WO2019184067A1 - 智能测控通信网络系统 - Google Patents

智能测控通信网络系统 Download PDF

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WO2019184067A1
WO2019184067A1 PCT/CN2018/087618 CN2018087618W WO2019184067A1 WO 2019184067 A1 WO2019184067 A1 WO 2019184067A1 CN 2018087618 W CN2018087618 W CN 2018087618W WO 2019184067 A1 WO2019184067 A1 WO 2019184067A1
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task
node
control
information
plane
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PCT/CN2018/087618
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘田
李婷
袁田
孙杰
汤辉
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中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所
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Priority to US17/440,200 priority Critical patent/US11777592B2/en
Publication of WO2019184067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019184067A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
    • H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/195—Non-synchronous stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/145—Network analysis or design involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/16—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measurement and control communication network, in particular to an intelligent measurement and control communication network capable of satisfying the rapid increase in the number of space vehicles in the future and greatly increasing the demand for measurement and control and satellite applications.
  • the measurement and control communication network is the product of modern aerospace technology, measurement and control, communication and network technology. It makes full use of the characteristics of large satellite coverage and flexible and efficient transmission of networked satellite groups, between satellite nodes and between satellite nodes and ground and air nodes. Networking and interconnection to achieve efficient and seamless communication to the world.
  • the intelligent measurement and control communication network is an intelligent body composed of multiple types of satellite systems in different orbits, which are interconnected and interconnected according to the maximum effective comprehensive utilization of spatial information resources.
  • the network can integrate a variety of aerospace systems, including reconnaissance and surveillance, environmental and disaster monitoring, resource detection, early warning, navigation and positioning, etc., with autonomous operation and management capabilities and intelligent information acquisition, storage, processing and distribution capabilities.
  • the intelligent measurement and control communication network is mainly composed of system groups such as information acquisition, information transmission information processing, navigation and positioning, network management and security defense.
  • the information acquisition system is mainly responsible for the collection of information;
  • the information transmission system is mainly responsible for information transmission and relay tasks, including communication satellites, broadcasting satellites, data relay satellites, and terrestrial receiving systems;
  • the information processing system mainly performs preprocessing of satellite acquisition data.
  • Tasks such as secondary processing and information fusion and comprehensive analysis include high-performance information processing machines loaded with satellites and corresponding software and databases, specialized data processing satellites and ground processing and application systems; navigation and positioning systems with multiple navigations of different orbits It consists of a satellite and ground-based surveillance system that provides navigation, speed and timing services for a variety of mobile or stationary carriers, from the ground to space, including satellites.
  • the network management system is composed of a ground management center and a space-based management center composed of computer systems with data relay or information processing satellites.
  • the network constellation operation monitoring, command and control, and information exchange management and control can be completed independently or jointly.
  • Functionality; the security defense system is responsible for the security of the space-based network.
  • the data network Since the spatial network environment is different from the ground, the data network has a large transmission delay, a weak signal level, and a large channel noise, and may contain one or more unreliable spatial data transmission links, and there is a problem of frequent interruption of Doppler frequency communication.
  • the spacecraft measurement and control resource consumption increases rapidly with the increase of the target number, and the space loop is increasingly complex.
  • the existing ground-based measurement and control communication network will not be able to adapt to the operation requirements, monitoring and control, and information transmission of the satellite multi-satellite network.
  • a large network management problem, the existing operation management mode is basically not applicable. Due to its small number, the existing medium-low orbit large satellites are basically single-star working mode.
  • the revisiting period of observation targets is long, and the ground-based measurement and control communication network cannot withstand the operation management and monitoring and control of various satellite constellation networks. It is also a big problem to support the information transmission of the future satellite constellation system by the current domestic satellite ground-based monitoring and control station.
  • the main difficulty is that the domestic ground-based monitoring and control station can only support the data reception when the satellite over-tops, and cannot obtain the global real-time observation information acquisition of the satellite constellation.
  • the advantage, the second is that the number of domestic satellite ground restrictions will cause time conflicts in the satellite communications mission.
  • the use of ground-based measurement and control communication systems is currently difficult due to the limitations of the ground-based mission support system itself, and the constraints of the terrestrial communication network make the flight control support procedures extremely complicated and difficult.
  • intelligent measurement and control communication networks are increasingly diverse, and different services have different requirements for networking technologies.
  • the intelligent measurement and control communication network has become huge and complex. It relies solely on manual management and operation. The occupancy rate of measurement and control resources is too high, the task response is not timely, the burden on operators is heavy, and the probability of error is high. Intelligent measurement and control communication network technology is conducive to reducing the use of measurement and control resources, operator burden and error risks.
  • the application of intelligent cognitive technology in the measurement and control communication network is typical of NASA's SCaN test bed.
  • the test bed was developed around 2008 and is already on the International Space Station. Its current research focus is on CognitiveCommunicationProject.
  • NASA is using the intelligent routing software Cogent developed in the SCaN space test bed for cognitive network in-orbit application proof of concept. Cogent supports adaptive routing, multi-link operation, and handles both DTN and IP protocols. It is currently not possible to control the radio system (running fixed or adaptive waveforms) running on the test bed.
  • Cognent creates virtual interfaces at the inter-layer boundaries, representing different sets of underlying options, so that Cognent's operation does not affect the flow of data directly to the actual underlying interface. For example, between the IP and link layers, use the IP routing table to select the appropriate outgoing interface. Specific test subnet services can be sent to the Cognent virtual interface, while other services continue to route normally. This approach runs cognitive networking in an incremental deployment with a “fail-safe” option that bypasses cognitive decision making.
  • the current version of Cogent software can sense and adapt to link characteristics, and cannot yet check its own decisions and implement learning algorithms.
  • the main elements of Cogent's design include the cognitive engine, the application programming interface on top of the cognitive engine, scheduling algorithms, and content caching.
  • the initial focus of this work is to implement DTN data flow, adapt to changes in the underlying link data rate, and enable the DTN to have the ability to use multiple link sets.
  • the current version of Cogent optimizes radio link selection for lowest latency and highest bandwidth. For example, for low latency, Cognent can choose to go directly to the Earth link instead of the space network trunk interface. For high throughput, choose the Ka band instead of the S band.
  • NASA's main intention in building the Cogent prototype system is to provide a tool to clarify the research needed for the future by implementing early cognitive agents on the SCaN test bed.
  • NASA uses Cogent to collect data from daily operations. NASA hopes to use this information to support future gateway-level "small brain” operations and network-level “large brain” operations, but the implementation of the corresponding learning algorithms is still in its infancy.
  • the object of the present invention is mainly to solve the problem that the spacecraft measurement and control resource consumption rapidly rises with the increase of the number of spacecrafts and the increasingly complex space environment, and provide a network operation efficiency, network autonomous operation capability and diversified service requirements. Intelligent measurement and control communication network system.
  • the intelligent measurement and control communication network is composed of at least two nodes, a management node and a common node, in order to facilitate management and efficient operation of the network.
  • the entire intelligent measurement and control communication network is logically divided into control plane and business plane, and all spacecraft are divided into management nodes, common nodes and gateway nodes, and the ground-based measurement and control station or at least one specific satellite is used as a management node, and the common nodes are composed.
  • One of the business planes is divided into multiple task subnets according to the tasks performed by the nodes.
  • Each task subnet completes its own tasks, and simultaneously responds to multiple tasks, and performs autonomous network construction and independent cross-layer network resource management.
  • the ground link measures and controls the target of the spacecraft cluster target and information interaction, and rapidly distributes the control information including the ground command; the ground-based monitoring and control station communicates with the management node through the star link, and indirectly controls the common node through the management node.
  • the invention logically divides the entire intelligent measurement and control communication network into a control plane and a service plane, and the functions and networking modes of the two planes are different; the control plane completes topology information maintenance of the entire network, network maintenance and control information (including Distribution and network management of ground instructions). According to the application and scenario requirements of the task, the control plane selects the shortest path routing strategy to ensure the rapid distribution of control information.
  • the business plane composed of common nodes is divided into multiple task subnets according to the tasks performed by the nodes. Nodes within a task subnet collaborate to accomplish a task.
  • Each subnet completes its own tasks, does not interfere with each other, and achieves rapid response to multiple tasks at the same time; realizes autonomous network construction, autonomous cross-layer network resource management, and intelligent routing with resource awareness to meet network scalability. Capabilities, and greatly reduce protocol overhead such as routing maintenance information within the subnet, improve network operation efficiency, and adapt to increasingly complex spatial network environments.
  • the present invention logically divides the entire intelligent measurement and control communication network into a control plane and a service plane, and each of the two sides adopts different networking modes to perform their respective duties, and simultaneously responds to multiple different applications through different subnets of the service plane.
  • the goal of simultaneous measurement and control and information interaction of cluster targets such as formation spacecraft is solved, and the problems brought by the centralized control of traditional measurement and control centers are solved.
  • machine learning is used to solve the dynamics of space environment.
  • the challenges brought about by randomness and task diversity make the system capable of self-adaptation, self-adaptation and scalability.
  • the present invention is directed to the increasingly diverse services provided by the intelligent measurement and control communication network in the future, and the different services have different requirements for the networking technology, and the tasks performed by the node are divided into multiple task subnets, and the nodes in each task subnet are serviced according to the service.
  • the demand intelligence optimizes network configuration and collaborates to accomplish a certain task. Each subnet completes its own tasks, does not interfere with each other, and achieves rapid response to multiple tasks at the same time, providing efficient and reliable networking support for multiple services.
  • the invention has autonomous learning ability through mathematical modeling and deep learning, and the intelligent measurement and control communication network system.
  • the intelligent measurement and control communication network system intelligently learns and generates a new mathematical model in real time when the external environment changes and the system goes wrong.
  • Adaptively change network behavior or parameters (such as algorithms, logic, coding, etc.) to improve system adaptability and usability.
  • the invention can be widely applied to cluster warfare tasks such as wide-area SAR, long-baseline interferometer ground positioning, high-resolution reconnaissance monitoring, space-based early warning detection, unmanned aerial vehicle cooperative reconnaissance, cluster attack, etc., and adapt to future intelligent measurement and control communication networks.
  • cluster warfare tasks such as wide-area SAR, long-baseline interferometer ground positioning, high-resolution reconnaissance monitoring, space-based early warning detection, unmanned aerial vehicle cooperative reconnaissance, cluster attack, etc.
  • Complex environment improve network operation efficiency and self-control ability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent measurement and control communication network system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control plane and a service plane division manner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the intelligent measurement and control communication network includes at least: a management node and a common node.
  • the entire intelligent measurement and control communication network is logically divided into control plane and business plane, and all spacecraft are divided into management nodes, common nodes and gateway nodes.
  • the ground-based monitoring station or at least one specific satellite is used as the management node, and the common nodes form the business plane.
  • the business plane is divided into multiple task subnets according to the tasks performed by the nodes. Each task subnet completes its own tasks, and simultaneously responds to multiple tasks, performs autonomous network construction and autonomous cross-layer network resource management, and has resource awareness.
  • the control plane and the business side each take different responsibilities. Respond to multiple different applications simultaneously through different subnets of the business plane.
  • the control plane generates a new mathematical model in real time according to the application and scene requirements of the task, combined with externally changed parameters, adaptively changes the network behavior or algorithm, logic, coding parameters, selects the routing strategy of the shortest path, and learns to the business side through machine intelligence.
  • Select a new management node the management node connects all common nodes, and the target of the spacecraft cluster target and information interaction is controlled and controlled by the satellite link, and the control information including the ground command is quickly distributed.
  • the ground-based measurement and control station communicates with the management node through the satellite link, and indirectly controls and controls the common node through the management node.
  • the ground-based monitoring station divides the medium-low or low-altitude satellite into an inter-satellite chain and a non-interstellar chain cluster. There are inter-satellite chain clusters and non-interstellar chain clusters to complete tasks such as measurement and control, communication, and relative measurement through satellite-based measurement and control data transmission links or relay measurement and control links.
  • the control plane contains management nodes and normal nodes.
  • the management node may be a ground-based monitoring station or a specific spacecraft or multiple specific spacecraft.
  • a common node is a general spacecraft that performs missions. Since not all nodes can communicate directly with the ground-based monitoring station, a spacecraft that can directly communicate with the ground-based monitoring station is called a gateway node.
  • the gateway nodes can be served by different spacecraft at different times. Therefore, the management node with strong processing capability is responsible for the management of routing and task distribution of the entire intelligent measurement and control communication network.
  • the spacecraft performing the mission is a normal node.
  • the spacecraft directly connected to the ground-based monitoring station is a gateway node. The information transmission between the ground-based monitoring station and the management node or the ordinary node is transferred by the gateway node.
  • the management node receives the information 1 from the normal node and/or the ground-based monitoring station, calculates the information 2 via the information 1, and transmits the information 2 to each of the ordinary nodes.
  • the ordinary node starts executing the task, sends the information 3 to the management node after the task is completed or after the error, or executes the current task without receiving the information 4 from the management node.
  • the management node and the normal node after the execution of the task or task is logically located on the control plane.
  • the normal node when performing a task is logically located on the business side.
  • the common node may be located at the control plane or the service plane may have at least one of the following: different identifiers, different routing protocols, and different connection relationships with other common nodes.
  • the above tasks include but are not limited to at least one of the following: navigation, remote sensing, reconnaissance, communication, and the like.
  • the management node can be one of the following ground-based monitoring stations, one or several specific satellites.
  • Information 1 includes a plurality of sub-items.
  • the plurality of sub-items include at least one of the following: task information, location information, topology information (ie, connection relationships between all nodes), and running status of each device of the ordinary node itself.
  • the task information includes one of the following: task information of the ordinary node itself, task information of the local node, and task information of all nodes.
  • the location information includes one of the following: location information of the ordinary node itself, local location information, and location information of the entire network.
  • the topology information includes one of the following: topology information of the common node itself, local topology information, and topology information of the entire network.
  • the task information in the information 1 may not be specific to some ordinary nodes, but the tasks that the entire intelligent measurement and control communication network should perform.
  • the management node calculates the information 2 for each common node by itself.
  • Each of the sub-items in message 1 can come from a different place.
  • the task information comes from the ground-based measurement and control station, and the location information, topology information, and device operation status are from the common node itself.
  • the Information 2 includes a plurality of sub-items.
  • the plurality of sub-items include at least one of the following: a task performed by the current common node, a routing protocol used by the current common node, an identifier of the current common node on the service plane, and an identifier of the other common node on the service plane.
  • the information 3 includes a plurality of sub-items, and the plurality of sub-items include at least one of the following: whether the task is completed, and the reason that the task is not completed.
  • Information 4 includes at least one of the following: a new task, a task end instruction.
  • Machine learning methods include, but are not limited to, linear regression, decision trees, support vector machines, Bayesian classifiers, and the like.
  • the role of machine learning is that when the management node performs the above calculations, it can use machine learning to speed up the calculation, or calculate better results.
  • Each management node is connected to a common node distributed on the same control plane.
  • Each management node manages a common node that performs tasks on the control plane network, and classifies common nodes that perform the same task or related tasks into the same task. network.
  • the entire intelligent measurement and control communication network is logically divided into control plane and business plane. All of these nodes on the control plane and the service plane are interconnected by wireless links to form a network, forming an intelligent measurement and control communication network system.
  • the business plane is divided into a business plane task subnet 1 that performs high-precision orbit determination task 1 and a business plane task subnet 2 of collaborative investigation task 2.
  • the common nodes on the same task subnet have the same business plane identifier (such as the IP address of the same network segment) and the same service plane routing protocol.
  • Ordinary nodes on different task subnets may have different service plane identifiers (such as IP addresses of the same network segment) and different service plane routing protocols.
  • the biggest difference between the business plane and the control plane is that the ordinary node can be divided into the business plane when the task is executed, and the normal node can be assigned to the control plane after the task is not executed or the task is executed.
  • the ordinary node may have a routing protocol different from the control plane, an IP address identifier of the node, and a topological relationship of the connection relationship between the nodes.
  • the task information of each task performed by the ordinary node, the topological relationship of other common nodes, and the normal operation of each device are transmitted to the management node. Based on the received information, the management node calculates and updates the routes of each common node, tasks to be performed, and the like in real time.
  • the management node calculates the routes of all the nodes of the entire network or manages the tasks to be performed by each node according to the collected information of the ordinary nodes, and sends the tasks to be performed by the nodes to the corresponding ordinary nodes according to the calculation result, Identification of business planes, topology relationships, and routing protocols.
  • the sender of the same information about the same ordinary node may not be one.
  • the task information may come from the ground-based monitoring station.
  • the topological relationship between the node and other common nodes, and the normal operation of the devices of the node may come from the ordinary node itself.
  • the management node is a ground-based measurement and control station, and the common node is a number of satellites.
  • the orbit information of all satellites, the topology information of the entire measurement and control communication network including the ground-based monitoring station and all satellites, and the task information that each satellite should perform (ie, information 1) are already stored in the ground-based measurement and control station.
  • the ground-based monitoring station is calculated to, when each satellite is over-the-top, the ground-based monitoring station sends each satellite its task to be performed, which satellites should be connected to form a specific topology (ie, information 2). All satellites perform this task based on the received mission information until they receive new mission information from the ground-based monitoring station (ie, information 4).
  • the management node is a ground-based measurement and control station, and the common node is a number of satellites.
  • the orbital information of all satellites, the topological information of the entire measurement and control communication network including itself and all satellites, and the task information that each satellite should perform (ie, information 1) are already stored in the ground-based measurement and control station.
  • the ground-based monitoring station is calculated to, when each satellite is over-the-top, the ground-based monitoring station sends each satellite its task to be performed, which satellites should be connected to form a specific topology (ie, information 2). All satellites perform tasks according to the received task information. After the task is completed or after the task is faulty, the task completion information or task error information (ie, information 3) is sent to the ground-based measurement and control station when the top is over.
  • the management node is a ground-based measurement and control station, and the common node is a number of satellites.
  • the orbit information of all satellites, the topology information of the entire measurement and control communication network including the ground-based monitoring station and all satellites, and the task information that each satellite should perform (ie, information 1) are already stored in the ground-based measurement and control station.
  • the ground-based monitoring station is calculated to forward information on all satellites to which satellites should be performed, and which satellites should be connected to form a specific topology (ie, information 2) to be forwarded to other satellites through the satellite. All satellites perform this task based on the received mission information until they receive new mission information from the ground-based monitoring station (ie, information 4).
  • the transmission of information 4 is also forwarded to all satellites via an over-the-top satellite. Each satellite that acts as a transit may not be the same satellite.
  • the management node is a ground-based measurement and control station, and the common node is a number of satellites.
  • the orbit information of all satellites, the topology information of the entire measurement and control communication network including the ground-based monitoring station and all satellites, and the task information that each satellite should perform (ie, information 1) are already stored in the ground-based measurement and control station.
  • the ground-based monitoring station is calculated to forward information on all satellites to which satellites should be performed, and which satellites should be connected to form a specific topology (ie, information 2) to be forwarded to other satellites through the satellite. All satellites perform tasks based on the received task information.
  • the task completion information or task error information (ie, information 3) is sent to the ground-based measurement and control station.
  • the transmission of information 3 is forwarded to the ground-based monitoring station by an over-the-top satellite. Each time the forwarding satellite is not the same satellite.
  • the management node is one or several specific satellites, such as relay satellites, and the common nodes are other satellites.
  • Orbital information for all other satellites, topology information for the entire measurement and control communication network including all satellites, mission information for all other satellites, etc. (ie, information 1), have been stored in the above specific satellites.
  • the above specific satellites are calculated to send other satellites the tasks they should perform, and which satellites should be connected to form a specific topology (ie, information 2) when other satellites are in their own beam range. All satellites perform this task based on the received mission information until they receive new mission information (ie, information 4) from the above specific satellites.
  • the management node is one or several specific satellites, such as relay satellites, and the common nodes are other satellites.
  • Orbital information for all other satellites, topology information for the entire measurement and control communication network including all satellites, mission information for all other satellites, etc. (ie, information 1), have been stored in the above specific satellites.
  • the above specific satellites are calculated to send other satellites the tasks they should perform and the satellites they should be connected to form a specific topology (ie, information 2) as they pass through their own beam range. After other satellites perform tasks, or after a task error, they send task completion information or task error information (ie, information 3) to these specific satellites.
  • the management node is one or several specific satellites, such as relay satellites, and the common nodes are other satellites.
  • Orbital information for all other satellites, topology information for the entire measurement and control communication network including all satellites, mission information for all other satellites, etc. (ie, information 1), have been stored in the above specific satellites.
  • the above specific satellites are calculated, and when a certain satellite passes its own beam range, all the tasks to be performed by the satellites, which satellites should be connected to form a specific topology, etc. (ie, information 2) are forwarded to all through the satellite.
  • the transmission of information 4 is also forwarded to all satellites by some other satellite within the range of a particular satellite beam. Each other satellite that acts as a forwarder may not be the same satellite.
  • the management node is one or several specific satellites, such as relay satellites, and the common nodes are other satellites.
  • Orbital information for all other satellites, topology information for the entire measurement and control communication network including all satellites, mission information for all other satellites, etc. (ie, information 1), have been stored in the above specific satellites.
  • the above specific satellites are calculated, and when a certain satellite passes its own beam range, all the tasks to be performed by the satellites, which satellites should be connected to form a specific topology, etc. (ie, information 2) are forwarded to all through the satellite.
  • Other satellites are used to forward all through the satellite.
  • All other satellites perform tasks based on the received task information, and after the task is completed or after the task is faulty, the task completion information or the task error information (ie, information 3) is sent to the above specific satellite.
  • the transmission of information 3 is also forwarded by some other satellite within the range of a particular satellite beam.
  • Each other satellite that acts as a forwarder may not be the same satellite.
  • the management node is one or several specific satellites, such as relay satellites, and the common nodes are other satellites.
  • the orbit information of other satellites, the topology information of the entire measurement and control communication network including all satellites (ie, part of sub-item 1 of information 1), is transmitted by other satellites to the specific satellite through the inter-satellite link. All other satellites should perform mission information, etc. (ie, part 2 of Message 1), which is sent by the ground-based monitoring station to a particular satellite when the particular satellite is over-the-top, or forwarded by the other satellite when one of the other satellites is over the top. To a specific satellite.
  • the above specific satellites are calculated to send other satellites the tasks they should perform and the satellites they should be connected to form a specific topology (ie, information 2) as they pass through their own beam range. All satellites perform this task based on the received mission information until they receive new mission information (ie, information 4) from the above specific satellites.
  • the management node is one or several specific satellites, such as relay satellites, and the common nodes are other satellites. Orbital information of other satellites, topology information of the entire measurement and control communication network including all satellites, mission information that all other satellites should perform, ie, information 1 is sent to a specific satellite by the ground-based monitoring station when the specific satellite is over the top. Or forward to a particular satellite through the other satellite when one of the other satellites is over the top.
  • the above specific satellites are calculated to send other satellites the tasks they should perform and the satellites they should be connected to form a specific topology (ie, information 2) as they pass through their own beam range. All satellites perform this task based on the received mission information until they receive new mission information (ie, information 4) from the above specific satellites.

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Abstract

本发明公开的一种智能测控通信网络系统，旨在提供一种能够提高网络运行效率、运行能力和满足多样化服务的网络系统。本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现：智能测控通信网络至少由管理节点、普通节点两种节点组成，整个智能测控通信网络从逻辑上分为控制面和业务面，控制面和业务面分别采用不同的组网方式各司其责，控制面选择最短路径的路由策略使得控制面上的管理节点能够连通所有普通节点；业务面按节点执行的任务分为多个任务子网，各个任务子网根据各自任务要求可以选择不同的路由策略；控制面根据任务的应用和场景需要，并结合外部变化的参数，利用机器智能学习，实时生成新的数学模型，向业务面下发新的任务指令；地基测控站通过星地链路与管理节点连通，通过管理节点间接的对普通节点实现测控通信。

Description

智能测控通信网络系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种测控通信网络，尤其是能够满足未来空间飞行器数量激增，对测控和卫星应用需求大大增加的智能测控通信网络。
背景技术
测控通信网络是现代航天技术、测控、通信、网络技术结合的产物，它充分利用卫星覆盖范围大以及组网卫星群灵活、高效传输的特点，通过卫星节点间以及卫星节点与地面和空中节点间的组网与互联，实现面向全球的高效、无缝通信。智能测控通信网络是由不同轨道上多种类型的卫星系统,按照空间信息资源的最大有效综合利用星间通信链路的互通互联,构成的智能化体。该网络可以综合多种航天系统,包括侦察监视、环境与灾害监视、资源探测、预警、导航定位等,具有自主运行和管理能力以及智能化的信息获取、贮存、处理和分发能力。智能测控通信网络主要由信息获取、信息传输息处理、导航定位、网络管理和安全防御等系统组组成。信息获取系统主要担负信息的收集任务；信息传输系统主要担负信息传输和中继任务,包括通信卫星、广播卫星、数据中继卫星和地面接收系统；信息处理系统主要完成卫星获取数据的预处理、二次处理及信息融合和综合分析等任务包括各卫星装载的高性能信息处理机及相应的软件和数据库、专门的数据处理卫星和地面处理与应用系统；导航定位系统由不同轨道的多颗导航卫星和地面监控系统组成,为从地面到太空包括卫星在内的各种移动或静止载体提供导航、测速和授时服务。网络管理系统由地面管理中心和有数据中继或信息处理卫星的计算机系统构成的天基管理中心共同组成,可分别独立或联合完成网络星座运行监测、指挥与控制、以及信息交换的管理与控制功能；安全防御系统负责天基网络的安全。由于空间网络环境不同于地面,数据网络传输时延大、信号电平弱、信道噪声大，可能包含一条或多条不可靠空间数据传输链路，存在多普勒频地通信频繁中断问题。航天器测控资源消耗随目标数量的增长而快速上升，空间环日益复杂，现有的地基测控通信网对卫星多星组网的运行管理、监视测控和信息传输将不能适应其使用要求，带来很大的网络管理问题，现有的运行管理模式基本不能适用。现有的中低轨道大卫星由于其数量少，基本是单星工作模式，对观测目标重访周期长，地基测控通信网难以承受各种卫星星座组网的运行管理和监视测控的工作。靠目前国内卫星地基测控站来支持将来卫星星座系统的信息传输也将是很大问题，主要困难是 国内地基测控站仅能支持卫星过顶时的数据接收，不能发挥卫星星座全球实时观测信息获取的优势，其二是国内卫星地面的数量限制将造成星地通信任务的时间冲突。采用地基测控通信系统在目前是有困难的，这是由于地基任务辅助支持系统本身的限制，地面通信网的制约，使飞行控制支持程序变得极其复杂和困难。未来智能测控通信网络提供的服务日益多样，不同服务对组网技术的需求不同。未来，随着卫星数量的增多，智能测控通信网络逐渐变得庞大而复杂，单纯依靠人工管理和操作的方式，测控资源占用率过高、任务响应不及时、操作人员负担重、出错概率高，智能测控通信网络技术有利于降低测控资源使用、操作人员负担及错误风险。
在测控通信网络中应用智能认知技术以NASA的SCaN试验床为典型代表。此试验床于2008年左右研制，已经搭载在国际空间站上。其目前的研究重点是CognitiveCommunicationProject。NASA正在利用研发的智能路由软件Cogent在SCaN空间测试床上进行认知组网在轨应用概念验证。Cogent支持自适应路由、多链路操作，可处理DTN和IP两种协议。目前还不能控制测试床上运行的无线电系统(运行固定或自适应波形)。
Cognent在层间边界处创建虚拟接口，代表不同底层选项集合，这样，Cognent的运行不会影响直接到达实际底层接口的数据流。例如，IP和链路层之间，使用IP路由表选择适当的出接口。特定试验子网业务可以发送至Cognent虚拟接口，其它业务则继续正常选择路线。这一方法以增量部署的方式运行认知组网，同时有“故障保险”选项，绕过认知决策制定。Cogent软件当前版本能感知并适应链路特性，还不能检查自己的决策和实现学习算法。
Cogent设计的主要单元包括认知引擎、认知引擎之上的应用编程接口、调度算法和内容缓存。这项工作实施的初步重点是实现DTN数据流，适应底层链路数据率的变化，同时使DTN具备使用多条链路集合的能力。另外，对具有不同服务质量需求的应用，当前版本的Cogent能够优化无线电链路选择，实现延迟最低和带宽最高。例如，对于低延迟，Cognent能够选择直达地球链路而不是空间网中继接口，对于高吞吐量，选择Ka波段而不是S波段。
NASA建设Cogent原型系统的主要意图是提供一种工具，通过在SCaN测试床上实现早期认知代理明确未来所需的研究。此外，NASA还使用Cogent收集日常运行中的数据，NASA希望使用这一信息支持未来网关级的“小型脑”运行和网络级的“大型脑”运行，但相应的学习算法实施还处于起步阶段。
未来智能测控通信网络系统发展的趋势主要体现在：
(1)编队拓扑构型多样且灵活可重构
(2)星间链路频段的提高以及有限视场组网是研究热点
(3)高精度的相对测量和时间比对是研究重点
(4)集群自主操控和天/地联合管理是技术发展的重要方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的是主要针对航天器测控资源消耗随航天器数量的增长而快速上升的问题以及日益复杂的空间环境，提供一种能够提高网络运行效率、网络自主运行能力和满足多样化的服务需求的智能测控通信网络系统。
本发明解决现有技术问题所采用的方案是：一种智能测控通信网络系统，具有如下技术特征：智能测控通信网络至少由管理节点、普通节点两种节点组成，为了便于管理和网络的高效运转，整个智能测控通信网络从逻辑上分为控制面和业务面，并且将所有航天器分为管理节点、普通节点和网关节点，以地基测控站或者至少一颗特定卫星作为管理节点，普通节点组成其中一个业务面，业务面按节点执行的任务分为多个任务子网，各个任务子网分别完成各自的任务，同时快速响应多个任务，进行自主网络构建和自主的跨层网络资源管理以及具有资源认知的智能路由，以满足网络可伸缩的能力；控制面和业务面分别采用不同的组网方式各司其责，通过业务面的不同子网同时响应多个不同应用；控制面根据任务的应用和场景需要，结合外部变化的参数实时生成新的数学模型，自适应地改变网络行为或算法、逻辑、编码参数，选择最短路径的路由策略，通过机器智能学习向业务面选择一个新的管理节点，管理节点连通所有普通节点，通过星地链路测控编队航天器集群目标与信息交互的目标，快速分发包括地面指令的控制信息；地基测控站通过星地链路与管理节点连通，通过管理节点间接的对普通节点实现测控通信。
本发明相比于现有技术具有如下有益效果：
1、提高了网络运行效率。本发明将整个智能测控通信网络从逻辑上分为控制面和业务面，两个面负责的功能和组网方式不同；控制面完成全网的拓扑信息维护、全网路由维护、控制信息(包括地面指令)的分发和网络管理。控制面根据任务的应用和场景需要，结合机器学习，选择最短路径的路由策略，保证控制信息的快速分发；由普通节点组成的业务面按节点执行的任务分为多个任务子网，每个任务子网内的节点相互协作完成某一任务。各个子网分别完成各自的任务，互不干扰，实现对多个任务的同时快速响应；实现自主网络构建，进行自主的跨层网络资源管理以及具有资源认知的智能路由，满足网络可伸缩的能力，并大幅度的减少子网内路由维护信息等协议开销，提高网络运行效率，并能适应日益复杂的空间网络环境。
2、本发明将整个智能测控通信网络从逻辑上分为控制面和业务面，两个面分别采用不同的组网方式各司其责，通过业务面的不同子网同时响应多个不同应用，实现编队航天器等集群目标同时测控与信息交互的目标，解决了传统测控中心集中式带来的问题；并在此基础上，基于认知网络技术，采用机器学习的方法解决空间环境动态性、干扰随机性、任务多样 性带来的挑战，使得系统具备自主、自适应、可伸缩的能力。
3、支持具有不同组网需求的多种服务类型。本发明针对未来智能测控通信网络提供的服务日益多样，不同服务对组网技术的需求不同，将业务面按节点执行的任务分为多个任务子网，每个任务子网内的节点根据服务的需求智能优化网络配置，相互协作完成某一任务。各个子网分别完成各自的任务，互不干扰，实现对多个任务的同时快速响应，为多种服务提供高效可靠的组网支持。
4、提高系统适应性和可用性。本发明通过数学建模和深度学习，智能测控通信网络系统具有自主学习能力。当环境变化时、新服务类型出现时，或者系统出错时，结合外部变化的参数，智能测控通信网络系统在外部环境变化时、系统出差错的时候，会智能学习并实时生成新的数学模型，自适应地改变网络行为或参数(如算法、逻辑、编码等)，从而提高系统的适应性和可用性。
本发明可以广泛应用于广域SAR、长基线干涉仪对地精确定位、高分辨率侦察监视、天基预警探测、无人机协同侦察、集群攻击等集群作战任务，适应未来智能测控通信网络日益复杂的环境，提高网络运行效率、自主操控能力。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是根据本发明实施例的智能测控通信网络系统的示意图。
图2是根据本发明实施例的控制面与业务面划分方式示意图。
具体实施方式
参阅图1。在以下描述的实施例中，在一种智能测控通信网络系统中，智能测控通信网络至少包括：管理节点和普通节点。为了便于管理和网络的高效运转，整个智能测控通信网络从逻辑上分为控制面和业务面，并且将所有航天器分为管理节点、普通节点和网关节点。以地基测控站或者至少一颗特定卫星作为管理节点，普通节点组成业务面。业务面按节点执行的任务分为多个任务子网，各个任务子网分别完成各自的任务，同时快速响应多个任务，进行自主网络构建和自主的跨层网络资源管理以及具有资源认知的智能路由，以满足网络可伸缩的能力。控制面和业务面分别采用不同的组网方式各司其责。通过业务面的不同子网同时响应多个不同应用。控制面根据任务的应用和场景需要，结合外部变化的参数实时生成新的数学模型，自适应地改变网络行为或算法、逻辑、编码参数，选择最短路径的路由策略，通过机器智能学习向业务面选择一个新的管理节点，管理节点连通所有普通节点，通过星地链路测控编队航天器集群目标与信息交互的目标，快速分发包括地面指令的控制信息。地基测控站通过星地链路与管理节点连通，通过管理节点间接的对普通节点实现测控通信。
地基测控站将中低轨卫星分为连通星间链路的有星间链集群和无星间链集群。有星间链集群和无星间链集群通过星地测控数传链路或中继测控链路完成测控、通信和相对测量等任务。控制面包含管理节点和普通节点。管理节点有可能为地基测控站或者某一个特定航天器或者多个特定航天器。普通节点即一般的执行任务的航天器。因为不是所有节点能够直接与地基测控站连通，所以将可以直接与地基测控站连通的航天器称为网关节点。网关节点随着航天器的移动，在不同时间可以由不同航天器担任。因此处理能力较强的管理节点负责整个智能测控通信网络的路由、任务分发的管理工作。执行任务的航天器为普通节点。直接与地基测控站连通的航天器为网关节点。地基测控站与管理节点或普通节点之间的信息传输由网关节点中转。
管理节点接收来自普通节点和/或地基测控站的信息1，经过信息1计算信息2，向每个普通节点发送信息2。普通节点收到信息2后开始执行任务，在任务执行完毕后或出错后向管理节点发送信息3，或者在没有收到来自管理节点的信息4的情况下一直执行当前任务。当上述计算过程在智能测控通信网络系统的外部环境变化时和系统出差错的时候，会智能学习并实时生成新的数学模型，自适应地改变网络行为或算法、逻辑、编码这些参数。管理节点和未执行任务或任务执行完毕后的普通节点，在逻辑上位于控制面。执行任务时的普通节点，在逻辑上位于业务面。普通节点位于控制面或业务面可以具有以下至少之一：不同的标识，不同的路由协议，不同的与其它普通节点的连接关系。
以上的任务包括但不限于以下至少之一：导航、遥感、侦察、通信等。管理节点可以是以下之一地基测控站，一颗或几颗特定卫星。
信息1包括多个子项。多个子项包含以下至少之一：任务信息，位置信息，拓扑信息(即所有节点间连接关系)，普通节点自身各设备运行状态。任务信息包括以下之一：普通节点自身的任务信息，局部节点的任务信息，所有节点的任务信息。位置信息包括以下之一：普通节点自身的位置信息，局部的位置信息，整网的位置信息。拓扑信息包括以下之一：普通节点自身的拓扑信息，局部的拓扑信息，整网的拓扑信息。
信息1中的任务信息可以不是具体针对某一些普通节点的，而是整个智能测控通信网络应完成的任务。管理节点自行计算出针对每一个普通节点的信息2。
信息1中的每一个子项可以来自不同的地方。例如：任务信息来自地基测控站，位置信息、拓扑信息、设备运行状态来自普通节点自身。
信息2包括多个子项。多个子项包含以下至少之一：当前普通节点执行的任务，当前普通节点所使用的路由协议，当前普通节点在业务面的标识，其它普通节点在业务面的标识。
信息3包括多个子项，多个子项包含以下至少之一：任务是否完成，任务未完成的原 因。
信息4包括以下至少之一：新任务，任务结束指令。
管理节点计算信息2时，可以采用机器学习的方法。机器学习的方法包括但不限于：线性回归，决策树，支持向量机，贝叶斯分类器等。机器学习的作用在于，管理节点在进行以上计算时，可以利用机器学习加快计算速度，或者计算得到更优的结果。
如图2所示为划分控制面和业务面的一个实施例。每个管理节点连通分布在同一控制面上的普通节点，每个管理节点对分布在控制面网络上执行任务的普通节点进行管理，将执行同一任务或相关任务的普通节点划为同一个任务子网。为了便于管理和网络的高效运转，整个智能测控通信网络从逻辑上分为控制面和业务面。控制面和业务面上的所有这些节点通过无线链路相互连接形成网状，构成智能测控通信网络系统。业务面划分为执行高精度定轨任务1的业务面任务子网1和协同侦查任务2的业务面任务子网2。同一任务子网上的普通节点具有同一属性的业务面标识(如同一网段的IP地址)，相同的业务面路由协议等。不同任务子网上的普通节点可以具有不同属性的业务面标识(如同一网段的IP地址)，不同的业务面路由协议等。
业务面与控制面的最大区别在于，普通节点执行任务便可被划分到业务面，普通节点未执行任务或者任务执行完毕便可被划到控制面。其次，普通节点进入业务面后，可以具有不同于控制面的路由协议、节点的IP地址标识、节点间连接关系的拓扑关系等。每个普通节点所执行任务的任务信息、其它普通节点的拓扑关系、将各设备运行正常与否等信息传递给管理节点。管理节点根据收到的这些信息，实时计算并更新每个普通节点的路由、应执行的任务等。而且，管理节点根据收集到的普通节点这些信息，计算全网所有节点的路由或者对每个节点应执行的任务进行管理，并根据计算结果向相应的普通节点发送该节点应执行的任务、在业务面的标识、拓扑关系和路由协议等。关于同一个普通节点的这些信息的发送者可能不是一个，如任务信息可能来自地基测控站，该节点与其它普通节点的拓扑关系、该节点的各设备运行正常与否可能来自普通节点自身。
参阅图1，图2。
实施例1
管理节点为地基测控站，普通节点为数颗卫星。所有卫星的轨道信息、包含地基测控站和所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、每个卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，都已经存储在地基测控站。地基测控站经过计算，在每个卫星过顶时，地基测控站向每个卫星发送其应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)。所有卫星根据收到的任务信息，一直执行这一任务，直到在过顶时收到来自地基测控站的新的任务信息(即 信息4)。
实施例2
管理节点为地基测控站，普通节点为数颗卫星。所有卫星的轨道信息、包含自身和所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、每个卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，都已经存储在地基测控站。地基测控站经过计算，在每个卫星过顶时，地基测控站向每个卫星发送其应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)。所有卫星根据收到的任务信息执行任务，任务完成后或任务出错后，在过顶时向地基测控站发送任务完成信息或任务出错信息(即信息3)。
实施3
管理节点为地基测控站，普通节点为数颗卫星。所有卫星的轨道信息、包含地基测控站和所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、每个卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，都已经存储在地基测控站。地基测控站经过计算，在某一颗卫星过顶时，将所有卫星的应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)通过该卫星转发给其它卫星。所有卫星根据收到的任务信息，一直执行这一任务，直到收到来自地基测控站的新的任务信息(即信息4)。信息4的传递同样通过某一颗过顶卫星转发至所有卫星。每次起中转作用的卫星可以不是同一颗卫星。
实施例4
管理节点为地基测控站，普通节点为数颗卫星。所有卫星的轨道信息、包含地基测控站和所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、每个卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，都已经存储在地基测控站。地基测控站经过计算，在某一颗卫星过顶时，将所有卫星的应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)通过该卫星转发给其它卫星。所有卫星根据收到的任务信息执行任务，任务完成后或任务出错后，向地基测控站发送任务完成信息或任务出错信息(即信息3)。信息3的传递通过某一颗过顶卫星转发至地基测控站。每次起转发作用的卫星可以不是同一颗卫星。
实施例5
管理节点为某一颗或几颗特定卫星，如中继卫星，普通节点为其它数颗卫星。所有其它卫星的轨道信息、包含所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、所有其它卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，都已经存储在以上特定卫星。以上特定卫星经过计算，在其它卫星位于自身波束范围时，向其它卫星发送其应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)。所有卫星根据收到的任务信息，一直执行这一任务，直到收到来自以上特定卫星的新的任务信息(即信息4)。
实施例6
管理节点为某一颗或几颗特定卫星，如中继卫星，普通节点为其它数颗卫星。所有其它卫星的轨道信息、包含所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、所有其它卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，都已经存储在以上特定卫星。以上特定卫星经过计算，在其它卫星经过自身波束范围时，向其它卫星发送其应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)。其它卫星执行完任务后，或任务出错后，向这些特定卫星发送任务完成信息或任务出错信息(即信息3)。
实施例7
管理节点为某一颗或几颗特定卫星，如中继卫星，普通节点为其它数颗卫星。所有其它卫星的轨道信息、包含所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、所有其它卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，都已经存储在以上特定卫星。以上特定卫星经过计算，在某一颗其它卫星经过自身波束范围时，将所有卫星的应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)通过该卫星转发给所有的其它卫星。所有其它卫星根据收到的任务信息，一直执行这一任务，直到收到来自以上特定卫星的新的任务信息(即信息4)。信息4的传递同样通过某一颗处于特定卫星波束范围内的其它卫星转发至所有卫星。每次起转发作用的其它卫星可以不是同一颗卫星。
实施例8
管理节点为某一颗或几颗特定卫星，如中继卫星，普通节点为其它数颗卫星。所有其它卫星的轨道信息、包含所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、所有其它卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，都已经存储在以上特定卫星。以上特定卫星经过计算，在某一颗其它卫星经过自身波束范围时，将所有卫星的应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)通过该卫星转发给所有的其它卫星。所有其它卫星根据收到的任务信息执行任务，任务完成后或任务出错后，向以上特定卫星发送任务完成信息或任务出错信息(即信息3)。信息3的传递同样通过某一颗处于特定卫星波束范围内的其它卫星转发。每次起转发作用的其它卫星可以不是同一颗卫星。
实施例9～12
管理节点为某一颗或几颗特定卫星，如中继卫星，普通节点为其它数颗卫星。其它卫星的轨道信息、包含所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息等(即信息1的部分子项1)，由其它卫星通过星间链路发送至特定卫星。所有其它卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1的部分子项2)，由地基测控站在特定卫星过顶时发送至特定卫星，或者在某一颗其它卫星过顶时通过该其它卫星转发至特定卫星。以上特定卫星经过计算，在其它卫星经过自身波束范围时， 向其它卫星发送其应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)。所有卫星根据收到的任务信息，一直执行这一任务，直到收到来自以上特定卫星的新的任务信息(即信息4)。
实施例13～16
管理节点为某一颗或几颗特定卫星，如中继卫星，普通节点为其它数颗卫星。其它卫星的轨道信息、包含所有卫星在内的整个测控通信网络的拓扑信息、所有其它卫星应执行的任务信息等(即信息1)，由地基测控站在特定卫星过顶时发送至特定卫星，或者在某一颗其它卫星过顶时通过该其它卫星转发至特定卫星。以上特定卫星经过计算，在其它卫星经过自身波束范围时，向其它卫星发送其应执行的任务、应与哪些卫星相连以形成特定拓扑等信息(即信息2)。所有卫星根据收到的任务信息，一直执行这一任务，直到收到来自以上特定卫星的新的任务信息(即信息4)。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种智能测控通信网络系统，智能测控通信网络至少包括：至少一个管理节点和至少一个普通节点，所述智能测控通信网络从逻辑上分为控制面和业务面，并且将所有航天器分为作为管理节点的第一部分航天器、作为普通节点的第二部分航天器和作为网关节点的第三部分航天器，以地基测控站或者至少一颗特定卫星作为所述至少一个管理节点，所述至少一个普通节点中的部分普通节点组成所述业务面，所述业务面按所述部分普通节点执行的任务分为多个任务子网，各个任务子网分别完成各自的任务，进行自主网络构建和自主的跨层网络资源管理以及具有资源认知的智能路由；所述控制面和所述业务面分别采用不同的组网方式各司其责，通过所述业务面的不同子网同时响应多个不同应用；所述控制面根据任务的应用和场景需要，结合外部变化的参数实时生成新的数学模型，自适应地改变网络行为或算法、逻辑、编码参数，选择最短路径的路由策略，通过机器智能学习向所述业务面选择一个新的管理节点，选择的管理节点连通所有普通节点，通过星地链路测控编队航天器集群目标与信息交互的目标，分发包括地面指令的控制信息；地基测控站通过星地链路与下发的管理节点连通，通过下发的管理节点间接的对所有普通节点实现测控通信。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中，所述地基测控站将中低轨卫星分为连通星间链路的有星间链集群和无星间链集群，所述有星间链集群和所述无星间链集群通过星地测控数传链路或中继测控链路完成测控、通信和相对测量任务。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中，所述控制面包含至少一个管理节点和至少一个普通节点，处理能力较强的管理节点负责整个智能测控通信网络的路由、任务分发的管理工作；执行任务的航天器为普通节点，直接与地基测控站连通的航天器为网关节点，地基测控站与每个管理节点或每个普通节点之间的信息传输由网关节点中转。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中，下发的管理节点接收来自每个普通节点和/或地基测控站的第一信息，经过所述第一信息计算第二信息，向每个普通节点发送所述第二信息，每个普通节点收到所述第二信息后开始执行任务，在任务执行完毕后或出错后向下发的管理节点发送第三信息，或者在没有收到来自下发的管理节点的第四信息的情况下一直执行当前任务，当上述计算过程在智能测控通信网络系统的外部环境变化时或系统出差错的时候，会智能学习并实时生成新的数学模型，自适应地改变网络行为或算法、逻辑、编码这些参数。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中，未下发的管理节点、未执行任务的普通节点以及任务执行完毕后的普通节点，在逻辑上位于控制面，执行任务的普通节点，在逻 辑上位于业务面。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中，位于控制面的普通节点与位于业务面的普通节点具有以下区别至少之一：不同的标识，不同的路由协议，不同的与其它普通节点的拓扑关系。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中：所述业务面划分为多个任务子网，如执行高精度定轨任务的第一业务面任务子网和协同侦查任务的第二业务面任务子网，在同一业务面任务子网上，按网络分布的普通节点具有同一属性的业务面标识，同一网段的IP地址，相同的业务面路由协议，不同任务子网的普通节点具有不同属性的业务面标识，不同网段的IP地址，不同的业务面路由协议。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中，每个管理节点连通分布在同一控制面上的普通节点，每个管理节点对分布在控制面网络上执行任务的普通节点进行管理，将执行同一任务或相关任务的普通节点划为同一个任务子网。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中，所述控制面和所述业务面区别在于，执行任务的普通节点被划到所述业务面，未执行任务或者任务执行完毕的普通节点被划到所述控制面，进入业务面的普通节点具有不同于控制面的路由协议、节点的IP地址标识、节点间拓扑关系。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的智能测控通信网络系统，其中，每个普通节点所执行任务的任务信息、与其它普通节点的拓扑关系、将各设备运行正常与否信息传递给下发的管理节点，下发的管理节点根据收到的这些信息，实时计算并更新每个普通节点的路由和应执行的任务，并根据收集到的普通节点信息，计算全网所有节点的路由或者对每个节点应执行的任务进行管理，根据计算结果向相应的普通节点发送该节点应执行的任务、在业务面的标识、拓扑关系和路由协议。
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