WO2019197851A1 - Procédé de formation d'une pile transportable, pile transportable et procédé de transport d'une pile transportable - Google Patents

Procédé de formation d'une pile transportable, pile transportable et procédé de transport d'une pile transportable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019197851A1
WO2019197851A1 PCT/HU2019/000007 HU2019000007W WO2019197851A1 WO 2019197851 A1 WO2019197851 A1 WO 2019197851A1 HU 2019000007 W HU2019000007 W HU 2019000007W WO 2019197851 A1 WO2019197851 A1 WO 2019197851A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
package
stack
fixing
flap
packages
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU2019/000007
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2019197851A9 (fr
Inventor
József MANDZSU, Jr.
Zoltán MANDZSU
József MANDZSU Sr.
Original Assignee
Flexinnova Kft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from HUP1800122 external-priority patent/HUP1800122A1/hu
Priority claimed from HUP1900072 external-priority patent/HUP1900072A2/hu
Application filed by Flexinnova Kft filed Critical Flexinnova Kft
Publication of WO2019197851A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019197851A1/fr
Publication of WO2019197851A9 publication Critical patent/WO2019197851A9/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D71/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans or pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B65D71/0088—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/005—Anti-slip or anti-skid bags, e.g. bags provided with anti-slip coating, ribs, strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
    • B65D2571/00061—Special configuration of the stack
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
    • B65D2571/00067—Local maintaining elements, e.g. partial packaging, shrink packaging, shrink small bands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
    • B65D2571/00067—Local maintaining elements, e.g. partial packaging, shrink packaging, shrink small bands
    • B65D2571/00074—Stabilising or reinforcing columns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to stacking, of sack-packages containing at least one of a liquid and a paste, into a transportable stack, and further to transportable stacks and to transportation thereof.
  • a stacking surface such as a pallet
  • the stack is transportable, e.g. by lift truck and truck.
  • the pallet is cheap and usually standardised, and the customer can re-use it again.
  • An even cheaper stacking surface is the carrying plate of the so-called slipsheet type, which can be moved by a so-called push-pull-style fork-lift truck, as it is described, for example, in patents US3776145 and US5613447.
  • a package is usually of the greatest mass that a person can bear, usually 20 to 25 kg's.
  • a stack usually has 4 to 11 layers; fewer than that would be uneconomical.
  • packages are, in order of maximum stability, stacked in brick bond in which a package abuts, in merit, on at least two other packages lying below, overlapping with them, thus it does not let the below- lying packages horizontally remove from each other.
  • stacking in a columnar pattern is useful for stacking uniform cardboard boxes, where vertical walls of boxes being under each other in a column fall under each other and thus a greater load can be built up without the boxes giving way than with brick bond.
  • interlayer sheets or lining sheets optionally of a tacky surface.
  • the stack is usually stabilised with stretch- film, strapping or other known stack stabilising means.
  • the stack can also be stabilised with decreasing a slip between the sack surfaces lying on each other, mostly with sacks made of plastic (e.g. film or fabric).
  • the sack wall can be roughened, e.g. with embossing, or with mixing roughening granules into the material of the film or of the coat covering the fabric, or, for example, with fixing particles to the surface (see patent US6444080, document W02017203306A1).
  • Liquids and pastes can also be transported in orderly stacks if they are packed up in pails, drums or cans. Their sack-packaging would be cheaper, but, since these products lack rigidity, their sack-packages can not be stacked like usual powder- or pellet-packages. For example, it is virtually impossible to build up, from sack packages containing a liquid and/or paste, a stack customary with solid bulk products, because the stack just built will, in an early phase of the building, certainly collapse, but if, still, one managed to carefully build up the stack then it will surely be impossible to convey it with internal transportation (e.g.
  • sacks filled with thick hydrated lime paste can usually be stacked at most two and a half layers high on a pallet, provided that already from the start of the stacking process a large quantity of stretch-film is manually continuously being wrapped around them, which, in total, is so uneconomical that it is usually not employed.
  • Sacks filled with liquid or paste are usually collected, often disorderly, into steel or wooden or cardboard bins or so-called big-bags and that is the way they are stored and transported.
  • Patent EP0748740B1 describes, for sack-packing and stacking of slaked lime paste, a process in which unfilled sacks, provided for the packing, are fixed with each other, in at least twos but preferably in at least threes, along their side seams in a fanfold-like manner. The paste is filled into the sacks thus interconnected, then the group, consisting of the two or three interconnected packages, is located, at once, in a layer of the stack.
  • a plurality of such groups constitute one layer of the stack, and the subsequent layer is formed in a similar way but rotated with 90 degrees, thus each of the individual packages gets into a brick bond with the ones under it and/or above it, which is, according to the document, an important and necessary stack-stabilising feature.
  • the parts, that connect in the mentioned way the adjacent sacks are provided with preparatory incisions facilitating a later tearing-apart.
  • the stability of the stack is ensured, in addition to the mentioned brick bond, by that the fixation between the adjacent sacks, within the groups connected in the fanfold-like manner, is maintained all the time during the storage and transportation; and further the document also prescribes an obligatory use of other known stack stabilising means (e.g.
  • An advantage of the cited solution is that it eliminates the using of a bin or a big-bag.
  • the mass of the group consisting of (at least two, but rather at least three) fixed-together packages is for example at least 50 kg's, but rather at least 75 kg's, and placing this group in a stack-layer, during a manual stacking, is very difficult even for a plurality of people.
  • because of its fanfold-like, flexible structure it is very difficult to get a good grip on it, especially if the contents are not a paste but a liquid. That makes a manual stacking virtually impossible, especially in the case of packing a liquid.
  • a simultaneous handling of the two, three or more interconnected sacks or packages would require a significant modification of the usual filling and stacking apparatuses.
  • the customer can choose either to pull, off the stack, at once, a group (e.g. of 50 to 75 kg's), (which necessitates at least two co-operating workers and by which the two mentioned workers will probably unavoidably displace the packages being under and beside the group, sooner or later collapsing the rest of the stack), or to grip a package and tear it off from another, adjacently connected package along the mentioned preparatory incisions, in order to finally lift one package off the stack.
  • a group e.g. of 50 to 75 kg's
  • Patent US9150315B2 describes a form-fill-seal (abbr.: FFS) machine for sack packaging of a liquid or paste.
  • FFS form-fill-seal
  • the sacks are transferred, during successive forwarding cycles, through a series of successive suspending stations.
  • the suspending stations are quite close to each other, providing the suspended sacks hanging quite near to each other.
  • Each sack is kept strongly supported from below.
  • a handle opening is formed in an upper region of each suspended sack.
  • a discharge conveyor pulls a lower end of the finished filled sack from the last suspending station, therefore each package is conveyed out by the discharge conveyor in a "sack lower end first - sack upper end last" orientation.
  • Palletising robots are used for building stacks from sack packages.
  • the robot includes a manipulator for taking over (e.g. picking up), orientating and placing down the packages provided for the stacking.
  • the skilled person can either select a manipulator supporting the sack package from below (e.g. so-called claw-type sack gripper) or one holding the sack package from above (e.g. so-called vacuum sack gripper).
  • the sack-packages of the stack contain at least one of paste and, particularly, liquid,
  • Our inventive recognition includes the following. We gained an insight into what forces arise during a transportation of stacks including sacks filled with liquid and/or paste and into how the packages behave. We found that the stability of the stack is endangered the most when it is exposed to a horizontal acceleration. At such times (as considered in a non- inertial reference frame accelerating together with the stack) the horizontal inertial force pointing, for example, to the left side endeavours to pull the package being at the left-side edge of the stack, out of the stack.
  • the mentioned package does not have any essential rigidity, therefore, in response to the pulling-out body force (pointing, in the example, to the left), the package will not only endeavour to slip out of the stack (as would a solid package), but it will rather, primarily, endeavour to roll (leftward), similarly to a magnified drop of water rolling on a greasy surface.
  • the elementary displacement leading to the deformation of the stack does not relate to the slipping, on each other, of the packages laid on top of each other in the respective layers, but primarily to a rolling-away on each other, of the packages. It means that, because of the special contents, the stack can get deformed and collapse even if not any sack surface slips on any adjacent sack surface.
  • the packages of the layers can be kept in a stable balance, and we can provide the stabilising, as well as the isotropic character of the stability, by means of the above-mentioned newly recognised solution, rather than by means of a brick bond between layers rotated in relation to one another.
  • a more effective interconnection, between the package and its neighbour can be provided if the film sheet directed from the package to under or above the neighbouring package has an orientation that is not horizontal but inclined, with a significant vertical component (for example, at about 45 degrees from the horizontal).
  • the mentioned fixing film sheet also with, for example, an adhered bond or a bond of a hook-and-loop- fastener character then, in order that the stack be easy enough to dismantle in the future, the mentioned bond must not have a too high peeling or lifting strength compared to the masses of the packages.
  • the stack can become unstable in a manner that the top of the stack is, in a side view, shifted to the right or to the left, against which we can defend in a way that we apply, for example, shrink film or strapping for further stabilising and among others we, for example, squeeze an upper edge of the stack diagonally toward the farther-lying lower edge of the stack.
  • shrink film or strapping for further stabilising and among others we, for example, squeeze an upper edge of the stack diagonally toward the farther-lying lower edge of the stack.
  • shrink-hood or stretch- hood a minimum level with which the stack can be carefully transported for example to the shrink-film-applying or stretch-hooding work station, typically within a single factory plant, in order that there its stability is further enhanced for the purposes of an external transportation.
  • the following description also includes further objectives and recognition.
  • a carrier having a stacking surface, for example a pallet or a slipsheet-type carrying plate
  • the process can, in addition to the above-mentioned features, also include other suitable features (e.g. further, different packages, or packages placed in a different way to a different place, or stabilising or other features, or further other operations).
  • suitable features e.g. further, different packages, or packages placed in a different way to a different place, or stabilising or other features, or further other operations.
  • An explanation of the above-mentioned features follows.
  • the provided carrier can, for example, include a pallet or a slipsheet-type carrying plate, or any similar stacking surface, the term "similar" meaning similar, for example, in its operation and/or in its function and/or in its intended use and/or in its structure.
  • the carrier can include a bin; however, the carrier is preferably different from, for example, a four-sided bin, and thereby the packages of even the bottom layer can be easily removed therefrom from at least one side.
  • the carrier is more preferably other than a bin.
  • the carrier can include, e.g. a wooden or plastic e.g. pallet, possibly including a stacking surface for example rectangle-, or, preferably, essentially square- shaped in top view, the latter selected e.g. with respect to a required extent of isotropy of stability.
  • Upper boards of the carrier, e.g. pallet can, for example, have free ends jutting out in a cantilevered manner. Onto these, or onto other suitable protruding parts of the carrier, for example stretch-film, shrink-film and/or fixing strap or other similar things can be hooked.
  • the carrier can include protruding or other auxiliary elements for example for stabilising the stack.
  • a slipsheet-type carrying plate can, for example, include a paper or plastic plate.
  • the sack contains at least one of liquid and paste, which means that it can also contain further things, e.g. solid material and/or gas bubbles.
  • the sack can be filled with at least one of liquid and paste.
  • the liquid, in the provided package is such a material as does not have a proprietary shape but conforms, faster or slower, to the shape of the place, container, vessel in which it is.
  • the liquid can be, for example, water, liquid food or feed (e.g. molasses), beverage, paint, alcohol, liquid chemical, liquid adhesive, oil, honey etc., and its viscosity can be selected to be any suitable value, from quite low to the greatest liquid viscosities.
  • the paste can be any suitable, plastic, for example preferably smearable, paste material, as for example ready-to-use putty, hydrated lime paste being a mixture of water and hydrated lime, ready-to-use clay, ready-to-use wet wall finishing material or plaster, adhesive paste, lubricant grease etc..
  • Liquid and paste are contained, for example, by a sack in which there are both hydrated lime paste and water, separated therefrom.
  • the material of the sack can be any suitable material, but it, with regard to the contents, preferably includes, e.g. plastic.
  • the material of the sack can contain one or more, for example, of plastic film, plastic woven fabric, plastic fabric coated with a plastic coating outside and/or inside, and plastic nonwoven fabric. Its material can include, for example, polyolefin (e.g. polyethylene and/or polypropylene), polyester etc..
  • a friction of the outer surface of the sack can be increased in a plurality of ways. With applying linear low density polyethylene or another suitable material, e.g. ethylene- vinyl-acetate or another elastomer or tack-increasing substance, mixed into the material of the sack wall and/or co-extruded or applied thereon as a coat, or an external paper surface, we can increase a coefficient of friction of the outer surface of the sack.
  • a further reducing of slip can be necessary particularly in case of dusty or wet filling circumstances or in case of moisture precipitating on the surfaces during packing a liquid or paste colder than its environment.
  • the sack can be, for example, a bottom-seam sack, a block-bottom sack (e.g. block-bottom valve-sack), and/or a sack of another suitable form.
  • a bottom seam is a seam in which two opposing walls of a sack meet and connect, preferably in a symmetrical manner in respect of the mentioned two opposing sack walls.
  • a "bottom seam" does not necessarily have to be downward.
  • the sack can have a filling valve customary in the packing of flowable solid products, formed e.g. from film, or it can have, for example, such a filling valve as includes a (e.g. injection- moulded, e.g.
  • the seam of the sack can be sewn but it is, for example, preferably welded and/or adhered.
  • the package for example, through filling (e.g. through a filling valve) and closing a pre-fabricated individual sack or, for example, with a form-fill-seal (FFS) machine.
  • FFS form-fill-seal
  • lining sheets, interlayer sheets or similar means for example at least partly, between the packages and the carrier as well as between packages being above each other.
  • the lining sheet or interlayer sheet (being, e.g.
  • a (for example, upward- projecting) verge which can, for example, help a correct placing of the lowermost packages.
  • a verge which can, for example, help a correct placing of the lowermost packages.
  • We place the packages in layers the layers being above each other which can also include that, within a given layer, one or more parts of a package get under one or more parts of an adjacent package, but the centres of mass of the packages of the layer are preferably essentially beside each other.
  • In one layer there can be, for example, two or four or six or nine packages. It is preferable, for example, if layers being above each other contain an equal number of packages, but we can also deviate therefrom. There can also be such a layer in which there is only one package (for example as an uppermost layer).
  • the stack is suitable for an appropriate transportation by, e.g. a conveyor, preferably by fork-lift truck and/or truck.
  • the transporting is naturally done with transportation dynamics appropriate in the given case; that can be selected by the skilled person without any further difficulties.
  • Liquid and/or paste contents can essentially be excluded from any interior of the provided flexible fixing flap, thus the fixing flap can get into a stabilising frictional connection with the packages therebelow and thereabove essentially without introducing therebetween an essential destabilising layer of any plastic or liquid contents.
  • the flexible fixing flap that we provide together with at least one first package, sticks out of the first package and connects to it with a suitable tensile strength.
  • the fixing flap must connect to the first package with a suitable tensile strength in order not to be tom off when the stack is suitably transported. That can be dimensioned by the skilled person knowing the stack. For example, in a given case, an appropriate dimensioning could be, that the fixing flap connects to the first package with a suitable tensile strength, bearing at least a load corresponding to one tenth (more preferably, e.g. three tenths or other portion, preferably e.g. an entirety) of the weight of the first package. The skilled person will naturally also dimension the tensile strength of the fixing flap itself with that in mind.
  • the flexible fixing flap can form from a material identical with that of the sack's wall, or from a different material, for example from film, fabric and/or paper.
  • a grippable carrying orifice which can facilitate single-person stacking and stack-dismantling.
  • the forming of the stack can be simplified, for example, by providing such a second package as is at most one layer lower, or higher, in the stack than the first package.
  • the forming of the stack can be further simplified, for example, by providing such a second package as is either higher, in the stack, than the first package or is in the layer including the first package.
  • the stabilising effect and of a simplifying of the stack-forming, it is, for example, preferable to provide a second package such that the first package and the second package are at least partly out of an overlap with each other in a top view of the stack, and it is even more preferable for example if they are essentially beside (i.e. out of overlap with) each other in the top view of the stack, and within that it is for example even more preferable if they are essentially adjacent in the top view of the stack.
  • the said lower or upper abutting surface of the second package is defined by the third package by means of an abutting surface of the third package pressing, directly or (e.g.
  • the shear strength of the fixation will, on the other hand, usually also depend on an intensity of the squeezing, more exactly on a pressure formed between surfaces, of the second and third packages, pressing each other directly or indirectly, which pressure originates, at least partly, from the weights of the packages in the stack and is usually higher near the bottom of the stack and is lower near the top of the stack.
  • the skilled person will be able to form such shearing fixation of the fixing flap as will, by means of its shearing strength, sufficiently resist forces pulling the fixing flap out from between the squeezing surfaces and which shearing strength will prevent that the fixing flap, during a transportation of the stack, completely slips out from between the squeezing surfaces (the "completely slipping out” meaning that not any parts of it remain between the squeezing surfaces).
  • the process alleviates certain drawbacks of the background art.
  • the process meets a number of objectives of ours.
  • a stack built up on cheap stacking surfaces even without bins or big-bags and including sacks containing paste and/or liquid, will have an enhanced stability during storage and transportation.
  • the process provides the possibility of a safe and simple manual stacking and stack-dismantling by a single person, since there is only one package to be placed onto the stack, or to be lifted off therefrom, at a time.
  • the process provides the possibility of a mechanized filling and/or stacking with at most a slight modification of the usual filling and/or stacking machines. After a dismantling of the stack produced by the process, the packages and the fixing flaps sticking out therefrom can be available in their original forms, and can make it possible to safely stack them again.
  • the process enables the skilled person to save on the costs.
  • the process includes selecting, as the second package, a package of the layer of the first package, adjacent to the first package. It means that there is a layer formed, which simultaneously includes the first package and the second package which packages are also placed adjacent to each other.
  • the advantage thereof is that it necessitates a relatively short fixing flap, and that the immediate connection thus formed between the packages being beside each other has a very strong stabilising effect. Further, it simplifies the building-up of the stack and the placing of the fixing flaps manually as well as with a (e.g. robotic) stacking machine.
  • the process preferably includes defining a first direction wherein the said second package falls in the first direction from the said first package, and also forming further fixation with at least one such first package and second package, of whom the second package falls in a second direction from the first package, the second direction being essentially an opposite of the first direction.
  • the direction, in which the second package falls from the first package is essentially perpendicular to a straight line imposed onto such boundary of the first package as is adjacent to the second package.
  • the first direction and the second direction are free vectors (being essentially horizontal, during a horizontal state of the carrier stacking surface), and if the first direction points, for example, essentially from the south to the north then the second direction points essentially from the north to the south.
  • This solution provides the advantage that it can keep the stack more stable during a transportation including, for example, dynamic right- and left-turns.
  • the process preferably includes also forming further fixation with at least one such first package and second package, of whom the second package falls in a third direction from the first package, the third direction being essentially perpendicular to the first direction. That provides the advantage that that it can keep the stack more stable during a transportation including, for example, periods of dynamic acceleration.
  • the process preferably includes also fonning further fixation with at least one such first package and second package, of whom the second package falls in a fourth direction from the first package, the fourth direction being essentially an opposite of the third direction. That provides the advantage that that it can keep the stack more stable during a transportation including, for example, periods of dynamic braking.
  • the process includes forming the stack at least partly with columnar stacking. It means that such a stack is formed which stack includes at least one columnar bond. It is clear for the skilled person that in the columnar bond a lower package and an upper package take part in a way that the upper package is essentially entirely supported by the lower package directly or (e.g. with the insertion of an interlayer sheet or lining sheet or one or more fixing flaps) indirectly, preferably in a way that, in a top view of the stack, the centre of mass of the lower package and the centre of mass of the upper package essentially overlap each other or are at most at such a distance from each other at which a stability of the stack is provided.
  • the mentioned upper package can also contact other packages, being, for example, lower than the upper package.
  • the process preferably includes forming the stack with a purely columnar stacking. This term we are defining in that every said package of the formed stack is in a columnar bond at most with an exception of its one or more uppermost said packages. Its advantage lies in a more complete exploitation of the stability originating from the columnar stacking.
  • the process includes at least one of
  • the carrier having the stacking surface essentially square-shaped in top view.
  • This feature provides the advantage of an enhanced isotropy of the stability of the whole stack.
  • at least one such part, of the fixing flap extending from the first package, as is adjacent to the first package, is placed with a level difference lower or higher than at least a portion of the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part, the level difference formed to be at least 5 (more preferably at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30) millimetres.
  • This feature is to be understood during a horizontal state of the carrier stacking surface. Its advantage is that it results in a fixing flap arrangement oriented other than horizontal, in the stack, which, as we mentioned above in the recognition section, provides for an effective stabilising connection between the packages.
  • the at least one such part, of the fixing flap extending from the first package, as is adjacent to the first package is placed higher than the at least a portion of the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part.
  • such a part, of the fixing flap extending from the first package, as is between the first package and the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part is at least partially formed as an inclined part, of an orientation differing from the horizontal with at least 5 degrees (more preferably with at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 degrees).
  • the inclined part can also be vertical. Its advantage is that it results in a fixing flap arrangement oriented other than horizontal, in the stack, which, as we could see, has an advantageous effect.
  • the inclined part is provided with an orientation descending toward the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part. Its advantage is that it makes it possible to fix the fixing flaps extending from packages even being in the uppermost layer of the stack.
  • the process includes placing the at least one part, of the fixing flap extending from the first package, in between the lower abutting surface of the second package and the third package pressing, from below, the said lower abutting surface, as in between the squeezing surfaces.
  • Its advantage is that it provides a greater squeezing force for the fixation, also exploiting the pressure deriving from the weight of the second package itself.
  • a further advantage thereof is that it also allows a squeezing by a second package being in the uppermost layer of the stack.
  • a further advantage thereof is that it simplifies the stacking process in which the second package must simply be placed onto a fixing flap already prepared to be there, extending from the first package laid down earlier.
  • the sack of the provided first package is a bottom-seam sack, the provided fixing flap essentially extending from a bottom seam thereof.
  • the bottom seam can, for example, be welded, adhered, can be a pinch bottom seam and/or one made with sewing.
  • the bottom-seam sack as is clear to the skilled person, can be, for example, a pillow sack, side-gussetted sack, bottom-gussetted sack (having its bottom gusset at the end of the sack opposite the bottom-seam), bottom-seam valve-sack etc.
  • We can provide the fixing flap for example, by means of fixing, e.g. welding, a flexible sheet (e.g.
  • the fixing flap for example, by means of cross-welding with a non-cutting weld a plastic tube section along a line perpendicular to its so-called machine direction, by which we form the bottom seam as well as a pillow bag, open in one direction from the bottom seam, and the fixing flap in the other direction from the bottom seam, which fixing flap is of two layers therefore having a high load bearing capacity.
  • a further advantage is that the fixing flap and the sack have equal widths, which is able to generate a strong fixation. This method of forming is compatible with the FFS packaging machines which are, after a minimal modification, thus suitable to provide appropriate packages and fixing flaps.
  • An advantage of the discussed bottom-seam embodiment is that it can automatically provide, that from the laid-down first package the fixing flap sticks out at such an altitudinal position which differs from altitudinal positions of lower and upper abutting surfaces of any packages, which can automatically result in an arrangement of non-horizontally oriented fixing flaps in the stack, which, as we could see, has an advantageous effect.
  • the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part is made to cover at least 10%, more preferably at least 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, even more preferably 100%, of that abutting surface of the second package which is made to look toward the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part. That can be achieved, for example, by providing a sufficiently large (e.g. sufficiently long-extending and wide) fixing flap. Its advantage is that it provides a greater fixation strength even if the squeezing and squeezed surfaces are not particularly antislip.
  • the process includes providing an overlap between a centre of mass of the second package and the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part in a top view of the stack. Its advantage is that it automatically provides a relatively large squeezed fixing-flap-part, which results in a strong fixation. Further, the centre of mass of the second package can guarantee a more reliable pressing of the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part even amidst dynamic swinging etc.
  • the process includes, in case of at least one fixing flap, applying, between the squeezing surfaces and the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part, at most such a slip- hindering or friction-increasing bond as at least one of a peeling force and a lifting force, suitable for a complete separating of the said bond, is provided lower than a weight of the second package, more preferably lower than 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 5, 2, even more preferably 1% of the weight of the second package.
  • This embodiment has a significance especially in respect of possibly applying (in a way reasonable in itself) self-adhesive, adhesive-based or hook-and-loop-fastener-based, e.g.
  • Velcro®-type, slip-hindering means has the advantage of making a dismantling of the stack easier by preventing the fixing flap from forming a connection of an undesirably great strength between a package just being taken off and a package still being on the stack.
  • the process includes placing the packages in at least 3 (more preferably at least 4 or 5) layers on the carrier stacking surface. Its advantage is that it provides efficiency and cost savings, exploiting the invention.
  • the process includes placing at least 9 (more preferably at least 12, 15, 18, 20, 22) packages on the carrier. Its advantage is that it provides efficiency and cost savings, exploiting the invention.
  • the process includes optionally providing, as a part of the stack, one or more stack-stabilising means known per se, selected from stretch- film, stretch-net, stretch-hood, shrink-film, shrink-hood, strap and other similar stack-stabilising means, known per se.
  • stack-stabilising means known per se, selected from stretch- film, stretch-net, stretch-hood, shrink-film, shrink-hood, strap and other similar stack-stabilising means, known per se.
  • stack-stabilising means known in themselves which means that we can as well dispense with providing them and/or we can as well omit them.
  • "Other stack-stabilising means similar" to those listed means similar (to those listed), for example, in its operation and/or in its function and/or in its intended use and/or in its structure. The advantage thereof is that it helps meeting our objectives.
  • the process includes providing the said one or more stack- stabilising means known per se.
  • the process includes providing the said one or more stack- stabilising means known per se.
  • the process includes providing such said one or more stack- stabilising means known per se, as are made to directly or indirectly at least partially squeeze, in a direction having both vertical and horizontal components (for example essentially toward an interior of the stack in a side view of the stack), at least one of a.) packages, adjacent to an upper edge of the stack, and
  • the covering plate can be a rigid plate, for example a wooden or plastic plate or even a pallet turned upside down, or the covering plate can be, for example, flexible, such as, for example, a flexible cardboard sheet.
  • the covering plate can be smaller or larger than, and preferably of about the same size as, layers of the stack, in a top view.
  • the covering plate can include a (for example downward-projecting) verge.
  • the packages, adjacent to the upper edge of the stack, can as well be squeezed, in the aforementioned way, with for example a mediation of a part of the covering plate, for example with a terminal area or verge of the covering plate bending down at an upper edge of the stack.
  • the squeezing can be exerted, for example, by the stretch-hood and/or the shrink-hood and/or the strap etc.
  • we squeeze with strap, shrink-hood or other means of a relatively high elongation modulus it can happen that we provide a squeeze automatically arising, or growing stronger, in response to inertial forces generated during the transportation.
  • bi-oriented material An analogous application of a shrink-hood of a material of a biaxial molecular orientation (so-called bi- oriented material) is even more preferable because, unlike the stretch-hood, a first, relatively low modulus of the material of the shrink-hood can be provided during its shrinking onto the packages (which is gentle to the pliable packages) and then, by means of a cooling-down of the material of the shrink-hood, a significantly higher final modulus thereof can be provided which will resist, relatively solidly, such a diagonal stress as can be caused by a top layer of the stack potentially endeavouring to slide horizontally. Straps applied diagonally along side walls of the stack can be similarly advantageous in case their effective modulus is high enough.
  • the process includes providing the, preferably rigid, covering plate in the stack. It has the advantage, for example compared to merely stabilising with stretch- film wound horizontally, that we can provide an at least partial static friction between packages adjacent a top of the stack and the covering plate kept in its original place, by which we can hinder a sideward displacement, especially a rolling-away, of upper packages of the stack.
  • the process includes providing, as the packages, at least one of a.) packages filled with an automatic filling machine and
  • the automatic filling machine means such a filling machine as provides a filling quantity of the package automatically.
  • the package essentially free from gas bubbles at most includes gas bubbles of such a total volume as influences, at its pressure occurring in the stack, a height, the package takes in the stack, at most to an unessential extent. It is surprising that a filling accuracy, per se, of the individual packages can, in combination with our other invention features, affect a stability of the whole stack to an unusual, even dramatic extent.
  • the advantage of this solution is that we can provide, by means of strictly uniform volumes of the packages, that tops of packages of an uppermost layer of the stack are essentially at a uniform altitude (during a horizontal orientation of the carrier stacking surface) which has, in respect of a stability of the stack, a surprisingly great significance because thereby we can provide that a positive pressing force is provided between the covering plate and each of the packages adjacent thereto, by which an essential static friction can be provided between the packages of the uppermost layer and the covering plate.
  • the process includes forming the stack to be suitable to pass a tilting test of a peak angle value, without a centre of mass of any of the said packages of the stack leaving, during the tilting test, a load space of the carrier, the peak angle value provided to be 6 degrees (more preferably 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 degrees), during which tilting test the carrier, together with the rest of the stack, is carefully tilted, during a whole period of 10 seconds, from a horizontal orientation of the carrier stacking surface into an orientation of the carrier stacking surface of an angle, closed with the horizontal, equalling the peak angle value, and then, after a pause of 5 seconds, is carefully tilted, during a whole period of 10 seconds, back into the mentioned horizontal orientation.
  • the load space of the carrier is such a part, relating to the carrier, of the space which is above the carrier stacking surface during a horizontal orientation of the carrier stacking surface.
  • the expression “carefully tilted” refers to that the lowest possible angular accelerations are applied in both directions. According to this, thus, the stack passes the tilting test and, during that, the centres of mass of its said packages being in the load space of the carrier always stay in the load space of the carrier.
  • a successful execution, in accordance with the above, of the tilting test in any tilting direction proves that the stack is suitable to pass the tilting test.
  • the tilting test can end with a failure if, for example, a mentioned package falls from the stack onto the ground or, for example, in case of a stack wrapped up in stretch-film, the centre of mass of a mentioned package leaves the load space of the carrier and only the stretch-film prevents it from falling to the ground.
  • the forming the stack to be suitable to pass the tilting test can include providing in the stack such a solidity, by means of which the stack is made suitable to pass the tilting test.
  • the process includes, at a state of the stack free of the said one or more stack-stabilising means known per se, providing in the stack such a solidity, by means of which the stack is made suitable, in its said state to pass a tilting test of a peak angle value without a centre of mass of any of the said packages of the stack leaving, during the tilting test, a load space of the carrier, the peak angle value provided to be 2 degrees (more preferably 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 degrees).
  • Terms relating to the tilting test itself were already defined above. We already gave guidelines thereto, above, for the skilled person.
  • the feature, in our process, of providing, at a state of the stack free of the one or more stack-stabilising means known per se, such a solidity in the stack, by means of which the stack is suitable to appropriately pass the said tilting test in its mentioned state (i.e., lacking the one or more stack-stabilising means known per se) can, for example, be implemented a.) in a way that, in our process, preceding the execution of the step of providing the one or more stack-stabilising means known per se, we form such a transportable stack as is suitable to appropriately pass the mentioned tilting test and/or
  • the transportable stack is kept suitable to appropriately pass the mentioned tilting test.
  • the suitable removing means for the skilled person, for example a gentlest and a most reasonable removing, performed in a sequence least endangering a soundness of the rest of the stack.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that it provides a possibility to convey the stack with internal transportation (e.g. with a conveyor or a fork-lift truck, for example to a nearby stretch- or shrink-hood-applying machine) in order of a subsequent final stabilising thereof.
  • internal transportation e.g. with a conveyor or a fork-lift truck, for example to a nearby stretch- or shrink-hood-applying machine
  • the process includes providing the packages having the sack at least partly containing liquid. Its advantage is that it provides very significant technical and economic advantages over the background art, and facilitates meeting our objectives.
  • the process includes • providing a palletising robot, and
  • the taken-over fixing flap is provided to be free from any one or more such compressed portions, compressed by the taken-over first package, whose total compressed area is diminishable by forming, straightening out, or essentially rearranging, one or more folds of the fixing flap for example where it connects to the first package.
  • the palletising robot can include, for example, a (e.g. 5-axis) articulated, Cartesian, gantry type, and/or other suitable robot.
  • a manipulator which should be selected suitable to handle (e.g., to take over, to carry, to orientate, to locate, to place, and/or lay down in a desired configuration) the first package and the fixing flap in a sufficiently controlled manner even though the first package can essentially lack rigidity due to its paste/liquid contents and the fixing flap being flexible and possibly flaccid.
  • sensor(s) For an exact orientating and locating, prior to the placing or laying down, we can sense, with sensor(s), one or more of the actual exact orientation and location of the taken-over first package and fixing flap and location of the centre of mass of the taken-over package relative to the manipulator.
  • the mentioned sensor(s) can include one or more of, for example, video, optical, capacitive, ultrasonic, pneumatic etc. sensors and (e.g. at least three) load cells in the suspension of a package-holder, of the robot, holding the package.
  • the taking over can, for example, be done through suitably gripping and lifting the first package and the fixing flap, respectively, by, for example, any one or more of gripping members, supporting members (e.g.
  • the takeover can be done, for example, through receiving with the manipulator the first package sliding into or onto the manipulator, e.g. into or onto a cradle-like package-holder.
  • the takeover in the said first configuration it is easier to provide the fixing flap in a suitable at least partly spread configuration for its eventual laying down onto the stack.
  • the term "diminishable” also includes diminishable to zero which can mean an elimination of the said one or more compressed portions; and the said “total compressed area” equals a difference between an extent area of the fixing flap and a total area of all one or more portions of the fixing flap other than the said one or more compressed portions; and any relocating of a fold from a first location to a second location is not considered to be "essential rearranging” if, for example, both of the first and the second locations are essentially where the fixing flap connects to the first package.
  • the compressing by the first package is originated by a weight of the first package. Advantages of this process embodiment include that it can help avoid
  • the process includes, prior to the said placing of the first package and laying down of the fixing flap, with the robot supporting the first package at least partly from below simultaneously holding the fixing flap at least partly from above.
  • the fixing flap can thus be held, from above, up to its laying down being accomplished, always kept with static- friction contacts in a well defined configuration.
  • the process includes: for the takeover of the first package together with the fixing flap extending therefrom, conveying to a place of the takeover the first package together with the fixing flap extending therefrom, in a configuration of the first package lying on a supporting surface and the fixing flap at least partly connecting to a surface portion of the first package which surface portion is at a positive distance from the supporting surface and looks downward.
  • the conveying can include, for example, sliding on a sliding surface, and/or conveying on a conveyor etc.
  • any of the first package and the fixing flap can be stopped from moving or kept in suitable motion.
  • the supporting surface can be kept stationary or can be kept in motion (e.g. one or more of a conveyor, a belt conveyor, a roller conveyor, a vibrational conveyor, an air cushion conveyor, a vertical conveyor etc).
  • the fixing flap at least partly connects to the said surface portion of the first package, which means that the fixing flap can also have other connection to the first package.
  • the said surface portion looks downward which means that vectors normal to and pointing out of the said surface portion have positive vertical components pointing downward.
  • This embodiment provides the advantage that (as we recognised) the flexible fixing flap, configured this way, can more easily be kept partly gently pressed against the supporting surface which can be used to better keep the flexible fixing flap in a well defined configuration despite an apparent air draft to which the fixing flap is possibly exposed during the conveying.
  • the process includes: for the takeover of the first package together with the fixing flap extending therefrom, conveying to a place of the takeover the first package together with the fixing flap extending therefrom, in a configuration of the first package lying on a supporting surface, with at least a half, preferably at least three quarters, of an extent area of the fixing flap being beside the first package in a top view taken from above the first package perpendicularly to the supporting surface.
  • the extent area of the fixing flap means its total area measured in its totally spread-out configuration, bordered by the place where it connects to the first package. Even more preferably essentially as much of the extent area of the fixing flap is configured to be beside the first package in the top view as is allowed with the given flexible fixing flap connecting to the given first package.
  • the term "being beside” refers to being out of intersection with any part of the first package in said the top view.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that (as we recognised) it helps to provide the fixing flap for the takeover in an already suitably spread configuration, simplifying a task to be performed with the robot.
  • the process includes conveying to the place of the takeover the first package, together with the fixing flap extending therefrom, in a "first-package first - fixing- flap last” orientation.
  • this term means that during the conveying a reference line across their path is first reached by the first package and is last left by the fixing flap.
  • any edge of the first package and/or of the fixing flap be essentially perpendicular to or parallel with a direction of the conveying. This process embodiment helps (as we recognised) to prevent an apparent air-draft, generated by the conveying, from distorting a desired spread configuration of the conveyed flexible fixing flap.
  • a common advantage of the aforementioned embodiments includes that they only necessitate a relatively slight modification of a usual stacking machine.
  • the process includes
  • each sack is transferred, during successive forwarding cycles, through a series of successive suspending stations, beginning with a first suspending station and ending with a last suspending station,
  • each of the said forwarding cycles including a first time interval and a second time interval
  • each suspending station provided for keeping, within the first time interval, the sack suspended, by a sack upper end or its vicinity, while optionally supporting an opposing, lower end of the sack by pressing it, directly or indirectly, upward by an abutting area of a supporting means of the suspending station,
  • the sack being forwarded, at least to the last suspending station from a suspending station preceding the last suspending station and from the last suspending station with or toward the discharge device for the conveying-outward, and
  • o is prevented from being exposed to a compression in a nip directly or indirectly between the abutting area of the supporting means of the last suspending station and the sack in the last suspending station or
  • the necessitated lateral force kept lower than a weight of the first package, preferably lower than a half, more preferably lower than a quarter of the said weight of the first package.
  • the provided form-fill-seal machine can, for example, be one working from plastic films and/or fabrics, for forming the sacks.
  • a form-fill-seal machine working from tubular material is provided, but it can also be other, e.g. starting from one or more single- wound webs (e.g. sheet films), for forming the sacks.
  • the closing can be done, for example, with any one or more of welding, sealing, heat-closing, adhering, sewing etc.
  • the series of the successive suspending stations includes at least two successive suspending stations.
  • One of the suspending stations can be a filling suspending station where the suspended sack is filled, e.g. within the first time interval, with the at least one of liquid and paste.
  • the filling suspending station (and optionally other suspending stations in general) can be configured to simultaneously include a plurality of sacks (see e.g. the filling stations of carousel-type FFS machines, like ADAMS® from Haver and Boecker).
  • one of the following suspending stations can be a closing suspending station where the filled sack is closed, for example with a welded seam formed across a mouth of the sack in a vicinity of its upper end.
  • the first suspending station can include one or more units for forming the open-mouth sack and providing it with its open mouth kept up and its lower end bottom seam hanging down.
  • the supporting means, belonging to the respective suspending stations can, for example, include respective portions of a common belt conveyor supporting the lower ends of the respective sacks and helping to forward them e.g. during the second time interval.
  • This process embodiment includes using the form-fill-seal machine for forming the first package together with the fixing flap extending therefrom. If the sacks are formed from a tube of film or fabric then preferably one or more separate rolls of film or fabric are provided from which the fixing flap is formed whose connecting to the sack of the first package can also be formed with the form-fill-seal machine, for example with welding (or sewing or adhering etc.) a material of the fixing flap to a material of the sack, which is preferably performed prior to the filling of the sack.
  • the process includes forming the fixing flap extending from the first package connecting to, or to a vicinity of, the lower end of the sack of the first package.
  • its meaning includes the fixing flap connecting to the sack up to 15 centimetres (preferably up to 10 centimetres, more preferably up to 5 centimetres) away from the lower end of the sack.
  • This arrangement has the advantage that the upper end of the sack can be left intact for a sophisticated handling, known per se, during the filling, closing etc.
  • the fixing flap can connect to the sack of the first package at, or in a vicinity of, a bottom seam of the sack located at the lower end thereof.
  • its meaning includes the fixing flap connecting to the sack up to 15 centimetres (preferably up to 10 centimetres, more preferably up to 5 centimetres) away from the said bottom seam.
  • the process includes at least one of a.) selecting a displacement length, of the forwarding of the sack to the last suspending station from the preceding suspending station, greater than three quarters, preferably an entirety, of an extent length the fixing flap extends from the first package, and
  • the extent length, with which the fixing flap extends from the first package is a greatest linear distance between A.) a part of the fixing flap and B.) a totality of places of the fixing flap where it connects to the first package.
  • the fixing flaps, extending from neighbouring sacks suspended in neighbouring suspending stations can be provided to be too short for reaching the other sack to fully cover the abutting area which supports the said other sack thereby helping to limit the said necessitated lateral force; and with option b.) the same can be achieved with providing a non-flat configuration of the fixing flap extending from one sack toward the other.
  • the said non-flat configuration of the flexible fixing flap can be provided, for example, with applying a cleated belt conveyor as the supporting means, preventing the fixing flap, from lying completely flat, with an upright cleat, of the conveyor belt, positioned under the lying fixing flap. Further, the fixing flap can be raised from a flat-lying configuration with a suitably scheduled lifting, for example with air-blowing or with a lifting stick, etc.
  • the process includes providing the fixing flap, extending from the sack suspended in the last suspending station, in an orientation extending toward the preceding suspending station.
  • This provides the advantage that this configuration has a better compatibility with the ordinary tubular form-fill-seal machines known from the background art. Namely, it is advantageous to drag the fixing flap, originally hanging down, together with the forwarded sack.
  • the discharge device is selected to include a discharge conveyor and after a start of the second time interval during which the first package is forwarded from the last suspending station with or toward the discharge device, the first package is removed from the last suspending station and laid onto the discharge conveyor, in an orientation of a first side of the first package looking upwards, the first side looking, at the said start of the said second time interval, toward the suspending station preceding the last suspending station.
  • the meaning of the term "looking upwards" also includes other than looking exactly vertically upwards, e.g. if the discharge conveyor is inclined. This can be implemented, for example, with conveying outward the lower end of the sack of the first package (e.g.
  • a common advantage of the aforementioned embodiments includes that they only necessitate a relatively slight modification of a usual FFS filling machine.
  • the essence of another aspect of the invention is a transportable stack, comprising
  • a carrier having a stacking surface for example a pallet or a slipsheet-type carrying plate
  • each of the said packages having a sack containing at least one of liquid and paste
  • the transportable stack being such that
  • the transportable stack including a flexible fixing flap extending from a first package and connecting to the first package with a suitable tensile strength
  • the fixing flap including at least one, so-called squeezed, part positioned between a lower or upper abutting surface of a second package and a third package pressing, from below or from above, the said lower or upper abutting surface, as between squeezing surfaces; and • the transportable stack including a shearing fixation of the said at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part,
  • the transportable stack can, in addition to the above-mentioned features, also include other suitable features (e.g., further, different packages, or packages placed in a different way to a different place, or stabilising or other features).
  • suitable features e.g., further, different packages, or packages placed in a different way to a different place, or stabilising or other features.
  • the transportable stack includes at least one first package from which at least one said fixing flap extends.
  • the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part is sandwiched, directly or indirectly, between squeezing surfaces which squeezing surfaces are, on the one hand, constituted by a lower or an upper abutting surface of a second package and, on the other hand, constituted by a third package pressing, directly or indirectly, from below or from above, to the said lower or upper abutting surface.
  • the transportable stack includes, among others, a shearing fixation of the said at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part which shearing fixation is provided by a fixing squeeze.
  • the fixing squeeze is between the squeezing surfaces on the one hand and the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part on the other hand.
  • the shearing fixation hinders a slipping of the fixing flap out from between the squeezing surfaces.
  • the shearing fixation has such a shearing strength as prevents the fixing flap from completely slipping out from between the squeezing surfaces during a transportation of the stack.
  • the second package is a package of the layer including the first package, adjacent to the first package.
  • the transportable stack includes a first direction wherein the said second package falls in the first direction from the said first package, and the transportable stack includes at least one further fixation with such first package and second package, of whom the second package falls in a second direction from the first package, the second direction being essentially an opposite of the first direction.
  • the transportable stack includes at least one further fixation with such first package and second package, of whom the second package falls in a third direction from the first package, the third direction being essentially perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the transportable stack includes at least one further fixation with such first package and second package, of whom the second package falls in a fourth direction from the first package, the fourth direction being essentially an opposite of the third direction.
  • the transportable stack is an at least partly columnar stack.
  • the transportable stack is a purely columnar stack. This term we are defining in that every package of the transportable stack is in a columnar bond at most with an exception of its one or more uppermost packages.
  • the transportable stack includes at least one of
  • At least one such part, of the fixing flap extending from the first package, as is adjacent to the first package has a location lower or higher, with a level difference, than at least a portion of the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part, the level difference being at least 5 (more preferably at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30) millimetres.
  • the at least one such part, of the fixing flap extending from the first package, as is adjacent to the first package has a location higher than the at least a portion of the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part.
  • such a part, of the fixing flap extending from the first package, as is between the first package and the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part is at least partially an inclined part, of an orientation differing from the horizontal with at least 5 degrees (preferably with at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 degrees).
  • the inclined part has an orientation descending toward the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part.
  • the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part is positioned between the lower abutting surface of the second package and the third package pressing, from below, the said lower abutting surface, as between the squeezing surfaces.
  • the sack of the first package is a bottom-seam sack, the fixing flap essentially extending from a bottom seam thereof.
  • the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part covers at least 10% (preferably at least 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, even more preferably 100%) of that abutting surface of the second package which looks toward the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part.
  • the transportable stack includes an overlap between the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part and a centre of mass of the second package, in a top view of the transportable stack.
  • the transportable stack includes at most such a slip-hindering or friction-increasing bond, between the squeezing surfaces and the at least one squeezed fixing-flap-part, as at least one of a peeling force and a lifting force, suitable for a complete separating of the bond, is lower than a weight of the second package (more preferably lower than 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 5, 2, 1% of the said weight of the second package).
  • the packages are in at least 3 (more preferably at least 4 or 5) layers on the carrier stacking surface.
  • the transportable stack includes at least 9 (more preferably at least 12, 15, 18, 20, 22) packages on the carrier.
  • the transportable stack optionally includes one or more stack-stabilising means known per se, selected from stretch-film, stretch-net, stretch-hood, shrink-film, shrink- hood, strap and other similar stack-stabilising means known per se.
  • stack-stabilising means known per se, selected from stretch-film, stretch-net, stretch-hood, shrink-film, shrink- hood, strap and other similar stack-stabilising means known per se.
  • the transportable stack includes the said one or more stack- stabilising means known per se.
  • the transportable stack includes the said one or more stack- stabilising means known per se.
  • the transportable stack includes such said one or more stack- stabilising means known per se, as directly or indirectly at least partially squeeze, in a direction having both vertical and horizontal components, at least one of
  • the transportable stack includes the, preferably rigid, covering plate.
  • the said packages of the transportable stack are at least one of a.) packages filled with an automatic filling machine and
  • the transportable stack is suitable to pass a tilting test of a peak angle value, without a centre of mass of any of the said packages thereof leaving, during the tilting test, a load space of the carrier, the peak angle value being 6 degrees (more preferably 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 degrees).
  • the transportable stack optionally including the said one or more stack- stabilising means known per se, preferably the transportable stack is suitable, in a state free from the said one or more stack-stabilising means known per se, to pass a tilting test of a peak angle value, without a centre of mass of any of the said packages thereof leaving, during the tilting test, a load space of the carrier, the peak angle value being 2 degrees (more preferably 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 degrees). It can, for example, be implemented in a way that the transportable stack is free of the one or more stack-stabilising means known per se (mentioned in the option).
  • the said transportable stack embodiment can also be implemented, for example, in a way that after a suitable removing, from the transportable stack, of the one or more stack-stabilising means known per se constituting a part of the transportable stack, the transportable stack is suitable to appropriately pass the mentioned tilting test.
  • the suitable removing means for the skilled person, for example a gentlest and a most reasonable removing, performed in a sequence least endangering a soundness of the stack.
  • the transportable stack includes the packages having the sack at least partly containing liquid.
  • the essence of another aspect of the invention is a process for transporting a transportable stack, comprising providing a transporting means, and providing a transportable stack, and transporting the transportable stack with the transporting means, the process further comprising
  • the process can, in addition to the above-mentioned features, also include other suitable features.
  • the transporting means can be, for example, a conveyor, a roller conveyor, a belt conveyor, a fork-lift truck, a truck etc.. Dynamics, most appropriate, in the given case, for the transportation, can be selected by the skilled person without any further difficulties.
  • the advantage of the process is that it (by exploiting the advantages of our transportable stack) can alleviate certain drawbacks of the background art and meet one or more of our objectives.
  • the process preferably includes providing, as the transporting means, one or more of a conveyor, a fork-lift truck and an automotive vehicle for transporting freight, preferably at least one of a fork-lift truck and an automotive vehicle for transporting freight. Its advantage is that it can provide a faster and longer-distance transportation of the transportable stack, which (in the light of our objectives) provides even more significant progress over the background art.
  • the process preferably includes generating inertial forces exerted on the transportable stack, and restricting the generated inertial forces in a way by which, in case of at least one fixing flap, the fixing flap is prevented from completely slipping out from between the squeezing surfaces.
  • This is to be considered in a non- inertial reference frame accelerating together with the stack. For example, we avoid excessive horizontal and vertical acceleration. We can align a longer edge of the carrier in contact with a front wall of a cargo space. That facilitates meeting our objectives.
  • the process preferably includes providing the transportable stack free from stack- stabilising means known per se selected from stretch-film, stretch-net, stretch-hood, shrink-film, shrink-hood, strap and other similar stack- stabilising means known per se; and generating inertial forces exerted on the transportable stack, and suitably restricting the generated inertial forces preventing a centre of mass of any of the packages of the transportable stack from leaving, during the transporting a load space of its carrier. Every term and expression used herein was already defined and explained above. This embodiment is advantageous because it can be applied, for example, for transporting a semifinished stack with internal transportation (e.g.
  • the restricting of the generated inertial forces can be done, for example, through suitably limiting acceleration, in both (accelerating and braking) directions, of a conveyor provided as the transporting means, which suitable limiting can be arrived at, for example, by trial and error.
  • Fig. la. is a schematic side section of a package and a fixing flap.
  • Fig. lb. is a schematic side section of a sack and a fixing flap.
  • Fig. 2a. is a top view of a sack and a fixing flap.
  • Fig's 2b. -2c. both are schematic side section B-B, of Fig. 2a.
  • Fig. 3 a is a top view of a valve-sack and a fixing flap.
  • Fig. 3b is a schematic side section of a package and a fixing flap.
  • Fig. 4a is a top view of a package and a fixing flap, the package partly broken out.
  • Fig. 4b is schematic side section B-B, of Fig. 4a.
  • Fig's 5a.-5i. show a semifinished stack in top view.
  • Fig. 5j. is schematic side section J-J, of Fig. 5i, exploded vertically.
  • Fig's 6a.-6i. show a semifinished stack in top view.
  • Fig. 7. is a partial, schematic, exploded side view of a transportable stack.
  • Fig. 8. is a side view of a transportable stack.
  • Fig. 9. is a schematic side section of an FFS machine and a discharging device in operation.
  • Fig. 10. is a perspective view of a sack together with a fixing flap extending therefrom.
  • Fig. 11. is a schematic side section of sacks supported on supporting means.
  • Fig. 12a is a schematic side view of a package and fixing flap, exploded vertically.
  • Fig. 12b is a schematic side view of a package and fixing flap, exploded vertically.
  • Fig. 13. is a side view of a robot manipulator with a package and fixing flap.
  • Fig. l4a illustrates, in a schematic side section, a takeover arrangement.
  • Fig. 14b. is a magnification of portion "B" of Fig. 14a.
  • Fig. l5a is a schematic front section of a package-holder.
  • Fig. 15b is a schematic front section of a package-holder.
  • Example 1 In Fig. la (not to scale) the pillow sack 39 of the package 3 has an injection- moulded filling valve 37 having a cap.
  • the at least one of liquid and paste 10 in the sack 39 is water in which a negligibly small quantity of air forms a small gas bubble 11.
  • the fixing flap 30 is welded to and extends from the bottom seam 9.
  • Fig. lb. shows an unfilled state of the sack 39 (not to scale).
  • the lengths 15 of the sack 39 and of the fixing flap 30 are essentially equal.
  • Example 2 In Fig's 2a-2b the fixing flap 30, extending from the bottom seam 9 of the pillow sack 39 consists of the same tube as the sack 39 itself, and they can be made with cross-welding the tube.
  • a material of the tube can be e.g. a plastic film or e.g. a plastic woven fabric coated inside.
  • the sack 39 and the fixing flap 30 have uniform widths 33 and can have unifonn lengths 15. After a filling, the mouth 32 of the sack 39 is to be closed with cross-welding.
  • Example 3 In Fig. 3a the valve-sack 39 has a bottom seam 9 and an opposing block bottom 36 and a filling valve 37 made of film and fixed into the block bottom 36. The fixing flap 30 sticks out of the bottom seam 9 welded thereto.
  • Fig. 3b shows the package 3 gained with filling the sack 39 and the fixing flap 30 extending out of it (not to scale).
  • the at least one of liquid and paste 10, in the package 3 is hydrated lime paste.
  • Example 4 In Fig's 4a-4b the package 3 has a block-bottom valve-sack 39 that has two opposing block bottoms 36 and a filling valve 37 made of film, fixed into a block bottom 36.
  • the material of the sack 39 is a coated polypropylene woven fabric, the sack 39 can be made e.g. with the so-called ADStar® technology.
  • the at least one of liquid and paste 10 is, for example, ready-to-use wet wall finishing material.
  • the fixing flap 30 is fixed, for example adhered, to a part of the sack 39 adjacent to its block bottom 36 opposite its filling valve 37.
  • the fixing flap 30 can be, e.g., a sheet of film.
  • Example 5 See the Figures, especially Fig's 5a.-5j. This example describes such a rotary stacking algorithm in which onto the fixing flap 30, extending from each laid-down package 3, we immediately place the package 3 to be placed next.
  • We form a purely columnar stack 26 in which there are 2x2 4 packages 3 in each layer 28.
  • Fig. 5a We place the carrier 14 onto the floor with a north-south orientation.
  • Adjacently to the north-western comer of the carrier 14 we lay down onto the carrier 14 stacking surface the package 3 to be placed as first of the first layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out southward and lay it onto the carrier 14 stacking surface.
  • Fig. 5b Adjacently to the south-western comer of the carrier 14 we place, onto the carrier 14 stacking surface and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the preceding placed package 3), the package 3 to be placed as second of the first layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out eastward and lay it onto the carrier 14 stacking surface.
  • Fig. 5c Adjacently to the south-eastern comer of the carrier 14 we place, onto the carrier 14 stacking surface and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the preceding placed package 3), the package 3 to be placed as third of the first layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out northward and lay it onto the carrier 14 stacking surface.
  • Fig. 5d Adjacently to the north-eastern comer of the carrier 14 we place, onto the carrier 14 stacking surface and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the preceding placed package 3), the package 3 to be placed as fourth of the first layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out westward and lay it onto the package 3 placed as first of the first layer 28.
  • Fig. 5e Adjacently to the north-western comer of the carrier 14 we place, onto the package 3 placed as first of the first layer 28 and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the preceding placed package 3), the package 3 to be placed as first of the second layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out southward and lay it onto the package 3 placed as second of the first layer 28.
  • Fig. 5f Adjacently to the south-western comer of the carrier 14 we place, onto the package 3 placed as second of the first layer 28 and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the preceding placed package 3), the package 3 to be placed as second of the second layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out eastward and lay it onto the package 3 placed as third of the first layer 28.
  • Fig. 5g Adjacently to the south-eastern comer of the carrier 14 we place, onto the package 3 placed as third of the first layer 28 and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the preceding placed package 3), the package 3 to be placed as third of the second layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out northward and lay it onto the package 3 placed as fourth of the first layer 28.
  • Fig. 5h Adjacently to the north-eastern comer of the carrier 14 we place, onto the package 3 placed as fourth of the first layer 28 and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the preceding placed package 3), the package 3 to be placed as fourth of the second layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out westward and lay it onto the package 3 placed as first of the second layer 28.
  • Fig. 5i Adjacently to the north-western comer of the carrier 14 we place, onto the package 3 placed as first of the second layer 28 and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the preceding placed package 3), the package 3 to be placed as first of the third layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out southward and lay it onto the package 3 placed as second of the second layer 28.
  • Fig. 5j. shows a side section (designated as J-J in Fig. 5i.), as viewed from the west, of the stack 26 in its state following the building-up detailed above. It can be followed in the Figures that a part of the fixing flap 30 extending from the package 3 placed as first of the second layer 28, as first package 4, was placed in between a lower abutting surface 1 of the package 3 placed as second of the second layer 28, as second package 19 on the one hand, and a third package 12 pressing, from below, the said lower abutting surface 1 on the other hand, as in between squeezing surfaces 23, where the said third package 12 is the package 3 placed as second of the first layer 28.
  • the said second package 19 falls in the first direction 5 from the said first package 4, wherein the first direction 5 is the horizontal direction pointing to the south (see Fig. 5fi).
  • the squeezed fixing-flap-part 24 which is between the second package 19 and the third package 12.
  • the squeezing force, therefor, we provide by means of the weight of the second package 19 (and later by means of the weight of the further packages 3 placed thereon).
  • the squeezed fixing-flap-part 24 and the squeezing surfaces 23 are all ordinary polyethylene film surfaces without any particular slip-decreasing or friction enhancing means, still we form a shearing fixation, of the fixing-flap-part 24, of a considerable strength, as we cover, with the squeezed fixing-flap-part 24, the 100% of that abutting surface 7 of the second package 19 which looks toward the squeezed fixing-flap- part 24.
  • This fixation is a fixation hindering a slipping of the fixing flap 30, out from between the squeezing surfaces 23, whose mentioned strength is suitable to prevent the fixing flap 30 from completely slipping out from between the squeezing surfaces 23 during a transportation of the stack 26.
  • Fig. 5g it can be followed in Fig. 5g.
  • Example 6. See the Figures, especially Fig's 6a.-6i. This example describes such a rotary stacking algorithm in which onto each laid-down package 3 we immediately lay the fixing flap 30 extending from the package 3 laid down next.
  • We form a purely columnar stack 26 in which there are 2x2 4 packages 3 in each layer 28.
  • Fig. 6a We place the carrier 14 onto the floor with a north-south orientation.
  • Adjacently to the north-western comer of the carrier 14 we place down onto the carrier 14 stacking surface the package 3 to be placed as first of the first layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out eastward and lay it onto the carrier 14 stacking surface.
  • Fig. 6b Adjacently to the south-western comer of the carrier 14 we place down, onto the carrier 14 stacking surface, the package 3 to be placed as second of the first layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out northward and lay it onto the preceding placed-down package 3.
  • Fig. 6c Adjacently to the south-eastern comer of the carrier 14 we place down, onto the carrier 14 stacking surface, the package 3 to be placed as third of the first layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out westward and lay it onto the preceding placed-down package 3.
  • Fig. 6d Adjacently to the north-eastern comer of the carrier 14 we place down, onto the carrier 14 stacking surface, the package 3 to be placed as fourth of the first layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out southward and lay it onto the preceding placed-down package 3.
  • Fig. 6e. Adjacently to the north-western comer of the carrier 14 we place down, onto the package 3 placed as first of the first layer 28 and the fixing flap 30 lying on it (the fixing flap 30 extending from the package 3 placed as second of the first layer 28), the package 3 to be placed as first of the second layer 28, and we make the fixing flap 30, extending therefrom, stick out eastward and lay it onto the preceding placed-down package 3.
  • Example 7 In Fig. 7 in a purely columnar transportable stack 26, for the sake of an easier reading, we only show one fixing flap 30 extending from one package 3.
  • the carrier 14 is a slipsheet-type carrying plate.
  • the squeezed fixing-flap-part 24 of the fixing flap 30 extending from a first package 4 (the first package 4 being in the lowermost, i.e., first, layer 28) is positioned between the upper abutting surface 7 of a second package 19 and a third package 12 pressing, from above, to the said upper abutting surface 7, as between squeezing surfaces 23.
  • the second package 19 is located in a column adjacent to the column of the first package 4, in the second layer 28, while the third package 12 is located in the column of the second package 19, above the second package 19, in the third layer 28.
  • the fixing flap's 30 part adjacent 35 to the first package 4 lies with a great level difference 34 lower than the squeezed fixing-flap-part 24, and the fixing flap's 30 part between the first package 4 and the squeezed fixing-flap-part 24, is at least partially an inclined part 18 of an orientation that is very significantly different from the horizontal, being nearly vertical.
  • Example 8 See the Figures.
  • the process of this example differs from the process of Example 5 in that we roughen, with antislip protrusions, the downward-looking surfaces of the packages 3 and of the fixing flaps 30, while we provide the upward-looking surfaces of the packages 3 and of the fixing flaps 30 with a slip-hindering nonwoven fabric of a fibrous structure according to the teaching of the above-mentioned document W02017203306A1 , wherein we create a definite slip-hindering and friction-increasing bond between the antislip protrusions and the slip-hindering nonwoven fabric pressed against each other, a peeling force and a lifting force suitable for a complete separating of the bond both being essentially zero.
  • Example 9 This example describes our actual test results. See the Figures.
  • Their material is a 100- micrometer-thick, monoextruded polyethylene film composed of 2/3 parts low density polyethylene and 1/3 parts linear medium density polyethylene (a blend).
  • a flexible fixing flap 30 To one bottom seam 9 of each sack 39 we welded a flexible fixing flap 30, of a width 33 of 340 mm, that extends with a length 15 of about 490 m from the sack 39.
  • Its material is the same polyethylene blend, in a thickness of 80 micrometers. We did not apply any extra antislip means in the surfaces, not even embossing.
  • each sack 39 we formed an injection- moulded, capped filling valve 37, through which we filled 18 litres of water into each sack 39.
  • We placed 2x3 6 packages 3 in one layer 28 and we placed 4 complete layers 28 onto the carrier 14.
  • the top-view size of the packages 3 was about 42x42 cm and an average height of the packages 3 in the stack 26 was about 10 to 11 cm.
  • the orientation of the inclined parts 18 differs from the horizontal with about 70 to 80 degrees in the immediate vicinity of the respective packages 3 and it differs from the horizontal with about 45 degrees on average, averaging over the full lengths of the inclined parts 18.
  • the stabilised stack 26 successfully passed a tilting test of a peak angle value of 17.5 degrees.
  • a tilting test of a peak angle value of 17.5 degrees.
  • Example 10 See the Figures, especially Fig. 8. (for an easier reading, Fig. 8. does not show the fixing flaps 30).
  • This example describes our real test results and differs from Example 9 as follows.
  • the sacks 39 were pillow sacks 39 without filling valves 37, with bottom seams 9 welded shut after filling, which simulates an FFS packaging.
  • We placed seven layers 28 onto each other, i.e., there were 7x6 42 packages 3 in the stack 26.
  • a further package 3 will have to be successively laid onto the fixing flap 30 extending from a given package 3 just laid down, then it is preferable to move, with 1 or 2 cm's, that part of the laid-down fixing flap 30 which is destined to be its squeezed fixing- flap-part 24 toward the given package 3 just laid down, for example by means of the pneumatic grippers, in order that the fixing flap 30 be somewhat loose in the vicinity of the package 3 so that it takes up easier the curve shape of the bottom of the next package 3 to be placed thereon afterwards.
  • Example 11 This example describes our real test results. See the Figures.
  • the size of the sacks 39 is 490x490 mm, and their film material is identical with that of the sacks 39 of Example 9.
  • a flexible fixing flap 30, of a width of 340 m that extends with a length 15 of about 490 mm from the sack 39. Its material is the same polyethylene blend, in a thickness of 80 micrometers.
  • On both surfaces of the fixing flaps 30 we formed roughening protrusions including ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) material.
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • the top-view size of the packages 3 was about 41x41 cm, and the average height of the packages 3 was about 10 to 11 cm in the stack 26.
  • Such parts of the fixing flaps 30 extending from the packages 3 as are parts adjacent to the respective packages 3 had a location lower, with a level difference 34 of about 4 cm, than the squeezed fixing-flap-part 24 belonging to the respective fixing flap 30.
  • Such a part, of the fixing flaps 30 extending from the packages 3, as is between the respective package 3 and the squeezed fixing-flap-part 24 belonging to the respective fixing flap 30, is, in generality, an inclined part 18 of an orientation descending toward the respective package 3.
  • the orientation of the inclined parts 18 differs from the horizontal with about 88 to 90 degrees.
  • Example 12 This example describes a preferred embodiment of the process that could be implemented.
  • a form-fill seal machine 63 a discharge device 49 and the sacks 39 processed can be seen in schematic side section (the liquid/paste contents are not shown).
  • Film tube 56 for the sacks 39 is provided from a first roll 58.
  • Sheet film 78 for the fixing flaps 30 is provided from a second roll 76.
  • a region of the lower end 69 of the sacks 39 is prepared as follows. Starting from the process phase (of the moment after cutting all film layers with the cutting tool 47) shown in Fig. 9, a leading edge of the film tube 56 is fed with a small feeding step till matching a lower welding tool 89 (note that simultaneously the sheet film 78 remains stationary).
  • a grip handle 64 is formed bordered by two welded seams 88 made with upper and the lower welding tools 89 (the upper welding tool 89 forming the bottom seam 9 of the sack 39), therebetween the grip handle 64 provided with a carrying orifice 44, punched into the film tube 56 with a grip-handle-punching tool 65.
  • the bottom seam 9 there is also a leading edge of the sheet film 78 welded to the sack 39. (This phase, as succeeding the small feeding step, not shown.)
  • the film tube 56 and the sheet film 78 are both fed in, with a large feeding step, as large as a height of the sack 39 requires.
  • Fig. 10 shows the sack 39, together with the fixing flap 30 and the grip handle 64 extending therefrom, with the extent area 53 of the fixing flap 30 designated, in Figure 10, with oblique lines.
  • grippers can be used to suspend an upper end 87 of the sack 39 letting the fixing flap 30 hang down freely from the bottom seam 9 (this is simple to do if the sheet film 78 is narrower than the film tube 56). Then the sack 39 is taken over, and kept ready for transferring, with an internal gripping tool 67.
  • the sack 39 is transferred into the first suspending station 60, a filling station, and mounted onto the filling spout 55 in a suspending configuration with its grip handle 64 sticking out downward and its fixing flap 30 hanging down.
  • the filling is completed.
  • the sack 39 is transferred into the succeeding, second suspending station 77 for a closing of the sack 39 mouth 32 with a welding tool 89.
  • the transfer of the sacks 39 is implemented with grippers (not shown) located on a swing rod 86 defining a displacement length 50 by being swung with a swing arm 85 swinging from a first end position 57 thereof into a second end position 75 thereof during the second time interval.
  • the sack 39 is transferred into the last suspending station 68 for a cooling of its mouth 32 seam.
  • a belt conveyor is provided whose respective sections are used as supporting means 81 whose respective abutting areas 40 are used for supporting the respective lower ends 69 of the sacks 39.
  • the displacement length 50 is selected to be greater than an extent length 54 of the fixing flap 30 and thereby the fixing flap 30 is kept out from under the lower end 69 of the preceding sack 39.
  • a discharge conveyor 48 is provided as discharge device 49 for conveying the finished packages 3 outward 71.
  • the package 3 is removed from the last suspending station 68 and forwarded onto the discharge conveyor 48, and laid onto the discharge conveyor 48, in an orientation in which that first side 59 of the package 3 is made to look upwards which originally looked toward the second suspending station 77.
  • This can, for example, be achieved with keeping, during the forwarding, the upper end 87 of the sack 39 of the package 3 gripped with a pair of grippers (not shown) that are provided travelling with the swing rod 86 also swinging relative to the swing rod 86.
  • the said grippers, together with the upper end 87 of the sack 39, are made to travel along a (straight or curved) inclined path 66, bringing the upper end 87 of the sack 39 to where it has to be in order to provide the said orientation of the package 3.
  • this also includes some dragging of the whole package 3 on, and relative to, the discharge conveyor 48, in order to provide a well controlled positioning and orientation of the package 3 and of the fixing flap 30 on the discharge conveyor 48.
  • Fig. 11. shows solutions for preventing the fixing flaps 30 from lying completely flat between the neighbouring sacks 39.
  • the fixing flap 30 extending from the rightmost sack 39 is kept curved by a cleat 45 sticking up from the conveyor belt provided as supporting means 81.
  • the respective fixing flaps 30 extending from the other two sacks 39 are illustrated in a non-flat configuration made for example with an air puff at the time the sacks 39 were brought onto the conveyor belt.
  • Example 13 This example explains embodiments of the process that could be implemented.
  • Fig’s 12a and l2b the same first package 4, and the fixing flap 30 extending therefrom, are shown as taken over with a palletising robot, resting on a supporting member 82 of the palletising robot, in two respective different configurations, in a schematic side view, exploded vertically.
  • the fixing flap 30 is folded under and compressed by the first package 4, providing a possibility to diminish a total compressed area of a compressed portion 46 of the fixing flap 30 compressed by the first package 4 by forming a fold 62 of the fixing flap 30, where it connects to the first package 4, to provide a new, more preferred configuration as illustrated in Fig. l2b.
  • Fig. 12b shows the first package 4, together with the fixing flap 30 extending therefrom, in the more preferred configuration in which the total compressed area of the compressed portion 46 of the fixing flap 30 compressed by the first package 4 is not diminishable any further by any forming, straightening out, or essentially rearranging, one or more folds 62 of the fixing flap 30.
  • Example 14 This example describes preferred embodiments of the process that could be implemented in Fig. 13.
  • a manipulator 70 of a robot, includes a package-holder 72 (namely a claw-type sack gripper) supporting the first package 4 from below in combination with a fixing-flap-holder 61, for holding the fixing flap 30 from above, the fixing-flap-holder 61 including a pair of suction cups 79, movable relative to the package- holder 72 for providing an at least partly spread configuration of the fixing flap 30.
  • This whole assembly can be lifted, from a roller conveyor as a place of the takeover 74, from a stationary state.
  • Fig. 14a. and l4b. illustrate, in a schematic side section, a takeover arrangement.
  • the place of the takeover 74 is at the end 52 of a discharge conveyor 48 and the first package 4 and the fixing flap 30 extending therefrom are conveyed there in a conveying direction 16 shown with an arrow, in a "first-package 4 first - fixing-flap 30 last" orientation, in a configuration of the first package 4 lying on the conveyor belt supporting surface 83 and the fixing flap 30 connecting to a surface portion 84 of the first package 4, at the bottom seam 9 of the sack 39 of the first package 4, which surface portion 84 is at a positive distance 51 from the supporting surface 83 and looks downward.
  • a grip handle 64 with a carrying orifice 44 in it, also connects to the sack 39 of the first package 4 at the bottom seam 9.
  • the manipulator 70 of the robot, includes a package-holder 72, having a cradle-like structure for supporting the first package 4 from below and a size large enough to also accommodate the fixing flap 30, in combination with a fixing-flap-holder 61, for holding the fixing flap 30 from above, including a suction panel 80, movable relative to the package-holder 72 for providing an at least partly spread configuration of the fixing flap 30 by fixing it with suction from above.
  • the empty manipulator 70 is kept next to the end 52 of the discharge conveyor 48 in an orientation in which a bottom of the cradle-like package-holder 72 forms an incline in side view, readily accepting the first package 4 made to slide into it by the discharge conveyor 48 started with a suitable scheduling.
  • FIG. 15a shows a schematic front section of the package-holder 72 as seen from the direction from which the first package 4 slides into it.
  • the fixing flap 30 arrives in front of the suction panel 80, the fixing flap 30 is picked up and spread out tautly with the fixing-flap-holder 61.
  • the said inclined-in-side-view bottom of the package- holder 72 is turned into horizontal in side view.
  • two bottom panels 43 of the package-holder 72 are kept closed to each other, as shown in Fig. l5a.
  • Each bottom panel 43 includes a band 41 and the (preferably slippery) band-surfaces 42 are used for receiving and supporting the first package 4.
  • each bottom panel 43 the band 41 can be kept revolving around two pin rollers 73.
  • the said bottom panels 43 are retracted from each other, as shown in Fig. 15b, during which the bottom panels 43 are kept in motion in the respective directions 16 of the straight arrows in Fig. 15b during which the band-surfaces 42, contacting the first package 4, are prevented from being shifted relative to the first package 4, through a maintaining of the bands 41 in a suitable synchronised revolution, in respective revolution directions 16 according to the curved arrows in Fig. 15b.
  • the first package 4 is placed exactly (i.e., centre-of-mass above centre-of-mass) on top of a package 3 already in the stack 26 (preferably with one or more other fixing flaps 30 in between, not shown).
  • the fixing flap 30 is lowered, with the suction panel 80, onto a suitable place atop the current stack 26, in a suitably spread configuration, after which a suction of the suction panel 80 is ceased (or even possibly inverted for a short while) and then the suction panel 80 is slowly retracted from the laid-down fixing flap 30.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne une pile transportable (26), comprenant une palette ou un support similaire (14), sur laquelle sont agencés des emballages (3), en couches (28) les unes au-dessus des autres, les emballages (3) étant constitués de sacs (39) contenant un liquide et/ou une pâte (10). Selon l'invention, un rabat de fixation souple (30) s'étendant depuis au moins un premier emballage (4), relié au premier emballage (4) avec une résistance à la traction appropriée, est agencé. Une partie du rabat de fixation (30) (la partie de rabat de fixation comprimée (24)) est positionnée entre une surface de butée (7) d'un deuxième emballage (19) et un troisième emballage (12) pressant, depuis le dessous ou depuis le dessus, contre ladite surface de butée (7), comme entre des surfaces de compression (23). Une compression de fixation entre les surfaces de compression (23) et la partie de rabat de fixation comprimée (24) fournit une fixation de cisaillement de la partie de rabat de fixation comprimée (24) de manière à empêcher un glissement du rabat de fixation (30) hors des surfaces de compression (23). La fixation de cisaillement empêche le rabat de fixation (30) de glisser complètement hors des surfaces de compression (23) pendant le transport de la pile transportable (26). Un robot de palettisation est utilisé pour l'empilement, et/ou une machine de formage-remplissage-fermeture (63) est fournie pour fournir les emballages (3).
PCT/HU2019/000007 2018-04-12 2019-04-10 Procédé de formation d'une pile transportable, pile transportable et procédé de transport d'une pile transportable WO2019197851A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUP1800122 HUP1800122A1 (hu) 2018-04-12 2018-04-12 Eljárás szállítható rakat képzésére, szállítható rakat és eljárás szállítható rakat szállítására
HUP1800122 2018-04-12
HUP1900072 2019-03-11
HUP1900072 HUP1900072A2 (hu) 2019-03-11 2019-03-11 Eljárás szállítható rakat képzésére és eljárás szállítható rakat szállítására

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WO2019197851A9 WO2019197851A9 (fr) 2019-11-28

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WO2017203306A1 (fr) 2016-05-26 2017-11-30 Flexinnova Kft Matériaux souples antidérapants et procédés pour leur fabrication et leur utilisation

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