WO2019201124A1 - 一种使用电子开关执行主备切换的通信方法和设备 - Google Patents

一种使用电子开关执行主备切换的通信方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019201124A1
WO2019201124A1 PCT/CN2019/082003 CN2019082003W WO2019201124A1 WO 2019201124 A1 WO2019201124 A1 WO 2019201124A1 CN 2019082003 W CN2019082003 W CN 2019082003W WO 2019201124 A1 WO2019201124 A1 WO 2019201124A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
link
electronic switch
control board
message
period
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/082003
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张锋
陈井凤
李春荣
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2019201124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019201124A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4604—LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay
    • H04L12/462—LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0631—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using root cause analysis; using analysis of correlation between notifications, alarms or events based on decision criteria, e.g. hierarchy, tree or time analysis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0663—Performing the actions predefined by failover planning, e.g. switching to standby network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0668—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery by dynamic selection of recovery network elements, e.g. replacement by the most appropriate element after failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0677—Localisation of faults

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus for performing active/standby switching using an electronic switch.
  • Network devices can communicate with other network devices through an internal interface board.
  • the electronic switch can be used to realize the signal transmission inside the interface board.
  • the electronic switch refers to the operation unit that uses the electronic circuit and the power electronic device to realize the circuit continuity.
  • the interface board of the electronic switch removes the physical coding sublayer (PCS) module and the media access control (MAC) module, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing cost and power consumption.
  • PCS physical coding sublayer
  • MAC media access control
  • a network device that uses an electronic switch performs an internal physical-standby switchover. Due to the lack of physical layer processing of the PCS module, an unstable physical layer signal is sent out, which triggers port switching between devices. Switching takes a long time.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method and device, which helps reduce the time taken for the network device that uses the electronic switch to complete the active/standby switchover.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the method includes: first, the primary control board in the first device sends a notification message to the second device via the electronic switch and the electronic switch in the first device to the second device, the notification message is used to indicate The second device does not send an alarm message to the first device for a period of time, the alarm message is used to notify the first device that the first link is faulty, and the time period starts when the second device detects that the first link fails.
  • the first device performs switching, which refers to disconnecting the first connection of the main control board to the electronic switch, and connecting the second connection of the standby control board to the electronic switch; then, the standby control board is connected via the second connection, the electronic The switch and the first link send a service message to the second device.
  • the first device sends a notification message to the second device, to instruct the second device to avoid sending an alert message to the first device for a period of time after detecting the link failure. Therefore, although the physical layer signal sent to the second device is unstable during the active/standby switching of the first device, the port switching is not caused, thereby reducing the time required to complete the active/standby switchover.
  • the first device disconnects the first connection of the main control board to the electronic switch, turns on the standby control board to the second connection of the electronic switch, detects the abnormality of the main control board, and then goes to the electronic switch. Transmitting a switching signal for triggering the electronic switch to perform switching, the switching means disconnecting the first connection and turning on the second connection.
  • the electronic switch receives the second link from the second device to the first device.
  • the service packet of the second device sends the service packet received from the second device to the main control board via the electronic switch to the third connection of the main control board, and the service packet received from the second device is electronically switched to
  • the fourth connection of the standby control board is sent to the standby control board.
  • the electronic switch can send the service message received from the second device to the primary control board and the standby control board at the same time.
  • the second link and the first link are connected to the same physical port of the first device. Therefore, during the execution of the switching of the electronic switch of the first device, the service packet sent by the second device is not affected, that is, the traffic of the second device to the first device is not interrupted, and the communication efficiency is improved.
  • the electronic switch receives an alarm message from the second device via the second device to the second link of the first device, and the alarm message is used for Notifying the first device that the first link has failed.
  • the second link and the first link are connected to the same physical port of the first device.
  • the first device still receives the alarm message, indicating that the first link has a failure caused by the non-active/standby switchover, and the first device and the second device can switch the port to resume communication, thereby improving communication. Security.
  • the notification message includes a flag bit that identifies the first device to use an electronic switch.
  • the second device can know that the first device uses the electronic switch according to the notification message, and also that the first device sends an unstable physical layer signal when the handover is subsequently performed, and does not need to be unstable for a period of time.
  • the physical layer signal returns an alarm message, which can avoid causing port switching.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the method includes: first, the second device receives, by using a first link from the first device to the second device, a notification message sent by the first device, where the notification message is used to indicate that the second device avoids sending to the first device for a period of time
  • the alarm message is used to notify the first device that the first link is faulty, and the time period starts when the second device detects that the first link is faulty.
  • the second device detects that the first link is faulty. Thereafter, the second device avoids sending an alert message to the first device during the period of time.
  • the second device sends a service message to the first device via the second device to the second link of the first device.
  • the second link and the first link are connected to the same physical port of the second device. Therefore, the traffic of the second device to the first device is not interrupted for a period of time after the second device detects that the first link is faulty, thereby improving communication efficiency.
  • the second device determines that the fault still exists after a period of time, and based on the fault that still exists after the end of the period, the second device sends the first device to notify the first device of the first link. An alarm message of the fault occurred. After the period of time, the second device detects that the fault of the first link still exists, indicating that the fault occurs due to the non-active/standby switchover on the first link, and the second device sends an alarm to the first device by using the second link. A message to inform the first device to switch ports to resume communication, thereby increasing the security of the communication.
  • the notification message includes a flag bit that identifies the first device to use an electronic switch.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which is used as a first device.
  • the first device includes a main control board, a standby control board, and an electronic switch.
  • the main control board is configured to send a notification message to the second device by using the electronic switch and the electronic switch to the second device, where the notification message is used to indicate that the second device does not send the alarm message to the first device for a period of time.
  • the alarm message is used to notify the first device that the first link is faulty, and the time period starts when the second device detects that the first link fails.
  • the standby control board is used to trigger the electronic switch to perform the switching, which is to disconnect the first connection of the main control board to the electronic switch, and to connect the second connection of the standby control board to the electronic switch.
  • the standby control board is further configured to send a service message to the second device via the second connection, the electronic switch, and the first link.
  • the standby control board before the triggering of the electronic switch to perform the switching, is further configured to: after detecting the abnormality of the main control board, send a switching signal to the electronic switch, and the switching signal is used to trigger the electronic switch to perform the switching.
  • the electronic switch is further configured to: receive, by the second device to the second link of the first device, a service message from the second device, the second link and the first chain, during the performing handover
  • the road is connected to the same physical port of the first device; the service packet received from the second device is sent to the main control board via the electronic switch to the third control board of the main control board; and the service packet received from the second device is sent
  • the fourth connection of the electronic switch to the standby control board is sent to the standby control board.
  • the notification message includes a flag bit that identifies the first device to use an electronic switch.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which is used as a second device.
  • the second device includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory.
  • the processor is operative to execute instructions included in the memory to perform the operations performed by the second device in any of the possible aspects of the second aspect and the second aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, including the first device in any possible design of the third aspect or the third aspect, and the fourth aspect or the fourth aspect, in any possible design Second device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored therein that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the first aspect or the first aspect The operation performed by the first device in a possible design method.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored in a computer, when executed on a computer, causing the computer to perform the second aspect or the second aspect The operation performed by the second device in a possible design method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communications device.
  • the communication device comprises means for performing the first device function of the method of any of the possible aspects of the first aspect or the first aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device comprises means for performing the second device function of the method of any of the possible aspects of the second aspect or the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an access layer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of an interface board implemented using an FPGA or ASIC
  • Figure 4 shows the structure of an interface board implemented by an electronic switch
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 shows the structure of a communication device.
  • the peer device may obtain an unstable physical layer signal in a period of time during which the local device performs the active/standby switch normally according to the notification message.
  • the peer device does not need to return an alarm message for the unstable physical layer signal for a period of time when the link fault is detected. Therefore, the peer device avoids returning the alarm message within a period of detecting the link fault to avoid triggering the port switch. It helps to reduce the time-consuming switching between active and standby.
  • the duration of the link fault exceeds a certain length, it indicates that the link fault is not the fault caused by the active/standby switchover.
  • the peer device returns an alarm message to the local device to trigger the port switch. Resume communication when the link fails.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the network 100 can be divided into three layers: a core layer, an aggregation layer, and an access layer from top to bottom.
  • the user equipment is connected to the network through the access layer device, and the access layer device is further connected to the core layer device via the convergence layer device, and the core layer device is responsible for high-speed exchange of the network.
  • the user equipment 105 and the user equipment 106 in FIG. 1 can access the network 100 via the access layer device 101, and the user equipment 107 can access the network 100 via the access layer device 103.
  • the access layer can include an access ring and an access ring.
  • the device 102, the device 101, the device 103, and the device 104 are sequentially connected, and the aggregation layer may include an aggregation ring, and the device 117, the device 115, the device 116, and the device 118 in the aggregation ring are sequentially connected.
  • the device 102 and the device 104 in the access ring are respectively connected to the device 115 and the device 116 in the aggregation ring, whereby the access ring is connected to the aggregation ring.
  • the device 117 and the device 118 in the aggregation ring are connected to the core layer device 120 and the device 121, respectively, whereby the aggregation ring is connected to the core layer device.
  • any one of the user equipment 105, the user equipment 106, and the user equipment 107 in FIG. 1 is, for example, a base transceiver station (BTS), an evolved node B (e-UTRAN Node B, eNodeB), and a wireless access point (access).
  • Point, AP), server and host, etc. the network is, for example, a packet transport network (PTN), device 101, device 102, device 103, device 104, device 115 to device 124 may be a PTN device, such as device 101 Any one of the device 102, the device 103, and the device 104 is a Huawei PTN 950 or a Huawei PTN 910. Any one of the devices 115 to 118 is a Huawei PTN 1900 and a PTN 3900.
  • PTN packet transport network
  • any one of the devices 119 to 124 is a Huawei PTN 3900.
  • the above network structure, device type, and device number are only examples, and the application is not limited to the above network structure, device type, and device number.
  • the device 101 or the device 102 may connect 1, 2, and 3 to any of a plurality of access layer devices, and may also connect 1, 2, and 3 to any of a plurality of user devices.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an access layer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the access layer device can be the device 101 of FIG.
  • Access layer devices typically have a height of 1 U or 2 U and may also be referred to as a box device.
  • the electronic industries alliance (EIA) stipulates that 1U is 4.445 cm and 2U is 8.89 cm.
  • the box device includes two control boards and a plurality of interface boards for connecting to other devices. One of the two control boards is used as the main control board 201, and the other is used as the standby control board 202.
  • the main control board 201 communicates with other devices through the interface board, such as other boxes in the access ring.
  • the device, aggregation layer device, or user device communicates.
  • the other device may also be a core layer device letter.
  • the main control board 201 can communicate with the device 102, the device 103, the user device 105, and the user device 106 through the interface board 203, the interface board 204, the interface board 205, and the interface board 206, respectively.
  • the main control board 201 can also communicate with a plurality of other devices through one interface board.
  • the standby control board 202 can communicate with other devices instead of the main control board.
  • the interface board can communicate with other devices at a rate of 25 gigabits per second (Gbps), 50 Gbps, or 100 Gbps.
  • the control panel of the cartridge device can include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor for storing instructions for reading, by the processor, the functions of control management and data exchange of the control panel.
  • the memory for storing instructions can also be integrated into the processor.
  • the processor may be either one of an LSW chip and a network processor (NP) for implementing a local area network switch (LSW) function, or a combination of both.
  • the processor may refer to one processor or multiple processors.
  • the above memory for storing instructions may include a volatile memory such as a random-access memory (RAM), or may include a non-volatile memory such as a read-only memory. Read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state disk (SSD).
  • the memory may also include a combination of the above types of memories.
  • the memory may refer to one memory or a plurality of memories.
  • the interface board can have two structures, one is implemented by a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and the other is implemented by an electronic switch. .
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FIG. 3 shows an interface board 203 of FIG. 2 as an example, showing the structure of an interface board implemented by using an FPGA or an ASIC.
  • the structure of the interface board 203 shown in FIG. 3 can be applied to any of the interface boards in FIG.
  • the interface board 203 includes a PCS module 301, a MAC module 302, a PCS module 303, a MAC module 304, a PCS module 305, and a MAC module 306.
  • the PCS module is responsible for data processing of the physical coding sublayer PCS
  • the MAC module is responsible for data processing of the MAC layer.
  • the main control board 201 can send a message to the other device, such as the device 102, via the PCS module 301, the MAC module 302, the MAC module 306, and the PCS module 305, for example, an alarm message or a service message.
  • the control board responsible for transmitting the message is switched from the main control board 201 to the standby control board 203.
  • the physical layer signal received by the PCS module 305 from the primary control board 201 is interrupted.
  • the PCS module 305 performs a physical layer function, which includes transmitting an idle signal to other devices, such as the device 102, to avoid Other devices, such as device 102, determine that the physical layer link of device 101 to device 102 has failed.
  • Figure 4 shows the structure of an interface board implemented using an electronic switch.
  • the structure of the interface board 203 shown in FIG. 4 can be applied to any interface board in FIG. 2.
  • the interface board except the interface board 203 in the device 101 of FIG. 4 is not shown.
  • the interface board 203 of FIG. 4 removes the PCS module and the MAC module, and the main control board 201 and the standby control board 202 can communicate with other devices, such as the device 102, via the electronic switch 401 on the interface board 203.
  • the electronic switch 401 receives the data transmitted by the device 102 via the link 404, the received data is simultaneously sent to the main control board 201 and the standby control board 202 via the circuit 407 and the circuit 408.
  • the electronic switch 401 can include a master select pin 402.
  • the master control board 201 can send a switch signal to the master select pin 402 via the circuit 409.
  • the slave control board 202 can send a switch signal to the master select pin 402 via the circuit 410.
  • the switching signal is used to trigger the electronic switch 401 to perform switching.
  • the electronic switch 401 performs switching, which may be to open the circuit 405 and turn on the circuit 406, whereby the electronic switch is switched from the data transmitted by the receiving main control board to the data sent by the receiving standby control board, and realizes from the main control board to the standby control board. Switching.
  • the electronic switch 401 performs switching, which may also be to open the circuit 406 and turn on the circuit 405, whereby the electronic switch is switched from the data sent by the receiving standby control board to the data sent by the receiving main control board, from the standby control board to the main control. Board switching.
  • the electronic switch 401 can be triggered to switch between receiving the data transmitted by the main control board 201 and receiving the data sent by the standby control board 202, that is, Active/standby switchover.
  • the main control board 201 and the standby control board 202 can mutually detect the state through the circuit 411 to trigger the active/standby switching. For example, when the circuit 405 is turned on and the circuit 406 is turned off, the standby control board 202 can detect the status of the main control board 201.
  • the main control board 201 After detecting that the main control board 201 is abnormal, for example, not in the bit (ie, the control board is not in the slot for inserting the control board in the box device) or hardware abnormality, sending a switching signal to the active/standby selection pin 402, triggering The electronic switch 401 performs switching, which is to open the circuit 405 and turn on the circuit 406. Similarly, when the circuit 406 is turned on and the circuit 405 is turned off, the main control board 201 can detect the state of the standby control board 202, and after detecting that the standby control board 202 is abnormal, for example, the bit is not in place or the hardware is abnormal, the main control tube is selected. The foot 402 sends a switching signal that triggers the electronic switch 401 to perform a switch, which is to open the circuit 406 and turn on the circuit 405.
  • the interface board implemented with the electronic switch reduces cost and power consumption by removing the PCS module and the MAC module.
  • the physical layer signal that the electronic switch 401 sends to other devices such as device 102
  • the device 102 will detect that the physical layer link 403 of the device 101 to the device 102 has failed.
  • the fault may be the Institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.3.
  • IEEE Institute of electrical and electronics engineers
  • the physical layer link fault detection manner may be that the device 102 determines that a link failure linkdown occurs between the device 101 and the physical layer link 403 of the device 102 after the device 101 continuously receives four invalid code groups. After detecting the linkdown, the device 102 will generate a local fault, stop the link 404 from the device 102 to the device 101, and send a service packet to the device 101, and send a remote alarm to the device 101 via the link 404. In order to notify the device 101 that the link 403 has failed, then the device 101 and the device 102 will simultaneously perform port switching in order to resume communication, which will result in a long time for the active/standby switchover on the device 101.
  • the link 403 and the link 404 can be connected to the same physical port of the device 101.
  • the device 101 can simultaneously receive data from the link 404 and send data to the link 403 via the same physical port.
  • the same physical port can be located on the interface board 203.
  • the link 403 and the link 404 may be two opposite-direction links on a single fiber, or two opposite-direction links on two fibers.
  • Link 403 and link 404 can also be connected to the same physical port of device 102.
  • Device 102 can simultaneously receive data from link 403 and transmit data to link 404 via the same physical port of device 102, the same physical port of device 102. It can be located on the interface board of device 102 or on the transceiver of device 102.
  • the above device 101 and device 102 perform port switching means that both the device 101 and the device 102 switch the physical port for bidirectional communication with the other party to another physical port.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method shown in FIG. 5 is exemplified by the device 101 and the device 102 shown in FIG. 4, and includes the following content.
  • the main control board 201 transmits a notification message to the device 102 via the electronic switch 401 and the link 403.
  • the device 101 can send a notification message to the device 102 at initialization, when establishing a connection with the device 102 for the first time, or at any time prior to performing an active/standby switch.
  • the notification message is used to instruct the device 102 to avoid sending an alert message to the device 101 for a period of time.
  • the alarm message is used to notify the device 101 that the link 403 has failed.
  • the notification message may include a flag bit for identifying that device 101 is using an electronic switch.
  • the flag bit is 1 bit.
  • the device 101 does not use an electronic switch.
  • the flag bit is 1, the device 101 uses an electronic switch.
  • the flag bit is 1, the device 102 is instructed for a period of time. Avoid sending an alert message to device 101.
  • the device 102 detects that the flag bit in the notification message is 1, it can be known that the device 101 uses the electronic switch, that is, it is known in advance that if the device 101 performs the active/standby switchover, the physical layer signal received from the device 101 will appear for a period of time. Stable, and then, after detecting the failure of link 403, avoid sending an alert message to device 101 for a period of time.
  • the length of the period of time may be preset, for example, preset by an administrator or a manufacturer according to the length of time required for the electronic switch 401 to switch.
  • the flag bit is a plurality of bits, and the value of the flag bit indicates the length of the time period, and the value of the flag bit may also indicate whether the device 101 uses an electronic switch, for example, when the plurality of bit values are 0, the device is indicated. 101 does not use an electronic switch, and when the value is not 0, the pointing device 101 uses an electronic switch.
  • the device 102 detects that the value of the flag bit in the notification message is non-zero, it can be known that the device 101 uses the electronic switch and can know the length of the time period.
  • the device 102 After detecting that the link 403 is faulty, the device 102 is in the segment. Avoid sending an alert message to device 101 for the length of time.
  • the flag bit is a plurality of bits, and the value of the flag bit is an index value.
  • the device 102 detects the index value in the notification message, it can be learned that the device 101 uses the electronic switch and searches for the time corresponding to the index value.
  • the length of the length corresponding to the index value is the length of the period of time. For example, if the length of the index value is 20 nanoseconds (ns), the device 102 avoids the fault within 20 ns after detecting that the link 403 fails.
  • the device 101 sends an alert message.
  • the manner in which the device 102 avoids sending an alert message to the device 101 may be that no processing is performed for linkdown for a period of time when the link fault is detected, or no processing is performed for the received local fault or the received local fault is discarded.
  • the alarm sending module for sending the alarm message to the device 101 is suppressed for a period of time after the link fault is detected, and the alarm sending module is disabled for a period of time, and the alarm message is not sent to the device 101 during the period of time.
  • the foregoing period of time may start when the device 102 detects that the link 403 fails, and the fault detection mode is, for example, the detection manner of the link failure linkdown.
  • the device 102 avoids sending an alert message to the device 101 within a period of detecting that the link 403 fails. Therefore, during the active/standby switchover, the device 101 does not receive the physical layer signal sent by the device 101 to the device 102.
  • the alert message sent to device 102 prevents the device 101 and device 102 from switching ports for communicating with each other.
  • the alarm message is a packet carrying alarm information, and the alarm information is used to indicate that the link is faulty.
  • the service packet is a packet that does not carry the alarm information, and the service packet can be used to exchange data in the communication.
  • a service message can carry a notification message.
  • the device 102 receives the notification message sent by the device 101 via the link 403.
  • the device 101 performs switching.
  • the device 101 performs a switch, which may be to disconnect the main control board 201 to the electronic switch 401, such as circuit 405, to connect the backup control board 202 to the electronic switch 401, such as circuit 406.
  • the device 101 performs switching, for example, the standby control board 202 transmits a switching signal to the electronic switch 401 via the circuit 410, and the switching signal is used to trigger the electronic switch 401 to perform the switching.
  • the standby control board 202 can send a switching signal to the main selection pin 402 of the electronic switch 401, and trigger the electronic switch 401 to perform the above switching. .
  • the traffic of the device 102 to the device 101 may be uninterrupted, that is, the device 102 may still send the service message to the device 101.
  • the device 102 can send a service packet to the device 101 via the link 404.
  • the electronic switch 401 can connect the received service packet to the main control board 201 via the electronic switch 401, for example, a circuit.
  • 407 sends to the standby control board 201, and transmits the received service message to the standby control board 202 via a connection of the electronic switch 401 to the standby control board 202, for example, circuit 408.
  • Link 403 and link 404 can be connected to the same physical port of device 101.
  • Link 403 and link 404 can also be connected to the same physical port of device 102.
  • the physical layer signal sent to the device 102 may be unstable, and the device 102 may detect that the link 403 is faulty, for example, the fault is Linkdown causes device 102 to generate a local fault.
  • the device 102 has learned in advance that the device 101 generates an unstable physical layer signal during the active/standby switchover according to the notification message.
  • the device 102 detects that the link 403 is faulty, for a period of time.
  • An alert message is sent to the device 101 to notify the device 101 that the link 403 has failed, which may begin when the device 102 detects that the link 403 has failed.
  • the device 102 may start a timer when it detects that the link 403 is down.
  • the duration of the timer is the length of the period of time in S501.
  • the device 102 can continuously determine whether the linkdown still exists according to the coded signal of the message received from the device 101. For example, when four invalid code groups are continuously received, it is determined that the linkdown still exists.
  • Device 102 avoids sending an alert message to device 101 before the timer expires. For the manner of avoiding sending an alarm message in S504, refer to the content in S501, and details are not described herein again.
  • the device 102 After the device 101 performs the active/standby switchover and disconnects the connection between the main control board 201 and the electronic switch 401, the device 102 detects that the link 403 is faulty, starts a timer, and avoids sending an alarm to the device 101 before the timer expires. The message, therefore, although the device 101 generates an unstable physical signal during the active/standby switchover, the device 102 does not return an alert message, and thus does not cause the device 101 and the device 102 to perform port switching.
  • the standby control board 202 sends a service message to the device 102 via the electronic switch 401 and the link 403.
  • the standby control board 202 transmits a service message to the electronic switch 401 via the connection of the standby control board 202 to the electronic switch 401, for example, the circuit 406.
  • the electronic switch 401 transmits the service message received from the standby control board 202 to the device 102 via the link 403.
  • the standby control board 202 After the device 101 completes the active/standby switchover, the standby control board 202 sends a service message to the device 102 via the electronic switch 401 and the link 403, and the communication between the device 101 and the device 102 returns to normal.
  • the fault of the link 403 may be caused by the device 101 performing the active/standby switchover, or may be caused by other reasons such as the non-active/standby switchover.
  • the optical module used when the device 101 sends data to the device 102 is damaged or the optical fiber used as the link 403 is damaged. disconnect.
  • the duration of the link failure caused by other reasons other than the active/standby switchover is greater than the time required for the electronic switch to perform the active/standby switchover.
  • S506, S507, and S508 may be performed to handle the link failure caused by other causes.
  • the device 102 determines that the fault of the link 403 still exists after the end of the previous period of time, and sends an alert message to the device 101 via the link 404.
  • the device 102 can detect whether the fault of the link 403 still exists. If it is determined that the fault still exists, it indicates that the fault is not caused by the active/standby switchover, that is, the device 101 is If S503 is not executed but the link 403 fails due to the non-active/standby switchover, the device 102 sends an alert message to the device 101 via the link 404 to notify the device 101 chain based on the fault still occurring after the end of the period of time.
  • the path 403 fails, whereby the device 101 and the device 102 perform port switching in order to resume communication in response to a link failure caused by the non-active/standby switchover.
  • the device 101 does not perform S503 and S505, and the device 102 performs the detection of the fault caused by the other cause, and avoids sending the alarm message for a period of time. If the fault persists after the time, that is, the duration of the fault exceeds the time required for the electronic switch to perform the active/standby switchover, an alarm message is sent to the device 101, and if the fault does not exist after the period of time, the device 101 is not sent. Alarm message.
  • the mode in which the device 102 detects the fault of the link 403 in S506 refer to the description of the fault detection mode in S504.
  • the device 102 in S506 determines whether the time period described in S504 is over, and can be implemented by determining whether the timer described in S504 is up.
  • the device 102 performs port switching.
  • the device 102 After transmitting the alarm message to the device 101, the device 102 stops transmitting traffic to the device 101, stops sending packets to the device 101, performs port switching, and switches the port that communicates with the device 101 to another port of the device 102.
  • the device 101 performs port switching.
  • the device 101 After receiving the alarm message sent by the device 102, the device 101 performs port switching, and switches the port that communicates with the device 102 to another port of the device 101.
  • device 101 and device 102 perform port switching, and device 101 resumes communication with another port of device 102 using another port of device 101. Therefore, the method shown in FIG. 5 can not only handle the link failure caused by the active/standby switchover, but also the link failure caused by other causes of the non-active/standby switchover.
  • the device 101 communicates with the device 102.
  • the method can also be used for the device 102 to communicate with the device 5, the device 102 to communicate with the device 101, the device 101 to communicate with the device 103, and the device 103 and the device 104.
  • Communication or device 104 is in communication with device 6. That is to say, the method can be used for communication between the box device of the access layer and other box devices, aggregation layer devices or core layer devices, thereby reducing the time required for performing the active/standby switchover on the box device.
  • FIG. 4 also shows the structure of a communication device including a main control board 201, a standby control board 202, and an electronic switch 401, wherein the functions of the main control board 201, the standby control board 202, and the electronic switch 401 are performed. See the method shown in Figure 5.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 4 can be applied to any box device of the access layer, such as one or more of device 101, device 102, device 103, and device 104 in FIG. 4 is an example in which the structure is applied to the device 101, and the functions of the components in the communication device may include the following.
  • the main control board 201 is configured to send a notification message to the device 102 via the electronic switch 401 and the link 403.
  • the notification message is used to instruct the device 102 to avoid sending an alarm message to the device 101 for a period of time.
  • the alarm message is used to notify the device 101 chain.
  • the path 403 fails, and the period of time begins when the device 102 detects that the link 403 has failed.
  • the standby control board 202 is configured to trigger the electronic switch 401 to perform switching.
  • the switching refers to disconnecting the first connection of the main control board 201 to the electronic switch 401, such as the circuit 405, and turning on the standby control board 202 to the second of the electronic switch 401.
  • the connection is for example circuit 406.
  • the standby control board 202 is further configured to send a service message to the device 102 via the second connection, the electronic switch 401, and the link 403.
  • the standby control board 202 may also be configured to: detect that the main control board 201 is abnormal, and send a switching signal to the electronic switch 401 for triggering the electronic switch 401 to perform the switching before the electronic switch 401 is triggered to perform the switching.
  • the electronic switch 401 can also be used to: during the execution of the switching:
  • link 403 and link 404 are connected to the same physical port of device 101;
  • the service message received from the device 102 is sent to the main control board 201 via the electronic switch 401 to the third connection of the main control board 201, for example, the circuit 407;
  • the service message received from device 102 is sent to the fourth connection of standby control board 202 via electronic switch 401, such as circuit 408, to alternate control board 202.
  • the electronic switch 401 can also be used to: receive an alarm message from the device 102 via the link 404 of the device 102 to the device 101, the alarm message is used to notify the device 101 that the link 403 has failed.
  • the notification message can include a flag bit that identifies device 101 using an electronic switch.
  • Fig. 6 shows the structure of a communication device.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 6 can be applied to any access layer box device, aggregation layer device, and core layer device, such as one or more of device 101, device 102, device 103, device 104, device 5, and device 6 in FIG.
  • the structure can also be applied to one or more of the device 10 and the device 11, so that the communication device and the access layer box Device communication.
  • 6 is an example in which the structure is applied to the device 102.
  • the device 101 can be used as the first device.
  • the communication device shown in Figure 6 includes a memory 602 for storing instructions, and a processor 601 coupled to the memory.
  • the processor 601 reads the instructions stored in the memory 602 and performs some or all of the operations performed by the device 102 in the method illustrated in FIG.
  • the memory 602 can also be integrated into the processor 601.
  • the communication device can also include a transceiver 603 in which the transceiver 603, the processor 601 and the memory 602 can be interconnected by a bus, or when the memory 602 is integrated inside the processor 601, the transceiver 603 directly interfaces with the processor 601 coupling.
  • the processor 601 can receive data transmitted by other devices via the transceiver 603 or send data to other devices, such as receiving a notification message and receiving a message from the link 403 via the transceiver 603, such as sending an alert to the link 404 via the transceiver 603. Messages and send messages.
  • the processor 601 may be any one of a central processing unit (CPU), an NP and an LSW, or a combination of any two or three of the three.
  • the processor 601 may be a processor or a plurality of processors.
  • Memory 602 can include volatile memory, such as RAM; memory 602 can also include non-volatile memory, such as ROM, flash memory, HDD or SSD; memory 602 can also include a combination of the types of memory described above.
  • the memory 602 may refer to one memory or a plurality of memories.
  • the transceiver 603 can be a wired transceiver, a wireless transceiver, or a combination thereof.
  • the wired transceiver can be, for example, an Ethernet interface.
  • the Ethernet interface can be an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof.
  • the wireless transceiver can be, for example, a wireless local area network transceiver, a cellular network transceiver, or a combination thereof.
  • the transceiver can for example be an interface board.
  • the processor and the memory may be located on the main control board or the standby control board, and the transceiver may be located on the interface board, wherein the memory may also be integrated in the processor.
  • the method steps described in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embedded in hardware, a software unit executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
  • the software unit can be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium in the art.
  • the storage medium can be coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and can store information to the storage medium, which can also be integrated into the processor.
  • the size of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution sequence, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be taken by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any qualification.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transfer to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (eg, an SSD) or the like.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种使用电子开关执行主备切换的通信方法和设备。在一种通信方法中，第一设备中的主用控制板经由电子开关和电子开关到第二设备的第一链路向第二设备发送通知消息，通知消息用于指示第二设备在一段时间内避免向第一设备发送告警消息；第一设备断开主用控制板到电子开关的第一连接，接通备用控制板到电子开关的第二连接；备用控制板经由第二连接、电子开关和第一链路向第二设备发送业务报文。本申请提供的方案，有助于降低使用电子开关执行主备切换的耗时。

Description

一种使用电子开关执行主备切换的通信方法和设备
本申请要求于2018年04月20日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201810362435.9、申请名称为“一种使用电子开关执行主备切换的通信方法和设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种使用电子开关执行主备切换的通信方法和设备。
背景技术
网络设备可以通过内部的接口板(interface board)与其他网络设备通信。为降低设备成本和功耗，接口板内部可以使用电子开关实现信号的传递，电子开关是指利用电子电路以及电力电子器件实现电路通断的运行单元。采用电子开关的接口板，去除了物理编码子层(physical coding sublayer，PCS)模块和介质访问控制(media access control，MAC)模块，从而达到降低成本和功耗的目的。采用了电子开关的网络设备，在执行内部主备切换期间，由于缺少了PCS模块的物理层处理，会向外发送不稳定物理层信号，进而触发设备间端口切换，这使得网络设备完成主备切换的耗时较长。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法和设备，有助于降低采用了电子开关的网络设备完成主备切换的耗时。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法。该方法包括：首先，第一设备中的主用控制板经由第一设备中的电子开关和电子开关到第二设备的第一链路向第二设备发送通知消息，该通知消息用于指示第二设备在一段时间内避免向第一设备发送告警消息，该告警消息用于通知第一设备该第一链路发生故障，该一段时间从第二设备检测到第一链路发生故障时开始；其次，第一设备执行切换，该切换是指断开主用控制板到电子开关的第一连接，接通备用控制板到电子开关的第二连接；然后，备用控制板经由第二连接、电子开关和第一链路向第二设备发送业务报文。
第一方面提供的方案中，第一设备将通知消息发送到第二设备，以便指示第二设备在检测到链路故障后的一段时间内避免向第一设备发送告警消息。由此，虽然第一设备执行主备切换期间，向第二设备发送的物理层信号出现不稳定，但这不会引发端口切换，由此降低了完成主备切换的耗时。
在一个可能的设计中，第一设备断开主用控制板到电子开关的第一连接，接通备用控制板到电子开关的第二连接之前，检测到主用控制板异常后，向电子开关发送切换信号，该切换信号用于触发电子开关执行切换，该切换指断开该第一连接，接通该第二连接。采用自动检测故障和主备切换机制可以提高通信安全性。
在一个可能的设计中，第一设备断开第一连接和接通第二连接的期间也即电子开 关执行切换的期间，电子开关经由第二设备到第一设备的第二链路接收来自第二设备的业务报文，将接收自第二设备的业务报文经由电子开关到主用控制板的第三连接发送至主用控制板，将接收自第二设备的业务报文经由电子开关到备用控制板的第四连接发送至备用控制板。电子开关可以同时向主用控制板和备用控制板发送接收自第二设备的业务报文。第二链路和第一链路连接第一设备的同一物理端口。由此，第一设备的电子开关执行切换的期间，不影响接收第二设备发送的业务报文，即第二设备到第一设备的流量不会中断，提高了通信效率。
在一个可能的设计中，第二设备检测到链路故障的一段时间后，电子开关经由第二设备到第一设备的第二链路接收到来自第二设备的告警消息，该告警消息用于通知第一设备第一链路发生故障。第二链路和第一链路连接第一设备的同一物理端口。在该一段时间后，第一设备仍然收到告警消息，表示第一链路发生了非主备切换导致的故障，进而第一设备和第二设备可以切换端口以便恢复通信，由此提高了通信的安全性。
在一个可能的设计中，通知消息包括标志位，标志位标识第一设备使用电子开关。第二设备根据通知消息可以知晓第一设备使用了电子开关，也就会说第一设备在随后执行切换时会发送过来不稳定的物理层信号，在一段时间内并不需要针对该不稳定的物理层信号返回告警消息，进而可以避免引发端口切换。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法。该方法包括：首先，第二设备经由从第一设备到第二设备的第一链路接收第一设备发送的通知消息，通知消息用于指示第二设备在一段时间内避免向第一设备发送告警消息，告警消息用于通知第一设备第一链路发生故障，该一段时间从第二设备检测到第一链路发生故障时开始；其次，在第二设备检测到第一链路发生故障后，在该一段时间内第二设备避免向第一设备发送告警消息。
在一个可能的设计中，在该一段时间内，第二设备经由第二设备到第一设备的第二链路向第一设备发送业务报文。第二链路和第一链路连接第二设备的同一物理端口。由此，第二设备检测到第一链路发生故障后的一段时间内，第二设备到第一设备的流量不会中断，提高了通信效率。
在一个可能的设计中，第二设备确定故障在一段时间结束后仍存在，基于在一段时间结束后仍存在的该故障，第二设备向第一设备发送用于通知第一设备第一链路发生该故障的告警消息。在该一段时间后，第二设备检测到第一链路的故障仍然存在，表示第一链路发生了非主备切换导致的故障，则第二设备经第二链路向第一设备发送告警消息，以便通知第一设备切换端口以便恢复通信，由此提高了通信的安全性。
在一个可能的设计中，通知消息包括标志位，标志位标识第一设备使用电子开关。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备，用作第一设备。第一设备包括主用控制板、备用控制板和电子开关。主用控制板用于经由电子开关和电子开关到第二设备的第一链路向第二设备发送通知消息，通知消息用于指示第二设备在一段时间内避免向第一设备发送告警消息，告警消息用于通知第一设备第一链路发生故障，该一段时间从第二设备检测到第一链路发生故障时开始。备用控制板用于触发电子开关执行切换，该切换是指断开主用控制板到电子开关的第一连接，接通备用控制板到电子 开关的第二连接。备用控制板还用于经由第二连接、电子开关和第一链路向第二设备发送业务报文。
在一个可能的设计中，备用控制板在触发电子开关执行切换之前，还用于：检测到主用控制板异常后，向电子开关发送切换信号，切换信号用于触发电子开关执行切换。
在一个可能的设计中，电子开关在执行切换的期间，还用于：经由第二设备到第一设备的第二链路接收来自第二设备的业务报文，第二链路和第一链路连接第一设备的同一物理端口；将接收自第二设备的业务报文经由电子开关到主用控制板的第三连接发送至主用控制板；将接收自第二设备的业务报文经由电子开关到备用控制板的第四连接发送至备用控制板。
在一个可能的设计中，通知消息包括标志位，标志位标识第一设备使用电子开关。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备，用作第二设备。第二设备包括存储器和与存储器耦合的处理器。处理器用于执行存储器包括的指令，从而执行第二方面及第二方面任一可能的设计中第二设备执行的操作。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信系统，包括第三方面或第三方面任一可能的设计中的第一设备，以及包括第四方面或第四方面任一可能的设计中的第二设备。
第六方面，本申请提实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面任一可能的设计中的方法中第一设备执行的操作。
第七方面，本申请提实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第二方面或第二方面任一可能的设计中的方法中第二设备执行的操作。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备。该通信设备包括用于执行第一方面或第一方面任一可能的设计中的方法中第一设备功能的模块。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信设备。该通信设备包括用于执行第二方面或第二方面任一可能的设计中的方法中第二设备功能的模块。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种网络结构的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种接入层设备的结构示意图；
图3示出了一种采用FPGA或ASIC实现的接口板的结构；
图4示出了一种采用电子开关实现的接口板的结构；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程图；
图6示出了一种通信设备的结构。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例描述的本端设备与对端设备的通信中，对端设备根据通知消息可以提前获知本端设备正常执行主备切换的一段时间内将发出不稳定的物理层信号，也就是说对端设备在检测到链路故障的一段时间内并不需要针对不稳定的物理层信号返回告警消息，因此对端设备在检测到链路故障的一段时间内避免返回告警消息从而避免触发端口切换，有助于降低主备切换的耗时。而当链路故障的持续时间超过一定长度 时，表明链路故障不是主备切换导致的故障，对端设备向本端设备返回告警消息以触发端口切换，由此可以在发生非主备切换导致的链路故障时恢复通信。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种网络结构的示意图。该网络100结构由上至下可以分为核心层、汇聚层和接入层三层。用户设备通过接入层设备接入到网络中，接入层设备进一步经由汇聚层设备连接到核心层设备上，核心层设备负责网络的高速交换。例如图1中用户设备105和用户设备106可以经接入层设备101接入网络100，用户设备107可以经接入层设备103接入网络100，接入层可以包括接入环，接入环中设备102、设备101、设备103和设备104顺次连接，汇聚层可以包括汇聚环，汇聚环中的设备117、设备115、设备116和设备118顺次连接。接入环中的设备102和设备104分别连接汇聚环中的设备115和设备116，由此接入环与汇聚环连接。汇聚环中的设备117和设备118分别连接核心层设备120和设备121，由此汇聚环连接到核心层设备。图1中用户设备105、用户设备106和用户设备107中的任一个例如是基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、演进节点B(E-UTRAN Node B，eNodeB)、无线接入点(access point，AP)、服务器和主机等，该网络例如是分组传送网(packet transport network，PTN)，设备101、设备102、设备103、设备104、设备115至设备124可以是PTN设备，例如设备101、设备102、设备103和设备104中的任一个是华为PTN950或华为PTN910，设备115至设备118中的任一个是华为PTN1900和PTN3900，设备119至设备124中的任一个是华为PTN3900。以上网络结构、设备类型和设备数量仅为一种示例，本申请并不限于以上网络结构、设备类型和设备数量。例如设备101或设备102可以连接1、2、3至任意多个接入层设备，也可以连接1、2、3至任意多个用户设备。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种接入层设备的结构示意图。该接入层设备可以是图1中设备101。接入层设备通常具有1U或2U的高度，也可称为盒式设备。电子工业联盟(electronic industries alliance，EIA)规定1U是4.445厘米，2U是8.89厘米。盒式设备中包括两个控制板和用于与其他设备相连的多个接口板。两个控制板中的一个做为主用控制板201，另一个做为备用控制板202，主用控制板201通过接口板与其他设备通信，该其他设备例如是接入环中的其他盒式设备、汇聚层设备或是用户设备进行通信。当网络中不存在汇聚层时，该其他设备还可以是核心层设备信。例如主用控制板201通过接口板203、接口板204、接口板205和接口板206可以分别与设备102、设备103、用户设备105和用户设备106通信。主用控制板201也可以通过一个接口板与多个其他设备通信。在主用控制板201出现异常时，备用控制板202可以代替主用控制板与其他设备进行通信。接口板与其他设备的通信速率可以是25吉比特每秒(Gbps)、50Gbps或100Gbps。盒式设备的控制板可以包括处理器和与处理器耦合的用于存储指令的存储器，以便由处理器读取该指令执行控制板的控制管理和数据交换的功能。该用于存储指令的存储器也可以集成到处理器内部。该处理器可以是用于实现局域网交换机(local area network switch，LSW)功能的LSW芯片和网络处理器(network processor，NP)两者中的任一个或是两者的组合。该处理器可以是指一个处理器，也可以包括多个处理器。以上用于存储指令的存储器可以包括易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access Memory，RAM)；也可以 包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如只读存储器(read-only memory,ROM)，快闪存储器(flash memory)，硬盘驱动器(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state disk，SSD)。该存储器还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。该存储器可以是指一个存储器，也可以包括多个存储器。
接口板可以有两种结构，一种是采用现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)或专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)实现，另一种是采用电子开关实现。
图3以图2中接口板203为例，示出了一种采用FPGA或ASIC实现的接口板的结构。图3所示接口板203的结构可以应用于图2中任一接口板。为便于展示，图3中设备101中除接口板203以外的接口板未示出。接口板203包括PCS模块301、MAC模块302、PCS模块303、MAC模块304、PCS模块305和MAC模块306，PCS模块负责物理编码子层PCS的数据处理，MAC模块负责MAC层的数据处理。主用控制板201可以经PCS模块301、MAC模块302、MAC模块306、PCS模块305向其他设备例如设备102发送报文，该报文例如是告警消息或业务报文。当主用控制板201出现异常时，负责发送报文的控制板由主用控制板201切换到备用控制板203。切换期间，PCS模块305从主用控制板201收到的物理层信号中断，此时PCS模块305执行物理层功能，该物理层功能包括向其他设备例如设备102发送空闲(idle)信号，以避免其他设备例如设备102认定设备101到设备102的物理层链路发生故障。
图4示出了一种采用电子开关实现的接口板的结构。图4所示接口板203的结构可以应用于图2中任一接口板，为便于展示，图4中设备101中除接口板203以外的接口板未示出。图4所示接口板203去除了PCS模块和MAC模块，主用控制板201和备用控制板202可以经由接口板203上的电子开关401与其他设备例如设备102通信。电子开关401经由链路404接收设备102发送的数据后，将接收的数据经由电路407和电路408同时发往主用控制板201和备用控制板202。主用控制板201和备用控制板202中的一个向电子开关401发送数据，其中主用控制板201经电路405向电子开关401发送数据，备用控制板202经电路406向电子开关401发送数据。电子开关401可以包括主备选择管脚402，主用控制板201可以经由电路409向主备选择管脚402发送切换信号，备用控制板202可以经由电路410向主备选择管脚402发送切换信号，该切换信号用于触发电子开关401执行切换。电子开关401执行切换可以是断开电路405并接通电路406，由此电子开关由接收主用控制板发送的数据切换到接收备用控制板发送的数据，实现从主用控制板到备用控制板的切换。电子开关401执行切换也可以是断开电路406并接通电路405，由此电子开关由接收备用控制板发送的数据切换到接收主用控制板发送的数据，实现从备用控制板到主用控制板的切换。由此通过向主备选择管脚402发送不同的切换信号可以触发电子开关401在接收主用控制板201发送的数据和接收备用控制板202发送的数据两种操作方式之间的切换，即实现主备切换。主用控制板201和备用控制板202可以通过电路411互相检测状态，以便触发主备切换，例如当电路405接通，电路406断开时，备用控制板202可以检测主用控制板201的状态，检测到主用控制板201异常后，例如不在位(即控制板不在盒式设备中用于插入该控制板的插槽中)或者硬件异常，向主备选择管脚402发送 切换信号，触发电子开关401执行切换，该切换是断开电路405，接通电路406。类似地，当电路406接通，电路405断开时，主用控制板201可以检测备用控制板202的状态，检测到备用控制板202异常后，例如不在位或者硬件异常，向主备选择管脚402发送切换信号，触发电子开关401执行切换，该切换是断开电路406，接通电路405。
采用电子开关实现的接口板由于去除了PCS模块和MAC模块，降低了成本和功耗。电子开关在执行切换的期间，即从断开电路405和电路406中的一个到接通电路405和电路406中的另一个的期间，电子开关401发往其他设备例如设备102的物理层信号是不稳定的，由于缺少PCS模块发送idle信号，设备102将检测到设备101到设备102的物理层链路403发生故障，该故障可以是电气电子工程师学会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)802.3规范2008年版本中规定的链路故障linkdown。举例来说，物理层链路故障的检测方式可以是设备102从设备101连续收到4个无效的编码组后就确定设备101到设备102的物理层链路403发生了链路故障linkdown。设备102检测到linkdown后，将产生本地告警(local fault)，停止经由设备102到设备101的链路404向设备101发送业务报文，并经链路404向设备101发送远端告警(remote fault)，以便通知设备101链路403发生故障，随后设备101和设备102将同时进行端口切换以便恢复通信，这将导致设备101上的主备切换需要较长的时间。链路403和链路404可以连接设备101的同一物理端口，设备101经该同一物理端口可以同时从链路404接收数据和向链路403发送数据，该同一物理端口可以位于接口板203上，链路403和链路404可以是单根光纤上两个相反方向的链路，也可以是两根光纤上两个相反方向的链路。链路403和链路404还可以连接设备102的同一物理端口，设备102经设备102的该同一物理端口可以同时从链路403接收数据和向链路404发送数据，该设备102的同一物理端口可以位于设备102的接口板上，也可以位于设备102的收发器上。以上设备101和设备102进行端口切换是指设备101和设备102均将用于与对方双向通信的物理端口切换到另一个物理端口上。
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程图。图5所示方法以图4所示设备101与设备102进行通信为例，包括如下内容。
S501、主用控制板201经由电子开关401和链路403向设备102发送通知消息。
设备101可以在初始化时、初次与设备102建立连接时或是其他执行主备切换前的任一时刻向设备102发送通知消息。该通知消息用于指示设备102在一段时间内避免向设备101发送告警消息。该告警消息用于通知设备101链路403发生故障。
通知消息可以包括用于标识设备101使用电子开关的标志位。在一个示例中，标志位为1个比特，标志位为0时表示设备101未使用电子开关，标志位为1时表示设备101使用了电子开关，标志位为1时指示设备102在一段时间内避免向设备101发送告警消息。设备102检测到通知消息中的标志位为1时，可以获知设备101使用了电子开关，也就是提前获知如果设备101执行主备切换，一段时间内从设备101接收的物理层信号将会出现不稳定，进而在检测到链路403发生故障后，在一段时间内避免向设备101发送告警消息。该一段时间的长度可以是预设的，例如由管理员或制造商根据电子开关401切换所需时间长度预先设定。在另一个示例中，标志位为多个比特，标志位的值指示该一段时间的长度，该标志位的值还可以指示设备101是否使用 电子开关，例如该多个比特值为0时指示设备101未使用电子开关，为非0值时指示设备101使用了电子开关。设备102检测到通知消息中的标志位的值为非0值时，可以获知设备101使用了电子开关并且可以获知该一段时间的长度，设备102在检测到链路403发生故障后，在该一段时间的长度内避免向设备101发送告警消息。在另一个示例中，标志位为多个比特，标志位的值为一个索引值，设备102检测到通知消息中的该索引值时，可以获知设备101使用了电子开关并查找索引值对应的时间长度，该索引值对应的时间长度即为该一段时间的长度，例如索引值对应的时间长度为20纳秒(ns)，则设备102在检测到链路403发生故障后，在20ns内避免向设备101发送告警消息。
设备102避免向设备101发送告警消息的方式可以是在检测到链路故障的一段时间内对于linkdown不做任何处理，或是对于接收到的local fault不做任何处理或者将接收到的local fault丢弃，也可以是在检测到链路故障的一段时间内抑制用于向设备101发送告警消息的告警发送模块，使告警发送模块失效一段时间，在这一段时间内不向设备101发送告警消息。
以上所述一段时间可以从设备102检测到链路403发生故障时开始，故障检测方式例如前述链路故障linkdown的检测方式。设备102在检测到链路403发生故障的一段时间内避免向设备101发送告警消息，由此设备101执行主备切换期间，即使设备101向设备102发送的物理层信号不稳定，也不会收到设备102发送的告警消息，这避免了设备101和设备102切换用于互相通信的端口。该告警消息是一种携带告警信息的报文，该告警信息用于指示链路发生故障。业务报文是不携带该告警信息的报文，业务报文可以用于在通信中交换数据。业务报文中可以携带通知消息。
S502、设备102经由链路403接收设备101发送的通知消息。
S503、设备101执行切换。
设备101执行切换，该切换可以是断开主用控制板201到电子开关401的连接，例如电路405，接通备用控制板202到电子开关401的连接，例如电路406。设备101执行切换例如是备用控制板202经电路410向电子开关401发送切换信号，切换信号用于触发电子开关401执行所述切换。
备用控制板202在检测到主用控制板201异常后，例如主用控制板201不在位或硬件异常，可以向电子开关401的主备选择管脚402发送切换信号，触发电子开关401执行上述切换。
设备101执行切换(例如电子开关401执行切换)的期间，设备102到设备101的流量(即业务报文)可以不中断，即设备102仍然可以向设备101发送业务报文。设备102可以经链路404向设备101发送业务报文，电子开关401接收到设备101发送的业务报文后，可以将接收的业务报文经电子开关401到主用控制板201的连接例如电路407向备用控制板201发送，以及将接收的业务报文经电子开关401到备用控制板202的连接例如电路408向备用控制板202发送。链路403和链路404可以连接设备101的同一物理端口。链路403和链路404还可以连接设备102的同一物理端口。
S504、当设备102检测到链路403发生故障后，在一段时间内避免向设备101发送告警消息。
如前所述，设备101执行主用控制板和备用控制板之间的切换期间，向设备102发送的物理层信号会出现不稳定，设备102会检测到链路403发生故障，例如该故障是linkdown并引发设备102产生local fault。设备102根据通知消息已经提前获知设备101执行主备切换期间会产生不稳定的物理层信号，为避免设备101和设备102进行端口切换，设备102在检测到链路403发生故障时，在一段时间内避免向设备101发送用于通知设备101链路403发生该故障的告警消息，该一段时间可以从设备102检测到链路403发生故障时开始。举例来说，设备102可以在检测到链路403发生linkdown时，启动定时器，定时器的时长是S501中所述一段时间的长度。参见前述对故障检测方式的描述，设备102可以持续根据从设备101接收的报文的编码信号判断linkdown是否仍然存在，例如当连续收到4个无效的编码组后就确定linkdown仍然存在。在定时器到时前，设备102避免向设备101发送告警消息。S504中避免发送告警消息的方式可参照S501中所述内容，在此不再赘述。设备101执行主备切换，断开主用控制板201到电子开关401的连接后，设备102将检测到链路403发生故障，启动定时器，在定时器到时前，避免向设备101发送告警消息，由此，虽然设备101执行主备切换期间产生了不稳定物理信号，但设备102并不会返回告警消息，进而不会引发设备101和设备102进行端口切换。
S505、备用控制板202经由电子开关401和链路403向设备102发送业务报文。
电子开关401完成切换后，备用控制板202经由备用控制板202到电子开关401的连接例如电路406，向电子开关401发送业务报文。电子开关401将接收自备用控制板202的业务报文经由链路403向设备102发送。
设备101完成主备切换后，备用控制板202经由电子开关401和链路403向设备102发送业务报文后，设备101和设备102之间的通信恢复正常。
链路403的故障可以由设备101执行主备切换导致，也可以由非主备切换的其他原因导致，例如设备101向设备102发送数据时使用的光模块损坏或是用做链路403的光纤断开。非主备切换的其他原因导致的链路故障的持续时间大于电子开关执行主备切换所需的时间。在非主备切换的其他原因导致链路发生故障的情况下，可以执行S506、S507和S508以便处理其他原因导致的链路故障。
S506、设备102确定在以上一段时间结束后，链路403的故障仍然存在，则经由链路404向设备101发送告警消息。
以上一段时间结束后，例如该定时器到时时，设备102可以检测链路403的故障是否仍然存在，在确定故障仍然存在的情况下，则表明故障不是由主备切换导致的，即设备101并未执行S503而是由非主备切换的原因导致链路403发生故障，则基于在该一段时间结束后仍然存在该故障，设备102经由链路404向设备101发送告警消息，以便通知设备101链路403发生故障，由此响应于非主备切换导致的链路故障，设备101和设备102进行端口切换以便恢复通信。在非主备切换的原因导致链路403发生故障的情况下，设备101未执行S503和S505，设备102执行S504检测到该其他原因导致的故障，在一段时间内避免发送告警消息，在该一段时间后如果故障仍然存在，即故障的持续时间超过了电子开关执行主备切换所需的时间，则向设备101发送告警消息，在该一段时间后如果故障已不存在，则不向设备101发送告警消息。S506中设 备102检测链路403故障的方式，可以参见S504中对故障检测方式的描述。S506中设备102判断S504所述的一段时间是否结束，可以通过判断S504所述的定时器是否到时来实现。
S507、设备102执行端口切换；
设备102向设备101发送告警消息后，停止向设备101发送流量即停止向设备101发送报文，执行端口切换，将与设备101通信的端口切换到设备102的另一端口。
S508、设备101执行端口切换；
设备101接收到设备102发送的告警消息后，执行端口切换，将与设备102通信的端口切换到设备101的另一端口。由此响应于非主备切换的其他原因导致的链路故障，设备101和设备102进行端口切换，设备101使用设备101的另一端口与设备102的另一端口恢复通信。由此，图5所示方法不仅能够处理主备切换导致的链路故障，也能够处理非主备切换的其他原因导致的链路故障。
图5以设备101与设备102进行通信的方法进行举例，该方法也可以用于图1中设备102与设备5通信、设备102与设备101通信、设备101与设备103通信、设备103与设备104通信或者设备104与设备6通信。也就是说该方法可以用于接入层的盒式设备与其他盒式设备、汇聚层设备或核心层设备之间的通信，从而降低盒式设备上执行主备切换的耗时。
图4还示出了一种通信设备的结构，该通信设备包括主用控制板201、备用控制板202和电子开关401，其中主用控制板201、备用控制板202和电子开关401执行的功能可以参见图5所示方法所述。图4所示结构可以应用于接入层的任意盒式设备，例如图1中设备101、设备102、设备103和设备104中的一个或多个。图4以该结构应用于设备101为例，该通信设备内各部件的功能可以包括以下内容。
主用控制板201，用于经由电子开关401和链路403向设备102发送通知消息，通知消息用于指示设备102在一段时间内避免向设备101发送告警消息，告警消息用于通知设备101链路403发生故障，该一段时间从设备102检测到链路403发生故障时开始。
备用控制板202，用于触发电子开关401执行切换，该切换是指断开主用控制板201到电子开关401的第一连接例如电路405，接通备用控制板202到电子开关401的第二连接例如电路406。
备用控制板202，还用于经由该第二连接、电子开关401和链路403向设备102发送业务报文。
备用控制板202在触发电子开关401执行切换之前，还可以用于：检测到主用控制板201异常，向电子开关401发送切换信号，该切换信号用于触发电子开关401执行所述切换。
电子开关401在执行所述切换的期间，还可以用于：
经由设备102到设备101的链路404接收来自设备102的业务报文,链路403和链路404连接设备101的同一物理端口；
将接收自设备102的业务报文经由电子开关401到主用控制板201的第三连接， 例如电路407，发送至主用控制板201；
将接收自设备102的业务报文经由电子开关401到备用控制板202的第四连接，例如电路408发送至备用控制板202。
电子开关401在所述一段时间后，还可以用于：经由设备102到设备101的链路404接收来自设备102的告警消息，告警消息用于通知设备101链路403发生故障。
通知消息可以包括标志位，该标志位标识设备101使用电子开关。
图6示出了一种通信设备的结构。图6所示结构可以应用于任意接入层盒式设备、汇聚层设备和核心层设备，例如图1中设备101、设备102、设备103、设备104、设备5和设备6中的一个或多个，当图1中不存在汇聚层使得接入层设备直接连接到核心层设备时，该结构还可以应用于设备10和设备11中的一个或多个，使得该通信设备与接入层盒式设备通信。图6以该结构应用于设备102为例，设备102与设备101通信时，设备101可以用作第一设备。图6所示通信设备包括用于存储指令的存储器602，以及与存储器耦合的处理器601。处理器601读取存储器602中存储的指令，执行图5所示方法中设备102执行的部分或全部操作。可选地，存储器602还可以集成到处理器601内部。该通信设备还可以包括收发器603，在该通信设备内部收发器603、处理器601和存储器602可以通过总线互相连接，或者当存储器602集成在处理器601内部时，收发器603直接与处理器601耦合。处理器601可以经收发器603接收其他设备发送的数据或是向其他设备发送数据，例如经收发器603从链路403接收通知消息和接收报文，例如经收发器603向链路404发送告警消息和发送报文。
处理器601可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，NP和LSW三者中任一个，或者三者中任意两个或三个的组合。处理器601可以是指一个处理器，也可以包括多个处理器。存储器602可以包括易失性存储器，例如RAM；存储器602也可以包括非易失性存储器，例如ROM，快闪存储器，HDD或SSD；存储器602还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。存储器602可以是指一个存储器，也可以包括多个存储器。收发器603可以是有线收发器，无线收发器或其组合。有线收发器例如可以为以太网接口。以太网接口可以是光接口，电接口或其组合。无线收发器例如可以为无线局域网收发器，蜂窝网络收发器或其组合。收发器例如可以为接口板。
图6所示通信设备的结构应用到盒式设备时，处理器和存储器可以位于主用控制板或备用控制板上，收发器可以位于接口板上，其中存储器也可以集成在处理器中。
本申请实施例中所描述的方法步骤可以直接嵌入硬件、处理器执行的软件单元、或者这两者的结合。软件单元可以存储于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM或本领域中其它任意形式的存储媒介中。示例性地，存储媒介可以与处理器连接，以使得处理器可以从存储媒介中读取信息，并可以向存储媒介存写信息，存储媒介还可以集成到处理器中。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算 机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如SSD)等。
本说明书的各个部分均采用递进的方式进行描述，各个实施方式之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施方式重点介绍的都是与其他实施方式不同之处。尤其，对于装置和系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例部分的说明即可。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    第一设备中的主用控制板经由所述第一设备中的电子开关和所述电子开关到第二设备的第一链路向所述第二设备发送通知消息，所述通知消息用于指示所述第二设备在一段时间内避免向所述第一设备发送告警消息，所述告警消息用于通知所述第一设备所述第一链路发生故障，所述一段时间从所述第二设备检测到所述第一链路发生所述故障时开始；
    所述第一设备断开所述主用控制板到所述电子开关的第一连接，接通备用控制板到所述电子开关的第二连接；
    所述备用控制板经由所述第二连接、所述电子开关和所述第一链路向所述第二设备发送业务报文。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备断开所述第一连接，接通所述第二连接之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述备用控制板检测到所述主用控制板异常后，向所述电子开关发送切换信号，所述切换信号用于触发所述电子开关断开所述第一连接，接通所述第二连接。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备断开所述第一连接和接通所述第二连接的期间，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子开关经由所述第二设备到所述第一设备的第二链路接收来自所述第二设备的业务报文，所述第二链路和所述第一链路连接所述第一设备的同一物理端口；
    所述电子开关将接收自所述第二设备的业务报文经由所述电子开关到所述主用控制板的第三连接发送至所述主用控制板；
    所述电子开关将接收自所述第二设备的业务报文经由所述电子开关到所述备用控制板的第四连接发送至所述备用控制板。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通知消息包括标志位，所述标志位标识所述第一设备使用电子开关。
  5. 一种通信方法，所述方法包括：
    第二设备经由从第一设备到所述第二设备的第一链路接收所述第一设备发送的通知消息，所述通知消息用于指示所述第二设备在一段时间内避免向所述第一设备发送告警消息，所述告警消息用于通知所述第一设备所述第一链路发生故障，所述一段时间从所述第二设备检测到所述第一链路发生所述故障时开始；
    在所述第二设备检测到所述第一链路发生所述故障后，在所述一段时间内所述第二设备避免向所述第一设备发送所述告警消息。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述一段时间内，所述第二设备经由所述第二设备到所述第一设备的第二链路向所述第一设备发送业务报文，所述第二链路和所述第一链路连接所述第二设备的同一物理端口。
  7. 如权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二设备确定所述故障在所述一段时间结束后仍存在；
    基于在所述一段时间结束后仍存在的所述故障，所述第二设备经由所述第二设备 到所述第一设备的第二链路向所述第一设备发送所述告警消息。
  8. 如权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通知消息包括标志位，所述标志位标识所述第一设备使用电子开关。
  9. 一种通信设备，用作第一设备，其特征在于，所述第一设备包括主用控制板、备用控制板和电子开关；
    所述主用控制板，用于经由所述电子开关和所述电子开关到第二设备的第一链路向所述第二设备发送通知消息，所述通知消息用于指示所述第二设备在一段时间内避免向所述第一设备发送告警消息，所述告警消息用于通知所述第一设备所述第一链路发生故障，所述一段时间从所述第二设备检测到所述第一链路发生所述故障时开始；
    所述备用控制板，用于触发所述电子开关执行切换，所述切换是指断开所述主用控制板到所述电子开关的第一连接，接通所述备用控制板到所述电子开关的第二连接；
    所述备用控制板，还用于经由所述第二连接、所述电子开关和所述第一链路向所述第二设备发送业务报文。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述备用控制板在触发所述电子开关执行切换之前，还用于：
    检测到所述主用控制板异常后，向所述电子开关发送切换信号，所述切换信号用于触发所述电子开关执行所述切换。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述电子开关在执行所述切换的期间，还用于：
    经由所述第二设备到所述第一设备的第二链路接收来自所述第二设备的业务报文，所述第二链路和所述第一链路连接所述第一设备的同一物理端口；
    将接收自所述第二设备的业务报文经由所述电子开关到所述主用控制板的第三连接发送至所述主用控制板；
    将接收自所述第二设备的业务报文经由所述电子开关到所述备用控制板的第四连接发送至所述备用控制板。
  12. 如权利要求9至11中任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述通知消息包括标志位，所述标志位标识所述第一设备使用电子开关。
  13. 一种通信设备，用作第二设备，其特征在于，所述第二设备包括：
    存储器，该存储器包括指令；
    与所述存储器耦合的处理器，所述处理器用于执行所述指令，从而：
    经由从第一设备到所述第二设备的第一链路接收所述第一设备发送的通知消息，所述通知消息用于指示所述第二设备在一段时间内避免向所述第一设备发送告警消息，所述告警消息用于通知所述第一设备所述第一链路发生故障，所述一段时间从所述第二设备检测到所述第一链路发生所述故障时开始；
    在检测到所述第一链路发生所述故障后，在所述一段时间内避免向所述第一设备发送所述告警消息。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于执行所述指令，从而：
    在所述一段时间内，经由所述第二设备到所述第一设备的第二链路向所述第一设 备发送业务报文，所述第二链路和所述第一链路连接所述第二设备的同一物理端口。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于执行所述指令，从而：
    确定所述故障在所述一段时间结束后仍存在；
    基于在所述一段时间结束后仍存在的所述故障，经由所述第二设备到所述第一设备的第二链路向所述第一设备发送所述告警消息。
  16. 如权利要求13至15中任一项所述的通信设备，其特征在于，所述通知消息包括标志位，所述标志位标识所述第一设备使用电子开关。
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