediction of another image.
- the entropy encoder 7350 may entropy-encode the quantized transform coefficients, and the entropy-encoded coefficients may be output as the bitstream 7400.
- step-by-step operations of the image encoder 7000 according to various embodiments may be performed for each block.
- the image may be divided into maximum coding units.
- the size of the largest coding unit may be determined based on information obtained from the bitstream.
- the shape of the largest coding unit may have a square of the same size. But it is not limited thereto.
- the maximum coding unit may be hierarchically divided into coding units based on the information about the split shape mode obtained from the bitstream.
- the information on the partition type mode may include at least one of information indicating whether to split, split direction information, and split type information.
- Information indicating whether to split indicates whether to split a coding unit.
- the division direction information indicates division into one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.
- the split type information indicates that a coding unit is split into one of binary split, tri split (or triple split), or quad split.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about the partition mode from the bitstream as one empty string.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to split a coding unit, a split direction, and a split type based on one empty string.
- the coding unit may be smaller than or equal to the maximum coding unit.
- the coding unit when indicating that the information about the split mode is not split, the coding unit has the same size as the maximum coding unit.
- the maximum coding unit may be split into coding units of a lower depth.
- the coding unit of the lower depth may be split into coding units having a smaller size.
- segmentation of an image is not limited thereto, and a maximum coding unit and a coding unit may not be distinguished. Splitting of coding units will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 16.
- the coding unit may be divided into a prediction unit for prediction of an image.
- the prediction unit may be equal to or smaller than the coding unit.
- the coding unit may be divided into a transformation unit for transformation of an image.
- the transformation unit may be equal to or smaller than the coding unit.
- the shape and size of the transform unit and the prediction unit may not be related to each other.
- the coding unit may be distinguished from the prediction unit and the transformation unit, but the coding unit, the prediction unit, and the transformation unit may be the same.
- the division of the prediction unit and the transformation unit may be performed in the same manner as the division of the coding unit. Splitting of coding units will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 16.
- the current block and neighboring blocks of the present disclosure may represent one of a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, a prediction unit, and a transformation unit.
- the current block or the current coding unit is a block in which decoding or encoding is currently performed or a block in which current division is in progress.
- the neighboring block may be a block restored before the current block.
- the neighboring blocks can be spatially or temporally adjacent from the current block.
- the neighboring block may be located at one of the lower left side, left side, upper left side, upper side, upper right side, right side, and lower side of the current block.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a process of determining, by the image decoding apparatus 100, at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit according to an embodiment.
- the block type may include 4Nx4N, 4Nx2N, 2Nx4N, 4NxN, Nx4N, 32NxN, Nx32N, 16NxN, Nx16N, 8NxN or Nx8N.
- N may be a positive integer.
- the block shape information is information indicating at least one of a shape, a direction, a width, and a ratio or size of a coding unit.
- the shape of the coding unit may include square and non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine block shape information of the coding unit as a square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the shape of the coding unit as a non-square.
- the image decoding device 100 May determine the block shape information of the coding unit as a non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a ratio of the width and the height of the block shape information of the coding unit to 1: 2, 2: 1, 1: 4, 4: 1, 1: 8. Or 8: 1.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the coding unit is a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, based on the length of the width of the coding unit and the length of the height. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the coding unit based on at least one of the length, the length, or the width of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a shape of a coding unit by using block shape information, and may determine in which form the coding unit is divided by using information on a split shape mode. That is, the method of dividing the coding unit indicated by the information about the partition mode may be determined according to which block shape the block shape information used by the image decoding apparatus 100 indicates.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about the partition type mode from the bitstream. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the image decoding apparatus 100 and the image encoding apparatus 150 may obtain information about a predetermined partition type mode based on the block shape information.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a partition type mode that is previously promised with respect to the maximum coding unit or the minimum coding unit. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine, as a quad split, information about a split mode mode with respect to the maximum coding unit. In addition, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the information about the split type mode is "not divided" with respect to the minimum coding unit. In more detail, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the largest coding unit to 256x256.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine information about a predetermined partition type mode as quad segmentation.
- Quad division is a division mode mode that bisects both the width and the height of a coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a 128x128 coding unit from the largest coding unit having a size of 256x256 based on the information about the split mode. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the minimum coding unit as 4 ⁇ 4.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a split mode mode indicating “not split” with respect to the minimum coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block shape information indicating that the current coding unit is square. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to split a square coding unit, to split vertically, to split horizontally, or to split into four coding units according to the information about the split mode. Referring to FIG. 3, when the block shape information of the current coding unit 300 indicates a square shape, the decoder 120 and the current coding unit 300 are determined according to the information about the split shape mode indicating that the block shape information is not divided. The coding units 310a having the same size may not be divided, or the split coding units 310b, 310c, 310d, and the like may be determined based on the information on the split mode mode indicating a predetermined division method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides two coding units 310b vertically by dividing the current coding unit 300 based on information about a split mode that indicates division in a vertical direction, according to an exemplary embodiment. ) Can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine two coding units 310c that divide the current coding unit 300 in the horizontal direction based on the information about the split mode that indicates the split in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine four coding units 310d that divide the current coding unit 300 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction based on the information about the split mode mode indicating the division in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. have.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides three coding units 310e vertically by dividing the current coding unit 300 based on split form mode information indicating tri-or ternary division in a vertical direction. Can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine three coding units 310f that divide the current coding unit 300 in the horizontal direction based on split type mode information indicating that the ternary division is performed in the horizontal direction.
- the divided form in which the square coding unit may be divided should not be interpreted as being limited to the above-described form, but may include various forms in which information about the divided form mode may be represented. Certain division forms in which a square coding unit is divided will be described in detail with reference to various embodiments below.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a process of determining, by the image decoding apparatus 100, at least one coding unit by dividing a coding unit having a non-square shape according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block shape information indicating that a current coding unit is a non-square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to split the current coding unit of the non-square according to the information about the partition mode or whether to split the current coding unit by a predetermined method. Referring to FIG. 4, when the block shape information of the current coding unit 400 or 450 indicates a non-square shape, the image decoding apparatus 100 may encode the current image according to the information about the split shape mode indicating that the image decoding apparatus 100 is not divided.
- Coding units 420a, 420b, 430a, and 430b that determine coding units 410 or 460 having the same size as units 400 or 450, or are divided based on information about a split mode mode indicating a predetermined division method. , 430c, 470a, 470b, 480a, 480b, and 480c.
- a predetermined division method in which a non-square coding unit is divided will be described in detail with reference to various embodiments below.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a form in which a coding unit is divided using information on a split mode mode, and in this case, at least one piece of information about the split mode is generated by splitting a coding unit. It may represent the number of coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may encode the current code based on the information about the split shape mode. Two coding units 420a, 420b, or 470a, 470b included in the current coding unit may be determined by dividing the unit 400 or 450.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current coding unit 400 or 450 having a non-square shape based on the information about the split shape mode, the image decoding apparatus 100 may have a non-square shape.
- the current coding unit may be split in consideration of the position of the long side of the current coding unit 400 or 450.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current coding unit 400 or 450 in a direction of dividing a long side of the current coding unit 400 or 450 in consideration of the shape of the current coding unit 400 or 450. To determine a plurality of coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the information about the split type mode indicates that the coding unit is split (tri split) into an odd number of blocks, the image decoding apparatus 100 includes the current coding unit 400 or 450.
- An odd number of coding units may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes the current coding unit 400 or 450 by three encodings. It may be divided into units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c.
- the ratio of the width and the height of the current coding unit 400 or 450 may be 4: 1 or 1: 4.
- the ratio of the width and the height is 4: 1
- the block shape information may be in the horizontal direction.
- the ratio of the width and the height is 1: 4
- the length of the width is shorter than the length of the height
- the block shape information may be in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine to divide the current coding unit into odd blocks based on the information about the split mode. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a split direction of the current coding unit 400 or 450 based on block shape information of the current coding unit 400 or 450.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding units 430a, 430b, and 430c by dividing the current coding unit 400 in the horizontal direction. Also, when the current coding unit 450 is in the horizontal direction, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding units 480a, 480b, and 480c by dividing the current coding unit 450 in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an odd number of coding units included in the current coding unit 400 or 450, and not all sizes of the determined coding units may be the same. For example, the size of a predetermined coding unit 430b or 480b among the determined odd coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c is different from other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a, and 480c.
- a coding unit that may be determined by dividing the current coding unit 400 or 450 may have a plurality of types, and in some cases, odd number of coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c. Each may have a different size.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine odd coding units included in the current coding unit 400 or 450. In addition, the image decoding apparatus 100 may set a predetermined limit on at least one coding unit among odd-numbered coding units generated by dividing. Referring to FIG. 4, the image decoding apparatus 100 is a coding unit positioned at the center of three coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c generated by dividing a current coding unit 400 or 450. The decoding process for 430b and 480b may be different from other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a and 480c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may restrict the coding units 430b and 480b positioned in the center from being split no more than the other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a, and 480c, or may only split the predetermined number of times. You can limit it to split.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a process of splitting a coding unit by the image decoding apparatus 100 based on at least one of block shape information and information about a split shape mode, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines that the first coding unit 500 having a square shape is divided or not divided into coding units based on at least one of block shape information and information about a split mode. Can be. According to an embodiment, when the information about the split mode mode indicates dividing the first coding unit 500 in the horizontal direction, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 500 in the horizontal direction to generate the first coding unit 500.
- the two coding units 510 may be determined.
- the first coding unit, the second coding unit, and the third coding unit used according to an embodiment are terms used to understand a before and after relationship between the coding units. For example, when the first coding unit is split, the second coding unit may be determined. When the second coding unit is split, the third coding unit may be determined.
- the relationship between the first coding unit, the second coding unit, and the third coding unit used is based on the above-described feature.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine to divide or not split the second coding unit 510 into coding units based on at least one of the block shape information and the information about the split shape mode. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second coding unit having a non-square shape determined by dividing the first coding unit 500 based on at least one of block shape information and information about a split shape mode.
- the 510 may be divided into at least one third coding unit 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, or the like, or the second coding unit 510 may not be divided.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain at least one of the block shape information and the information about the split shape mode, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may based on at least one of the obtained block shape information and the information about the split shape mode.
- the first coding unit 500 may be divided to divide a plurality of second coding units (eg, 510) of various types, and the second coding unit 510 may include information about block shape information and a split shape mode.
- the first coding unit 500 may be split based on at least one of the following methods. According to an embodiment, when the first coding unit 500 is divided into the second coding unit 510 based on at least one of the block shape information about the first coding unit 500 and the information about the split shape mode.
- the second coding unit 510 may also use a third coding unit (eg, 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d) based on at least one of block shape information and split mode mode of the second coding unit 510. Etc.). That is, the coding unit may be recursively split based on at least one of the information about the partition mode and the block shape information associated with each coding unit. Therefore, a square coding unit may be determined in a non-square coding unit, and a coding unit of a square shape may be recursively divided to determine a coding unit of a non-square shape.
- a third coding unit eg, 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d
- a non-square second coding unit 510 is divided among predetermined odd coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d that are determined by splitting a predetermined coding unit (eg, located in the center of the second coding unit). Coding units or coding units having a square shape) may be recursively divided.
- the third coding unit 520b having a square shape which is one of odd third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d, may be divided in a horizontal direction and divided into a plurality of fourth coding units.
- the fourth coding unit 530b or 530d having a non-square shape which is one of the plurality of fourth coding units 530a, 530b, 530c, and 530d, may be divided into a plurality of coding units.
- the fourth coding unit 530b or 530d having a non-square shape may be divided into odd coding units.
- a method that can be used for recursive division of coding units will be described later through various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split each of the third coding units 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, etc. into coding units based on at least one of the block shape information and the split mode mode. Can be. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine not to split the second coding unit 510 based on at least one of the block shape information and the information about the split shape mode. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the second coding unit 510 having a non-square shape into an odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may place a predetermined limit on a predetermined third coding unit among the odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be limited to the number of coding units 520c positioned in the middle of the odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d, or may be divided by the number of times that can be set. It can be limited to.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a coding unit positioned at the center among odd-numbered third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d included in the second coding unit 510 having a non-square shape.
- 520c is no longer divided, or is limited to being divided into a predetermined division form (for example, divided into only four coding units or divided into a form corresponding to the divided form of the second coding unit 510), or predetermined. It can be limited to dividing only by the number of times (for example, n times only, n> 0).
- the above limitation on the coding unit 520c located in the center is merely a mere embodiment and thus should not be construed as being limited to the above-described embodiments, and the coding unit 520c located in the center may be different from other coding units 520b and 520d. ), It should be interpreted as including various restrictions that can be decoded.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain at least one of block shape information used for dividing a current coding unit and information about a split mode, at a predetermined position in the current coding unit.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a method for the image decoding apparatus 100 to determine a predetermined coding unit among odd number of coding units, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- At least one of the block shape information of the current coding units 600 and 650 and the information about the split shape mode may be a sample of a predetermined position among a plurality of samples included in the current coding units 600 and 650. For example, it can be obtained from the sample (640, 690) located in the center.
- a predetermined position in the current coding unit 600 from which at least one of such block shape information and split mode mode may be obtained should not be interpreted as being limited to the center position shown in FIG. 6, and the current encoding is performed at the predetermined position.
- various positions eg, top, bottom, left, right, top left, bottom left, top right or bottom right, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to divide or not divide the current coding unit into coding units having various shapes and sizes by acquiring at least one of block shape information obtained from a predetermined position and information about a split shape mode. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select one coding unit from among them. Methods for selecting one of a plurality of coding units may vary, which will be described below through various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a current coding unit into a plurality of coding units and determine a coding unit of a predetermined position.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use information indicating the position of each of the odd coding units to determine a coding unit located in the middle of the odd coding units. Referring to FIG. 6, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current coding unit 600 or the current coding unit 650 to find an odd number of coding units 620a, 620b, 620c, or an odd number of coding units 660a, 660b and 660c can be determined. The image decoding apparatus 100 may use the middle coding unit 620b or the middle coding unit by using information about the positions of the odd coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c or the odd coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. 660b can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the positions of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on information indicating the positions of predetermined samples included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the coding unit 620b positioned at may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 is based on the information indicating the position of the sample (630a, 630b, 630c) of the upper left of the coding units (620a, 620b, 620c) coding units (620a, 620b, 620c)
- the coding unit 620b positioned in the center may be determined by determining the position of.
- the information indicating the position of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c may be included in the picture of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, respectively. It may include information about the location or coordinates of. According to an embodiment, the information indicating the position of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c may be included in the current coding unit 600.
- 620b and 620c may include information indicating a width or a height, and the width or height may correspond to information indicating a difference between coordinates within a picture of the coding units 620a, 620b and 620c. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 directly uses information about the position or coordinates in the picture of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c or information about the width or height of the coding unit corresponding to the difference between the coordinates. By using, the coding unit 620b positioned in the center may be determined.
- the information indicating the position of the sample 630a at the upper left of the upper coding unit 620a may indicate (xa, ya) coordinates, and the sample 530b at the upper left of the middle coding unit 620b.
- the information indicating the position of) may indicate the (xb, yb) coordinates, and the information indicating the position of the sample 630c on the upper left of the lower coding unit 620c may indicate the (xc, yc) coordinates.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the center coding unit 620b using the coordinates of the samples 630a, 630b, and 630c in the upper left included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, respectively.
- the coordinates indicating the positions of the samples 630a, 630b, and 630c in the upper left corner may indicate coordinates representing the absolute positions in the picture, and further, the positions of the samples 630a in the upper left corner of the upper coding unit 620a.
- the (dxb, dyb) coordinate which is the information indicating the relative position of the upper left sample 630b of the middle coding unit 620b, and the relative position of the upper left sample 630c of the lower coding unit 620c.
- Information (dxc, dyc) coordinates can also be used.
- the method of determining the coding unit of a predetermined position by using the coordinates of the sample as information indicating the position of the sample included in the coding unit should not be interpreted to be limited to the above-described method, and various arithmetic operations that can use the coordinates of the sample are available. It should be interpreted in a way.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current coding unit 600 into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, and may select one of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the coding unit may be selected according to the standard. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may select coding units 620b having different sizes from among coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may have (xa, ya) coordinates, which are information indicating a position of a sample 630a on the upper left side of the upper coding unit 620a, and a sample on the upper left side of the center coding unit 620b.
- 620b, 620c may determine the width or height of each.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses (xa, ya), (xb, yb), and (xc, yc) coordinates indicating the positions of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. , 620c) may determine the size of each. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the upper coding unit 620a as the width of the current coding unit 600. The image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the upper coding unit 620a as yb-ya. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the central coding unit 620b as the width of the current coding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the center coding unit 620b as yc-yb. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width or height of the lower coding unit using the width or height of the current coding unit, and the width and height of the upper coding unit 620a and the center coding unit 620b. . The image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a different size from other coding units based on the widths and the heights of the determined coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. Referring to FIG.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 620b as a coding unit having a predetermined position while having a size different from that of the upper coding unit 620a and the lower coding unit 620c.
- the coding unit at a predetermined position may be determined using the size of the coding unit determined based on the sample coordinates.
- various processes of determining a coding unit at a predetermined position by comparing the sizes of coding units determined according to predetermined sample coordinates may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 has (xd, yd) coordinates, which is information indicating the position of the upper left sample 670a of the left coding unit 660a, and the position of the upper left sample 670b of the middle coding unit 660b. Coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c using (xe, ye) coordinates indicating information and (xf, yf) coordinates indicating information of the position of the sample 670c on the upper left side of the right coding unit 660c. Each width or height can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses (xd, yd), (xe, ye), and (xf, yf) coordinates representing the positions of the coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. , 660c) may determine the size of each.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the left coding unit 660a as xe-xd.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the left coding unit 660a as the height of the current coding unit 650.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the central coding unit 660b as xf-xe.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the center coding unit 660b as the height of the current coding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a width or a height of the right coding unit 660c, a width or a height of the current coding unit 650, and a width and a height of the left coding unit 660a and the center coding unit 660b. Can be determined using.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a different size from other coding units based on the widths and the heights of the determined coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. Referring to FIG. 6, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 660b as a coding unit at a predetermined position while having a size different from that of the left coding unit 660a and the right coding unit 660c.
- the coding unit at a predetermined position may be determined using the size of the coding unit determined based on the sample coordinates.
- various processes of determining a coding unit at a predetermined position by comparing the sizes of coding units determined according to predetermined sample coordinates may be used.
- the position of the sample to be considered for determining the position of the coding unit should not be interpreted as being limited to the upper left side described above, but may be interpreted that information on the position of any sample included in the coding unit may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select a coding unit of a predetermined position among odd-numbered coding units determined by dividing the current coding unit in consideration of the shape of the current coding unit. For example, if the current coding unit has a non-square shape having a width greater than the height, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding unit at a predetermined position along the horizontal direction. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one of the coding units having different positions in the horizontal direction to limit the corresponding coding unit. If the current coding unit has a non-square shape having a height greater than the width, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit of a predetermined position in the vertical direction. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one of the coding units having different positions in the vertical direction to limit the corresponding coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use information indicating the positions of each of the even coding units to determine the coding unit of the predetermined position among the even coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an even number of coding units by dividing a current coding unit (binary splitting or binary splitting) and determine a coding unit of a predetermined position by using information about the positions of the even coding units. Can be.
- a detailed process for this may be a process corresponding to a process of determining a coding unit of a predetermined position (for example, a middle position) among the odd number of coding units described above with reference to FIG. 6.
- a predetermined value for a coding unit of a predetermined position in the splitting process is determined to determine a coding unit of a predetermined position among the plurality of coding units.
- Information is available.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine block shape information and a split shape stored in a sample included in a middle coding unit in a splitting process in order to determine a coding unit located in a center among coding units in which a current coding unit is divided into a plurality. At least one of the information about the mode may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the current coding unit 600 into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on at least one of block shape information and information about a split mode.
- the coding unit 620b located in the center of the plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding unit 620b positioned in the center in consideration of a position where at least one of the block shape information and the split mode mode is obtained. That is, at least one of the block shape information of the current coding unit 600 and the information about the split mode may be obtained from a sample 640 positioned in the center of the current coding unit 600.
- predetermined information for identifying a coding unit of a predetermined position may be obtained from a predetermined sample included in the coding unit to be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a current coding unit 600 into a plurality of coding units (eg, divided into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c) determined by splitting the current coding unit 600.
- Block shape information obtained from a sample at a predetermined position for example, a sample located in the center of the current coding unit 600
- At least one of the information about the split mode may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a sample of the predetermined position in consideration of the block shape of the current coding unit 600, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of pieces in which the current coding unit 600 is divided and determined.
- a coding unit 620b including a sample from which predetermined information (for example, at least one of block shape information and split shape mode) may be obtained may be obtained. Can be determined to place certain restrictions.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a sample 640 positioned in the center of the current coding unit 600 as a sample from which predetermined information may be obtained.
- the 100 may set a predetermined limit in the decoding process of the coding unit 620b including the sample 640.
- the position of the sample from which the predetermined information can be obtained should not be interpreted as being limited to the above-described position, but may be interpreted as samples of arbitrary positions included in the coding unit 620b to be determined for the purpose of limitation.
- a position of a sample from which predetermined information may be obtained may be determined according to the shape of the current coding unit 600.
- the block shape information may determine whether the shape of the current coding unit is square or non-square, and determine the position of a sample from which the predetermined information may be obtained according to the shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be positioned on a boundary that divides at least one of the width and the height of the current coding unit in half using at least one of information about the width and the height of the current coding unit.
- the sample may be determined as a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select one of samples adjacent to a boundary that divides the long side of the current coding unit in half. May be determined as a sample from which information may be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current coding unit into a plurality of coding units, in order to determine a coding unit of a predetermined position among the plurality of coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the block shape information and the split shape mode. At least one of the information may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain at least one of block shape information and information about a split shape mode from a sample at a predetermined position included in a coding unit, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may currently encode A plurality of coding units generated by dividing a unit may be divided by using at least one of information about a split mode and block shape information obtained from a sample at a predetermined position included in each of the plurality of coding units. That is, the coding unit may be recursively split using at least one of the block shape information and the split mode mode obtained from the sample of the predetermined position included in each coding unit. Since the recursive division process of the coding unit has been described above with reference to FIG. 5, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit, and determine an order in which the at least one coding unit is decoded in a predetermined block (for example, the current coding unit). Can be determined according to
- FIG. 7 illustrates an order in which a plurality of coding units are processed when the image decoding apparatus 100 determines a plurality of coding units by dividing a current coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the second coding units 710a and 710b by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction according to the block shape information and the information about the split shape mode.
- the first coding unit 700 may be divided in the horizontal direction to determine the second coding units 730a and 730b, or the first coding unit 700 may be divided in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction to determine the second coding units 750a, 750b and 750c. , 750d).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an order such that the second coding units 710a and 710b determined by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction are processed in the horizontal direction 710c. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a processing order of the second coding units 730a and 730b determined by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the horizontal direction, in the vertical direction 730c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 processes the coding units for positioning the second coding units 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d determined by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, in one row.
- the coding units located in the next row may be determined according to a predetermined order (for example, raster scan order or z scan order 750e).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively split coding units. Referring to FIG. 7, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d by dividing the first coding unit 700. Each of the plurality of determined coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be recursively divided.
- the method of splitting the plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be a method corresponding to the method of splitting the first coding unit 700. Accordingly, the plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be independently divided into a plurality of coding units. Referring to FIG. 7, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second coding units 710a and 710b by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction, and further, respectively, the second coding units 710a and 710b. It can be decided to split independently or not.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the second coding unit 710a on the left side into horizontal units and split the second coding unit 710a into third coding units 720a and 720b, and the second coding unit 710b on the right side. ) May not be divided.
- the processing order of coding units may be determined based on a split process of the coding units.
- the processing order of the divided coding units may be determined based on the processing order of the coding units immediately before being split.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may independently determine the order in which the third coding units 720a and 720b determined by splitting the second coding unit 710a on the left side from the second coding unit 710b on the right side. Since the second coding unit 710a on the left is divided in the horizontal direction to determine the third coding units 720a and 720b, the third coding units 720a and 720b may be processed in the vertical direction 720c.
- the right coding unit 710b may be processed.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a process of determining that a current coding unit is divided into an odd number of coding units when the image decoding apparatus 100 may not process the coding units in a predetermined order, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the current coding unit is divided into odd coding units based on the obtained block shape information and the information about the split shape mode.
- a first coding unit 800 having a square shape may be divided into second coding units 810a and 810b having a non-square shape, and each of the second coding units 810a and 810b may be independently formed. It may be divided into three coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of third coding units 820a and 820b by dividing the left coding unit 810a in the horizontal direction among the second coding units, and may include the right coding unit 810b. ) May be divided into odd third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines whether the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e may be processed in a predetermined order to determine whether there are oddly divided coding units. You can decide. Referring to FIG. 8, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e by recursively dividing the first coding unit 800.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a first coding unit 800, a second coding unit 810a, and 810b, or a third coding unit 820a and 820b based on at least one of block shape information and information about a split mode.
- coding units positioned on the right side of the second coding units 810a and 810b may be divided into odd third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the order in which the plurality of coding units included in the first coding unit 800 is processed may be a predetermined order (for example, a z-scan order 830). 100 may determine whether the third coding unit 820c, 820d, or 820e determined by splitting the right second coding unit 810b into an odd number satisfies a condition that may be processed according to the predetermined order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may satisfy a condition that the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e included in the first coding unit 800 may be processed in a predetermined order. And whether the at least one of the width and the height of the second coding unit 810a, 810b is divided in half according to the boundary of the third coding unit 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, or 820e.
- the third coding units 820a and 820b determined by dividing the height of the left second coding unit 810a of the non-square shape in half may satisfy the condition.
- Boundaries of the third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e determined by dividing the right second coding unit 810b into three coding units may not divide the width or height of the right second coding unit 810b in half. Therefore, it may be determined that the third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e do not satisfy the condition. In case of such a condition dissatisfaction, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the scan order is disconnected, and determine that the right second coding unit 810b is divided into odd coding units based on the determination result.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into an odd number of coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may set a predetermined limit on a coding unit of a predetermined position among the divided coding units. Since the above has been described through the embodiments, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG 9 illustrates a process of determining, by the image decoding apparatus 100, at least one coding unit by dividing the first coding unit 900 according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 900 based on at least one of block shape information obtained through a receiver (not shown) and information on a split shape mode.
- the first coding unit 900 having a square shape may be divided into coding units having four square shapes, or may be divided into a plurality of coding units having a non-square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include the first.
- One coding unit 900 may be divided into a plurality of non-square coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may encode the first encoding having a square shape.
- the unit 900 may be divided into second coding units 910a, 910b, and 910c determined by being split in the vertical direction as odd coding units, or second coding units 920a, 920b, and 920c determined by being split in the horizontal direction. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may process the second coding units 910a, 910b, 910c, 920a, 920b, and 920c included in the first coding unit 900 in a predetermined order.
- the condition is whether the at least one of the width and height of the first coding unit 900 is divided in half according to the boundary of the second coding unit (910a, 910b, 910c, 920a, 920b, 920c). It is related to whether or not. Referring to FIG. 9, the boundary between the second coding units 910a, 910b, and 910c, which is determined by dividing the first coding unit 900 having a square shape in the vertical direction, divides the width of the first coding unit 900 in half.
- the first coding unit 900 may be determined to not satisfy a condition that may be processed in a predetermined order. Also, since the boundary between the second coding units 920a, 920b, and 920c, which is determined by dividing the first coding unit 900 having a square shape in the horizontal direction, does not divide the width of the first coding unit 900 in half, The one coding unit 900 may be determined as not satisfying a condition that may be processed in a predetermined order. In case of such a condition dissatisfaction, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the scan order is disconnected, and determine that the first coding unit 900 is divided into odd coding units based on the determination result.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into an odd number of coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may set a predetermined limit on a coding unit of a predetermined position among the divided coding units. Since the above has been described through the embodiments, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine various coding units by dividing the first coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split a first coding unit 900 having a square shape and a first coding unit 930 or 950 having a non-square shape into various coding units. .
- FIG. 10 illustrates that a second coding unit is split when a second coding unit having a non-square shape determined by splitting the first coding unit 1000 according to an embodiment satisfies a predetermined condition. It shows that the form that can be limited.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may de-square the first coding unit 1000 having a square shape based on at least one of block shape information obtained through a receiver (not shown) and information on a split shape mode. It may be determined by dividing into second coding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b having a square shape. The second coding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b may be independently divided. Accordingly, the image decoding apparatus 100 may not split or split the plurality of coding units into a plurality of coding units based on at least one of the block shape information and the split mode mode associated with each of the second coding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the left second coding unit 1010a having a non-square shape in a horizontal direction by splitting the first coding unit 1000 in a vertical direction to form a third coding unit ( 1012a, 1012b) can be determined.
- the right second coding unit 1010b may have the same horizontal direction as the direction in which the left second coding unit 1010a is divided. It can be limited to not be divided into.
- the left second coding unit 1010a and the right second coding unit 1010b are each horizontally.
- the third coding units 1012a, 1012b, 1014a, and 1014b may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 sets the first coding unit 1000 in four square second coding units 1030a, 1030b, 1030c, and 1030d based on at least one of the block shape information and the split mode mode. This is the same result as dividing by), which may be inefficient in terms of image decoding.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits a second coding unit 1020a or 1020b of a non-square shape, determined by dividing the first coding unit 1000 in a horizontal direction, into a third coding unit. 1022a, 1022b, 1024a, and 1024b can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides one of the second coding units (for example, the upper second coding unit 1020a) in the vertical direction
- another image coding unit for example, the lower end
- the coding unit 1020b may restrict the upper second coding unit 1020a from being split in the vertical direction in the same direction as the split direction.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a process of splitting a coding unit having a square shape by the image decoding apparatus 100 when the information about the split mode may not be divided into four square coding units according to an embodiment. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1100 based on at least one of the block shape information and the information about the split shape mode, and thus the second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, and 1120b. Etc.).
- the information about the split mode may include information about various types in which a coding unit may be split, but the information on various types may not include information for splitting into 4 coding units having a square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may not divide the first coding unit 1100 having a square shape into the second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d having four square shapes. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the non-square second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, and the like based on the information about the partitioned mode.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may independently split the non-square second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, and the like.
- Each of the second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, and the like may be split in a predetermined order through a recursive method, which is based on at least one of block shape information and information on a split shape mode. It may be a division method corresponding to the division method of the unit 1100.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the left second coding unit 1110a into the horizontal direction to determine the third coding units 1112a and 1112b having a square shape, and the right second coding unit 1110b may The third coding units 1114a and 1114b having a square shape may be determined by being split in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the left second coding unit 1110a and the right second coding unit 1110b in the horizontal direction to determine the third coding units 1116a, 1116b, 1116c, and 1116d having a square shape. have. In this case, the coding unit may be determined in the same form as that in which the first coding unit 1100 is divided into four second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the third coding units 1122a and 1122b having a square shape by dividing the upper second coding unit 1120a in the vertical direction, and the lower second coding unit 1120b. ) May be divided in the vertical direction to determine the third coding units 1124a and 1124b having a square shape. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the upper second coding unit 1120a and the lower second coding unit 1120b in the vertical direction to determine the third coding units 1126a, 1126b, 1126a, and 1126b having a square shape. have. In this case, the coding unit may be determined in the same form as that in which the first coding unit 1100 is divided into four second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- FIG. 12 illustrates that a processing order between a plurality of coding units may vary according to a splitting process of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 1200 based on the block shape information and the information about the split shape mode.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may perform first encoding.
- a second coding unit (eg, 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, 1220b, etc.) may be determined by dividing the unit 1200. Referring to FIG.
- non-square second coding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b which are determined by dividing the first coding unit 1200 in only the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, respectively, may include block shape information and a split mode mode for each. It can be split independently based on the information about.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second coding units 1210a and 1210b generated by splitting the first coding unit 1200 in the vertical direction in the horizontal direction, respectively, to generate the third coding units 1216a and 1216b, 1216c and 1216d, and the second coding units 1220a and 1220b generated by dividing the first coding unit 1200 in the horizontal direction are divided in the horizontal direction, respectively, and the third coding units 1226a, 1226b and 1226c. 1226d). Since the splitting process of the second coding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b has been described above with reference to FIG. 11, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may process coding units in a predetermined order. Features of the processing of coding units according to a predetermined order have been described above with reference to FIG. 7, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. Referring to FIG. 12, the image decoding apparatus 100 splits a first coding unit 1200 having a square shape to form three square third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d. ) Can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs a processing sequence of the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d according to a form in which the first coding unit 1200 is divided. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, and 1216d by dividing the second coding units 1210a and 1210b generated by dividing in the vertical direction in the horizontal direction, respectively.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may first process the third coding units 1216a and 1216c included in the left second coding unit 1210a in the vertical direction, and then include the right second coding unit 1210b.
- the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, and 1216d may be processed according to an order 1217 of processing the third coding units 1216b and 1216d in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding units 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d by dividing the second coding units 1220a and 1220b generated by dividing in the horizontal direction in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may first process the third coding units 1226a and 1226b included in the upper second coding unit 1220a in the horizontal direction, and then include the lower coding unit 1220b.
- the third coding units 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d may be processed according to an order 1227 of processing the third coding units 1226c and 1226d in the horizontal direction.
- second coding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b may be divided, respectively, and square third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d may be determined. have.
- the second coding units 1210a and 1210b that are determined by being split in the vertical direction and the second coding units 1220a and 1220b that are determined by being split in the horizontal direction are divided into different forms, but are determined afterwards.
- 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d may result in the first coding unit 1200 being split into coding units having the same shape.
- the apparatus 100 for decoding an image recursively splits a coding unit through a different process based on at least one of block shape information and information on a split shape mode, and thus determines coding units having the same shape.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a process of determining a depth of a coding unit as a shape and a size of a coding unit change when a coding unit is recursively divided to determine a plurality of coding units according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the depth of a coding unit according to a predetermined criterion.
- the predetermined criterion may be the length of the long side of the coding unit.
- the depth of the current coding unit is greater than the depth of the coding unit before the split. It can be determined that the depth is increased by n.
- a coding unit having an increased depth is expressed as a coding unit of a lower depth.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may have a square shape based on block shape information indicating that the shape is square (for example, block shape information may indicate '0: SQUARE').
- the first coding unit 1300 may be divided to determine a second coding unit 1302, a third coding unit 1304, or the like of a lower depth.
- the second coding unit 1302 determined by dividing the width and height of the first coding unit 1300 by 1/2 times may have a size of NxN. have.
- the third coding unit 1304 determined by dividing the width and the height of the second coding unit 1302 into half the size may have a size of N / 2 ⁇ N / 2.
- the width and height of the third coding unit 1304 correspond to 1/4 times the first coding unit 1300.
- the depth of the first coding unit 1300 is D
- the depth of the second coding unit 1302, which is 1/2 the width and height of the first coding unit 1300 may be D + 1
- the first coding unit may be the first coding unit 1300.
- the depth of the third coding unit 1304, which is 1/4 of the width and the height of 1300, may be D + 2.
- block shape information indicating a non-square shape (e.g., block shape information indicates that the height is a non-square longer than the width '1: NS_VER' or the width is a non-square longer than the height).
- 2: may represent NS_HOR ', the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the first coding unit 1310 or 1320 having a non-square shape to form a second coding unit 1312 or 1322 of a lower depth, The third coding unit 1314 or 1324 may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second coding unit (eg, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.) by dividing at least one of a width and a height of the Nx2N size of the first coding unit 1310. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 1310 in the horizontal direction to determine a second coding unit 1302 having an NxN size or a second coding unit 1322 having an NxN / 2 size.
- the second coding unit 1312 having the size of N / 2 ⁇ N may be determined by splitting in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines at least one of a width and a height of a 2N ⁇ N first coding unit 1320 to determine a second coding unit (eg, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.). It may be. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 1320 in the vertical direction to determine a second coding unit 1302 having an NxN size or a second coding unit 1312 having an N / 2xN size.
- the second coding unit 1322 having the size of NxN / 2 may be determined by splitting in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines at least one of a width and a height of the NxN-sized second coding unit 1302 to determine a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.). It may be. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding unit 1304 having the size of N / 2xN / 2 by dividing the second coding unit 1302 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, or makes the N / 4xN / 2 sized product. The third coding unit 1314 or the third coding unit 1324 having a size of N / 2 ⁇ N / 4 may be determined.
- a third coding unit eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides at least one of a width and a height of the N / 2 ⁇ N sized second coding unit 1312 to form a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.). May be determined. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second coding unit 1312 in the horizontal direction, so that the third coding unit 1304 having the size of N / 2xN / 2 or the third coding unit 1324 having the size of N / 2xN / 4 is provided. ) May be determined or divided into vertical and horizontal directions to determine the third coding unit 1314 having an N / 4xN / 2 size.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits at least one of a width and a height of the NxN / 2-sized second coding unit 1322 to form a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.). May be determined. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second coding unit 1322 in the vertical direction to form a third coding unit 1304 having an N / 2 ⁇ N / 2 size or a third coding unit 1314 having an N / 4xN / 2 size. ) May be determined or divided into the vertical direction and the horizontal direction to determine the third coding unit 1324 having an N / 2 ⁇ N / 4 size.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a square coding unit (for example, 1300, 1302, 1304) into a horizontal direction or a vertical direction.
- a square coding unit for example, 1300, 1302, 1304
- the first coding unit 1300 having a size of 2Nx2N is split in the vertical direction to determine the first coding unit 1310 having the size of Nx2N, or the first coding unit 1320 having a size of 2NxN is determined by splitting in the horizontal direction.
- the depth of the coding unit determined by dividing the first coding unit 1300 having a 2N ⁇ 2N size in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction is determined by the first encoding. It may be equal to the depth of the unit 1300.
- the width and height of the third coding unit 1314 or 1324 may correspond to 1/4 times the first coding unit 1310 or 1320.
- the depth of the second coding unit 1312 or 1322 which is 1/2 the width and height of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320, may be D + 1.
- the depth of the third coding unit 1314 or 1324 which is 1/4 of the width and the height of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320, may be D + 2.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a depth and a part index (PID) for distinguishing a coding unit, which may be determined according to the shape and size of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- PID depth and a part index
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second coding unit having various forms by dividing the first coding unit 1400 having a square shape. Referring to FIG. 14, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1400 in at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction according to the information on the split mode mode, and thus the second coding units 1402a and 1402b. , 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d). That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d based on the information about the split mode mode for the first coding unit 1400. Can be.
- the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d that are determined according to the information about the split mode for the first coding unit 1400 having a square shape are long. Depth may be determined based on the length of the sides. For example, since the length of one side of the first coding unit 1400 having a square shape and the length of the long side of the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a and 1404b of a non-square shape are the same, the first coding unit ( 1400 and the non-square second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, and 1404b may be regarded as D.
- the square is square. Since the length of one side of the second coding unit 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d of the form is 1/2 times the length of one side of the first coding unit 1400, the second coding unit 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d ) May be a depth of D + 1 that is one depth lower than D, which is the depth of the first coding unit 1400.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1410 having a shape whose height is greater than the width in the horizontal direction according to the information about the split mode, and thus, the plurality of second coding units 1412a and 1412b. , 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1420 having a shape having a width greater than the height in a vertical direction according to the information about the split mode, and thus, the plurality of second coding units 1422a and 1422b. , 1424a, 1424b, and 1424c).
- the second coding units 1412a, 1412b, 1414a, 1414b, 1414c, 1422a, 1422b which are determined according to the information about the split mode mode for the first coding unit 1410 or 1420 of the non-square shape
- Depths 1424a, 1424b, and 1424c may be determined based on the length of the long side. For example, since the length of one side of the second coding units 1412a and 1412b having a square shape is 1/2 times the length of one side of the first coding unit 1410 having a non-square shape having a height greater than the width, the square is square.
- the depths of the second coding units 1412a and 1412b of the shape are D + 1, which is one depth lower than the depth D of the first coding unit 1410 of the non-square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the non-square first coding unit 1410 into odd second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c based on the information about the split mode.
- the odd numbered second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c may include non-square second coding units 1414a and 1414c and square shape second coding units 1414b.
- the length of the long side of the second coding units 1414a and 1414c of the non-square shape and the length of one side of the second coding unit 1414b of the square shape is 1 / time of the length of one side of the first coding unit 1410.
- the depths of the second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c may be a depth of D + 1 that is one depth lower than the depth D of the first coding unit 1410.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 corresponds to the above-described method of determining depths of coding units associated with the first coding unit 1410 and is related to the first coding unit 1420 having a non-square shape having a width greater than the height. Depth of coding units may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size ratio between the coding units.
- the index can be determined based on this. Referring to FIG. 14, a coding unit 1414b positioned at the center of odd-numbered split coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c has the same width as the other coding units 1414a and 1414c but has a different height. It may be twice the height of the fields 1414a, 1414c. That is, in this case, the coding unit 1414b located in the center may include two of the other coding units 1414a and 1414c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether odd-numbered split coding units are not the same size based on whether there is a discontinuity of an index for distinguishing between the divided coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into a specific division type based on a value of an index for dividing the plurality of coding units determined by dividing from the current coding unit. Referring to FIG. 14, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines an even number of coding units 1412a and 1412b by dividing a first coding unit 1410 having a rectangular shape having a height greater than a width, or an odd number of coding units 1414a and 1414b. 1414c). The image decoding apparatus 100 may use an index (PID) indicating each coding unit to distinguish each of the plurality of coding units. According to an embodiment, the PID may be obtained from a sample (eg, an upper left sample) at a predetermined position of each coding unit.
- a sample eg, an upper left sample
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit of a predetermined position among coding units determined by splitting by using an index for dividing coding units. According to an embodiment, when the information about the split mode mode of the first coding unit 1410 having a height greater than the width is divided into three coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the first coding unit ( 1410 may be divided into three coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c. The image decoding apparatus 100 may allocate an index for each of three coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c. The image decoding apparatus 100 may compare the indices of the respective coding units to determine the coding unit among the oddly divided coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes a coding unit 1414b having an index corresponding to a center value among the indices based on the indexes of the coding units, and encodes the center position among the coding units determined by splitting the first coding unit 1410. It can be determined as a unit. According to an embodiment, when determining the indexes for distinguishing the divided coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the indexes based on the size ratio between the coding units when the coding units are not the same size. . Referring to FIG. 14, the coding unit 1414b generated by dividing the first coding unit 1410 may include the coding units 1414a and 1414c having the same width but different heights as the other coding units 1414a and 1414c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into a plurality of coding units including coding units having different sizes from other coding units. For example, when the information about the split mode is divided into odd coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may have a coding unit (for example, a middle coding unit) having a predetermined position different from that of other odd coding units. The current coding unit may be divided into different sizes.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a different size by using an index (PID) for the coding unit.
- PID index
- the above-described index, the size or position of the coding unit of the predetermined position to be determined are specific to explain an embodiment and should not be construed as being limited thereto. Various indexes and positions and sizes of the coding unit may be used. Should be interpreted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use a predetermined data unit at which recursive division of coding units begins.
- FIG. 15 illustrates that a plurality of coding units are determined according to a plurality of predetermined data units included in a picture according to an embodiment.
- the predetermined data unit may be defined as a data unit in which a coding unit starts to be recursively divided using at least one of block type information and information about a split type mode. That is, it may correspond to the coding unit of the highest depth used in the process of determining a plurality of coding units for dividing the current picture.
- a predetermined data unit will be referred to as a reference data unit.
- the reference data unit may represent a predetermined size and shape.
- the reference coding unit may include samples of M ⁇ N. M and N may be the same as each other, and may be an integer represented by a multiplier of two. That is, the reference data unit may represent a square or non-square shape, and then may be divided into integer coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current picture into a plurality of reference data units. According to an exemplary embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a plurality of reference data units for dividing a current picture using information on a split mode mode for each reference data unit. The division process of the reference data unit may correspond to the division process using a quad-tree structure.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may predetermine the minimum size of the reference data unit included in the current picture. Accordingly, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a reference data unit of various sizes having a size greater than or equal to a minimum size, and use at least one of the block shape information and the split mode mode based on the determined reference data unit. Coding units may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use a reference coding unit 1500 having a square shape, or may use a reference coding unit 1502 having a non-square shape.
- the shape and size of the reference coding unit may include various data units (eg, a sequence, a picture, a slice, and a slice segment) that may include at least one reference coding unit. slice segment, tile, tile group, maximum coding unit, etc.).
- the receiver (not shown) of the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain at least one of information about the shape of a reference coding unit and information about the size of the reference coding unit from the bitstream for each of the various data units. have.
- the process of determining at least one coding unit included in the reference coding unit 1500 having a square shape is described above by splitting the current coding unit 300 of FIG. 3, and the reference coding unit having a non-square shape 1502. Since the process of determining at least one coding unit included in the above) is described above through the process of splitting the current coding unit 400 or 450 of FIG. 4, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size and shape of the reference coding unit in order to determine the size and shape of the reference coding unit according to some data unit predetermined based on a predetermined condition.
- a receiver (not shown) may determine a predetermined condition among the various data units (eg, sequence, picture, slice, slice segment, tile, tile group, maximum coding unit, etc.) from the bitstream.
- the size and shape of the reference coding unit may be determined for each slice, slice segment, tile, tile group, and maximum coding unit. Only indexes for identification can be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size and shape of the reference data unit for each data unit satisfying the predetermined condition by using the index.
- the use efficiency of the bitstream may not be good, and thus the shape of the reference coding unit
- only the index may be obtained and used.
- at least one of the size and shape of the reference coding unit corresponding to the index indicating the size and shape of the reference coding unit may be predetermined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 selects at least one of the predetermined size and shape of the reference coding unit according to the index, thereby selecting at least one of the size and shape of the reference coding unit included in the data unit that is the reference for obtaining the index. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use at least one reference coding unit included in one maximum coding unit. That is, at least one reference coding unit may be included in the maximum coding unit for dividing an image, and the coding unit may be determined through a recursive division process of each reference coding unit. According to an embodiment, at least one of the width and the height of the maximum coding unit may correspond to an integer multiple of at least one of the width and the height of the reference coding unit. According to an embodiment, the size of the reference coding unit may be a size obtained by dividing the maximum coding unit n times according to a quad tree structure.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the reference coding unit by dividing the maximum coding unit n times according to the quad tree structure, and the reference coding unit according to various embodiments may include information about the block shape information and the split shape mode. The division may be performed based on at least one of the following.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram of a processing block serving as a reference for determining a determination order of a reference coding unit included in a picture 1600, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one processing block for dividing a picture.
- the processing block is a data unit including at least one reference coding unit for dividing an image, and the at least one reference coding unit included in the processing block may be determined in a specific order. That is, the determination order of at least one reference coding unit determined in each processing block may correspond to one of various types of order in which the reference coding unit may be determined, and the reference coding unit determination order determined in each processing block. May be different per processing block.
- the order of determination of the reference coding units determined for each processing block is raster scan, Z-scan, N-scan, up-right diagonal scan, and horizontal scan. It may be one of various orders such as a horizontal scan, a vertical scan, etc., but the order that may be determined should not be construed as being limited to the scan orders.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of at least one processing block included in the image by obtaining information about the size of the processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of at least one processing block included in the image by obtaining information about the size of the processing block from the bitstream.
- the size of such a processing block may be a predetermined size of a data unit indicated by the information about the size of the processing block.
- the receiver (not shown) of the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a size of a processing block from a bitstream for each specific data unit.
- the information about the size of the processing block may be obtained from the bitstream in data units such as an image, a sequence, a picture, a slice, and a slice segment. That is, the receiver (not shown) may obtain information about the size of the processing block from the bitstream for each of the various data units, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the picture using the obtained information about the size of the processing block.
- the size of at least one processing block may be determined, and the size of the processing block may be an integer multiple of the reference coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the sizes of the processing blocks 1602 and 1612 included in the picture 1600. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the processing block based on the information about the size of the processing block obtained from the bitstream. Referring to FIG. 16, according to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may have a horizontal size of the processing blocks 1602 and 1612 equal to four times the horizontal size of the reference coding unit and four times the vertical size of the reference coding unit. You can decide. The image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an order in which at least one reference coding unit is determined in at least one processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine each processing block 1602 and 1612 included in the picture 1600 based on the size of the processing block, and include the processing block 1602 and 1612 in the processing block 1602 and 1612.
- a determination order of at least one reference coding unit may be determined.
- the determination of the reference coding unit may include the determination of the size of the reference coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a determination order of at least one reference coding unit included in at least one processing block from a bitstream, and based on the obtained determination order The order in which at least one reference coding unit is determined may be determined.
- the information about the determination order may be defined in an order or direction in which reference coding units are determined in the processing block. That is, the order in which the reference coding units are determined may be independently determined for each processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a determination order of a reference coding unit from a bitstream for each specific data unit.
- the receiver (not shown) converts information about a determination order of the reference coding unit into data units such as an image, a sequence, a picture, a slice, a slice segment, a tile, a tile group, and a processing block. Can be obtained from the bitstream every time. Since the information about the determination order of the reference coding unit indicates the determination order of the reference coding unit in the processing block, the information about the determination order may be obtained for each specific data unit including an integer number of processing blocks.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one reference coding unit based on the order determined according to the embodiment.
- the receiver may obtain information about a reference coding unit determination order from the bitstream as information related to the processing blocks 1602 and 1612, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may process the processing block.
- An order of determining at least one reference coding unit included in 1602 and 1612 may be determined, and at least one reference coding unit included in the picture 1600 may be determined according to the determination order of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine determination orders 1604 and 1614 of at least one reference coding unit associated with each processing block 1602 and 1612. For example, when information on the determination order of the reference coding unit is obtained for each processing block, the reference coding unit determination order associated with each processing block 1602 and 1612 may be different for each processing block.
- the reference coding units included in the processing block 1602 may be determined according to the raster scan order.
- the reference coding unit determination order 1614 associated with another processing block 1612 is the reverse order of the raster scan order
- the reference coding units included in the processing block 1612 may be determined according to the reverse order of the raster scan order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode at least one determined reference coding unit according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode an image based on the reference coding unit determined through the above-described embodiment.
- the method of decoding the reference coding unit may include various methods of decoding an image.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain and use block shape information indicating a shape of a current coding unit or information about a split shape mode indicating a method of dividing a current coding unit from a bitstream.
- the block type information or the information about the split type mode may be included in a bitstream associated with various data units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a video parameter set, a slice header, and a slice segment header. Block shape information included in a segment header, a tile header, a tile group header, or information about a split mode may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain and use a syntax element corresponding to the block shape information or the information about the split shape mode from the bit stream from each bit coding unit, the reference coding unit, and the processing block.
- An image encoding apparatus, an image decoding apparatus, an image encoding method, and an image decoding method for encoding or decoding an image based on various types of coding units according to various embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 20.
- 17 and 18 are diagrams for describing a method of not allowing division into chroma blocks having a predetermined size or less according to a division tree type according to various embodiments.
- 17A to 17B are diagrams for describing a method of not allowing division into chroma blocks having a predetermined size or less when a split tree type is a single tree according to various embodiments.
- 17A is a diagram for describing a method of not allowing division of a chroma block having a predetermined size or less when a split tree type is a single tree according to an embodiment.
- a tree structure of coding units of a luma image and a tree structure of coding units of a chroma image may be determined according to a tree structure of one coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may binary divide the luma block 1705 and the corresponding chroma block 1710 in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the minimum allowable size of the luma block as 4 ⁇ 4, and the size of the block 1715 to be binary-divided in the vertical direction is larger than the minimum allowable size of the luma block. 100 may binary divide the luma block 1705 in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the minimum allowable size of the chroma block as 4 ⁇ 4, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may be binary divided in the vertical direction and thus the size of the block to be generated is smaller than the minimum allowable size of the chroma block. It may be determined that the chroma block 1710 is not divided.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may binary divide the luma block 1715 and the corresponding chroma block 1710 in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the minimum allowable size of the luma block as 4 ⁇ 4, and the size of the block 1720 to be generated by being binary divided in the horizontal direction is the same as the minimum allowable size of the luma block. 100 may binary divide the luma block 1715 in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the minimum allowable size of the chroma block as 4x4, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may be binary divided in the horizontal direction so that the size of the block to be generated is smaller than the minimum allowable size of the chroma block. It may be determined that the chroma block is no longer divided.
- 17B is a diagram for describing a method of not allowing division into chroma blocks having a predetermined size or less when a split tree type is a single tree according to an embodiment.
- 17B is a diagram for describing a method of not allowing division into a chroma block having a predetermined size or less when a split tree type is a single tree according to another embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may tri split the luma block 1755 and the corresponding chroma block 1760 in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the minimum allowable width of the luma block to be 16, and the width of the block 1765 to be tri-divided in the vertical direction to be generated is greater than or equal to the minimum allowable width of the luma block.
- the decoding apparatus 100 may tri split the luma block 1755 in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the minimum allowable width of the chroma block to be 16, and since the width of the block to be tri-divided in the vertical direction is smaller than the minimum allowable width of the chroma block, the image decoding apparatus 100 May determine not to split the chroma block 1760.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for describing a method of not allowing division of a chroma block having a predetermined size or less when a split tree type is a dual tree, according to an embodiment.
- a tree structure of coding units of a luma image and a tree structure of coding units of a chroma image may be separately determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a minimum allowable size of a chroma block as 4 ⁇ 4, and may be divided and generated from the chroma blocks 1800, 1810, 1820, and 1825 according to a specific division type. Since the size is smaller than 4x4, the minimum allowable size of the chroma block, it may be determined that the chroma block 1800 is not partitioned according to the specific partition type.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the generated block according to quad division from the chroma block 1800, and thus the size of a block to be generated is 2 ⁇ 2, which is smaller than the minimum allowable size of 4 ⁇ 4. It may be determined that the chroma block 1800 is not divided according to quad division. In this case, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the size of the block to be divided and generated is smaller than 4x4, the minimum allowable size, based on the size of the chroma block 1800.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines whether the height or width of the chroma block 1800 is less than or equal to 4, and according to the determination result, the size of the block to be divided and generated is 4x4, which is the minimum allowable size. You can decide to be smaller.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the generated block according to the binary division from the chroma block 1810 and generate a size of 4x2 or 2x4, which is smaller than the minimum allowable size of 4x4. Since it is small, it may be determined that the chroma block 1810 is not divided according to the binary division. In this case, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the size of the block to be divided and generated is smaller than 4x4, the minimum allowable size, on the basis of the width of the chroma block 1810.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines whether the area of the chroma block 1810 is smaller than or equal to 16, and according to the determination result, the size of the block to be divided and generated is smaller than 4x4, which is the minimum allowable size. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the chroma blocks 1820 and 1825 according to the tri-segmentation into a block size of 4x2 or 2x4. Since it is smaller than the size 4x4, it may be determined that the chroma blocks 1820 and 1825 are not divided according to tri division.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the size of the block to be divided and generated is smaller than 4x4, the minimum allowable size, on the basis of the widths of the chroma blocks 1820 and 1825. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines whether the widths of the chroma blocks 1820 and 1825 are smaller than or equal to 32, and the size of the block to be divided and generated according to the determination result is 4x4, which is the minimum allowable size. You can decide to be smaller.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may improve throughput at the time of decoding the chroma block by always determining a coding unit of the chroma block to be greater than or equal to the minimum allowable size.
- 19 and 20 are diagrams for describing a method of dividing a block placed at a picture boundary, according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for describing a method of dividing a block placed at a boundary of a picture using a split shape mode based on a boundary direction, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may quadrature block dividing hierarchically by quadrally performing quad segmentation. In this case, a range of the size of a block that may be generated by quad splitting may be determined.
- the apparatus 100 for decoding an image may quadraturely divide a block by performing quad division recursively within a range of a size of a block that may be quad split.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively perform binary division or tri division of blocks generated by quadrature hierarchically.
- the division depth of the binary division or the tri division may be predetermined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively perform binary division or tri division based on a partition depth of a predetermined binary division or tri division from blocks generated by hierarchically quad division.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the image block 1905 from the current block 1905 without obtaining the segmentation mode information from the bitstream.
- the current block 1905 may be divided according to the shape mode.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may binary divide (or tri split) the current block 1905 when the partition type of the allowable current block division type is tri split or binary split.
- the division direction may be determined in the horizontal direction according to the direction of the picture boundary 1910 of the current block 1905.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may quad divide the current block 1910 when the partition type of the allowable partition type mode is not tri-partition or binary-partition.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively divide the current block 1905 until the split block is not positioned on the picture boundary 1910.
- 20A to 20B illustrate a method of dividing a block placed at a boundary of a picture based on whether a minimum block size is obtained when binary dividing a block placed at the boundary of a picture by applying a binary division depth that is allowed according to an exemplary embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating.
- the image decoding apparatus when the size of the current block 2000 is 128x128, the allowable partition type of the current block 2000 is binary partitioning, and the allowable partition depth of the current block 2000 is 3, the image decoding apparatus If the current block 2000 is located on the image boundary 2005 of the current picture, the operation 100 performs binary division based on the first division boundary 2010 and performs binary division based on the second division boundary 2015. Partitioning may be performed, and binary partitioning may be performed based on the third partition boundary 2020. Since the binary division is performed by the binary division depth, the image decoding apparatus 100 may no longer perform the binary division. Therefore, the size of the block 2025 inside the image boundary 2005 determined as the coding unit may be 16x128. However, since the size of the block 2025 determined as the coding unit is not small, the decoding efficiency is lowered when various motion information and pixel value information are included therein.
- the allowable partition type of the current block 2030 is binary partitioning
- the allowable partition depth of the current block 2030 is 3, the image decoding device If 100 is located on the image boundary 2035 of the current picture, the size of the current block 2030 and the allowable dividing depth of the binary partition of the current block are recursively binary-divided from the current block to determine the size of the block to be generated. If the size is less than or equal to the minimum block size (for example, 4x4), the binary partition is performed, and the size of the block generated by recursively binary partitioning from the current block in consideration of the allowed partition depth of the binary partition is the smallest block. If larger than size, quad division may be performed.
- the minimum block size for example, 4x4
- the image decoding apparatus 100 is based on the first partition boundary 2040 because the size of a block generated by recursively binary partitioning from the current block 2030 is larger than the minimum block size in consideration of the allowed partition depth of binary partitioning. As a result, quad splitting may be performed on the current block 2030.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may remove the second dividing boundary 2050. Quad division may be performed for the current block 2045 on the basis.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the third partition boundary 2060 since the size of the block that is binaryly partitioned from the current block 2055 is smaller than or equal to the minimum block size in consideration of the maximum allowable partition depth of the binary partition. As a basis, binary partitioning may be performed on the current block 2055.
- the size of the block 2065 inside the image boundary 2035 generated by performing binary division on the current block 2055 based on the third partition boundary 2060 is 16x32, and the image decoding apparatus 100 blocks Binary partitioning may be additionally performed on 2065.
- a block determined as a coding unit may have a small size and a relatively high decoding efficiency.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the size of the current blocks 2000 and 2030 as 128x128, and determines the allowable partition type of the current blocks 2000 and 2030 as binary division.
- the allowable split depth of the current blocks 2000 and 2030 is determined to be 3
- a method of dividing the current blocks 2000 and 2030 positioned on the picture boundary has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the current block may be divided.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 conforming to the pseudo code as described above may be recursively divided into binary binary partitions based on a binary value based on a larger value of the height or width of the current block. Based on a binary partition, if the corresponding edge becomes a specific size (or less) (where the specific size may be the size of the smallest block, but may be the size set by the user), The blocks can be recursively split (partition based on binary tree). In other cases, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current block according to quad division.
- the current block is determined according to the binary partition only when the larger of the height and width of the current block is smaller than or equal to the minimum size (min_bt_size) x2x2x2 (that is, the minimum size x 8). You can split recursively.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 has described a method of binary division or quad division in consideration of the binary division depth, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the binary (and tri) division depth is similarly described. It can be easily understood by those skilled in the art that binary division, tri division, or quad division can be performed in consideration of the above.
- Computer-readable recording media include storage media such as magnetic storage media (eg, ROMs, floppy disks, hard disks, etc.) and optical reading media (eg, CD-ROMs, DVDs, etc.).
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 현재 영상의 루마 영상에 포함된 블록들의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 루마 영상을 계층적으로 분할하여 상기 루마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계;상기 현재 영상의 크로마 영상 내 블록들의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 크로마 영상을 계층적으로 분할하여 상기 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 루마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위 및 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 기초로 상기 현재 영상을 복호화하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 분할 형태 모드는 블록의 분할 방향, 및 분할 타입 중 적어도 하나에 기초한 모드이고,상기 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계는,상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록을 분할하여 생성될 복수의 크로마 블록 중 하나의 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이가 소정의 크기 또는 넓이보다 작거나 같은 경우, 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 현재 크로마 블록의 분할을 허용하지 않고, 상기 현재 크로마 블록에 포함된 적어도 하나의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 분할 타입은 바이너리 분할(binary split), 트라이 분할(tri split), 쿼드 분할(quad split) 중 하나를 나타내는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 소정의 크기는 4x2 및 2x4 및 2x2 중 하나인 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 소정의 넓이는 8 및 4 중 하나인 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록을 분할하여 생성될 복수의 크로마 블록 중 하나의 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이가 소정의 크기 또는 넓이보다 작거나 같은 경우, 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 현재 크로마 블록의 분할을 허용하지 않고, 상기 현재 크로마 블록에 포함된 적어도 하나의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계는,상기 현재 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이 및 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 조건을 만족하는지 여부에 따라, 상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록을 분할하여 생성될 복수의 크로마 블록 중 하나의 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이가 소정의 크기 또는 넓이보다 작거나 같은지 여부를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정의 결과에 따라, 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할을 허용하지 않는다고 결정하고, 상기 현재 크로마 블록에 포함된 적어도 하나의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 5 항에 있어서,상기 현재 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이, 및 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 조건은,상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 타입이 쿼드 분할임을 나타내는 경우, 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 너비(width) 또는 높이(height)가 4보다 작거나 같은지에 관한 조건인 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 5 항에 있어서,상기 현재 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이, 및 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 조건은,상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 타입이 바이너리 분할임을 나타내는 경우, 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 넓이가 16보다 작거나 같은지에 관한 조건인 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 5 항에 있어서,상기 현재 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이, 및 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 조건은,상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 타입이 트라이 분할임을 나타내는 경우, 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 넓이가 32보다 작거나 같은지에 관한 조건인 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 현재 영상의 크로마 영상 내 블록들의 분할 형태 모드는 상기 현재 영상의 루마 영상에 포함된 블록들의 분할 형태 모드와 독립적인 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 현재 영상의 크로마 영상 내 블록들의 분할 형태 모드는 상기 크로마 영상 내 블록들에 대응하는 현재 영상의 루마 영상 내 대응 블록들의 분할 형태 모드에 종속적이고,상기 크로마 영상 내 블록의 크기는 상기 현재 영상의 크로마 서브 샘플링 방식(chroma sub sampling format) 및 상기 루마 영상 내 대응 블록의 크기에 기초하여 결정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 10 항에 있어서,상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 크로마 영상의 현재 크로마 블록을 분할하여 생성될 복수의 블록 중 하나의 블록의 크기가 2xN(N은 2보다 크거나 같은 정수) 또는 Nx2보다 작거나 같은 경우,상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할을 허용하지 않는다고 결정하고, 상기 현재 크로마 블록에 포함된 적어도 하나의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 현재 영상의 루마 영상에 포함된 블록들의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 루마 영상을 계층적으로 분할하여 상기 루마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계는,루마 영상에 포함된 현재 루마 블록이 픽처의 오른쪽 경계 상에 위치하는 경우, 바이너리 분할 및 쿼드 분할 중 하나의 분할 타입을 나타내는 플래그를 비트스트림으로부터 획득하는 단계; 및상기 획득된 플래그를 기초로 상기 현재 루마 블록에 포함된 적어도 하나의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 현재 영상의 루마 영상에 포함된 블록들의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 루마 영상을 계층적으로 분할하여 상기 루마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하고, 상기 현재 영상의 크로마 영상 내 블록들의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 크로마 영상을 계층적으로 분할하여 상기 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하고,상기 결정된 루마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위 및 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 기초로 상기 현재 영상을 복호화하는 적어도 하나의 프로세서를 포함하고,상기 분할 형태 모드는 블록의 분할 방향, 및 분할 타입 중 적어도 하나에 기초한 모드이고,상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서가 상기 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정할 때, 상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록을 분할하여 생성될 복수의 크로마 블록 중 하나의 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이가 소정의 크기 또는 넓이보다 작거나 같은 경우, 상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서가 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 현재 크로마 블록의 분할을 허용하지 않고, 상기 현재 크로마 블록에 포함된 적어도 하나의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 장치.
- 현재 영상의 루마 영상에 포함된 블록들의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 루마 영상을 계층적으로 분할하여 상기 루마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계;상기 현재 영상의 크로마 영상 내 블록들의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 크로마 영상을 계층적으로 분할하여 상기 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 루마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위 및 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 기초로 상기 현재 영상을 부호화하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 분할 형태 모드는 블록의 분할 방향, 및 분할 타입 중 적어도 하나에 기초한 모드이고,상기 크로마 영상 내 복수의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계는,상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초하여 상기 크로마 영상 내 현재 크로마 블록을 분할하여 생성될 복수의 크로마 블록 중 하나의 크로마 블록의 크기 또는 넓이가 소정의 크기 또는 넓이보다 작거나 같은 경우, 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 분할 형태 모드에 기초한 현재 크로마 블록의 분할을 허용하지 않고, 상기 현재 크로마 블록에 포함된 적어도 하나의 부호화 단위를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 1 항의 영상 복호화 방법을 구현하기 위한 프로그램이 기록된 컴퓨터로 판독 가능한 기록매체.
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