WO2019212152A1 - 무선랜 시스템에서의 신호 송수신 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 - Google Patents
무선랜 시스템에서의 신호 송수신 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019212152A1 WO2019212152A1 PCT/KR2019/003883 KR2019003883W WO2019212152A1 WO 2019212152 A1 WO2019212152 A1 WO 2019212152A1 KR 2019003883 W KR2019003883 W KR 2019003883W WO 2019212152 A1 WO2019212152 A1 WO 2019212152A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0658—Feedback reduction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0417—Feedback systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
- H04B7/088—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using beam selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a technique for transmitting and receiving a signal in a WLAN system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting a feedback frame by performing MIMO beamforming.
- IEEE 802.11a and b are described in 2.4. Using unlicensed band at GHz or 5 GHz, IEEE 802.11b provides a transmission rate of 11 Mbps and IEEE 802.11a provides a transmission rate of 54 Mbps.
- IEEE 802.11g applies orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) at 2.4 GHz to provide a transmission rate of 54 Mbps.
- IEEE 802.11n applies multiple input multiple output OFDM (MIMO-OFDM) to provide a transmission rate of 300 Mbps for four spatial streams. IEEE 802.11n supports channel bandwidths up to 40 MHz, in this case providing a transmission rate of 600 Mbps.
- the WLAN standard uses a maximum of 160MHz bandwidth, supports eight spatial streams, and supports IEEE 802.11ax standard through an IEEE 802.11ac standard supporting a speed of up to 1Gbit / s.
- IEEE 802.11ad defines performance enhancement for ultra-high throughput in the 60 GHz band, and IEEE 802.11ay for channel bonding and MIMO technology is introduced for the first time in the IEEE 802.11ad system.
- the present specification proposes a method and apparatus for transmitting a feedback frame by performing MIMO beamforming in a WLAN system.
- the present specification proposes a method and apparatus for transmitting a feedback frame to perform MIMO beamforming.
- This embodiment proposes a method of configuring an additional report field for MU-MIMO beamforming in a compressed beamforming feedback process during a hybrid beamforming procedure.
- the added report field included a difference between the SNR and the average SNR value per feedback subcarrier.
- this embodiment proposes a method of reducing the number of bits for feedback by including a differential SNR that is a difference between adjacent subcarriers in the added report field.
- the first STA may correspond to a responder for performing MIMO beamforming
- the second STA may correspond to an initiator for performing MIMO beamforming. Since the MIMO beamforming described in this embodiment is related to the multi-user (MU) -MIMO beamforming, there may be a plurality of first STAs.
- the subcarrier may correspond to a tone.
- the first station generates a feedback frame based on multi user (MU) -multi input multi output (MIMO) beamforming.
- MIMO beamforming may also include a sounding procedure for transmitting and receiving a BRP (Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase) packet (or frame).
- BRP Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase
- the feedback frame is transmitted to the second STA.
- the feedback frame may be defined as follows.
- the feedback frame includes information related to a feedback subcarrier for a predetermined frequency band and a beamforming report field for the MU-MIMO beamforming.
- the feedback subcarrier includes a first subcarrier that is first transmitted in the feedback subcarrier and a second subcarrier whose subcarrier index is determined based on a grouping value associated with a subcarrier interval.
- the second subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier is set to one of a left edge subcarrier or a right edge subcarrier of the preset frequency band.
- the beamforming report field includes a first signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the first subcarrier and a first differential SNR for the second subcarrier.
- SNR signal to noise ratio
- the first differential SNR is an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers included in the feedback subcarrier.
- the first SNR for the first subcarrier cannot be set to the differential SNR because the first subcarrier does not have a comparison target. Accordingly, the SNR value may be fed back to the first subcarrier, and the differential SNR may be fed back from the second subcarrier that is the feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier. That is, the feedback subcarrier included in the second subcarrier may feed back the SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers to reduce the number of feedback bits.
- the first SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the space time stream.
- the H scidx (0) may be an estimated MIMO channel for the first subcarrier.
- V scidx (0), i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the first subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- the N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- Scidx (0) may be represented by subcarrier index 1 as a first subcarrier index and may be a subcarrier index of the first subcarrier.
- the first SNR may have a granularity of 0.25 dB, a minimum value of ⁇ 8 dB, and a maximum value of 55.75 dB.
- the first SNR may be quantized to 8 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value, and the maximum value. That is, the first SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 55.75 dB having a 0.25 dB interval through the 8 bits.
- the first differential SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the spatial time stream.
- K may be a subcarrier index of the second subcarrier.
- H k may be an estimated MIMO channel for a k-th feedback subcarrier.
- V k, i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the k th feedback subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- the first differential SNR may have a granularity of 1 dB, a minimum value of -8 dB, and a maximum value of 7 dB.
- the first differential SNR may be quantized to 4 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value and the maximum value. That is, the first differential SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 7 dB having a 1 dB interval through the 4 bits.
- a specific embodiment of the first differential SNR is as follows.
- the second subcarrier may include a third subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 2 and a fourth subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 3.
- the second differential SNR for the third subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the first subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the second differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the first SNR and the second SNR for the third subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the third differential SNR for the fourth subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the second subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the third differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the second SNR and a third SNR for the fourth subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the fourth subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier spaced apart from the third subcarrier by the grouping value.
- SNRs of the feedback subcarriers having the grouping value interval may be measured for each subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier transmitted first among the feedback subcarriers may feed back an SNR value as it is, and may feed back an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers from the second subcarrier.
- the predetermined frequency band may be set to a single channel, two bonded channels, three bonded channels, or four bonded channels. .
- the grouping value may be set to one of 2, 4, 8, or 16.
- the embodiment proposed herein reduces the number of bits required for feedback by feeding back a differential SNR that is an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers in an MU Exclusive Beamforming Report field configured for MU-MIMO, and provides channel state information in a beamforming process. Feedback can be efficient.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a WLAN system.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another example of a configuration of a WLAN system.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for describing a channel in a 60 GHz band for explaining a channel bonding operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a basic method of performing channel bonding in a WLAN system.
- 5 is a view for explaining the configuration of the beacon interval.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a physical configuration of an existing radio frame.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are views for explaining the configuration of the header field of the radio frame of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a PPDU structure applicable to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an operation of performing beamforming on one channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- SLS sector level sweep
- FIG. 16 illustrates a Digital Fbck Control field according to an embodiment of the present specification.
- 17 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of transmitting a feedback frame in order to perform MIMO beamforming by a transmitter according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of receiving a feedback frame in order to perform MIMO beamforming by the receiving apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- 19 shows a procedure of transmitting a feedback frame to perform MIMO beamforming according to the present embodiment.
- 20 is a view for explaining an apparatus for implementing the method as described above.
- 21 illustrates a more detailed wireless device implementing an embodiment of the present invention.
- WLAN system will be described in detail as an example of the mobile communication system.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a WLAN system.
- the WLAN system includes one or more basic service sets (BSSs).
- BSS is a set of stations (STAs) that can successfully synchronize and communicate with each other.
- An STA is a logical entity that includes a medium access control (MAC) and a physical layer interface to a wireless medium.
- the STA is an access point (AP) and a non-AP STA (Non-AP Station). Include.
- the portable terminal operated by the user among the STAs is a non-AP STA, and when referred to simply as an STA, it may also refer to a non-AP STA.
- a non-AP STA may be a terminal, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal, or a mobile subscriber. It may also be called another name such as a mobile subscriber unit.
- the AP is an entity that provides an associated station (STA) coupled to the AP to access a distribution system (DS) through a wireless medium.
- STA station
- DS distribution system
- the AP may be called a centralized controller, a base station (BS), a Node-B, a base transceiver system (BTS), a personal basic service set central point / access point (PCP / AP), or a site controller.
- BSS can be divided into infrastructure BSS and Independent BSS (IBSS).
- IBSS Independent BSS
- the BBS shown in FIG. 1 is an IBSS.
- the IBSS means a BSS that does not include an AP. Since the IBSS does not include an AP, access to the DS is not allowed, thereby forming a self-contained network.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another example of a configuration of a WLAN system.
- the BSS shown in FIG. 2 is an infrastructure BSS.
- Infrastructure BSS includes one or more STAs and APs.
- communication between non-AP STAs is performed via an AP.
- AP access point
- a plurality of infrastructure BSSs may be interconnected through a DS.
- a plurality of BSSs connected through a DS is called an extended service set (ESS).
- STAs included in the ESS may communicate with each other, and a non-AP STA may move from one BSS to another BSS while communicating seamlessly within the same ESS.
- the DS is a mechanism for connecting a plurality of APs.
- the DS is not necessarily a network, and there is no limitation on the form if it can provide a predetermined distribution service.
- the DS may be a wireless network such as a mesh network or a physical structure that connects APs to each other.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for describing a channel in a 60 GHz band for explaining a channel bonding operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- channel 2 of the channels shown in FIG. 3 may be used in all regions and may be used as a default channel.
- Channels 2 and 3 can be used in most of the designations except Australia, which can be used for channel bonding.
- a channel used for channel bonding may vary, and the present invention is not limited to a specific channel.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a basic method of performing channel bonding in a WLAN system.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of 40 MHz channel bonding by combining two 20 MHz channels in an IEEE 802.11n system.
- 40/80/160 MHz channel bonding will be possible.
- the two exemplary channels of FIG. 4 include a primary channel and a secondary channel, so that the STA may examine the channel state in a CSMA / CA manner for the primary channel of the two channels. If the secondary channel is idle for a predetermined time (e.g. PIFS) at the time when the primary channel idles for a constant backoff interval and the backoff count becomes zero, the STA is assigned to the primary channel and Auxiliary channels can be combined to transmit data.
- PIFS a predetermined time
- channel bonding when channel bonding is performed based on contention as illustrated in FIG. 4, channel bonding may be performed only when the auxiliary channel is idle for a predetermined time at the time when the backoff count for the primary channel expires. Therefore, the use of channel bonding is very limited, and it is difficult to flexibly respond to the media situation.
- an aspect of the present invention proposes a method in which an AP transmits scheduling information to STAs to perform access on a scheduling basis. Meanwhile, another aspect of the present invention proposes a method of performing channel access based on the above-described scheduling or on a contention-based basis independently of the above-described scheduling. In addition, another aspect of the present invention proposes a method for performing communication through a spatial sharing technique based on beamforming.
- 5 is a view for explaining the configuration of the beacon interval.
- the time of the medium may be divided into beacon intervals. Lower periods within the beacon interval may be referred to as an access period. Different connection intervals within one beacon interval may have different access rules.
- the information about the access interval may be transmitted to the non-AP STA or the non-PCP by an AP or a personal basic service set control point (PCP).
- PCP personal basic service set control point
- one beacon interval may include one beacon header interval (BHI) and one data transfer interval (DTI).
- BHI may include a Beacon Transmission Interval (BTI), an Association Beamforming Training (A-BFT), and an Announcement Transmission Interval (ATI).
- BTI Beacon Transmission Interval
- A-BFT Association Beamforming Training
- ATI Announcement Transmission Interval
- the BTI means a section in which one or more DMG beacon frames can be transmitted.
- A-BFT refers to a section in which beamforming training is performed by an STA that transmits a DMG beacon frame during a preceding BTI.
- ATI means a request-response based management access interval between PCP / AP and non-PCP / non-AP STA.
- one or more Content Based Access Period (CBAP) and one or more Service Periods (SPs) may be allocated as data transfer intervals (DTIs).
- CBAP Content Based Access Period
- SPs Service Periods
- DTIs data transfer intervals
- the TDD SP consists of one or more consecutive and adjacent TDD intervals specified by TDD slot structure elements (TDD interval 1, TDD interval 2, ..., TDD interval Q).
- TDD interval includes one or more TDD slots. Adjacent TDD slots are shown in FIG. 5 and must be separated in time by the Guard Time (GT) defined by the TDD slot structure element (according to FIG. 5, in time separated by GT1, GT2, GT3). . If the STA operations are all the same, transmission and reception of adjacent TDD slots assigned to the same STA pair may continue between adjacent TDD slots.
- GT Guard Time
- an STA that wants to transmit data through a beamforming operation is called an initiator, and an STA that receives data from the initiator is called a responder.
- the initiator transmits data (or frames) in TX TDD slots (TDD slot 0, TDD slot 1, ..., TDD slot i) to the responder, and the responder sends an RX TDD slot (TDD slot) from the initiator i + 1, TDD slot i + 2, ..., TDD slot M) may receive data (or a frame).
- PHY MCS Note Control PHY 0 Single carrier PHY (SC PHY) 1 ... 1225 ... 31 (low power SC PHY) OFDM PHY 13 ... 24
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a physical configuration of an existing radio frame.
- DMG Directional Multi-Gigabit
- the preamble of the radio frame may include a Short Training Field (STF) and a Channel Estimation (CE).
- the radio frame may include a header and a data field as a payload and optionally a training field for beamforming.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are views for explaining the configuration of the header field of the radio frame of FIG.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a case in which a single carrier mode is used.
- the header includes information indicating the initial value of scrambling, Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS), information indicating the length of data, information indicating whether an additional physical protocol data unit (PPDU) exists, packet type, training length, and aggregation.
- MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
- PPDU physical protocol data unit
- aggregation Information about whether to request a beam training, whether to request a last received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), whether to truncate, or a header check sequence (HCS).
- the header has 4 bits of reserved bits, which may be used in the following description.
- the OFDM header includes information indicating the initial value of scrambling, MCS, information indicating the length of data, information indicating the presence or absence of additional PPDU, packet type, training length, aggregation, beam training request, last RSSI, truncation, HCS (Header Check Sequence) may be included.
- MCS Modulation Coding Coding
- HCS Header Check Sequence
- the header has 2 bits of reserved bits, and in the following description, such reserved bits may be utilized as in the case of FIG. 7.
- the IEEE 802.11ay system is considering introducing channel bonding and MIMO technology for the first time in the existing 11ad system.
- a new PPDU structure is needed. That is, the existing 11ad PPDU structure has limitations in supporting legacy terminals and implementing channel bonding and MIMO.
- a new field for the 11ay terminal may be defined after the legacy preamble and the legacy header field for supporting the legacy terminal.
- channel bonding and MIMO may be supported through the newly defined field.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a PPDU structure according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the horizontal axis may correspond to the time domain and the vertical axis may correspond to the frequency domain.
- a frequency band (eg, 400 MHz band) of a predetermined size may exist between frequency bands (eg, 1.83 GHz) used in each channel.
- legacy preambles legacy STFs, legacy CEs
- a new STF and CE are simultaneously transmitted together with the legacy preambles through a 400 MHz band between each channel. Gap filling may be considered.
- the PPDU structure according to the present invention transmits ay STF, ay CE, ay header B, and payload in a broadband manner after legacy preamble, legacy header, and ay header A.
- ay header, ay Payload field, and the like transmitted after the header field may be transmitted through channels used for bonding.
- the ay header may be referred to as an enhanced directional multi-gigabit (EDMG) header to distinguish the ay header from the legacy header, and the name may be used interchangeably.
- EDMG enhanced directional multi-gigabit
- a total of six or eight channels may exist in 11ay, and a single STA may bond and transmit up to four channels.
- the ay header and ay Payload may be transmitted through 2.16 GHz, 4.32 GHz, 6.48 GHz, 8.64 GHz bandwidth.
- the PPDU format when repeatedly transmitting the legacy preamble without performing the gap-filling as described above may also be considered.
- ay STF, ay CE, and ay header B are replaced by a legacy preamble, legacy header, and ay header A without a GF-Filling and thus without the GF-STF and GF-CE fields shown by dotted lines in FIG. 8. It has a form of transmission.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a PPDU structure applicable to the present invention. Briefly summarizing the above-described PPDU format can be represented as shown in FIG.
- the PPDU format applicable to the 11ay system includes L-STF, L-CEF, L-Header, EDMG-Header-A, EDMG-STF, EDMG-CEF, EDMG-Header-B, Data, It may include a TRN field, which may be selectively included according to the type of the PPDU (eg, SU PPDU, MU PPDU, etc.).
- a portion including the L-STF, L-CEF, and L-header fields may be referred to as a non-EDMG portion, and the remaining portion may be referred to as an EDMG region.
- the L-STF, L-CEF, L-Header, and EDMG-Header-A fields may be named pre-EDMG modulated fields, and the rest may be named EDMG modulated fields.
- the (legacy) preamble portion of the PPDU includes packet detection, automatic gain control (AGC), frequency offset estimation, synchronization, modulation (SC or OFDM) indication, and channel measurement. (channel estimation) can be used.
- the format of the preamble may be common for the OFDM packet and the SC packet.
- the preamble may include a Short Training Field (STF) and a Channel Estimation (CE) field located after the STF field.
- STF Short Training Field
- CE Channel Estimation
- the preamble is the part of the PPDU that is used for packet detection, AGC, frequency offset estimation, synchronization, indication of modulation (SC or OFDM) and channel estimation.
- the format of the preamble is common to both OFDM packets and SC packets .
- the preamble is composed of two parts: the Short Training field and the Channel Estimation field.
- a beamforming operation may be applied to transmit and receive a signal with high frequency by using a signal of a high frequency band.
- the conventional 11ad system only discloses a beamforming method for one channel, and does not suggest any beamforming method applicable to a plurality of channels. Accordingly, the present invention proposes a beamforming procedure applicable to a data transmission method (eg, channel bonding, channel combining, FDMA, etc.) through a plurality of channels according to the 11ay system.
- a data transmission method eg, channel bonding, channel combining, FDMA, etc.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an operation of performing beamforming on one channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an STA that wants to transmit data through a beamforming operation is called an initiator, and an STA that receives data from the initiator is called a responder.
- an STA that receives data from the initiator is called a responder.
- CH1 and CH2 channels that are disclosed in FIG. 11, the configuration of the present invention may be extended to channel bonding and channel combining through three or more channels.
- a beamforming procedure may include a sector level sweep (SLS) phase, a channel bonding setup phase, and a channel bonding transmission phase. It can be composed of).
- SLS sector level sweep
- channel bonding setup phase a channel bonding setup phase
- channel bonding transmission phase a channel bonding transmission phase.
- a directional transmission scheme may be applied instead of an omni transmission scheme to more reliably transmit data and control information.
- STAs that want to transmit / receive data may know the TX or RX best sectors for the initiator and the responder through the SLS process.
- BF training that occurs within an Association BeamForming Training (A-BFT) assignment the AP or PCP / AP is an initiator and the non-AP and non-PCP / AP STAs are responders.
- A-BFT Association BeamForming Training
- the source (EDMG) STA of the SP is the initiator and the destination STA of the SP becomes a responder.
- TXOP Transmission Opportunity
- the link from the initiator to the responder is called an initiator link and the link from the responder to the initiator is called a responder link.
- BF training begins with SLS (Sector Level Sweep) from the initiator.
- SLS System Level Sweep
- the purpose of the SLS phase is to enable communication between two STAs at the control PHY rate or higher MCS.
- the SLS phase only provides for transmitting BF training.
- the SLS may be followed by the BRP (Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase) if requested by the initiator or responder.
- BRP Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase
- the purpose of the BRP phase is to enable receive training and to enable iterative refinement of the antenna weight vector (AWV) of all transmitters and receivers at all STAs. If one of the STAs participating in the beam training chooses to use only one transmit antenna pattern, the reception training may be performed as part of the SLS step.
- ADV antenna weight vector
- the SLS step may include four elements: an initiator sweep (ISS) for training an initiator link and a responder sector sweep (RSS) for training a responder link. , SSW feedback, SSW ACK.
- ISS initiator sweep
- RSS responder sector sweep
- the initiator begins the SLS phase by sending the frame (s) of the ISS.
- the Responder does not begin sending the frame (s) of RSS before the ISS completes successfully. However, there may be an exception if the ISS occurs within the BTI.
- the initiator does not start SSW feedback before the RSS phase completes successfully. However, there may be an exception when the RSS is generated within the A-BFT.
- the Responder does not initiate the SSW ACK of the Initiator within the A-BFT.
- the Responder starts the SSW ACK of the initiator immediately after successful completion of the SSW feedback of the initiator.
- the BF frame transmitted by the initiator during the SLS phase may include an (EDMG) beacon frame, an SSW frame, and an SSW feedback frame.
- the BF frame transmitted by the responder may include an SSW frame and an SSW-ACK frame.
- TXSS Transmit Sector Sweep
- the initiator and responder poses their own sector of transport at the end of the SLS phase. If the ISS or RSS uses a receive sector sweep, each responder or initiator has its own receive sector.
- the STA does not change the transmit power during sector sweep.
- FIG. 13 and 14 show examples of an SLS step.
- the branch office has many sectors, and the responder has one transmitting sector and one receiving sector used in RSS.
- the responder transmits all responder SSW frames on the same transmission sector, while the initiator switches the receive antenna.
- the initiator has many transmission sectors and the responder has one transmission sector.
- receive training for the initiator may be performed at the BRP stage.
- SLS is a protocol for performing link detection in an 802.11ay system to which the present invention is applicable.
- network nodes continuously transmit and receive frames including the same information while changing only the direction of the beam, and successfully receive the frames.
- the indicators indicating the performance of the reception channel link for example, Signal to Ratio (SNR), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), etc.
- SNR Signal to Ratio
- RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
- beam training method for selecting the best beam direction.
- BRP can be summarized as follows.
- BRP is a protocol for finely adjusting the beam direction that can maximize the data rate in the beam direction determined by SLS or other means, and can be performed as necessary.
- Such a BRP performs beam training using a BRP frame including beam training information and information for reporting a training result defined for the BRP protocol.
- the BRP transmits and receives a BRP frame using a beam determined by previous beam training, and performs beam training substantially using a beam training sequence included at the end of the successfully transmitted and received BRP frame.
- Beam training method. SLS uses the frame itself for beam training, but BRP may differ in that it uses only the beam training sequence.
- SLS step may be performed in a Beacon Header Interval (BHI) and / or a Data Transfer Interval (DTI).
- BHI Beacon Header Interval
- DTI Data Transfer Interval
- the SLS step performed during BHI may be the same as the SLS step defined in the 11ad system for coexistence with the 11ad system.
- the SLS step performed during the DTI may be performed when the beamforming training between the initiator and the responder is not performed or the beamforming link (BF link) is lost.
- the initiator and the responder may transmit a short SSW frame instead of the SSW frame for the SLS step.
- the short SSW frame may be defined as a frame including a short SSW packet in a data field of a DMG control PHY or a DMG control mode PPDU.
- a specific format of the short SSW packet may be set differently according to a purpose (eg, I-TXSS, R-TXSS, etc.) for transmitting the short SSW packet.
- STAs for data communication in this step exchange channel setup, channel combining, FDMA transmission, etc. while transmitting and receiving a setup frame (RTS) and a DMG CTS (feedback frame).
- RTS setup frame
- DMG CTS feedback frame
- Control information can be transmitted and received.
- information transmitted / received from each other information for a transmission method using a plurality of channels, such as channel bonding, channel bandwidth, channel bonding, and FDMA, may be applied.
- the beamforming training for one channel is performed through the above-described SLS step, and the initiator and the responder perform beamforming results (eg, best sector) for the one channel.
- Direction is equally applicable to other channels. Accordingly, when the initiator and the responder transmit the RTS and the DMG CTS through a plurality of channels, the initiator and the responder may transmit the RTS and the DMG CTS by applying the best sector direction determined through the SLS step to all channels.
- the initiator receives a DMG CTS, which is a response to the transmitted RTS, and then uses a plurality of idle channels using information such as channel information and channel bandwidth negotiated with the responder. Actual data can be transferred.
- the initiator may transmit and receive an RTS and a DMG CTS with a responder through the above-described channel bonding setting step, and may transmit and receive information on an actual channel to which a channel bonding (or channel combining) method is applied.
- the initiator may transmit the RTS through a total of four channels, the initiator may receive DMG CTS for two channels from the responder. This is because the Responder has determined that the remaining two channels are currently busy or unavailable.
- the initiator and the responder may obtain information about the channels that are available for data transmission, and the initiator may transmit data over the channels that are substantially available.
- the initiator and the responder perform beamforming training on one channel (eg, CH1, primary channel), and thus, all the channels are obtained from the beamforming training result (eg, best sector direction) obtained through the one channel. It can be applied to send and receive data signals.
- one channel eg, CH1, primary channel
- the beamforming training result eg, best sector direction
- the initiator may transmit data in a channel combining method.
- the responder may send an ACK frame on the channel through which the initiator sent data.
- the ACK frame may be duplicated and transmitted through each channel through which the initiator transmits data, or may be transmitted by channel bonding.
- VHT Very High Throughput
- the VHT Compressed Beamforming Report field is used to convey explicit feedback information in the form of an angle representing a signal compressed by VHT Compressed Beamforming Feedback.
- the angle represents the compressed beamforming feedback matrix V used by the transmission beamformer to determine the steering matrix Q.
- the VHT Compressed Beamforming Report information includes channel matrix elements indexed by matrix angles in the order shown in Table 4 below, and is second indexed by the data subcarrier index from the lowest frequency to the highest frequency.
- the VHT Compressed Beamforming Report information has a structure and a sequence defined in the table below. Where Na is the number of angles used in the compressed beamforming feedback matrix subfield (see table below).
- Ns is the number of subcarriers for which the compressed beamforming feedback matrix subfields are sent back to the beamformer.
- the beamformer may reduce Ns using a method called grouping in which only one compressed beamforming feedback matrix is reported for each group of Ng adjacent subcarriers.
- Ns is a function of the channel width and grouping subfield of the VHT MIMO Control field. 802.11-2016 lists the order in which Ns, the correct subcarrier index, and the compressed beamforming feedback matrix subfields are transmitted. Even when corresponding to different subcarriers, there is no padding between angles of VHT Compressed Beamforming Report information. If the size of the VHT Compressed Beamforming Report information is not an integer multiple of 8 bits, at most 7 zeros may be added to the end of the field to create an integer multiple of 8 bits.
- the average SNR of the space-time stream i is an 8-bit 2s complementary integer defined in the table below.
- the AvgSNR i of Table 3 is obtained by calculating the SNR per subcarrier in decibels (dB) for the subcarrier for which the compressed beamforming feedback matrix subfield is to be transmitted again, and then calculating the arithmetic mean of the corresponding value (averaged). before).
- Each SNR value per ton of stream i corresponds to the SNR associated with column i of beamformer feedback matrix V determined at the beamformer.
- Each SNR corresponds to the predicted SNR in the beamformer when the beamformer applies all the columns of the matrix V.
- the average SNR of the space-time stream i is included in dB, the minimum value is -10 dB and the maximum value is 53.75 dB, and the SNR value included in the range has an interval of 0.25 dB.
- the average SNR of the space-time stream i can be represented by 8 bits (2 ⁇ 8) in total.
- the average SNR of the space-time stream i per tone is represented by 8 bits, which consumes many bits.
- the MU Exclusive Beamforming Report field is used to convey explicit feedback information in the form of delta SNR by VHT Compressed Beamforming feedback.
- a transmission MU beamformer may be used to determine the steering matrix Q.
- the MU Exclusive Beamforming Report information is generally composed of delta SNR subfields for each space-time stream (1 to Nc) of the subset of subcarriers separated by 2Ng.
- Ng is signaled in the grouping subfield of the VHT MIMO control field, starting from the lowest frequency subcarrier and continuing to the highest frequency subcarrier.
- the subset of subcarriers included is determined by the channel width and grouping subfield values of the VHT MIMO control fields listed in Table 5 below.
- the deviation in dB of the SNR of that subcarrier for each column of V for the average SNR of the corresponding space-time stream is calculated using the equation below.
- Each Delta SNR subfield includes ⁇ SNR k, i calculated using Equation 1 above and is quantized in 4 bits in units of 1 dB in a range of -8 dB to 7 dB.
- the structure of the MU Exclusive Beamforming Report field is defined in the table below.
- Ns' is the number of subcarriers for which the delta SNR subfield is sent back to the beamformer.
- the table below shows Ns' indicating the exact subcarrier index and the order in which the delta SNR is returned.
- the present specification proposes an additional MU Exclusive field for MU-MIMO in 802.11ay digital beamforming feedback.
- the EDMG STA is capable of hybrid beamforming. Specifically, the hybrid beamforming and SU-MIMO support subfields included in the EDMG Capabilities element of the STA or the hybrid beamforming and MU-MIMO support subfields included in the EDMG Capabilities element of the STA. If one (or both) is one, hybrid beamforming is possible.
- the STA capable of hybrid beamforming may perform hybrid beamforming and SU-MIMO when the hybrid beamforming and the SU-MIMO support subfield is 1 in the EDMG Capability element of the STA.
- the STA capable of hybrid beamforming may enable hybrid beamforming and MU-MIMO when the hybrid beamforming and the MU-MIMO Supported subfield of the EDMG Capability element of the STA are 1.
- a hybrid beamforming capable STA supports a hybrid beamforming protocol.
- Hybrid beamforming uses analog beamforming (suitable AWV between SU-MIMO-capable initiators and SU-MIMO-capable responders or between MU-MIMO-capable initiators and at least one MU-MIMO-capable responder. And transmission and reception of multiple spatial streams using a combination of digital beamforming (by determining the appropriate spatial mapping matrix).
- the spatial mapping matrix is determined based on the DMG antenna configuration selected as a result of the SU-MIMO or MU-MIMO beamforming protocol.
- the hybrid beamforming protocol supports digital baseband training and hybrid beamforming information feedback for the next hybrid beamforming transmission.
- Hybrid beamforming supports the transmission of a single spatial stream using multiple DMG antennas with a combination of analog beamforming and digital beamforming between a SU-MIMO-capable initiator and a SU-MIMO-capable responder. May be used for
- the AWV of the DMG antenna can be selected using the SU-MIMO beamforming protocol or the MU-MIMO beamforming protocol, which determines the antenna configuration for simultaneous transmission of single or multiple spatial streams from the initiator to the responder (s). Enable (or vice versa for SU-MIMO).
- the transmitter acquires hybrid beamforming information based on feedback from the receiver derived from the channel direction between the transmitter and the receiver.
- hybrid beamforming includes an announcement phase, a sounding phase, and a feedback phase.
- the notification step may be omitted if the beamforming configuration has been previously set.
- the MIMO Feedback Control element proposed in this embodiment is used to convey configuration information on the channel measurement feedback element, the EDMG channel measurement feedback element, and / or the digital beamforming feedback element.
- the MIMO Feedback Control element includes a Digital Fbck Control field.
- FIG. 16 illustrates a Digital Fbck Control field according to an embodiment of the present specification.
- the Digital Fbck Control field includes Nc Index, Nr Index, Tx Antenna Maxk, Ncb, Grouping, Codebook Information, Feedback Type, Number of Feedback Matrices or Feedback Taps subfields.
- Nc Index Nc Index
- Tx Antenna Maxk Ncb
- Grouping Codebook Information
- Feedback Type Number of Feedback Matrices or Feedback Taps subfields.
- Each subfield included in the Digital Fbck Control field is described in the following table.
- the digital beamforming (BF) feedback element is transmitted in a MIMO BF feedback frame and carries feedback information in the form of a beamforming feedback matrix and differential SNRs.
- the feedback information can be used by the transmit beamformer to determine the digital beamforming adjustment matrix Q.
- the SNR field in the channel measurement feedback element is interpreted as the average SNR per stream.
- the size and configuration of the digital BF feedback element depends on the field values contained in the MIMO feedback control element transmitted in the same frame carrying the digital BF feedback element.
- all field references in the MIMO feedback control element represent elements transmitted in the same frame carrying the digital BF feedback element.
- the digital beamforming feedback information field of the digital BF feedback element includes an Nsc digital beamforming matrix.
- Nsc> 1 there is further a tap delay field indicating the tap corresponding to each digital beamforming matrix.
- Digital beamforming information in the time domain may be represented by a matrix function V.
- the digital BF feedback element can be defined as shown in the table below.
- the Differential Subcarrier Index exists only when Ng is set to a value indicating dynamic grouping.
- the distance between any adjacent subcarriers that are not edge subcarriers or DC subcarriers is one of the values indicated in the Grouping field.
- the subcarrier index at which the beamforming matrix is calculated is defined in Table 8.
- the digital BF feedback element includes a Differential Subcarrier Index field that indicates the number of subcarriers between each two adjacent subcarriers in the feedback report. do.
- the distance between the subcarriers in the feedback report is one of values of ⁇ 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 ⁇ .
- the Digital BF Feedback element includes the Differential Subcarrier Index field marking the number of subcarriers between each two adjacent subcarriers within the feedback report.
- This case is a method of determining the subcarrier index in terms of HW implementation.
- a single channel subcarrier indices are included in subcarrier indices of 2CB, 2CB is included in 3CB, and 3CB is included in 4CB.
- 4CB subcarrier indices include the positions of subcarriers of all channel bonding factors.
- DC is located at -1, 0, and 1, so this is excluded.
- grouping starts from -2 and 2 subcarriers.
- subcarriers of -178 and 178 cannot be used because data subcarriers are up to -177 and 177. Although the 16 subcarrier spacing is not maintained, interpolation is performed using -177 and 177 subcarriers.
- edge carriers -386 and 386 are used as subcarriers that feed back for interpolation.
- Feedback is made at 16 intervals based on -386 and 386 subcarriers to 2CB subcarrier indices. Similarly, edge subcarriers 596 and -596 subcarriers are used as feedback subcarriers for interpolation.
- Feedback is provided at 8 intervals based on -596 and 596 subcarriers to 3CB subcarrier indices. Similarly, the edge subcarriers 805 and -805 subcarriers are used as feedback subcarriers for interpolation.
- feedback subcarrier indices are configured for each channel bonding factor without using nested structures.
- the feedback subcarrier is determined by considering the DC subcarrier and the edge subcarrier.
- MU-MIMO there is an MU Exclusive field for MU-MIMO in 802.11ac.
- a per-tone-SNR value is defined for each feedback tone. This value is used to feed back additional information.
- the additional feedback information defines the difference between the average SNR per space-time-stream and the per-tone-SNR value of each feedback tone in the VHT compressed beamforming report information and feeds back this value.
- Ng a tone grouping factor for a feedback tone
- the present invention proposes an MU Exclusive field for MU-MIMO in 802.11ay, and proposes a differential SNR method without using the delta-SNR method used in the existing 11ac.
- the per-tone-SNR defined in 802.11ac is as follows. That is, the SNR per tone for the subcarrier k and the space-time stream i can be obtained by the following equation.
- V k, i is the i-th column of the feedback beamforming instruction in the subcarrier k
- N is noise + interference power measured at the beamformee.
- delta-SNR The difference between the per-tone-SNR value and the average SNR value of the space time stream is defined as delta-SNR for feedback. Use 4 bits and feed back in 1 dB steps from -8 dB to 7 dB.
- the delta-SNR included in the MU Exclusive Beamforming Report information defined in 802.11ac may be defined as shown in Table 4 above.
- the proposed method uses per-tone-SNR as in 11ac, but defines the difference between adjacent tones as differential SNR and feedbacks this difference without using the difference between the value and the average SNR value.
- the frequency selectivity of the channel increases due to the reflection characteristic.
- the per-tone-SNR value of each data tone may be smaller than 2 dB or larger than 17 dB.
- the 802.11ac method cannot cover the cases mentioned above.
- a method of feeding back the per-tone-SNR difference between adjacent tones may be considered without using the 802.11ac method.
- the differential SNR representing the relative difference in per-tone-SNR between adjacent tones can be obtained by the following equation.
- k is the feedback subcarrier index
- i is the stream index
- H is the estimated channel
- V is the beamforming matrix
- N is the average noise plus interference power.
- Equations 3 and 4 may be the same equation.
- the per-tone-SNR value of the first data tone cannot be differentially determined because there is no comparison object.
- the position of the first data tone can be the leftmost subcarrier or the rightmost subcarrier in the prior art tone index table.
- the per-tone-SNR value of the first data tone should be expressed by allocating 8 bits as the average SNR value of the space-time stream.
- the per-tone-SNR value of the first data tone may be calculated by the following equation.
- the MU Exclusive Beamforming Report field delivers explicit feedback information in the form of the differential SNR included in the differential SNR subfield.
- the MU Exclusive Beamforming Report field is included in the digital BF feedback element when the SU / MU field of the MIMO feedback control element is 1 (MU transmission) and the feedback type subfield of the digital Fbck control field is 1 (EDMG OFDM mode). .
- the MU Exclusive Beamforming Report field consists of differential SNR subfields for each space-time stream (1 to Nc) in which a subset of subcarriers spaced by Ng is spaced.
- Ng is the value of the grouping subfield of the digital Fbck control field in the MIMO feedback control element and is used at subcarrier intervals starting from the lowest frequency subcarrier to the highest frequency subcarrier. Even when corresponding to different subcarriers, padding is not performed between D_SNR k, i in the MU Exclusive Beamforming Report field.
- the subset of subcarriers spaced apart by Ng is determined by the values in Table 8 above. For each subcarrier included in the subset, the deviation in dB of the SNR of the subcarrier for each column of the matrix V for adjacent subcarriers spaced by Ng of the corresponding space-time stream using Equation 4 above. Can be calculated.
- D_SNR scidx (0), i is calculated using Equation 5 above and quantized to 8 bits in the range of -8dB to 55.75dB with granularity of 0.25dB.
- the feedback subcarrier consists of the first tone, the second tone, the third tone, the fourth tone, ...
- the SNR of the first tone is 10 dB
- the SNR of the second tone is 18 dB
- the SNR of the third tone is 15 dB
- the SNR of the fourth tone is 20 dB.
- the per-tone-SNR value of the first data tone may be represented by allocating 8 bits as the average SNR value of the space-time stream, and may be calculated by Equation 5 above.
- the differential tone and differential SNR From the second tone it is possible to obtain the differential tone and differential SNR.
- the difference between the SNR of the second tone and the SNR of the first tone is 8 dB, and according to 1) above, the upper limit is 7 dB, so the differential SNR can be set to 7 dB. Accordingly, the differential SNR can feed back 4 bits of the SNR difference between adjacent tones by allocating 4 bits, and can be calculated by Equation 4.
- the difference between the SNR of the third tone and the SNR of the second tone is 3 dB, and the differential SNR can be set to 3 dB because 3 dB is included in the upper and lower ranges according to 1) above. Accordingly, the differential SNR can feed back 4 bits of the SNR difference between adjacent tones by allocating 4 bits, and can be calculated by Equation 4.
- the difference between the SNR of the fourth tone and the SNR of the third tone is 5 dB, and the differential SNR may be set to 5 dB because 5 dB is included in the upper and lower limits according to 1) above. Accordingly, the differential SNR can feed back 4 bits of the SNR difference between adjacent tones by allocating 4 bits, and can be calculated by Equation 4.
- the data tone for reporting per-tone-SNR may utilize Ng mentioned above.
- the index of the data tone may use the subcarrier index shown in Table 8 above.
- a method of feedbacking the per-tone-SNR difference between adjacent tones after measuring the per-tone-SNR at 2 * Ng intervals may be considered. If the change is not large, the feedback overhead can be reduced by increasing the interval.
- the feedback of the per-tone-SNR of all data tones is provided, and the feedback of the SNR information of the channel is more accurate.
- 17 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of transmitting a feedback frame in order to perform MIMO beamforming by a transmitter according to the present embodiment.
- This embodiment proposes a method of configuring an additional report field for MU-MIMO beamforming in a compressed beamforming feedback process during a hybrid beamforming procedure.
- the added report field included a difference between the SNR and the average SNR value per feedback subcarrier.
- this embodiment proposes a method of reducing the number of bits for feedback by including a differential SNR that is a difference between adjacent subcarriers in the added report field.
- the first STA may correspond to a responder for performing MIMO beamforming
- the second STA may correspond to an initiator for performing MIMO beamforming. Since the MIMO beamforming described in this embodiment is related to the multi-user (MU) -MIMO beamforming, there may be a plurality of first STAs.
- the subcarrier may correspond to a tone.
- the first STA generates a feedback frame based on multi user (MU) -multi input multi output (MIMO) beamforming.
- the MIMO beamforming may also include a sounding procedure for transmitting and receiving a BRP (Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase) packet (or frame).
- BRP Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase
- step S1720 the feedback frame is transmitted to a second STA.
- the feedback frame may be defined as follows.
- the feedback frame includes information related to a feedback subcarrier for a predetermined frequency band and a beamforming report field for the MU-MIMO beamforming.
- the feedback subcarrier includes a first subcarrier that is first transmitted in the feedback subcarrier and a second subcarrier whose subcarrier index is determined based on a grouping value associated with a subcarrier interval.
- the second subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier is set to one of a left edge subcarrier or a right edge subcarrier of the preset frequency band.
- the beamforming report field includes a first signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the first subcarrier and a first differential SNR for the second subcarrier.
- SNR signal to noise ratio
- the first differential SNR is an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers included in the feedback subcarrier.
- the first SNR for the first subcarrier cannot be set to the differential SNR because the first subcarrier does not have a comparison target. Accordingly, the SNR value may be fed back to the first subcarrier, and the differential SNR may be fed back from the second subcarrier that is the feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier. That is, the feedback subcarrier included in the second subcarrier may feed back the SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers to reduce the number of feedback bits.
- the first SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the space time stream.
- the H scidx (0) may be an estimated MIMO channel for the first subcarrier.
- V scidx (0), i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the first subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- the N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- Scidx (0) may be represented by subcarrier index 1 as a first subcarrier index and may be a subcarrier index of the first subcarrier.
- the first SNR may have a granularity of 0.25 dB, a minimum value of ⁇ 8 dB, and a maximum value of 55.75 dB.
- the first SNR may be quantized to 8 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value, and the maximum value. That is, the first SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 55.75 dB having a 0.25 dB interval through the 8 bits.
- the first differential SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the spatial time stream.
- K may be a subcarrier index of the second subcarrier.
- H k may be an estimated MIMO channel for a k-th feedback subcarrier.
- V k, i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the k th feedback subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- the first differential SNR may have a granularity of 1 dB, a minimum value of -8 dB, and a maximum value of 7 dB.
- the first differential SNR may be quantized to 4 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value and the maximum value. That is, the first differential SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 7 dB having a 1 dB interval through the 4 bits.
- a specific embodiment of the first differential SNR is as follows.
- the second subcarrier may include a third subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 2 and a fourth subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 3.
- the second differential SNR for the third subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the first subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the second differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the first SNR and the second SNR for the third subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the third differential SNR for the fourth subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the second subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the third differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the second SNR and a third SNR for the fourth subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the fourth subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier spaced apart from the third subcarrier by the grouping value.
- SNRs of the feedback subcarriers having the grouping value interval may be measured for each subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier transmitted first among the feedback subcarriers may feed back an SNR value as it is, and may feed back an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers from the second subcarrier.
- the predetermined frequency band may be set to a single channel, two bonded channels, three bonded channels, or four bonded channels. .
- the grouping value may be set to one of 2, 4, 8, or 16.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of receiving a feedback frame in order to perform MIMO beamforming by the receiving apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- This embodiment proposes a method of configuring an additional report field for MU-MIMO beamforming in a compressed beamforming feedback process during a hybrid beamforming procedure.
- the added report field included a difference between the SNR and the average SNR value per feedback subcarrier.
- this embodiment proposes a method of reducing the number of bits for feedback by including a differential SNR that is a difference between adjacent subcarriers in the added report field.
- the first STA may correspond to a responder for performing MIMO beamforming
- the second STA may correspond to an initiator for performing MIMO beamforming. Since the MIMO beamforming described in this embodiment is related to the multi-user (MU) -MIMO beamforming, there may be a plurality of first STAs.
- the subcarrier may correspond to a tone.
- the first STA receives a feedback frame generated based on a multi user (MU) -multi input multi output (MIMO) beamforming from the second STA.
- the MIMO beamforming may also include a sounding procedure of transmitting and receiving a BRP (Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase) packet (or frame).
- BRP Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase
- step S1820 the first STA transmits data to the second STA based on the feedback frame.
- the feedback frame may be defined as follows.
- the feedback frame includes information related to a feedback subcarrier for a predetermined frequency band and a beamforming report field for the MU-MIMO beamforming.
- the feedback subcarrier includes a first subcarrier that is first transmitted in the feedback subcarrier and a second subcarrier whose subcarrier index is determined based on a grouping value associated with a subcarrier interval.
- the second subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier is set to one of a left edge subcarrier or a right edge subcarrier of the preset frequency band.
- the beamforming report field includes a first signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the first subcarrier and a first differential SNR for the second subcarrier.
- SNR signal to noise ratio
- the first differential SNR is an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers included in the feedback subcarrier.
- the first SNR for the first subcarrier cannot be set to the differential SNR because the first subcarrier does not have a comparison target. Accordingly, the SNR value may be fed back to the first subcarrier, and the differential SNR may be fed back from the second subcarrier that is the feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier. That is, the feedback subcarrier included in the second subcarrier may feed back the SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers to reduce the number of feedback bits.
- the first SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the space time stream.
- the H scidx (0) may be an estimated MIMO channel for the first subcarrier.
- V scidx (0), i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the first subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- the N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- Scidx (0) may be represented by subcarrier index 1 as a first subcarrier index and may be a subcarrier index of the first subcarrier.
- the first SNR may have a granularity of 0.25 dB, a minimum value of ⁇ 8 dB, and a maximum value of 55.75 dB.
- the first SNR may be quantized to 8 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value, and the maximum value. That is, the first SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 55.75 dB having a 0.25 dB interval through the 8 bits.
- the first differential SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the spatial time stream.
- K may be a subcarrier index of the second subcarrier.
- H k may be an estimated MIMO channel for a k-th feedback subcarrier.
- V k, i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the k th feedback subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- the first differential SNR may have a granularity of 1 dB, a minimum value of -8 dB, and a maximum value of 7 dB.
- the first differential SNR may be quantized to 4 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value and the maximum value. That is, the first differential SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 7 dB having a 1 dB interval through the 4 bits.
- a specific embodiment of the first differential SNR is as follows.
- the second subcarrier may include a third subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 2 and a fourth subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 3.
- the second differential SNR for the third subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the first subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the second differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the first SNR and the second SNR for the third subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the third differential SNR for the fourth subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the second subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the third differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the second SNR and a third SNR for the fourth subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the fourth subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier spaced apart from the third subcarrier by the grouping value.
- SNRs of the feedback subcarriers having the grouping value interval may be measured for each subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier transmitted first among the feedback subcarriers may feed back an SNR value as it is, and may feed back an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers from the second subcarrier.
- the predetermined frequency band may be set to a single channel, two bonded channels, three bonded channels, or four bonded channels. .
- the grouping value may be set to one of 2, 4, 8, or 16.
- 19 shows a procedure of transmitting a feedback frame to perform MIMO beamforming according to the present embodiment.
- the first STA may correspond to a responder 150 performing MIMO beamforming
- the second STA may correspond to an initiator 100 performing MIMO beamforming.
- the MIMO beamforming described in this embodiment corresponds to a single user (SU) -MIMO beamforming if the first STA is one device, and multi-user (MU) -MIMO beamforming if the first STA is a plurality of devices. It can correspond to.
- step S1900 the first STA performs a MIMO beamforming procedure together with the second STA.
- the MIMO beamforming procedure may include steps S1910 and S1920.
- the first STA generates a feedback frame based on a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) beamforming procedure.
- MIMO beamforming procedure may also include a sounding procedure for transmitting and receiving a BRP (Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase) packet (or frame).
- BRP Beam Refinement Protocol or Beam Refinement Phase
- step S1920 the first STA transmits the feedback frame to the second STA.
- step S1930 the first STA transmits and receives a signal based on the MIMO beamforming procedure.
- the feedback frame may be defined as follows.
- the feedback frame includes information related to a feedback subcarrier for a predetermined frequency band and a beamforming report field for the MU-MIMO beamforming.
- the feedback subcarrier includes a first subcarrier that is first transmitted in the feedback subcarrier and a second subcarrier whose subcarrier index is determined based on a grouping value associated with a subcarrier interval.
- the second subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier is set to one of a left edge subcarrier or a right edge subcarrier of the preset frequency band.
- the beamforming report field includes a first signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the first subcarrier and a first differential SNR for the second subcarrier.
- SNR signal to noise ratio
- the first differential SNR is an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers included in the feedback subcarrier.
- the first SNR for the first subcarrier cannot be set to the differential SNR because the first subcarrier does not have a comparison target. Accordingly, the SNR value may be fed back to the first subcarrier, and the differential SNR may be fed back from the second subcarrier that is the feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier. That is, the feedback subcarrier included in the second subcarrier may feed back the SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers to reduce the number of feedback bits.
- the first SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the space time stream.
- the H scidx (0) may be an estimated MIMO channel for the first subcarrier.
- V scidx (0), i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the first subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- the N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- Scidx (0) may be represented by subcarrier index 1 as a first subcarrier index and may be a subcarrier index of the first subcarrier.
- the first SNR may have a granularity of 0.25 dB, a minimum value of ⁇ 8 dB, and a maximum value of 55.75 dB.
- the first SNR may be quantized to 8 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value, and the maximum value. That is, the first SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 55.75 dB having a 0.25 dB interval through the 8 bits.
- the first differential SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the spatial time stream.
- K may be a subcarrier index of the second subcarrier.
- H k may be an estimated MIMO channel for a k-th feedback subcarrier.
- V k, i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the k th feedback subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- the first differential SNR may have a granularity of 1 dB, a minimum value of -8 dB, and a maximum value of 7 dB.
- the first differential SNR may be quantized to 4 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value and the maximum value. That is, the first differential SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 7 dB having a 1 dB interval through the 4 bits.
- a specific embodiment of the first differential SNR is as follows.
- the second subcarrier may include a third subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 2 and a fourth subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 3.
- the second differential SNR for the third subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the first subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the second differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the first SNR and the second SNR for the third subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the third differential SNR for the fourth subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the second subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the third differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the second SNR and a third SNR for the fourth subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the fourth subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier spaced apart from the third subcarrier by the grouping value.
- SNRs of the feedback subcarriers having the grouping value interval may be measured for each subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier transmitted first among the feedback subcarriers may feed back an SNR value as it is, and may feed back an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers from the second subcarrier.
- the predetermined frequency band may be set to a single channel, two bonded channels, three bonded channels, or four bonded channels. .
- the grouping value may be set to one of 2, 4, 8, or 16.
- 20 is a view for explaining an apparatus for implementing the method as described above.
- the wireless device 100 of FIG. 20 may correspond to an initiator STA that transmits the signal described in the above description, and the wireless device 150 may correspond to a responder STA that receives the signal described in the above description.
- each station may correspond to an 11ay terminal or a PCP / AP.
- the initiator STA transmitting a signal is called a transmitting device 100
- the responder STA receiving a signal is called a receiving device 150.
- the transmitter 100 may include a processor 110, a memory 120, and a transceiver 130
- the receiver device 150 may include a processor 160, a memory 170, and a transceiver 180. can do.
- the transceiver 130 and 180 may transmit / receive a radio signal and may be executed in a physical layer such as IEEE 802.11 / 3GPP.
- the processors 110 and 160 are executed in the physical layer and / or the MAC layer and are connected to the transceivers 130 and 180.
- the processors 110 and 160 and / or the transceivers 130 and 180 may include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processors.
- the memory 120, 170 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory card, storage medium and / or other storage unit.
- ROM read-only memory
- RAM random access memory
- flash memory memory card
- storage medium storage medium and / or other storage unit.
- the method described above can be executed as a module (eg, process, function) that performs the functions described above.
- the module may be stored in the memories 120 and 170 and may be executed by the processors 110 and 160.
- the memories 120 and 170 may be disposed inside or outside the processes 110 and 160, and may be connected to the processes 110 and 160 by well-known means.
- the processors 110 and 160 may implement the functions, processes, and / or methods proposed herein.
- the processors 110 and 160 may perform operations according to the above-described embodiment.
- the operation of the processor 110 of the transmitter is specifically as follows.
- the processor 110 of the transmitting device generates a feedback frame based on MU-MIMO beamforming and transmits the feedback frame.
- the operation of the processor 160 of the receiving apparatus is as follows.
- the processor 160 of the receiving apparatus receives the feedback frame generated by the transmitting apparatus and transmits data based on the feedback frame.
- FIG. 21 illustrates a more detailed wireless device implementing an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention described above with respect to the transmitting apparatus or the receiving apparatus can be applied to this embodiment.
- the wireless device includes a processor 610, a power management module 611, a battery 612, a display 613, a keypad 614, a subscriber identification module (SIM) card 615, a memory 620, a transceiver 630. ), One or more antennas 631, speakers 640, and microphones 641.
- SIM subscriber identification module
- Processor 610 may be configured to implement the proposed functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. Layers of the air interface protocol may be implemented in the processor 610.
- the processor 610 may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), another chipset, a logic circuit, and / or a data processing device.
- the processor may be an application processor (AP).
- the processor 610 may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator and demodulator).
- DSP digital signal processor
- CPU central processing unit
- GPU graphics processing unit
- modem modulator and demodulator
- processor 610 examples include SNAPDRAGONTM series processors manufactured by Qualcomm®, EXYNOSTM series processors manufactured by Samsung®, A Series processors manufactured by Apple®, HELIOTM series processors manufactured by MediaTek®, INTEL® It may be an ATOMTM series processor or a corresponding next generation processor manufactured by.
- the power management module 611 manages power of the processor 610 and / or the transceiver 630.
- the battery 612 supplies power to the power management module 611.
- the display 613 outputs the result processed by the processor 610.
- Keypad 614 receives input to be used by processor 610. Keypad 614 may be displayed on display 613.
- SIM card 615 is an integrated circuit used to securely store an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) and its associated keys used to identify and authenticate subscribers in mobile phone devices such as mobile phones and computers. You can also store contact information on many SIM cards.
- IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
- the memory 620 is operatively coupled with the processor 610 and stores various information for operating the processor 610.
- the memory 620 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory card, storage medium, and / or other storage device.
- ROM read-only memory
- RAM random access memory
- flash memory memory card
- storage medium storage medium
- / or other storage device When an embodiment is implemented in software, the techniques described herein may be implemented as modules (eg, procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein.
- the module may be stored in the memory 620 and executed by the processor 610.
- the memory 620 may be implemented inside the processor 610. Alternatively, the memory 620 may be implemented outside the processor 610 and communicatively connected to the processor 610 through various means known in the art.
- the transceiver 630 is operatively coupled with the processor 610 and transmits and / or receives a radio signal.
- the transceiver 630 includes a transmitter and a receiver.
- the transceiver 630 may include a baseband circuit for processing radio frequency signals.
- the transceiver controls one or more antennas 631 to transmit and / or receive wireless signals.
- the speaker 640 outputs a sound related result processed by the processor 610.
- the microphone 641 receives a sound related input to be used by the processor 610.
- the processor 610 In the case of a transmitter, the processor 610 generates a feedback frame based on MU-MIMO beamforming and transmits the feedback frame.
- the processor 610 of the receiving apparatus receives the feedback frame generated by the transmitting apparatus and transmits data based on the feedback frame.
- the feedback frame may be defined as follows.
- the feedback frame includes information related to a feedback subcarrier for a predetermined frequency band and a beamforming report field for the MU-MIMO beamforming.
- the feedback subcarrier includes a first subcarrier that is first transmitted in the feedback subcarrier and a second subcarrier whose subcarrier index is determined based on a grouping value associated with a subcarrier interval.
- the second subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier is set to one of a left edge subcarrier or a right edge subcarrier of the preset frequency band.
- the beamforming report field includes a first signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the first subcarrier and a first differential SNR for the second subcarrier.
- SNR signal to noise ratio
- the first differential SNR is an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers included in the feedback subcarrier.
- the first SNR for the first subcarrier cannot be set to the differential SNR because the first subcarrier does not have a comparison target. Accordingly, the SNR value may be fed back to the first subcarrier, and the differential SNR may be fed back from the second subcarrier that is the feedback subcarrier excluding the first subcarrier. That is, the feedback subcarrier included in the second subcarrier may feed back the SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers to reduce the number of feedback bits.
- the first SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the space time stream.
- the H scidx (0) may be an estimated MIMO channel for the first subcarrier.
- V scidx (0), i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the first subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- the N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- Scidx (0) may be represented by subcarrier index 1 as a first subcarrier index and may be a subcarrier index of the first subcarrier.
- the first SNR may have a granularity of 0.25 dB, a minimum value of ⁇ 8 dB, and a maximum value of 55.75 dB.
- the first SNR may be quantized to 8 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value, and the maximum value. That is, the first SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 55.75 dB having a 0.25 dB interval through the 8 bits.
- the first differential SNR may be obtained based on the following equation for the spatial time stream.
- K may be a subcarrier index of the second subcarrier.
- H k may be an estimated MIMO channel for a k-th feedback subcarrier.
- V k, i may be the i th column of the beamforming matrix V for the k th feedback subcarrier.
- I may be an index of the space time stream.
- N may be average noise plus interference power measured from the first STA.
- the first differential SNR may have a granularity of 1 dB, a minimum value of -8 dB, and a maximum value of 7 dB.
- the first differential SNR may be quantized to 4 bits based on the granularity, the minimum value and the maximum value. That is, the first differential SNR may be indicated by a value of -8 dB to 7 dB having a 1 dB interval through the 4 bits.
- a specific embodiment of the first differential SNR is as follows.
- the second subcarrier may include a third subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 2 and a fourth subcarrier having a subcarrier index of 3.
- the second differential SNR for the third subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the first subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the second differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the first SNR and the second SNR for the third subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the third differential SNR for the fourth subcarrier may be an SNR difference between the second subcarrier and the third subcarrier.
- the equation may be Equation 3 or 4.
- the third differential SNR may be set to an SNR difference value between the second SNR and a third SNR for the fourth subcarrier.
- the SNR difference value may be limited within the range from the minimum value (-8dB) to the maximum value (7dB).
- the fourth subcarrier may be a feedback subcarrier spaced apart from the third subcarrier by the grouping value.
- SNRs of the feedback subcarriers having the grouping value interval may be measured for each subcarrier.
- the first subcarrier transmitted first among the feedback subcarriers may feed back an SNR value as it is, and may feed back an SNR difference between adjacent subcarriers from the second subcarrier.
- the predetermined frequency band may be set to a single channel, two bonded channels, three bonded channels, or four bonded channels. .
- the grouping value may be set to one of 2, 4, 8, or 16.
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Abstract
Description
PHY | MCS | Note |
Control PHY | 0 | |
Single carrier PHY(SC PHY) | 1...1225...31 | (low power SC PHY) |
OFDM PHY | 13...24 |
Claims (15)
- 무선랜(WLAN) 시스템에서 피드백 프레임을 전송하는 방법에 있어서,제1 STA(station)이, MU(Multi User)-MIMO(Multi Input Multi Output) 빔포밍을 기반으로 피드백 프레임을 생성하는 단계; 및상기 제1 STA이, 상기 피드백 프레임을 제2 STA으로 전송하는 단계를 포함하되,상기 피드백 프레임은 기설정된 주파수 대역에 대한 피드백 서브캐리어와 관련된 정보 및 상기 MU-MIMO 빔포밍을 위한 빔포밍 보고 필드를 포함하고,상기 피드백 서브캐리어는 상기 피드백 서브캐리어에서 첫 번째로 전송되는 제1 서브캐리어 및 서브캐리어 간격과 관련된 그룹핑 값을 기반으로 서브캐리어 인덱스가 결정되는 제2 서브캐리어를 포함하고,상기 제1 서브캐리어는 상기 기설정된 주파수 대역의 좌측 엣지(left edge) 서브캐리어 또는 우측 엣지(right edge) 서브캐리어 중 하나로 설정되고,상기 빔포밍 보고 필드는 상기 제1 서브캐리어에 대한 제1 SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) 및 상기 제2 서브캐리어에 대한 제1 차등(differential) SNR을 포함하고,상기 제1 차등 SNR은 상기 피드백 서브캐리어에 포함된 인접한 서브캐리어 간 SNR 차이인방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제1 SNR은 그래뉼리티(granularity)가 0.25dB이고, 최소값이 -8dB이고, 최대값이 55.75dB이고,상기 제1 SNR은 상기 그래뉼리티, 상기 최소값 및 상기 최대값을 기반으로 8비트로 양자화(quantize)되는방법.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 제1 차등 SNR은 그래뉼리티(granularity)가 1dB이고, 최소값이 -8dB이고, 최대값이 7dB이고,상기 제1 차등 SNR은 상기 그래뉼리티, 상기 최소값 및 상기 최대값을 기반으로 4비트로 양자화(quantize)되는방법.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 제1 서브캐리어의 서브캐리어 인덱스가 1인 경우,상기 제2 서브캐리어는 서브캐리어 인덱스가 2인 제3 서브캐리어 및 서브캐리어 인덱스가 3인 제4 서브캐리어를 포함하고,상기 제3 서브캐리어에 대한 제2 차등 SNR은 상기 제1 서브캐리어와 상기 제3 서브캐리어 간 SNR 차이이고,상기 제2 차등 SNR은 상기 k=2일 때 상기 수학식을 기반으로 획득되고,상기 제4 서브캐리어에 대한 제3 차등 SNR은 상기 제2 서브캐리어와 상기 제3 서브캐리어 간 SNR 차이이고,상기 제3 차등 SNR은 상기 k=3일 때 상기 수학식을 기반으로 획득되는방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제4 서브캐리어는 상기 제3 서브캐리어에서 상기 그룹핑 값만큼 떨어진 피드백 서브캐리어인방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 기설정된 주파수 대역은 단일 채널(single channel), 두 개의 본딩된 채널(two bonded channel), 세 개의 본딩된 채널(three bonded channel) 또는 네 개의 본딩된 채널(four bonded channel)로 설정되고,상기 그룹핑 값은 2, 4, 8 또는 16 중 하나의 값으로 설정되고,상기 제2 서브캐리어는 상기 제1 서브캐리어를 제외한 피드백 서브캐리어인방법.
- 무선랜(WLAN) 시스템에서 피드백 프레임을 전송하는 STA(station) 장치에 있어서,메모리;트랜시버; 및상기 메모리 및 상기 트랜시버와 동작 가능하게 결합된 프로세서를 포함하되, 상기 프로세서는:MU(Multi User)-MIMO(Multi Input Multi Output) 빔포밍을 기반으로 피드백 프레임을 생성하고; 및상기 피드백 프레임을 다른 STA 장치로 전송하는 단계를 포함하되,상기 피드백 프레임은 기설정된 주파수 대역에 대한 피드백 서브캐리어와 관련된 정보 및 상기 MU-MIMO 빔포밍을 위한 빔포밍 보고 필드를 포함하고,상기 피드백 서브캐리어는 상기 피드백 서브캐리어에서 첫 번째로 전송되는 제1 서브캐리어 및 서브캐리어 간격과 관련된 그룹핑 값을 기반으로 서브캐리어 인덱스가 결정되는 제2 서브캐리어를 포함하고,상기 제1 서브캐리어는 상기 기설정된 주파수 대역의 좌측 엣지(left edge) 서브캐리어 또는 우측 엣지(right edge) 서브캐리어 중 하나로 설정되고,상기 빔포밍 보고 필드는 상기 제1 서브캐리어에 대한 제1 SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) 및 상기 제2 서브캐리어에 대한 제1 차등(differential) SNR을 포함하고,상기 제1 차등 SNR은 상기 피드백 서브캐리어에 포함된 인접한 서브캐리어 간 SNR 차이인STA 장치.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제1 SNR은 그래뉼리티(granularity)가 0.25dB이고, 최소값이 -8dB이고, 최대값이 55.75dB이고,상기 제1 SNR은 상기 그래뉼리티, 상기 최소값 및 상기 최대값을 기반으로 8비트로 양자화(quantize)되는STA 장치.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 제1 차등 SNR은 그래뉼리티(granularity)가 1dB이고, 최소값이 -8dB이고, 최대값이 7dB이고,상기 제1 차등 SNR은 상기 그래뉼리티, 상기 최소값 및 상기 최대값을 기반으로 4비트로 양자화(quantize)되는STA 장치.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 제1 서브캐리어의 서브캐리어 인덱스가 1인 경우,상기 제2 서브캐리어는 서브캐리어 인덱스가 2인 제3 서브캐리어 및 서브캐리어 인덱스가 3인 제4 서브캐리어를 포함하고,상기 제3 서브캐리어에 대한 제2 차등 SNR은 상기 제1 서브캐리어와 상기 제3 서브캐리어 간 SNR 차이이고,상기 제2 차등 SNR은 상기 k=2일 때 상기 수학식을 기반으로 획득되고,상기 제4 서브캐리어에 대한 제3 차등 SNR은 상기 제2 서브캐리어와 상기 제3 서브캐리어 간 SNR 차이이고,상기 제3 차등 SNR은 상기 k=3일 때 상기 수학식을 기반으로 획득되는STA 장치.
- 무선랜(WLAN) 시스템에서 피드백 프레임을 수신하는 방법에 있어서,제1 STA(station)이, 제2 STA으로부터 MU(Multi User)-MIMO(Multi Input Multi Output) 빔포밍을 기반으로 생성된 피드백 프레임을 수신하는 단계; 및상기 제1 STA이, 상기 피드백 프레임을 기반으로 상기 제2 STA으로 데이터를 전송하는 단계를 포함하되,상기 피드백 프레임은 기설정된 주파수 대역에 대한 피드백 서브캐리어와 관련된 정보 및 상기 MU-MIMO 빔포밍을 위한 빔포밍 보고 필드를 포함하고,상기 피드백 서브캐리어는 상기 피드백 서브캐리어에서 첫 번째로 전송되는 제1 서브캐리어 및 서브캐리어 간격과 관련된 그룹핑 값을 기반으로 서브캐리어 인덱스가 결정되는 제2 서브캐리어를 포함하고,상기 제1 서브캐리어는 상기 기설정된 주파수 대역의 좌측 엣지(left edge) 서브캐리어 또는 우측 엣지(right edge) 서브캐리어 중 하나로 설정되고,상기 빔포밍 보고 필드는 상기 제1 서브캐리어에 대한 제1 SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) 및 상기 제2 서브캐리어에 대한 제1 차등(differential) SNR을 포함하고,상기 제1 차등 SNR은 상기 피드백 서브캐리어에 포함된 인접한 서브캐리어 간 SNR 차이인방법.
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