WO2019216383A1 - ばねの製造方法及びばね - Google Patents
ばねの製造方法及びばね Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019216383A1 WO2019216383A1 PCT/JP2019/018600 JP2019018600W WO2019216383A1 WO 2019216383 A1 WO2019216383 A1 WO 2019216383A1 JP 2019018600 W JP2019018600 W JP 2019018600W WO 2019216383 A1 WO2019216383 A1 WO 2019216383A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- stress
- load
- manufacturing
- measured
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/04—Wound springs
- F16F1/06—Wound springs with turns lying in cylindrical surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F35/00—Making springs from wire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/04—Wound springs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/04—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring elastic deformation of gauges, e.g. of springs
- G01L1/042—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring elastic deformation of gauges, e.g. of springs of helical springs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0038—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pushing force
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/14—Torsion springs consisting of bars or tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/18—Leaf springs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/32—Belleville-type springs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
- F16F2226/02—Surface treatments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
- F16F2226/04—Assembly or fixing methods; methods to form or fashion parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/0047—Measuring, indicating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/607—Specific applications or type of materials strain
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a spring such as a coil spring and the spring.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method for measuring the residual stress of each product after shot peening by non-destructive inspection for each product.
- Patent Document 1 is an invention for confirming the effect of only the shot peening process, whereas the spring as an actual product is affected by the previous process, and the shape changes with the load, and the stress distribution is large. Change. That is, Patent Document 1 is insufficient for evaluating a spring as a product. Therefore, there is a need for a spring manufacturing method and a spring that confirms the stress distribution of the spring while a load is applied.
- the present embodiment is proposed in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a spring manufacturing method and a spring for confirming the stress distribution of the spring when a load is applied.
- a method of manufacturing a spring according to the present invention includes a step of applying a load to the spring, a step of measuring the stress of the spring while the load is applied, and a load applied to the spring. And releasing.
- the spring stress may be measured by measuring the surface stress of the effective portion of the spring using X-ray diffraction by the cos ⁇ method.
- the step of applying a load to the spring may hold the load with a jig.
- the load to be applied can be 0 to the maximum load in use.
- the load is assumed to be applied according to the layout and purpose of installing the spring.
- the spring manufacturing method according to the present invention may include a step of determining whether the measured magnitude of the spring stress satisfies a standard. If it is determined in the determination step that the standard is not satisfied, it is excluded as NG.
- the spring may be a coil spring, a leaf spring, a stabilizer, a torsion bar, or a disc spring, but is not limited thereto.
- the spring according to the present invention is manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method.
- the present invention it is possible to manufacture a spring in which the stress distribution at the time of loading is confirmed, and it is possible to stably supply a spring designed to reduce weight.
- the material diameter (d) is 13 mm
- the coil average diameter (D) is 112 mm
- the free height (H) is 326 mm
- the effective number of turns (Ne) is 4.1
- the total number of turns (Nt) is 5.5. It is assumed that the coil spring of the material SUP12 is manufactured by the hot manufacturing method, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to other coil springs. Alternatively, it may be applied to a cold manufacturing method.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a series of steps of a method for manufacturing a spring according to the present embodiment.
- the bar is heated in step S11, the bar is formed into a coiled spring in step S12, the spring is quenched in step S13, tempered in step S14, and hot in step S15.
- Setting is performed.
- hot setting an overload is applied to a spring in a heated state, and plastic deformation in advance is reduced by preliminarily plastically deforming the spring.
- step S16 shot peening is applied to the spring.
- a predetermined compressive residual stress is applied to the surface of the spring by shot peening.
- the spring is pretreated for painting, and in step S18, the spring is painted.
- step S19 the plastic deformation at the time of use is relieved by applying an overload to the spring at room temperature and performing a plastic deformation in advance.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a process of measuring a stress distribution when a load is applied.
- step S21 a predetermined load is applied to the spring.
- FIG. 3 is a front view showing the spring 1 loaded with the jig 10.
- the coiled spring 1 has a lower end winding portion 1 a supported by the lower support portion 10 a of the jig 10 and an upper end winding portion 1 b supported by the upper support portion 10 b of the jig 10. ing.
- the distance between the lower support portion 10a and the upper support portion 10b can be changed along the shaft 10c connecting the lower support portion 10a and the upper support portion 10b, and a predetermined load acts on the spring 1. Is set to In this embodiment, it is assumed that a load of 7,200 N is applied and compressed.
- step S22 the stress of the spring is measured.
- the stress of the spring 1 is measured using X-ray diffraction by the cos ⁇ method.
- FIG. 4 is an overview diagram illustrating the measurement of stress using X-ray diffraction by the cos ⁇ method.
- an X-ray diffraction stress measuring device that measures stress by the cos ⁇ method is used.
- the X-ray diffraction stress measurement apparatus irradiates a desired position of the sample 30 with X-rays 31 and detects a Debye ring 33 due to the diffraction X-rays 32 on the entire detection surface 21 of the X-ray diffraction stress measurement apparatus. Stress can be measured with a single irradiation.
- FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged front view showing a direction in which stress is measured in the spring.
- the torsional shear stress was measured on the outer surface of the effective portion 1c excluding the lower end winding portion 1a and the upper end winding portion 1b of the spring 1.
- the stress was measured in a direction of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the direction in which the wire of the spring 1 extends.
- Table 1 shows the measurement results of stress by an X-ray diffraction stress measurement apparatus.
- the unit of stress is MPa.
- the stress was measured three times at seven locations from the position P1 to the position P7 on the lower side as a reference, and the average was taken.
- the positions P1 to P7 were set to peaks and valleys where the stress was maximized and minimized from the analysis result by the finite element method shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the difference between the stress measurement values when the load is applied and when there is no load, and the analysis value obtained by the finite element method. Similar to the results in Table 1, there is a discrepancy between the measured stress value and the analysis value by the finite element method.
- step S23 of FIG. 2 the load of the spring 1 is released. Since the measurement of the stress with the load applied in step S22 is completed, the spring 1 is removed from the jig 10. This releases the spring 1 from the load.
- step S24 it is determined whether or not the stress measured in step S22 satisfies the standard. For example, when the measured stress satisfies the standard, it is determined to be OK, and when the measured stress does not satisfy the standard, it is determined to be NG.
- the spring 1 loaded with the jig 10 is placed on the upper surface of the gantry and individually measured by the X-ray diffraction stress measuring device.
- the stress may be measured for the total number of the plurality of springs 1 that flow.
- a load may be applied to the spring 1 flowing in the line in advance by the jig 10 or the like, and a predetermined position of the spring 1 may be measured by one or a plurality of X-ray diffraction stress measuring devices.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a series of steps of the spring manufacturing method of the present embodiment applied to the cold manufacturing method.
- step S31 the reel material is formed into a coiled spring at room temperature
- step S32 the spring is tempered
- step S33 the spring is hot set
- step S34 the spring is shot. Peening is performed.
- step S35 the spring is pretreated for painting.
- step S36 the spring is painted.
- step S37 the plastic deformation at the time of use is relieved by applying an overload to the spring at room temperature and performing a plastic deformation in advance.
- the series of steps shown in FIG. 2 is performed.
- the stress distribution of the spring under load is directly measured using an X-ray diffraction stress measuring device based on the cos ⁇ method. Therefore, it is possible to confirm an accurate stress distribution of the spring loaded with a load, and as a result, a spring designed to reduce weight can be stably supplied.
- the present invention can be applied to a method of manufacturing a spring such as a coil spring and the spring.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
Description
10 治具
Claims (6)
- ばねの製造方法であって、
ばねに荷重を負荷する工程と、
前記荷重が負荷された状態でばねの応力を測定する工程と、
前記ばねに負荷された荷重を解放する工程と、
を含むばねの製造方法。 - 前記ばねの応力の測定は、cosα法によるX線回折を用いて前記ばねの有効部の表面の応力を測定する請求項1に記載のばねの製造方法。
- 前記測定されたばねの応力の大きさが基準を満たすかどうかを判定する工程をさらに含む請求項1又は2に記載のばねの製造方法。
- 前記ばねに荷重を負荷する工程は、治具によって荷重を保持する請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のばねの製造方法。
- 前記ばねは、コイルばねである請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のばねの製造方法。
- 請求項1から5のいずれか一項の記載のばねの製造方法によって製造されたばね。
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112020022573-8A BR112020022573A2 (pt) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | método para fabricação de mola e mola |
CN201980031086.5A CN112088259A (zh) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | 弹簧的制造方法及弹簧 |
EP19799638.2A EP3792520A4 (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | SPRING MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND SPRING |
US17/052,240 US11965571B2 (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Method for manufacturing spring and spring |
MX2020011900A MX2020011900A (es) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Metodo para la fabricacion de resorte y resorte. |
RU2020139012A RU2759059C1 (ru) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Способ получения пружины и пружина |
CA3099466A CA3099466C (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Method for manufacturing spring and spring |
KR1020207032542A KR102511195B1 (ko) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | 스프링의 제조 방법 및 스프링 |
PH12020551838A PH12020551838A1 (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2020-11-03 | Method for manufacturing spring and spring |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018-090926 | 2018-05-09 | ||
JP2018090926A JP7101040B2 (ja) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | ばねの製造方法及びばね |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2019216383A1 true WO2019216383A1 (ja) | 2019-11-14 |
Family
ID=68467451
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2019/018600 WO2019216383A1 (ja) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | ばねの製造方法及びばね |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11965571B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3792520A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7101040B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102511195B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN112088259A (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112020022573A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3099466C (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2020011900A (ja) |
PH (1) | PH12020551838A1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2759059C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2019216383A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
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JP7213076B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-13 | 2023-01-26 | Toyo Tire株式会社 | 車両用防振ゴムの塗装方法及び製造方法 |
JP7379233B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-24 | 2023-11-14 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | コイルばね用治具、コイルばねの製造方法、及び、コイルばねの試験方法 |
Citations (4)
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JP2010255742A (ja) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-11-11 | Chuo Spring Co Ltd | コイルばねの製造方法、及び、コイルばね |
JP2011000663A (ja) * | 2009-06-17 | 2011-01-06 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | 車両懸架用コイルばねと、その製造方法 |
WO2017199959A1 (ja) | 2016-05-16 | 2017-11-23 | 新東工業株式会社 | 表面処理加工方法及び表面処理加工装置 |
JP2017218839A (ja) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-14 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 受圧構造体 |
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SU1762026A1 (ru) * | 1990-11-11 | 1992-09-15 | Производственное Объединение "Луганский Тепловозостроительный Завод" Им.Октябрьской Революции | Способ испытаний пружины |
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-
2018
- 2018-05-09 JP JP2018090926A patent/JP7101040B2/ja active Active
-
2019
- 2019-05-09 WO PCT/JP2019/018600 patent/WO2019216383A1/ja unknown
- 2019-05-09 CA CA3099466A patent/CA3099466C/en active Active
- 2019-05-09 CN CN201980031086.5A patent/CN112088259A/zh active Pending
- 2019-05-09 US US17/052,240 patent/US11965571B2/en active Active
- 2019-05-09 RU RU2020139012A patent/RU2759059C1/ru active
- 2019-05-09 BR BR112020022573-8A patent/BR112020022573A2/pt unknown
- 2019-05-09 EP EP19799638.2A patent/EP3792520A4/en active Pending
- 2019-05-09 MX MX2020011900A patent/MX2020011900A/es unknown
- 2019-05-09 KR KR1020207032542A patent/KR102511195B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2020
- 2020-11-03 PH PH12020551838A patent/PH12020551838A1/en unknown
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JP2010255742A (ja) * | 2009-04-24 | 2010-11-11 | Chuo Spring Co Ltd | コイルばねの製造方法、及び、コイルばね |
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WO2017199959A1 (ja) | 2016-05-16 | 2017-11-23 | 新東工業株式会社 | 表面処理加工方法及び表面処理加工装置 |
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Title |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN112088259A (zh) | 2020-12-15 |
JP2019196802A (ja) | 2019-11-14 |
US11965571B2 (en) | 2024-04-23 |
KR102511195B1 (ko) | 2023-03-16 |
KR20200141491A (ko) | 2020-12-18 |
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