WO2019201300A1 - Outil électrique et procédé de commande - Google Patents

Outil électrique et procédé de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019201300A1
WO2019201300A1 PCT/CN2019/083240 CN2019083240W WO2019201300A1 WO 2019201300 A1 WO2019201300 A1 WO 2019201300A1 CN 2019083240 W CN2019083240 W CN 2019083240W WO 2019201300 A1 WO2019201300 A1 WO 2019201300A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
power tool
motor
speed
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/083240
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张传兵
陆骏
钟红风
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority to CN201980022875.2A priority Critical patent/CN111919378B/zh
Publication of WO2019201300A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019201300A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
    • H02P7/29—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using pulse modulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric power, and in particular to a power tool capable of adapting a battery pack that is lower than a rated voltage of a power tool and a battery pack that is higher than a rated voltage of the tool.
  • a cordless tool or a cordless power tool uses a battery pack that is pluggably mounted on a tool as a power supply unit. Since it uses a battery pack to supply direct current (DC) power, it is not used. AC (AC) powered power cord (rope), so called cordless power tools.
  • DC direct current
  • AC (AC) powered power cord (rope) so called cordless power tools.
  • cordless power tools are mainly composed of energy unit (battery pack), power head (motor), transmission system (gearbox), control unit (switch, control board), and execution unit (work head).
  • the rated voltage of the tool is matched with the voltage of the energy unit (battery pack), that is, the rated voltage of the corresponding tool of the battery pack with a rated voltage of 18V must also be 18V. If the battery voltage is too high, the motor will be overloaded, easy to burn out or cause the motor to run at a speed. If the battery voltage is too low, the motor will run under load, making the output of the motor smaller or even unable to work.
  • B&D Company has introduced the FLEX20V ⁇ 60V general-purpose battery pack, which realizes the change of the battery output voltage by mechanical switch to control the change of the battery core string and the parallel connection mode, and can be plugged in at the same time at 20V and 60V.
  • Product line The battery pack has a complicated structure, high process requirements, high cost, low reliability, and it can only achieve compatibility between two (20V/60V) voltage product lines and batteries.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a more compatible power tool that can adapt a battery pack having a voltage lower than or higher than a certain range of the rated voltage of the motor.
  • a power tool includes a battery connecting portion for detachably connecting a first battery pack and a second battery pack, wherein a rated output voltage of the first battery pack is greater than a rated output voltage of the second battery pack ;
  • a driving unit located between the battery connecting portion and the motor, including a power switch tube for driving the motor to operate;
  • control unit configured to output a control signal to the control end of the power switch tube, and adjust a duty ratio of the control signal to make the speed of the motor equal to a preset speed, so that the motor can adapt to the first battery pack or The rated output voltage of the second battery pack, the rated voltage of the motor being lower than at least one of the rated output voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack.
  • the rated voltage of the motor is between the rated output voltage of the first battery pack and the rated output voltage of the second battery pack.
  • the rated output voltage of the first battery pack is at least 20% higher than the rated voltage of the motor, and the rated output voltage of the second battery pack is not lower than 40% of the rated voltage of the motor.
  • the power tool further includes a rotation speed detecting module, configured to acquire a rotation speed of the motor, and the control unit adjusts a duty ratio of the control signal to cause the motor to run at a preset speed at a steady speed, the pre-predetermined Set the speed to be less than or equal to the rated speed of the motor.
  • a rotation speed detecting module configured to acquire a rotation speed of the motor
  • the control unit adjusts a duty ratio of the control signal to cause the motor to run at a preset speed at a steady speed, the pre-predetermined Set the speed to be less than or equal to the rated speed of the motor.
  • the control unit gradually increases the duty ratio of the control signal, and if the speed obtained by the speed detecting module is equal to the first preset speed, the control unit controls the motor to be the first The preset speed is running at a steady speed, otherwise the control unit controls the motor to run at a third preset speed, and the first preset speed is less than or equal to the rated speed of the motor, the third preset The rotation speed is less than or equal to the second preset rotation speed, and the second preset rotation speed is the maximum rotation speed of the electric power tool when the second battery pack is powered.
  • the power tool further includes a first speed control device and a second speed control device, wherein the first speed control device corresponds to a first preset speed, and the second speed control device corresponds to a third preset speed.
  • the first preset speed is greater than the third preset speed, and the third preset speed is less than the second preset speed.
  • the control unit gradually increases the duty ratio of the control signal, if the speed obtained by the speed detecting module is equal to the first preset
  • the control unit controls the motor to run at a steady speed at the first preset rotational speed. Otherwise, the control unit controls the motor to operate at a steady speed at the second preset rotational speed.
  • the second speed regulating device is operated, and after the power tool is started, the control unit gradually increases the duty ratio of the control signal until the speed obtained by the speed detecting module is equal to the third preset. At the time of the rotational speed, the control unit controls the motor to maintain the third predetermined rotational speed operation.
  • the power tool further includes a power tool housing, the power connector is disposed on the power tool housing, and the second battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack, the first battery The package and the second battery pack are connected in series to provide electrical power to the power tool.
  • the power interface includes a first power interface for electrically connecting an adapter, and the adapter is detachably connected to a casing of the power tool, and the adapter is disposed on the adapter There are a plurality of battery pack connectors, and the plurality of battery packs are connected in series or in parallel to form a first battery pack.
  • the adapter is provided with a voltage output port electrically connected to a power input port of the power tool to supply power to the power tool.
  • the adapter is detachably mounted in a housing of the backpack assembly, and the backpack assembly is connected to the power tool through the connection assembly to provide power to the power tool.
  • the adapter is provided with four battery pack connectors, and the output voltage of the four battery pack connectors in series is greater than the rated voltage of the motor.
  • connection assembly comprises a cable.
  • the power tool further includes a voltage detecting module for detecting a terminal voltage of the motor, and the control unit adjusts a duty ratio of the control signal to make a terminal voltage of the motor less than or equal to the The rated voltage of the power tool.
  • a voltage detecting module for detecting a terminal voltage of the motor
  • the control unit adjusts a duty ratio of the control signal to make a terminal voltage of the motor less than or equal to the The rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the first battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack
  • the power tool further includes a first switch and a second switch, one end of the first switch and the start and stop switch of the power tool Connected to one end and form a first node, wherein the other end of the start-stop switch is connected to the motor; one end of the second switch is connected to the other end of the first switch, and forms a second node, The other end of the second switch is connected to the input end of the driving unit, and forms a third node; wherein a positive pole of the first battery pack is connected to the first node, and a negative pole of the first battery pack is connected The second node, the positive pole of the second battery pack is connected to the second node, the negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the third node, and when the first battery pack is not connected, the The first switch is in a closed state, the first switch is in an open state when the first battery pack is accessed, and the second switch is in a closed state when the second battery
  • the first battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack
  • the power tool further includes:
  • a cathode of the first diode is connected to one end of the start-stop switch of the power tool, wherein the other end of the start-stop switch is connected to the motor;
  • a cathode of the second diode being respectively connected to a cathode of the first diode and one end of the start-stop switch;
  • a cathode of the third diode is connected to an anode of the second diode, an anode of the third diode is connected to an input end of the driving unit, and forms a fourth node;
  • a third switch one end of the third switch is connected to an anode of the first diode, and the other end of the third switch is respectively connected to an anode of the second diode and the third diode
  • the cathodes are connected and form a fifth node
  • one end of the fourth switch is connected to the fifth node, and the other end of the fourth switch is connected to the fourth node;
  • first moving end of the first selection switch is respectively connected to one end of the third switch and an anode of the first diode, and the second moving end of the first selection switch is connected ;
  • the first moving end of the second selection switch is connected to the fifth node, and the second moving end of the second selection switch is connected to the air;
  • the anode of the first battery pack is connected to the fixed end of the first selection switch, the cathode of the first battery pack is connected to the fifth node, and the anode of the second battery pack is connected to the second selection.
  • a fixed end of the switch a negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the fourth node, and when the first battery pack is not connected, the third switch is in a closed state, and when the first battery pack is connected.
  • the third switch is in an off state
  • the fourth switch is in a closed state when the second battery pack is not connected, and the fourth switch is in an off state when the second battery pack is accessed.
  • the method further includes:
  • the storage module prestores a working condition database, wherein the working condition database includes a correspondence between a load and a duty ratio of the electric tool under various working conditions;
  • control unit further adjusts the duty ratio of the control signal according to the load size, so that the terminal voltage of the motor is equal to the rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the method further includes:
  • control unit communicates with the server through the wireless communication module to acquire a control parameter corresponding to the power tool from the server to operate according to the control parameter, and/or
  • the operating parameters of the power tool are sent to the server to store the working parameters in a history database of the server, so that the server corresponds to the power tool according to working parameters in the historical database. Control the parameter database for optimization.
  • the switching frequency of the power switch tube ranges from 4 to 20 Khz.
  • the motor adopts one of a brush motor, a brushless motor, a switched reluctance motor or a high frequency AC induction motor.
  • the battery pack comprises: a single battery pack, the battery pack having a rated voltage greater than or equal to a rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the battery pack includes: a battery pack composed of a plurality of battery packs, a battery pack composed of the plurality of battery packs has a rated voltage greater than or equal to a rated voltage of the power tool; a voltage regulating unit, the voltage adjustment The unit is used to select a battery pack that operates according to the rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the battery pack is composed of two battery packs
  • the two battery packs are respectively recorded as a first battery pack and a second battery pack
  • the voltage adjustment unit includes: a first switch, the first switch One end is connected to one end of the start-stop switch of the power tool, and forms a first node, wherein the other end of the start-stop switch is connected to the motor; the second switch, one end of the second switch is The other end of the first switch is connected to form a second node, and the other end of the second switch is connected to the input end of the driving module, and forms a third node; wherein the positive pole of the first battery pack a first node, a cathode of the first battery pack is connected to the second node, a cathode of the second battery pack is connected to the second node, and a cathode of the second battery pack is connected to the third node.
  • the first switch When the first battery pack is not connected, the first switch is in a closed state, when the first battery pack is accessed, the first switch is in an off state, and the second battery pack is not connected.
  • the second switch is in a closed state, Second access to the battery pack, the second switch is in the off state.
  • the voltage adjustment unit includes: a first diode, the first a cathode of the diode is connected to one end of the start-stop switch of the power tool, wherein the other end of the start-stop switch is connected to the motor; the second diode, the cathode of the second diode respectively Connected to a cathode of the first diode and one end of the start-stop switch; a third diode, a cathode of the third diode is connected to an anode of the second diode, the An anode of the three diode is connected to an input end of the driving module, and forms a fourth node; a third switch, one end of the third switch is connected to an anode of the first diode, and the third switch The other end is connected to the anode of the second diode and the cathode of the
  • the power tool further includes: a battery management unit, wherein the battery management unit is configured to perform equalization processing on the battery pack according to a voltage of each battery pack in an operating state when the plurality of battery packs are in an operating state.
  • a battery management unit configured to perform equalization processing on the battery pack according to a voltage of each battery pack in an operating state when the plurality of battery packs are in an operating state.
  • the undervoltage protection voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the battery pack of the plurality of battery packs has an undervoltage protection voltage greater than or equal to a rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the operating parameter of the motor satisfies the preset condition that the terminal voltage of the motor is equal to the rated voltage of the power tool, or the rotational speed of the motor is equal to the rated rotational speed of the motor.
  • the power tool further includes: a motor detecting module, wherein the motor detecting module is respectively connected to the motor and the control module, wherein the motor detecting module is configured to detect a terminal voltage of the motor or the motor
  • the rotation speed of the control module is further configured to adjust a relationship between a terminal voltage of the motor and a rated voltage of the power tool or a relationship between a rotational speed of the motor and a rated rotational speed of the motor.
  • the duty cycle of the control signal is further configured to adjust a relationship between a terminal voltage of the motor and a rated voltage of the power tool or a relationship between a rotational speed of the motor and a rated rotational speed of the motor.
  • the power tool further includes: a first battery detecting module, wherein the first battery detecting module is configured to detect a voltage or an internal resistance of the battery pack in an operating state when the power tool starts to work;
  • the control module is further configured to determine a rated voltage provided by the battery pack according to a voltage or an internal resistance of the battery pack in an operating state, and call a corresponding subroutine to control the motor according to the rated voltage.
  • the power tool further includes: a storage module, wherein the storage module prestores a working condition database, wherein the working condition database includes a load and a duty ratio of the power tool under various working conditions. Corresponding relationship; wherein, after determining the rated voltage currently provided by the battery pack, the control module further adjusts a duty ratio of the control signal according to a load magnitude of the motor.
  • the power tool further includes: a wireless communication module, wherein the control module communicates with the server through the wireless communication module to acquire a control parameter corresponding to the power tool from the server, according to the Controlling parameters to operate, and/or transmitting operational parameters of the power tool to the server to store the operational parameters in a history database of the server such that the server is in accordance with the historical database
  • the operating parameters are optimized for a database of control parameters corresponding to the power tool.
  • control module is further configured to acquire a voltage change amount of the battery pack, and when a voltage change amount of the power supply module is greater than or equal to a preset voltage value, if a terminal voltage of the motor is smaller than the electric power The rated voltage of the tool, the control module increases the duty ratio of the control signal such that the terminal voltage of the motor reaches the rated voltage of the power tool again, or if the rotational speed of the motor is less than the The rated speed of the motor, the control module increases the duty ratio of the control signal to cause the speed of the motor to reach the rated speed of the motor again.
  • a power tool system includes: the power tool of the above embodiment; a server, wireless communication between the server and the power tool; wherein the power tool is used Obtaining a control parameter corresponding to the power tool from the server to operate according to the control parameter, and/or transmitting an operating parameter of the power tool to the server to store the working parameter
  • the server is optimized to control a database of control parameters corresponding to the power tool according to working parameters in the history database.
  • the power tool can acquire the control parameter of the corresponding power tool from the server to operate according to the control parameter, and/or
  • the working parameters of the power tool are sent to the server to store the working parameters in the historical database of the server, so that the server optimizes the control parameter database corresponding to the power tool according to the working parameters in the historical database, thereby effectively solving the electric problem
  • the limited storage space of the tool and the limited processing speed of the control module are beneficial to improve the use efficiency of the power tool.
  • the present invention also provides a power tool control method, the power tool including a first voltage interface and a second voltage interface for respectively connecting battery packs of different output voltages, the power tool further comprising a motor and a control unit, The rated voltage of the motor is between the voltages output by the first voltage interface and the second voltage interface, and the method includes:
  • Step S1 after the power tool is started, gradually increasing the duty ratio of the control signal
  • step S2 it is determined whether the rotational speed of the motor is equal to the preset rotational speed, wherein the preset rotational speed is less than or equal to the rated rotational speed of the motor, and if so, step S3 is performed, otherwise step S4 is performed;
  • Step S3 controlling the motor to maintain the preset speed operation
  • Step S4 it is determined whether the duty ratio is equal to the preset duty cycle, and if so, step S5 is performed, otherwise, step S1 is performed;
  • step S5 the control motor maintains the second preset speed operation, wherein the second preset speed is less than or equal to the speed corresponding to the preset duty ratio.
  • the power tool of the present invention comprises a first battery interface connected to the first battery pack, a second battery connection interface for connecting the second battery pack, the rated output voltage of the first battery pack being greater than the second battery
  • the rated output voltage of the group, the rated voltage of the motor is between the rated output voltage of the first battery pack and the rated output voltage of the second battery pack, and the control unit does not need to identify the type of the battery pack, but the control of the power tool after starting.
  • the unit gradually increases the duty ratio so that the speed of the tool satisfies the preset condition.
  • the first battery pack connected to the high voltage is used, and when the power tool does not require a large output power, Connecting the low-voltage second battery pack expands the range of battery packs that the power tool can adapt, while increasing the efficiency of the battery pack by limiting the duty cycle to the speed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of internal control of a power tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a battery pack voltage and a duty ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a power tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a power tool according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a power tool according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electric power tool according to the first specific example of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of a power tool according to a second specific example of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart of an undervoltage protection subroutine in accordance with one example of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of a power tool according to a third specific example of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of a power tool according to a fourth specific example of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a flow chart of an undervoltage protection subroutine in accordance with another example of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a circuit diagram of a power tool in accordance with one specific example of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a circuit diagram of a power tool according to another specific example of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic illustration of a switching frequency in accordance with one example of the present invention.
  • the electric power tool 100 includes a motor 10, a battery connecting portion 20, a driving unit 30, and a control unit 40.
  • the battery connecting portion 20 is configured to detachably connect the first battery pack and the second battery pack, the rated output voltage of the first battery pack is greater than the rated output voltage of the second battery pack, and the input end of the driving unit 30 and the battery The output end of the connecting portion 20 is connected, and the output end of the driving unit 30 is connected to the motor 10.
  • the driving unit 30 includes a power switch tube 31 for outputting a control signal to the control end of the power switch tube 31, and Adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal to make the rotational speed of the motor 10 equal to the preset rotational speed, so that the motor 10 can adapt to the rated output voltage of the first battery pack or the second battery pack, and the rated voltage of the motor 10 is lower than At least one of the rated output voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack.
  • the power tool of the invention can adapt to the battery pack with the rated voltage greater than or equal to the rated voltage of the motor, or the battery pack with the rated voltage less than the rated voltage of the motor.
  • the battery pack is installed on the power tool, it is not necessary to identify the type of the battery pack. Only by adjusting the speed, the battery packs with different output voltages can be adapted to the power tool so that the voltage across the motor does not exceed its rated output voltage.
  • the power switch tube 31 can be a bridge circuit composed of MOSFET tubes.
  • the drive unit 30 is configured to drive the motor 10 to operate in accordance with the electrical energy provided by the battery connection 20.
  • the control unit 40 is configured to output a control signal to the control end of the power switch tube 31.
  • the control unit 40 gradually increases the duty ratio of the control signal.
  • the operating parameters of the motor 10 are modulated until the operating parameters of the motor 10 meet the preset conditions.
  • the voltage supplied from the battery connecting portion 20 is adjusted to 60V (effective value) by PWM to be applied to a brush motor having a rated voltage of 60V, assuming that the duty ratio is It is 50%.
  • the PWM frequency is 4kHz
  • the period T 0.25ms
  • the on-on time in T in a single period is 0.125ms.
  • the carbon brush is enough to generate a large spark, making two carbons
  • the spark of the brush is connected to the arc.
  • the PWM frequency is reduced, the on time is longer, the spark is larger, and the arc is more inevitable.
  • the PWM frequency can't be too high: It is well known that the DC power supply PWM voltage regulation is realized by a power switch tube such as Mosfet.
  • the Mosfet power switch tube has on-state loss and switching loss.
  • the switching loss is proportional to the PWM frequency, so increasing the frequency is bound to be Increase switching losses, which increase device temperature rise and reduce reliability.
  • the control unit 40 of the present invention controls the turning on or off of the power switching transistor 31 in the driving unit 30 by transmitting a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal.
  • the PWM signal is a pulse signal with adjustable duty ratio, and includes a high level portion and a low level portion.
  • the high level portion causes the power switch tube 31 to be in an on state, and the battery connection portion 20 supplies power to the motor 10 when the motor After the start-up operation, the low-level portion of the pulse signal causes the power switch tube 31 to be in an off state, and the power supply circuit of the battery connection portion 20 to the motor 10 is disconnected.
  • the control unit 40 can control the magnitude of the electric energy supplied to the motor 10 by the battery connecting portion 20 by controlling the ratio of the high level portion and the low level portion of the PWM signal.
  • the duty ratio is high, that is, the high-level portion is high, the power-on time of the power switch tube 31 is long, the power supplied from the battery connecting portion 20 to the motor 10 is high, and the terminal voltage of the motor 10 and the rotational speed of the motor 10 are high;
  • the duty ratio is low, that is, the ratio of the high level portion is low, the conduction time of the power switch tube 31 is short, the power supplied from the battery connection portion 20 to the motor 10 is low, and the terminal voltage of the motor 10 and the rotation speed of the motor 10 are low.
  • the motor 10 may be one of a brush motor, a brushless motor, or a switched reluctance motor to facilitate the control unit 40 to control the rotational speed of the motor 10.
  • the power tool 100 can be, but is not limited to, a cordless hand-held power tool, a cordless garden tool, a cordless wheeled moving tool, and the like.
  • the switching frequency of the power switch tube 31 may range from 4 to 20 Khz, preferably from 6 to 12 Khz, and most preferably from 7 to 9 Khz.
  • the battery connecting portion 20 is detachably connected to the battery pack
  • the battery pack may be a single battery pack or a battery pack composed of a plurality of batteries.
  • the battery pack may be designed to be detachably mounted in the power tool 100.
  • a battery slot for installing the battery pack may be disposed in the housing, or a battery compartment may be disposed separately from the housing.
  • the piggyback assembly 90 (shown in Figure 3) is used to mount the battery pack.
  • the type of the battery pack may be a lithium battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead acid battery, or a super capacitor.
  • the rated output voltage of the motor is between the rated output voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack
  • the control unit stabilizes the rotational speed by a predetermined duty value by controlling the duty ratio.
  • the set value is less than or equal to the rated speed of the motor, so that the terminal voltage of the motor is less than or equal to the rated voltage of the motor.
  • the control unit of the invention adjusts the rotational speed by adjusting the duty ratio of the control signal, and does not need to identify the type of the battery pack, and the power tool can be adapted to the battery pack larger than the rated voltage of the power tool and less than the rated voltage of the power tool by only one set of procedures. Battery pack.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling a power tool according to the present invention. Control methods include:
  • step S1 after the power tool is started, the duty ratio of the control signal is gradually increased.
  • the power tool of the present invention gradually increases the duty ratio by a soft start mode until the duty ratio reaches a predetermined value.
  • step S2 it is judged whether the rotation speed of the motor is equal to the preset rotation speed, and if so, step S3 is performed, otherwise step S4 is performed.
  • the control unit determines whether the motor speed obtained by the rotation speed detecting unit is equal to the preset speed, and the preset speed is less than or equal to the rated speed of the motor.
  • the preset speed may be It is the speed set by the operator through the speed control device, or it can be a preset speed value stored in the system.
  • step S3 the control motor maintains the preset speed operation.
  • the controller controls the motor to operate at a steady speed at a preset rotational speed.
  • step S4 it is determined whether the duty ratio is equal to the preset duty ratio, and if so, step S5 is performed; otherwise, step S1 is performed.
  • the preset duty ratio is 100%. As is known to those skilled in the art, the preset duty ratio may also be slightly less than 100%.
  • step S5 the control motor maintains the second preset speed operation, wherein the second preset speed is less than or equal to the speed corresponding to the 100% duty ratio.
  • the control unit controls the motor to operate at a duty ratio of 100%, which corresponds to the second preset speed.
  • the duty ratio is gradually increased, and the control unit determines whether the motor speed obtained by the rotation speed detecting unit is equal to the preset speed. If not, the duty ratio is continuously increased, and it is determined whether the increased duty ratio is equal to 100. %, if yes, maintain the 100% duty cycle control motor or the corresponding second preset speed when the 100% duty cycle is pre-stored in the system. When the duty ratio is equal to 100%, the control device controls the motor to maintain the second. The preset speed runs at a steady speed. Otherwise, if the duty cycle is not equal to 100%, continue to increase the duty cycle until the motor speed is equal to the preset speed.
  • the power tool of the present invention can be adapted to a battery pack higher than the rated voltage of the power tool, or can be adapted to a battery pack lower than the rated voltage of the power tool, and can control the high voltage battery pack without identifying the type of the battery pack by the identification module. Instead, by gradually increasing the duty cycle, the low-voltage battery pack maintains a 100% duty cycle operation, and the high-voltage battery pack maintains the preset speed operation, which saves cost, simplifies the control procedure, and is recognized by The module can only recognize a limited number of battery packs, and the versatility of the battery pack is limited.
  • the present invention eliminates the need for an identification module and improves the compatibility of the power tool with the battery pack.
  • the rated output voltage of the first battery pack is at least 20% higher than the rated voltage of the motor, and the rated output voltage of the second battery pack is not less than 40% of the rated voltage of the motor.
  • the undervoltage of the first battery pack ie, the lowest discharge voltage, is greater than the rated output voltage of the second battery pack.
  • the power tool further includes a speed control device, and the speed control device may be a knob for multi-speed speed regulation, or a plurality of buttons or buttons for gear speed regulation.
  • the two-speed speed adjustment is taken as an example.
  • the power tool includes a first speed control device and a second speed control device.
  • the first speed control device may be a first button, corresponding to the high speed gear, corresponding to the first preset speed
  • the second speed regulating device may be a second button, corresponding to the low speed gear, corresponding to the third preset speed.
  • the first preset speed is less than or equal to the rated speed of the motor
  • the third preset speed is less than or equal to the speed when the second battery pack is adapted to the power tool and the power tool is operated at 100% duty cycle.
  • the control unit gradually increases the duty ratio of the control signal, and the control unit determines whether the motor speed obtained by the rotation speed detecting unit is equal to the first preset speed, and if not equal, continues to increase Empty ratio, and determine whether the duty ratio at this time is equal to 100%. If the duty ratio at this time is equal to 100%, the control unit maintains the 100% duty cycle control motor. If it is not equal to 100%, continue to increase the duty. Comparing, and determining whether the rotation speed at this time is equal to the first preset rotation speed. If equal, the control unit controls the motor to run at a steady speed at the first preset rotation speed. If not, it determines whether the duty ratio at this time is equal to 100%. If not equal to continue to increase the duty cycle until the motor speed is equal to the first preset speed, if equal, the control unit maintains the 100% duty cycle control motor.
  • the control unit gradually increases the duty ratio of the control signal, and the control unit determines whether the motor speed obtained by the rotation speed detecting unit is equal to the third preset speed, and if not equal to the third preset speed, Then continue to increase the duty cycle until the motor speed is equal to the third preset speed.
  • the electric tool of the present invention includes a power tool such as a grass cutter, a pruning machine, a hair dryer, a chain saw, a high pressure cleaner, and the like.
  • the power tool includes a battery connecting portion 20, and the battery connecting portion 20 includes a first power port and a second power port.
  • the first power port has a detachable connection voltage that is greater than a rated battery voltage of the first battery pack, and the second power port has a detachable connection voltage.
  • a second battery pack that is less than the rated voltage of the motor.
  • the power tool can supply power from a 40V battery pack through the second power interface, or from the 80V battery pack through the first power interface.
  • the power tool When the power tool requires a small power output or there is no battery pack of 60V or 80V around, the power tool can be fitted with a 40V battery pack. When the power tool requires a large output power, the power tool is adapted to the 80V battery pack.
  • the 40V battery pack may be a single 40V battery pack, or may be composed of two 20V battery packs in series. In the present invention, two 20V battery packs are preferably connected in series to form a 40V output voltage.
  • the second The power interface includes a first battery slot and a second battery slot. The first battery slot and the second battery slot are electrically connected to respectively connect the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and the first battery pack and the second battery pack are respectively 20V battery pack.
  • the first battery pack can be composed of four 20V battery packs in series to form an output voltage of 80V.
  • the 80V first battery pack can be located on the power tool housing or outside the housing of the power tool.
  • the invention further includes an adapter, the adapter is provided with a plurality of battery holders for mounting a plurality of battery packs, the plurality of battery packs are connected in series or in parallel, the adapter has a voltage output port, and the voltage input port of the power tool is connected through the connection component, Provide power to power tools.
  • four battery slots are provided on the adapter, four 20V battery packs can be installed, and four 20V battery packs are connected in series or in parallel.
  • the adapter is provided with a first voltage output port, a second voltage output port and The third voltage output ports are 20V, 40V and 80V respectively.
  • the adapter also has a power input port, and the external AC power source charges the battery pack on the battery slot through the power input port.
  • the adapter is further provided with a first connecting portion for detachably connecting the first power interface of the power tool.
  • the second power port in the tool housing of the lawn mower is provided with a first battery slot and a second battery slot, and the first battery slot and the second battery slot are electrically connected to accommodate 2 A 20V battery pack, two battery packs in series.
  • the lawn mower housing is also provided with a first power connector for the detachable connection adapter. The operator can select two 20V battery packs to supply power to the lawn mower in series or select the four 20V battery packs in series, that is, the 80v voltage output port to supply power to the lawn mower.
  • the adapter is mounted on the tool housing to increase the weight of the tool, and the operator's hand operation is inconvenient.
  • the power tool of the present invention further includes a piggyback component, which is convenient for the user to carry.
  • the backpack assembly includes a housing in which a housing is disposed for receiving the adapter, and the backpack assembly further includes a cable a for electrically connecting the power tool, and the electrical energy output by the adapter is transmitted to the power tool through the cable.
  • the carrying component reduces the force on the operator's hand and is more convenient to operate.
  • the adapter has only one voltage output port, and the adapter is provided with a knob switch, and the serial-parallel structure of the plurality of battery packs is changed by rotating the knob switch, thereby changing the voltage of the output port.
  • the output port is connected to the power tool through a connection assembly to supply power to the power tool.
  • the battery pack 21 is composed of four 20V battery packs in series. The user can select the target rated voltage through the knob A according to the rated voltage of the power tool. For example, the rated voltage of the tool is 60V, and the black on the knob A can be selected. The arrow is aligned to the 4*20V position.
  • a voltage detecting module is further included for detecting a terminal voltage of the motor, and adjusting a duty ratio of the control signal such that a terminal voltage of the motor is equal to a rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the 80V battery pack is reduced to 60V, and the brushed motor with rated voltage of 60V is used as an example.
  • the selection of the switching frequency is specifically described:
  • the PWM frequency can not be too low: after debugging, if the frequency below 4 kHz is used, there will be a carbon brush fire and arc phenomenon, that is, a continuous bright spark will appear, the motor 10 will be burnt in a short time, and there is a fire hazard. .
  • the control unit 40 controls the duty ratio to be 100% in order to maintain higher efficiency. During the use of the power tool 100, the voltage will gradually decrease and the efficiency of the battery pack will decrease.
  • the use efficiency of the battery pack is increased.
  • the under-voltage protection voltage of the battery pack should be greater than or equal to the rated voltage of the power tool such that the terminal voltage of the motor 10 is equal to the rated voltage of the power tool 100, the power tool 100 is at the rated voltage.
  • a 20V battery pack provides a rated voltage of 18V and an undervoltage protection voltage of 12.5V.
  • the rated voltage of the power tool 100 using the battery pack must be less than or equal to 12.5V; the 40V battery pack provides the rated voltage.
  • the undervoltage protection voltage is 25V
  • the rated voltage of the power tool 100 using the battery pack should be less than or equal to 25V
  • the 60V battery pack provides a rated voltage of 48V
  • its undervoltage protection voltage is 37.5V.
  • the rated voltage of the power tool 100 using the battery pack needs to be less than or equal to 37.5V.
  • the minimum duty ratio during operation the rated voltage of the motor / the rated voltage supplied by the battery connection
  • the undervoltage of the connection is ⁇ 100%, that is, the rated voltage of the motor is ⁇ the undervoltage of the battery connection.
  • the battery connecting portion 20 includes the battery pack 21 composed of a plurality of batteries and the voltage adjusting unit 22, the rated voltage of the battery pack 21 composed of the plurality of batteries is greater than or equal to the rated voltage of the electric power tool 100.
  • the voltage adjusting unit 22 is configured to select a battery pack that operates according to the rated voltage or the target rated voltage of the power tool, so that the battery connecting portion 40 provides the target rated voltage when the selected battery pack operates.
  • the number and connection relationship of the plurality of battery packs constituting the battery pack 21 can be set as needed (such as the type of the power tool 100, etc.), for example, the battery pack 21 is composed of three 20V battery packs connected in series; 21 consists of three 20V batteries, and two are connected in parallel and the other in series.
  • the target rated voltage is the voltage input by the user according to the needs of the power tool.
  • the battery pack 21 is composed of four 20V battery packs connected in series, and the user can pass the knob A according to the rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the target rated voltage such as 36V
  • the black arrow on the knob A can be aligned to the 2*20V position
  • the voltage adjusting unit 22 can select the battery packs in series to operate.
  • the voltage regulating unit 22 can also select four 20V battery packs to work, and the two in parallel are connected in series.
  • the number of battery packs selected for operation by the voltage adjustment unit 22 can be determined according to the connection relationship between the battery packs set in advance, for example, four 20V battery packs (number: 1#, 2#, 3#, 4) #) After the series connection is made to form the battery pack 21, when 2*20V is selected, the voltage adjustment unit 22 can select 1# and 2# or 2# and 3# or 3# and 4# to operate.
  • the under-voltage protection voltage of the battery pack 21 composed of a plurality of batteries should be greater than or equal to the rated voltage of the power tool.
  • the output voltage of the battery connecting portion 20 corresponding to the large load is appropriately increased, that is, the duty ratio is increased; and the output voltage of the battery connecting portion 20 corresponding to the small load is appropriately lowered, that is, The duty ratio is reduced, thereby achieving an effect of high efficiency and single package capability in all working conditions.
  • the power tool 100 may further be provided with a battery management module, and the battery management module is used to work in multiple battery packs.
  • the battery pack is equalized according to the voltage of each battery pack in the working state, for example, the battery pack with higher control voltage is preferentially discharged, and when all the voltages of the battery packs in the working state are the same, all the control can be controlled.
  • the battery pack in operation is discharged at the same time.
  • the operating parameters of the motor 10 satisfy the preset conditions including: the terminal voltage of the motor 10 is equal to the rated voltage of the power tool 100, or the rotational speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated speed of the motor 10.
  • the power tool 100 further includes a motor detecting module 50 connected to the motor 10 and the control unit 40, respectively, and the motor detecting module 50 is configured to detect the terminal voltage of the motor 10 or the rotational speed of the motor 10.
  • the control unit 40 is further configured to adjust the duty ratio of the control signal according to the relationship between the terminal voltage of the motor 10 and the rated voltage of the power tool 100 or the relationship between the rotational speed of the motor 10 and the rated rotational speed of the motor 10.
  • the control unit 40 increases the duty ratio of the control signal to increase the terminal voltage of the motor 10 until the terminal voltage of the motor 10 is equal to the rated value of the power tool 100. Voltage; When the rotational speed of the motor 10 is less than the rated rotational speed of the motor 10, the control unit 40 increases the duty ratio of the control signal to increase the rotational speed of the motor 10, and the rotational speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated rotational speed of the motor 10.
  • the driving unit 30 and the motor detecting module 50 constitute a feedback circuit, and the control unit 40 can implement closed-loop control of the terminal voltage of the motor 10 according to the feedback circuit.
  • control unit 40 can adjust the duty ratio of the control signal when the power tool 100 is turned on from a preset initial safety duty cycle to gradually increase in a preset step until the terminal voltage of the motor 10 is equal to the power tool.
  • the rated voltage of 100 or the rotational speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated rotational speed of the motor 10, and the current duty ratio of the control signal is acquired, and the rated voltage currently supplied by the battery connecting portion 20 is determined based on the current duty ratio.
  • the preset initial safety duty ratio may be set according to the maximum value of the rated voltage that the battery connecting portion 20 can provide and the rated voltage of the power tool 100, for example, the maximum rated voltage that the battery connecting portion 20 can provide. For Umax, the rated voltage of the power tool 100 is U0, then the preset initial safety duty ratio may be any value less than U0/Umax to prevent the battery connector 20 from burning the motor 10 or the power tool when the battery is connected at a high voltage. Other electronic devices in 100.
  • the power tool 100 further includes a first battery detecting module 60 for detecting the voltage or internal resistance of the battery pack in an operating state when the power tool 100 starts operating.
  • the control unit 40 is further configured to determine the rated voltage provided by the battery connecting portion 20 according to the voltage or internal resistance of the battery pack in the working state, and call the corresponding subroutine to control the motor according to the rated voltage.
  • the subroutine includes a duty cycle subroutine, that is, a duty ratio adjustment subroutine corresponding to the rated voltage provided by the battery connecting portion 20.
  • the subroutine may further include a battery protection subroutine, such as an overcurrent protection subroutine, an overtemperature protection subroutine, an undervoltage protection subroutine, and the like.
  • a battery protection subroutine such as an overcurrent protection subroutine, an overtemperature protection subroutine, an undervoltage protection subroutine, and the like.
  • the power tool 100 may further include a second battery detecting module for detecting the voltage and/or operating current of the battery pack in the working state of the battery connecting portion 20 in real time during the operation of the power tool 100.
  • the control unit 40 is further configured to: when the voltage of the battery pack in the working state is less than the corresponding undervoltage voltage, and/or, when the operating current of the battery pack in the working state is greater than the corresponding current threshold and continue for a preset time
  • the power supply circuit is disconnected by controlling the battery connection portion 20 to stop the motor 10 from operating. Thereby, undervoltage protection and/or overcurrent protection of the power tool can be achieved, and damage of the motor can be reduced.
  • the current threshold and the preset time can be calibrated according to the actual working circuit of the battery connecting portion 20.
  • the second battery detecting module detects the voltage of the battery connecting portion 20 in real time, and sends the voltage detecting result to the control unit 40.
  • the control unit 40 determines the battery pack in the battery connecting portion 20 according to the voltage detecting result. (such as 20V battery pack) whether the voltage is less than the preset undervoltage voltage (such as 12.5V), if so, the control unit 40 determines the battery undervoltage, and controls the power switch tube in the drive unit 30 to disconnect, to cut off the battery
  • the power supply circuit of the connecting portion 20 stops the operation of the motor 10, thereby achieving undervoltage protection of the battery connecting portion 20.
  • the second battery detecting module can detect the operating current of the battery connecting portion 20 in real time, and send the current detecting result to the control unit 40.
  • the control unit 40 determines the working of the battery connecting portion 20 according to the current detecting result. Whether the current is greater than a current threshold (eg, 25A), and if so, the motor detection module 50 further records the duration of the operating current being greater than the preset current threshold. If the duration is longer than the preset time (eg, 2 s), the control unit 40 determines that the battery connecting portion 20 is overcurrent, and controls the power switch tube in the driving unit 30 to be disconnected to cut off the power supply circuit of the battery connecting portion 20, so that the motor 10 is turned off. The operation is stopped, thereby achieving overcurrent protection of the battery connecting portion 20.
  • a current threshold eg, 25A
  • the control unit 40 is further configured to acquire the voltage change amount of the battery connection portion 20 (such as the voltage change amount of each battery pack in the working state, or the total voltage of all the battery packs in the working state).
  • the amount of change when the amount of voltage change of the battery pack (such as the voltage change amount of the at least one battery pack or the total voltage change amount) is greater than or equal to the corresponding preset voltage value, if the terminal voltage of the motor 10 is smaller than that of the power tool 100
  • the control unit 40 increases the duty ratio of the control signal so that the terminal voltage of the motor 10 reaches the rated voltage of the power tool 100 again, or if the rotational speed of the motor 10 is less than the rated speed of the motor 10, the control unit 40 By increasing the duty cycle of the control signal, the rotational speed of the motor 10 again reaches the rated rotational speed of the motor 10.
  • the amount of voltage change of the battery connection portion 20 may also be the total voltage variation amount of all the battery packs in an operating state.
  • the control unit 40 acquires the voltage change amount of each battery pack in real time, and adjusts when the difference between the voltage values of the at least one battery pack acquired twice consecutively is greater than or equal to a preset voltage value such as 0.5V.
  • the duty cycle of the control signal is such that the terminal voltage of the motor 10 is equal to the rated voltage of the power tool 100, or the rotational speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated speed of the motor 10.
  • the power tool 100 further includes a storage module in which the operating condition database is pre-stored, wherein the operating condition database includes the power tool 100 in various operating conditions (such as different ratings provided by the battery connecting portion 20). Correspondence between load and duty ratio under no-load, small load, large load, full load, etc. under voltage, the correspondence may be stored in the form of a table or a curve.
  • control unit 40 also adjusts the duty cycle of the control signal based on the magnitude of the load of motor 10.
  • the motor detecting module 50 is further configured to detect the operating current of the motor, and the control unit 40 can adjust the duty ratio of the control signal according to the operating current of the motor 10.
  • a main program, a subroutine, and the like required for the control unit may be pre-stored in the storage module.
  • the power tool 100 further includes a wireless communication module 70.
  • the control unit 40 communicates with the server 200 through the wireless communication module 70 to acquire control parameters of the corresponding power tool 100 from the server 200 to operate according to the control parameters. And/or, transmitting the operating parameters of the power tool 100 to the server 200 to store the operating parameters in the history database of the server 200, so that the server 200 compares the control parameters corresponding to the power tool 100 according to the operating parameters in the historical database.
  • the database is optimized (such as using big data processing methods, etc.).
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the CPU determines the rated voltage supplied from the battery connecting portion 20 based on the voltage of the motor 10 terminal, and adjusts the duty ratio and performs undervoltage protection according to the voltage of the motor 10 terminal.
  • the main switch of the power tool 100 is turned on, the 5V module is powered on, the CPU is powered on, and the CPU adjusts the duty ratio of the MOSFET from a preset initial safety duty ratio of 0 to a preset step.
  • the distance X% (such as 1%, 3%, 5%, etc.) is gradually increased until the terminal voltage of the motor 10 is equal to the rated voltage of the power tool 18V, and the current duty ratio of the MOSFET is obtained. If the current duty ratio is 100%, it can be determined that the battery connection portion 20 is a 20V battery pack.
  • the duty ratio is maintained at 100%.
  • the duty ratio of the MOSFET is less than 100% when the voltage at the motor terminal 10 is equal to 18 V, it is judged that the battery connection portion 20 is another voltage battery pack.
  • the voltage of the motor 10 terminal is equal to 18 V and the current duty ratio is 33% or less, it is judged that the battery connecting portion 20 is a 60 V battery pack.
  • the voltage of the motor 10 terminal is detected in real time, and when the terminal voltage is less than 18V, the duty ratio is increased by a preset step X% to maintain the terminal voltage at 18V.
  • the CPU gives an alarm prompt or directly shuts down the motor 10.
  • the duty ratio of the MOSFET is less than 100% when the voltage at the motor terminal 10 is equal to 18 V, it is judged that the battery connection portion 20 is another voltage battery pack.
  • the voltage of the motor 10 terminal is equal to 18 V and the current duty ratio is greater than 33% and less than or equal to 50%, it is judged that the battery connecting portion 20 is a 40V battery pack.
  • the voltage of the motor 10 terminal is detected in real time, and when the terminal voltage is less than 18V, the duty ratio is increased by a preset step X% to maintain the terminal voltage at 18V.
  • the motor terminal voltage is less than or equal to 18V and the corresponding duty ratio reaches 72%, it is judged that the 40V battery pack is under voltage, and the CPU gives an alarm prompt or directly shuts down the motor 10.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the rated voltage supplied from the battery connecting portion 20 is determined in accordance with the output voltage or resistance of the battery connecting portion 20, and the duty ratio of the control signal is adjusted in accordance with the voltage of the motor terminal 10 and undervoltage protection is performed.
  • the main switch of the power tool 100 is turned on, the 5V module is powered on, the CPU is powered on, and the main program is controlled.
  • the CPU acquires the output voltage U of the battery connecting portion 20, determines the rated voltage provided by the battery connecting portion 20 according to U, and calls a corresponding protection subroutine according to the rated voltage (such as an overtemperature protection subroutine, an overcurrent protection subroutine, and undervoltage protection). Subprograms, etc.). For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the CPU adjusts the duty ratio of the control signal according to the voltage of the motor 10 terminal, and determines the undervoltage of the battery pack when the duty ratio is equal to 72%. , CPU alarm or shutdown protection of motor 10.
  • the main switch of the power tool 100 is turned on, the 5V module is powered on, the CPU is powered on, and the main program is controlled.
  • the CPU acquires the resistance R of the battery connection portion 20, determines the rated voltage provided by the battery connection portion 20 according to R, and calls a corresponding protection subroutine according to the rated voltage (eg, an overtemperature protection subroutine, an overcurrent protection subroutine, an undervoltage protection subroutine). Program, etc.). For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the CPU adjusts the duty ratio of the control signal according to the voltage of the motor 10 terminal, and determines the undervoltage of the battery pack when the duty ratio is equal to 72%. , CPU alarm or shutdown protection of motor 10.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the CPU determines the rated voltage supplied from the battery connecting portion 20 based on the rotational speed of the motor 10, and adjusts the duty ratio and performs undervoltage protection according to the rotational speed of the motor 10.
  • the main switch of the power tool 100 is turned on, the 5V module is powered on, the CPU is powered on, and the CPU adjusts the duty ratio of the MOSFET from a preset initial safety duty ratio of 0 to a preset step.
  • the distance X% (such as 1%, 3%, 5%, etc.) is gradually increased until the speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated speed of the motor 10, and the current duty ratio of the MOSFET is obtained. If the current duty ratio is 100%, it can be determined that the battery connection portion 20 is a 20V battery pack. If the terminal voltage of the motor 10 is detected to be less than 12.5V during the operation of the motor, that is, the undervoltage voltage of the 20V battery pack is reached. The CPU gives an alarm prompt or directly shuts down the motor 10. Wherein, when the voltage of the motor 10 terminal is greater than or equal to 12.5 V and less than or equal to 18 V, the duty ratio is maintained at 100%.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated rotational speed of the motor and the duty ratio of the MOSFET is less than 100%, it is judged that the battery connecting portion 20 is another voltage battery pack.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated rotational speed and the current duty ratio is 33% or less, it is judged that the battery connecting portion 20 is a 60V battery pack.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 10 is detected in real time, and when the rotational speed is less than the rated rotational speed, the duty ratio is increased by a preset step X% so that the rotational speed maintains the rated rotational speed.
  • the motor speed is less than or equal to the rated speed and the corresponding duty ratio reaches 48%, it is judged that the 60V battery pack is under voltage, then the CPU gives an alarm prompt or directly shuts down the motor 10.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated rotational speed of the motor, and the duty ratio of the MOSFET is less than 100%, it is judged that the battery connecting portion 20 is another voltage battery pack.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 10 is equal to the rated rotational speed and the current duty ratio is greater than 33% and less than or equal to 50%, it is determined that the battery connecting portion 20 is a 40V battery pack.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 10 is detected in real time, and when the rotational speed is less than the rated rotational speed, the duty ratio is increased by a preset step X% so that the rotational speed maintains the rated rotational speed.
  • the motor speed is less than or equal to the rated speed and the corresponding duty ratio reaches 72%, it is judged that the 40V battery pack is under voltage, then the CPU gives an alarm prompt or directly shuts down the motor 10.
  • the CPU needs to control the motor 10 with a 100% duty ratio, and the motor 10 terminal voltage or battery pack can be detected at this time. Voltage to determine if the battery pack is under voltage. In other words, when the rated voltage of the motor 10 is greater than the undervoltage of the battery connecting portion 20, it is necessary to determine whether the battery connecting portion 20 is undervoltage by detecting the voltage at the motor terminal 10 or the voltage of the battery connecting portion 20. To this end, it is preferable that the battery connecting portion 20 whose undervoltage is equal to or higher than the rated voltage of the motor 10 supplies power to the electric power tool 100.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the rated voltage supplied from the battery connecting portion 20 is determined in accordance with the output voltage or resistance of the battery connecting portion 20, and the duty ratio of the control signal and the undervoltage protection are adjusted in accordance with the rotational speed of the motor 10.
  • the main switch of the power tool 100 is turned on, the 5V module is powered on, the CPU is powered on, and the main program is controlled.
  • the CPU acquires the output voltage U of the battery connecting portion 20, determines the rated voltage provided by the battery connecting portion 20 according to U, and calls a corresponding protection subroutine according to the rated voltage (such as an overtemperature protection subroutine, an overcurrent protection subroutine, and undervoltage protection). Subprograms, etc.). For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the CPU adjusts the duty ratio of the control signal according to the rotational speed of the motor 10, and determines the undervoltage of the battery pack when the duty ratio is equal to 72%. , CPU alarm or shutdown protection of motor 10.
  • the main switch of the power tool 100 is turned on, the 5V module is powered on, the CPU is powered on, and the main program is controlled.
  • the CPU acquires the resistance R of the battery connection portion 20, determines the rated voltage provided by the battery connection portion 20 according to R, and calls a corresponding protection subroutine according to the rated voltage (eg, an overtemperature protection subroutine, an overcurrent protection subroutine, an undervoltage protection subroutine). Program, etc.). For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the CPU adjusts the duty ratio of the control signal according to the rotational speed of the motor 10, and determines the undervoltage of the battery pack when the duty ratio is equal to 72%. , CPU alarm or shutdown protection of motor 10.
  • the battery connecting portion 20 includes a battery pack composed of a plurality of batteries, in order to facilitate understanding of the operation principle of the battery connecting portion 20, description will be made below with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15:
  • the battery pack 21 is composed of two battery packs (a first battery pack Pack1 and a second battery pack Pack2), and the rated voltages U1 and U2 of each battery pack are equal to or greater than the rated value of the motor 10. Voltage U0.
  • the voltage adjusting unit 22 includes a first switch S2 and a second switch S3, wherein one end of the S2 is connected to one end of the start-stop switch S1 of the power tool, and forms a first node a.
  • the other end of the stop switch S1 is connected to the motor 10; one end of the S3 is connected to the other end of the S2, and a second node b is formed, and the other end of the S3 is connected to the input end of the drive unit 30, and forms a third node c;
  • the positive pole is connected to the first node a, the negative pole of Pack1 is connected to the second node b, the positive pole of Pack2 is connected to the second node b, and the negative pole of Pack2 is connected to the third node c.
  • both battery packs when both battery packs are inserted, the two battery packs are connected in series. If one battery pack is previously de-energized, the package is only removed, and the power tool 100 is still operating normally, and the cost is low.
  • the voltage adjusting unit 22 includes: a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a third switch S4, a fourth switch S5, and a first selection.
  • the cathode of D1 is connected to one end of the start-stop switch S1 of the power tool, the other end of S1 is connected to the motor 10; the cathode of D2 is respectively connected to the cathode of D1 and one end of S1, and the cathode of D3 is connected to the anode of D2, D3
  • the anode is connected to the input end of the driving unit 30 and forms a fourth node d; one end of S4 is connected to the anode of D1, and the other end of S4 is respectively connected to the anode of D2 and the cathode of D3, and forms a fifth node e;
  • S5 One end of the connection is connected to the fifth node e, and the other end of the S5 is connected to the fourth node d;
  • the first mobile end of the Relay1 is connected to one end of the S4 and the anode of the D1, and the second mobile end of the Relay1 is connected; the first of the Relay2 The mobile end
  • U1 is greater than U0, PWM step-down output, if U1 is equal to U0, and the duty ratio is adjusted to 100%.
  • port 1 of Relay1 is switched to be connected to port 2 (ie, the second mobile end), and Pack1 is disconnected. Only Pack2 is discharged, and the discharge circuit is: Pack2+ ⁇ Relay2(1-3) ⁇ S1 ⁇ M ⁇ Mosfet ⁇ Pack2-.
  • port 1 of Relay2 is switched to be connected to port 2 (ie, the second mobile end), and Pack2 is disconnected. Only Pack1 is discharged, and the discharge circuit is: Pack1+ ⁇ Relay1(1-3) ⁇ D1 ⁇ S1 ⁇ M ⁇ Mosfet ⁇ D3 ⁇ Pack1-.
  • the power tool adjusts the duty ratio of the control signal by the control unit when the battery pack of different rated voltages greater than its own rated voltage is supplied with power, so that the terminal voltage of the motor is equal to the rated value of the power tool.
  • the voltage or the speed of the motor is equal to the rated speed of the motor. Therefore, the power tool can be adapted to the battery pack of different rated voltages, the adaptation range of the power tool voltage is improved, and the efficiency of the battery pack is improved.
  • the present invention proposes a power tool system.
  • the power tool system includes the power tool 100 and the server 200 of the above embodiment, wherein the server 200 and the power tool 100 perform wireless communication.
  • the power tool 100 is configured to acquire control parameters of the corresponding power tool 100 from the server 200 to operate according to the control parameters, and/or send the operating parameters of the power tool 100 to the server 200 to work.
  • the parameters are stored in the history database of the server 200 to cause the server 200 to optimize the control parameter database corresponding to the power tool 100 based on the operating parameters in the history database.
  • the power tool can acquire the control parameter of the corresponding power tool from the server to operate according to the control parameter, and/or
  • the working parameters of the power tool are sent to the server to store the working parameters in the historical database of the server, so that the server optimizes the control parameter database corresponding to the power tool according to the working parameters in the historical database, thereby effectively solving the electric problem
  • the limited storage space of the tool and the limited processing speed of the control unit are beneficial to improve the efficiency of use of the power tool.
  • portions of the invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof.
  • multiple steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system.
  • a suitable instruction execution system For example, if implemented in hardware and in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or combination of the following techniques well known in the art: discrete with logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals Logic circuits, application specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.
  • the integrated modules, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as stand-alone products, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above mentioned storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un outil électrique et un procédé de commande. L'outil électrique comprend : une partie de connexion de batterie, la partie de connexion de batterie servant à connecter un premier bloc-batterie et un second bloc-batterie d'une manière pouvant être déconnectée, et une tension de sortie nominale du premier bloc-batterie étant supérieure à une tension de sortie nominale du second bloc-batterie ; un moteur électrique servant de source d'alimentation ; une unité de pilotage située entre la partie de connexion de batterie et le moteur électrique, et comprenant un tube de commutation de puissance servant à piloter le fonctionnement du moteur électrique ; et une unité de commande servant à délivrer un signal de commande à une extrémité de commande du tube de commutation de puissance, et permettant d'adapter le moteur électrique à la tension de sortie nominale du premier bloc-batterie ou du second bloc-batterie par un réglage d'un rapport cyclique du signal de commande de sorte qu'une vitesse de rotation du moteur électrique soit égale à une vitesse de rotation prédéfinie, une tension nominale du moteur électrique étant inférieure à la tension de sortie nominale du premier bloc-batterie et/ou du second bloc-batterie.
PCT/CN2019/083240 2018-04-18 2019-04-18 Outil électrique et procédé de commande WO2019201300A1 (fr)

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EP4109702A1 (fr) * 2021-06-23 2022-12-28 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Machine-outil pourvu d'au moins deux accumulateurs et procédé de mise en uvre d'une égalisation de charge entre les au moins deux accumulateurs de la machine-outil
CN115723576A (zh) * 2022-12-09 2023-03-03 潍柴动力股份有限公司 一种车辆低压电源的亏电保护系统、控制方法及装置
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WO2021196581A1 (fr) * 2020-03-31 2021-10-07 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 Système de commande pour bloc de commande électrique
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EP4358258A1 (fr) * 2021-06-15 2024-04-24 Globe (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd. Dispositif d'alimentation électrique de type sac à dos et système d'outils de type sac à dos
CN115395825A (zh) * 2022-08-30 2022-11-25 江苏东成工具科技有限公司 一种电动工具及控制方法
CN115517092B (zh) * 2022-09-27 2023-05-16 佛山市华易科技有限公司 一种传动式绝缘降噪高枝锯
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EP4109702A1 (fr) * 2021-06-23 2022-12-28 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Machine-outil pourvu d'au moins deux accumulateurs et procédé de mise en uvre d'une égalisation de charge entre les au moins deux accumulateurs de la machine-outil
CN114063526A (zh) * 2021-11-22 2022-02-18 江苏科技大学 一种电机档位控制电路和控制方法
CN114063526B (zh) * 2021-11-22 2024-04-23 江苏科技大学 一种电机档位控制电路和控制方法
US11850969B1 (en) 2022-08-23 2023-12-26 Intercontinental Mobility Company Portable motorized vehicles
CN115723576A (zh) * 2022-12-09 2023-03-03 潍柴动力股份有限公司 一种车辆低压电源的亏电保护系统、控制方法及装置

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CN110401385A (zh) 2019-11-01

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