WO2020013627A1 - 비디오 복호화 방법 및 장치, 비디오 부호화 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
비디오 복호화 방법 및 장치, 비디오 부호화 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a video decoding method and a video decoding apparatus. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to an upper reference when a current block contacts an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including a current block when using at least one reference line.
- the image data is encoded by a codec according to a predetermined data compression standard, for example, the Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) standard, and then stored in a recording medium in the form of a bitstream or transmitted through a communication channel.
- MPEG Moving Picture Expert Group
- the current block is in contact with the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current block. If the current block is in contact with the upper boundary, the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line, and the upper side is determined. If not, the method and apparatus for determining the upper reference line of the current block based on the N reference lines and using the determined upper reference line are proposed.
- a video decoding method comprising: determining whether a current block contacts an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including the current block; If it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current block as one reference line; If it is determined that the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current block based on N reference lines; Performing prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line, wherein N may be a natural number.
- the video decoding apparatus proposed by the present disclosure includes a memory; And at least one processor connected with the memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: determine whether a current block contacts an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including the current block, and wherein the current block is the maximum coding unit. If it is determined that the contact with the upper boundary of the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line, and if it is determined that the current block does not contact the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit, An upper reference line is determined based on the N reference lines, and the prediction is performed on the current block based on the determined upper reference line, wherein N may be a natural number.
- the video encoding method proposed by the present disclosure includes: determining whether a current block is in contact with an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including the current block; If it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current block as one reference line; If it is determined that the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current block based on N reference lines; Performing prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line, wherein N may be a natural number.
- the video encoding apparatus proposed by the present disclosure includes at least one processor connected to the memory, and the at least one processor may include: a current block of a maximum coding unit including the current block; If it is determined that the upper boundary line is in contact with the upper boundary line, and the current block is determined to be in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line, and the current block is the maximum coding unit Determine that the upper reference line of the current block is not based on N reference lines, and perform prediction for the current block based on the determined upper reference line when it is determined that the upper boundary line is not in contact with the upper boundary line.
- N may be a natural number.
- the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line. If it is determined that the upper boundary line is not in contact with the upper boundary line, the upper reference line of the current block is determined based on the N reference lines, and by using the determined upper reference line, the amount of buffer generated when using the plurality of reference lines may be reduced. Can be.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an image decoding method, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining, by an image decoding apparatus, at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a coding unit having a non-square shape by an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a process of splitting a coding unit based on at least one of block shape information and split mode mode information, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for a method of determining, by an image decoding apparatus, a predetermined coding unit among odd number of coding units according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an order in which a plurality of coding units are processed when the image decoding apparatus determines a plurality of coding units by dividing a current coding unit.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a process of determining that a current coding unit is divided into an odd number of coding units when the image decoding apparatus cannot process the coding units in a predetermined order, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a first coding unit by an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a view illustrating that a shape in which a second coding unit may be split is limited when a non-square type second coding unit determined by splitting a first coding unit according to an embodiment satisfies a predetermined condition. Shows that.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a process of splitting a coding unit having a square shape by the image decoding apparatus when the split mode mode information cannot be divided into four square coding units.
- FIG. 12 illustrates that a processing order between a plurality of coding units may vary according to a splitting process of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a process of determining a depth of a coding unit as a shape and a size of a coding unit change when a coding unit is recursively divided to determine a plurality of coding units according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a depth and a part index (PID) for distinguishing a coding unit, which may be determined according to the shape and size of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- PID depth and a part index
- FIG. 15 illustrates that a plurality of coding units are determined according to a plurality of predetermined data units included in a picture according to an embodiment.
- 16 is a diagram of a processing block serving as a reference for determining a determination order of a reference coding unit included in a picture, according to an embodiment.
- 17 is a block diagram of a video encoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a video encoding method, according to an embodiment.
- 19 is a block diagram of a video decoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a video decoding method, according to an embodiment.
- 21 is a diagram for describing a method of using at least one reference line, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a video encoding method according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a video decoding method according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 24A illustrates luma samples located around the current luma block and chroma samples located around the current chroma block, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 24B illustrates luma samples of the current luma block, according to an embodiment. The chroma sample of the current chroma block is shown.
- FIG. 25A illustrates luma samples positioned around the current luma block and chroma samples positioned around the current chroma block according to another embodiment
- FIG. 25B illustrates luma samples positioned on the periphery of the current chroma block according to another embodiment. The chroma sample of the current chroma block is shown.
- FIG. 26A illustrates an embodiment in which the number of upper reference lines and left reference lines are different
- FIG. 26B illustrates an embodiment in which the number of upper reference lines and the left reference lines are the same
- FIG. 26C illustrates the upper reference line and the left reference line.
- a video decoding method includes determining whether a current block contacts an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including the current block; If it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current block as one reference line; If it is determined that the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current block based on N reference lines; Performing prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line, wherein N may be a natural number.
- the N may be determined by reference line information obtained from the bitstream.
- the reference line information when it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the reference line information may not be obtained.
- the upper reference line when N is 2, the upper reference line may be determined as a second reference line in contact with an upper side of the first reference line in contact with an upper side of the current block.
- the upper reference line is in contact with an upper side of a third reference line in contact with an upper side of a second reference line in contact with an upper side of a first reference line in contact with an upper side of the current block. Can be determined by a line.
- the left reference line located to the left of the current block may be determined based on N reference lines.
- the sample value of the reference line without the sample value may be padded using a predetermined default value.
- a reference sample value with a sample value is padded with a reference sample without the sample value or a reference line without a sample value in the upper reference line. If present, a sample of the reference line without the sample value can be regenerated using the sample value of the reference line with the sample value.
- a video decoding method includes determining whether a current luma block contacts an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including the current luma block; If it is determined that the current luma block is in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current luma block as one reference line; If it is determined that the current luma block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current luma block as two reference lines; And performing prediction on a current chroma block corresponding to the current luma block based on the determined upper reference line.
- the two reference lines may include a first reference line in contact with an upper side of the current luma block and a second reference line in contact with an upper side of the first reference line.
- a video encoding method includes determining whether a current block contacts an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including the current block; If it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current block as one reference line; If it is determined that the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, determining an upper reference line of the current block based on N reference lines; Performing prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line, wherein N may be a natural number.
- the method may include generating reference line information indicating a value of N.
- the reference line information when it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the reference line information may not be generated.
- the upper reference line is in contact with an upper side of a third reference line in contact with an upper side of a second reference line in contact with an upper side of a first reference line in contact with an upper side of the current block. It can be determined as a reference line.
- the term “part” means a software or hardware component, and “part” plays certain roles. However, “part” is not meant to be limited to software or hardware.
- the “unit” may be configured to be in an addressable storage medium and may be configured to play one or more processors.
- a “part” refers to components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, processes, functions, properties, procedures, Subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays and variables.
- the functionality provided within the components and “parts” may be combined into a smaller number of components and “parts” or further separated into additional components and “parts”.
- the “unit” may be implemented with a processor and a memory.
- the term “processor” should be interpreted broadly to include general purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), controllers, microcontrollers, state machines, and the like.
- a “processor” may refer to an application specific semiconductor (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like.
- ASIC application specific semiconductor
- PLD programmable logic device
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- processor refers to a combination of processing devices such as, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a combination of a plurality of microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or a combination of any other such configuration. May be referred to.
- memory should be interpreted broadly to include any electronic component capable of storing electronic information.
- the term memory refers to random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erase-programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrical And may refer to various types of processor-readable media, such as erasable PROM (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage, registers, and the like.
- RAM random access memory
- ROM read-only memory
- NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
- PROM programmable read-only memory
- EPROM erase-programmable read-only memory
- electrical And may refer to various types of processor-readable media, such as erasable PROM (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage, registers, and the like.
- EEPROM erasable PROM
- flash memory magnetic or optical data storage, registers, and the like.
- the "image” may be a static image such as a still image of a video or may represent a dynamic image such as a video, that is, the video itself.
- sample means data to be processed as data allocated to a sampling position of an image.
- pixel values and transform coefficients on a transform region may be samples in an image of a spatial domain.
- a unit including the at least one sample may be defined as a block.
- a 'current block' may mean a block of a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, a prediction unit, or a transformation unit of a current image to be encoded or decoded.
- a current block is a maximum coding unit including a current block. If it is determined that the upper border line is in contact with the upper boundary line, and if it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary line, the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line, and if it is determined that the current block is not in contact with the upper boundary line, the upper reference line of the current block is determined.
- Is determined based on N reference lines, and a video encoding / decoding method for performing prediction on a current block based on the determined upper reference line is described below, and a current luma block is described with reference to FIGS. 22 to 25. It is determined whether the current luma block is in contact with the upper boundary of the largest coding unit including the current luma block. If it is determined that the line is in contact with the line, the upper reference line of the current luma block is determined as one reference line, and if it is determined that the current luma block does not contact the upper boundary line, the upper reference line of the current luma block is two reference lines.
- a video encoding / decoding method for determining a current chroma block corresponding to a current luma block based on the determined upper reference line is described below.
- a plurality of reference lines according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 26.
- the video encoding / decoding method using the above will be described later.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 a method and apparatus for adaptively selecting a context model based on various types of coding units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a receiver 110 and a decoder 120.
- the receiver 110 and the decoder 120 may include at least one processor.
- the receiver 110 and the decoder 120 may include a memory that stores instructions to be executed by at least one processor.
- the receiver 110 may receive a bitstream.
- the bitstream includes information encoded by an image encoding apparatus 2200, which will be described later.
- the bitstream may be transmitted from the image encoding apparatus 2200.
- the image encoding apparatus 2200 and the image decoding apparatus 100 may be connected by wire or wirelessly, and the receiver 110 may receive a bitstream through wire or wirelessly.
- the receiver 110 may receive a bitstream from a storage medium such as an optical media or a hard disk.
- the decoder 120 may reconstruct an image based on the information obtained from the received bitstream.
- the decoder 120 may obtain a syntax element for reconstructing an image from the bitstream.
- the decoder 120 may reconstruct the image based on the syntax element.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an image decoding method, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the receiver 110 receives a bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs a step 210 of obtaining a binstring corresponding to the split type mode of the coding unit from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines 220 a division rule of a coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a coding unit into a plurality of coding units based on at least one of the bean string corresponding to the split mode and the split rule.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an allowable first range of the size of the coding unit according to a ratio of the width and the height of the coding unit, to determine the division rule.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second allowable range of the size of the coding unit according to the division type mode of the coding unit, in order to determine the division rule.
- a picture may be divided into one or more slices or one or more tiles.
- One slice or one tile may be a sequence of one or more coding tree units (CTUs).
- CTU coding tree unit
- CTB coding tree block
- the largest coding block refers to an N ⁇ N block including N ⁇ N samples (N is an integer). Each color component may be divided into one or more maximum coding blocks.
- a maximum coding unit is a maximum coding block of luma samples and two maximum coding blocks of chroma samples corresponding thereto and luma.
- the maximum coding unit is a unit including a maximum coding block of monochrome samples and syntax structures used to encode monochrome samples.
- the maximum coding unit is a unit including syntax structures used to encode the picture and samples of the picture.
- One largest coding block may be divided into an M ⁇ N coding block including M ⁇ N samples (M and N are integers).
- a coding unit means two coding blocks of a luma sample coding block and corresponding chroma samples, and encodes luma samples and chroma samples.
- a unit that contains syntax structures used to When a picture is a monochrome picture a coding unit is a unit including a coding block of monochrome samples and syntax structures used to encode monochrome samples.
- a coding unit is a unit including syntax structures used to encode the picture and samples of the picture.
- the maximum coding block and the maximum coding unit are different from each other, and the coding block and the coding unit are different from each other. That is, the (maximum) coding unit refers to a data structure including a (maximum) coding block including a corresponding sample and a syntax structure corresponding thereto.
- a (maximum) coding unit or a (maximum) coding block refers to a block of a predetermined size including a predetermined number of samples, and thus, in the following specification, a maximum coding block and a maximum coding unit, or a coding block and a coding unit Unless otherwise stated, mention is made without distinction.
- the image may be divided into a maximum coding unit (CTU).
- the size of the largest coding unit may be determined based on information obtained from the bitstream.
- the shape of the largest coding unit may have a square of the same size. But it is not limited thereto.
- information about the maximum size of the luma coding block may be obtained from the bitstream.
- the maximum size of the luma coding block indicated by the information about the maximum size of the luma coding block may be one of 4x4, 8x8, 16x16, 32x32, 64x64, 128x128, and 256x256.
- information about a maximum size of a luma coded block and a luma block size difference that can be divided into two from a bitstream may be obtained.
- the information about the luma block size difference may indicate a size difference between a luma maximum coding unit and a maximum luma coding block that can be divided into two. Therefore, when the information about the maximum size of the two-divisionable luma coding block obtained from the bitstream and the information about the difference in the luma block size are combined, the size of the luma maximum coding unit may be determined. Using the size of the luma maximum coding unit, the size of the chroma maximum coding unit may also be determined.
- the size of the chroma block may be half the size of the luma block, and the size of the chroma maximum coding unit is equal to that of the luma maximum coding unit. It can be half the size.
- the maximum size of the luma coding block capable of binary splitting may be variably determined.
- the maximum size of a luma coding block capable of ternary split may be fixed.
- a maximum size of a luma coding block capable of ternary division in an I picture may be 32x32
- a maximum size of a luma coding block in which a ternary division may be performed in a P picture or a B picture may be 64x64.
- the maximum coding unit may be hierarchically divided into coding units based on split type mode information obtained from the bitstream.
- split type mode information at least one of information indicating whether or not quad splitting, information indicating whether or not to split, split direction information, and split type information may be obtained from the bitstream.
- the information indicating whether to quad split may indicate whether the current coding unit is quad split (QUAD_SPLIT) or not quad split.
- the information indicating whether to divide the information may indicate whether the current coding unit is no longer divided (NO_SPLIT) or binary / ternary division.
- the splitting direction information indicates that the current coding unit is split into one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.
- the split type information indicates that the current coding unit is split into binary divisions or ternary divisions.
- the split mode of the current coding unit may be determined.
- the division mode when the current coding unit is binary divided in the horizontal direction is binary horizontal division (SPLIT_BT_HOR), the ternary horizontal division when the ternary division in the horizontal direction (SPLIT_TT_HOR), and the division mode when the binary division in the vertical direction
- the division mode in the case of binary vertical division (SPLIT_BT_VER) and ternary division in the vertical direction may be determined as ternary vertical division (SPLIT_BT_VER).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split type mode information from a bitstream from one bean string.
- the form of the bitstream received by the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a fixed length binary code, an unary code, a truncated unary code, a predetermined binary code, and the like.
- a beanstring is a binary representation of information.
- the beanstring may consist of at least one bit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain division type mode information corresponding to the bean string based on the division rule.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to split the coding unit, whether or not to split the coding unit, or the split direction and the split type, based on one bean string.
- the coding unit may be smaller than or equal to the maximum coding unit.
- the maximum coding unit is also one of coding units because it is a coding unit having a maximum size.
- the coding unit determined in the maximum coding unit has the same size as the maximum coding unit.
- the split mode mode information on the maximum coding unit is split, the maximum coding unit may be split into coding units.
- split type mode information on a coding unit indicates splitting, coding units may be split into coding units having a smaller size.
- segmentation of an image is not limited thereto, and a maximum coding unit and a coding unit may not be distinguished. Splitting of coding units will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 16.
- one or more prediction blocks for prediction may be determined from the coding unit.
- the prediction block may be equal to or smaller than the coding unit.
- one or more transform blocks for transform may be determined from a coding unit.
- the transform block can be equal to or smaller than the coding unit.
- the shape and size of the transform block and the prediction block may not be related to each other.
- prediction may be performed using a coding unit as a coding block.
- transformation may be performed using a coding unit as a coding unit.
- the current block and neighboring blocks of the present disclosure may represent one of a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, a prediction block, and a transform block.
- the current block or the current coding unit is a block in which decoding or encoding is currently performed or a block in which current division is in progress.
- the neighboring block may be a block restored before the current block.
- the neighboring blocks can be spatially or temporally adjacent from the current block.
- the neighboring block may be located at one of the lower left side, left side, upper left side, upper side, upper right side, right side, and lower side of the current block.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining, by an image decoding apparatus, at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit according to an embodiment.
- the block type may include 4Nx4N, 4Nx2N, 2Nx4N, 4NxN, Nx4N, 32NxN, Nx32N, 16NxN, Nx16N, 8NxN or Nx8N.
- N may be a positive integer.
- the block shape information is information indicating at least one of a shape, a direction, a width, and a ratio or size of a coding unit.
- the shape of the coding unit may include square and non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine block shape information of the coding unit as a square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the shape of the coding unit as a non-square.
- Block shape information of a coding unit may be determined as a non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a ratio of the width and the height of the block shape information of the coding unit to 1: 2, 2: 1, 1: 4, 4: 1, 1: 8. , 8: 1, 1:16, 16: 1, 1:32, 32: 1.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the coding unit is a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, based on the length of the width of the coding unit and the length of the height. In addition, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the coding unit based on at least one of the length, the length, or the width of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a shape of a coding unit by using block shape information, and may determine which type of coding unit is divided by using split shape mode information. That is, the method of dividing the coding unit indicated by the split mode mode information may be determined according to which block shape the block shape information used by the image decoding apparatus 100 indicates.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain segmentation mode information from the bitstream. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the image decoding apparatus 100 and the image encoding apparatus 2200 may determine the predetermined partition type mode information based on the block shape information.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the partition type mode information previously promised with respect to the maximum coding unit or the minimum coding unit. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine split type mode information as a quad split with respect to the maximum coding unit. In addition, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the split mode mode information is "not divided" with respect to the minimum coding unit. In more detail, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the largest coding unit to 256x256.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the partition type mode information previously promised as quad division.
- Quad division is a division mode mode that bisects both the width and the height of a coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a 128x128 coding unit from the largest coding unit having a size of 256x256 based on the split mode mode information. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the minimum coding unit as 4 ⁇ 4.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split mode mode information indicating “not splitting” with respect to the minimum coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block shape information indicating that the current coding unit is square. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to split a square coding unit, to split vertically, to split horizontally, or to split into four coding units according to the split mode information.
- the decoder 120 when the block shape information of the current coding unit 300 indicates a square shape, the decoder 120 has the same size as the current coding unit 300 according to the split mode mode information indicating that the block shape information is not divided.
- the coding unit 310a having a may not be divided, or the divided coding units 310b, 310c, 310d, 310e, 310f, and the like may be determined based on split mode mode information indicating a predetermined division method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides two coding units 310b in which the current coding unit 300 is divided in the vertical direction based on split mode mode information indicating that the image is split in the vertical direction. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine two coding units 310c that divide the current coding unit 300 in the horizontal direction based on the split type mode information indicating the split in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine four coding units 310d that divide the current coding unit 300 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction based on the split type mode information indicating that the image decoding apparatus 100 is split in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides three coding units 310e in which the current coding unit 300 is vertically divided based on split type mode information indicating that the ternary is split vertically. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine three coding units 310f that divide the current coding unit 300 in the horizontal direction based on split type mode information indicating that the ternary division is performed in the horizontal direction.
- the divided form in which the square coding unit may be divided should not be limited to the above-described form and may include various forms represented by the divided mode mode information. Certain division forms in which a square coding unit is divided will be described in detail with reference to various embodiments below.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a coding unit having a non-square shape by an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block shape information indicating that a current coding unit is a non-square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to divide the current coding unit of the non-square according to the split mode mode information or whether to split the current coding unit by a predetermined method. Referring to FIG. 4, when the block shape information of the current coding unit 400 or 450 indicates a non-square shape, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the current coding unit according to the split shape mode information indicating that the image is not divided.
- Coding units 420a, 420b, 430a, 430b, 430c, and 470a which determine coding units 410 or 460 having the same size as 400 or 450 or are divided based on split mode mode information indicating a predetermined division method. , 470b, 480a, 480b, and 480c may be determined.
- a predetermined division method in which a non-square coding unit is divided will be described in detail with reference to various embodiments below.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a form in which a coding unit is split using split mode mode information.
- the split mode mode information may include at least one coding unit generated by splitting the coding unit. It can represent the number.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the current coding unit 400 or based on the split mode mode information. By splitting 450, two coding units 420a, 420b, or 470a, 470b included in the current coding unit may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the current shape of the non-square.
- the current coding unit may be split in consideration of the position of the long side of the coding unit 400 or 450.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current coding unit 400 or 450 in a direction of dividing a long side of the current coding unit 400 or 450 in consideration of the shape of the current coding unit 400 or 450. To determine a plurality of coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may encode the odd number of encodings included in the current coding unit 400 or 450.
- the unit can be determined. For example, when the split mode mode information indicates that the current coding unit 400 or 450 is divided into three coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current coding unit 400 or 450 into three coding units ( 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c.
- the ratio of the width and the height of the current coding unit 400 or 450 may be 4: 1 or 1: 4.
- the ratio of the width and the height is 4: 1
- the block shape information may be in the horizontal direction.
- the ratio of the width and the height is 1: 4
- the length of the width is shorter than the length of the height
- the block shape information may be in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine to divide the current coding unit into odd blocks based on split type mode information. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a split direction of the current coding unit 400 or 450 based on block shape information of the current coding unit 400 or 450.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding units 430a, 430b, and 430c by dividing the current coding unit 400 in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding units 480a, 480b, and 480c by dividing the current coding unit 450 in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an odd number of coding units included in the current coding unit 400 or 450, and not all sizes of the determined coding units may be the same. For example, the size of a predetermined coding unit 430b or 480b among the determined odd coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c is different from other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a, and 480c.
- a coding unit that may be determined by dividing the current coding unit 400 or 450 may have a plurality of types, and in some cases, odd number of coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c. Each may have a different size.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine odd coding units included in the current coding unit 400 or 450. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may set a predetermined limit on at least one coding unit among the odd number of coding units generated by dividing. Referring to FIG. 4, the image decoding apparatus 100 is a coding unit positioned at the center of three coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, and 480c generated by dividing a current coding unit 400 or 450. The decoding process for 430b and 480b may be different from other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a and 480c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may restrict the coding units 430b and 480b positioned in the center from being split no more than the other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a, and 480c, or may only split the predetermined number of times. You can limit it to split.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a process of splitting a coding unit based on at least one of block shape information and split mode mode information, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine to divide or not split the first coding unit 500 having a square shape into coding units based on at least one of block shape information and split mode information. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits the first coding unit 500 in the horizontal direction to perform second coding.
- Unit 510 may be determined.
- the first coding unit, the second coding unit, and the third coding unit used according to an embodiment are terms used to understand a relationship between before and after splitting between coding units. For example, when the first coding unit is split, the second coding unit may be determined. When the second coding unit is split, the third coding unit may be determined.
- the relationship between the first coding unit, the second coding unit, and the third coding unit used is based on the above-described feature.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine to divide or not split the determined second coding unit 510 into coding units based on split type mode information. Referring to FIG. 5, the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes at least one third encoding the second coding unit 510 having a non-square shape determined by dividing the first coding unit 500 based on the split mode mode information. The second coding unit 510 may not be divided into units 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, or the like. The image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain the split mode mode information, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the first coding unit 500 based on the obtained split mode mode information to obtain a plurality of second encodings of various types.
- a unit (eg, 510) may be divided, and the second coding unit 510 may be divided according to a method in which the first coding unit 500 is divided based on the split mode mode information.
- the second coding unit 510 may also be It may be split into third coding units (eg, 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, etc.) based on the split mode mode information on the second coding unit 510. That is, the coding unit may be recursively divided based on the split mode mode information associated with each coding unit. Therefore, a square coding unit may be determined in a non-square coding unit, and a coding unit of a square shape may be recursively divided to determine a coding unit of a non-square shape.
- a non-square second coding unit 510 is divided among predetermined odd coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d that are determined by splitting a predetermined coding unit (eg, located in the center of the second coding unit). Coding units or coding units having a square shape) may be recursively divided.
- the third coding unit 520b having a square shape which is one of odd third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d, may be divided in a horizontal direction and divided into a plurality of fourth coding units.
- the fourth coding unit 530b or 530d having a non-square shape which is one of the plurality of fourth coding units 530a, 530b, 530c, and 530d, may be divided into a plurality of coding units.
- the fourth coding unit 530b or 530d having a non-square shape may be divided into odd coding units.
- a method that can be used for recursive division of coding units will be described later through various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide each of the third coding units 520a, 520b, 520c, and 520d into coding units based on the split mode information. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine not to split the second coding unit 510 based on the split mode mode information. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the second coding unit 510 having a non-square shape into an odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d. The image decoding apparatus 100 may place a predetermined limit on a predetermined third coding unit among the odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be limited to the number of coding units 520c positioned in the middle of the odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d, or may be divided by the number of times that can be set. It can be limited to.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a coding unit positioned at the center among odd-numbered third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d included in the second coding unit 510 having a non-square shape.
- 520c is no longer divided, or is limited to being divided into a predetermined division form (for example, divided into only four coding units or divided into a form corresponding to the divided form of the second coding unit 510), or predetermined. It can be limited to dividing only by the number of times (eg, dividing only n times, n> 0).
- the above limitation on the coding unit 520c located in the center is merely a mere embodiment and thus should not be construed as being limited to the above-described embodiments, and the coding unit 520c located in the center may be different from other coding units 520b and 520d. ), It should be interpreted as including various restrictions that can be decoded.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split mode mode information used to split a current coding unit at a predetermined position in the current coding unit.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for a method of determining, by an image decoding apparatus, a predetermined coding unit among odd number of coding units according to an embodiment.
- the split mode mode information of the current coding units 600 and 650 may include a sample at a predetermined position (for example, a sample located at the center) among a plurality of samples included in the current coding units 600 and 650. 640, 690).
- a predetermined position in the current coding unit 600 from which at least one of the split mode information may be obtained should not be interpreted as being limited to the center position shown in FIG. 6, and the predetermined position may be included in the current coding unit 600. It should be understood that various positions (eg, top, bottom, left, right, top left, bottom left, top right or bottom right, etc.) may be included.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the current coding unit is divided or not divided into coding units having various shapes and sizes by obtaining split mode mode information obtained from a predetermined position.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select one coding unit from among them. Methods for selecting one of a plurality of coding units may vary, which will be described below through various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a current coding unit into a plurality of coding units and determine a coding unit of a predetermined position.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use information indicating the position of each of the odd coding units to determine a coding unit located in the middle of the odd coding units. Referring to FIG. 6, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the current coding unit 600 or the current coding unit 650 to find an odd number of coding units 620a, 620b, 620c, or an odd number of coding units 660a, 660b and 660c can be determined. The image decoding apparatus 100 may use the middle coding unit 620b or the middle coding unit by using information about the positions of the odd coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c or the odd coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. 660b can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the positions of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on information indicating the positions of predetermined samples included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the coding unit 620b positioned at may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 is based on the information indicating the position of the sample (630a, 630b, 630c) of the upper left of the coding units (620a, 620b, 620c) coding units (620a, 620b, 620c)
- the coding unit 620b positioned in the center may be determined by determining the position of.
- the information indicating the position of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c may be included in the picture of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, respectively. It may include information about the location or coordinates of. According to an embodiment, the information indicating the position of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c may be included in the current coding unit 600.
- 620b and 620c may include information indicating a width or a height, and the width or height may correspond to information indicating a difference between coordinates within a picture of the coding units 620a, 620b and 620c. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 directly uses information about the position or coordinates in the picture of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c or information about the width or height of the coding unit corresponding to the difference between the coordinates. By using, the coding unit 620b positioned in the center may be determined.
- the information indicating the position of the sample 630a at the upper left of the upper coding unit 620a may indicate (xa, ya) coordinates, and the sample 530b at the upper left of the middle coding unit 620b.
- the information indicating the position of) may indicate the (xb, yb) coordinates, and the information indicating the position of the sample 630c on the upper left of the lower coding unit 620c may indicate the (xc, yc) coordinates.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the center coding unit 620b using the coordinates of the samples 630a, 630b, and 630c in the upper left included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, respectively.
- the coordinates indicating the positions of the samples 630a, 630b, and 630c at the upper left may represent coordinates indicating the absolute positions in the picture, and further, the positions of the samples 630a at the upper left of the upper coding unit 620a.
- the (dxb, dyb) coordinate which is the information indicating the relative position of the upper left sample 630b of the central coding unit 620b, and the relative position of the upper left sample 630c of the lower coding unit 620c.
- Information (dxc, dyc) coordinates can also be used.
- the method of determining the coding unit of a predetermined position by using the coordinates of the sample as information indicating the position of the sample included in the coding unit should not be interpreted to be limited to the above-described method, and various arithmetic operations that can use the coordinates of the sample are available. It should be interpreted in a way.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current coding unit 600 into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, and may select one of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the coding unit may be selected according to the standard. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may select coding units 620b having different sizes from among coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may have (xa, ya) coordinates, which are information indicating a position of a sample 630a on the upper left side of the upper coding unit 620a, and a sample on the upper left side of the center coding unit 620b.
- 620b, 620c may determine the width or height of each.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses (xa, ya), (xb, yb), and (xc, yc) coordinates indicating the positions of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. , 620c) may determine the size of each. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the upper coding unit 620a as the width of the current coding unit 600. The image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the upper coding unit 620a as yb-ya. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the central coding unit 620b as the width of the current coding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the center coding unit 620b as yc-yb. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width or height of the lower coding unit using the width or height of the current coding unit, and the width and height of the upper coding unit 620a and the center coding unit 620b. . The image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a different size from other coding units based on the widths and the heights of the determined coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. Referring to FIG.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 620b as a coding unit having a predetermined position while having a size different from that of the upper coding unit 620a and the lower coding unit 620c.
- the coding unit at a predetermined position may be determined using the size of the coding unit determined based on the sample coordinates.
- various processes of determining a coding unit at a predetermined position by comparing the sizes of coding units determined according to predetermined sample coordinates may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 has (xd, yd) coordinates, which is information indicating the position of the upper left sample 670a of the left coding unit 660a, and the position of the upper left sample 670b of the middle coding unit 660b. Coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c using (xe, ye) coordinates indicating information and (xf, yf) coordinates indicating information of the position of the sample 670c on the upper left side of the right coding unit 660c. Each width or height can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses (xd, yd), (xe, ye), and (xf, yf) coordinates representing the positions of the coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. , 660c) may determine the size of each.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the left coding unit 660a as xe-xd.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the left coding unit 660a as the height of the current coding unit 650.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the central coding unit 660b as xf-xe.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the center coding unit 660b as the height of the current coding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a width or a height of the right coding unit 660c, a width or a height of the current coding unit 650, and a width and a height of the left coding unit 660a and the center coding unit 660b. Can be determined using.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a different size from other coding units based on the widths and the heights of the determined coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. Referring to FIG. 6, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 660b as a coding unit at a predetermined position while having a size different from that of the left coding unit 660a and the right coding unit 660c.
- the coding unit at a predetermined position may be determined using the size of the coding unit determined based on the sample coordinates.
- various processes of determining a coding unit at a predetermined position by comparing the sizes of coding units determined according to predetermined sample coordinates may be used.
- the position of the sample to be considered for determining the position of the coding unit should not be interpreted as being limited to the upper left side described above, but may be interpreted that information on the position of any sample included in the coding unit may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select a coding unit of a predetermined position among odd-numbered coding units determined by dividing the current coding unit in consideration of the shape of the current coding unit. For example, if the current coding unit has a non-square shape having a width greater than the height, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding unit at a predetermined position along the horizontal direction. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one of the coding units having different positions in the horizontal direction to limit the corresponding coding unit. If the current coding unit has a non-square shape having a height greater than the width, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit of a predetermined position in the vertical direction. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one of the coding units having different positions in the vertical direction to limit the corresponding coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use information indicating the positions of each of the even coding units to determine the coding unit of the predetermined position among the even coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an even number of coding units by dividing the current coding unit (binary division), and determine a coding unit of a predetermined position by using information about the positions of the even coding units.
- a detailed process for this may be a process corresponding to a process of determining a coding unit of a predetermined position (for example, a middle position) among the odd number of coding units described above with reference to FIG. 6.
- a predetermined value for a coding unit of a predetermined position in the splitting process is determined to determine a coding unit of a predetermined position among the plurality of coding units.
- Information is available.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine block shape information and a split shape stored in a sample included in a middle coding unit in a splitting process in order to determine a coding unit located in a center among coding units in which a current coding unit is divided into a plurality. At least one of the mode information may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current coding unit 600 into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on the split mode mode information, and may include a plurality of coding units ( The coding unit 620b positioned in the center among the 620a, 620b, and 620c may be determined. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding unit 620b positioned at the center in consideration of the position where the split mode mode information is obtained. That is, the split mode mode information of the current coding unit 600 may be obtained from a sample 640 positioned in the center of the current coding unit 600. The current coding unit 600 may be configured based on the split mode mode information.
- a coding unit 620b including the sample 640 may be determined as a coding unit located at the center.
- the information used to determine the coding unit located in the middle should not be interpreted as being limited to the split mode information, and may be used in the process of determining the coding unit located in the center of various types of information.
- predetermined information for identifying a coding unit of a predetermined position may be obtained from a predetermined sample included in the coding unit to be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a current coding unit 600 into a plurality of coding units (eg, divided into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c) determined by splitting the current coding unit 600.
- Split mode mode information obtained from a sample at a predetermined position in the current coding unit 600 (for example, a sample located in the center of the current coding unit 600) in order to determine a coding unit located in the center of the coding units. Can be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a sample of the predetermined position in consideration of the block shape of the current coding unit 600, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of pieces in which the current coding unit 600 is divided and determined.
- a predetermined limit may be determined by determining a coding unit 620b including a sample from which predetermined information (for example, split mode mode information) may be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a sample 640 positioned in the center of the current coding unit 600 as a sample from which predetermined information may be obtained.
- the 100 may set a predetermined limit in the decoding process of the coding unit 620b including the sample 640.
- the position of the sample from which the predetermined information can be obtained should not be interpreted as being limited to the above-described position, but may be interpreted as samples of arbitrary positions included in the coding unit 620b to be determined for the purpose of limitation.
- a position of a sample from which predetermined information may be obtained may be determined according to the shape of the current coding unit 600.
- the block shape information may determine whether the shape of the current coding unit is square or non-square, and determine the position of a sample from which the predetermined information may be obtained according to the shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be positioned on a boundary that divides at least one of the width and the height of the current coding unit in half using at least one of information about the width and the height of the current coding unit.
- the sample may be determined as a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select one of samples adjacent to a boundary that divides the long side of the current coding unit in half. May be determined as a sample from which information may be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use split mode mode information to determine a coding unit of a predetermined position among the plurality of coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split mode mode information from a sample at a predetermined position included in a coding unit, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may encode a plurality of encodings generated by splitting a current coding unit.
- the units may be divided using split type mode information obtained from samples of a predetermined position included in each of the plurality of coding units. That is, the coding unit may be recursively split using split type mode information obtained from a sample of a predetermined position included in each coding unit. Since the recursive division process of the coding unit has been described above with reference to FIG. 5, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit, and determine an order in which the at least one coding unit is decoded in a predetermined block (for example, the current coding unit). Can be determined according to
- FIG. 7 illustrates an order in which a plurality of coding units are processed when the image decoding apparatus determines a plurality of coding units by dividing a current coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the second coding units 710a and 710b by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction according to the split mode mode information, or the first coding unit 700.
- the second coding unit 750a, 750b, 750c, 750d may be determined by dividing the in the horizontal direction to determine the second coding units 730a and 730b, or by splitting the first coding unit 700 in the vertical and horizontal directions. have.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an order such that the second coding units 710a and 710b determined by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction are processed in the horizontal direction 710c. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a processing order of the second coding units 730a and 730b determined by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the horizontal direction, in the vertical direction 730c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 processes the coding units for positioning the second coding units 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d determined by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, in one row.
- the coding units located in the next row may be determined according to a predetermined order (for example, raster scan order or z scan order 750e).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively split coding units. Referring to FIG. 7, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d by dividing the first coding unit 700. Each of the plurality of determined coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be recursively divided.
- the method of splitting the plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be a method corresponding to the method of splitting the first coding unit 700. Accordingly, the plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be independently divided into a plurality of coding units. Referring to FIG. 7, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second coding units 710a and 710b by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction, and further, respectively, the second coding units 710a and 710b. It can be decided to split independently or not.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the second coding unit 710a on the left side into horizontal units and split the second coding unit 710a into third coding units 720a and 720b, and the second coding unit 710b on the right side. ) May not be divided.
- the processing order of coding units may be determined based on a split process of the coding units.
- the processing order of the divided coding units may be determined based on the processing order of the coding units immediately before being split.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may independently determine the order in which the third coding units 720a and 720b determined by splitting the second coding unit 710a on the left side from the second coding unit 710b on the right side. Since the second coding unit 710a on the left is divided in the horizontal direction to determine the third coding units 720a and 720b, the third coding units 720a and 720b may be processed in the vertical direction 720c.
- the right coding unit 710b may be processed.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a process of determining that a current coding unit is divided into an odd number of coding units when the image decoding apparatus cannot process the coding units in a predetermined order, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the current coding unit is split into odd coding units based on the obtained split mode mode information.
- a first coding unit 800 having a square shape may be divided into second coding units 810a and 810b having a non-square shape, and each of the second coding units 810a and 810b may be independently formed. It may be divided into three coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of third coding units 820a and 820b by dividing the left coding unit 810a in the horizontal direction among the second coding units, and may include the right coding unit 810b. ) May be divided into odd third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines whether the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e may be processed in a predetermined order to determine whether there are oddly divided coding units. You can decide. Referring to FIG. 8, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e by recursively dividing the first coding unit 800.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a first coding unit 800, a second coding unit 810a, and 810b, or a third coding unit 820a, 820b, and 820c based on at least one of block shape information and split mode mode information.
- coding units positioned on the right side of the second coding units 810a and 810b may be divided into odd third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the order in which the plurality of coding units included in the first coding unit 800 is processed may be a predetermined order (for example, a z-scan order 830). 100 may determine whether the third coding unit 820c, 820d, or 820e determined by splitting the right second coding unit 810b into an odd number satisfies a condition that may be processed according to the predetermined order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may satisfy a condition that the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e included in the first coding unit 800 may be processed in a predetermined order. And whether the at least one of the width and the height of the second coding unit 810a, 810b is divided in half according to the boundary of the third coding unit 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, or 820e.
- the third coding units 820a and 820b determined by dividing the height of the left second coding unit 810a of the non-square shape in half may satisfy the condition.
- Boundaries of the third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e determined by dividing the right second coding unit 810b into three coding units may not divide the width or height of the right second coding unit 810b in half. Therefore, it may be determined that the third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e do not satisfy the condition. In case of such a condition dissatisfaction, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the scan order is disconnected, and determine that the right second coding unit 810b is divided into odd coding units based on the determination result.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into an odd number of coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may set a predetermined limit on a coding unit of a predetermined position among the divided coding units. Since the above has been described through the embodiments, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a first coding unit by an image decoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 900 based on the split mode mode information obtained through the receiver 110.
- the first coding unit 900 having a square shape may be divided into coding units having four square shapes, or may be divided into a plurality of coding units having a non-square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode the first coding unit 900. It may be split into a plurality of non-square coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a square shape of the first coding unit ( 900 may be divided into second coding units 910a, 910b, and 910c determined by being split in the vertical direction as odd coding units, or second coding units 920a, 920b, and 920c determined by being split in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may process the second coding units 910a, 910b, 910c, 920a, 920b, and 920c included in the first coding unit 900 in a predetermined order.
- the condition is whether the at least one of the width and height of the first coding unit 900 is divided in half according to the boundary of the second coding unit (910a, 910b, 910c, 920a, 920b, 920c). It is related to whether or not. Referring to FIG. 9, the boundary between the second coding units 910a, 910b, and 910c, which is determined by dividing the first coding unit 900 having a square shape in the vertical direction, divides the width of the first coding unit 900 in half.
- the first coding unit 900 may be determined to not satisfy a condition that may be processed in a predetermined order. Also, since the boundary between the second coding units 920a, 920b, and 920c, which is determined by dividing the first coding unit 900 having a square shape in the horizontal direction, does not divide the width of the first coding unit 900 in half, The one coding unit 900 may be determined as not satisfying a condition that may be processed in a predetermined order. In case of such a condition dissatisfaction, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the scan order is disconnected, and determine that the first coding unit 900 is divided into odd coding units based on the determination result.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into an odd number of coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may set a predetermined limit on a coding unit of a predetermined position among the divided coding units. Since the above has been described through the embodiments, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine various coding units by dividing the first coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split a first coding unit 900 having a square shape and a first coding unit 930 or 950 having a non-square shape into various coding units. .
- FIG. 10 is a view illustrating that a shape in which a second coding unit may be split is limited when a non-square type second coding unit determined by splitting a first coding unit according to an embodiment satisfies a predetermined condition. Shows that.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may convert the first coding unit 1000 having a square shape into a second coding unit 1010a having a non-square shape based on the split mode information obtained through the receiver 110. 1010b, 1020a, 1020b).
- the second coding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b may be independently divided. Accordingly, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to split or not split into a plurality of coding units based on split mode mode information related to each of the second coding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the left second coding unit 1010a having a non-square shape in a horizontal direction by splitting the first coding unit 1000 in a vertical direction to form a third coding unit ( 1012a, 1012b) can be determined.
- the right second coding unit 1010b may have the same horizontal direction as the direction in which the left second coding unit 1010a is divided. It can be limited to not be divided into.
- the left second coding unit 1010a and the right second coding unit 1010b are each horizontally.
- the third coding units 1012a, 1012b, 1014a, and 1014b may be determined.
- this is the same result as the image decoding apparatus 100 dividing the first coding unit 1000 into four second coding units 1030a, 1030b, 1030c, and 1030d based on the split mode information. It may be inefficient in terms of image decoding.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits a second coding unit 1020a or 1020b of a non-square shape, determined by dividing the first coding unit 1000 in a horizontal direction, into a third coding unit. 1022a, 1022b, 1024a, and 1024b can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides one of the second coding units (for example, the upper second coding unit 1020a) in the vertical direction
- another image coding unit for example, the lower end
- the coding unit 1020b may restrict the upper second coding unit 1020a from being split in the vertical direction in the same direction as the split direction.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a process of splitting a coding unit having a square shape by the image decoding apparatus when the split mode mode information cannot be divided into four square coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, etc. by dividing the first coding unit 1100 based on the split mode mode information.
- the split mode mode information may include information about various types in which a coding unit may be split, but the information on various types may not include information for splitting into 4 coding units having a square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may not divide the first coding unit 1100 having a square shape into the second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d having four square shapes.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the non-square second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, and the like based on the split mode mode information.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may independently split the non-square second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, and the like.
- Each of the second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, and the like may be divided in a predetermined order through a recursive method, which is based on a method in which the first coding unit 1100 is divided based on split mode mode information. It may be a corresponding division method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the left second coding unit 1110a into the horizontal direction to determine the third coding units 1112a and 1112b having a square shape, and the right second coding unit 1110b may The third coding units 1114a and 1114b having a square shape may be determined by being split in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the left second coding unit 1110a and the right second coding unit 1110b in the horizontal direction to determine the third coding units 1116a, 1116b, 1116c, and 1116d having a square shape. have. In this case, the coding unit may be determined in the same form as that in which the first coding unit 1100 is divided into four second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the third coding units 1122a and 1122b having a square shape by dividing the upper second coding unit 1120a in the vertical direction, and the lower second coding unit 1120b. ) May be divided in the vertical direction to determine the third coding units 1124a and 1124b having a square shape. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the upper second coding unit 1120a and the lower second coding unit 1120b in the vertical direction to determine the third coding units 1126a, 1126b, 1126a, and 1126b having a square shape. have. In this case, the coding unit may be determined in the same form as that in which the first coding unit 1100 is divided into four second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- FIG. 12 illustrates that a processing order between a plurality of coding units may vary according to a splitting process of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the first coding unit 1200 based on split type mode information.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the first coding unit 1200.
- the second coding unit eg, 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, 1220b, etc.
- the second coding unit 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b having a non-square shape determined by dividing the first coding unit 1200 in only the horizontal direction or the vertical direction are based on the split mode information for each. Can be split independently.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second coding units 1210a and 1210b generated by splitting the first coding unit 1200 in the vertical direction in the horizontal direction, respectively, to generate the third coding units 1216a and 1216b, 1216c and 1216d, and the second coding units 1220a and 1220b generated by dividing the first coding unit 1200 in the horizontal direction are divided in the horizontal direction, respectively, and the third coding units 1226a, 1226b and 1226c. 1226d). Since the splitting process of the second coding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b has been described above with reference to FIG. 11, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may process coding units in a predetermined order. Features of the processing of coding units according to a predetermined order have been described above with reference to FIG. 7, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. Referring to FIG. 12, the image decoding apparatus 100 splits a first coding unit 1200 having a square shape to form three square third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d. ) Can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs a processing sequence of the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d according to a form in which the first coding unit 1200 is divided. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, and 1216d by dividing the second coding units 1210a and 1210b generated by dividing in the vertical direction in the horizontal direction, respectively.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may first process the third coding units 1216a and 1216c included in the left second coding unit 1210a in the vertical direction, and then include the right second coding unit 1210b.
- the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, and 1216d may be processed according to an order 1217 of processing the third coding units 1216b and 1216d in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding units 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d by dividing the second coding units 1220a and 1220b generated by dividing in the horizontal direction in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may first process the third coding units 1226a and 1226b included in the upper second coding unit 1220a in the horizontal direction, and then include the lower coding unit 1220b.
- the third coding units 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d may be processed according to an order 1227 of processing the third coding units 1226c and 1226d in the horizontal direction.
- second coding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b may be divided, respectively, and square third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d may be determined. have.
- the second coding units 1210a and 1210b that are determined by being split in the vertical direction and the second coding units 1220a and 1220b that are determined by being split in the horizontal direction are divided into different forms, but are determined afterwards.
- 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d may result in the first coding unit 1200 being split into coding units having the same shape.
- the apparatus 100 for decoding an image recursively splits coding units through different processes based on split mode mode information, and thus, even if the coding units having the same type are determined, the plurality of coding units determined to have the same type are different from each other. Can be processed in order.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a process of determining a depth of a coding unit as a shape and a size of a coding unit change when a coding unit is recursively divided to determine a plurality of coding units according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the depth of a coding unit according to a predetermined criterion.
- the predetermined criterion may be the length of the long side of the coding unit.
- the depth of the current coding unit is greater than the depth of the coding unit before the split. It can be determined that the depth is increased by n.
- a coding unit having an increased depth is expressed as a coding unit of a lower depth.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may have a square shape based on block shape information indicating that the shape is square (for example, block shape information may indicate '0: SQUARE').
- the first coding unit 1300 may be divided to determine a second coding unit 1302, a third coding unit 1304, or the like of a lower depth.
- the second coding unit 1302 determined by dividing the width and height of the first coding unit 1300 by 1/2 times may have a size of NxN. have.
- the third coding unit 1304 determined by dividing the width and the height of the second coding unit 1302 into half the size may have a size of N / 2 ⁇ N / 2.
- the width and height of the third coding unit 1304 correspond to 1/4 times the first coding unit 1300.
- the depth of the first coding unit 1300 is D
- the depth of the second coding unit 1302, which is 1/2 the width and height of the first coding unit 1300 may be D + 1
- the first coding unit may be D + 1.
- the depth of the third coding unit 1304, which is 1/4 of the width and the height of 1300, may be D + 2.
- block shape information indicating a non-square shape (e.g., block shape information indicates that the height is a non-square longer than the width '1: NS_VER' or the width is a non-square longer than the height).
- 2: may represent NS_HOR ', the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the first coding unit 1310 or 1320 having a non-square shape to form a second coding unit 1312 or 1322 of a lower depth, The third coding unit 1314 or 1324 may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second coding unit (eg, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.) by dividing at least one of a width and a height of the Nx2N size of the first coding unit 1310. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 1310 in the horizontal direction to determine a second coding unit 1302 having an NxN size or a second coding unit 1322 having an NxN / 2 size.
- the second coding unit 1312 having the size of N / 2 ⁇ N may be determined by splitting in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines at least one of a width and a height of a 2N ⁇ N first coding unit 1320 to determine a second coding unit (eg, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.). It may be. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 1320 in the vertical direction to determine a second coding unit 1302 having an NxN size or a second coding unit 1312 having an N / 2xN size.
- the second coding unit 1322 having the size of NxN / 2 may be determined by splitting in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines at least one of a width and a height of the NxN-sized second coding unit 1302 to determine a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.). It may be. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding unit 1304 having the size of N / 2xN / 2 by dividing the second coding unit 1302 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, or makes the N / 4xN / 2 sized product. The third coding unit 1314 or the third coding unit 1324 having a size of N / 2 ⁇ N / 4 may be determined.
- a third coding unit eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides at least one of a width and a height of the N / 2 ⁇ N sized second coding unit 1312 to form a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.). May be determined. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second coding unit 1312 in the horizontal direction, so that the third coding unit 1304 having the size of N / 2xN / 2 or the third coding unit 1324 having the size of N / 2xN / 4 is provided. ) May be determined or divided into vertical and horizontal directions to determine the third coding unit 1314 having an N / 4xN / 2 size.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits at least one of a width and a height of the NxN / 2-sized second coding unit 1322 to form a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.). May be determined. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second coding unit 1322 in the vertical direction to form a third coding unit 1304 having an N / 2 ⁇ N / 2 size or a third coding unit 1314 having an N / 4xN / 2 size. ) May be determined or divided into the vertical direction and the horizontal direction to determine the third coding unit 1324 having an N / 2 ⁇ N / 4 size.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a square coding unit (for example, 1300, 1302, 1304) into a horizontal direction or a vertical direction.
- a square coding unit for example, 1300, 1302, 1304
- the first coding unit 1300 having a size of 2Nx2N is split in the vertical direction to determine the first coding unit 1310 having the size of Nx2N, or the first coding unit 1320 having a size of 2NxN is determined by splitting in the horizontal direction.
- the depth of the coding unit determined by dividing the first coding unit 1300 having a 2N ⁇ 2N size in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction is determined by the first encoding. It may be equal to the depth of the unit 1300.
- the width and height of the third coding unit 1314 or 1324 may correspond to 1/4 times the first coding unit 1310 or 1320.
- the depth of the second coding unit 1312 or 1322 which is 1/2 the width and height of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320, may be D + 1.
- the depth of the third coding unit 1314 or 1324 which is 1/4 of the width and the height of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320, may be D + 2.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a depth and a part index (PID) for distinguishing a coding unit, which may be determined according to the shape and size of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- PID depth and a part index
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second coding unit having various forms by dividing the first coding unit 1400 having a square shape. Referring to FIG. 14, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1400 in at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction according to the split mode mode information, and thus the second coding unit 1402a, 1402b, and 1404a. , 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d). That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d based on the split mode mode information about the first coding unit 1400. .
- the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d that are determined according to split mode information about the first coding unit 1400 having a square shape have a long side length.
- the depth can be determined based on the. For example, since the length of one side of the first coding unit 1400 having a square shape and the length of the long side of the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a and 1404b of a non-square shape are the same, the first coding unit ( 1400 and the non-square second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, and 1404b may be regarded as D.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may have a square shape. Since the length of one side of the second coding units 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d is 1/2 times the length of one side of the first coding unit 1400, the length of one side of the second coding units 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d may be increased.
- the depth may be a depth of D + 1 that is one depth lower than the depth D of the first coding unit 1400.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a first coding unit 1410 having a shape having a height greater than a width in a horizontal direction according to split mode mode information, and thus includes a plurality of second coding units 1412a, 1412b, and 1414a. , 1414b, 1414c).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1420 having a shape having a width greater than the height in a vertical direction according to the split mode mode information, thereby providing a plurality of second coding units 1422a, 1422b, and 1424a. , 1424b, 1424c).
- second coding units 1412a, 1412b, 1414a, 1414b, 1414c, 1422a, 1422b, 1424a, and the like may be determined according to split mode mode information about the first coding unit 1410 or 1420 having a non-square shape.
- Depths 1424b and 1424c may be determined based on the length of the long side. For example, since the length of one side of the second coding units 1412a and 1412b having a square shape is 1/2 times the length of one side of the first coding unit 1410 having a non-square shape having a height greater than the width, the square is square.
- the depths of the second coding units 1412a and 1412b of the shape are D + 1, which is one depth lower than the depth D of the first coding unit 1410 of the non-square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the non-square first coding unit 1410 into odd second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c based on the split mode information.
- the odd numbered second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c may include non-square second coding units 1414a and 1414c and square shape second coding units 1414b.
- the length of the long side of the second coding units 1414a and 1414c of the non-square shape and the length of one side of the second coding unit 1414b of the square shape is 1 / time of the length of one side of the first coding unit 1410.
- the depths of the second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c may be a depth of D + 1 that is one depth lower than the depth D of the first coding unit 1410.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 corresponds to the above-described method of determining depths of coding units associated with the first coding unit 1410 and is related to the first coding unit 1420 having a non-square shape having a width greater than the height. Depth of coding units may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size ratio between the coding units.
- the index can be determined based on this. Referring to FIG. 14, a coding unit 1414b positioned at the center of odd-numbered split coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c has the same width as the other coding units 1414a and 1414c but has a different height. It may be twice the height of the fields 1414a, 1414c. That is, in this case, the coding unit 1414b located in the center may include two of the other coding units 1414a and 1414c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether odd-numbered split coding units are not the same size based on whether there is a discontinuity of an index for distinguishing between the divided coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into a specific division type based on a value of an index for dividing the plurality of coding units determined by dividing from the current coding unit. Referring to FIG. 14, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines an even number of coding units 1412a and 1412b by dividing a first coding unit 1410 having a rectangular shape having a height greater than a width, or an odd number of coding units 1414a and 1414b. 1414c). The image decoding apparatus 100 may use an index (PID) indicating each coding unit to distinguish each of the plurality of coding units. According to an embodiment, the PID may be obtained from a sample (eg, an upper left sample) at a predetermined position of each coding unit.
- a sample eg, an upper left sample
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit of a predetermined position among coding units determined by splitting by using an index for dividing coding units. According to an embodiment, when the split mode mode information about the first coding unit 1410 having a height greater than the width is divided into three coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the first coding unit 1410. May be divided into three coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c. The image decoding apparatus 100 may allocate an index for each of three coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c. The image decoding apparatus 100 may compare the indices of the respective coding units to determine the coding unit among the oddly divided coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes a coding unit 1414b having an index corresponding to a center value among the indices based on the indexes of the coding units, and encodes the center position among the coding units determined by splitting the first coding unit 1410. It can be determined as a unit. According to an embodiment, when determining the indexes for distinguishing the divided coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the indexes based on the size ratio between the coding units when the coding units are not the same size. . Referring to FIG. 14, the coding unit 1414b generated by dividing the first coding unit 1410 may include the coding units 1414a and 1414c having the same width but different heights as the other coding units 1414a and 1414c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into a plurality of coding units including a coding unit having a different size from other coding units.
- the split mode mode information is divided into odd coding units, and thus the image decoding apparatus 100 may have a different coding unit (for example, a middle coding unit) having a different size from a coding unit (for example, a middle coding unit) at a predetermined position among the odd coding units.
- the current coding unit may be split in the form.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a different size by using an index (PID) for the coding unit.
- PID index
- the size or position of the coding unit of the predetermined position to be determined are specific to explain an embodiment and should not be construed as being limited thereto. Various indexes and positions and sizes of the coding unit may be used. Should be interpreted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use a predetermined data unit at which recursive division of coding units begins.
- FIG. 15 illustrates that a plurality of coding units are determined according to a plurality of predetermined data units included in a picture according to an embodiment.
- a predetermined data unit may be defined as a data unit in which a coding unit starts to be recursively divided using split type mode information. That is, it may correspond to the coding unit of the highest depth used in the process of determining a plurality of coding units for dividing the current picture.
- a predetermined data unit will be referred to as a reference data unit.
- the reference data unit may represent a predetermined size and shape.
- the reference coding unit may include samples of M ⁇ N. M and N may be the same as each other, and may be an integer represented by a multiplier of two. That is, the reference data unit may represent a square or non-square shape, and then may be divided into integer coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the current picture into a plurality of reference data units. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a plurality of reference data units for dividing a current picture by using split mode mode information for each reference data unit. The division process of the reference data unit may correspond to the division process using a quad-tree structure.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may predetermine the minimum size of the reference data unit included in the current picture. Accordingly, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a reference data unit having various sizes having a minimum size or more, and determine at least one coding unit using split mode mode information based on the determined reference data unit. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use a reference coding unit 1500 having a square shape, or may use a reference coding unit 1502 having a non-square shape.
- the shape and size of the reference coding unit may include various data units (eg, a sequence, a picture, a slice, and a slice segment) that may include at least one reference coding unit. slice segment, tile, tile group, maximum coding unit, etc.).
- the receiving unit 110 of the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain at least one of information on the shape of a reference coding unit and information on the size of the reference coding unit from each bitstream. .
- the process of determining at least one coding unit included in the reference coding unit 1500 having a square shape is described above by splitting the current coding unit 300 of FIG. 3, and the reference coding unit having a non-square shape 1502. Since the process of determining at least one coding unit included in the above) is described above through the process of splitting the current coding unit 400 or 450 of FIG. 4, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size and shape of the reference coding unit in order to determine the size and shape of the reference coding unit according to some data unit predetermined based on a predetermined condition.
- a predetermined condition eg, a size of a slice or less
- the various data units eg, sequence, picture, slice, slice segment, tile, tile group, maximum coding unit, etc.
- Only an index for identifying the size and shape of the reference coding unit may be obtained for each slice, slice segment, tile, tile group, maximum coding unit, and the like as a data unit satisfying a data unit having a).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size and shape of the reference data unit for each data unit satisfying the predetermined condition by using the index.
- the use efficiency of the bitstream may not be good, and thus the shape of the reference coding unit
- only the index may be obtained and used.
- at least one of the size and shape of the reference coding unit corresponding to the index indicating the size and shape of the reference coding unit may be predetermined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 selects at least one of the predetermined size and shape of the reference coding unit according to the index, thereby selecting at least one of the size and shape of the reference coding unit included in the data unit that is the reference for index acquisition. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use at least one reference coding unit included in one maximum coding unit. That is, at least one reference coding unit may be included in the maximum coding unit for dividing an image, and the coding unit may be determined through a recursive division process of each reference coding unit. According to an embodiment, at least one of the width and the height of the maximum coding unit may correspond to an integer multiple of at least one of the width and the height of the reference coding unit. According to an embodiment, the size of the reference coding unit may be a size obtained by dividing the maximum coding unit n times according to a quad tree structure.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the reference coding unit by dividing the maximum coding unit n times according to the quad tree structure, and according to various embodiments, the reference coding unit may include at least one of block shape information and split shape mode information. It can divide based on one.
- 16 is a diagram of a processing block serving as a reference for determining a determination order of a reference coding unit included in a picture, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one processing block for dividing a picture.
- the processing block is a data unit including at least one reference coding unit for dividing an image, and the at least one reference coding unit included in the processing block may be determined in a specific order. That is, the determination order of at least one reference coding unit determined in each processing block may correspond to one of various types of order in which the reference coding unit may be determined, and the reference coding unit determination order determined in each processing block. May be different per processing block.
- the order of determination of the reference coding units determined for each processing block is raster scan, Z-scan, N-scan, up-right diagonal scan, and horizontal scan. It may be one of various orders such as a horizontal scan, a vertical scan, etc., but the order that may be determined should not be construed as being limited to the scan orders.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of at least one processing block included in the image by obtaining information about the size of the processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of at least one processing block included in the image by obtaining information about the size of the processing block from the bitstream.
- the size of such a processing block may be a predetermined size of a data unit indicated by the information about the size of the processing block.
- the receiver 110 of the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about the size of a processing block from a bitstream for each specific data unit.
- the information about the size of the processing block may be obtained from the bitstream in data units such as an image, a sequence, a picture, a slice, a slice segment, a tile, and a tile group. That is, the receiver 110 may obtain information about the size of the processing block from the bitstream for each of the various data units, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may at least divide the picture using the information about the size of the acquired processing block.
- the size of one processing block may be determined, and the size of the processing block may be an integer multiple of the reference coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the sizes of the processing blocks 1602 and 1612 included in the picture 1600. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the processing block based on the information about the size of the processing block obtained from the bitstream. Referring to FIG. 16, according to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may have a horizontal size of the processing blocks 1602 and 1612 equal to four times the horizontal size of the reference coding unit and four times the vertical size of the reference coding unit. You can decide. The image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an order in which at least one reference coding unit is determined in at least one processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine each processing block 1602 and 1612 included in the picture 1600 based on the size of the processing block, and include the processing block 1602 and 1612 in the processing block 1602 and 1612.
- a determination order of at least one reference coding unit may be determined.
- the determination of the reference coding unit may include the determination of the size of the reference coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a determination order of at least one reference coding unit included in at least one processing block from a bitstream, and based on the obtained determination order The order in which at least one reference coding unit is determined may be determined.
- the information about the determination order may be defined in an order or direction in which reference coding units are determined in the processing block. That is, the order in which the reference coding units are determined may be independently determined for each processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information about a determination order of a reference coding unit from a bitstream for each specific data unit.
- the receiver 110 may obtain information on the determination order of the reference coding unit from the bitstream for each data unit such as an image, a sequence, a picture, a slice, a slice segment, a tile, a tile group, and a processing block.
- the information about the determination order of the reference coding unit indicates the determination order of the reference coding unit in the processing block
- the information about the determination order may be obtained for each specific data unit including an integer number of processing blocks.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one reference coding unit based on the order determined according to the embodiment.
- the receiver 110 may obtain information about a reference coding unit determination order from the bitstream as information related to the processing blocks 1602 and 1612, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may process the processing block ( An order of determining at least one reference coding unit included in 1602 and 1612 may be determined, and at least one reference coding unit included in the picture 1600 may be determined according to the determination order of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine determination orders 1604 and 1614 of at least one reference coding unit associated with each processing block 1602 and 1612. For example, when information about the determination order of the reference coding unit is obtained for each processing block, the reference coding unit determination order associated with each processing block 1602 and 1612 may be different for each processing block.
- the reference coding units included in the processing block 1602 may be determined according to the raster scan order.
- the reference coding unit determination order 1614 associated with another processing block 1612 is the reverse order of the raster scan order
- the reference coding units included in the processing block 1612 may be determined according to the reverse order of the raster scan order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode at least one determined reference coding unit according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may decode an image based on the reference coding unit determined through the above-described embodiment.
- the method of decoding the reference coding unit may include various methods of decoding an image.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain and use block shape information indicating a shape of a current coding unit or split mode mode information indicating a method of dividing a current coding unit from a bitstream.
- Partition type mode information may be included in a bitstream associated with various data units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a video parameter set, a slice header, and a slice segment header. The segmentation mode information included in the segment header, the tile header, and the tile group header may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain and use a syntax element corresponding to the block type information or the split type mode information from the bitstream from the bitstream for each maximum coding unit, reference coding unit, and processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a segmentation rule of an image.
- the division rule may be predetermined between the image decoding apparatus 100 and the image encoding apparatus 2200.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a segmentation rule of an image based on the information obtained from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a video parameter set, a slice header, a slice segment header,
- the division rule may be determined based on information obtained from at least one of a tile header and a tile group header.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a division rule differently according to a frame, slice, tile, temporal layer, maximum coding unit, or coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a division rule based on a block shape of a coding unit.
- the block shape may include a size, shape, a ratio of a width and a height, and a direction of a coding unit.
- the image encoding apparatus 2200 and the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine in advance that the division rule is to be determined based on the block shape of the coding unit. But it is not limited thereto.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a division rule based on the information obtained from the bitstream received from the image encoding apparatus 2200.
- the shape of the coding unit may include square and non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a shape of the coding unit as a square. Also, .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the shape of the coding unit as a non-square.
- the size of the coding unit may include various sizes of 4x4, 8x4, 4x8, 8x8, 16x4, 16x8, ..., 256x256.
- the size of the coding unit may be classified according to the length of the long side, the length or the width of the short side of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may apply the same division rule to coding units classified into the same group. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may classify coding units having the same long side length into the same size. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may apply the same division rule to coding units having the same long side length.
- the ratio of the width and height of a coding unit is 1: 2, 2: 1, 1: 4, 4: 1, 1: 8, 8: 1, 1:16, 16: 1, 32: 1, or 1:32. It may include.
- the direction of the coding unit may include a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.
- the horizontal direction may represent a case where the length of the width of the coding unit is longer than the length of the height.
- the vertical direction may represent a case where the length of the width of the coding unit is shorter than the length of the height.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may adaptively determine a division rule based on the size of a coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may differently determine an acceptable division type mode based on the size of a coding unit. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether division is allowed based on the size of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a split direction according to the size of a coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an acceptable division type according to the size of a coding unit.
- the determination of the division rule based on the size of the coding unit may be a predetermined division rule between the image encoding apparatus 2200 and the image decoding apparatus 100. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a division rule based on the information obtained from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may adaptively determine a division rule based on the position of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may adaptively determine a segmentation rule based on a position occupied by the coding unit in the image.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a division rule such that coding units generated by different division paths do not have the same block shape.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and coding units generated by different split paths may have the same block shape. Coding units generated by different split paths may have different decoding processing orders. Since the decoding processing procedure has been described with reference to FIG. 12, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- a current block is in contact with an upper boundary line of a maximum coding unit including the current block according to an embodiment disclosed herein with reference to FIGS. 17 to 20, and the current block is the upper side of the maximum coding unit. If it is determined that it is in contact with a boundary line, the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line, and if it is determined that the current block is not in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the upper reference line of the current block Is determined based on N reference lines, and a method and apparatus for encoding or decoding video for performing prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line are described in detail.
- 17 is a block diagram of a video encoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may include a memory 1710 and at least one processor 1720 connected to the memory 1710. Operations of the video encoding apparatus 1700 according to an embodiment may operate as individual processors or may be operated by control of a central processor.
- the memory 1710 of the video encoding apparatus 1700 may store data received from the outside and data generated by a processor, for example, information about an upper reference line of the current block.
- the processor 1720 of the video encoding apparatus 1700 determines whether a current block is in contact with an upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current block, and when it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit. If it is determined that the upper reference line of the current block is one reference line, and it is determined that the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the upper reference line of the current block is N reference lines. And based on the determined upper reference line, prediction may be performed on the current block.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 determines whether a current block is in contact with an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including the current block, and the current block is the upper side of the maximum coding unit. If it is determined that it is in contact with a boundary line, the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line, and if it is determined that the current block is not in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the upper reference line of the current block Is determined based on N reference lines, and a detailed operation of a video encoding method of performing prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line will be described in detail.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a video encoding method, according to an embodiment.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may determine whether a current block contacts an upper boundary line of a maximum coding unit including the current block.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may determine an upper reference line of the current block as one reference line.
- one reference line may be a reference line in contact with an upper side of the current block.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may determine an upper reference line of the current block based on N reference lines. have. Where N is a natural number.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may generate reference line information indicating the value of N.
- reference line information may not be generated.
- the value of N may be determined through calculation of Sum of Transform Difference (SATD) or Rate Distortion Optimization (RDO), so that reference line information indicating N may be encoded.
- SATD Sum of Transform Difference
- RDO Rate Distortion Optimization
- the upper reference line may be determined as the first reference line that contacts the upper side of the current block. have.
- the upper reference line is a first reference line and the first reference line that contacts an upper side of the current block. It may include a second reference line in contact with the upper side of the first reference line.
- the upper reference line is above the first reference line in contact with the upper side of the current block. It may be determined to be in contact with the second reference line. That is, when N is 2, a reference line located second above the current block may be determined as an upper reference line.
- the upper reference line is the first reference line that contacts the upper side of the current block
- the first reference line when it is determined that the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, and if N is 3, the upper reference line is the first reference line that contacts the upper side of the current block, the first reference line.
- the second reference line may be in contact with the upper side of the first reference line
- the fourth reference line may be in contact with the upper side of the third reference line in contact with the upper side of the second reference line.
- the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, and when N is 3, the upper reference line is above the first reference line that contacts the upper side of the current block. It may be determined as a fourth reference line in contact with the upper side of the third reference line in contact with the upper side of the second reference line. That is, when N is 3, a reference line located fourth above the current block may be determined as an upper reference line.
- the left reference line located to the left of the current block may be determined based on the N reference lines located to the left of the current block.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may perform prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line.
- prediction may be performed on the current block using the determined upper reference line and the left reference line determined based on the N reference lines positioned to the left of the current block.
- 19 and 20 illustrate a block diagram of a video decoding apparatus according to an embodiment corresponding to each of the video encoding apparatus and the video encoding method described above, and a flowchart of a video decoding method according to an embodiment.
- 19 is a block diagram of a video decoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may include a memory 1910 and at least one processor 1920 connected to the memory 1910. Operations of the video decoding apparatus 1900 according to an embodiment may operate as individual processors or may be operated by control of a central processor.
- the memory 1910 of the video decoding apparatus 1900 may store data received from the outside and data generated by a processor, for example, information on an upper reference line of the current block.
- the processor 1920 of the video decoding apparatus 1900 determines whether the current block is in contact with an upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current block, and the current block corresponds to the maximum coding unit. If it is determined that the upper boundary line is in contact with, the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line, and if it is determined that the current block is not in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the upper side of the current block A reference line may be determined based on N reference lines, and prediction may be performed on the current block based on the determined upper reference line.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 determines whether a current block is in contact with an upper boundary line of a maximum coding unit including the current block, and the current block is the upper side of the maximum coding unit. If it is determined that it is in contact with a boundary line, the upper reference line of the current block is determined as one reference line, and if it is determined that the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the upper reference line of the current block Is determined based on N reference lines, and a detailed operation of a video decoding method of performing prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line will be described in detail.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a video decoding method, according to an embodiment.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may determine whether a current block contacts an upper boundary of a maximum coding unit including the current block.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may determine an upper reference line of the current block as one reference line.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may determine an upper reference line of the current block based on N reference lines. have.
- N may be determined by reference line information obtained from the bitstream.
- the reference line information when it is determined that the current block is in contact with the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the reference line information may not be obtained.
- the upper reference line may be determined as the first reference line that contacts the upper side of the current block. have.
- the upper reference line is the first reference line and the first reference line that contact the upper side of the current block. It may include a second reference line in contact with the upper side of the first reference line.
- the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, and when N is 2, the upper reference line is above the first reference line that contacts the upper side of the current block. It may be determined to be in contact with the second reference line. That is, when N is 2, a reference line located second above the current block may be determined as an upper reference line.
- the upper reference line is a first reference line that contacts an upper side of the current block, the first reference line.
- the second reference line may be in contact with the upper side of the first reference line
- the fourth reference line may be in contact with the upper side of the third reference line in contact with the upper side of the second reference line.
- the current block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, and when N is 3, the upper reference line is above the first reference line that contacts the upper side of the current block. It may be determined as a fourth reference line in contact with the upper side of the third reference line in contact with the upper side of the second reference line. That is, when N is 3, a reference line located fourth above the current block may be determined as an upper reference line.
- the left reference line located to the left of the current block may be determined based on the N reference lines located to the left of the current block.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may perform prediction on the current block based on the determined upper reference line.
- prediction may be performed on the current block using the determined upper reference line and the left reference line determined based on the N reference lines positioned to the left of the current block.
- the reference sample without the sample value in the upper reference line may be padded using a predetermined default value. That is, the sample value of the reference sample having no sample value in the upper reference line may be determined as a predetermined default value.
- a reference sample value with a sample value in the upper reference line may be padded with a reference sample without the sample value in the upper reference line. have. That is, the sample value of the reference sample having no sample value in the upper reference line may be determined as the reference sample value having the sample value in the upper reference line.
- the reference sample without the sample value in the upper reference line is regenerated using the reference sample value having the sample value in the upper reference line. Can be.
- the sample value of the reference line without the sample value may be padded using a predetermined default value. That is, the sample value of the reference line without the sample value may be determined as a predetermined default value.
- a reference sample value with a sample value may be padded with a reference sample without the sample value. That is, the sample value of the reference line without the sample value may be determined as the sample value of the reference line with the sample value.
- the sample of the reference line without the sample value may be regenerated using the sample value of the reference line with the sample value.
- the problem of increasing the amount of reference line buffers generated by using the plurality of reference lines is solved.
- a plurality of reference lines are stored and used in a reference line buffer
- when a current block is in contact with an upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current block only one reference line closest to the upper boundary is stored.
- the buffer amount is reduced in terms of the maximum coding unit. For example, even when prediction is performed using only one reference line among a plurality of reference lines, in order to determine which line of the plurality of reference lines to use, all of the plurality of reference lines must be stored, but the upper boundary lines are in contact with each other. In this case, since only one reference line in contact with the upper boundary line is stored and used, the buffer amount is reduced in terms of the maximum coding unit.
- one upper reference line is used when the current block contacts the upper boundary of the largest coding unit including the current block, and N blocks if the current block does not touch the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit.
- a method of determining the reference line based on the upper reference line is described below with reference to FIG. 21.
- 21 is a diagram for describing a method of using at least one reference line, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the reference lines 2121, 2131, 2141, and 2151 located above the current block 2110 and the current are present.
- Reference lines 2122, 2132, 2142, and 2152 located on the left side of block 2110 may be used.
- the reference line positioned above the first upper reference line 2121 in contact with the upper side of the current block 2110, the second upper reference line 2131 in contact with the upper side of the first upper reference line 2121, and A third upper reference line 2141 in contact with an upper side of the second upper reference line 2131, and a fourth upper reference line 2151 in contact with an upper side of the third upper reference line 2141, and positioned at a left side
- the reference line may include a first left reference line 2122 in contact with the left side of the current block 2110, a second left reference line 2132 in contact with the left side of the first left reference line 2122, and the second left reference line.
- the third left reference line 2142 may be in contact with the left side of the 2132, and the fourth left reference line 2152 may be in contact with the left side of the third left reference line 2142.
- the third upper reference line 2141 and the third left reference line 2142 may not be used.
- the multi-reference line prediction checks samples at various positions and uses the most efficient reference sample, the third reference line is not used, and at least one of the first, second, and fourth reference lines is not used. Reference lines can be used.
- MRL index is an index indicating one reference line used in prediction of the current block among a plurality of reference lines used in multiple reference line prediction.
- the first upper reference line 2121 in contact with the upper side of the current block and the first left in contact with the left side of the current block Reference line 2122 may be used. That is, when "MRL index" is 0, the first upper reference line 2121 and the first left reference line 2122, which are the first reference line of the upper reference line and the left reference line of the current block, may be used.
- a first upper reference line 2121 contacting an upper side of the current block and a second upper contact line of the first upper reference line 2121.
- An upper reference line 2131, a first left reference line 2122 in contact with the left side of the current block, and a second left reference line 2132 in contact with the left side of the first left reference line 2122 may be used.
- the second upper reference line 2131 in contact with the upper side of the current block and the second left in contact with the left side of the current block Reference line 2132 may be used. That is, when “MRL index" is 1, the second upper reference line 2131 and the second left reference line 2132, which are the second reference line of the upper reference line and the left reference line of the current block, may be used.
- N when N is 3, in the prediction for the current block, a first upper reference line 2121 contacting the upper side of the current block and a second upper contact line of the first upper reference line 2131.
- a fourth upper reference line 2151 in contact with an upper side of an upper reference line 2131, an upper side of a third upper reference line 2141 in contact with an upper side of the second upper reference line 2131, and a first left side in contact with a left side of a current block
- a fourth left reference line 2152 adjoining the left side of may be used.
- three upper reference lines of the first upper reference line 2121, the second upper reference line 2131, the fourth upper reference line 2151, the first left reference line 2122, and the second left reference line ( 2132, three left reference lines of the fourth left reference line 2152 may be used.
- the fourth upper reference line 2151 which is in contact with the upper side of the current block and the fourth left which is in contact with the left side of the current block Reference line 2152 may be used. That is, when “MRL index” is 2, the fourth upper reference line 2151 and the fourth left reference line 2152, which are the fourth reference line of the upper reference line and the left reference line of the current block, may be used.
- the first upper reference line 2121 of and the first left reference line 2122 of the left side of the current block may be used.
- the first upper reference line above the current block 2110 in prediction of the current block. 2121 and a first left reference line 2122 and a second left reference line 2132 on the left side of the current block may be used.
- the first upper reference line 2121 of the second block and the second left reference line 2132 of the current block may be used.
- the current block is in contact with the upper boundary of the largest coding unit including the current block,
- N 3
- the first upper reference line 2121 on the upper side of the current block 2110, the first left reference line 2122 on the left side of the current block, and the second left reference line 2132, and a fourth left reference line 2152 may be used.
- the first upper reference line 2121 of and the fourth left reference line 2152 of the left side of the current block may be used.
- N may be determined through SATD or RDO calculation, so that reference line information indicating N may be signaled.
- reference line information indicating N when the current block contacts the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current block, reference line information indicating N may not be generated.
- N may be determined through reference line information indicating the signaled N.
- reference line information indicating N when the current block contacts the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current block, reference line information indicating N may not be obtained.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a video encoding method according to another embodiment.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 of FIG. 17 may perform an operation according to the video encoding method of FIG. 22.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may include a memory 1710 and at least one processor 1720 connected to the memory 1710. Operations of the video encoding apparatus 1700 according to an embodiment may operate as individual processors or may be operated by control of a central processor.
- the memory 1710 of the video encoding apparatus 1700 may store data received from the outside and data generated by a processor, for example, information about an upper reference line of a current luma block.
- the processor 1720 of the video encoding apparatus 1700 determines whether the current luma block is in contact with the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current luma block, and the current luma block is in contact with the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit. If it is determined that the upper reference line of the current luma block is determined to be one reference line, and it is determined that the current luma block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the upper reference line of the current luma block is 2 The number of reference lines may be determined, and prediction on the current chroma block corresponding to the current luma block may be performed based on the determined upper reference line.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may determine whether a current luma block contacts an upper boundary line of a maximum coding unit including the current luma block.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may determine an upper reference line of the current luma block as one reference line.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may determine an upper reference line of the current luma block as two reference lines. have.
- the two upper reference lines may include a first reference line in contact with an upper side of the current block and a second reference line in contact with an upper side of the first reference line.
- the video encoding apparatus 1700 may perform prediction on the current chroma block corresponding to the current luma block based on the determined upper reference line.
- the prediction for the current chroma block corresponding to the current luma block may be performed based on the determined upper reference line and two left reference lines.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a video decoding method according to another embodiment.
- the video encoding apparatus 1900 of FIG. 19 may perform an operation according to the video encoding method of FIG. 23.
- the video encoding apparatus 1900 may include a memory 1910 and at least one processor 1920 connected to the memory 1910. Operations of the video encoding apparatus 1900 according to an embodiment may operate as individual processors or may be operated by control of a central processor.
- the memory 1910 of the video encoding apparatus 1900 may store data received from the outside and data generated by a processor, for example, information on an upper reference line of a current luma block.
- the processor 1920 of the video encoding apparatus 1900 determines whether the current luma block is in contact with the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current luma block, and the current luma block is in contact with the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit. If it is determined that the upper reference line of the current luma block is determined to be one reference line, and it is determined that the current luma block does not contact the upper boundary line of the maximum coding unit, the upper reference line of the current luma block is 2 The number of reference lines may be determined, and prediction on the current chroma block corresponding to the current luma block may be performed based on the determined upper reference line.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may determine whether a current luma block contacts an upper boundary line of a maximum coding unit including the current luma block.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may determine an upper reference line of the current luma block as one reference line.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may determine an upper reference line of the current luma block as two reference lines. have.
- the two upper reference lines may include a first reference line in contact with an upper side of the current luma block and a second reference line in contact with an upper side of the first reference line.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may perform prediction on a current chroma block corresponding to the current luma block based on the determined upper reference line.
- the prediction for the current chroma block corresponding to the current luma block may be performed based on the determined upper reference line and two left reference lines.
- a method of performing prediction on the current chroma block by using the relationship between the luma reference sample of the current luma block and the chroma reference sample of the current chroma block is described below with reference to FIGS. 24A to 25B.
- FIG. 24A illustrates luma samples located around the current luma block and chroma samples located around the current chroma block, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 24B illustrates luma samples of the current luma block, according to an embodiment. The chroma sample of the current chroma block is shown.
- one or more chroma samples may be predicted using N predetermined luma samples to predict the chroma samples.
- the N luma samples are the luma samples of the current luma block and the surrounding samples of the luma samples of the corresponding current luma block corresponding to the position of the chroma samples of the current chroma block, or correspond to the positions of the chroma samples of the current chroma block.
- the predictor of the chroma sample ( ) May be expressed as Equation 1 or 2.
- predictors of chroma samples Is each of the sample values of the luma samples (eg, L 1 ) or the difference values (eg, ⁇ L 1 ) for which the mean value of the luma samples and the luma samples is different and the corresponding weight (eg, ⁇ 1 ) represents the sum of the weights plus the deviation value.
- some of the weights ⁇ 1 to ⁇ N may be zero.
- the prediction mode of the neighboring luma block of the current luma block is an intra prediction mode
- the weighting information is a modeling parameter value indicating the correlation between the luma sample of the surrounding luma block and the chroma sample of the surrounding chroma block, and the current chroma block.
- the chroma sample of is recovered using six luma samples of the reconstructed luma samples of the current luma block, six weight values corresponding to each of the six luma samples, and a deviation value of one of the deviation information, 6
- the weights of the dogs may be values generated by multiplying a predetermined fixed weight according to an intra prediction mode by a modeling parameter value indicating an association between a luma sample and a chroma sample.
- the modeling parameters are ⁇ 1 ,... , ⁇ N for s ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ip, 1 ,.. , s ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ip, N , and ⁇ ⁇ ip, 1 ,... , ⁇ ⁇ ip, N , so that only modeling parameters s and ⁇ can be used.
- the fixed weight ⁇ ⁇ ip, 1 ,... According to the intra prediction mode.
- the value of ⁇ ⁇ ip, N may be the same or different depending on the intra prediction mode regardless of the intra prediction mode.
- FIG. 25A illustrates luma samples positioned around the current luma block and chroma samples positioned around the current chroma block according to another embodiment
- FIG. 25B illustrates luma samples positioned on the periphery of the current chroma block according to another embodiment. The chroma sample of the current chroma block is shown.
- Weight information and deviation information on the correlation of the chroma sample 2560 among the reconstructed chroma samples 2540 adjacent to the current chroma block 2580 among the L ′ 3 2550 and the chroma block 2520 may be obtained.
- the current chroma block 2580 may be derived using the weight information, the deviation information, and the reconstructed luma samples L ' 1 to L' 3 2590 of the current luma block 2570. Chroma samples 2591 may be restored.
- the reference line adjacent to the left side of the current luma block uses two reference lines as it is, the weight information and the deviation information on the correlation between the six surrounding luma samples and the surrounding chroma samples are similar to those of FIGS. Derived and chroma samples of the current chroma block 2480 using the reconstructed luma samples L1 to L6 (2490) of the current luma block. 2491 may be restored.
- the current luma block when the current luma block is in contact with the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current luma block, to predict the chroma block from the luma block under the condition of using one reference line in contact with the upper side of the current luma block.
- the number and location of samples used may vary depending on the algorithm.
- the number and position of samples used to predict the chroma block from the luma block may be changed according to an algorithm.
- FIG. 26A illustrates an embodiment in which the number of upper reference lines and left reference lines are different
- FIG. 26B illustrates an embodiment in which the number of upper reference lines and the left reference lines are the same
- FIG. 26C illustrates the upper reference line and the left reference line.
- the number of upper reference lines 2620 and left reference lines 2630 of the current block 2610 may be different.
- the number of the upper reference lines 2620 located above the current block 2610 is determined as N
- the number of the left reference lines 2630 positioned at the left side of the current block 2610 is determined as M.
- the number of times is determined as N
- the number of left reference lines 2630 positioned on the left side of the current block 2610 is determined as M and M ⁇ N.
- whether one reference line or N reference lines are used may be determined through a flag. Whether one reference line or N predetermined reference lines are used through a flag in a frame unit, a maximum coding unit, or a block unit may be determined.
- whether the decoding apparatus uses one reference line or N predetermined reference lines is determined by the use of the reference block of the current block. It can be determined without a flag depending on the availability.
- the current block is in contact with the upper boundary of the largest coding unit containing the current block, when a flag of whether to use one reference line or a predetermined N reference lines is used, it is applied to the luma and chroma blocks simultaneously or , Luma blocks or chroma blocks alone.
- whether to use one reference line or a predetermined N reference lines is different from each other for the luma block and the chroma block. For example, the size of the block, intra mode, reference availability).
- whether to use one reference line or a predetermined N reference lines depends on the size of the current block without signaling of a flag. Can be determined.
- Whether or not to use a plurality of reference lines may be determined.
- a plurality of reference lines for example, an LM chroma and an adaptive loop filter (ALF)
- the current block is in contact with the upper boundary of the maximum coding unit including the current block. It may be allowed to use reference lines.
- M% for example, M Is greater than or equal to 50
- M% for example, M Is greater than or equal to 50
- whether to apply without separate signaling may be determined by using the surrounding information.
- the number of the upper reference lines 2621 and the left reference lines 2651 of the current block 2611 are both M Can be determined to be dogs.
- an area corresponding to MN above the N upper reference lines can be filled by padding using pixels above the N upper reference lines.
- pixels of an area equal to M-N may be generated using pixels of one or more reference lines in the N upper reference lines.
- the generation method may use various methods such as padding, extrapolation, and filtering.
- padding may be filled by using gradients between two adjacent reference lines to fill an area corresponding to MN of the N upper reference lines. .
- the method of using the tool varies according to the condition.
- the reference line of can be generated through padding, linear extrapolation, and non-linear filtering using one upper line. In this case, other information that can be used in the vicinity may be used together.
- Computer-readable recording media include storage media such as magnetic storage media (eg, ROMs, floppy disks, hard disks, etc.) and optical reading media (eg, CD-ROMs, DVDs, etc.).
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 현재 블록이 상기 현재 블록이 포함된 최대 부호화 단위의 상측 경계선에 접하는지 판단하는 단계;상기 현재 블록이 상기 최대 부호화 단위의 상기 상측 경계선에 접하는 것으로 판단되면, 상기 현재 블록의 상측 참조 라인을 1개의 참조 라인으로 결정하는 단계;상기 현재 블록이 상기 최대 부호화 단위의 상기 상측 경계선에 접하지 않는 것으로 판단되면, 상기 현재 블록의 상측 참조 라인을 N개의 참조 라인들에 기초하여 결정하는 단계;상기 결정된 상기 상측 참조 라인에 기초하여 상기 현재 블록에 대한 예측을 수행하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 N은 자연수인, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 N은 비트스트림으로부터 획득된 참조 라인 정보에 의해 결정되는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 현재 블록이 상기 최대 부호화 단위의 상기 상측 경계선에 접하는 것으로 판단되면, 상기 참조 라인 정보는 획득되지 않는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 N이 2이면,상기 상측 참조 라인은 상기 현재 블록의 상측에 접하는 제1 참조 라인의 상측에 접하는 제2 참조 라인으로 결정되는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 N이 3이면,상기 상측 참조 라인은 상기 현재 블록의 상측에 접하는 제1 참조 라인의 상측에 접하는 제2 참조 라인의 상측에 접하는 제3 참조 라인의 상측에 접하는 제4 참조 라인으로 결정되는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 현재 블록의 좌측에 위치하는 좌측 참조 라인은 N개의 참조 라인에 기초하여 결정되는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 상측 참조 라인에 샘플값이 없는 참조 라인이 존재하면, 미리결정된 디폴트 값이 상기 샘플값이 없는 참조 라인의 샘플 값으로 패딩 되는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 상측 참조 라인에 샘플값이 없는 참조 라인이 존재하면, 샘플 값을 가진 참조 샘플 값이 상기 샘플값이 없는 참조 샘플으로 패딩되거나 샘플 값을 가진 참조 라인의 샘플 값을 이용하여 상기 샘플값이 없는 참조 라인의 샘플이 재생성되는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 현재 루마 블록이 상기 현재 루마 블록이 포함된 최대 부호화 단위의 상측 경계선에 접하는지 판단하는 단계;상기 현재 루마 블록이 상기 최대 부호화 단위의 상기 상측 경계선에 접하는 것으로 판단되면, 상기 현재 루마 블록의 상측 참조 라인을 1개의 참조 라인으로 결정하는 단계;상기 현재 루마 블록이 상기 최대 부호화 단위의 상기 상측 경계선에 접하지 않는 것으로 판단되면, 상기 현재 루마 블록의 상측 참조 라인을 2개의 참조 라인들로 결정하는 단계;상기 결정된 상기 상측 참조 라인에 기초하여 상기 현재 루마 블록에 대응되는 현재 크로마 블록에 대한 예측을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 2개의 참조 라인은 상기 현재 루마 블록의 상측에 접하는 제1 참조 라인 및 상기 제1 참조 라인의 상측에 접하는 제2 참조 라인을 포함하는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 상측 참조 라인에 포함된 상기 현재 루마 블록의 루마 참조 샘플들과 상기 현재 크로마 블록의 상측에 접하는 크로마 참조 샘플 사이의 관계를 이용하여 가중치 정보 및 편차 정보가 결정되고,상기 가중치 정보, 상기 편차 정보, 및 상기 현재 루마 블록의 루마 샘플들에 기초하여 상기 현재 크로마 블록을 결정함으로써 상기 현재 크로마 블록에 대한 예측이 수행되는, 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 현재 블록이 상기 현재 블록이 포함된 최대 부호화 단위의 상측 경계선에 접하는지 판단하는 단계;상기 현재 블록이 상기 최대 부호화 단위의 상기 상측 경계선에 접하는 것으로 판단되면, 상기 현재 블록의 상측 참조 라인을 1개의 참조 라인으로 결정하는 단계;상기 현재 블록이 상기 최대 부호화 단위의 상기 상측 경계선에 접하지 않는 것으로 판단되면, 상기 현재 블록의 상측 참조 라인을 N개의 참조 라인들에 기초하여 결정하는 단계;상기 결정된 상기 상측 참조 라인에 기초하여 상기 현재 블록에 대한 예측을 수행하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 N은 자연수인, 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 N의 값을 나타내는 참조 라인 정보을 생성하는 단계를 포함하는, 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 13 항에 있어서,상기 현재 블록이 상기 최대 부호화 단위의 상기 상측 경계선에 접하는 것으로 판단되면, 상기 참조 라인 정보는 생성되지 않는, 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 N이 3이면,상기 상측 참조 라인은 상기 현재 블록의 상측에 접하는 제1 참조 라인의 상측에 접하는 제2 참조 라인의 상측에 접하는 제3 참조 라인의 상측에 접하는 제4 참조 라인으로 결정되는, 비디오 부호화 방법.
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2019
- 2019-07-11 CN CN201980059676.9A patent/CN112690001B/zh active Active
- 2019-07-11 KR KR1020207028109A patent/KR20210019401A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-07-11 US US17/259,455 patent/US11736682B2/en active Active
- 2019-07-11 BR BR112021000224-3A patent/BR112021000224A2/pt unknown
- 2019-07-11 EP EP19834458.2A patent/EP3823283A4/en active Pending
- 2019-07-11 WO PCT/KR2019/008565 patent/WO2020013627A1/ko active Search and Examination
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2023
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- 2023-07-19 US US18/354,850 patent/US20230362357A1/en active Pending
- 2023-07-19 US US18/354,870 patent/US20230362358A1/en active Pending
- 2023-07-19 US US18/354,839 patent/US20230370583A1/en active Pending
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US20230362359A1 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
KR20210019401A (ko) | 2021-02-22 |
US11736682B2 (en) | 2023-08-22 |
EP3823283A1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
US20230362358A1 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
EP3823283A4 (en) | 2022-06-08 |
US20210281834A1 (en) | 2021-09-09 |
CN112690001A (zh) | 2021-04-20 |
CN112690001B (zh) | 2024-04-12 |
US20230370583A1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
BR112021000224A2 (pt) | 2021-04-06 |
US20230362357A1 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
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