WO2019209033A1

WO2019209033A1 - Battery diagnostic method

Info

Publication number: WO2019209033A1
Application number: PCT/KR2019/004971
Authority: WO
Inventors: 홍영진; 명희경; 이영재; 최경린
Original assignee: 주식회사 민테크
Priority date: 2018-04-27
Filing date: 2019-04-24
Publication date: 2019-10-31
Also published as: KR102029776B1

Abstract

A battery diagnostic method based on a battery diagnostic device may comprise the steps of: checking the status and information of a battery; performing an initial check by measuring the temperature and the voltage of the battery; performing a test on the battery only when the initial check passes; determining and rating the SOC, SOH, SOP, and SOB of the battery on the basis of the test result; performing a late check of the battery; and storing a battery diagnostic result.

Description

Battery diagnostic method

The present invention relates to a battery diagnostic method, and more particularly, to a battery diagnostic method capable of diagnosing a state, a performance and a problem of an electric vehicle or an ESS (energy storage device) battery.

As air pollution by automobiles increases, much efforts are being made to develop electric vehicles or ESSs. An electric vehicle or an ESS uses a plurality of secondary batteries, in which a large capacity secondary battery is usually connected in series, as a battery.

In particular, in the case of the battery for the electric vehicle and the ESS, since dozens of secondary batteries are repeatedly performed, it is necessary to periodically manage the charging and discharging to maintain the proper operating state.

An object of the present invention is to provide a battery diagnostic method capable of diagnosing a state, a performance and a problem of an electric vehicle or an ESS battery.

The battery diagnostic method according to the present invention can diagnose and grade the status, performance and problems of various batteries.

1 is a perspective view of a battery diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment.

2 is a diagram illustrating a battery diagnosis apparatus connected to a battery according to an exemplary embodiment.

3 illustrates a battery diagnostic system according to an embodiment.

4 is a flowchart of a battery diagnostic method, according to an exemplary embodiment.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a battery initial check operation according to an exemplary embodiment.

6 is a flowchart of a battery test operation according to an exemplary embodiment.

7 is a flowchart of a standard test operation during a battery test operation, according to an exemplary embodiment.

8 is a flowchart illustrating a detailed inspection operation during a battery inspection operation according to an exemplary embodiment.

9 is a flowchart of a capacity standard test operation during a battery test operation, according to an exemplary embodiment.

10 is a flowchart of a capacity overhaul operation during a battery test operation, according to an exemplary embodiment.

11 is a flowchart of a battery late check operation, according to an exemplary embodiment.

12 is a flowchart illustrating a battery late check operation during a battery late check operation according to an exemplary embodiment.

13 is a flowchart of a battery late separation check operation during a battery late check operation according to an exemplary embodiment.

14 is a flowchart illustrating a battery detaching operation during a late battery checking step, according to an exemplary embodiment.

15 is a flowchart of a battery late safety check operation during a battery late check step, according to an exemplary embodiment.

16 is a flowchart illustrating an always-on check according to an embodiment.

17 is a flowchart illustrating an abnormal stop operation according to an exemplary embodiment.

18A to 18Q are flowcharts illustrating unit processes of basic tests configuring a test in a battery diagnosis process, according to an exemplary embodiment.

A battery diagnostic method based on a battery diagnostic apparatus includes: checking a state and information of a battery to be diagnosed, performing an initial check by measuring a voltage and a temperature of the battery, and as a result of the initial check, the state of the battery is normal. Performing a test by measuring an AC impedance and a DC resistance of the battery, determining and rating SOC, SOH, SOP, and SOB of the battery, based on the test result, and later checking of the battery. Performing the step of storing the diagnostic result of the battery.

The checking of the status and information may include reading a barcode attached to the battery with a barcode reader and reading information corresponding to the battery from a database, wherein the information may include the level of the battery and manufacturing information. It may include vehicle model, model year, type, and electrochemical characteristic information.

The performing of the initial check may include measuring AC voltage, temperature, and AC impedance at a specific frequency of the battery using an AC impedance analyzer, measuring voltage and temperature of the battery with a charger, a BMS or a battery interface. Measuring the voltage and temperature of the battery through, and determining the insulation state of the battery with an insulating resistor.

The performing of the inspection may include at least one of a quick inspection mode, a standard inspection mode, a precision inspection mode, a capacitance standard inspection mode, a capacitance inspection mode, and a resistance inspection mode based on the availability of the AC impedance analyzer and the charger / discharger. It may include the step of selecting.

The performing of the inspection may include measuring an AC impedance and then measuring a DC resistance.

The performing of the inspection may include performing high voltage alternating current impedance measurement, discharging direct current resistance measurement, and charging direct current resistance measurement when the SOC of the battery is 50% or more, and performing high voltage alternating current when the SOC of the battery is less than 50%. Impedance measurement, charge DC resistance measurement, discharge DC resistance measurement may be performed in this order.

The rating may include charging or discharging the battery according to a target SOC based on at least one of measured AC impedance, DC resistance, and OCV information of the battery.

The performing of the late check may include measuring voltage, temperature, insulation resistance, and alternating current impedance at a specific frequency of the battery, and storing a test result when the measured value is within a normal range, and removing the tested battery from the MSD. And disconnecting the high voltage connection, the low voltage connection, and the BMS or battery interface of the battery diagnostic apparatus from the battery.

While the battery diagnosis method is being performed, the voltage and temperature of the battery are periodically measured, and when the measured value is out of the normal range, an abnormal stop operation is performed, and the abnormal stop operation performs all executions of the battery diagnosis method. Discontinuing, separating the battery and the MSD, measuring an end voltage of the battery, and if the end voltage is normal, separating the high voltage connection and the low voltage connection from the battery, And separating the BMS or the battery interface of the battery diagnosis apparatus.

In the following, some embodiments will be described clearly and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains (hereinafter, skilled in the art) may easily practice the present invention. will be.

Hereinafter, a battery may refer to one battery cell, or a plurality of battery cells may be electrically connected and modularized. In addition, the battery may include a plurality of battery modules. Each of the plurality of battery modules may include a plurality of cells. The plurality of battery modules may be mixed with each other in series and in parallel. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of battery modules may be a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery. In addition, the capacities of the plurality of battery modules may be the same as or different from each other.

Hereinafter, the meaning that the measured value or state is “not normal” or “abnormal” may mean that the measured value or state is outside the normal range (or reference range) or is outside the reference value. For example, when the measured value is smaller than the first reference value or larger than the second reference value, it may be determined to be abnormal. For example, the insulation state may be determined to be abnormal when the value of the measured insulation resistance is larger or smaller than the reference value.

In addition, as used herein, the term “unit” may mean a hardware component or a circuit such as an FPGA or an ASIC.

1 illustrates a perspective view of a battery diagnostic apparatus 100 according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 illustrates a state in which the battery diagnostic apparatus 100 according to an embodiment is connected to a battery. Referring to FIG. 2, the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 may be connected to the battery 10 to diagnose a state of the battery 10. The battery 10 may include a terminal 12 and a battery management system (BMS) 11. The battery diagnosis apparatus 100 may be connected to at least one of the terminal 12 and the battery management system 11.

3 is a block diagram of a battery diagnostic apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 3, the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 includes a control unit, a diagnosis unit, an AC impedance analyzer (ACIA), a battery interface, a charger, a barcode reader, a voltage meter, an insulation resistor, a power supply, and a first connection unit. (HVJB), and the second connector LVJB.

The controller may control the operation of the AC impedance analyzer. The controller may control the AC impedance analyzer to operate according to a user command or a command received from the outside. To this end, the control unit may be arranged to be connected to the AC impedance analyzer and a circuit, a wire, or a communication line on the circuit board.

In addition, the control unit may control the operation of the diagnostic unit and the charger. In this case, the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 may physically distinguish a plurality of control circuits for controlling the control objects. That is, one controller may control the AC impedance analyzer, the diagnostic unit, and the charger / discharger, and the controller may include a first controller for controlling the AC impedance analyzer, a second controller for controlling the diagnostic unit, and a charger / discharger. It may also include a third control unit for controlling.

The controller may include a memory in which a program for controlling a control target is stored and a processor for executing the stored program. The controller may include one processor or may include a plurality of processors as necessary. Also, a plurality of processors may be integrated on one chip or may be physically separated.

The AC impedance analyzer can detect the AC impedance of the battery. For example, referring to FIG. 2, the AC impedance analyzer may be connected to the cell terminal 12 of the battery 10 to measure information for detecting the AC impedance of the battery.

The AC impedance analyzer may detect the battery AC impedance by measuring at least one of the resistance R, the inductor L, and the capacitor C of the battery at the reference frequency or the reference frequency range. In this case, the battery AC impedance may be detected by configuring an equivalent circuit for electrochemical analysis by measuring at least one of the resistor R, the inductor L, and the capacitor C. FIG. The method of detecting AC impedance may selectively perform various methods such as a bridge method, a resonance method, an I-V method, an RF I-V method, and a network analysis method, if necessary, and is not particularly limited.

The AC impedance analyzer may include a configuration for measuring a resistor, an inductor, and a capacitor, and an operation processing circuit or device for calculating an impedance value using the same. In addition, according to an embodiment, the AC impedance analyzer may further include a temperature meter (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the battery. By measuring the temperature of the battery in the temperature meter, the AC impedance can be detected in consideration of the battery temperature dependency.

In one embodiment, when measured in the AC impedance analyzer, the voltage range may be 5 to 1,000V, the resistance range is 100 μΩ to 1Ω, the frequency range is 0.1Hz to 10kHz, and the temperature range is -40 to 80 ° C. .

The AC impedance analyzer may detect the AC impedance of the battery in various states according to a control command of the controller. Specifically, the AC impedance analyzer may detect an AC impedance for a battery in a fully charged state, an AC impedance for a battery in a full discharge state, and an AC impedance for a battery in a full partial charge / discharge state. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the controller may receive information on whether the AC impedance analyzer is measured, a measurement frequency range, etc. from the diagnostic unit, and control the AC impedance analyzer based on the information. Information about the resistance R, the inductor L, the capacitor C, and the AC impedance measured and detected by the AC impedance analyzer may be transmitted to the diagnosis unit.

The battery interface is connected to the battery terminal to measure the temperature and voltage of the battery. The battery interface may perform a function of measuring the voltage and temperature of the battery when the battery management system BMS does not operate due to a failure. The battery interface may be connected to a terminal of the battery, and may be connected to the controller and the AC impedance analyzer, and serve as a relay so that the controller and the AC impedance analyzer are connected to the battery.

The charger / discharger may charge or discharge the battery. The charger / discharger may charge or discharge the battery according to a control command of the controller, thereby making the battery fully charged, fully discharged, or partially charged. The charger / discharger may measure the capacity of the battery or the DC resistance under the control of the controller. According to one embodiment, the charger and charger may further include a temperature meter (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the battery. By measuring the temperature of the battery in the temperature meter, the AC impedance analyzer can detect the AC impedance for the battery in various states in consideration of the battery temperature dependency.

The diagnosis unit may diagnose a state of the battery based on at least one of the capacity of the battery, the DC resistance, and the AC impedance. The diagnostic unit analyzes the received resistance (R), the inductor (L), the capacitor (C), and the alternating current impedance by an equivalent circuit for electrochemical analysis, and the like, so that the state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH), State information of a battery such as a state of power, a state of energy, and a state of balance can be determined. The diagnostic unit may further determine the state information of the battery by further utilizing the capacity information of the battery and the DC resistance obtained through the charger / discharger. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diagnosis unit may derive the battery state by analyzing the equivalent circuit. Accordingly, the diagnostic unit may include a memory (not shown) for storing program codes and algorithms for analyzing the equivalent circuit, and thus may include at least one processor for executing a program or performing an algorithm.

The diagnosis unit may further include a diagnosis DB. The diagnostic DB may be a database that stores identification information of the battery and various parameter information corresponding thereto (eg, battery manufacturing information, product specifications, electrical characteristic information, electrochemical characteristic information, usage conditions, and environmental information).

The power supply may supply power to the battery management system (BMS) of the battery. To this end, the power supply may be electrically connected to a battery management system (BMS). The power supply may drive the battery management system BMS by supplying power to the battery management system BMS, thereby controlling the battery and obtaining information related to the battery. The power supply may be a device for supplying power to the battery management system BMS by receiving an external power and converting it to a voltage and a current required by the battery management system BMS. The power supply unit may be connected to the control unit to perform power supply and shutdown under the control of the control unit. As described above, the operation control of the power supply may be performed by the controller, or may be controlled by a separate second controller that is physically distinct from the first controller in the controller for controlling the AC impedance analyzer.

The output voltage and current of the power supply can be selected according to the magnitude of the voltage and current required by the battery management system (BMS) and is not particularly limited.

The first connection part (High Voltage Junction Box, HVJB) is connected to the AC impedance analyzer, the AC impedance analyzer may provide a connection circuit for detecting the AC impedance of the battery. In addition, the second connector LVJB may be connected to a power supply, and may provide a connection circuit for supplying power to the battery management system BMS. In one embodiment, the first connection unit and the second connection unit may be connected to the control unit, respectively, and the operation may be controlled by the control unit.

The first connection portion HVJB may be connected to a terminal of the battery so that the AC impedance analyzer may detect the AC impedance of the battery. In addition, the battery diagnostic apparatus 100 may also measure voltages and resistances of the battery by connecting other components of the battery diagnostic apparatus 100 to the terminals or the body of the battery through the first connector. The first connection unit may include a circuit corresponding to each of the components of the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 to connect each of the components of the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 to a terminal or a body of the battery. The circuit may include a switch for connecting or shorting an electrical signal. Each of the components of the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 may be individually connected to or disconnected from the terminal or the body of the battery as needed through the first connector.

The second connection unit (Low Voltage Junction Box, LVJB) may be connected to a battery management system (BMS). The second connector may be configured to connect the battery management system BMS and the power supply so that power of the power supply is supplied to the battery management system BMS. In addition, the second connection unit may be configured as a communication circuit for connecting the battery management system and the BMS communication unit (not shown) to move data with each other.

The voltage meter may check a connection relationship between the first connector and the battery, and measure a voltage of the connection circuit to determine whether the battery is disconnected from the MSD. The MSD is designed to disconnect the electrical connections to the battery to prevent the user from electric shock during inspection or maintenance. The voltage meter may be connected to the terminal of the battery and measure the voltage of the battery to determine whether the battery is stably separated from the MSD, thereby ensuring stability during battery diagnosis. In addition, since other components of the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 may be connected to the battery through the first connector, the voltage meter may check whether the other components of the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 and the battery are normally connected.

An insulation resistor can measure the insulation resistance of the battery. The insulation resistor may be connected to either the positive terminal or the negative terminal of the battery and the body of the battery to measure the insulation resistance of the battery. Through this, it is possible to check whether the body of the battery is insulated, so that the user may prevent an electric shock caused by the current flowing through the body of the battery. The insulating resistor is not particularly limited as long as it is an element or device capable of measuring the resistance of the battery body.

The barcode reader may receive unique information (or identification information) of the battery from the battery. For example, the barcode reader may be included in the diagnosis unit and configured to recognize data such as a barcode displayed on the outside of the battery to recognize data such as a serial number of the battery. The battery diagnosis apparatus 100 may check the information of the battery (battery ID, applied vehicle model name, capacity, number of battery cells, voltage, etc.) through a barcode reader, and may diagnose the battery based on the information of the battery. For example, the diagnosis unit may diagnose the state of the battery by comparing the reference data corresponding to the battery information received through the barcode reader with the data received from the AC impedance analyzer.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 may display information of a battery identified through a barcode reader on a display device (not shown) to allow a user to confirm. The user may check whether the battery information displayed on the battery diagnosis apparatus 100 corresponds to the battery to be diagnosed, thereby preventing a safety accident and a diagnosis error due to a diagnosis command and a battery mismatch.

The battery diagnosis method of FIG. 4 may be performed by the battery diagnosis apparatus 100, but is not limited thereto.

In operation S4100, the battery diagnosis apparatus may check the state and information of the battery. By checking the status and information of the battery, it is possible to apply a condition to test the battery and other types of battery to be actually inspected to prevent a test error or to prevent a fire, an explosion, or a user's safety accident that may occur.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery diagnosis apparatus may determine battery information through identification information such as a barcode or a QR code, and receive a detailed specification corresponding to the determined battery information from a database. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the database may include battery identification information and corresponding battery parameters. The battery parameter may include any information about the identified battery. The battery parameters may include manufacturing information of the battery, corresponding model, model year, geographical location information, temperature, product specification, electrical property information, electrochemical property information, use condition and environmental information, and are collected by inspecting the battery. It may include a parameter.

The battery diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment may be configured to recognize data such as a serial number of the battery by recognizing information such as a barcode displayed on the outside of the battery through a barcode reader.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery diagnostic apparatus may check the type and information of the specification according to the type and year of the battery. The battery diagnosis device selects the level of a diagnostic battery (a cell, a module, or a pack), selects a battery manufacturer, a vehicle type, a year, a pack, or a module level, selects a barcode, and inputs a barcode to check whether there is a match. have. For example, the battery diagnostic apparatus calls a list of manufacturers, models, models, and battery types, selects a manufacturer, models, models, and battery types, and inputs a barcode received through a barcode reader to input a battery type in which the barcode is called. You can check whether it matches the information stored on the list.

The battery diagnostic apparatus reads, displays and stores basic information of the diagnostic battery in a DB. For example, the battery diagnostic apparatus may complete and store acquisition information and basic information of the diagnostic battery in the server of FIG. 3.

In operation S4200, the battery diagnosis apparatus may perform a battery initial check. The initial battery check may include an operation for confirming the safety of the battery state before starting the battery test and / or an operation for confirming an abnormality of various equipment (eg, a battery diagnostic device).

Before the battery inspection, the battery safety check, the connection of the battery and various test equipment, the connection check, and the initial value can be measured and the preparation check can be performed. Safety can be ensured by checking whether the battery can be inspected and checking the equipment connection and malfunction so that only the battery that has passed the initial inspection can be inspected. For example, by performing an initial check, a fire or explosion due to overcharge or overdischarge, which may occur when the battery is not passed through the initial check, may be prevented from an electric shock accident of the user due to insulation breakdown. .

The battery diagnostic apparatus may perform an initial check with various inspection devices. For example, a battery diagnostic device can measure the battery's voltage, temperature, and alternating current impedance at specific frequencies through an AC analyzer. Battery diagnostics can measure voltage and temperature with a DC analyzer. The battery diagnostic device can measure the voltage and temperature of the cell through the BMS or the battery interface. The battery diagnostic device can verify that the insulation of the battery has not been destroyed by an insulation resistor.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery diagnostic apparatus may perform an initial check by comparing the measured voltage value and temperature value with various parameter values of the battery received in step S4100, and may continue the test only for the battery that passes.

Referring to FIG. 5, in operation S4200, the battery diagnosis apparatus may perform a battery initial safety check, a battery connection, a battery initial connection check, a battery initial preparation check, and a storage completion operation.

Initial safety checks can be assigned a diagnostic number, issue additional barcodes for conducting a test diagnostic, disconnect the MSD from the diagnostic battery sample, and measure the battery termination voltage. If it is not confirmed whether the MSD is disconnected or the measured voltage is abnormal, the abnormal stop operation (described later with reference to FIG. 17) may be performed. Hereinafter, the abnormal stop operation is an operation that can be taken when an abnormal indication is found in the battery diagnosis process, and the detailed operation will be described later with reference to FIG.

The battery connection operation may include connecting a battery to a BMS or battery interface, a low voltage connection (eg LVJB in FIG. 3), a high voltage connection (eg HVJB in FIG. 3), a MSD connection and a battery for battery diagnosis. And measuring the voltage at the termination. If the MSD is connected abnormally or the measured voltage is abnormal, the abnormal stop operation may be performed.

The battery initial connection check operation is a process of checking a connection state of a battery sample and determining a normal state. An abnormal stop operation may be performed by measuring the voltage of the battery with a voltage meter. If the voltage is normal, turn on the power supply and BMS, and measure the voltage with CAN signal, relay ON, and voltage meter to perform abnormal stop operation. If the voltage is normal, the insulation is measured with an insulation resistor, and if the insulation state is abnormal, the abnormal stop operation may be performed.

The battery initial check operation is a process of checking whether the AC impedance analyzer, charger / discharger, BMS or battery interface required for battery inspection is ready for inspection by measuring voltage, temperature, and resistance. The battery diagnostic apparatus may perform voltage, temperature, and 1 kHz (or other specific frequency) resistance measurements of the battery via the ACIA. The battery diagnostic apparatus may measure the voltage and temperature of the battery through the charger / discharger. The battery diagnostic apparatus may measure the voltage and temperature of the battery through the BMS or the battery interface. When it is determined that the abnormality is determined by comparing and analyzing the values measured by each device, the abnormal stop operation may be performed.

The battery diagnostic apparatus may store and complete a battery initial check result.

Referring back to FIG. 4, in operation S4300, the battery diagnosis apparatus may test a battery. The battery test operation may include a process of selecting and executing a battery test mode and simultaneously performing a regular check for constantly checking whether a battery is abnormal during the battery test operation. The battery test mode may include a quick test and a standard / precision test.

Referring to Fig. 6, in step S4300, the battery diagnostic apparatus selects a battery test mode, performs a battery always-on check, and checks battery test modes (quick test, standard test, overhaul, capacity standard test, capacity overhaul, At least one of the resistance test) and the test result may be stored. The detailed operation of the always checking operation will be described later with reference to FIG.

The operation of selecting the battery test mode may include a process of presenting a possible test method using an initial check result and selecting a test method to perform a battery test and a regular check. For example, if both an AC impedance analyzer and a charger / discharger are available, a quick test, a standard test, a precision test, a capacity standard test, a capacity test, and a resistance test may all be performed. If only an AC impedance analyzer is available, only a resistance test may be performed. If only the charger and charger are available, only capacity standard inspection and capacity inspection can be performed. The battery diagnostic apparatus may calculate a constant check condition, select a battery test method, execute a battery test, perform a regular check, and store the test method.

In the battery test mode, the quick test method may refer to a process of performing a quick test using an AC impedance analyzer, a charger / discharger, a BMS, or a battery interface during battery diagnosis. In the quick test method, the battery diagnostic apparatus may measure AC impedance first and then measure DC resistance. The reason for measuring the AC impedance first is that if the DC resistance is measured first, the surface state of the electrode in the battery changes greatly, so that accurate current state information is not known.

In the AC impedance measurement, the battery diagnostic apparatus may measure impedance by scanning several frequencies, unlike measuring impedance at short frequencies in the initial check (S4200) and the late check (S4500).

In the measurement of the DC resistance, the battery diagnostic apparatus may measure the discharge DC resistance or the charge DC resistance according to the estimated SOC state. For example, the battery diagnostic device estimates the current SOC state using the current voltage state of the battery and the value loaded from the DB. If the SOC is 50% or higher, there is a risk of overcharge. When the characteristic evaluation is performed and the SOC is less than 50%, there is a risk of overdischarge, and thus the discharge output characteristic evaluation may be performed after the charge output characteristic evaluation. This is to measure the DC resistance out of the dangerous state of the battery.

However, the reference value of the SOC used in the method disclosed herein is not limited to 50%, and any other value may be used as the reference value.

In the battery test mode, the standard test method may refer to a process of performing a standard test using an AC impedance analyzer, a charger, a BMS, or a battery interface during battery diagnosis. In the standard test method, like the quick test method, the battery diagnostic apparatus may measure the AC impedance first and then measure the DC resistance. For example, the battery diagnostic apparatus estimates the current SOC state using the current voltage state of the battery and the value retrieved from the DB. If the SOC is 50% or higher, there is a risk of overcharge, so the high voltage AC impedance and the discharge DC resistance Can be measured, a partial standard discharge can be performed, and the high voltage AC impedance and the charge DC resistance can be measured again. If the SOC is less than 50%, there is a risk of overdischarge, so the high-voltage AC impedance and the charging DC resistance can be measured, partial standard charging can be performed, and the high-voltage AC impedance and the discharge DC resistance can be measured again. 7 is a flowchart of an inspection operation of a standard inspection mode, according to an exemplary embodiment.

During the battery test mode, the overhaul mode is a process of performing a deep test during the battery diagnosis by measuring the internal resistance at each stage while the battery is completely discharged and fully charged using an AC impedance analyzer, a charger, a BMS, or a battery interface. It may mean. 8 is a flowchart of an inspection operation of a detailed inspection mode, according to an exemplary embodiment.

In the battery test mode, the capacity standard test is a process of performing a standard capacity test through a partial charge / discharge test of a battery using a charger / discharger, a BMS, or a battery interface during battery diagnosis. 9 is a flowchart of a test operation of a capacity standard test method, according to an exemplary embodiment.

During the battery test mode, the capacity overhaul is a process of performing a capacity overhaul by performing a full charge / discharge test of the battery using a charger / discharger, a BMS, or a battery interface during battery diagnosis. 10 is a flowchart of an inspection operation of a capacity overhaul mode, according to an exemplary embodiment.

In the battery test mode, the resistance test is a process of performing an AC impedance test using an AC impedance meter, a BMS, or a battery interface. For example, a battery diagnostic device can measure and store high voltage alternating current impedance.

Referring back to FIG. 4, in operation S4400, the battery diagnosis apparatus may perform battery diagnosis and grading.

Battery diagnosis and grading may include a process of calculating and rating SOC, SOH, SOP, SOB of the battery based on the battery test results.

According to an embodiment, the battery diagnostic apparatus may calculate, output, and / or store SOC, SOH, SOP, SOB based on at least one of a quick test, a standard test, a precision test, a capacity standard test, a capacity test, and the like. Can be.

According to an embodiment, based on the battery test result, an accurate SOC may be set based on the target SOC. At this time, an accurate SOC may be set using the measured resistance value. According to one embodiment, based on at least one of measured AC impedance, DC resistance, and OCV information of the battery (eg, AC impedance or DC resistance and OCV information), charging or discharging may be performed according to a target SOC. Can be. The target SOC can be set by loading the battery's Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) from the database.

[Equation 1]

V _cut-off = OCV _target ± IR, I is current value, R is internal resistance

V _cut-off refers to the charge / discharge termination condition setting voltage which becomes the termination condition when charging or discharging to accurately match the battery to the target voltage.

If the battery needs to be discarded, based on the battery test results, the SOC can be completely discharged to 0%, making battery storage and transportation safe.

In operation S4500, the battery diagnosis apparatus may perform a late battery check. The battery late check may include an operation for checking the safety of the battery state due to the battery test and / or for checking whether there is an abnormality of various equipment (eg, a battery diagnosis device) after the battery test. Referring to FIG. 11, the battery late check may include a battery late check operation, a battery late separation check operation, a battery separation operation, and a battery late safety check operation.

The battery late check operation may include checking the battery voltage, temperature, and resistance through an AC impedance analyzer, a charger, a BMS, or a battery interface to check the test diagnosis after completing the battery test diagnosis. Can be. Referring to FIG. 12, the battery diagnostic apparatus performs voltage, temperature, and 1 kHz resistance measurements on the AC impedance analyzer, performs charge / discharge voltage and temperature measurements, measures BMS or battery interface voltage and temperature, and abnormal stop operation. You can then save and complete the cleanup check results as normal. The summary check results may include test results such as battery voltage, temperature, internal resistance, insulation resistance, voltage of each cell, and temperature and abnormal state of the module.

The battery late separation check operation may include a process of checking a separation state and determining a normal state for separation of a battery sample. Referring to Figure 13, the battery late separation check operation, insulation resistance insulation resistance measurement, normality determination, voltage meter voltage measurement, normality determination, CAN signal-> Relay off, power supply OFF-> BMS OFF, voltage meter voltage Measurement, normality determination, further test selection, and separation operations.

The battery disconnecting operation may include a process of separating the MSD from the battery sample, which has been inspected and diagnosed, and separating, identifying, and storing the high voltage connector, the low voltage connector, the BMS, or the battery interface and the battery. Referring to FIG. 14, if the MSD disconnection, the battery end voltage measurement, the MSD disconnection, and the battery end voltage are input and are not normal, the abnormal stop operation may be performed. If normal, disconnect the battery high voltage connection (HVJB in FIG. 3) and the low voltage connection (LVJB in FIG. 3), disconnect the BMS interface, perform an abnormal stop if normal, disconnect and check in the disconnect check phase The result and the result of the determination of the abnormality can be stored.

The battery late safety check operation may include a process of confirming whether the MSD is separated from the sample to check and store the late safety check. Referring to FIG. 15, the MSD separation, the battery end voltage measurement, the MSD separation and the voltage are inputted, and if abnormal, the abnormal stop operation is performed, and if it is normal, the safety check result may be stored.

In operation S4600, the battery diagnosis apparatus may store the battery diagnosis result.

The battery diagnostic unit can save diagnostic results, print a separate bar code for the test diagnostics that can track the diagnostic date, diagnostic center, diagnostic equipment and diagnostic results, and attach the barcode to the battery pack and module to terminate the diagnostic. have.

The regular check operation is a process of periodically measuring the voltage and temperature of the battery through an AC impedance measuring instrument, a charger / discharger, a BMS, or a battery interface to determine battery normal, warning, and abnormal conditions. Figure 16 shows a flow chart of an ongoing check of special procedures that can be performed throughout the battery diagnostic process.

The abnormal stop operation is a process of stopping all executions and ensuring safety when an abnormal state of the battery is detected during the battery test diagnosis. Fig. 17 shows a flowchart of the abnormal stop operation during the special procedure that can be performed throughout the battery diagnosis process. Referring to Fig. 17, the abnormal stop operation includes all execution stops, final state storage, abnormal stop phase sounds and beacon lights, MSD disconnection, battery terminal voltage measurement, disconnection and measurement voltage input, normality determination, and high voltage connection ( 3 may include an isolation confirmation of the HVJB of FIG. 3, an isolation confirmation of the low voltage connection unit (LVJB of FIG. 3), and an operation of confirming the BMS or battery interface separation. For example, an abnormal stop operation may include stopping all executions of the battery diagnostic method, disconnecting the battery and the MSD, measuring the battery terminal voltage, and if the terminal voltage is normal, the high voltage connection of the battery diagnostic apparatus. Disconnecting the low voltage connection from the battery, and disconnecting the BMS or battery interface of the battery shutdown device.

18A to 18Q are flowcharts illustrating a unit process of a basic test configuring a test in a battery diagnosis process, according to an exemplary embodiment.

Low voltage AC impedance according to an embodiment is a process of measuring the battery AC impedance of a voltage of 60V or less using an AC impedance analyzer. 18A illustrates a flowchart of measuring a low voltage AC impedance according to an embodiment.

Low voltage single AC impedance according to an embodiment is a process of measuring a 1000Hz short-frequency AC impedance of a battery of a voltage of 60V or less using an AC impedance analyzer. (E.g. voltage 60V, measuring range 1,000mohm, frequency 1000Hz)

Low-voltage scan AC impedance according to an embodiment is a process of measuring the AC impedance in the 0.1 ~ 1,000Hz scan range of a battery of a voltage of 60V or less using an AC impedance analyzer. (Ex: voltage 60V, measuring range 1,000mohm, 6 points / 10 times)

High-voltage AC impedance according to an embodiment is a process of measuring the battery AC impedance of a voltage of 500V or less using an AC impedance analyzer. 18B is a flowchart of measuring a high voltage AC impedance, according to an exemplary embodiment.

The high-voltage single AC impedance according to an embodiment is a process of measuring a 1000 Hz short frequency AC impedance of a battery having a voltage of 500V or less using an AC impedance analyzer. (E.g. voltage 800V, measuring range 1,000mohm, frequency 1000Hz)

According to an embodiment, the high-voltage scan AC impedance is a process of measuring an AC impedance of a battery having a voltage of 500V or less in a range of 1 to 1,000 Hz using an AC impedance analyzer. (E.g. voltage 800V, measuring range 1,000mohm, 6 points / 10 times)

The charging DC resistance according to an embodiment is a process of measuring a DC resistance starting from charging. 18C is a flowchart of measuring charging DC resistance according to an embodiment.

The discharge DC resistance according to an embodiment is a process of measuring a DC resistance starting from discharge. The measurement of the discharge DC resistance can be performed in a different order from that in Fig. 18C, that is, in the order of discharge, rest, and charging.

Full charging according to an embodiment is a process of fully charging the battery. 18D is a flowchart of performing a full charge according to one embodiment.

Partial standard charging according to an embodiment is a process of charging the battery 10% of the standard capacity. 18E is a flowchart for performing partial standard charging according to one embodiment.

Partial measurement charging according to an embodiment is a process of charging the battery 10% of the measurement capacity. 18F is a flowchart for performing partial measurement charging according to one embodiment.

Recharging according to an embodiment is a process of recharging a battery having an SOC of less than 50%. 18G is a flow chart of performing recharging according to one embodiment.

Full discharge according to an embodiment is a process for completely discharging the battery. 18H is a flowchart for performing a full discharge according to one embodiment.

The partial standard discharge according to an embodiment is a process of discharging the battery 10% of the standard capacity. 18I is a flowchart for performing a partial standard discharge according to one embodiment.

The partial measurement discharge according to an embodiment is a process of discharging the battery 10% of the measurement capacity. 18J is a flowchart of performing a partial measurement discharge according to an embodiment.

Re-discharge according to an embodiment is a process of re-discharging the battery more than 50% SOC. 18K is a flowchart of re-discharging according to an embodiment.

The low-pressure precision charging according to an embodiment is a process of repeatedly performing partial measurement charging, low voltage AC impedance test, and discharge DC resistance test of a fully discharged battery having a voltage of 60 V or less, and performing a low voltage AC impedance test after full charge. 18L is a flow chart of performing low pressure precision charging according to one embodiment.

The high-pressure precision charging according to an embodiment is a process of repeatedly performing partial measurement charging, high voltage alternating current impedance test, and discharge DC resistance test of a fully charged battery having a voltage of 500 V or less, and performing high voltage alternating current impedance test after full charge. 18M is a flow chart of performing high-pressure precision charging according to one embodiment.

The precision charging according to an embodiment is a process of repeating the partial measurement charging and discharging DC resistance tests of the fully discharged battery and performing a full charge. 18N is a flow chart of performing precision charging in accordance with one embodiment.

The low-pressure precision discharge according to an embodiment is a process of repeatedly performing partial measurement discharge, low voltage AC impedance test, and charging DC resistance test of a fully charged battery having a voltage of 60 V or less, and performing a low voltage AC impedance test after full discharge. 18O is a flow chart of performing a low pressure precision discharge according to one embodiment.

The high-pressure precision discharge according to an embodiment is a process of repeatedly performing a partial measurement discharge, a high voltage alternating current impedance test and a charge direct current resistance test of a fully charged battery having a voltage of 500 V or less, and performing a high voltage alternating current impedance test after a full discharge. 18P is a flowchart of a high-pressure precision discharge according to one embodiment.

The precision discharge according to an embodiment is a process of repeating the partial measurement discharge and the charging DC resistance test and performing a full discharge of the fully charged battery. 18Q is a flowchart of performing a precision discharge according to one embodiment.

The descriptions are intended to provide exemplary configurations and operations for implementing the present invention. The technical idea of the present invention will include not only the embodiments described above but also implementations that can be obtained by simply changing or modifying the above embodiments. In addition, the technical idea of the present invention will include implementations that can be achieved by easily changing or modifying the above-described embodiments.

Claims

In the battery diagnostic method based on the battery diagnostic device,

Checking the status and information of the battery to be diagnosed;

Performing an initial check by measuring voltage and temperature for the battery;

Performing a test by measuring an AC impedance and a DC resistance of the battery when the state of the battery is normal as a result of the initial check;

Determining and rating the SOC, SOH, SOP, SOB of the battery based on the test result;

Performing a late check of the battery; And

And storing a diagnosis result for the battery.
The method of claim 1,

Checking the status and information,

Recognizing a barcode attached to the battery with a barcode reader, and reading information corresponding to the battery from a database;

The information includes a battery level, manufacturing information, vehicle type, model, and electrochemical characteristics information.
The method of claim 1,

Performing the initial check,

Measuring an AC impedance at a specific frequency of the battery using an AC impedance analyzer;

Measuring the voltage and temperature of the battery with a charger;

Measuring the voltage and temperature of the battery via a BMS or battery interface; And

Determining an insulation state of the battery with an insulation resistor.
The method of claim 1,

Performing the inspection,

A battery comprising selecting at least one of a quick test mode, a standard test mode, a precision test mode, a capacity standard test mode, a capacity test mode, and a resistance test mode based on the availability of the AC impedance analyzer and the charger / discharger; Diagnostic method.
The method of claim 1,

Performing the inspection,

Measuring the DC resistance after measuring the AC impedance.
The method of claim 1,

Performing the inspection,

When the SOC of the battery is 50% or more, high voltage AC impedance measurement, discharge DC resistance measurement, charging DC resistance measurement are performed in the order of

When the SOC of the battery is less than 50%, the battery diagnostic method performed in the order of high voltage AC impedance measurement, charging DC resistance measurement, discharge DC resistance measurement.
The method of claim 1,

The grading step,

Charging or discharging the battery according to a target SOC based on at least one of measured AC impedance, DC resistance, and OCV information of the battery.
The method of claim 1,

The step of performing the late check,

Measuring a voltage, a temperature, an insulation resistance, and an AC impedance at a specific frequency of the battery, and storing a test result when the measured value is within a normal range;

Separating the battery from which the inspection was completed from the MSD; And

Disconnecting a high voltage connection, a low voltage connection, and a BMS from the battery.
The method of claim 1,

While the battery diagnosis method is being performed, the voltage and temperature of the battery are periodically measured, and when the measured value is out of the normal range, an abnormal stop operation is performed.

The abnormal stop operation is,

Stopping all executions of the battery diagnostic method;

Separating the battery and the MSD;

Measuring an end voltage of the battery;

If the terminal voltage is normal, separating the high voltage connection part and the low voltage connection part of the battery diagnostic apparatus from the battery; And

Disconnecting the BMS or the battery interface of the battery diagnostic apparatus.