WO2019208018A1 - Battery temperature adjustment device - Google Patents

Battery temperature adjustment device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019208018A1
WO2019208018A1 PCT/JP2019/010918 JP2019010918W WO2019208018A1 WO 2019208018 A1 WO2019208018 A1 WO 2019208018A1 JP 2019010918 W JP2019010918 W JP 2019010918W WO 2019208018 A1 WO2019208018 A1 WO 2019208018A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
secondary battery
battery
control device
cooling water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/010918
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
賢二 秋田
横山　直樹
柴田　大輔
啓善 山本
淳 深谷
周平 吉田
久 梅本
裕康 馬場
Original Assignee
株式会社デンソー
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社デンソー filed Critical 株式会社デンソー
Publication of WO2019208018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019208018A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/667—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an electronic component, e.g. a CPU, an inverter or a capacitor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a battery temperature control device.
  • Patent Document 1 a technique for generating a large current in a secondary battery whose output has been significantly reduced by repeatedly charging and discharging the secondary battery using an external circuit and raising the temperature by self-heating due to the internal resistance of the secondary battery is, for example, This is proposed in Patent Document 1.
  • This disclosure aims to provide a battery temperature control device that can suppress heat dissipation loss due to a ripple temperature increase of a secondary battery.
  • the battery temperature control apparatus is an apparatus that self-heats a secondary battery by a ripple current flowing in the secondary battery by controlling charge / discharge of the chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery. .
  • the battery temperature control device includes a heat insulating portion that is disposed outside the secondary battery and insulates heat released from the secondary battery.
  • the battery temperature control device includes a heat storage unit that stores heat released from the secondary battery.
  • the heat of the secondary battery is stored in the heat storage part and is difficult to escape to the external environment, and the heat energy once stored can be used in the secondary battery and other devices. Therefore, it is possible to suppress heat dissipation loss due to ripple temperature rise of the secondary battery.
  • the battery temperature control device includes a current generator and a heat medium circuit.
  • the current generator controls the charge / discharge of the chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery to self-heat the secondary battery by the ripple current flowing through the secondary battery.
  • the heat medium circuit circulates the heat medium and receives heat generated by the current generator with the heat medium.
  • the heat generated by the current generator is transferred to the heat medium circuit, the heat generated to generate the ripple current can be used in the heat medium circuit. Therefore, it is possible to suppress heat dissipation loss due to ripple temperature rise of the secondary battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a battery temperature control device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the inverter.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a control device included in the battery temperature control device,
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the heat insulating portion.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a secondary battery according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing a part of the battery temperature control device according to the fourth embodiment, FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an inverter driving method according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing a part of the battery temperature control device according to the fifth embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a part of the battery temperature control device according to the sixth embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a battery temperature control device according to the seventh embodiment.
  • a battery temperature control device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a device that adjusts a secondary battery 10 mounted on a vehicle to an appropriate temperature.
  • the battery temperature control device 1 is a device that self-heats the secondary battery 10 by a ripple current flowing through the secondary battery 10 by controlling charging and discharging of the secondary battery 10.
  • the battery temperature control device 1 also functions as an air conditioner that adjusts the interior space of the vehicle to an appropriate temperature.
  • the battery temperature control device 1 is mounted on an electric vehicle that obtains a driving force for driving a vehicle from an electric motor for driving.
  • the electric vehicle can charge the secondary battery 10 mounted on the vehicle with electric power supplied from an external power source when the vehicle is stopped.
  • the external power source is, for example, a commercial power source.
  • the electric power stored in the secondary battery 10 is supplied not only to the electric motor for traveling but also to various in-vehicle devices including the electric components constituting the battery temperature control device 1.
  • the secondary battery 10 has a plurality of chargeable / dischargeable battery cells 11.
  • a lithium ion battery can be used, for example.
  • this type of battery is at a low temperature, the chemical reaction is difficult to proceed, and sufficient performance with respect to charging and discharging cannot be exhibited.
  • this type of battery is likely to deteriorate at a high temperature. Therefore, the temperature of each battery cell 11 is adjusted within an appropriate temperature range that can exhibit sufficient performance.
  • the battery temperature control apparatus 1 has a heat insulating part 12 for insulating heat released from the secondary battery 10.
  • a material such as a vacuum heat insulating material, glass wool, or polyurethane foam is used as the heat insulating portion 12.
  • the heat insulating part 12 is disposed outside the secondary battery 10.
  • the heat insulating part 12 covers a part or the whole of the secondary battery 10.
  • the wiring penetrates the heat insulating portion 12.
  • the battery temperature control device 1 has a refrigeration cycle device 20.
  • each component apparatus which comprises the refrigerating-cycle apparatus 20 is demonstrated.
  • Compressor 21 draws in refrigerant in refrigeration cycle apparatus 20, compresses it, and discharges it.
  • the compressor 21 is arrange
  • the compressor 21 is an electric compressor that rotationally drives a fixed capacity type compression mechanism with a fixed discharge capacity by an electric motor.
  • the rotation speed (that is, the refrigerant discharge capacity) of the compressor 21 is controlled by a control signal output from the control device 70 described later.
  • the inlet side of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 is connected to the discharge port of the compressor 21.
  • the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 heat-exchanges the high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 and the high temperature side heat medium circulating in the high temperature cooling water circuit 30 to heat the high temperature side heat medium. It is.
  • As the high temperature side heat medium a solution containing ethylene glycol, an antifreeze solution, or the like can be used.
  • the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 is a high-temperature side water circuit that circulates the high-temperature side heat medium.
  • the high temperature coolant circuit 30 has a high temperature side circulation channel 31.
  • the high temperature side circulation channel 31 is a cooling water channel through which high temperature side cooling water circulates as a high temperature side heat medium.
  • a water passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22, a high temperature side radiator 32, a high temperature side pump 33, a high temperature side electric heater 34, a high temperature side heater core 35, and the like are arranged.
  • the high temperature side radiator 32 is arranged on the front side in the vehicle bonnet.
  • the high temperature side radiator 32 may be formed integrally with the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 or the like.
  • the high temperature side radiator 32 exchanges heat between the high temperature side heat medium heated by the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and the outside air blown from an outside air fan (not shown), and the heat of the high temperature side heat medium is transferred to the outside air. It is a heat exchanger that dissipates heat.
  • the high temperature side pump 33 is a high temperature side water pump that pumps the high temperature side heat medium to the high temperature side electric heater 34 in the high temperature cooling water circuit 30.
  • the high temperature side pump 33 is an electric pump in which the rotation speed (that is, the water pressure feeding capacity) is controlled by the control voltage output from the control device 70.
  • the high temperature side electric heater 34 is an auxiliary heater that generates heat when electric power is supplied and heats the high temperature side heat medium of the high temperature cooling water circuit 30 that is pumped from the high temperature side pump 33.
  • the high temperature side heater core 35 is disposed in an air conditioning casing which will be described later.
  • the high temperature side heater core 35 is a heat exchanger that heats the blown air by exchanging heat between the high temperature side heat medium heated by the high temperature side electric heater 34 and the blown air.
  • the high temperature side pump 33, the high temperature side electric heater 34, the high temperature side heater core 35, the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and the like disposed in the high temperature cooling water circuit 30 are discharged from the compressor 21.
  • a heating unit is configured to heat the blown air using the refrigerant as a heat source.
  • the high temperature cooling water circuit 30 has a path connected in parallel to the high temperature side radiator 32.
  • the path connected in parallel to the high temperature side radiator 32 is a detour path that bypasses the high temperature side radiator 32.
  • a thermostat valve (not shown) is provided at a branch point between the bypass path and the path of the high-temperature side radiator 32. Accordingly, the high temperature side heat medium flows through the path of the high temperature side radiator 32 or the detour path according to the temperature of the high temperature side heat medium of the high temperature cooling water circuit 30.
  • the outlet side of the branch portion 23 a is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22.
  • the branch portion 23a branches the refrigerant flow that has flowed out of the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22.
  • the branch part 23a has a three-way joint structure with three inflow / outflow ports communicating with each other. In the branch portion 23a, one of the three inlets and outlets is a refrigerant inflow port, and the remaining two are refrigerant outlets.
  • a receiver may be connected to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22.
  • the receiver separates the gas-liquid of the high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the high-temperature water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and causes the separated liquid-phase refrigerant to flow downstream, and stores the excess refrigerant in the cycle as the liquid-phase refrigerant. It is a separation part.
  • the receiver is a bottomed cylindrical container.
  • the receiver may be formed integrally with the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 or the like.
  • the inlet side of the cooling expansion valve 24a is connected to one outlet of the branch portion 23a.
  • An inlet side of the endothermic expansion valve 24b is connected to the other outlet of the branch portion 23a.
  • the cooling expansion valve 24a is a pressure reducing unit that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing out of the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 at least in the cooling mode and the dehumidifying heating mode, and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the indoor evaporator 25. This is a cooling flow rate adjusting unit to be adjusted.
  • the cooling expansion valve 24a is an electric variable throttle mechanism that includes a valve body that can change the throttle opening degree and an electric actuator that changes the opening degree of the valve body.
  • the electric actuator is a stepping motor.
  • the operation of the cooling expansion valve 24 a is controlled by a control signal output from the control device 70.
  • the control signal is, for example, a control pulse.
  • the cooling expansion valve 24a has a fully closed function of closing the refrigerant passage by closing the valve opening degree.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the indoor evaporator 25 is connected to the outlet of the cooling expansion valve 24a.
  • the indoor evaporator 25 is disposed in the air conditioning casing. More specifically, the indoor evaporator 25 is disposed on the upstream side of the blowing air flow with respect to the high temperature side heater core 35.
  • the indoor evaporator 25 is a cooling unit that heat-exchanges the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the cooling expansion valve 24a and the blown air to evaporate the low-pressure refrigerant and cool the blown air at least in the cooling mode and the dehumidifying heating mode. It is an evaporation part.
  • the inlet side of the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the indoor evaporator 25.
  • the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 is an evaporation pressure adjusting unit that maintains the refrigerant evaporation pressure in the indoor evaporator 25 at or above a predetermined reference pressure.
  • the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 is configured by a mechanical variable throttle mechanism that increases the valve opening as the refrigerant pressure on the outlet side of the indoor evaporator 25 increases.
  • an evaporating pressure adjusting valve 26 that maintains the refrigerant evaporating temperature in the indoor evaporator 25 at or above a reference temperature capable of suppressing frost formation in the indoor evaporator 25 is employed.
  • the reference temperature is 1 ° C., for example.
  • the outlet of the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 is connected to one inlet side of the merging portion 23b.
  • the junction 23 b joins the refrigerant flow that has flowed out of the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 and the refrigerant flow that has flowed out of the chiller 27.
  • the basic configuration of the merging portion 23b is the same as that of the branching portion 23a. That is, the merge part has a three-way joint structure. Two of the three inlets and outlets are refrigerant inlets, and the remaining one is a refrigerant outlet.
  • the endothermic expansion valve 24b is a pressure reducing unit that depressurizes the refrigerant that has flowed out of the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 at least in the heating mode, and also adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant that flows into the chiller 27. It is.
  • the basic configuration of the endothermic expansion valve 24b is the same as that of the cooling expansion valve 24a.
  • the inlet side of the refrigerant passage of the chiller 27 is connected to the outlet of the endothermic expansion valve 24b.
  • the chiller 27 exchanges heat between the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the endothermic expansion valve 24b and the low-temperature side heat medium circulating in the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 at least in the heating mode, evaporates the low-pressure refrigerant, and absorbs heat to the refrigerant.
  • a solution containing ethylene glycol, an antifreeze solution, or the like can be used as the low-temperature heat medium.
  • the refrigerant circuit formed by the refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 is a heat pump circuit 28 that draws heat from the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 on the low temperature side to the refrigerant circuit on the high temperature side by circulating the refrigerant. That is, the heat of the cooling water circulating through the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 is transferred to the refrigerant circulating through the heat pump circuit 28.
  • the chiller 27 absorbs heat from the cooling water to the refrigerant. Thus, the heat of the cooling water is transferred from the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 to the heat pump circuit 28 via the chiller 27.
  • the other inlet side of the merging portion 23b is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the chiller 27.
  • the suction port side of the compressor 21 is connected to the outlet of the junction 23b.
  • the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 is a low-temperature side water circuit for circulating the low-temperature side heat medium.
  • the low temperature cooling water circuit 40 includes a low temperature side circulation channel 41 and a battery channel 42.
  • the low temperature side circulation channel 41 is a channel through which low temperature side cooling water circulates as a low temperature side heat medium.
  • a low temperature side pump 43, a chiller 27, a low temperature side electric heater 44, an inverter 45, a motor generator 46, and a low temperature side radiator 47 are arranged in the low temperature side circulation passage 41.
  • the low temperature side pump 43 is a low temperature side water pump that pumps the low temperature side heat medium to the inlet side of the water passage of the chiller 27 in the low temperature cooling water circuit 40.
  • the basic configuration of the low temperature side pump 43 is the same as that of the high temperature side pump 33.
  • the low temperature side electric heater 44 is an auxiliary heater that generates heat when electric power is supplied and heats the cooling water of the low temperature cooling water circuit 40.
  • the inverter 45 is a power conversion device that converts DC power supplied from the secondary battery 10 into AC power and outputs the AC power to the motor generator 46.
  • the motor generator 46 uses the electric power output from the inverter 45 to generate a driving force for traveling and also generates regenerative electric power during deceleration or downhill.
  • the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 are adjusted by the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 within an appropriate temperature range in which sufficient performance can be exhibited.
  • the motor generator 46 is a three-phase rotating machine in which, for example, three coils of a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase are connected at a neutral point. Terminals that are not on the neutral point side of the motor generator 46 are connected to the secondary battery 10 via the inverter 45.
  • the inverter 45 generates a three-phase AC voltage and current of U phase, V phase, and W phase to drive the high voltage motor generator 46. Therefore, inverter 45 has U-phase arm 48, V-phase arm 49, and W-phase arm 50. These arms 48 to 50 are connected in parallel between the positive electrode side wiring 51 and the negative electrode side wiring 52.
  • Each arm 48 to 50 has two switching elements 53 and 54 connected in series.
  • the first switching element 53 is connected to the positive electrode side wiring 51.
  • the second switching element 54 is connected between the first switching element 53 and the negative electrode side wiring 52.
  • a diode 55 is connected between the collector and emitter of each of the switching elements 53 and 54 to allow current to flow from the emitter side to the collector side.
  • the connection points of the switching elements 53 and 54 are connected to the terminals of the motor generator 46.
  • Each of the switching elements 53 and 54 is, for example, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Gate Bipolar Transistor).
  • Each diode 55 is an FWD (Free Wheeling Diode).
  • the positive electrode of the secondary battery 10 is connected to the positive electrode side wiring 51 of the inverter 45 through the relay 56. Further, a smoothing capacitor 57 is connected between the positive electrode side wiring 51 and the negative electrode side wiring 52 of the inverter 45.
  • the positive electrode of the secondary battery 10 is connected via a relay 58 to a connection point of the switching elements 53 and 54 corresponding to the U phase.
  • the relays 56 and 58 for example, movable contact type electromagnetic relays are used.
  • the switching elements 53 and 54 and the relays 56 and 58 are electronically operated by an operation signal from a control device 70 described later.
  • the low temperature side radiator 47 is formed integrally with the chiller 27 and the like, and is disposed on the front side in the vehicle bonnet.
  • the low temperature side radiator 47 is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the low temperature side heat medium cooled by the chiller 27 and the outside air blown from the outside air fan, and causes the low temperature side heat medium to absorb heat from the outside air.
  • the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 has a path connected in parallel to the low-temperature side radiator 47.
  • the path connected in parallel to the low temperature side radiator 47 is a detour path that bypasses the low temperature side radiator 47.
  • a thermostat valve (not shown) is provided at a branch point between the bypass path and the path of the low-temperature side radiator 47. Accordingly, the low temperature side heat medium flows through the path of the low temperature side radiator 47 or the detour path according to the temperature of the low temperature side heat medium of the low temperature cooling water circuit 40.
  • a first three-way valve 59 and a second three-way valve 60 are arranged at a connection portion between the low temperature side circulation channel 41 and the battery channel 42.
  • the first three-way valve 59 is an electromagnetic valve that switches between a state in which the cooling water of the low-temperature side circulation passage 41 flows into the battery passage 42 and a state in which the cooling water does not flow into the battery passage 42.
  • the second three-way valve 60 is an electromagnetic valve that switches between a state in which the cooling water in the battery passage 42 flows out to the low temperature side circulation passage 41 and a state in which it does not flow out. Therefore, it can be said that the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 is a heat medium circuit that receives the heat of the secondary battery 10 with the cooling water that is the heat medium.
  • the refrigerant circuit formed by the refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 can be said to be a heat medium circuit that receives the heat of the cooling water with the refrigerant that is the heat medium via the chiller 27.
  • the indoor evaporator 25 and the high temperature side heater core 35 are accommodated in an air conditioning casing (not shown).
  • the high temperature side heater core 35 is disposed on the downstream side of the air flow of the indoor evaporator 25 in the air passage in the air conditioning casing.
  • Inside air and outside air are switched and introduced into the air conditioning casing.
  • the inside air and outside air introduced into the air conditioning casing are blown to the indoor evaporator 25 and the high temperature side heater core 35 by a blower (not shown).
  • An air mix door (not shown) is disposed between the indoor evaporator 25 and the high temperature side heater core 35 in the air passage in the air conditioning casing.
  • the air mix door adjusts the air volume ratio between the cool air that has passed through the indoor evaporator 25 and that flows into the high-temperature heater core 35 and the cool air that bypasses the high-temperature heater core 35.
  • the conditioned air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air mix door is blown into the passenger compartment from an unillustrated air outlet formed in the air conditioning casing.
  • the battery temperature control device 1 is controlled by the control device 70 shown in FIG.
  • the control device 70 includes a well-known microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like and peripheral circuits thereof.
  • the control device 70 performs air conditioning control, temperature control of the secondary battery 10, temperature increase control of the secondary battery 10, and the like according to a control program stored in the ROM.
  • the battery temperature sensor 13 and various switches are connected to the input side of the control device 70.
  • the battery temperature sensor 13 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the secondary battery 10.
  • the various switches are switches related to in-vehicle air conditioning.
  • the device is connected.
  • the control device 70 controls the operation of these controlled devices.
  • the cooling water in the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 is heated by the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22. Since the cooling water of the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 heated by the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 flows through the high-temperature side heater core 35, the air blown into the passenger compartment is heated by the high-temperature side heater core 35.
  • the interior space of the vehicle interior is adjusted. It can be adjusted to an appropriate temperature.
  • the high-temperature side electric heater 34 When the temperature of the cooling water in the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 heated by the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 is not sufficiently increased, such as when the vehicle is started in a low outside air temperature environment, the high-temperature side electric heater 34 The temperature of the cooling water in the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 is increased.
  • the high-temperature side radiator 32 releases excess heat to the outside air.
  • the inverter 45, and the motor generator 46 When it is necessary to warm up the secondary battery 10, the inverter 45, and the motor generator 46, such as when starting a vehicle in a low outside air temperature environment, the temperature of the cooling water in the low temperature cooling water circuit 40 is set by the low temperature side electric heater 44. Raise.
  • the low-temperature side radiator 47 releases excess heat to the outside air.
  • the control device 70 controls the charging / discharging of the secondary battery 10 by driving the inverter 45 to perform the ripple temperature increase control for causing the secondary battery 10 to self-heat by the ripple current flowing through the secondary battery 10.
  • the ripple temperature rise control is performed based on the temperature of the secondary battery 10 detected by the battery temperature sensor 13 and the cell voltage of each battery cell 11 detected by the monitoring device included in the secondary battery 10.
  • the control device 70 determines that the temperature of the secondary battery 10 is low, the electric energy transfer process from the secondary battery 10 to the smoothing capacitor 57 and the electric energy from the smoothing capacitor 57 to the secondary battery 10 are performed. And move processing. That is, the control device 70 performs ripple temperature increase control aiming at heat generation by the internal resistance due to charging / discharging of the secondary battery 10.
  • the electric energy transfer process from the secondary battery 10 to the smoothing capacitor 57 is a boosting process in which the voltage of the secondary battery 10 is boosted and applied to the smoothing capacitor 57.
  • the relay 56 is opened and the relay 58 is closed.
  • the control apparatus 70 turns ON the 2nd switching element 54 of a lower arm about the V phase and W phase which are the legs which are not connected to the secondary battery 10 by the relay 58.
  • FIG. As a result, a current flows through a loop path including the secondary battery 10, the relay 58, the motor generator 46, and the V-phase and W-phase second switching elements 54, and electric energy is stored in the motor generator 46.
  • control device 70 turns off the V-phase and W-phase second switching elements 54, whereby the motor generator 46, the V-phase and W-phase upper arm diode 55, the smoothing capacitor 57, the secondary battery 10, and A current flows through a loop path including the relay 58, and the smoothing capacitor 57 is charged.
  • the process of transferring electrical energy from the smoothing capacitor 57 to the secondary battery 10 is a step-down process in which the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 57 is stepped down and applied to the secondary battery 10.
  • the control device 70 turns on the first switching element 53 of the upper arm for the V phase and the W phase, which are legs that are not connected to the secondary battery 10 by the relay 58.
  • current flows through a loop path including the smoothing capacitor 57, the V-phase and W-phase first switching elements 53, the motor generator 46, the relay 58, and the secondary battery 10, and electric energy is stored in the motor generator 46.
  • control device 70 includes the motor generator 46, the relay 58, the secondary battery 10, and the diode 55 of the lower arm of the V phase and the W phase by turning off the first switching element 53 of the V phase and the W phase. Current flows in the loop path.
  • the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 constitute a current generator that self-heats the secondary battery 10 by a ripple current.
  • the ripple temperature raising control is a motor + inverter system in which the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 are combined.
  • the secondary battery 10 has the heat insulation structure covered with the heat insulation part 12.
  • FIG. 4 shows, the thermal radiation from the secondary battery 10 to external environment can be suppressed. Thereby, the following effects are acquired.
  • the temperature increase rate of the secondary battery 10 can be improved. Moreover, the temperature rising energy for flowing a ripple current can be reduced. For this reason, since the electric power of the secondary battery 10 is not consumed more than necessary, a decrease in the cruising distance of the vehicle can be suppressed.
  • the heat of the secondary battery 10 is difficult to escape to the external environment by the heat insulating part 12, the temperature drop of the secondary battery 10 can be suppressed.
  • the heat can be effectively used in the heat pump circuit 28 and the like.
  • the heat insulating portion 12 disposed outside the secondary battery 10 may be disposed at a part of the outside of the secondary battery 10. Even if the heat insulating portion 12 covers the secondary battery 10, heat dissipation from the secondary battery 10 to the outside air can be suppressed. Therefore, the heat insulating portion 12 is effective even when the entire secondary battery 10 cannot be covered.
  • the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 and the heat pump circuit 28 of the present embodiment correspond to a heat medium circuit.
  • the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 corresponds to the cooling water circuit.
  • the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 correspond to a current generator.
  • switching elements 53 and 54 and the diode 55 correspond to current switching means
  • the coil of the motor generator 46 and the smoothing capacitor 57 correspond to power storage means.
  • the battery temperature adjustment device 1 has a heat storage unit 14 for storing heat released from the secondary battery 10.
  • the heat storage unit 14 stores heat using the phase transition of the heat storage material.
  • the heat storage unit 14 covers, for example, the entire secondary battery 10.
  • the heat insulating part 12 is disposed outside the heat storage part 14.
  • the heat insulation part 12 seals the secondary battery 10 and the heat storage part 14. It is desirable that there is a gap between the heat storage unit 14 and the heat insulating unit 12 for enhancing the heat insulating effect. Note that the wiring of the secondary battery 10 passes through the heat insulating portion 12 and the heat storage portion 14.
  • the heat storage amount of the secondary battery 10 is increased by the heat storage unit 14, the effect of suppressing the temperature drop of the secondary battery 10 is increased. Further, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • the heat storage unit 14 may be disposed between the battery cells 11 instead of the outside of the secondary battery 10. That is, the battery cell 11 and the heat storage unit 14 are alternately stacked. Further, the heat storage unit 14 may be arranged in a part of the secondary battery 10 instead of the whole. For example, the heat insulation part 12 may be arrange
  • the battery temperature adjustment device 1 does not have the heat insulation part 12 but has the heat storage part 14.
  • the heat dissipation loss of the secondary battery 10 may be suppressed only by the heat storage unit 14.
  • the effects and modifications of the heat storage unit 14 are the same as those in the second embodiment.
  • waste heat is generated from the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 during the ripple temperature increase control.
  • the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 and the heat pump circuit 28 receive waste heat generated by the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 with cooling water or refrigerant as a heat medium.
  • the waste heat of the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 can be recovered by the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 and the heat pump circuit 28. Further, the waste heat of the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 can be used for heating the air in the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22. Thus, the heat generated to generate the ripple current can be used in the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 and the heat pump circuit 28. Thereby, the cycle effect of the heat pump circuit 28 can be improved.
  • the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 cooled by the chiller 27 flows through the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46, the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 can be cooled. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress heat dissipation loss due to ripple temperature rise. As described above, a certain proportion of waste heat that does not contribute to the temperature rise of the secondary battery 10 can be effectively used.
  • the current generator When the current generator generates a ripple current by the motor + inverter system, the current generator configures a circuit including an IGBT, a diode, a motor coil, and a capacitor as a heat generating part.
  • the operation of the motor + inverter system is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the current generator When the current generator generates a ripple current by a booster circuit system, the current generator is a system in which a circuit including an IGBT, a diode, a reactor, and a capacitor is formed as a heat generating part, and the high voltage side IGBT and the low voltage side IGBT are in series. Connected. A capacitor is connected in parallel to the series connection of the high voltage side IGBT and the low voltage side IGBT. A reactor is connected to the connection point of each IGBT. Each IGBT includes a diode. Secondary battery 10 is connected between the reactor and the low-voltage IGBT.
  • the low-voltage side IGBT When boosting, the low-voltage side IGBT is turned on, a current is passed through the secondary battery 10 ⁇ reactor ⁇ low-voltage side IGBT, and energy is stored in the reactor. Thereafter, the low voltage side IGBT is turned off, and a current is passed through the battery, the reactor, the diode of the high voltage side IGBT, and the capacitor. Since the voltage on the secondary battery 10 side of the reactor is the voltage of the secondary battery 10, the boosted voltage is stored in the capacitor.
  • the high-voltage side IGBT is turned on, and a current is passed through the capacitor ⁇ high-voltage side IGBT ⁇ reactor ⁇ secondary battery 10 to store energy in the reactor. Thereafter, the high voltage side IGBT is turned off, and a current is passed through the diode of the reactor ⁇ the secondary battery 10 ⁇ the low voltage side IGBT. Since the voltage on the diode side of the low voltage side IGBT of the reactor becomes 0V, the stepped down voltage is stored in the secondary battery 10.
  • a ripple current is passed through the secondary battery 10 by repeating the above step-up and step-down.
  • the temperature of the secondary battery 10 rises due to internal heat generation of the secondary battery 10.
  • the direction of the secondary battery 10 ⁇ reactor is positive, the current flows in the positive direction when boosting, and the current flows in the reverse direction when decreasing.
  • the current generator when the current generator generates a ripple current by the matrix converter method, the current generator constitutes a circuit including a MOSFET switch and a capacitor as a heat generating part.
  • the secondary battery 10 constitutes a module including a MOSFET switch and a capacitor.
  • the MOSFET switch opens and closes between the positive electrode of the battery cell 11 and one terminal of the in-module capacitor.
  • the MOSFET switch opens and closes between the negative electrode of the battery cell 11 and the other terminal of the in-module capacitor.
  • the temperature of the secondary battery 10 When the temperature of the secondary battery 10 is low, according to the switching operation of the MOSFET switch, some electric energy of the battery cell 11 is discharged to the capacitor in the secondary battery 10 to store the energy stored in the capacitor in the secondary battery 10. To charge some of the battery cells 11. That is, when the battery cell 11 is repeatedly charged and discharged, the temperature of the secondary battery 10 can be increased by heat generated by the internal resistance.
  • boost circuit type IGBT and diode, and the matrix converter type MOSFET switch of the present embodiment correspond to the current switching means. Further, a booster circuit type reactor and capacitor, and a matrix converter type capacitor correspond to the power storage means.
  • the heat of the cooling water is transferred to the refrigerant circulating through the heat pump circuit 28 through the chiller 27.
  • the heat of the secondary battery 10 after the ripple temperature rise control can be used for air conditioning control.
  • the battery temperature adjustment device 1 may be configured such that the refrigerant of the heat pump circuit 28 passes through the secondary battery 10. Thereby, the heat of the secondary battery 10 can be directly transferred to the heat pump circuit 28.
  • FIG. 11 in the secondary battery 10, a first assembled battery 15a, a second assembled battery 15b, and a third assembled battery 15c, in which a plurality of battery cells 11 are connected in series, are connected in parallel. Switches 16a to 16c are connected in series to the assembled batteries 15a to 15c. The switches 16a to 16c are controlled by the control device 70.
  • the supply of power from the first assembled battery 15a to the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 is interrupted by the first switch 16a.
  • the power supply from the second assembled battery 15b to the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 is interrupted by the second switch 16b.
  • the power supply from the third assembled battery 15c to the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 is interrupted by the third switch 16c.
  • the battery flow path 42 of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 includes a first battery flow path 42a, a second battery flow path 42b, and a third battery flow path 42c corresponding to each of the assembled batteries 15a to 15c. Yes.
  • Each of the battery channels 42a to 42c is a cooling water channel through which the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 flows.
  • the first battery pack 15a is disposed in the first battery channel 42a.
  • the temperature of the first assembled battery 15a is adjusted by the cooling water flowing through the first battery channel 42a.
  • a first on-off valve 61a is disposed in the first battery channel 42a.
  • the first on-off valve 61a is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the first battery channel 42a.
  • the second battery pack 15b is disposed in the second battery channel 42b.
  • the temperature of the second assembled battery 15b is adjusted by the cooling water flowing through the second battery channel 42b.
  • a second on-off valve 61b is disposed in the second battery channel 42b.
  • the second on-off valve 61b is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the second battery channel 42b.
  • the third battery pack 15c is disposed in the third battery flow path 42c.
  • the temperature of the third assembled battery 15c is adjusted by the cooling water flowing through the third battery channel 42c.
  • a third on-off valve 61c is disposed in the third battery channel 42c.
  • the third on-off valve 61c is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the third battery channel 42c.
  • the cooling water in the low temperature side circulation channel 41 flows into the battery channels 42a to 42c, and the cooling water in the battery channels 42a to 42c is on the low temperature side.
  • the cooling water circulates through the battery channels 42a to 42c.
  • the circulation of the cooling water with respect to each of the battery flow paths 42a to 42c can be arbitrarily interrupted by the open / close control of each of the on / off valves 61a to 61c.
  • the first assembled battery 15a is covered with the heat insulating portion 12. Thereby, a part of the secondary battery 10 can be subjected to ripple temperature rise control.
  • cooling water or refrigerant is used as the heat medium, but various media such as oil may be used as the heat medium.
  • a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant is used as the refrigerant.
  • the type of the refrigerant is not limited to this, and a natural refrigerant such as carbon dioxide, a hydrocarbon refrigerant, or the like may be used. good.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 of the above embodiment constitutes a subcritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the critical pressure of the refrigerant, but constitutes a supercritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure exceeds the critical pressure of the refrigerant. You may do it.
  • the inlet side of the branch portion 23 a is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22, but it expands to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22.
  • a valve may be connected, and an outdoor unit may be connected to the expansion valve.
  • An outdoor unit is connected to the inlet side of the branch part 23a.
  • the battery temperature control device 1 is mounted on an electric vehicle.
  • the battery temperature control device 1 is mounted on a hybrid vehicle that obtains driving force for vehicle travel from an internal combustion engine and a travel electric motor. Also good.
  • the battery temperature control apparatus 1 is not restricted to vehicles, You may apply to the secondary batteries 10 other than vehicles.
  • the ejector may be built in the indoor evaporator 25 of the above embodiment.
  • the ejector sucks the fluid from the fluid suction port by the suction action of the high-speed jet fluid ejected from the nozzle.
  • the ejector further increases the pressure of the mixed fluid by converting the velocity energy of the mixed fluid of the ejected fluid and the suction fluid sucked from the fluid suction port into pressure energy at the boosting unit.
  • the booster is a so-called diffuser.
  • the compressor 21 of the above embodiment may be a gas injection compressor.
  • the gas injection compressor is a compressor that improves the compression efficiency by joining the intermediate pressure refrigerant generated in the cycle with the intermediate pressure refrigerant in the pressurization process and increasing the pressure of the refrigerant in multiple stages.

Abstract

A battery temperature adjustment device (1) controls charging/discharging of a secondary battery that can be charged/discharged, whereby the secondary battery self-generates heat due to a ripple current flowing in the secondary battery. The battery temperature adjustment device includes a heat-insulating part (12). The heat-insulating part is disposed on the outer side of the secondary battery. The heat-insulating part insulates heat discharged from the secondary battery. According to this configuration, due to the heat-insulating part, heat from the secondary battery does not readily escape to the external environment. Therefore, it is possible to suppress radiant heat loss in ripple temperature increase in the secondary battery.

Description

電池温調装置Battery temperature control device 関連出願の相互参照Cross-reference of related applications
　本出願は、２０１８年４月２７日に出願された日本特許出願２０１８－８６３２９号に基づくもので、ここにその記載内容を援用する。 This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-86329 filed on Apr. 27, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
　本開示は、電池温調装置に関する。 The present disclosure relates to a battery temperature control device.
　一般に、温度が過度に低下した２次電池は最大出力が著しく低下するので、負荷に対する十分な電力を供給することが困難である。このため、２次電池の加熱が必要になる。しかし、２次電池が持つ電気エネルギを用いて２次電池そのものを加熱する場合、２次電池単独では十分な出力を得ることができず、迅速な加熱が困難であった。 Generally, since the maximum output of a secondary battery whose temperature is excessively lowered is significantly reduced, it is difficult to supply sufficient power to the load. For this reason, the secondary battery needs to be heated. However, when the secondary battery itself is heated using electric energy possessed by the secondary battery, the secondary battery alone cannot obtain a sufficient output, and rapid heating is difficult.
　そこで、外部回路を用いて２次電池の充放電を繰り返すことにより、出力が著しく低下した２次電池に大電流を発生させ、２次電池の内部抵抗による自己発熱で昇温する技術が、例えば特許文献１で提案されている。 Therefore, a technique for generating a large current in a secondary battery whose output has been significantly reduced by repeatedly charging and discharging the secondary battery using an external circuit and raising the temperature by self-heating due to the internal resistance of the secondary battery is, for example, This is proposed in Patent Document 1.
特許第５８６５７３６号公報Japanese Patent No. 58653636
　しかしながら、上記従来の技術のように、２次電池の充放電を繰り返すリップル昇温の方法を用いて２次電池を加熱する場合、リップル昇温によって発生した熱の一部が２次電池から外部環境に放熱される。このため、放熱ロスが生じてしまう。 However, when the secondary battery is heated using a ripple temperature rising method that repeats charging and discharging of the secondary battery as in the conventional technique, a part of the heat generated by the ripple temperature rising is external from the secondary battery. Heat is released to the environment. For this reason, a heat dissipation loss occurs.
　本開示は、２次電池のリップル昇温における放熱ロスを抑制することができる電池温調装置を提供することを目的とする。 This disclosure aims to provide a battery temperature control device that can suppress heat dissipation loss due to a ripple temperature increase of a secondary battery.
　本開示の第１態様及び第２態様による電池温調装置は、充放電可能な２次電池の充放電を制御することで２次電池に流れるリップル電流によって２次電池を自己発熱させる装置である。 The battery temperature control apparatus according to the first aspect and the second aspect of the present disclosure is an apparatus that self-heats a secondary battery by a ripple current flowing in the secondary battery by controlling charge / discharge of the chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery. .
　本開示の第１態様による電池温調装置は、２次電池の外側に配置され、２次電池から放出される熱を断熱する断熱部を含む。 The battery temperature control device according to the first aspect of the present disclosure includes a heat insulating portion that is disposed outside the secondary battery and insulates heat released from the secondary battery.
　これによると、２次電池の熱が断熱部によって外部環境に逃げにくくなる。したがって、２次電池のリップル昇温における放熱ロスを抑制することができる。 According to this, it becomes difficult for the heat of the secondary battery to escape to the external environment by the heat insulating part. Therefore, it is possible to suppress heat dissipation loss due to ripple temperature rise of the secondary battery.
　本開示の第２態様による電池温調装置は、２次電池から放出される熱を蓄熱する蓄熱部を含む。 The battery temperature control device according to the second aspect of the present disclosure includes a heat storage unit that stores heat released from the secondary battery.
　これによると、２次電池の熱が蓄熱部に蓄熱され外部環境に逃げにくくなり、一旦蓄熱した熱エネルギを２次電池やその他の機器で利用することができる。したがって、２次電池のリップル昇温における放熱ロスを抑制することができる。 According to this, the heat of the secondary battery is stored in the heat storage part and is difficult to escape to the external environment, and the heat energy once stored can be used in the secondary battery and other devices. Therefore, it is possible to suppress heat dissipation loss due to ripple temperature rise of the secondary battery.
　本開示の第３態様による電池温調装置は、電流発生装置と熱媒体回路とを含む。電流発生装置は、充放電可能な２次電池の充放電を制御することで２次電池に流れるリップル電流によって２次電池を自己発熱させる。熱媒体回路は、熱媒体が循環すると共に、電流発生装置で発生する熱を熱媒体で受け取る。 The battery temperature control device according to the third aspect of the present disclosure includes a current generator and a heat medium circuit. The current generator controls the charge / discharge of the chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery to self-heat the secondary battery by the ripple current flowing through the secondary battery. The heat medium circuit circulates the heat medium and receives heat generated by the current generator with the heat medium.
　これによると、電流発生装置で発生する熱が、熱媒体回路に受け渡されるので、リップル電流を発生させるために生じる熱を熱媒体回路において利用することができる。したがって、２次電池のリップル昇温における放熱ロスを抑制することができる。 According to this, since the heat generated by the current generator is transferred to the heat medium circuit, the heat generated to generate the ripple current can be used in the heat medium circuit. Therefore, it is possible to suppress heat dissipation loss due to ripple temperature rise of the secondary battery.
　本開示についての上記及び他の目的、特徴や利点は、添付図面を参照した下記詳細な説明から、より明確になる。添付図面において、
図１は、第１実施形態に係る電池温調装置を示した図であり、 図２は、インバータの回路図であり、 図３は、電池温調装置に含まれる制御装置を説明するための図であり、 図４は、断熱部の効果を説明するための図であり、 図５は、第２実施形態に係る２次電池を示した図であり、 図６は、第３実施形態に係る２次電池を示した図であり、 図７は、第４実施形態に係る電池温調装置の一部を示した図であり、 図８は、第４実施形態に係るインバータの駆動方式を示した図であり、 図９は、第５実施形態に係る電池温調装置の一部を示した図であり、 図１０は、第６実施形態に係る電池温調装置の一部を示した図であり、 図１１は、第７実施形態に係る電池温調装置を示した図である。 The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings,
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a battery temperature control device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the inverter. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a control device included in the battery temperature control device, FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the heat insulating portion. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a secondary battery according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a secondary battery according to the third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a view showing a part of the battery temperature control device according to the fourth embodiment, FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an inverter driving method according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a view showing a part of the battery temperature control device according to the fifth embodiment, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a part of the battery temperature control device according to the sixth embodiment, FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a battery temperature control device according to the seventh embodiment.
　以下に、図面を参照しながら本開示を実施するための複数の形態を説明する。各実施形態において先行する実施形態で説明した事項に対応する部分には同一の参照符号を付して重複する説明を省略する場合がある。各実施形態において構成の一部のみを説明している場合は、構成の他の部分については先行して説明した他の実施形態を適用することができる。各実施形態で具体的に組合せが可能であることを明示している部分同士の組合せばかりではなく、特に組合せに支障が生じなければ、明示してなくとも実施形態同士を部分的に組み合せることも可能である。 Hereinafter, a plurality of modes for carrying out the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, portions corresponding to those described in the preceding embodiment may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. When only a part of the configuration is described in each embodiment, the other embodiments described above can be applied to other parts of the configuration. Not only combinations of parts that clearly show that combinations are possible in each embodiment, but also combinations of the embodiments even if they are not explicitly stated unless there is a problem with the combination. Is also possible.
　（第１実施形態）
　以下、実施形態について図に基づいて説明する。図１に示された電池温調装置１は、車両に搭載された２次電池１０を適切な温度に調整する装置である。電池温調装置１は、２次電池１０の充放電を制御することで２次電池１０に流れるリップル電流によって２次電池１０を自己発熱させる装置である。また、電池温調装置１は、車室内空間を適切な温度に調整する空調装置としても機能する。 (First embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. A battery temperature control device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a device that adjusts a secondary battery 10 mounted on a vehicle to an appropriate temperature. The battery temperature control device 1 is a device that self-heats the secondary battery 10 by a ripple current flowing through the secondary battery 10 by controlling charging and discharging of the secondary battery 10. The battery temperature control device 1 also functions as an air conditioner that adjusts the interior space of the vehicle to an appropriate temperature.
　電池温調装置１は、走行用電動モータから車両走行用の駆動力を得る電気自動車に搭載される。電気自動車は、車両停車時に外部電源から供給された電力を、車両に搭載された２次電池１０に充電可能となっている。外部電源は例えば商用電源である。２次電池１０に蓄えられた電力は、走行用電動モータのみならず、電池温調装置１を構成する電動式構成機器をはじめとする各種車載機器に供給される。 The battery temperature control device 1 is mounted on an electric vehicle that obtains a driving force for driving a vehicle from an electric motor for driving. The electric vehicle can charge the secondary battery 10 mounted on the vehicle with electric power supplied from an external power source when the vehicle is stopped. The external power source is, for example, a commercial power source. The electric power stored in the secondary battery 10 is supplied not only to the electric motor for traveling but also to various in-vehicle devices including the electric components constituting the battery temperature control device 1.
　２次電池１０は、充放電可能な複数の電池セル１１を有する。各電池セル１１としては、例えばリチウムイオン電池を用いることができる。この種の電池は、低温になると化学反応が進みにくく充放電に関して十分な性能を発揮することができない。一方、この種の電池は、高温になると劣化が進行しやすい。したがって、各電池セル１１の温度は、充分な性能を発揮できる適正な温度の範囲内に調整される。 The secondary battery 10 has a plurality of chargeable / dischargeable battery cells 11. As each battery cell 11, a lithium ion battery can be used, for example. When this type of battery is at a low temperature, the chemical reaction is difficult to proceed, and sufficient performance with respect to charging and discharging cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, this type of battery is likely to deteriorate at a high temperature. Therefore, the temperature of each battery cell 11 is adjusted within an appropriate temperature range that can exhibit sufficient performance.
　また、電池温調装置１は、２次電池１０から放出される熱を断熱するための断熱部１２を有する。断熱部１２として、例えば真空断熱材、グラスウール、発泡ポリウレタン等の材料が用いられる。 Moreover, the battery temperature control apparatus 1 has a heat insulating part 12 for insulating heat released from the secondary battery 10. For example, a material such as a vacuum heat insulating material, glass wool, or polyurethane foam is used as the heat insulating portion 12.
　断熱部１２は、２次電池１０の外側に配置されている。断熱部１２は、２次電池１０の一部、または全体を覆っている。なお、配線は断熱部１２を貫通している。 The heat insulating part 12 is disposed outside the secondary battery 10. The heat insulating part 12 covers a part or the whole of the secondary battery 10. The wiring penetrates the heat insulating portion 12.
　電池温調装置１は、冷凍サイクル装置２０を有する。以下、冷凍サイクル装置２０を構成する各構成機器について説明する。 The battery temperature control device 1 has a refrigeration cycle device 20. Hereinafter, each component apparatus which comprises the refrigerating-cycle apparatus 20 is demonstrated.
　圧縮機２１は、冷凍サイクル装置２０において、冷媒を吸入し、圧縮して吐出する。圧縮機２１は、車両ボンネット内に配置されている。圧縮機２１は、吐出容量が固定された固定容量型の圧縮機構を電動モータにて回転駆動する電動圧縮機である。圧縮機２１は、後述する制御装置７０から出力される制御信号によって、回転数（すなわち冷媒吐出能力）が制御される。 Compressor 21 draws in refrigerant in refrigeration cycle apparatus 20, compresses it, and discharges it. The compressor 21 is arrange | positioned in the vehicle bonnet. The compressor 21 is an electric compressor that rotationally drives a fixed capacity type compression mechanism with a fixed discharge capacity by an electric motor. The rotation speed (that is, the refrigerant discharge capacity) of the compressor 21 is controlled by a control signal output from the control device 70 described later.
　圧縮機２１の吐出口には、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２の冷媒通路の入口側が接続されている。高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２は、圧縮機２１から吐出された高圧冷媒と高温冷却水回路３０を循環する高温側熱媒体とを熱交換させて、高温側熱媒体を加熱する熱交換器である。高温側熱媒体としては、エチレングリコールを含む溶液、不凍液等を採用することができる。 The inlet side of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 is connected to the discharge port of the compressor 21. The high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 heat-exchanges the high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 and the high temperature side heat medium circulating in the high temperature cooling water circuit 30 to heat the high temperature side heat medium. It is. As the high temperature side heat medium, a solution containing ethylene glycol, an antifreeze solution, or the like can be used.
　ここで、高温冷却水回路３０は、高温側熱媒体を循環させる高温側の水回路である。高温冷却水回路３０は、高温側循環流路３１を有する。高温側循環流路３１は、高温側熱媒体として高温側冷却水が循環する冷却水流路である。高温側循環流路３１には、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２の水通路、高温側ラジエータ３２、高温側ポンプ３３、高温側電気ヒータ３４、高温側ヒータコア３５等が配置されている。 Here, the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 is a high-temperature side water circuit that circulates the high-temperature side heat medium. The high temperature coolant circuit 30 has a high temperature side circulation channel 31. The high temperature side circulation channel 31 is a cooling water channel through which high temperature side cooling water circulates as a high temperature side heat medium. In the high temperature side circulation channel 31, a water passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22, a high temperature side radiator 32, a high temperature side pump 33, a high temperature side electric heater 34, a high temperature side heater core 35, and the like are arranged.
　高温側ラジエータ３２は、車両ボンネット内の前方側に配置されている。高温側ラジエータ３２は、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２等と一体的に形成されていても良い。高温側ラジエータ３２は、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２にて加熱された高温側熱媒体と図示しない外気ファンから送風された外気とを熱交換させて、高温側熱媒体の有する熱を外気に放熱させる熱交換器である。 The high temperature side radiator 32 is arranged on the front side in the vehicle bonnet. The high temperature side radiator 32 may be formed integrally with the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 or the like. The high temperature side radiator 32 exchanges heat between the high temperature side heat medium heated by the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and the outside air blown from an outside air fan (not shown), and the heat of the high temperature side heat medium is transferred to the outside air. It is a heat exchanger that dissipates heat.
　高温側ポンプ３３は、高温冷却水回路３０において、高温側熱媒体を高温側電気ヒータ３４へ圧送する高温側水ポンプである。高温側ポンプ３３は、制御装置７０から出力される制御電圧によって、回転数（すなわち水圧送能力）が制御される電動ポンプである。 The high temperature side pump 33 is a high temperature side water pump that pumps the high temperature side heat medium to the high temperature side electric heater 34 in the high temperature cooling water circuit 30. The high temperature side pump 33 is an electric pump in which the rotation speed (that is, the water pressure feeding capacity) is controlled by the control voltage output from the control device 70.
　高温側電気ヒータ３４は、電力が供給されることによって発熱し、高温側ポンプ３３から圧送される高温冷却水回路３０の高温側熱媒体を加熱する補助加熱器である。 The high temperature side electric heater 34 is an auxiliary heater that generates heat when electric power is supplied and heats the high temperature side heat medium of the high temperature cooling water circuit 30 that is pumped from the high temperature side pump 33.
　高温側ヒータコア３５は、後述する空調ケーシング内に配置されている。高温側ヒータコア３５は、高温側電気ヒータ３４にて加熱された高温側熱媒体と送風空気とを熱交換させて、送風空気を加熱する熱交換器である。 The high temperature side heater core 35 is disposed in an air conditioning casing which will be described later. The high temperature side heater core 35 is a heat exchanger that heats the blown air by exchanging heat between the high temperature side heat medium heated by the high temperature side electric heater 34 and the blown air.
　つまり、本実施形態では、高温冷却水回路３０に配置された高温側ポンプ３３、高温側電気ヒータ３４、高温側ヒータコア３５、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２等によって、圧縮機２１から吐出された冷媒を熱源として送風空気を加熱する加熱部が構成されている。 That is, in the present embodiment, the high temperature side pump 33, the high temperature side electric heater 34, the high temperature side heater core 35, the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and the like disposed in the high temperature cooling water circuit 30 are discharged from the compressor 21. A heating unit is configured to heat the blown air using the refrigerant as a heat source.
　なお、高温冷却水回路３０は、高温側ラジエータ３２に並列に接続された経路を有する。高温側ラジエータ３２に並列に接続された経路は、高温側ラジエータ３２を迂回する迂回経路である。迂回経路と高温側ラジエータ３２の経路との分岐点には図示しないサーモスタット弁が設けられている。これにより、高温冷却水回路３０の高温側熱媒体の温度に応じて、高温側熱媒体が高温側ラジエータ３２の経路または迂回経路に流れる。 The high temperature cooling water circuit 30 has a path connected in parallel to the high temperature side radiator 32. The path connected in parallel to the high temperature side radiator 32 is a detour path that bypasses the high temperature side radiator 32. A thermostat valve (not shown) is provided at a branch point between the bypass path and the path of the high-temperature side radiator 32. Accordingly, the high temperature side heat medium flows through the path of the high temperature side radiator 32 or the detour path according to the temperature of the high temperature side heat medium of the high temperature cooling water circuit 30.
　次に、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２の冷媒通路の出口には、分岐部２３ａの流入口側が接続されている。分岐部２３ａは、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２から流出した冷媒の流れを分岐する。分岐部２３ａは、互いに連通する３つの流入出口が有する三方継手構造を持つ。分岐部２３ａは、３つの流入出口のうち１つが冷媒流入口であり、残りの２つが冷媒流出口である。 Next, the outlet side of the branch portion 23 a is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22. The branch portion 23a branches the refrigerant flow that has flowed out of the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22. The branch part 23a has a three-way joint structure with three inflow / outflow ports communicating with each other. In the branch portion 23a, one of the three inlets and outlets is a refrigerant inflow port, and the remaining two are refrigerant outlets.
　なお、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２の冷媒通路の出口には、レシーバが接続されていても良い。レシーバは、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２から流出した高圧冷媒の気液を分離して分離された液相冷媒を下流側へ流出させると共に、サイクルの余剰冷媒を液相冷媒として貯える気液分離部である。レシーバは、有底筒状の容器である。レシーバは、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２等と一体的に形成されていても良い。 A receiver may be connected to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22. The receiver separates the gas-liquid of the high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the high-temperature water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and causes the separated liquid-phase refrigerant to flow downstream, and stores the excess refrigerant in the cycle as the liquid-phase refrigerant. It is a separation part. The receiver is a bottomed cylindrical container. The receiver may be formed integrally with the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 or the like.
　分岐部２３ａの一方の流出口には、冷房用膨張弁２４ａの入口側が接続されている。分岐部２３ａの他方の流出口には、吸熱用膨張弁２４ｂの入口側が接続されている。 The inlet side of the cooling expansion valve 24a is connected to one outlet of the branch portion 23a. An inlet side of the endothermic expansion valve 24b is connected to the other outlet of the branch portion 23a.
　冷房用膨張弁２４ａは、少なくとも冷房モード時及び除湿暖房モード時に、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２から流出した冷媒を減圧させる減圧部であると共に、室内蒸発器２５へ流入する冷媒の流量を調整する冷房用流量調整部である。 The cooling expansion valve 24a is a pressure reducing unit that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing out of the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 at least in the cooling mode and the dehumidifying heating mode, and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the indoor evaporator 25. This is a cooling flow rate adjusting unit to be adjusted.
　冷房用膨張弁２４ａは、絞り開度を変更可能に構成された弁体と、弁体の開度を変化させる電動アクチュエータとを有して構成される電気式の可変絞り機構である。電動アクチュエータは、具体的には、ステッピングモータである。冷房用膨張弁２４ａは、制御装置７０から出力される制御信号によって、その作動が制御される。制御信号は、例えば制御パルスである。冷房用膨張弁２４ａは、弁開度を全閉とすることで冷媒通路を閉塞する全閉機能を有する。 The cooling expansion valve 24a is an electric variable throttle mechanism that includes a valve body that can change the throttle opening degree and an electric actuator that changes the opening degree of the valve body. Specifically, the electric actuator is a stepping motor. The operation of the cooling expansion valve 24 a is controlled by a control signal output from the control device 70. The control signal is, for example, a control pulse. The cooling expansion valve 24a has a fully closed function of closing the refrigerant passage by closing the valve opening degree.
　冷房用膨張弁２４ａの出口には、室内蒸発器２５の冷媒入口側が接続されている。室内蒸発器２５は、空調ケーシング内に配置されている。より詳細には、室内蒸発器２５は、高温側ヒータコア３５よりも送風空気流れ上流側に配置されている。 The refrigerant inlet side of the indoor evaporator 25 is connected to the outlet of the cooling expansion valve 24a. The indoor evaporator 25 is disposed in the air conditioning casing. More specifically, the indoor evaporator 25 is disposed on the upstream side of the blowing air flow with respect to the high temperature side heater core 35.
　室内蒸発器２５は、少なくとも冷房モード時及び除湿暖房モード時に、冷房用膨張弁２４ａにて減圧された低圧冷媒と送風空気とを熱交換させて低圧冷媒を蒸発させ、送風空気を冷却する冷却用蒸発部である。 The indoor evaporator 25 is a cooling unit that heat-exchanges the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the cooling expansion valve 24a and the blown air to evaporate the low-pressure refrigerant and cool the blown air at least in the cooling mode and the dehumidifying heating mode. It is an evaporation part.
　室内蒸発器２５の冷媒出口には、蒸発圧力調整弁２６の入口側が接続されている。蒸発圧力調整弁２６は、室内蒸発器２５における冷媒蒸発圧力を予め定めた基準圧力以上に維持する蒸発圧力調整部である。蒸発圧力調整弁２６は、室内蒸発器２５の出口側の冷媒圧力の上昇に伴って、弁開度を増加させる機械式の可変絞り機構で構成されている。 The inlet side of the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the indoor evaporator 25. The evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 is an evaporation pressure adjusting unit that maintains the refrigerant evaporation pressure in the indoor evaporator 25 at or above a predetermined reference pressure. The evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 is configured by a mechanical variable throttle mechanism that increases the valve opening as the refrigerant pressure on the outlet side of the indoor evaporator 25 increases.
　本実施形態では、蒸発圧力調整弁２６として、室内蒸発器２５における冷媒蒸発温度を、室内蒸発器２５の着霜を抑制可能な基準温度以上に維持するものを採用する。基準温度は、例えば１℃である。 In the present embodiment, an evaporating pressure adjusting valve 26 that maintains the refrigerant evaporating temperature in the indoor evaporator 25 at or above a reference temperature capable of suppressing frost formation in the indoor evaporator 25 is employed. The reference temperature is 1 ° C., for example.
　蒸発圧力調整弁２６の出口には、合流部２３ｂの一方の流入口側が接続されている。合流部２３ｂは、蒸発圧力調整弁２６から流出した冷媒の流れとチラー２７から流出した冷媒の流れとを合流させる。合流部２３ｂの基本的構成は、分岐部２３ａと同様である。すなわち、合流部は、三方継手構造を持つ。合流部は、３つの流入出口のうち２つが冷媒流入口であり、残りの１つが冷媒流出口である。 The outlet of the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 is connected to one inlet side of the merging portion 23b. The junction 23 b joins the refrigerant flow that has flowed out of the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 26 and the refrigerant flow that has flowed out of the chiller 27. The basic configuration of the merging portion 23b is the same as that of the branching portion 23a. That is, the merge part has a three-way joint structure. Two of the three inlets and outlets are refrigerant inlets, and the remaining one is a refrigerant outlet.
　吸熱用膨張弁２４ｂは、少なくとも暖房モード時に、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２から流出した冷媒を減圧させる減圧部であると共に、チラー２７へ流入する冷媒の流量を調整する吸熱用流量調整部である。吸熱用膨張弁２４ｂの基本的構成は、冷房用膨張弁２４ａと同様である。 The endothermic expansion valve 24b is a pressure reducing unit that depressurizes the refrigerant that has flowed out of the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 at least in the heating mode, and also adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant that flows into the chiller 27. It is. The basic configuration of the endothermic expansion valve 24b is the same as that of the cooling expansion valve 24a.
　吸熱用膨張弁２４ｂの出口には、チラー２７の冷媒通路の入口側が接続されている。チラー２７は、少なくとも暖房モード時に、吸熱用膨張弁２４ｂにて減圧された低圧冷媒と低温冷却水回路４０を循環する低温側熱媒体とを熱交換させ、低圧冷媒を蒸発させて冷媒に吸熱作用を発揮させる吸熱用蒸発部である。低温側熱媒体としては、エチレングリコールを含む溶液、不凍液等を採用することができる。 The inlet side of the refrigerant passage of the chiller 27 is connected to the outlet of the endothermic expansion valve 24b. The chiller 27 exchanges heat between the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the endothermic expansion valve 24b and the low-temperature side heat medium circulating in the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 at least in the heating mode, evaporates the low-pressure refrigerant, and absorbs heat to the refrigerant. Is an endothermic evaporation section that exhibits As the low-temperature heat medium, a solution containing ethylene glycol, an antifreeze solution, or the like can be used.
　すなわち、冷凍サイクル装置２０が構成する冷媒回路は、冷媒が循環することによって低温側である低温冷却水回路４０から高温側である冷媒回路に熱をくみ上げるヒートポンプ回路２８である。つまり、低温冷却水回路４０を循環する冷却水の熱は、ヒートポンプ回路２８を循環する冷媒に受け渡される。チラー２７は、冷却水から冷媒に吸熱させる。このように、冷却水の熱は、チラー２７を介して低温冷却水回路４０からヒートポンプ回路２８に受け渡される。 That is, the refrigerant circuit formed by the refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 is a heat pump circuit 28 that draws heat from the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 on the low temperature side to the refrigerant circuit on the high temperature side by circulating the refrigerant. That is, the heat of the cooling water circulating through the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 is transferred to the refrigerant circulating through the heat pump circuit 28. The chiller 27 absorbs heat from the cooling water to the refrigerant. Thus, the heat of the cooling water is transferred from the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 to the heat pump circuit 28 via the chiller 27.
　チラー２７の冷媒通路の出口には、合流部２３ｂの他方の流入口側が接続されている。合流部２３ｂの流出口には、圧縮機２１の吸入口側が接続されている。 The other inlet side of the merging portion 23b is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the chiller 27. The suction port side of the compressor 21 is connected to the outlet of the junction 23b.
　ここで、低温冷却水回路４０は、低温側熱媒体を循環させる低温側の水回路である。低温冷却水回路４０は、低温側循環流路４１及び電池流路４２を有する。低温側循環流路４１は、低温側熱媒体として低温側冷却水が循環する流路である。低温側循環流路４１には、低温側ポンプ４３、チラー２７、低温側電気ヒータ４４、インバータ４５、モータジェネレータ４６、及び低温側ラジエータ４７が配置されている。 Here, the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 is a low-temperature side water circuit for circulating the low-temperature side heat medium. The low temperature cooling water circuit 40 includes a low temperature side circulation channel 41 and a battery channel 42. The low temperature side circulation channel 41 is a channel through which low temperature side cooling water circulates as a low temperature side heat medium. In the low temperature side circulation passage 41, a low temperature side pump 43, a chiller 27, a low temperature side electric heater 44, an inverter 45, a motor generator 46, and a low temperature side radiator 47 are arranged.
　低温側ポンプ４３は、低温冷却水回路４０において、低温側熱媒体をチラー２７の水通路の入口側へ圧送する低温側水ポンプである。低温側ポンプ４３の基本的構成は、高温側ポンプ３３と同様である。 The low temperature side pump 43 is a low temperature side water pump that pumps the low temperature side heat medium to the inlet side of the water passage of the chiller 27 in the low temperature cooling water circuit 40. The basic configuration of the low temperature side pump 43 is the same as that of the high temperature side pump 33.
　低温側電気ヒータ４４は、電力が供給されることによって発熱し、低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水を加熱する補助加熱器である。 The low temperature side electric heater 44 is an auxiliary heater that generates heat when electric power is supplied and heats the cooling water of the low temperature cooling water circuit 40.
　インバータ４５は、２次電池１０から供給された直流電力を交流電力に変換してモータジェネレータ４６に出力する電力変換装置である。モータジェネレータ４６は、インバータ４５から出力された電力を利用して走行用駆動力を発生すると共に、減速中や降坂中に回生電力を発生させる。インバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６は、低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水によって、十分な性能を発揮できる適正な温度帯の範囲内に調整される。 The inverter 45 is a power conversion device that converts DC power supplied from the secondary battery 10 into AC power and outputs the AC power to the motor generator 46. The motor generator 46 uses the electric power output from the inverter 45 to generate a driving force for traveling and also generates regenerative electric power during deceleration or downhill. The inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 are adjusted by the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 within an appropriate temperature range in which sufficient performance can be exhibited.
　図２に示されるように、モータジェネレータ４６は、例えば、Ｕ相、Ｖ相、Ｗ相の３つのコイルが中性点で連結された３相回転機である。モータジェネレータ４６のうち中性点側ではない各端子は、インバータ４５を介して２次電池１０に接続されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the motor generator 46 is a three-phase rotating machine in which, for example, three coils of a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase are connected at a neutral point. Terminals that are not on the neutral point side of the motor generator 46 are connected to the secondary battery 10 via the inverter 45.
　インバータ４５は、Ｕ相、Ｖ相、Ｗ相の３相の交流の電圧及び電流を発生させて高電圧のモータジェネレータ４６を駆動する。このため、インバータ４５は、Ｕ相アーム４８、Ｖ相アーム４９、Ｗ相アーム５０を有する。これら各アーム４８～５０は、正極側配線５１と負極側配線５２との間に並列に接続されている。 The inverter 45 generates a three-phase AC voltage and current of U phase, V phase, and W phase to drive the high voltage motor generator 46. Therefore, inverter 45 has U-phase arm 48, V-phase arm 49, and W-phase arm 50. These arms 48 to 50 are connected in parallel between the positive electrode side wiring 51 and the negative electrode side wiring 52.
　各アーム４８～５０は、直列に接続された２つのスイッチング素子５３、５４を有する。第１スイッチング素子５３は、正極側配線５１に接続されている。第２スイッチング素子５４は、第１スイッチング素子５３と負極側配線５２との間に接続されている。 Each arm 48 to 50 has two switching elements 53 and 54 connected in series. The first switching element 53 is connected to the positive electrode side wiring 51. The second switching element 54 is connected between the first switching element 53 and the negative electrode side wiring 52.
　各スイッチング素子５３、５４のコレクタ－エミッタ間には、エミッタ側からコレクタ側へ電流を流すダイオード５５がそれぞれ接続されている。また、各スイッチング素子５３、５４の接続点は、モータジェネレータ４６の各端子に接続されている。各スイッチング素子５３、５４は例えばＩＧＢＴ（Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor）である。各ダイオード５５はＦＷＤ（Free Wheeling Diode）である。 A diode 55 is connected between the collector and emitter of each of the switching elements 53 and 54 to allow current to flow from the emitter side to the collector side. The connection points of the switching elements 53 and 54 are connected to the terminals of the motor generator 46. Each of the switching elements 53 and 54 is, for example, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Gate Bipolar Transistor). Each diode 55 is an FWD (Free Wheeling Diode).
　インバータ４５の正極側配線５１には、リレー５６を介して２次電池１０の正極が接続されている。また、インバータ４５の正極側配線５１と負極側配線５２との間には平滑コンデンサ５７が接続されている。 The positive electrode of the secondary battery 10 is connected to the positive electrode side wiring 51 of the inverter 45 through the relay 56. Further, a smoothing capacitor 57 is connected between the positive electrode side wiring 51 and the negative electrode side wiring 52 of the inverter 45.
　２次電池１０の正極は、リレー５８を介してＵ相に対応した各スイッチング素子５３、５４の接続点に接続されている。リレー５６、５８として、例えば可動接点形の電磁形リレーが用いられる。各スイッチング素子５３、５４及び各リレー５６、５８は後述する制御装置７０からの操作信号によって電子操作される。 The positive electrode of the secondary battery 10 is connected via a relay 58 to a connection point of the switching elements 53 and 54 corresponding to the U phase. As the relays 56 and 58, for example, movable contact type electromagnetic relays are used. The switching elements 53 and 54 and the relays 56 and 58 are electronically operated by an operation signal from a control device 70 described later.
　低温側ラジエータ４７は、チラー２７等と一体的に形成されて、車両ボンネット内の前方側に配置されている。低温側ラジエータ４７は、チラー２７にて冷却された低温側熱媒体と外気ファンから送風された外気とを熱交換させて、低温側熱媒体に外気から吸熱させる熱交換器である。 The low temperature side radiator 47 is formed integrally with the chiller 27 and the like, and is disposed on the front side in the vehicle bonnet. The low temperature side radiator 47 is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the low temperature side heat medium cooled by the chiller 27 and the outside air blown from the outside air fan, and causes the low temperature side heat medium to absorb heat from the outside air.
　なお、低温冷却水回路４０は、低温側ラジエータ４７に並列に接続された経路を有する。低温側ラジエータ４７に並列に接続された経路は、低温側ラジエータ４７を迂回する迂回経路である。迂回経路と低温側ラジエータ４７の経路との分岐点には図示しないサーモスタット弁が設けられている。これにより、低温冷却水回路４０の低温側熱媒体の温度に応じて、低温側熱媒体が低温側ラジエータ４７の経路または迂回経路に流れる。 Note that the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 has a path connected in parallel to the low-temperature side radiator 47. The path connected in parallel to the low temperature side radiator 47 is a detour path that bypasses the low temperature side radiator 47. A thermostat valve (not shown) is provided at a branch point between the bypass path and the path of the low-temperature side radiator 47. Accordingly, the low temperature side heat medium flows through the path of the low temperature side radiator 47 or the detour path according to the temperature of the low temperature side heat medium of the low temperature cooling water circuit 40.
　低温側循環流路４１と電池流路４２との接続部には、第１三方弁５９及び第２三方弁６０が配置されている。第１三方弁５９は、低温側循環流路４１の冷却水が電池流路４２に流入する状態と流入しない状態とを切り替える電磁弁である。第２三方弁６０は、電池流路４２の冷却水が低温側循環流路４１へ流出する状態と流出しない状態とを切り替える電磁弁である。よって、低温冷却水回路４０は、２次電池１０の熱を熱媒体である冷却水で受け取る熱媒体回路であると言える。同様に、冷凍サイクル装置２０が構成する冷媒回路は、チラー２７を介して冷却水の熱を熱媒体である冷媒で受け取る熱媒体回路であると言える。 A first three-way valve 59 and a second three-way valve 60 are arranged at a connection portion between the low temperature side circulation channel 41 and the battery channel 42. The first three-way valve 59 is an electromagnetic valve that switches between a state in which the cooling water of the low-temperature side circulation passage 41 flows into the battery passage 42 and a state in which the cooling water does not flow into the battery passage 42. The second three-way valve 60 is an electromagnetic valve that switches between a state in which the cooling water in the battery passage 42 flows out to the low temperature side circulation passage 41 and a state in which it does not flow out. Therefore, it can be said that the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 is a heat medium circuit that receives the heat of the secondary battery 10 with the cooling water that is the heat medium. Similarly, the refrigerant circuit formed by the refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 can be said to be a heat medium circuit that receives the heat of the cooling water with the refrigerant that is the heat medium via the chiller 27.
　上記の構成において、室内蒸発器２５及び高温側ヒータコア３５は、図示しない空調ケーシングに収容される。高温側ヒータコア３５は、空調ケーシング内の空気通路において、室内蒸発器２５の空気流れ下流側に配置される。空調ケーシングには内気及び外気が切り替え導入される。空調ケーシングに導入された内気及び外気は、図示しない送風機によって室内蒸発器２５及び高温側ヒータコア３５に送風される。 In the above configuration, the indoor evaporator 25 and the high temperature side heater core 35 are accommodated in an air conditioning casing (not shown). The high temperature side heater core 35 is disposed on the downstream side of the air flow of the indoor evaporator 25 in the air passage in the air conditioning casing. Inside air and outside air are switched and introduced into the air conditioning casing. The inside air and outside air introduced into the air conditioning casing are blown to the indoor evaporator 25 and the high temperature side heater core 35 by a blower (not shown).
　空調ケーシング内の空気通路において室内蒸発器２５と高温側ヒータコア３５との間には、図示しないエアミックスドアが配置されている。エアミックスドアは、室内蒸発器２５を通過した冷風のうち高温側ヒータコア３５に流入する冷風と、高温側ヒータコア３５をバイパスして流れる冷風との風量割合を調整する。 An air mix door (not shown) is disposed between the indoor evaporator 25 and the high temperature side heater core 35 in the air passage in the air conditioning casing. The air mix door adjusts the air volume ratio between the cool air that has passed through the indoor evaporator 25 and that flows into the high-temperature heater core 35 and the cool air that bypasses the high-temperature heater core 35.
　エアミックスドアによって温度調整された空調風は、空調ケーシングに形成された図示しない吹出口から車室内へ吹き出される。 The conditioned air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air mix door is blown into the passenger compartment from an unillustrated air outlet formed in the air conditioning casing.
　上記の電池温調装置１は図３に示された制御装置７０によって制御される。制御装置７０は、ＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭ等を含む周知のマイクロコンピュータとその周辺回路を有する。制御装置７０は、ＲＯＭに記憶された制御プログラムに従って、空調制御、２次電池１０の温度制御、２次電池１０の昇温制御等を行う。 The battery temperature control device 1 is controlled by the control device 70 shown in FIG. The control device 70 includes a well-known microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like and peripheral circuits thereof. The control device 70 performs air conditioning control, temperature control of the secondary battery 10, temperature increase control of the secondary battery 10, and the like according to a control program stored in the ROM.
　制御装置７０の入力側には、電池温度センサ１３や図示しない各種スイッチが接続されている。電池温度センサ１３は、２次電池１０の温度を検出するセンサである。各種スイッチは、車内空調に関するスイッチである。制御装置７０の出力側には、圧縮機２１、冷房用膨張弁２４ａ、吸熱用膨張弁２４ｂ、高温側ポンプ３３、低温側ポンプ４３、第１三方弁５９、第２三方弁６０等の制御対象機器が接続されている。制御装置７０は、これらの制御対象機器の動作を制御する。 The battery temperature sensor 13 and various switches (not shown) are connected to the input side of the control device 70. The battery temperature sensor 13 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the secondary battery 10. The various switches are switches related to in-vehicle air conditioning. On the output side of the control device 70, the compressor 21, the cooling expansion valve 24 a, the endothermic expansion valve 24 b, the high temperature side pump 33, the low temperature side pump 43, the first three-way valve 59, the second three-way valve 60, etc. The device is connected. The control device 70 controls the operation of these controlled devices.
　次に、電池温調装置１の空調制御について説明する。冷凍サイクル装置２０の低圧側冷媒が室内蒸発器２５を流れるので、車室内へ送風される空気が室内蒸発器２５で冷却される。 Next, air conditioning control of the battery temperature control device 1 will be described. Since the low-pressure side refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 flows through the indoor evaporator 25, the air blown into the vehicle compartment is cooled by the indoor evaporator 25.
　また、冷凍サイクル装置２０の高圧側冷媒が高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２を流れるので、高温冷却水回路３０の冷却水が高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２で加熱される。高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２で加熱された高温冷却水回路３０の冷却水が高温側ヒータコア３５を流れるので、車室内へ送風される空気が高温側ヒータコア３５で加熱される。 Further, since the high-pressure side refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 flows through the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22, the cooling water in the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 is heated by the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22. Since the cooling water of the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 heated by the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 flows through the high-temperature side heater core 35, the air blown into the passenger compartment is heated by the high-temperature side heater core 35.
　室内蒸発器２５を通過した冷風のうち高温側ヒータコア３５に流入する冷風と、高温側ヒータコア３５をバイパスして流れる冷風との風量割合を図示しないエアミックスドアで調整することによって、車室内空間を適切な温度に調整できる。 By adjusting the air volume ratio between the cold air flowing into the high-temperature side heater core 35 and the cold air flowing by bypassing the high-temperature side heater core 35 out of the cold air that has passed through the indoor evaporator 25, the interior space of the vehicle interior is adjusted. It can be adjusted to an appropriate temperature.
　低外気温環境下における車両の始動時等、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２で加熱された高温冷却水回路３０の冷却水の温度が十分に上昇していない場合、高温側電気ヒータ３４によって高温冷却水回路３０の冷却水の温度を上昇させる。 When the temperature of the cooling water in the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 heated by the high-temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 is not sufficiently increased, such as when the vehicle is started in a low outside air temperature environment, the high-temperature side electric heater 34 The temperature of the cooling water in the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30 is increased.
　高温冷却水回路３０の冷却水の熱量に余剰がある場合、高温側ラジエータ３２にて余剰熱を外気に放出する。 When there is surplus in the amount of heat of the cooling water in the high-temperature cooling water circuit 30, the high-temperature side radiator 32 releases excess heat to the outside air.
　低外気温環境下における車両の始動時等、２次電池１０、インバータ４５、及びモータジェネレータ４６を暖機する必要がある場合、低温側電気ヒータ４４によって低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水の温度を上昇させる。 When it is necessary to warm up the secondary battery 10, the inverter 45, and the motor generator 46, such as when starting a vehicle in a low outside air temperature environment, the temperature of the cooling water in the low temperature cooling water circuit 40 is set by the low temperature side electric heater 44. Raise.
　低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水の熱量に余剰がある場合、低温側ラジエータ４７にて余剰熱を外気に放出する。 When there is surplus in the amount of heat of the cooling water in the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40, the low-temperature side radiator 47 releases excess heat to the outside air.
　続いて、２次電池１０の昇温制御について説明する。車両が極低温の環境下に置かれることで２次電池１０が冷えた状態になっていると、車両の始動時に２次電池１０から十分な出力が得られない。そこで、制御装置７０は、インバータ４５を駆動することで２次電池１０の充放電を制御することで２次電池１０に流れるリップル電流によって２次電池１０を自己発熱させるリップル昇温制御を行う。 Subsequently, the temperature rise control of the secondary battery 10 will be described. If the secondary battery 10 is in a cold state because the vehicle is placed in a cryogenic environment, sufficient output cannot be obtained from the secondary battery 10 when the vehicle is started. Therefore, the control device 70 controls the charging / discharging of the secondary battery 10 by driving the inverter 45 to perform the ripple temperature increase control for causing the secondary battery 10 to self-heat by the ripple current flowing through the secondary battery 10.
　リップル昇温制御は、電池温度センサ１３によって検出される２次電池１０の温度や、２次電池１０に含まれる監視装置によって検出される各電池セル１１のセル電圧に基づいて行われる。そして、制御装置７０は、２次電池１０の温度が低いと判定した場合、２次電池１０から平滑コンデンサ５７への電気エネルギの移動処理と、平滑コンデンサ５７から２次電池１０への電気エネルギの移動処理と、を行う。つまり、制御装置７０は、２次電池１０の充放電による内部抵抗での発熱を狙ったリップル昇温制御を行う。 The ripple temperature rise control is performed based on the temperature of the secondary battery 10 detected by the battery temperature sensor 13 and the cell voltage of each battery cell 11 detected by the monitoring device included in the secondary battery 10. When the control device 70 determines that the temperature of the secondary battery 10 is low, the electric energy transfer process from the secondary battery 10 to the smoothing capacitor 57 and the electric energy from the smoothing capacitor 57 to the secondary battery 10 are performed. And move processing. That is, the control device 70 performs ripple temperature increase control aiming at heat generation by the internal resistance due to charging / discharging of the secondary battery 10.
　２次電池１０から平滑コンデンサ５７への電気エネルギの移動処理は、２次電池１０の電圧を昇圧して平滑コンデンサ５７に印加する昇圧処理となる。まず、リレー５６を開状態とし、リレー５８を閉状態とする。そして、制御装置７０は、リレー５８によって２次電池１０に接続されないレッグであるＶ相及びＷ相について、下側アームの第２スイッチング素子５４をオンする。これにより、２次電池１０、リレー５８、モータジェネレータ４６、Ｖ相及びＷ相の第２スイッチング素子５４を備えるループ経路に電流が流れ、モータジェネレータ４６に電気エネルギが蓄えられる。 The electric energy transfer process from the secondary battery 10 to the smoothing capacitor 57 is a boosting process in which the voltage of the secondary battery 10 is boosted and applied to the smoothing capacitor 57. First, the relay 56 is opened and the relay 58 is closed. And the control apparatus 70 turns ON the 2nd switching element 54 of a lower arm about the V phase and W phase which are the legs which are not connected to the secondary battery 10 by the relay 58. FIG. As a result, a current flows through a loop path including the secondary battery 10, the relay 58, the motor generator 46, and the V-phase and W-phase second switching elements 54, and electric energy is stored in the motor generator 46.
　次に、制御装置７０はＶ相及びＷ相の第２スイッチング素子５４をオフすることで、モータジェネレータ４６、Ｖ相及びＷ相の上アームのダイオード５５、平滑コンデンサ５７、２次電池１０、及びリレー５８を備えるループ経路に電流が流れ、平滑コンデンサ５７が充電される。 Next, the control device 70 turns off the V-phase and W-phase second switching elements 54, whereby the motor generator 46, the V-phase and W-phase upper arm diode 55, the smoothing capacitor 57, the secondary battery 10, and A current flows through a loop path including the relay 58, and the smoothing capacitor 57 is charged.
　一方、平滑コンデンサ５７から２次電池１０への電気エネルギの移動処理は、平滑コンデンサ５７の電圧を降圧して２次電池１０に印加する降圧処理となる。まず、制御装置７０は、リレー５８によって２次電池１０に接続されないレッグであるＶ相及びＷ相について、上側アームの第１スイッチング素子５３をオンする。これにより、平滑コンデンサ５７、Ｖ相及びＷ相の第１スイッチング素子５３、モータジェネレータ４６、リレー５８、２次電池１０を備えるループ経路に電流が流れ、モータジェネレータ４６に電気エネルギが蓄えられる。 On the other hand, the process of transferring electrical energy from the smoothing capacitor 57 to the secondary battery 10 is a step-down process in which the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 57 is stepped down and applied to the secondary battery 10. First, the control device 70 turns on the first switching element 53 of the upper arm for the V phase and the W phase, which are legs that are not connected to the secondary battery 10 by the relay 58. As a result, current flows through a loop path including the smoothing capacitor 57, the V-phase and W-phase first switching elements 53, the motor generator 46, the relay 58, and the secondary battery 10, and electric energy is stored in the motor generator 46.
　次に、制御装置７０は、Ｖ相及びＷ相の第１スイッチング素子５３をオフすることで、モータジェネレータ４６、リレー５８、２次電池１０、Ｖ相及びＷ相の下アームのダイオード５５を備えるループ経路に電流が流れる。 Next, the control device 70 includes the motor generator 46, the relay 58, the secondary battery 10, and the diode 55 of the lower arm of the V phase and the W phase by turning off the first switching element 53 of the V phase and the W phase. Current flows in the loop path.
　以上のように、２次電池１０と平滑コンデンサ５７との間で電気エネルギの移動処理を高周波数で行う。これにより、２次電池１０のエネルギ消費を抑制しつつ、２次電池１０を昇温することができる。インバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６は、リップル電流によって２次電池１０を自己発熱させる電流発生装置を構成していると言える。なお、上記のリップル昇温制御は、インバータ４５とモータジェネレータ４６とを組み合わせたモータ＋インバータ方式である。 As described above, electric energy transfer processing is performed at a high frequency between the secondary battery 10 and the smoothing capacitor 57. Thereby, it is possible to raise the temperature of the secondary battery 10 while suppressing the energy consumption of the secondary battery 10. It can be said that the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 constitute a current generator that self-heats the secondary battery 10 by a ripple current. The ripple temperature raising control is a motor + inverter system in which the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 are combined.
　そして、本実施形態では、２次電池１０が断熱部１２で覆われた断熱構造を有する。これにより、図４に示されるように、２次電池１０から外部環境への放熱を抑えることができる。これにより、以下の効果が得られる。 And in this embodiment, the secondary battery 10 has the heat insulation structure covered with the heat insulation part 12. FIG. Thereby, as FIG. 4 shows, the thermal radiation from the secondary battery 10 to external environment can be suppressed. Thereby, the following effects are acquired.
　まず、リップル昇温制御によって昇温された２次電池１０の熱が断熱部１２によって外部環境に逃げにくくなるので、２次電池１０のリップル昇温における放熱ロスを抑制することができる。 First, since the heat of the secondary battery 10 that has been heated by the ripple temperature increase control is less likely to escape to the external environment by the heat insulating portion 12, it is possible to suppress heat dissipation loss due to the ripple temperature increase of the secondary battery 10.
　断熱部１２によって２次電池１０が温まりやすくなるので、２次電池１０の昇温速度を向上させることができる。また、リップル電流を流すための昇温エネルギを低減することができる。このため、２次電池１０の電力を必要以上に消費しないので、車両の航続距離の低下を抑制することができる。 Since the secondary battery 10 is easily warmed by the heat insulating portion 12, the temperature increase rate of the secondary battery 10 can be improved. Moreover, the temperature rising energy for flowing a ripple current can be reduced. For this reason, since the electric power of the secondary battery 10 is not consumed more than necessary, a decrease in the cruising distance of the vehicle can be suppressed.
　２次電池１０の熱が断熱部１２によって外部環境に逃げにくくなるので、２次電池１０の温度低下を抑制することができる。２次電池１０の熱を低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水で回収することで、ヒートポンプ回路２８等で有効利用することができる。 Since the heat of the secondary battery 10 is difficult to escape to the external environment by the heat insulating part 12, the temperature drop of the secondary battery 10 can be suppressed. By recovering the heat of the secondary battery 10 with the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40, the heat can be effectively used in the heat pump circuit 28 and the like.
　変形例として、２次電池１０の外側に配置される断熱部１２は、２次電池１０の外側の一部に配置されていても良い。断熱部１２が２次電池１０の一部を覆う形態であっても、２次電池１０から外気への放熱を抑えることができる。よって、２次電池１０の全体を覆うことができない場合においても断熱部１２は有効である。 As a modified example, the heat insulating portion 12 disposed outside the secondary battery 10 may be disposed at a part of the outside of the secondary battery 10. Even if the heat insulating portion 12 covers the secondary battery 10, heat dissipation from the secondary battery 10 to the outside air can be suppressed. Therefore, the heat insulating portion 12 is effective even when the entire secondary battery 10 cannot be covered.
　なお、本実施形態の低温冷却水回路４０及びヒートポンプ回路２８が熱媒体回路に対応する。低温冷却水回路４０が冷却水回路に対応する。また、インバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６が電流発生装置に対応する。 Note that the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 and the heat pump circuit 28 of the present embodiment correspond to a heat medium circuit. The low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 corresponds to the cooling water circuit. Further, the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 correspond to a current generator.
　さらに、スイッチング素子５３、５４及びダイオード５５が電流切替え手段に対応し、モータジェネレータ４６のコイル及び平滑コンデンサ５７が蓄電手段に対応する。 Furthermore, the switching elements 53 and 54 and the diode 55 correspond to current switching means, and the coil of the motor generator 46 and the smoothing capacitor 57 correspond to power storage means.
　（第２実施形態）
　本実施形態では、主に第１実施形態と異なる部分について説明する。図５に示されるように、電池温調装置１は、２次電池１０から放出される熱を蓄熱するための蓄熱部１４を有する。蓄熱部１４は、蓄熱材料の相転移を利用して熱を蓄熱する。 (Second Embodiment)
In the present embodiment, parts different from the first embodiment will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 5, the battery temperature adjustment device 1 has a heat storage unit 14 for storing heat released from the secondary battery 10. The heat storage unit 14 stores heat using the phase transition of the heat storage material.
　蓄熱部１４は、例えば、２次電池１０の全体を覆っている。断熱部１２は蓄熱部１４の外側に配置されている。断熱部１２は、２次電池１０及び蓄熱部１４を密閉している。蓄熱部１４と断熱部１２との間には、断熱の効果を高めるための隙間があることが望ましい。なお、２次電池１０の配線は断熱部１２及び蓄熱部１４を貫通している。 The heat storage unit 14 covers, for example, the entire secondary battery 10. The heat insulating part 12 is disposed outside the heat storage part 14. The heat insulation part 12 seals the secondary battery 10 and the heat storage part 14. It is desirable that there is a gap between the heat storage unit 14 and the heat insulating unit 12 for enhancing the heat insulating effect. Note that the wiring of the secondary battery 10 passes through the heat insulating portion 12 and the heat storage portion 14.
　蓄熱部１４によって２次電池１０の蓄熱量が増加するので、２次電池１０の温度低下の抑制効果が高くなる。また、第１実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。 Since the heat storage amount of the secondary battery 10 is increased by the heat storage unit 14, the effect of suppressing the temperature drop of the secondary battery 10 is increased. Further, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
　変形例として、蓄熱部１４は２次電池１０の外側ではなく、電池セル１１間に配置されていても良い。つまり、電池セル１１と蓄熱部１４とが交互に積層される。また、蓄熱部１４は２次電池１０の全体ではなく一部に配置されていても良い。例えば、２次電池１０の一面に断熱部１２が配置され、他の一面に蓄熱部１４が配置されていても良い。 As a modification, the heat storage unit 14 may be disposed between the battery cells 11 instead of the outside of the secondary battery 10. That is, the battery cell 11 and the heat storage unit 14 are alternately stacked. Further, the heat storage unit 14 may be arranged in a part of the secondary battery 10 instead of the whole. For example, the heat insulation part 12 may be arrange | positioned at one surface of the secondary battery 10, and the heat storage part 14 may be arrange | positioned at the other surface.
　（第３実施形態）
　本実施形態では、主に第１、第２実施形態と異なる部分について説明する。図６に示されるように、電池温調装置１は、断熱部１２を有さず、蓄熱部１４を有する。このように、蓄熱部１４のみによって２次電池１０の放熱ロスを抑制しても良い。蓄熱部１４の効果及び変形例は第２実施形態と同じである。 (Third embodiment)
In the present embodiment, parts different from the first and second embodiments will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 6, the battery temperature adjustment device 1 does not have the heat insulation part 12 but has the heat storage part 14. Thus, the heat dissipation loss of the secondary battery 10 may be suppressed only by the heat storage unit 14. The effects and modifications of the heat storage unit 14 are the same as those in the second embodiment.
　（第４実施形態）
　本実施形態では、主に第１～第３実施形態と異なる部分について説明する。図７に示されるように、リップル昇温制御時にインバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６から廃熱が発生する。低温冷却水回路４０及びヒートポンプ回路２８は、インバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６で発生する廃熱を熱媒体である冷却水や冷媒で受け取る。 (Fourth embodiment)
In the present embodiment, parts different from the first to third embodiments will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 7, waste heat is generated from the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 during the ripple temperature increase control. The low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 and the heat pump circuit 28 receive waste heat generated by the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 with cooling water or refrigerant as a heat medium.
　このように、インバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６の廃熱を低温冷却水回路４０及びヒートポンプ回路２８で回収することができる。また、インバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６の廃熱を高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２における空気の加熱に利用することができる。このように、リップル電流を発生させるために生じる熱を低温冷却水回路４０及びヒートポンプ回路２８において利用することができる。これにより、ヒートポンプ回路２８のサイクル効果を向上させることができる。 Thus, the waste heat of the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 can be recovered by the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 and the heat pump circuit 28. Further, the waste heat of the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 can be used for heating the air in the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22. Thus, the heat generated to generate the ripple current can be used in the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 and the heat pump circuit 28. Thereby, the cycle effect of the heat pump circuit 28 can be improved.
　さらに、チラー２７で冷却された低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水がインバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６を流れるので、インバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６を冷却することができる。したがって、第１実施形態と同様に、リップル昇温における放熱ロスを抑制することができる。以上のように、２次電池１０の昇温に寄与しない一定割合の廃熱を有効利用することができる。 Furthermore, since the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 cooled by the chiller 27 flows through the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46, the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 can be cooled. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress heat dissipation loss due to ripple temperature rise. As described above, a certain proportion of waste heat that does not contribute to the temperature rise of the secondary battery 10 can be effectively used.
　（第５実施形態）
　本実施形態では、主に第１～第４実施形態と異なる部分について説明する。図８に示されるように、リップル電流を発生させるための方式は、上記の「モータ＋インバータ方式」の他に、「昇圧回路方式」や「マトリクスコンバータ方式」がある。 (Fifth embodiment)
In the present embodiment, parts different from the first to fourth embodiments will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 8, methods for generating ripple current include “boost circuit method” and “matrix converter method” in addition to the above “motor + inverter method”.
　電流発生装置がモータ＋インバータ方式でリップル電流を発生させる場合、電流発生装置は発熱部位としてＩＧＢＴ、ダイオード、モータコイル、及びコンデンサを含んだ回路を構成する。モータ＋インバータ方式の作動は第１実施形態と同じである。 When the current generator generates a ripple current by the motor + inverter system, the current generator configures a circuit including an IGBT, a diode, a motor coil, and a capacitor as a heat generating part. The operation of the motor + inverter system is the same as in the first embodiment.
　電流発生装置が昇圧回路方式でリップル電流を発生させる場合、電流発生装置は発熱部位としてＩＧＢＴ、ダイオード、リアクトル、及びコンデンサを含んだ回路を構成する方式では、高圧側ＩＧＢＴと低圧側ＩＧＢＴとが直列接続される。また、高圧側ＩＧＢＴと低圧側ＩＧＢＴとの直列接続にコンデンサが並列接続される。各ＩＧＢＴの接続点にリアクトルが接続される。各ＩＧＢＴにはダイオードが含まれている。２次電池１０はリアクトルと低圧側ＩＧＢＴとの間に接続される。 When the current generator generates a ripple current by a booster circuit system, the current generator is a system in which a circuit including an IGBT, a diode, a reactor, and a capacitor is formed as a heat generating part, and the high voltage side IGBT and the low voltage side IGBT are in series. Connected. A capacitor is connected in parallel to the series connection of the high voltage side IGBT and the low voltage side IGBT. A reactor is connected to the connection point of each IGBT. Each IGBT includes a diode. Secondary battery 10 is connected between the reactor and the low-voltage IGBT.
　昇圧時には低圧側ＩＧＢＴをオンし、２次電池１０→リアクトル→低圧側ＩＧＢＴに電流を流し、リアクトルにエネルギを蓄える。その後、低圧側ＩＧＢＴをオフし、バッテリ→リアクトル→高圧側ＩＧＢＴのダイオード→コンデンサに電流を流す。リアクトルの２次電池１０側の電圧は２次電池１０の電圧になるので、コンデンサに昇圧された電圧が蓄電される。 When boosting, the low-voltage side IGBT is turned on, a current is passed through the secondary battery 10 → reactor → low-voltage side IGBT, and energy is stored in the reactor. Thereafter, the low voltage side IGBT is turned off, and a current is passed through the battery, the reactor, the diode of the high voltage side IGBT, and the capacitor. Since the voltage on the secondary battery 10 side of the reactor is the voltage of the secondary battery 10, the boosted voltage is stored in the capacitor.
　降圧時には高圧側ＩＧＢＴをオンし、コンデンサ→高圧側ＩＧＢＴ→リアクトル→２次電池１０に電流を流し、リアクトルにエネルギを蓄える。その後、高圧側ＩＧＢＴをオフし、リアクトル→２次電池１０→低圧側ＩＧＢＴのダイオードに電流を流す。リアクトルの低圧側ＩＧＢＴのダイオード側の電圧は０Ｖになるので、２次電池１０に降圧された電圧が蓄電される。 At the time of step-down, the high-voltage side IGBT is turned on, and a current is passed through the capacitor → high-voltage side IGBT → reactor → secondary battery 10 to store energy in the reactor. Thereafter, the high voltage side IGBT is turned off, and a current is passed through the diode of the reactor → the secondary battery 10 → the low voltage side IGBT. Since the voltage on the diode side of the low voltage side IGBT of the reactor becomes 0V, the stepped down voltage is stored in the secondary battery 10.
　よって、上記の昇圧と降圧とを繰り返して２次電池１０にリップル電流を流す。これにより、２次電池１０の内部発熱により２次電池１０が昇温する。電流は２次電池１０→リアクトルの方向を正とすると、昇圧時には正の方向に電流が流れ、降圧時には逆方向に電流が流れる。 Therefore, a ripple current is passed through the secondary battery 10 by repeating the above step-up and step-down. As a result, the temperature of the secondary battery 10 rises due to internal heat generation of the secondary battery 10. Assuming that the direction of the secondary battery 10 → reactor is positive, the current flows in the positive direction when boosting, and the current flows in the reverse direction when decreasing.
　また、電流発生装置がマトリクスコンバータ方式でリップル電流を発生させる場合、電流発生装置は発熱部位としてＭＯＳＦＥＴスイッチ及びコンデンサを含んだ回路を構成する。マトリクスコンバータ方式では、２次電池１０は、ＭＯＳＦＥＴスイッチ及びコンデンサを含んだモジュールを構成する。ＭＯＳＦＥＴスイッチは、電池セル１１の正極とモジュール内コンデンサの一方の端子との間を開閉する。また、ＭＯＳＦＥＴスイッチは、電池セル１１の負極とモジュール内コンデンサの他方の端子との間を開閉する。 Also, when the current generator generates a ripple current by the matrix converter method, the current generator constitutes a circuit including a MOSFET switch and a capacitor as a heat generating part. In the matrix converter system, the secondary battery 10 constitutes a module including a MOSFET switch and a capacitor. The MOSFET switch opens and closes between the positive electrode of the battery cell 11 and one terminal of the in-module capacitor. The MOSFET switch opens and closes between the negative electrode of the battery cell 11 and the other terminal of the in-module capacitor.
　そして、２次電池１０の温度が低い場合、ＭＯＳＦＥＴスイッチの開閉動作に従って、電池セル１１のいくつかの電気エネルギを２次電池１０内のコンデンサに放電させ、２次電池１０内のコンデンサの蓄電エネルギを電池セル１１のいくつかに充電する処理を行う。すなわち、電池セル１１が充放電を繰り返すことで、その内部抵抗による発熱によって２次電池１０の温度を上昇させることができる。 When the temperature of the secondary battery 10 is low, according to the switching operation of the MOSFET switch, some electric energy of the battery cell 11 is discharged to the capacitor in the secondary battery 10 to store the energy stored in the capacitor in the secondary battery 10. To charge some of the battery cells 11. That is, when the battery cell 11 is repeatedly charged and discharged, the temperature of the secondary battery 10 can be increased by heat generated by the internal resistance.
　以上のように、２次電池１０をリップル昇温制御する方式は様々あり、上記の各方式あるいは他の方式を用いて２次電池１０の温度を上昇させることができる。 As described above, there are various methods for controlling the temperature rise of the secondary battery 10 and the temperature of the secondary battery 10 can be increased using the above-described methods or other methods.
　なお、本実施形態の昇圧回路方式のＩＧＢＴ及びダイオード、マトリクスコンバータ方式のＭＯＳＦＥＴスイッチが電流切替え手段に対応する。また、昇圧回路方式のリアクトル及びコンデンサ、マトリクスコンバータ方式のコンデンサが蓄電手段に対応する。 It should be noted that the boost circuit type IGBT and diode, and the matrix converter type MOSFET switch of the present embodiment correspond to the current switching means. Further, a booster circuit type reactor and capacitor, and a matrix converter type capacitor correspond to the power storage means.
　（第６実施形態）
　本実施形態では、主に第１～第５実施形態と異なる部分について説明する。図９に示されるように、チラー２７で冷却された低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水は電池流路４２を流れる。これに伴い、２次電池１０の熱が低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水に吸熱される。すなわち、リップル昇温制御後の２次電池１０の熱を低温冷却水回路４０で回収する。 (Sixth embodiment)
In the present embodiment, parts different from the first to fifth embodiments will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 9, the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 cooled by the chiller 27 flows through the battery channel 42. Accordingly, the heat of the secondary battery 10 is absorbed by the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40. That is, the heat of the secondary battery 10 after the ripple temperature increase control is recovered by the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40.
　また、チラー２７を介して冷却水の熱を、ヒートポンプ回路２８を循環する冷媒に受け渡す。これにより、リップル昇温制御後の２次電池１０の熱を空調制御に利用することができる。 Further, the heat of the cooling water is transferred to the refrigerant circulating through the heat pump circuit 28 through the chiller 27. Thereby, the heat of the secondary battery 10 after the ripple temperature rise control can be used for air conditioning control.
　変形例として、図１０に示されるように、電池温調装置１は、ヒートポンプ回路２８の冷媒が２次電池１０を通過するように構成されていても良い。これにより、２次電池１０の熱をヒートポンプ回路２８に直接受け渡すことができる。 As a modification, as shown in FIG. 10, the battery temperature adjustment device 1 may be configured such that the refrigerant of the heat pump circuit 28 passes through the secondary battery 10. Thereby, the heat of the secondary battery 10 can be directly transferred to the heat pump circuit 28.
　（第７実施形態）
　本実施形態では、主に第１～第６実施形態と異なる部分について説明する。図１１に示されるように、２次電池１０は、複数の電池セル１１が直列接続された第１組電池１５ａ、第２組電池１５ｂ、及び第３組電池１５ｃが並列に接続されている。各組電池１５ａ～１５ｃにはスイッチ１６ａ～１６ｃが直列接続されている。各スイッチ１６ａ～１６ｃは制御装置７０によって制御される。 (Seventh embodiment)
In the present embodiment, parts different from the first to sixth embodiments will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 11, in the secondary battery 10, a first assembled battery 15a, a second assembled battery 15b, and a third assembled battery 15c, in which a plurality of battery cells 11 are connected in series, are connected in parallel. Switches 16a to 16c are connected in series to the assembled batteries 15a to 15c. The switches 16a to 16c are controlled by the control device 70.
　第１組電池１５ａからインバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６への電力の供給は、第１スイッチ１６ａによって断続される。第２組電池１５ｂからインバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６への電力の供給は、第２スイッチ１６ｂによって断続される。第３組電池１５ｃからインバータ４５及びモータジェネレータ４６への電力の供給は、第３スイッチ１６ｃによって断続される。各スイッチ１６ａ～１６ｃの切り替えにより、各組電池１５ａ～１５ｃを任意に放電させることができる。 The supply of power from the first assembled battery 15a to the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 is interrupted by the first switch 16a. The power supply from the second assembled battery 15b to the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 is interrupted by the second switch 16b. The power supply from the third assembled battery 15c to the inverter 45 and the motor generator 46 is interrupted by the third switch 16c. By switching the switches 16a to 16c, the assembled batteries 15a to 15c can be arbitrarily discharged.
　また、低温冷却水回路４０の電池流路４２は、各組電池１５ａ～１５ｃに対応した第１電池流路４２ａ、第２電池流路４２ｂ、及び第３電池流路４２ｃが並列に設けられている。各電池流路４２ａ～４２ｃは、低温冷却水回路４０の冷却水が流れる冷却水流路である。 The battery flow path 42 of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 includes a first battery flow path 42a, a second battery flow path 42b, and a third battery flow path 42c corresponding to each of the assembled batteries 15a to 15c. Yes. Each of the battery channels 42a to 42c is a cooling water channel through which the cooling water of the low-temperature cooling water circuit 40 flows.
　第１電池流路４２ａには、第１組電池１５ａが配置される。第１電池流路４２ａを流れる冷却水によって第１組電池１５ａの温度が調整される。第１電池流路４２ａには第１開閉弁６１ａが配置される。第１開閉弁６１ａは、第１電池流路４２ａを開閉する電磁弁である。 The first battery pack 15a is disposed in the first battery channel 42a. The temperature of the first assembled battery 15a is adjusted by the cooling water flowing through the first battery channel 42a. A first on-off valve 61a is disposed in the first battery channel 42a. The first on-off valve 61a is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the first battery channel 42a.
　第２電池流路４２ｂには、第２組電池１５ｂが配置される。第２電池流路４２ｂを流れる冷却水によって第２組電池１５ｂの温度が調整される。第２電池流路４２ｂには第２開閉弁６１ｂが配置される。第２開閉弁６１ｂは、第２電池流路４２ｂを開閉する電磁弁である。 The second battery pack 15b is disposed in the second battery channel 42b. The temperature of the second assembled battery 15b is adjusted by the cooling water flowing through the second battery channel 42b. A second on-off valve 61b is disposed in the second battery channel 42b. The second on-off valve 61b is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the second battery channel 42b.
　第３電池流路４２ｃには、第３組電池１５ｃが配置される。第３電池流路４２ｃを流れる冷却水によって第３組電池１５ｃの温度が調整される。第３電池流路４２ｃには第３開閉弁６１ｃが配置される。第３開閉弁６１ｃは、第３電池流路４２ｃを開閉する電磁弁である。 The third battery pack 15c is disposed in the third battery flow path 42c. The temperature of the third assembled battery 15c is adjusted by the cooling water flowing through the third battery channel 42c. A third on-off valve 61c is disposed in the third battery channel 42c. The third on-off valve 61c is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the third battery channel 42c.
　各開閉弁６１ａ～６１ｃが開いている状態で、低温側循環流路４１の冷却水が各電池流路４２ａ～４２ｃに流入する状態、及び、各電池流路４２ａ～４２ｃの冷却水が低温側循環流路４１へ流出する状態では、冷却水が各電池流路４２ａ～４２ｃを循環する。各開閉弁６１ａ～６１ｃの開閉制御によって、各電池流路４２ａ～４２ｃに対する冷却水の循環を任意に断続することができる。 In a state where the on-off valves 61a to 61c are open, the cooling water in the low temperature side circulation channel 41 flows into the battery channels 42a to 42c, and the cooling water in the battery channels 42a to 42c is on the low temperature side. In the state of flowing out to the circulation channel 41, the cooling water circulates through the battery channels 42a to 42c. The circulation of the cooling water with respect to each of the battery flow paths 42a to 42c can be arbitrarily interrupted by the open / close control of each of the on / off valves 61a to 61c.
　上記の構成において、第１組電池１５ａは断熱部１２に覆われている。これにより、２次電池１０の一部をリップル昇温制御することができる。もちろん、第１組電池１５ａに蓄熱部１４を設けても良い。また、第１組電池１５ａに断熱部１２ではなく蓄熱部１４のみを設けても良い。 In the above configuration, the first assembled battery 15a is covered with the heat insulating portion 12. Thereby, a part of the secondary battery 10 can be subjected to ripple temperature rise control. Of course, you may provide the thermal storage part 14 in the 1st assembled battery 15a. Moreover, you may provide only the thermal storage part 14 instead of the heat insulation part 12 in the 1st assembled battery 15a.
　本開示は上述の実施形態に限定されることなく、本開示の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、以下のように種々変形可能である。 The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made as follows without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.
　例えば、上記実施形態では、熱媒体として冷却水や冷媒を用いているが、油等の各種媒体を熱媒体として用いても良い。 For example, in the above embodiment, cooling water or refrigerant is used as the heat medium, but various media such as oil may be used as the heat medium.
　上記実施形態の冷凍サイクル装置２０では、冷媒としてフロン系冷媒を用いているが、冷媒の種類はこれに限定されるものではなく、二酸化炭素等の自然冷媒や炭化水素系冷媒等を用いても良い。 In the refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 of the above embodiment, a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant is used as the refrigerant. However, the type of the refrigerant is not limited to this, and a natural refrigerant such as carbon dioxide, a hydrocarbon refrigerant, or the like may be used. good.
　また、上記実施形態の冷凍サイクル装置２０は、高圧側冷媒圧力が冷媒の臨界圧力を超えない亜臨界冷凍サイクルを構成するが、高圧側冷媒圧力が冷媒の臨界圧力を超える超臨界冷凍サイクルを構成していても良い。 The refrigeration cycle apparatus 20 of the above embodiment constitutes a subcritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the critical pressure of the refrigerant, but constitutes a supercritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure exceeds the critical pressure of the refrigerant. You may do it.
　上記実施形態では、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２の冷媒通路の出口には分岐部２３ａの流入口側が接続されているが、高温側水－冷媒熱交換器２２の冷媒通路の出口に膨張弁が接続され、膨張弁には室外機が接続されていても良い。分岐部２３ａの流入口側には室外機が接続される。 In the above embodiment, the inlet side of the branch portion 23 a is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22, but it expands to the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the high temperature side water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22. A valve may be connected, and an outdoor unit may be connected to the expansion valve. An outdoor unit is connected to the inlet side of the branch part 23a.
　上記実施形態では、電池温調装置１は電気自動車に搭載されているが、電池温調装置１は、内燃機関及び走行用電動モータから車両走行用の駆動力を得るハイブリッド自動車に搭載されていても良い。また、電池温調装置１は、車両用に限られず、車両用以外の２次電池１０に適用しても良い。 In the above embodiment, the battery temperature control device 1 is mounted on an electric vehicle. However, the battery temperature control device 1 is mounted on a hybrid vehicle that obtains driving force for vehicle travel from an internal combustion engine and a travel electric motor. Also good. Moreover, the battery temperature control apparatus 1 is not restricted to vehicles, You may apply to the secondary batteries 10 other than vehicles.
　上記実施形態の室内蒸発器２５にエジェクタが内蔵されていても良い。エジェクタは、ノズルから噴射される高速度の噴射流体の吸引作用により流体吸引口から流体を吸引する。エジェクタは、さらに、噴射流体と流体吸引口から吸引された吸引流体との混合流体の速度エネルギを昇圧部にて圧力エネルギに変換することによって、混合流体の圧力を上昇させる。昇圧部はいわゆるディフューザである。 The ejector may be built in the indoor evaporator 25 of the above embodiment. The ejector sucks the fluid from the fluid suction port by the suction action of the high-speed jet fluid ejected from the nozzle. The ejector further increases the pressure of the mixed fluid by converting the velocity energy of the mixed fluid of the ejected fluid and the suction fluid sucked from the fluid suction port into pressure energy at the boosting unit. The booster is a so-called diffuser.
　上記実施形態の圧縮機２１は、ガスインジェクション圧縮機であっても良い。ガスインジェクション圧縮機は、サイクル内で生成された中間圧冷媒を昇圧過程の中間圧冷媒に合流させ、冷媒を多段階に昇圧させることで圧縮効率を向上させる圧縮機である。 The compressor 21 of the above embodiment may be a gas injection compressor. The gas injection compressor is a compressor that improves the compression efficiency by joining the intermediate pressure refrigerant generated in the cycle with the intermediate pressure refrigerant in the pressurization process and increasing the pressure of the refrigerant in multiple stages.
　本開示は、実施例に準拠して記述されたが、本開示は当該実施例や構造に限定されるものではないと理解される。本開示は、様々な変形例や均等範囲内の変形をも包含する。加えて、様々な組み合わせや形態、さらには、それらに一要素のみ、それ以上、あるいはそれ以下、を含む他の組み合わせや形態をも、本開示の範疇や思想範囲に入るものである。 Although the present disclosure has been described based on the embodiments, it is understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments and structures. The present disclosure includes various modifications and modifications within the equivalent range. In addition, various combinations and forms, as well as other combinations and forms including only one element, more or less, are within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (12)

  1. 　充放電可能な２次電池（１０）の充放電を制御することで前記２次電池に流れるリップル電流によって前記２次電池を自己発熱させる電池温調装置であって、
    　前記２次電池の外側に配置され、前記２次電池から放出される熱を断熱する断熱部（１２）を含む電池温調装置。     A battery temperature control device for self-heating the secondary battery by a ripple current flowing in the secondary battery by controlling charge / discharge of the chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery (10),
    A battery temperature control device including a heat insulating part (12) disposed outside the secondary battery and insulating heat released from the secondary battery.
  2. 　前記２次電池から放出される熱を蓄熱する蓄熱部（１４）を含む請求項１に記載の電池温調装置。 The battery temperature control device according to claim 1, further comprising a heat storage unit (14) for storing heat released from the secondary battery.
  3. 　充放電可能な２次電池（１０）の充放電を制御することで前記２次電池に流れるリップル電流によって前記２次電池を自己発熱させる電池温調装置であって、
    　前記２次電池から放出される熱を蓄熱する蓄熱部（１４）を含む電池温調装置。     A battery temperature control device for self-heating the secondary battery by a ripple current flowing in the secondary battery by controlling charge / discharge of the chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery (10),
    A battery temperature control device including a heat storage section (14) for storing heat released from the secondary battery.
  4. 　熱媒体が循環すると共に、前記２次電池の熱を前記熱媒体で受け取る熱媒体回路（２８、４０）を含む請求項１ないし３のいずれか１つに記載の電池温調装置。 The battery temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a heat medium circuit (28, 40) that circulates the heat medium and receives heat of the secondary battery by the heat medium.
  5. 　充放電可能な２次電池（１０）の充放電を制御することで前記２次電池に流れるリップル電流によって前記２次電池を自己発熱させる電流発生装置（４５、４６）と、
    　熱媒体が循環すると共に、前記電流発生装置で発生する熱を前記熱媒体で受け取る熱媒体回路（２８、４０）と、
    　を含む電池温調装置。     A current generator (45, 46) that self-heats the secondary battery by a ripple current flowing in the secondary battery by controlling charge / discharge of the chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery (10);
    A heat medium circuit (28, 40) that circulates the heat medium and receives heat generated by the current generator with the heat medium;
    Battery temperature control device including
  6. 　前記電流発生装置は、電流切替え手段と蓄電手段とを含む請求項５に記載の電池温調装置。 The battery temperature control device according to claim 5, wherein the current generator includes a current switching unit and a power storage unit.
  7. 　前記電流切替え手段は、ＩＧＢＴ、ダイオード、ＭＯＳＦＥＴスイッチのうち少なくとも１つを含む請求項６に記載の電池温調装置。 The battery temperature control device according to claim 6, wherein the current switching means includes at least one of an IGBT, a diode, and a MOSFET switch.
  8. 　前記蓄電手段は、コイル、リアクトル、コンデンサのうち少なくとも１つを含む請求項６または７に記載の電池温調装置。 The battery temperature control device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the power storage means includes at least one of a coil, a reactor, and a capacitor.
  9. 　前記熱媒体は、冷却用の冷却水であり、
    　前記熱媒体回路は、前記冷却水が循環する冷却水回路（４０）を含む請求項４ないし８のいずれか１つに記載の電池温調装置。     The heat medium is cooling water for cooling,
    The battery temperature control device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the heat medium circuit includes a cooling water circuit (40) through which the cooling water circulates.
  10. 　前記熱媒体回路は、冷媒が循環することによって低温側から高温側に熱をくみ上げるヒートポンプ回路（２８）を含み、
    　前記冷却水の熱は、前記ヒートポンプ回路を循環する前記冷媒に受け渡される請求項９に記載の電池温調装置。     The heat medium circuit includes a heat pump circuit (28) that draws heat from a low temperature side to a high temperature side by circulating a refrigerant,
    The battery temperature control device according to claim 9, wherein the heat of the cooling water is transferred to the refrigerant circulating in the heat pump circuit.
  11. 　前記ヒートポンプ回路は、前記冷却水から前記冷媒に吸熱させるチラー（２７）を含み、
    　前記冷却水の熱は、前記チラーを介して前記冷却水回路から前記ヒートポンプ回路に受け渡される請求項１０に記載の電池温調装置。     The heat pump circuit includes a chiller (27) that absorbs heat from the cooling water to the refrigerant,
    The battery temperature control device according to claim 10, wherein the heat of the cooling water is transferred from the cooling water circuit to the heat pump circuit via the chiller.
  12. 　前記熱媒体回路は、冷媒が循環することによって低温側から高温側に熱をくみ上げるヒートポンプ回路（２８）を含み、
    　前記熱媒体は、前記ヒートポンプ回路を循環する前記冷媒である請求項４ないし８のいずれか１つに記載の電池温調装置。     The heat medium circuit includes a heat pump circuit (28) that draws heat from a low temperature side to a high temperature side by circulating a refrigerant,
    The battery temperature control device according to claim 4, wherein the heat medium is the refrigerant that circulates through the heat pump circuit.
PCT/JP2019/010918 2018-04-27 2019-03-15 Battery temperature adjustment device WO2019208018A1 (en)

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