WO2019182385A1 - 영상 부호화/복호화 방법, 장치 및 비트스트림을 저장한 기록 매체 - Google Patents

영상 부호화/복호화 방법, 장치 및 비트스트림을 저장한 기록 매체 Download PDF

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WO2019182385A1
WO2019182385A1 PCT/KR2019/003324 KR2019003324W WO2019182385A1 WO 2019182385 A1 WO2019182385 A1 WO 2019182385A1 KR 2019003324 W KR2019003324 W KR 2019003324W WO 2019182385 A1 WO2019182385 A1 WO 2019182385A1
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Prior art keywords
block
information
current block
motion vector
value
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PCT/KR2019/003324
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English (en)
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
임성창
강정원
이하현
이진호
김휘용
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한국전자통신연구원
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Application filed by 한국전자통신연구원 filed Critical 한국전자통신연구원
Priority to CN202311056369.XA priority Critical patent/CN116866566A/zh
Priority to CN202311054682.XA priority patent/CN116866563A/zh
Priority to CN201980030794.7A priority patent/CN112088533A/zh
Priority to US16/982,972 priority patent/US11516496B2/en
Priority to CN202311056216.5A priority patent/CN116866565A/zh
Publication of WO2019182385A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019182385A1/ko
Priority to US17/972,913 priority patent/US20230041717A1/en
Priority to US18/213,075 priority patent/US20230336766A1/en
Priority to US18/235,076 priority patent/US20230396791A1/en

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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for encoding / decoding an image, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for encoding / decoding an image based on information of neighboring blocks.
  • HD high definition
  • UHD ultra high definition
  • An inter-screen prediction technique for predicting pixel values included in the current picture from a picture before or after the current picture using an image compression technique, an intra-prediction technology for predicting pixel values included in the current picture using pixel information in the current picture, There are various techniques such as transformation and quantization techniques for compressing the energy of the residual signal, entropy coding technique for assigning short codes to high-frequency values and long codes for low-frequency values. Image data can be effectively compressed and transmitted or stored.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a video encoding / decoding method and apparatus having improved compression efficiency, and a recording medium storing a bitstream generated by the video encoding method / apparatus of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a method for storing at least one of a bit depth reduction, a storage space size reduction, and a statistical value calculation when storing information of a block in order to reduce hardware resources and memory bandwidth.
  • the purpose is to provide the medium.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an encoding and decoding method based on information of neighboring blocks, and a recording medium storing a bitstream.
  • the present invention also provides a method, an apparatus, and a recording medium for storing a bitstream, which can reduce the size of a line buffer required for storing information of a neighboring block or remove the line buffer required for storing information of a neighboring block. It aims to do it.
  • the image decoding method comprises the steps of: loading information of neighboring blocks of a current block, performing a decoding process on the current block by using the loaded information of the neighboring block, and generating a result of the decoding process And storing the information of the current block.
  • the loaded neighboring block information may be determined according to whether the neighboring block exists outside a row or column boundary of a coding tree unit (CTU) including the current block. .
  • CTU coding tree unit
  • the decoding when the neighboring block exists outside the row or column boundary of the CTU including the current block, the decoding is performed using only information on the neighboring block existing within the row or column boundary of the CTU.
  • the process can be performed.
  • the decoding process when the neighboring block exists outside the row or column boundary of the CTU including the current block, information of the neighboring block existing within the row or column boundary of the CTU is stored in the row of the CTU.
  • the decoding process may be performed by replacing information of neighboring blocks existing outside the column boundary.
  • the decoding process may be performed by determining the determination.
  • the decoding process when the decoding process is the intra prediction mode, information of neighboring blocks existing outside the row or column boundary of the CTU may be determined as a value indicating the PLANAR mode.
  • a predetermined inverse operation is performed on information of the neighboring block existing outside the row or column boundary of the CTU.
  • the decoding process may be performed using a result obtained by performing an inverse operation.
  • the motion vector value when the decoding process is inter prediction, and the information of the generated current block is a motion vector, the motion vector value may be converted into a floating point representation and stored.
  • the motion vector is generated by 18 bits, and the motion vector value converted into the floating point representation may be represented and stored as a 6-bit mantissa part and a 4-bit exponent part.
  • the scaled motion vector value when the decoding process is inter prediction, and when the information of the generated current block is a scaled motion vector, the scaled motion vector value is not included within a predetermined range, The scaled motion vector value may be changed to a maximum value or a minimum value of the predetermined range and stored.
  • the scaled motion vector value when the scaled motion vector value is smaller than the minimum value of the predetermined range, the scaled motion vector value may be changed to the minimum value and stored.
  • the scaled motion vector value when the scaled motion vector value is larger than the maximum value of the predetermined range, the scaled motion vector value may be changed to the maximum value and stored.
  • the maximum value and the minimum value may be -131072 and 131071.
  • the information of the neighboring block may be loaded from a line buffer or a memory.
  • the generated information of the current block may be stored in a line buffer or a memory.
  • the video encoding method comprises the steps of: loading information on neighboring blocks of a current block, performing encoding on the current block by using the loaded information on the neighboring block, and generating a result of the encoding process And storing the information of the current block.
  • a video encoding / decoding method and apparatus having improved compression efficiency, and a recording medium storing a bitstream generated by the video encoding method / device of the present invention.
  • a method, apparatus and bitstream for performing at least one of a bit depth reduction, a storage space size reduction, and a statistical value calculation when storing information of a block in order to reduce hardware resources and memory bandwidth can be provided.
  • an encoding and decoding method based on information of neighboring blocks and a recording medium storing a bitstream may be provided.
  • a method, an apparatus and a recording medium storing a bitstream to reduce the size of the line buffer required when storing the information of the neighboring block, or to remove the line buffer required when storing the information of the neighboring block May be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a division structure of an image when encoding and decoding an image.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of an intra prediction process.
  • 5 is a diagram for describing an embodiment of an inter prediction process.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing a process of transform and quantization.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for describing an encoding or decoding method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a horizontal line buffer.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a vertical line buffer.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for describing a method in which a current block refers to information of neighboring blocks at a boundary of a CTU row.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for describing a method in which a current block refers to information of neighboring blocks at a boundary of a CTU column.
  • FIGS. 12 to 18 are diagrams for describing a method in which a current block refers to information of a neighboring block at a boundary of a CTU row, according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.
  • the first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component.
  • any component of the invention When any component of the invention is said to be “connected” or “connected” to another component, it may be directly connected to or connected to that other component, but other components may be present in between. It should be understood that it may. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being “directly connected” or “directly connected” to another component, it should be understood that there is no other component in between.
  • each component shown in the embodiments of the present invention are shown independently to represent different characteristic functions, and do not mean that each component is made of separate hardware or one software component unit.
  • each component is included in each component for convenience of description, and at least two of the components may be combined into one component, or one component may be divided into a plurality of components to perform a function.
  • Integrated and separate embodiments of the components are also included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • Some components of the present invention are not essential components for performing essential functions in the present invention but may be optional components for improving performance.
  • the present invention can be implemented including only the components essential for implementing the essentials of the present invention except for the components used for improving performance, and the structure including only the essential components except for the optional components used for improving performance. Also included in the scope of the present invention.
  • an image may mean one picture constituting a video and may represent a video itself.
  • "encoding and / or decoding of an image” may mean “encoding and / or decoding of a video” and may mean “encoding and / or decoding of one of the images constituting the video.” It may be.
  • video and “video” may be used interchangeably and may be used interchangeably.
  • the target image may be an encoding target image that is a target of encoding and / or a decoding target image that is a target of decoding.
  • the target image may be an input image input to the encoding apparatus or may be an input image input to the decoding apparatus.
  • the target image may have the same meaning as the current image.
  • image image
  • picture picture
  • the target block may be an encoding target block that is a target of encoding and / or a decoding target block that is a target of decoding.
  • the target block may be a current block that is a target of current encoding and / or decoding.
  • target block and current block may be used interchangeably and may be used interchangeably.
  • block and “unit” may be used interchangeably and may be used interchangeably. Or “block” may indicate a particular unit.
  • region and “segment” may be used interchangeably.
  • the specific signal may be a signal representing a specific block.
  • the original signal may be a signal representing a target block.
  • the prediction signal may be a signal representing a prediction block.
  • the residual signal may be a signal representing a residual block.
  • each of the specified information, data, flag, index and element, attribute, etc. may have a value.
  • the value "0" of information, data, flags, indexes, elements, attributes, etc. may represent a logical false or first predefined value. In other words, the value "0", false, logical false and the first predefined value can be used interchangeably.
  • the value "1" of information, data, flags, indexes, elements, attributes, etc. may represent a logical true or second predefined value. In other words, the value "1", true, logical true and the second predefined value can be used interchangeably.
  • i When a variable such as i or j is used to indicate a row, column or index, the value of i may be an integer greater than or equal to zero and may be an integer greater than or equal to one. In other words, in embodiments, rows, columns, indexes, etc. may be counted from zero, and counted from one.
  • Encoder refers to a device that performs encoding. That is, it may mean an encoding device.
  • Decoder Means an apparatus that performs decoding. That is, it may mean a decoding device.
  • An MxN array of samples An MxN array of samples.
  • M and N may refer to positive integer values, and the block may refer to a two-dimensional sample array.
  • a block may mean a unit.
  • the current block may mean an encoding target block to be encoded at the time of encoding, and a decoding target block to be decoded at the time of decoding.
  • the current block may be at least one of a coding block, a prediction block, a residual block, and a transform block.
  • Sample The basic unit of a block. It can be expressed as a value from 0 to 2 Bd -1 according to the bit depth (B d ).
  • B d bit depth
  • a sample may be used in the same meaning as a pixel or a pixel. That is, samples, pixels, and pixels may have the same meaning.
  • Unit may mean a unit of image encoding and decoding.
  • the unit may be a region obtained by dividing one image.
  • a unit may mean a divided unit when a single image is divided into subdivided units to be encoded or decoded. That is, one image may be divided into a plurality of units.
  • a predetermined process may be performed for each unit.
  • One unit may be further divided into subunits having a smaller size than the unit.
  • the unit may be a block, a macroblock, a coding tree unit, a coding tree block, a coding unit, a coding block, a prediction.
  • the unit may mean a unit, a prediction block, a residual unit, a residual block, a transform unit, a transform block, or the like.
  • the unit may refer to a luma component block, a chroma component block corresponding thereto, and a syntax element for each block in order to refer to the block separately.
  • the unit may have various sizes and shapes, and in particular, the shape of the unit may include a geometric figure that may be represented in two dimensions such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, a triangle, a pentagon, as well as a square.
  • the unit information may include at least one of a type of a unit indicating a coding unit, a prediction unit, a residual unit, a transform unit, and the like, a size of a unit, a depth of a unit, an encoding and decoding order of the unit, and the like.
  • Coding tree unit consists of two color difference component (Cb, Cr) coding tree blocks associated with one luminance component (Y) coding tree block. It may also mean including the blocks and syntax elements for each block.
  • Each coding tree unit uses one or more partitioning methods, such as a quad tree, a binary tree, and a ternary tree, to form subunits such as a coding unit, a prediction unit, and a transformation unit. Can be divided. It may be used as a term for referring to a sample block that becomes a processing unit in a decoding / encoding process of an image, such as splitting an input image.
  • the quad tree may mean a quarternary tree.
  • the predetermined range may be defined as at least one of the maximum size and the minimum size of the coding block that can be split only by the quadtree.
  • Information representing the maximum / minimum size of a coding block that allows quadtree-type partitioning may be signaled through a bitstream, and the information may be transmitted in units of at least one of a sequence, a picture parameter, a tile group, or a slice (segment). May be signaled.
  • the maximum / minimum size of the coding block may be a fixed size pre-configured to the encoder / decoder.
  • the size of the coding block corresponds to 256x256 to 64x64, it may be split only into quadtrees.
  • the size of the coding block is larger than the size of the maximum transform block, it may be possible to divide only the quadtree.
  • the divided block may be at least one of an encoding block and a transform block.
  • the information (eg, split_flag) indicating the splitting of the coding block may be a flag indicating whether the quadtree is split.
  • the size of the coding block is within a predetermined range, it may be possible to divide only into a binary tree or a three-split tree. In this case, the above description about the quadtree can be equally applied to the binary tree or the three-split tree.
  • Coding Tree Block A term used to refer to any one of a Y coded tree block, a Cb coded tree block, and a Cr coded tree block.
  • Neighbor block It may mean a block adjacent to the current block.
  • the block adjacent to the current block may mean a block in which the boundary of the current block is in contact or a block located within a predetermined distance from the current block.
  • the neighboring block may mean a block adjacent to a vertex of the current block.
  • the block adjacent to the vertex of the current block may be a block vertically adjacent to a neighboring block horizontally adjacent to the current block or a block horizontally adjacent to a neighboring block vertically adjacent to the current block.
  • the neighboring block may mean a restored neighboring block.
  • Reconstructed Neighbor Block A neighboring block that is already encoded or decoded in a spatial / temporal manner around the current block.
  • the restored neighboring block may mean a restored neighboring unit.
  • the reconstructed spatial neighboring block may be a block in the current picture and a block already reconstructed through encoding and / or decoding.
  • the reconstructed temporal neighboring block may be a reconstructed block or its neighboring block at a position corresponding to the current block of the current picture in the reference picture.
  • the root node in the tree structure may correspond to the first unit that is not divided.
  • the highest node may be called the root node.
  • the highest node may have a minimum depth value.
  • the highest node may have a depth of level 0.
  • a node having a depth of level 1 may represent a unit created as the first unit is divided once.
  • a node with a depth of level 2 may represent a unit created as the first unit is split twice.
  • a node with a depth of level n may represent a unit generated as the first unit is divided n times.
  • the leaf node may be the lowest node or may be a node that cannot be further divided.
  • the depth of the leaf node may be at the maximum level. For example, the predefined value of the maximum level may be three.
  • the root node has the shallowest depth and the leaf node has the deepest depth.
  • the level at which the unit exists may mean the unit depth.
  • Bitstream may mean a string of bits including encoded image information.
  • Parameter Set Corresponds to header information among structures in the bitstream. At least one of a video parameter set, a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, and an adaptation parameter set may be included in the parameter set.
  • the parameter set may also include tile group, slice header, and tile header information.
  • the tile group may mean a group including several tiles, and may have the same meaning as a slice.
  • Parsing This may mean determining a value of a syntax element by entropy decoding the bitstream or may mean entropy decoding itself.
  • This may mean at least one of a syntax element, a coding parameter, a value of a transform coefficient, and the like, of a coding / decoding target unit.
  • the symbol may mean an object of entropy encoding or a result of entropy decoding.
  • Prediction mode Information indicating a mode encoded / decoded by intra prediction or a mode encoded / decoded by inter prediction.
  • a prediction unit may mean a basic unit for performing prediction, such as inter prediction, intra prediction, inter compensation, intra compensation, motion compensation, and the like.
  • One prediction unit may be divided into a plurality of partitions or a plurality of lower prediction units having a smaller size.
  • the plurality of partitions may also be a basic unit in performing prediction or compensation.
  • the partition generated by the partitioning of the prediction unit may also be the prediction unit.
  • Prediction Unit Partition This may mean a form in which a prediction unit is divided.
  • Reference Picture List may mean a list including one or more reference pictures used for inter prediction or motion compensation.
  • the types of reference picture lists may be LC (List Combined), L0 (List 0), L1 (List 1), L2 (List 2), L3 (List 3), and the like. Lists can be used.
  • Inter Prediction Indicator This may mean an inter prediction direction (unidirectional prediction, bidirectional prediction, etc.) of the current block. Alternatively, this may mean the number of reference pictures used when generating the prediction block of the current block. Alternatively, this may mean the number of prediction blocks used when performing inter prediction or motion compensation on the current block.
  • Prediction list utilization flag Indicates whether a prediction block is generated using at least one reference picture in a specific reference picture list.
  • the prediction list utilization flag may be derived using the prediction list utilization flag, and conversely, the prediction list utilization flag may be derived using the inter prediction prediction indicator. For example, when the prediction list utilization flag indicates 0 as the first value, it may indicate that the prediction block is not generated by using the reference image in the reference picture list, and when the 1 indicates the second value, the reference It may represent that the prediction block can be generated using the image list.
  • Reference Picture Index This may mean an index indicating a specific reference picture in the reference picture list.
  • Reference Picture refers to an image referenced by a specific block for inter prediction or motion compensation.
  • the reference image may be an image including a reference block referenced by the current block for inter prediction or motion compensation.
  • reference picture and reference picture may be used in the same sense and may be used interchangeably.
  • Motion Vector This may be a 2D vector used for inter prediction or motion compensation.
  • the motion vector may mean an offset between an encoding / decoding target block and a reference block.
  • (mvX, mvY) may represent a motion vector.
  • mvX may represent a horizontal component and mvY may represent a vertical component.
  • the search range may be a two-dimensional area in which a search for a motion vector is performed during inter prediction.
  • the size of the search region may be M ⁇ N.
  • M and N may each be a positive integer.
  • Motion Vector Candidate When a motion vector is predicted, it may mean a block that is a prediction candidate or a motion vector of the block. In addition, the motion vector candidate may be included in the motion vector candidate list.
  • a motion vector candidate list may mean a list constructed using one or more motion vector candidates.
  • a motion vector candidate index may refer to an indicator indicating a motion vector candidate in a motion vector candidate list. It may be an index of a motion vector predictor.
  • Motion Information at least at least one of a motion vector, a reference picture index, an inter prediction prediction indicator, as well as a prediction list utilization flag, a reference picture list information, a reference picture, a motion vector candidate, a motion vector candidate index, a merge candidate, and a merge index It may mean information including one.
  • a merge candidate list may mean a list constructed using one or more merge candidates.
  • the merge candidate may mean a spatial merge candidate, a temporal merge candidate, a combined merge candidate, a combined both prediction merge candidate, a zero merge candidate, and the like.
  • the merge candidate may include motion information such as an inter prediction prediction indicator, a reference image index for each list, a motion vector, a prediction list utilization flag, and an inter prediction prediction indicator.
  • the index may indicate an indicator indicating a merge candidate in the merge candidate list.
  • the merge index may indicate a block in which a merge candidate is derived among blocks reconstructed adjacent to the current block in a spatial / temporal manner.
  • the merge index may indicate at least one of motion information included in the merge candidate.
  • a transform unit may mean a basic unit for performing residual signal encoding / decoding such as transform, inverse transform, quantization, inverse quantization, and transform coefficient encoding / decoding.
  • One transform unit may be divided into a plurality of lower transform units having a smaller size.
  • the transform / inverse transform may include at least one of a primary transform / inverse transform and a secondary transform / inverse transform.
  • Scaling This may mean a process of multiplying a factor by a quantized level.
  • the transform coefficients can be generated as a result of scaling on the quantized level. Scaling can also be called dequantization.
  • Quantization Parameter A value used when generating a quantized level using a transform coefficient in quantization. Or, it may mean a value used when generating a transform coefficient by scaling a quantized level in inverse quantization.
  • the quantization parameter may be a value mapped to a quantization step size.
  • a quantization parameter may mean a difference value between the predicted quantization parameter and the quantization parameter of the encoding / decoding target unit.
  • Scan refers to a method of ordering coefficients in a unit, block, or matrix. For example, sorting a two-dimensional array into a one-dimensional array is called a scan. Alternatively, arranging the one-dimensional array in the form of a two-dimensional array may also be called a scan or an inverse scan.
  • a transform coefficient may mean a coefficient value generated after the transform is performed in the encoder. Or, it may mean a coefficient value generated after performing at least one of entropy decoding and dequantization in the decoder.
  • the quantized level or the quantized transform coefficient level obtained by applying the quantization to the transform coefficient or the residual signal may also be included in the meaning of the transform coefficient.
  • Quantized Level A value generated by performing quantization on a transform coefficient or a residual signal in an encoder. Or, it may mean a value that is the object of inverse quantization before performing inverse quantization in the decoder. Similarly, the quantized transform coefficient level resulting from the transform and quantization may also be included in the meaning of the quantized level.
  • Non-zero Transform Coefficient may mean a transform coefficient whose value is not zero or a transform coefficient level or quantized level whose size is not zero.
  • Quantization Matrix A matrix used in a quantization or inverse quantization process to improve the subjective or objective image quality of an image.
  • the quantization matrix may also be called a scaling list.
  • Quantization Matrix Coefficient It may mean each element in the quantization matrix. Quantization matrix coefficients may also be referred to as matrix coefficients.
  • a predetermined matrix may mean a predetermined quantization matrix defined in the encoder and the decoder.
  • Non-default Matrix A non-default matrix, which is not defined in the encoder and the decoder, may be a quantization matrix signaled by a user.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may be an encoder, a video encoding apparatus, or an image encoding apparatus.
  • the video may include one or more images.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may sequentially encode one or more images.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may include a motion predictor 111, a motion compensator 112, an intra predictor 120, a switch 115, a subtractor 125, a transformer 130, and quantization.
  • the unit 140 may include an entropy encoder 150, an inverse quantizer 160, an inverse transform unit 170, an adder 175, a filter unit 180, and a reference picture buffer 190.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may encode the input image in an intra mode and / or an inter mode.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may generate a bitstream including the encoded information through encoding of the input image, and may output the generated bitstream.
  • the generated bitstream can be stored in a computer readable recording medium or can be streamed via a wired / wireless transmission medium.
  • the switch 115 may be switched to intra, and when the inter mode is used as the prediction mode, the switch 115 may be switched to inter.
  • the intra mode may mean an intra prediction mode
  • the inter mode may mean an inter prediction mode.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may generate a prediction block for the input block of the input image.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may encode the residual block by using a difference between the input block and the prediction block.
  • the input image may be referred to as a current image that is a target of current encoding.
  • the input block may be referred to as a current block or an encoding target block that is a target of the current encoding.
  • the intra prediction unit 120 may use a sample of a block that is already encoded / decoded around the current block as a reference sample.
  • the intra predictor 120 may perform spatial prediction on the current block by using the reference sample, and generate prediction samples on the input block through spatial prediction.
  • Intra prediction may refer to intra prediction.
  • the motion predictor 111 may search an area that best matches the input block from the reference image in the motion prediction process, and derive a motion vector using the searched area. .
  • a search area may be used as the area.
  • the reference picture may be stored in the reference picture buffer 190.
  • the reference picture buffer 190 may be stored in the reference picture buffer 190.
  • the motion compensator 112 may generate a prediction block for the current block by performing motion compensation using the motion vector.
  • inter prediction may mean inter prediction or motion compensation.
  • the motion predictor 111 and the motion compensator 112 may generate a prediction block by applying an interpolation filter to a part of a reference image when the motion vector does not have an integer value.
  • a motion prediction and a motion compensation method of a prediction unit included in a coding unit based on a coding unit may include a skip mode, a merge mode, and an improved motion vector prediction. It may determine whether the advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP) mode or the current picture reference mode is used, and may perform inter prediction or motion compensation according to each mode.
  • AMVP advanced motion vector prediction
  • the subtractor 125 may generate a residual block using the difference between the input block and the prediction block.
  • the residual block may be referred to as the residual signal.
  • the residual signal may mean a difference between the original signal and the prediction signal.
  • the residual signal may be a signal generated by transforming, quantizing, or transforming and quantizing a difference between the original signal and the prediction signal.
  • the residual block may be a residual signal in block units.
  • the transform unit 130 may generate transform coefficients by performing transform on the residual block and output the generated transform coefficients.
  • the transform coefficient may be a coefficient value generated by performing transform on the residual block.
  • the transform unit 130 may omit the transform on the residual block.
  • Quantized levels can be generated by applying quantization to transform coefficients or residual signals.
  • the quantized level may also be referred to as a transform coefficient.
  • the quantization unit 140 may generate a quantized level by quantizing the transform coefficient or the residual signal according to the quantization parameter, and may output the generated quantized level. In this case, the quantization unit 140 may quantize the transform coefficients using the quantization matrix.
  • the entropy encoder 150 may generate a bitstream by performing entropy encoding according to probability distribution on values calculated by the quantizer 140 or coding parameter values calculated in the encoding process. And output a bitstream.
  • the entropy encoder 150 may perform entropy encoding on information about a sample of an image and information for decoding an image.
  • the information for decoding the image may include a syntax element.
  • the entropy encoder 150 may use an encoding method such as exponential Golomb, context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), or context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) for entropy encoding.
  • CAVLC context-adaptive variable length coding
  • CABAC context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding
  • the entropy encoder 150 may perform entropy coding using a variable length coding (VLC) table.
  • VLC variable length coding
  • the entropy coding unit 150 derives the binarization method of the target symbol and the probability model of the target symbol / bin, and then derives the derived binarization method, the probability model, and the context model. Arithmetic coding may also be performed using.
  • the entropy encoder 150 may change a two-dimensional block form coefficient into a one-dimensional vector form through a transform coefficient scanning method to encode a transform coefficient level (quantized level).
  • the coding parameter may include information derived from an encoding process or a decoding process as well as information (flag, index, etc.) encoded by an encoder and signaled to a decoder, such as a syntax element, and may be encoded or decoded. May mean necessary information.
  • signaling a flag or index may mean that the encoder entropy encodes the flag or index and includes the flag or index in the bitstream, and the decoder may encode the flag or index from the bitstream. It may mean entropy decoding.
  • the encoded current image may be used as a reference image for another image to be processed later. Accordingly, the encoding apparatus 100 may reconstruct or decode the encoded current image and store the reconstructed or decoded image as a reference image in the reference picture buffer 190.
  • the quantized level may be dequantized in inverse quantization unit 160.
  • the inverse transform unit 170 may perform an inverse transform.
  • the inverse quantized and / or inverse transformed coefficients may be summed with the prediction block via the adder 175.
  • a reconstructed block may be generated by adding the inverse quantized and / or inverse transformed coefficients with the prediction block.
  • the inverse quantized and / or inverse transformed coefficient may mean a coefficient in which at least one or more of inverse quantization and inverse transformation have been performed, and may mean a reconstructed residual block.
  • the recovery block may pass through the filter unit 180.
  • the filter unit 180 may add at least one of a deblocking filter, a sample adaptive offset (SAO), an adaptive loop filter (ALF), and the like to a reconstructed sample, a reconstructed block, or a reconstructed image. Applicable
  • the filter unit 180 may be referred to as an in-loop filter.
  • the deblocking filter may remove block distortion generated at boundaries between blocks.
  • it may be determined whether to apply the deblocking filter to the current block based on samples included in several columns or rows included in the block.
  • different filters may be applied according to the required deblocking filtering strength.
  • a sample offset may be used to add an appropriate offset to the sample value to compensate for encoding errors.
  • the sample adaptive offset may correct the offset with respect to the original image in units of samples with respect to the deblocked image. After dividing the samples included in the image into a predetermined number of areas, an area to be offset may be determined and an offset may be applied to the corresponding area, or an offset may be applied in consideration of edge information of each sample.
  • the adaptive loop filter may perform filtering based on a comparison value between the reconstructed image and the original image. After dividing a sample included in an image into a predetermined group, a filter to be applied to the corresponding group may be determined and filtering may be performed for each group. Information related to whether to apply the adaptive loop filter may be signaled for each coding unit (CU), and the shape and filter coefficient of the adaptive loop filter to be applied according to each block may vary.
  • CU coding unit
  • the reconstructed block or the reconstructed image that has passed through the filter unit 180 may be stored in the reference picture buffer 190.
  • the reconstructed block that has passed through the filter unit 180 may be part of the reference image.
  • the reference image may be a reconstructed image composed of reconstructed blocks that have passed through the filter unit 180.
  • the stored reference image may then be used for inter prediction or motion compensation.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may be a decoder, a video decoding apparatus, or an image decoding apparatus.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may include an entropy decoder 210, an inverse quantizer 220, an inverse transform unit 230, an intra predictor 240, a motion compensator 250, and an adder 255.
  • the filter unit 260 may include a reference picture buffer 270.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may receive a bitstream output from the encoding apparatus 100.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may receive a bitstream stored in a computer readable recording medium or may receive a bitstream streamed through a wired / wireless transmission medium.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may decode the bitstream in an intra mode or an inter mode.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may generate a reconstructed image or a decoded image through decoding, and output the reconstructed image or the decoded image.
  • the switch When the prediction mode used for decoding is an intra mode, the switch may be switched to intra. When the prediction mode used for decoding is an inter mode, the switch may be switched to inter.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may obtain a reconstructed residual block by decoding the input bitstream, and generate a prediction block. When the reconstructed residual block and the prediction block are obtained, the decoding apparatus 200 may generate a reconstruction block to be decoded by adding the reconstructed residual block and the prediction block.
  • the decoding target block may be referred to as a current block.
  • the entropy decoder 210 may generate symbols by performing entropy decoding according to a probability distribution of the bitstream.
  • the generated symbols may include symbols in the form of quantized levels.
  • the entropy decoding method may be an inverse process of the above-described entropy encoding method.
  • the entropy decoder 210 may change the one-dimensional vector form coefficient into a two-dimensional block form through a transform coefficient scanning method in order to decode the transform coefficient level (quantized level).
  • the quantized level may be inverse quantized by the inverse quantizer 220 and inversely transformed by the inverse transformer 230.
  • the quantized level may be generated as a reconstructed residual block as a result of inverse quantization and / or inverse transformation.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 may apply a quantization matrix to the quantized level.
  • the intra predictor 240 may generate the prediction block by performing spatial prediction on the current block using a sample value of an already decoded block around the decoding target block.
  • the motion compensator 250 may generate a prediction block by performing motion compensation on the current block using the reference image stored in the motion vector and the reference picture buffer 270.
  • the motion compensator 250 may generate a prediction block by applying an interpolation filter to a portion of the reference image.
  • it may be determined whether a motion compensation method of a prediction unit included in the coding unit is a skip mode, a merge mode, an AMVP mode, or a current picture reference mode based on the coding unit, and each mode According to the present invention, motion compensation may be performed.
  • the adder 255 may generate a reconstructed block by adding the reconstructed residual block and the predictive block.
  • the filter unit 260 may apply at least one of a deblocking filter, a sample adaptive offset, and an adaptive loop filter to the reconstructed block or the reconstructed image.
  • the filter unit 260 may output the reconstructed image.
  • the reconstructed block or reconstructed picture may be stored in the reference picture buffer 270 to be used for inter prediction.
  • the reconstructed block that has passed through the filter unit 260 may be part of the reference image.
  • the reference image may be a reconstructed image composed of reconstructed blocks that have passed through the filter unit 260.
  • the stored reference image may then be used for inter prediction or motion compensation.
  • 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a division structure of an image when encoding and decoding an image. 3 schematically shows an embodiment in which one unit is divided into a plurality of sub-units.
  • a coding unit may be used in encoding and decoding.
  • a coding unit may be used as a basic unit of image encoding / decoding.
  • the coding unit may be used as a unit that separates the intra prediction mode and the inter prediction mode during image encoding / decoding.
  • the coding unit may be a basic unit used for a process of prediction, transform, quantization, inverse transform, inverse quantization, or encoding / decoding of transform coefficients.
  • the image 300 is sequentially divided into units of a largest coding unit (LCU), and a split structure is determined by units of an LCU.
  • the LCU may be used as the same meaning as a coding tree unit (CTU).
  • the division of the unit may mean division of a block corresponding to the unit.
  • the block division information may include information about a depth of a unit.
  • the depth information may indicate the number and / or degree of division of the unit.
  • One unit may be divided into a plurality of sub-units hierarchically with depth information based on a tree structure. In other words, the unit and the lower unit generated by the division of the unit may correspond to the node and the child node of the node, respectively.
  • Each divided subunit may have depth information.
  • the depth information may be information indicating the size of a CU and may be stored for each CU. Since the unit depth indicates the number and / or degree of division of the unit, the division information of the lower unit may include information about the size of the lower unit.
  • the partition structure may mean a distribution of a coding unit (CU) in the CTU 310. This distribution may be determined according to whether to divide one CU into a plurality of CUs (two or more positive integers including 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.).
  • the horizontal and vertical sizes of the CUs created by splitting are either half of the horizontal and vertical sizes of the CU before splitting, or smaller than the horizontal and vertical sizes of the CU before splitting, depending on the number of splits.
  • Can have A CU may be recursively divided into a plurality of CUs. By recursive partitioning, the size of at least one of the horizontal size and vertical size of the divided CU can be reduced compared to at least one of the horizontal size and vertical size of the CU before splitting.
  • Partitioning of a CU can be done recursively up to a predefined depth or a predefined size.
  • the depth of the CTU may be 0, and the depth of the smallest coding unit (SCU) may be a predefined maximum depth.
  • the CTU may be a coding unit having a maximum coding unit size as described above, and the SCU may be a coding unit having a minimum coding unit size.
  • the division starts from the CTU 310, and the depth of the CU increases by one each time the division reduces the horizontal size and / or vertical size of the CU.
  • a CU that is not divided may have a size of 2N ⁇ 2N.
  • a CU of 2N ⁇ 2N size may be divided into four CUs having an N ⁇ N size. The size of N can be reduced by half for every 1 increase in depth.
  • information on whether the CU is split may be expressed through split information of the CU.
  • the split information may be 1 bit of information. All CUs except the SCU may include partition information. For example, if the value of the partition information is the first value, the CU may not be split, and if the value of the partition information is the second value, the CU may be split.
  • a zero-depth CTU may be a 64x64 block. 0 may be the minimum depth.
  • An SCU of depth 3 may be an 8x8 block. 3 may be the maximum depth.
  • CUs of 32x32 blocks and 16x16 blocks may be represented by depth 1 and depth 2, respectively.
  • the horizontal and vertical sizes of the divided four coding units may each have a size of half compared to the horizontal and vertical sizes of the coding unit before being split. have.
  • the four divided coding units may each have a size of 16x16.
  • quad-tree partitions quad-tree partitions
  • the horizontal or vertical size of the divided two coding units may have a half size compared to the horizontal or vertical size of the coding unit before splitting.
  • the two split coding units may have a size of 16x32.
  • the two divided coding units may each have a size of 8x16.
  • the coding unit when one coding unit is divided into three coding units, the coding unit may be divided into three coding units by dividing the horizontal or vertical size of the coding unit in a ratio of 1: 2: 1 before being split.
  • the divided three coding units when a 16x32 size coding unit is horizontally divided into three coding units, the divided three coding units may have sizes of 16x8, 16x16, and 16x8, respectively, from an upper side.
  • the divided three coding units when a 32x32 size coding unit is vertically divided into three coding units, the divided three coding units may have sizes of 8x32, 16x32, and 8x32 from the left, respectively.
  • the coding unit When one coding unit is divided into three coding units, it may be said that the coding unit is divided into ternary-tree partitions.
  • the CTU 320 of FIG. 3 is an example of a CTU to which all of quadtree division, binary tree division, and three division tree division are applied.
  • quadtree splitting may be preferentially applied to CTUs.
  • a coding unit that can no longer be quadtree split may correspond to a leaf node of the quadtree.
  • the coding unit corresponding to the leaf node of the quadtree may be a root node of a binary tree and / or a three split tree. That is, the coding unit corresponding to the leaf node of the quadtree may be binary tree split, 3-split tree split, or no longer split.
  • quadrature splitting is not performed on the coding unit generated by binary tree splitting or tri-partitioning of the coding unit corresponding to the leaf node of the quadtree, thereby signaling block division and / or splitting information. It can be done effectively.
  • the division of the coding unit corresponding to each node of the quadtree may be signaled using quad division information.
  • Quad division information having a first value (eg, '1') may indicate that the corresponding coding unit is quadtree divided.
  • Quad division information having a second value (eg, '0') may indicate that the corresponding coding unit is not quadtree divided.
  • the quad division information may be a flag having a predetermined length (eg, 1 bit).
  • Priority may not exist between binary tree partitioning and 3-partition tree partitioning. That is, the coding unit corresponding to the leaf node of the quadtree may be binary tree split or 3 split tree split. In addition, the coding unit generated by binary tree splitting or tri-partition splitting may be further divided into binary tree split or tri-partition splitting or no longer split.
  • Partitioning when there is no priority between binary tree partitioning and 3-partition tree partitioning may be referred to as a multi-type tree partition. That is, the coding unit corresponding to the leaf node of the quadtree may be the root node of a multi-type tree.
  • the splitting of the coding unit corresponding to each node of the composite tree may be signaled using at least one of splitting information of splitting tree, splitting direction information, and splitting tree information. Partition information, split direction information, and split tree information may be signaled sequentially for splitting coding units corresponding to each node of the complex tree.
  • the splitting information of the composite tree having the first value may indicate that the corresponding coding unit is split into the composite tree.
  • the splitting information of the composite tree having the second value (eg, '0') may indicate that the corresponding coding unit is not split in the composite tree.
  • the coding unit may further include split direction information.
  • the split direction information may indicate the split direction of the complex tree split.
  • the split direction information having the first value (eg, '1') may indicate that the corresponding coding unit is split in the vertical direction.
  • the split direction information having a second value (eg, '0') may indicate that the corresponding coding unit is split in the horizontal direction.
  • the coding unit may further include split tree information.
  • the split tree information may indicate a tree used for compound tree split.
  • the split tree information having a first value (eg, '1') may indicate that the corresponding coding unit is binary tree split.
  • Split tree information having a second value (eg, '0') may indicate that the corresponding coding unit is divided into three split trees.
  • the split information, split tree information, and split direction information may each be flags having a predetermined length (eg, 1 bit).
  • At least one of quad split information, split tree information, split direction information, and split tree information may be entropy encoded / decoded.
  • information of the neighboring coding unit adjacent to the current coding unit may be used.
  • the split form (split state, split tree and / or split direction) of the left coding unit and / or the upper coding unit is likely to be similar to the split form of the current coding unit. Therefore, context information for entropy encoding / decoding of the information of the current coding unit can be derived based on the information of the neighboring coding unit.
  • the information of the neighboring coding unit may include at least one of quad split information of the corresponding coding unit, split information of the composite tree, split direction information, and split tree information.
  • binary tree splitting may be performed preferentially.
  • binary tree splitting is applied first, and the coding unit corresponding to the leaf node of the binary tree may be set as the root node of the 3-split tree.
  • quadtree splitting and binary tree splitting may not be performed on a coding unit corresponding to a node of a three split tree.
  • a coding unit that is no longer split by quadtree splitting, binary tree splitting, and / or 3 splittree splitting may be a unit of encoding, prediction, and / or transform. That is, the coding unit may no longer be split for prediction and / or transformation. Therefore, a partitioning structure, partitioning information, etc. for splitting a coding unit into prediction units and / or transform units may not exist in the bitstream.
  • the corresponding coding unit may be recursively split until the size is equal to or smaller than the size of the maximum transform block.
  • the coding unit may be divided into four 32x32 blocks for transformation.
  • the coding unit may be divided into two 32x32 blocks for transformation. In this case, whether to split the coding unit for transformation is not signaled separately, but may be determined by comparing the width or length of the coding unit with the width or length of the maximum transform block.
  • the coding unit when the width of the coding unit is larger than the width of the largest transform block, the coding unit may be divided into two vertically. In addition, when the height of the coding unit is larger than the length of the largest transform block, the coding unit may be divided into two horizontally.
  • Information about the maximum and / or minimum size of the coding unit may be signaled or determined at a higher level of the coding unit.
  • the higher level may be, for example, a sequence level, a picture level, a tile level, a tile group level, a slice level, and the like.
  • the minimum size of the coding unit may be determined as 4 ⁇ 4.
  • the maximum size of the transform block may be determined to be 64x64.
  • the minimum size of the transform block may be determined as 4 ⁇ 4.
  • Information about the minimum size (quadtree minimum size) of the coding unit corresponding to the leaf node of the quadtree and / or the maximum depth (maximum depth of the composite tree) from the root node to the leaf node of the composite tree is encoded. It may be signaled or determined at a higher level of the unit.
  • the higher level may be, for example, a sequence level, a picture level, a slice level, a tile group level, a tile level, and the like.
  • the information about the quadtree minimum size and / or the information about the maximum depth of the composite tree may be signaled or determined for each of the slice in the picture and the slice between the pictures.
  • Difference information about the size of the CTU and the maximum size of the transform block may be signaled or determined at a higher level of the coding unit.
  • the higher level may be, for example, a sequence level, a picture level, a slice level, a tile group level, a tile level, and the like.
  • Information about the maximum size (binary tree maximum size) of the coding unit corresponding to each node of the binary tree may be determined based on the size of the coding tree unit and the difference information.
  • the maximum size (maximum size of the three-split tree) of the coding unit corresponding to each node of the three-split tree may have a different value depending on the slice type.
  • the maximum size of the three-split tree may be 32x32.
  • the maximum size of the three-split tree may be 128x128.
  • the minimum size of the coding unit corresponding to each node of the binary tree (binary tree minimum size) and / or the minimum size of the coding unit corresponding to each node of the three split tree (three split tree minimum size) is the minimum size of the coding block. Can be set to size.
  • the binary tree maximum size and / or the split tree maximum size may be signaled or determined at the slice level.
  • the binary tree minimum size and / or the split tree minimum size may be signaled or determined at the slice level.
  • quad split information, split tree information, split tree information, and / or split direction information may or may not be present in the bitstream.
  • the coding unit does not include quad split information, and the quad split information may be inferred as a second value.
  • the coding unit is Binary tree splitting and / or three splitting tree splitting may not be possible. Accordingly, splitting information of the composite tree is not signaled and can be inferred as a second value.
  • the size (horizontal and vertical) of the coding unit corresponding to the node of the complex tree is the same as the binary tree minimum size (horizontal and vertical), or the size (horizontal and vertical) of the coding unit is the minimum size (horizontal) of the split tree.
  • the coding unit may not be binary tree split and / or 3 split tree split. Accordingly, splitting information of the composite tree is not signaled and can be inferred as a second value. This is because, when the coding unit divides the binary tree and / or divides the tri-tree, a coding unit smaller than the minimum size of the binary tree and / or the minimum size of the tri-partition tree is generated.
  • the coding unit may not be binary tree split and / or 3 split tree split. Accordingly, splitting information of the composite tree is not signaled and can be inferred as a second value.
  • the composite type may be used only when at least one of vertical binary tree splitting, horizontal binary splitting, vertical triangular splitting, and horizontal triangular splitting is possible for a coding unit corresponding to a node of the composite tree.
  • Information on whether to split the tree may be signaled. Otherwise, the coding unit may not be binary-tree split and / or tri-partition split. Accordingly, splitting information of the composite tree is not signaled and can be inferred as a second value.
  • Division direction information may be signaled. Otherwise, the split direction information may not be signaled and may be inferred as a value indicating a split direction.
  • the encoding unit corresponding to the node of the complex tree may be both vertical binary tree splitting and vertical triangular splitting, or both horizontal binary splitting and horizontal splitting may be performed.
  • the split tree information may be signaled. Otherwise, the split tree information is not signaled and can be inferred as a value indicating a splittable tree.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of an intra prediction process.
  • Arrows from the center to the outside of FIG. 4 may indicate prediction directions of intra prediction modes.
  • Intra picture encoding and / or decoding may be performed using reference samples of neighboring blocks of the current block.
  • the neighboring block may be a restored neighboring block.
  • intra picture encoding and / or decoding may be performed using a value or encoding parameter of a reference sample included in the reconstructed neighboring block.
  • the prediction block may mean a block generated as a result of performing the intra prediction.
  • the prediction block may correspond to at least one of a CU, a PU, and a TU.
  • the unit of a prediction block may be the size of at least one of a CU, a PU, and a TU.
  • the prediction block may be a block in the form of a square having a size of 2x2, 4x4, 16x16, 32x32, or 64x64, or a rectangular block having a size of 2x8, 4x8, 2x16, 4x16, and 8x16.
  • the intra prediction may be performed according to the intra prediction mode for the current block.
  • the number of intra prediction modes that the current block may have may be a predetermined fixed value or may be a value determined differently according to an attribute of the prediction block.
  • the attributes of the prediction block may include the size of the prediction block and the shape of the prediction block.
  • the number of intra prediction modes may be fixed to N regardless of the size of the block. Or, for example, the number of intra prediction modes may be 3, 5, 9, 17, 34, 35, 36, 65, 67, or the like. Alternatively, the number of intra prediction modes may differ depending on the size of the block and / or the type of color component. For example, the number of intra prediction modes may vary depending on whether the color component is a luma signal or a chroma signal. For example, as the size of the block increases, the number of intra prediction modes may increase. Alternatively, the number of intra prediction modes of the luminance component block may be greater than the number of intra prediction modes of the chrominance component block.
  • the intra prediction mode may be a non-directional mode or a directional mode.
  • the non-directional mode may be a DC mode or a planar mode
  • the angular mode may be a prediction mode having a specific direction or angle.
  • the intra prediction mode may be expressed by at least one of a mode number, a mode value, a mode number, a mode angle, and a mode direction.
  • the number of intra prediction modes may be one or more M including the non-directional and directional modes.
  • a step of checking whether samples included in the reconstructed neighboring block are available as reference samples of the current block to predict the current block in the screen may be performed. If there is a sample that is not available as the reference sample of the current block, the sample value of the sample that is not available as the reference sample using a value obtained by copying and / or interpolating at least one sample value included in the reconstructed neighboring block. After replacing it, it can be used as a reference sample of the current block.
  • a filter may be applied to at least one of the reference sample or the prediction sample based on at least one of the intra prediction mode and the size of the current block.
  • the weighted sum of the upper and left reference samples of the current sample, the upper right and lower left reference samples of the current block, according to the position in the prediction block of the sample to be predicted is used.
  • the sample value of the sample to be predicted may be generated.
  • an average value of the upper and left reference samples of the current block may be used.
  • the prediction block may be generated using the upper, left, upper right and / or lower left reference samples of the current block. Real number interpolation may be performed to generate predictive sample values.
  • the intra prediction mode of the current block may be entropy encoded / decoded by predicting the intra prediction mode of a block existing around the current block.
  • information indicating that the intra prediction modes of the current block and the neighboring blocks are the same may be signaled using predetermined flag information.
  • indicator information on the same intra prediction mode as the intra prediction mode of the current block among the intra prediction modes of the plurality of neighboring blocks may be signaled. If the intra prediction modes of the current block and the neighboring block are different, entropy encoding / decoding may be performed based on the intra prediction mode of the neighboring block to entropy encode / decode the intra prediction mode information of the current block.
  • 5 is a diagram for describing an embodiment of an inter prediction process.
  • the rectangle illustrated in FIG. 5 may represent an image.
  • arrows in FIG. 5 may indicate prediction directions.
  • Each picture may be classified into an I picture (Intra Picture), a P picture (Predictive Picture), a B picture (Bi-predictive Picture), and the like.
  • I pictures may be encoded / decoded through intra prediction without inter prediction.
  • the P picture may be encoded / decoded through inter prediction using only reference pictures existing in one direction (eg, forward or reverse direction).
  • the B picture may be encoded / decoded through inter prediction using reference images existing in both directions (eg, forward and reverse).
  • the B picture may be encoded / decoded through inter prediction using reference images existing in bidirectional directions or inter prediction using reference images existing in one of forward and reverse directions.
  • the bidirectional can be forward and reverse.
  • the encoder may perform inter prediction or motion compensation
  • the decoder may perform motion compensation corresponding thereto.
  • Inter prediction or motion compensation may be performed using a reference image and motion information.
  • the motion information on the current block may be derived during inter prediction by each of the encoding apparatus 100 and the decoding apparatus 200.
  • the motion information may be derived using motion information of the restored neighboring block, motion information of a collocated block (col block), and / or a block adjacent to the call block.
  • the call block may be a block corresponding to a spatial position of the current block in a collocated picture (col picture).
  • the call picture may be one picture among at least one reference picture included in the reference picture list.
  • the method of deriving the motion information may vary depending on the prediction mode of the current block.
  • a prediction mode applied for inter prediction may include an AMVP mode, a merge mode, a skip mode, a current picture reference mode, and the like.
  • the merge mode may be referred to as a motion merge mode.
  • a motion vector candidate list may be generated.
  • a motion vector candidate may be derived using the generated motion vector candidate list.
  • the motion information of the current block may be determined based on the derived motion vector candidate.
  • the motion vector of the collocated block or the motion vector of the block adjacent to the collocated block may be referred to as a temporal motion vector candidate, and the restored motion vector of the neighboring block is a spatial motion vector candidate. It may be referred to as).
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may calculate a motion vector difference (MVD) between the motion vector and the motion vector candidate of the current block, and may entropy-encode the MVD.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may generate a bitstream by entropy encoding a motion vector candidate index.
  • the motion vector candidate index may indicate an optimal motion vector candidate selected from the motion vector candidates included in the motion vector candidate list.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may entropy decode the motion vector candidate index from the bitstream, and select the motion vector candidate of the decoding target block from the motion vector candidates included in the motion vector candidate list using the entropy decoded motion vector candidate index. .
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may derive the motion vector of the decoding object block through the sum of the entropy decoded MVD and the motion vector candidate.
  • the bitstream may include a reference picture index and the like indicating the reference picture.
  • the reference image index may be entropy encoded and signaled from the encoding apparatus 100 to the decoding apparatus 200 through a bitstream.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may generate a prediction block for the decoding target block based on the derived motion vector and the reference image index information.
  • the merge mode may mean merging of motions for a plurality of blocks.
  • the merge mode may refer to a mode of deriving motion information of the current block from motion information of neighboring blocks.
  • a merge candidate list may be generated using motion information of the restored neighboring block and / or motion information of the call block.
  • the motion information may include at least one of 1) a motion vector, 2) a reference picture index, and 3) an inter prediction prediction indicator.
  • the prediction indicator may be unidirectional (L0 prediction, L1 prediction) or bidirectional.
  • the merge candidate list may represent a list in which motion information is stored.
  • the motion information stored in the merge candidate list includes motion information (spatial merge candidate) of neighboring blocks adjacent to the current block and motion information (temporary merge candidate (collocated)) of the block corresponding to the current block in the reference picture. temporal merge candidate)), new motion information generated by a combination of motion information already present in the merge candidate list, and zero merge candidate.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may generate a bitstream by entropy encoding at least one of a merge flag and a merge index, and may signal the decoding apparatus 200.
  • the merge flag may be information indicating whether to perform a merge mode for each block
  • the merge index may be information on which one of neighboring blocks adjacent to the current block is merged.
  • the neighboring blocks of the current block may include at least one of a left neighboring block, a top neighboring block, and a temporal neighboring block of the current block.
  • the skip mode may be a mode in which motion information of a neighboring block is applied to the current block as it is.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may entropy-code information about which block motion information to use as the motion information of the current block and signal the decoding apparatus 200 through the bitstream. In this case, the encoding apparatus 100 may not signal a syntax element regarding at least one of motion vector difference information, an encoding block flag, and a transform coefficient level (quantized level) to the decoding apparatus 200.
  • the current picture reference mode may mean a prediction mode using a pre-restored region in the current picture to which the current block belongs. In this case, a vector may be defined to specify the pre-restored region.
  • Whether the current block is encoded in the current picture reference mode may be encoded using a reference picture index of the current block.
  • a flag or index indicating whether the current block is a block encoded in the current picture reference mode may be signaled or may be inferred through the reference picture index of the current block.
  • the current picture When the current block is encoded in the current picture reference mode, the current picture may be added at a fixed position or an arbitrary position in the reference picture list for the current block.
  • the fixed position may be, for example, a position at which the reference picture index is 0 or the last position.
  • a separate reference image index indicating the arbitrary position may be signaled.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing a process of transform and quantization.
  • a quantized level may be generated by performing a transform and / or quantization process on the residual signal.
  • the residual signal may be generated as a difference between an original block and a prediction block (intra-prediction block or inter-prediction block).
  • the prediction block may be a block generated by intra prediction or inter prediction.
  • the transformation may include at least one of a primary transformation and a secondary transformation. When the primary transform is performed on the residual signal, the transform coefficient may be generated, and the secondary transform coefficient may be generated by performing the secondary transform on the transform coefficient.
  • the primary transform may be performed using at least one of a plurality of pre-defined transformation methods.
  • the plurality of pre-defined transformation methods may include a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), a Discrete Sine Transform (DST), or a Karhunen-Loeve Transform (KLT) based transformation.
  • Secondary transform may be performed on the transform coefficient generated after the primary transform is performed.
  • the transformation method applied during the primary transform and / or the secondary transform may be determined according to at least one of encoding parameters of the current block and / or the neighboring block.
  • transformation information indicating a transformation method may be signaled.
  • Quantization may be performed by performing quantization on the result of the primary transform and / or the secondary transform or the residual signal to generate a quantized level.
  • the quantized level may be scanned according to at least one of a top right diagonal scan, a vertical scan, and a horizontal scan based on at least one of an intra prediction mode or a block size / shape. For example, it can be changed into a one-dimensional vector form by scanning the coefficients of the block using up-right diagonal scanning.
  • a vertical scan that scans two-dimensional block shape coefficients in a column direction instead of a right upper diagonal scan may be used, and a horizontal scan that scans two-dimensional block shape coefficients in a row direction may be used.
  • the scanned quantized level may be entropy coded and included in the bitstream.
  • the decoder may entropy decode the bitstream to generate quantized levels.
  • the quantized levels may be inverse scanned and aligned in the form of two-dimensional blocks. In this case, at least one of the upper right diagonal scan, the vertical scan, and the horizontal scan may be performed as a reverse scanning method.
  • Inverse quantization can be performed on the quantized level, the second inverse transform can be performed according to whether or not the second inverse transform is performed, and the first inverse transform is performed according to whether or not the first inverse transform is performed on the result of the second inverse transform.
  • Generated residual signal can be generated.
  • the present invention relates to an image encoding / decoding method using a line buffer, an apparatus, and a recording medium for storing a bitstream, and to encode / decode an image to be encoded / decoded according to at least one of the following embodiments. Can be.
  • the line buffer may mean at least one of a horizontal line buffer and a vertical line buffer.
  • block information is described as being used only for a specific encoding / decoding process, such a description does not limit the scope of the present invention. Some block information or a combination of block information may be utilized for various encoding / decoding processes or a combination of encoding / decoding processes.
  • the encoding / decoding method disclosed in FIG. 7 may be performed by the encoding apparatus 100 or the decoding apparatus 200.
  • the encoding / decoding method comprises the steps of: loading information of neighboring blocks of the current block (S710), performing encoding / decoding of the current block using information of the loaded neighboring block (S720) and encoding In operation S730, information about the current block generated during the decoding process may be stored.
  • step S710 it may be determined whether information of the neighboring block should be loaded.
  • the neighboring block is determined to be an unavailable block in the current block, and at least one of the information of the neighboring block is determined in the current block. You may not load it.
  • At least one of the information of the neighboring block for the current block may be determined as at least one of information of a previously encoded / decoded block. have.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines not to load the information of the at least one neighboring block
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that at least one of the information of the neighboring blocks for the current block is a predetermined fixed value. Can be.
  • At least one of the information of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer may be determined as at least one of the information of the neighboring block for the current block.
  • the neighboring block with respect to the current block is performed by performing a predetermined inverse operation on at least one of the information of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer. At least one of the information may be determined.
  • whether to load the information of the neighboring block of the current block may be determined according to at least one of the information of the neighboring block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may load the information of the neighboring block.
  • the information of the neighboring block is an encoding block flag
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may not load the information of the neighboring block.
  • encoding / decoding of the current block may be performed using the loaded neighboring block information.
  • at least one of encoding / decoding processes for the current block may be performed using at least one of information of neighboring blocks.
  • the encoding / decoding process for the current block may be at least one of inter prediction, intra prediction, transform, inverse transform, quantization, inverse quantization, entropy encoding / decoding, and in-loop filter for the current block.
  • various encoding / decoding processes requiring block information may be included in the encoding decoding process for the current block.
  • information about the current block generated in the encoding / decoding process may be stored. In this case, storing information about the current block may be performed for a block to be encoded / decoded later.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may store at least one of the information of the current block in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a predetermined operation on at least one of the information of the current block and store it in the line buffer.
  • Whether to store the information of the current block may be determined according to at least one of the information of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may store information of the current block.
  • the information of the current block is an encoding block flag
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may not store the information of the current block.
  • a line buffer may be an entity used by a video codec to save or load block information.
  • the line buffer in the present invention may mean a memory in the form of an on-chip memory or an external memory.
  • a register, a random access memory (RAM), or the like may also mean a line buffer in the present invention or may be used for the line buffer.
  • the encoding device or the decoding device for the block to be subsequently encoded / decoded the block information generated in the inter prediction, intra prediction, transform, inverse transform, quantization, inverse quantization, entropy encoding / decoding, in-loop filter process Can be stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may load and use at least one of information of neighboring blocks previously stored in the line buffer when encoding / decoding a block to be encoded / decoded later.
  • block information or block information may mean at least one of the above-described encoding parameters.
  • the information of the block may include at least one of information used in inter prediction, intra prediction, transform, inverse transform, quantization, inverse quantization, entropy encoding / decoding, and in-loop filter. That is, the block information includes block size, block depth, block partitioning information, block type (square or non-square), quadtree type splitting, binary tree splitting, binary tree splitting direction (horizontal or vertical).
  • motion vector difference motion vector difference for at least one of L0, L1, L2, L3, etc.
  • inter prediction direction inter prediction direction for at least one of unidirectional prediction, bidirectional prediction, etc.
  • reference image index Reference image index for at least one of L0, L1, L2, L3, etc.
  • inter prediction prediction indicator prediction list utilization flag, reference image list, motion vector prediction index, motion vector prediction candidate, motion vector candidate list, merge mode use or not , Merge index, merge candidates, merge candidate list, skip mode availability, interpolation filter type, interpolation filter tab, interpolation filter coefficients, motion vector size, motion vector representation accuracy (integer samples, 1 ⁇ 2 samples, 1 ⁇ 4 samples, 1/8 samples) Unit of motion vector representation, (1/16 samples, 1/32 samples, etc.), transform type, transform size, information on whether to use the primary transform, information on whether to use the secondary transform, primary transform index, secondary transform index, Signal presence information, coded block pattern, coded block flag, quantization parameter, residual quantization parameter, quantization matrix, whether to apply in-screen loop
  • the CTU may be a unit included in at least one of sub-pictures in which an image is divided, such as a slice, a tile, and a tile group.
  • the encoding / decoding order of the CTU may include at least one of an encoding / decoding order performed from left to right in row units and an encoding / decoding order performed from top to bottom in column units.
  • the CTU may include at least one of units for encoding / decoding an image such as a macroblock, an LCU, a CU, and the like.
  • the CTU may include at least one block or unit. That is, the CTU may be a coding / decoding unit of an image composed of at least one block or unit.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a horizontal line buffer.
  • an order of encoding / decoding a CTU or a block in a row unit from left to right may be referred to as a raster scan order or a horizontal scan order.
  • the block existing in the top row in a block unit within the next CTU row is the information of the previously stored block.
  • the line buffer used at this time may be referred to as a horizontal line buffer or a row buffer.
  • the image when the image is divided into slices, tiles, and tile groups, and there is a horizontal boundary in the image, information of a block existing at the bottom of the top slice, tile, or tile group based on the current slice, tile, or tile group.
  • These can be stored in horizontal line buffers or row buffers.
  • the horizontal line buffer or the row buffer may have a buffer size proportional to the horizontal size of the image.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a vertical line buffer.
  • a block existing in the leftmost block in the next CTU column may store information of a previously stored block. Can be used as information on the left neighboring block.
  • the line buffer used may be referred to as a vertical line buffer or a column buffer.
  • Information can be stored in a vertical line buffer or a column buffer.
  • the vertical line buffer or the column buffer may have a buffer size proportional to the vertical size of the image.
  • a line buffer may mean at least one of a horizontal line buffer, a row buffer, a vertical line buffer, and a column buffer.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for describing a method in which a current block refers to information of neighboring blocks at a boundary of a CTU row
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for describing a method in which a current block refers to information of neighboring blocks at a boundary of a CTU column. .
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 A peripheral block in the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • the neighboring block may be at least one of a spatial neighboring block adjacent to the current block, such as a block adjacent to the top, a block adjacent to the upper left, a block adjacent to the upper right, a block adjacent to the left, and a block adjacent to the lower left.
  • a spatial neighboring block adjacent to the current block such as a block adjacent to the top, a block adjacent to the upper left, a block adjacent to the upper right, a block adjacent to the left, and a block adjacent to the lower left.
  • the block adjacent to the top may be a block adjacent to the current block and located at the top outside the row boundary of the CTU, as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the block adjacent to the upper left end may be a block adjacent to the current block and located at the upper left outside the row boundary of the CTU, as shown in FIG. 10.
  • a block adjacent to the upper right end may be a block adjacent to the current block and located at the upper right end outside the boundary of the CTU, as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the block adjacent to the left side may be a block adjacent to the current block and located outside the column boundary of the CTU, as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the block adjacent to the lower left end may be a block adjacent to the current block and located at the lower left outside the column boundary of the CTU, as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the neighboring block may be at least one of the spatial neighboring blocks adjacent to the boundary of the current block.
  • the neighbor block is a block existing outside the row or column boundary of the CTU to which the current block belongs and may be at least one of the spatial neighbor blocks adjacent to the boundary of the current block.
  • the neighboring block may be at least one of the spatial neighboring blocks including a sample outside the current block adjacent to a specific sample position in the current block.
  • the neighboring block may be at least one of spatial neighboring blocks that exist outside the CTU row or column boundary to which the current block belongs and include samples outside the current block adjacent to a specific sample position in the current block.
  • the neighboring block may be a temporal neighboring block that is at least one of blocks belonging to another image, slice, tile, and tile group other than the current image, slice, tile, and tile group to which the current block belongs.
  • the temporal neighboring block may be at least one of a block corresponding to the spatial position of the current block among blocks belonging to the reference image, the reference slice, the reference tile, and the reference tile group, or blocks adjacent to the corresponding block.
  • the neighboring block in the present invention may mean at least one of spatial or temporal neighboring blocks with respect to the current block.
  • the present invention a case in which neighboring blocks of the current block exist at a row or column boundary of the CTU will be described as an example.
  • the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and may include a case in which neighboring blocks exist at slice boundaries, tile boundaries, and tile group boundaries.
  • the line buffer may be needed when storing or loading information on blocks existing outside the CTU boundary to which the current block belongs based on the current block.
  • a separate CTU unit or a block unit memory may be used instead of the line buffer.
  • the buffer for the information of the block existing on the left with respect to the current block is relatively small, can be easily implemented in the on-chip memory, and does not increase the external memory access bandwidth.
  • the buffer for storing the information of the block existing in the upper CTU based on the current block increases in proportion to the horizontal size of the image. That is, when the on-chip line buffer is used to store the information of the block existing in the upper CTU based on the current block, the chip area and the cost increase significantly. In addition, when the external memory is used to store the information of the block existing in the upper CTU based on the current block, the external memory access bandwidth is significantly increased.
  • FIGS. 12 to 18 are diagrams for describing a method in which a current block refers to information of a neighboring block at a boundary of a CTU row, according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus encodes the current block through at least one or a combination of the following methods.
  • Decryption process can be performed.
  • removing the line buffer may mean not using the line buffer for storing at least one of the information of the block. That is, the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus does not store at least one of the information of the block in the line buffer, does not use at least one of the information of the block in the current block, or replaces the information of the block in the current block with another value. Can mean using.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for describing a method in which a current block refers to information of a neighboring block at a boundary of a CTU row, according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available in the current block, and at least among information of the neighboring block. One may not be used in the current block.
  • An arrow shown in FIG. 12 may mean that at least one of information of neighboring blocks is used in the current block.
  • the neighboring block in which the arrow is not shown may mean that information of at least one or more blocks of information of the neighboring block is not used in the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available and the motion vector or motion vector difference of the neighboring block is inter-screen for the current block. May not be used in prediction.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the neighboring block as an unavailable block, and determines the intra-screen luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the neighboring block. May not be used in intra prediction of blocks.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the neighboring block as an unavailable block, and the restored luminance sample, the restored chrominance sample, and the residual luminance of the neighboring block.
  • the sample or residual color difference sample may not be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and determines whether to use the primary transform or the secondary transform of the neighboring block.
  • Information, primary transform index, or secondary transform index may not be used in the transform or inverse transform of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and converts the luminance transform coefficient or the color difference transform coefficient of the neighboring block into the current block. Or it may not be used in inverse transform.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and determines the quantization parameter or the residual quantization parameter of the neighboring block of the current block. May not be used in quantization or dequantization.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and quantizes the luminance quantization level or the color difference quantization level of the neighboring block. Or may not be used in dequantization.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and determines block partitioning information of the neighboring block (quad tree type partitioning or binary). Whether to split a tree or split into a three-part tree) may not be used in entropy encoding / decoding of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and the significant coefficient flag of the neighboring block is determined by entropy encoding / decoding of the current block. May not be used.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and the transform coefficient level scanning method of the neighboring block is determined by entropy encoding / May not be used in decryption.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and deblocking filter coefficients, deblocking filter taps, or deblocking of the neighboring blocks.
  • the blocking filter strength may not be used in the filter in the loop of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and determines whether to apply the adaptive sample offset of the neighboring block or the adaptive sample offset.
  • the value, adaptive sample offset category, or adaptive sample offset type may not be used in the in-loop filter of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines that the neighboring block is not available, and applies the adaptive loop filter information on the neighboring block or the adaptive loop filter.
  • the coefficients, adaptive loop filter tab, adaptive loop filter shape / shape, and adaptive loop filter index may not be used in the in-loop filter of the current block.
  • At least one of information of the current block may not be stored in the line buffer.
  • FIG. 13 is another diagram for describing a method of referring to information of a neighboring block by a current block at a boundary of a CTU row, according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may obtain at least one of information of a block encoded / decoded before the current block or other neighboring blocks in the current CTU. It may be determined or replaced with at least one of information of neighboring blocks existing outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU.
  • the solid arrow shown in FIG. 13 may mean that at least one of information of neighboring blocks is used in the current block.
  • the dashed arrow shown in FIG. 13 determines or replaces at least one of information of neighboring blocks existing outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU with at least one of information of a previously encoded / decoded block or other neighboring blocks in the current CTU. Can mean being.
  • the dotted line starting point and the arrival point shown in FIG. 13 are examples, and such illustration does not limit the scope of the present invention.
  • the information A of the neighboring block existing in the current CTU row may be determined not only by the neighboring block existing in the upper left corner of the current block but also by the information of the neighboring block existing in the upper or upper right corner. That is, the correspondence of the neighboring blocks through the arrow shown is only an example of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the motion vector prediction index or the merge index of the previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU to the row of the current CTU.
  • it may be determined as the motion vector prediction index or the merge index of the neighboring block that exists outside the column boundary, and may be used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may add interpolation filter coefficients of a previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU.
  • the interpolation filter coefficient of the existing neighboring block may be determined and used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the accuracy of the motion vector representation of the previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU in the row or column of the current CTU.
  • the accuracy of the motion vector representation of the neighboring blocks that exist outside the boundary may be determined and used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform intra-picture luminance prediction mode or intra-screen color difference prediction mode of a previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU. May be determined as an intra-picture luminance prediction mode or an intra-screen color difference prediction mode of a neighboring block that exists outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU, and may be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may reconstruct the luminance sample, the reconstructed color difference sample, the residual of the previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU.
  • the luminance samples, or residual chrominance samples are determined as reconstructed luminance samples, reconstructed chrominance samples, residual luminance samples, or residual chrominance samples of neighboring blocks that exist outside the row or column boundaries of the current CTU, and are then predicted in-screen of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may use information on the primary transform of the previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU, and use the secondary transform.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the luminance transform coefficient or the color difference transform coefficient of the previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU. It may be determined by the luminance transform coefficient or the chrominance transform coefficient of the neighboring block existing outside the row or column boundary, and may be used in the transform or inverse transform of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may replace the quantization parameter or the residual quantization parameter of the previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU. It is determined by the quantization parameter or residual quantization parameter of the neighboring block that exists outside the row or column boundary of and can be used in the quantization or inverse quantization of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the luminance quantization level or the chrominance quantization level of the previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU into the current CTU.
  • the luminance quantization level or the chrominance quantization level of the neighboring block existing outside the row or column boundary may be determined and used in the quantization or inverse quantization of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may divide a block or binary tree form of a previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU.
  • Direction or vertical) or binary tree-type partitioning symmetric or asymmetric partitioning
  • the block type of the neighboring block that exists outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU the binary tree-type partitioning direction (horizontal or vertical), or It can be determined by the binary tree type splitting form (symmetric splitting or asymmetric splitting), and can be used in entropy encoding / decoding of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a transform coefficient level scanning method of a previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU, or the row of the current CTU. By determining the transform coefficient level scanning method of the neighboring block that exists outside the column boundary, it can be used in entropy encoding / decoding of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform deblocking filter coefficients, deblocking filter taps of previously encoded / decoded blocks or other neighboring blocks in the current CTU, or
  • the deblocking filter strength may be determined as a deblocking filter coefficient, a deblocking filter tap, or a deblocking filter strength of a neighboring block that exists outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU, and used in the in-loop filter of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may apply adaptive sample offset information of a previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU, and adaptive sample.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may apply information about whether to apply an adaptive loop filter on a previously encoded / decoded block or another neighboring block in the current CTU, or an adaptive loop.
  • Information about whether the filter coefficients, adaptive loop filter tabs, adaptive loop filter shapes / forms, or adaptive loop filter indexes are applied to adaptive loop filters of neighboring blocks that exist outside the row or column boundaries of the current CTU, adaptive loop filter coefficients It can be determined by the adaptive loop filter tap, the adaptive loop filter shape / shape, or the adaptive loop filter index, and can be used in the in-loop filter of the current block.
  • At least one of information of the current block may not be stored in the line buffer.
  • FIG. 14 is another diagram for describing a method of referring to information of a neighboring block by a current block at a boundary of a CTU row, according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus predefines at least one of information of the neighboring block for the current block in the current block in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. To be fixed.
  • the solid arrow shown in FIG. 14 may mean that at least one of information of neighboring blocks is used in the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus sets the motion vector of the neighboring block to a fixed value (for example, (0, 0)) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. Can be used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine a motion vector difference of the neighboring block in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus (for example, (0, 0)). In this case, it can be used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the reference image index of the neighboring block as a fixed value (for example, 0) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. This can be used for inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may use the inter prediction prediction indicators of the neighboring blocks to fix a fixed value (for example, bidirectional prediction) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus.
  • the value determined by the indication may be used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-chromatic color prediction mode of the neighboring block in the DC mode, which is a fixed value in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. It can be determined as a value indicating or a value indicating a PLANAR mode, which can be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine a reconstructed luminance sample or a reconstructed color difference sample of the neighboring block by a fixed value (for example, , 2 ⁇ (BitDepth-1)), and it can be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • BitDepth represents the bit depth of the input signal and may be a positive integer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the residual luminance samples or the residual chrominance samples of the neighboring block at fixed values (eg, 0) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. ) To use in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the encoding block flag of the neighboring block as a fixed value (for example, 0) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. This can be used in the transformation or inverse transformation of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the encoding block flag of the neighboring block as a fixed value (for example, 0) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. This can be used in quantization or inverse quantization of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the residual quantization parameter of the neighboring block as a fixed value (eg, 0) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. This can be used in quantization or inverse quantization of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus when the neighboring block exists outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU, the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus indicates a block value of the neighboring block to indicate a fixed value (eg, square form) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. By determining the value, it can be used in entropy encoding / decoding of the current block.
  • a fixed value eg, square form
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the deblocking filter strength of the neighboring block by using a fixed value (eg, deblocking filtering) in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus.
  • a fixed value eg, deblocking filtering
  • a value indicating the filter strength not to be performed which can be used in a filter in a loop of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine whether to apply the adaptive sample offset of the neighboring block to a fixed value (for example, adaptive). Value that does not indicate the application of the sample offset), which can be used in an in-loop filter of the current block.
  • a fixed value for example, adaptive
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine whether to apply the adaptive loop filter of the neighboring block to a fixed value (for example, adaptive). Value, which does not indicate the application of the loop filter), and can be used in the in-loop filter of the current block.
  • a fixed value for example, adaptive
  • At least one of information of the current block may not be stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the current block through at least one or a combination of the following methods. An encoding / decoding process can be performed.
  • reducing the size of the line buffer may mean storing at least one of the information of the block by using a line buffer having a size smaller than the size of the line buffer required when storing at least one of the information of the block. That is, the encoding device or the decoding device compresses and stores at least one piece of information of a block in a line buffer, uses information of neighboring blocks that are compressed and stored in the line buffer in the current block, or compresses in the line buffer in the current block. This may mean decompression of the stored neighboring block information.
  • FIG. 15 is another diagram for describing a method of referring to information of a neighboring block by a current block according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • At least one of the information of the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer may be determined as at least one of the information of the neighboring block for the current block in the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may store at least one of information of the current block in the current block in the line buffer.
  • At least one of the information of the current block may be at least one of the information of the current block on which the encoding / decoding process is performed.
  • the solid arrow shown in FIG. 15 may mean that at least one of the information of the neighboring blocks is used in the current block.
  • the neighboring block may exist within or outside the boundary based on the row or column boundary of the current CTU.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the motion vector or motion vector difference of the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer as the motion vector or motion vector difference of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block, and predicts the inter-screen of the current block. Available at
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the reference image index of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the reference image index of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block, and use it in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the inter-prediction indicator of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the inter-prediction indicator of the neighboring block for the current block in the current block, and use it in the inter-prediction prediction of the current block. have.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the motion vector prediction index or the merge index of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the motion vector prediction index or the merge index of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block. Available in inter prediction.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the interpolation filter coefficients of the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer as interpolation filter coefficients of the neighboring blocks for the current block in the current block and use the interpolation filter coefficients in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the motion vector representation accuracy of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the motion vector representation accuracy of the neighboring block from the current block to the current block, and use it in the inter prediction of the current block. have.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may set the intra-screen luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color prediction mode of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer in the intra-screen luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block. It can be determined, and can be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines whether the reference sample filter of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer is applied, whether the prediction block filter is applied, or whether the prediction block boundary filter is applied to the reference sample filter of the neighboring block from the current block to the current block. Whether it is applied, whether the prediction block filter is applied, or whether the prediction block boundary filter is applied, may be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the reference sample filter coefficients, the predictive block filter coefficients, or the predictive block boundary filter coefficients of the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer, and the reference sample filter coefficients of the neighboring blocks with respect to the current block in the current block.
  • the block filter coefficients or the prediction block boundary filter coefficients may be determined and used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may restore a restored luminance sample, a restored color difference sample, a residual luminance sample, or a residual color difference sample of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from the current block.
  • the reconstructed color difference sample, the residual luminance sample, or the residual color difference sample may be determined and used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine whether to use the primary transform information, the secondary transform usage information, the primary transform index, or the secondary transform index of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer with respect to the current block in the current block.
  • the information may be determined as information on whether the primary transform is used, whether the secondary transform is used, the primary transform index, or the secondary transform index, and may be used in the transform or inverse transform of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the encoding block flag of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the encoding block flag of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block, and use it in the transformation or inverse transformation of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the luminance transform coefficients or the color difference transform coefficients of the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer as the luminance transform coefficients or the color difference transform coefficients of the neighboring blocks from the current block to the current block. Can be used in transform or inverse transform.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the encoding block flag of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the encoding block flag of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block, and use it in quantization or dequantization of the current block. .
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the quantization parameter or the residual quantization parameter of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the quantization parameter or the residual quantization parameter of the neighboring block for the current block in the current block, and It can be used for quantization or inverse quantization of blocks.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the luminance quantization level or the chrominance quantization level of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the luminance quantization level or the chrominance quantization level of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block. Can be used in quantization or inverse quantization.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine a block type or block splitting information (whether the quadtree type, the binary tree type, or the three-tree type) of the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer in the current block. It is determined by block type or block splitting information (quad tree type split, binary tree type split, 3 split tree type split) of neighboring blocks with respect to the current block and used for entropy encoding / decoding of the current block. Can be.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may use a binary tree type division direction (horizontal or vertical direction) or binary tree type division type (symmetric division or asymmetric division) of a neighboring block stored in the line buffer in the current block. It can be determined by the binary tree type division direction (horizontal or vertical direction) or the binary tree type division type (symmetric division or asymmetric division) of the neighboring block, and can be used in entropy encoding / decoding of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the prediction mode (intra prediction or inter prediction) of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer in the prediction block of the neighboring block for the current block (intra prediction or inter prediction) of the current block. It can be determined as, and can be used in the entropy encoding / decoding of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the binarization / debinarization method of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the prediction mode (intra prediction or inter prediction) of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block. It can be used for entropy encoding / decoding of blocks.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the significant coefficient flag or the last significant coefficient flag of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the significant coefficient flag or the last significant coefficient flag of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block. It can be used for entropy encoding / decoding of blocks.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the transform coefficient level scanning method of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the transform coefficient level scanning method of the neighboring block from the current block to the current block, and entropy encodes / decodes the current block. Available at
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may deblocking filter coefficients, deblocking filter taps, or deblocking filter strengths of neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer, and deblocking filter coefficients of the neighboring blocks for the current block in the current block. Determined by the filter tap, or deblocking filter strength, it can be used in a filter in the loop of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine whether an adaptive sample offset is applied to a neighboring block stored in a line buffer, an adaptive sample offset value, an adaptive sample offset category, or an adaptive sample offset type for a current block in the current block. Whether the neighboring block is applied to the adaptive sample offset, the adaptive sample offset value, the adaptive sample offset category, or the adaptive sample offset type may be determined and used in the in-loop filter of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may apply the adaptive loop filter to the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer, the adaptive loop filter coefficient, the adaptive loop filter tap, the adaptive loop filter shape / shape, or the adaptive loop filter index. Is determined by applying the adaptive loop filter of the neighboring block to the current block in the current block, the adaptive loop filter coefficients, the adaptive loop filter tab, the adaptive loop filter shape / shape, or the adaptive loop filter index. Can be used in filters within the loop of a block.
  • At least one of information of the current block may be stored in the line buffer.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram for describing a method of referring to information of a neighboring block by a current block at a boundary of a CTU row, according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a predetermined inverse operation on at least one of the information of the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer.
  • the current block may be determined or replaced with at least one of information of neighboring blocks of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a predetermined operation on at least one piece of information of the current block in the current block and store it in the line buffer.
  • at least one of the information of the current block may be at least one of the information of the current block on which the encoding / decoding process is performed.
  • the solid arrow shown in FIG. 16 may mean that at least one of the information of the neighboring blocks is used in the current block.
  • the dotted arrows shown in FIG. 16 may mean that a predetermined inverse operation is performed on at least one of information of neighboring blocks existing outside a row or column boundary of the current CTU, and thus determined as at least one of information of neighboring blocks for the current block. have.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus changes the motion vector of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from 1 / T sample unit to 1 / S sample unit and changes the changed motion.
  • the vector may be determined as a motion vector of a neighboring block with respect to the current block and used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus changes the motion vector of the current block from the 1 / S sample unit to the 1 / T sample unit in the current block to the line buffer. Can be stored.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus converts the motion vector of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from 1/2 sample unit, 1/4 sample unit,
  • the changed motion vector may be determined as a motion vector of a neighboring block with respect to the current block, and may be used for inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus decodes the motion vector of the current block in the current block by 1/2 sample unit, 1/4 sample unit, 1/8 sample unit. Alternatively, it can be converted into integer units from 1/16 sample units and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the motion vector of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from 1/4 sample unit to 1/8 sample unit, or 1/16 unit. It may be changed to a sample unit or the like, and may be determined as a motion vector of a neighboring block with respect to the current block, and may be used in inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the motion vector of the current block in the current block in 1/8 sample units or 1/16 sample units. It can be changed in 4 sample units and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus changes the motion vector difference of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from 1 / T sample unit to 1 / S sample unit.
  • the motion vector difference may be determined as the motion vector difference of the neighboring block with respect to the current block, and used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus changes the motion vector difference of the current block in the current block from 1 / S sample units to 1 / T sample units. Can be stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the motion vector difference of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from 1/2 sample unit, 1/4 sample unit, It can be changed to 1/8 sample unit or 1/16 sample unit, and the changed motion vector difference can be determined as the motion vector difference of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block, and can be used in the inter prediction of the current block. .
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine a motion vector difference of the current block in the current block by 1/2 sample unit, 1/4 sample unit, 1 / It can be converted into integer units from 8 sample units or 1/16 sample units and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the motion vector difference of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from 1/4 sample unit to 1/8 sample unit or 1/16 unit.
  • the changed motion vector difference may be determined as a sample unit, and the changed motion vector difference may be determined as the motion vector difference of a neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block, and used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine a motion vector difference of the current block in the current block in 1/8 sample units or 1/16 sample units. It can be changed in units of / 4 samples and stored in the line buffer.
  • S and T may be positive integers or fractions.
  • S and T may have independent values of each other.
  • S and T may be the same value or may have different values.
  • S when the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus stores the motion vector with lower precision, S may be greater than or equal to T.
  • T when the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus stores the motion vector with higher accuracy, T may be greater than or equal to S.
  • S and T are at least one of 1/64, 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, etc., respectively. It can have a value.
  • a right shift by a predetermined value to the motion vector value or the motion vector difference value ( right shift) operation may be performed.
  • the shifted predetermined value may be a value preset in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus or a value signaled from the encoding apparatus to the decoding apparatus.
  • the process of performing the left shift or the right shift to change the accuracy of the motion vector or the motion vector difference may be performed in at least one of motion vector candidate list construction, merge candidate list construction, subblock unit merge candidate list construction, and the like. Can be.
  • at least one of a motion vector candidate list construction, a merge candidate list construction, a subblock unit merge candidate list construction, etc. may be performed to determine whether the same motion vector or motion vector difference exists based on the motion vector or the motion vector difference whose accuracy is changed. It can be performed in.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may not be further included in at least one of a motion vector candidate list, a merge candidate list, and a subblock unit merge candidate list.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding The apparatus may allow the corresponding motion vector or motion vector difference to be included in at least one of a motion vector candidate list, a merge candidate list, and a subblock unit merge candidate list.
  • At least one of T and S may be a value preset in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus, and as another example, may be a value signaled by the encoder to the decoder.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus shifts left by a predetermined M value in the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer.
  • the operation may be performed to determine the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block, and use the same in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus is right by a predetermined N value in the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color prediction mode of the current block in the current block. You can perform a shift operation and store it in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation by a value of 1 in the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer.
  • the current block may be determined as an intra-picture luminance prediction mode or an intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the neighboring block with respect to the current block, and may be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus shifts the right side by a value of 1 to the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the current block in the current block.
  • the value of the operation can be stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may be configured to reconstruct the luminance sample, the restored chrominance sample, the residual luminance sample, or the residual chrominance sample of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer. Performs a left shift operation by M value of, and determines the restored luminance sample, the restored chrominance sample, the residual luminance sample, or the residual chrominance sample of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block, and estimates this in the screen of the current block.
  • M value of M value of
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may restore a reconstructed luminance sample, a reconstructed color difference sample, a residual luminance sample, or a residual color difference sample of the current block in the current block.
  • a right shift operation may be performed by a predetermined value of N and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus when the neighboring block exists outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU, the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the luminance transform coefficient or the color difference transform coefficient of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer by a predetermined M value.
  • the current block may be determined as a luminance transform coefficient or a color difference transform coefficient of a neighboring block with respect to the current block, and may be used in the transform or inverse transform of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a right shift operation by a predetermined N value on the luminance transform coefficient or the color difference transform coefficient of the current block in the current block. Can be stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus when the neighboring block exists outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU, the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the quantization parameter or the remaining quantization parameter of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer by a predetermined M value.
  • the current block may be determined as a quantization parameter or a residual quantization parameter of a neighboring block with respect to the current block, and may be used in quantization or inverse quantization of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a right shift operation by a predetermined N value on the quantization parameter or the residual quantization parameter of the current block in the current block. Can be stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus when the neighboring block exists outside the row or column boundary of the current CTU, the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation by a predetermined M value on the luminance quantization level or the chrominance quantization level of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer.
  • the current block may be determined as a luminance quantization level or a color difference quantization level of a neighboring block with respect to the current block, and may be used in quantization or inverse quantization of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a right shift operation by a predetermined N value on the luminance quantization level or the chrominance quantization level of the current block in the current block.
  • the calculated value can be stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the motion vector of the luminance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, determines the motion vector of the luminance block with respect to the chrominance block in the current block, and determines the color difference block. Available in inter-screen predictions.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the motion vector of the luminance block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on each component of the motion vector of the luminance block stored in the memory by a value of 1 to determine the motion vector of the luminance block with respect to the chrominance block in the current block and to display the screen of the chrominance block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on each component of the motion vector of the luminance block in the current block by a value of 1, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert a motion vector value used in inter-screen prediction of the current block into a floating point representation and store the converted value in a memory.
  • the value converted to the floating point representation is converted back to a motion vector value and used for inter prediction of neighboring blocks.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert a motion vector value expressed in N bits into a floating point representation of M bits.
  • the M bit may be composed of R mantissa bits and P exponent portion bits.
  • N, M, R, and P may be positive integers, and may be 18, 10, 6, or 4, respectively.
  • the motion vector used in the inter prediction of the current block may be converted into a floating point representation according to Equation 1 below.
  • mv [] may mean a motion vector value used in inter prediction of the current block
  • compIdx may be a value indicating a component type of the motion vector.
  • compIdx may be an index value indicating an x value or a y value of a motion vector, an index value indicating a luminance or chrominance component of the motion vector, or an index value indicating a prediction direction (eg, L0 or L1).
  • Floor () may be a function to discard the value below the decimal point.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the scaled motion vector value of the current block as the minimum value or the maximum value of the predetermined range, Can be used in inter-screen prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the scaled motion vector value as the minimum value of the predetermined range and use it for inter prediction of the current block. have.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the scaled motion vector value as the maximum value of the predetermined range and use it in inter prediction.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the scaled motion vector value as the minimum or maximum value of the predetermined range and store the determined value in the memory.
  • the predetermined range may be -2 ⁇ N to 2 ⁇ N-1.
  • N may be a positive integer, for example 17.
  • N may be 17, -2 ⁇ N may have a value of -131072, and 2 ⁇ N-1 may have a value of 131071.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the intra prediction mode of the luminance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value to determine the intra prediction mode of the luminance block for the chrominance block in the current block. This can be used in intra prediction of the chrominance block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the intra prediction mode of the luminance block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the intra prediction mode of the chrominance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value to determine the intra prediction mode of the chrominance block with respect to the luminance block in the current block. This can be used in intra prediction of the luminance block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the intra prediction mode of the chrominance block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the intra prediction mode of the first chrominance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, so that the screen of the first chrominance block with respect to the second chrominance block in the current block is performed.
  • the prediction mode may be determined and used in the intra prediction of the second color difference block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the intra prediction mode of the first color difference block by a predetermined N value in the current block, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the intra prediction mode of the second chrominance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, so that the screen of the second chrominance block with respect to the first chrominance block in the current block is performed.
  • the prediction mode may be determined and used in the intra prediction of the first color difference block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the intra prediction mode of the second color difference block by a predetermined N value in the current block, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the reconstructed luminance sample or the residual luminance sample of the luminance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, thereby reconstructing the luminance of the luminance block with respect to the chrominance block in the current block. It can be determined as a sample or residual luminance sample, and it can be used in the intra prediction of the chrominance block.
  • a right shift operation may be performed on the restored luminance sample or the residual luminance sample of the luminance block by a predetermined N value in the current block, and the calculated value may be stored in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the reconstructed color difference sample or the residual color difference sample of the color difference block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, thereby reconstructing the color difference block of the chrominance block with respect to the luminance block in the current block.
  • the sample may be determined as a sample or a residual color difference sample, and may be used in the intra prediction of the luminance block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the reconstructed color difference sample or the residual color difference sample of the color difference block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the reconstructed first color difference sample or the remaining first color difference sample of the first color difference block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, and thus, the second color difference block in the current block. It may be determined as a reconstructed first chrominance sample or a residual first chrominance sample of the first chrominance block with respect to and used in the intra prediction of the second chrominance block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the reconstructed first color difference sample or the remaining first color difference sample of the first color difference block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory. .
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a left shift operation on the reconstructed second color difference sample or the remaining second color difference sample of the second color difference block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, and thus, the first color difference block in the current block. It may be determined as a reconstructed second color difference sample or a residual second color difference sample of the second color difference block for, and may be used in the intra prediction of the first color difference block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the reconstructed second color difference sample or the remaining second color difference sample of the second color difference block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory. .
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the transform coefficients of the luminance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, and determines the transform coefficient of the luminance block with respect to the chrominance block in the current block, which is determined as the chrominance block. Can be used in the transformation or inverse transformation of.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the transform coefficient of the luminance block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the quantization parameter or the residual quantization parameter of the luminance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, so that the quantization parameter of the luminance block with respect to the chrominance block in the current block.
  • the residual quantization parameter may be determined and used in quantization or inverse quantization of the color difference block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the quantization parameter or the residual quantization parameter of the luminance block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus performs a left shift operation on the quantization level of the luminance block stored in the memory by a predetermined M value, and determines the quantization level of the luminance block with respect to the chrominance block in the current block, which is then determined. It can be used in quantization or inverse quantization of.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform a right shift operation on the quantization level of the luminance block in the current block by a predetermined N value, and store the calculated value in the memory.
  • M and N may be positive integers.
  • M and N may be the same value or different values.
  • M and N may each have at least one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and the like.
  • 17 and 18 are still another diagram for describing a method of referring to information of a neighboring block by a current block at a boundary of a CTU row according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the encoding device or the decoding device stores at least one of the information of the current block in the line buffer
  • at least one of the information of the block stored in the line buffer Can be saved by changing the (Q * K) xR size from the QxR size unit. In this case, the size of the line buffer can be reduced.
  • Q, R, or K described above may be a positive integer.
  • Q, R, or K may be a predefined and fixed value in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus. For example, if Q and R are 4 and K is 2, since the information of the block is changed in units of 4x4 to 8x4 size and stored, the information of one block is lined instead of being stored in the line buffer. Can be stored in a buffer. That is, the size of the line buffer may be reduced by reducing the number of information of the blocks to be stored.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus does not store at least one of the information of the neighboring block in the line buffer in units of QxR size as shown in FIG. 18 (Q * K). Can be stored in the line buffer in xR size units.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may change at least one of the information of the block stored in the line buffer in units of the (Q * K) xR size in units of the QxR size and use it in the encoding / decoding process of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may substitute at least one of information of other neighboring blocks adjacent to the specific neighboring block with respect to the current block instead of at least one of information of the specific neighboring block stored in the line buffer. It can be determined or replaced with at least one of the information in the block. In this case, at least one of the information of the current block in the current block may not be stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may add the motion vector or motion vector difference of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer to the motion vector of the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block.
  • the motion vector difference may be determined and used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the motion vector value or the motion vector difference value of the current block from the current block to the motion vector value or the motion vector of the neighboring block. You can change it to a difference value and store it in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the reference image index of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the reference image index of the neighboring block for the current block in the current block. This can be used for inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus changes the reference image index value of the current block from the current block to the reference image index value of the neighboring block, and then lines it. Can be stored in a buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may display the inter prediction prediction indicator of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer in the current block. It can be determined, and can be used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus changes the inter-prediction indicator value of the current block from the current block to the inter-prediction indicator value of the neighboring block. You can store it in a line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may add the motion vector prediction index or merge index of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer to the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block.
  • the prediction index or the merge index may be used to determine the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus replace the motion vector prediction index value or the merge index value of the current block in the current block with the motion vector prediction index value or the merge index of the neighboring block. You can change it to a value and store it in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the interpolation filter coefficient of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer as the interpolation filter coefficient of the neighboring block for the current block in the current block. This can be used in inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus change the interpolation filter coefficient value of the current block in the current block to the interpolation filter coefficient value of the neighboring block, and thus, the line Can be stored in a buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the motion vector representation accuracy of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from the current block with respect to the current block. It can be determined, and can be used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus changes the motion vector representation accuracy value of the current block from the current block to the motion vector representation accuracy value of the neighboring block. You can store it in a line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may set the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer for the current block in the current block.
  • the intra-block luminance prediction mode or the intra-chromatic color prediction mode of the neighboring block may be determined and used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may change an intra-picture luminance prediction mode or an intra-screen color difference prediction mode value of the current block in the current block.
  • the luminance prediction mode or the color difference prediction mode may be changed to a value in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may extract the restored luminance sample, the restored chrominance sample, the residual luminance sample, or the residual chrominance sample of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer.
  • the current block may be determined as a reconstructed luminance sample, a reconstructed color difference sample, a residual luminance sample, or a residual color difference sample of the neighboring block with respect to the current block, and may be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may restore a reconstructed luminance sample, a reconstructed color difference sample, a residual luminance sample, or a residual color difference sample of the current block in the current block.
  • the value may be changed into a restored luminance sample, a restored color difference sample, a residual luminance sample, or a residual color difference sample value of an adjacent sample and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may use the primary transform usage information, the secondary transform usage information, the primary transform index, Alternatively, the secondary transform index may be determined as information on whether to use primary transforms of neighboring blocks, information on whether to use secondary transforms, primary transform indexes, or secondary transform indexes in the current block. Can be used in inverse transform.
  • the encoding device or the decoding device may use information on the primary transform of the current block, information on the use of the secondary transform, and the primary transform index in the current block.
  • the secondary transform index value may be changed into the primary transform use information, the secondary transform use information, the primary transform index, or the secondary transform index value of the neighboring block, and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the quantization parameter or the remaining quantization parameter of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer from the neighboring block to the current block in the current block. Determined by the quantization parameter or the residual quantization parameter, it can be used in the quantization or inverse quantization of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the quantization parameter or residual quantization parameter value of the current block from the current block to the quantization parameter or residual of the neighboring block. You can change it to a quantization parameter value and store it in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the deblocking filter coefficient, the deblocking filter tap, or the deblocking filter strength of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer in the current block. Deblocking filter coefficients, deblocking filter taps, or deblocking filter strengths of neighboring blocks for the current block may be determined and used in the in-loop filter of the current block.
  • the deblocking filter coefficient, the deblocking filter tap, or the deblocking filter strength value of the current block in the current block may be deblocked filter coefficients of the neighboring block. You can change this to the blocking filter tab or deblocking filter strength value and store it in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may apply the adaptive sample offset of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer, the adaptive sample offset value, the adaptive sample offset category, Alternatively, the adaptive sample offset type may be determined as whether to apply the adaptive sample offset of the neighboring block to the current block in the current block, the adaptive sample offset value, the adaptive sample offset category, or the adaptive sample offset type. Available on filters in loops.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines whether to apply the adaptive sample offset of the current block in the current block, the adaptive sample offset value, the adaptive sample offset category.
  • the adaptive sample offset type value may be changed into an adaptive sample offset value of an adjacent block, an adaptive sample offset value, an adaptive sample offset category, or an adaptive sample offset type value, and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may apply the adaptive loop filter to the neighboring block stored in the line buffer, the adaptive loop filter coefficient, the adaptive loop filter tab, Adaptive loop filter shape / shape, or adaptive loop filter index, applies the adaptive loop filter of the neighboring block to the current block in the current block, adaptive loop filter coefficients, adaptive loop filter tab, adaptive loop filter shape / Determined by the shape or adaptive loop filter index, it can be used in the in-loop filter of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine whether the current block is applied to the adaptive loop filter, the adaptive loop filter coefficient, and the adaptive loop filter tab in the current block.
  • Adaptive loop filter shape / shape, or adaptive loop filter index value whether adaptive loop filter is applied to neighboring blocks, adaptive loop filter coefficient, adaptive loop filter tab, adaptive loop filter shape / shape, or adaptive You can change it to a loop filter index value and store it in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may add the motion vector or motion vector difference of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer to the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block.
  • the motion vector difference may be determined and used in the inter prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine at least one of neighboring blocks adjacent to the current block with respect to the motion vector or motion vector difference of the current block in the current block. Statistical values of motion vectors or motion vector differences can be calculated and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may set the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer for the current block in the current block.
  • the intra-block luminance prediction mode or the intra-chromatic color prediction mode of the neighboring block may be determined and used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may be configured to determine the neighboring area adjacent to the current block with respect to the intra-picture luminance prediction mode or the intra-screen color difference prediction mode of the current block.
  • a statistical value of at least one intra-picture luminance prediction mode or intra-screen color difference prediction modes of the block may be calculated and stored in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may extract the restored luminance sample, the restored chrominance sample, the residual luminance sample, or the residual chrominance sample of the neighboring block stored in the line buffer.
  • the current block may be determined as a reconstructed luminance sample, a reconstructed color difference sample, a residual luminance sample, or a residual color difference sample of the neighboring block with respect to the current block, and may be used in the intra prediction of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform the restored luminance samples, the restored chrominance samples, the residual luminance samples, or the residual chrominance samples of the current block in the current block.
  • Statistical values of at least one of the reconstructed luminance samples, the reconstructed color difference samples, the residual luminance samples, or the residual color difference samples of the neighboring samples adjacent to the current sample may be calculated and stored in the line buffer.
  • the statistical value may be any one of an intermediate value, a minimum value, a maximum value, an average value, a weighted average value, and a mode value.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the motion vector of the luminance block stored in the memory as the motion vector of the luminance block with respect to the chrominance block in the current block, and use the same in the inter prediction of the chrominance block. Also, the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may calculate a statistical value of at least one motion vector of the luminance blocks adjacent to the current block with respect to the motion vector of the luminance block in the current block, and store the same in a memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode of the luminance block stored in the memory as the intra prediction mode of the luminance block for the chrominance block in the current block, and use the intra prediction mode of the luminance block in the intra prediction of the chrominance block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may calculate a statistical value of at least one intra prediction mode among the luminance blocks adjacent to the current block with respect to the intra prediction mode of the luminance block in the current block and store the statistical value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode of the chrominance block stored in the memory as the intra prediction mode of the chrominance block for the luminance block in the current block, and use the intra prediction mode for the intra prediction of the luminance block. .
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may calculate a statistical value of at least one intra prediction mode among the chrominance blocks adjacent to the current block with respect to the intra prediction mode of the chrominance block in the current block, and store the statistical value in the memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the intra prediction mode of the first color difference block stored in the memory as the intra prediction mode of the first color difference block with respect to the second color difference block in the current block. Can be used in on-screen predictions.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may calculate statistical values of at least one intra prediction modes of the first chrominance blocks adjacent to the current block with respect to the intra prediction modes of the first chrominance block in the current block, and store them in a memory. have.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the intra prediction mode of the second chrominance block stored in the memory as the intra prediction mode of the second chrominance block with respect to the first chrominance block in the current block. Can be used in on-screen predictions.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus for the intra prediction mode of the second chrominance block in the current block, calculates statistical values of at least one intra prediction modes of the second chrominance block adjacent to the current block, and stores the statistical value in the memory. Can be.
  • the reconstructed luminance sample or the residual luminance sample of the luminance block stored in the memory may be determined as the reconstructed luminance sample or the residual luminance sample of the luminance block for the chrominance block in the current block, and used in the intra prediction of the chrominance block. Can be. Also, the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus calculates statistical values of at least one of the reconstructed luminance samples or the residual luminance samples of the neighboring samples adjacent to the current sample with respect to the reconstructed luminance samples or the residual luminance samples of the luminance block in the current block. Can be stored in memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the reconstructed color difference sample or the residual color difference sample of the color difference block stored in the memory as the reconstructed color difference sample or the residual color difference sample of the color difference block with respect to the luminance block in the current block, Can be used in on-screen predictions.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may calculate statistical values of at least one of the reconstructed color difference samples or the residual color difference samples among the neighboring samples adjacent to the current sample with respect to the reconstructed color difference samples or the residual color difference samples of the chrominance block in the current block. Can be stored in memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may restore the restored first color difference sample or the remaining first color difference sample of the first color difference block stored in the memory to the first color difference block of the first color difference block with respect to the second color difference block in the current block.
  • the sample may be determined as a sample or a residual first color difference sample, and used in the intra prediction of the second color difference block. Calculating a statistical value and a reconstructed first chrominance sample or a residual first chrominance sample of at least one of neighboring samples adjacent to the current sample with respect to the reconstructed first chrominance sample or residual first chrominance sample of the first chrominance block in the current block You can store it in memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may restore the restored second color difference sample or the second residual color difference sample of the second color difference block stored in the memory to the second color difference block of the second color difference block with respect to the first color difference block in the current block.
  • the sample may be determined as a sample or a residual second color difference sample, and may be used in the intra prediction of the first color difference block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may include at least one of a reconstructed second chrominance sample or a residual second of at least one of a reconstructed second chrominance sample or a residual second chrominance sample of the second chrominance block in the current block. Color difference samples and statistics can be calculated and stored in memory.
  • the statistical value may be any one of an intermediate value, a minimum value, a maximum value, an average value, a weighted average value, and a mode value.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine at least one of the information of the neighboring blocks stored in the line buffer / memory as at least one of the information of the neighboring block for the current block and use the encoding block in the encoding / decoding process of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may store at least one odd value of information of the current block in the line buffer / memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform an AND operation with binary 1 on at least one piece of information of the current block, and store the calculated value in the line buffer / memory. That is, an AND operation of a LSB (least significant bit) value and binary 1 for at least one of the information of the current block may be performed.
  • storing by performing an AND operation by an encoding apparatus or a decoding apparatus may mean storing at least one odd value of information of a current block in a line buffer / memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may store at least one even value of information of the current block in the current block in the line buffer / memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may perform an AND operation with binary 0 on at least one of information of the current block in the current block, and store the calculated value in the line buffer / memory. That is, the AND operation of the LSB value and the binary 0 for at least one of the information of the current block may be performed.
  • storing by performing an AND operation by an encoding apparatus or a decoding apparatus may mean storing at least one even value of information of a current block in a line buffer / memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert at least one value of the information of the current block from the current block and store it in the line buffer / memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the motion vector value of the current block into a floating point representation and store it in the line buffer / memory.
  • the value converted to the floating point representation is converted back to a motion vector value and used for inter prediction of neighboring blocks.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert a motion vector value expressed in N bits into a floating point representation of M bits.
  • the M bit may be composed of R mantissa bits and P exponent portion bits.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may convert the motion vector value of the block in the current block into floating point, and store the converted value in the line buffer / memory.
  • N, M, R, and P may be positive integers, and may be 18, 10, 6, or 4, respectively.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may store the representative value of the specific range of the information of the block in the line buffer / memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding device may determine the value of the prediction mode in the luminance picture of the current block. Can be determined as a value representing the vertical mode and stored in the line buffer / memory.
  • V and U may be positive integers.
  • the prediction mode value in the luminance screen of the current block is 23, V and U are 4, and a value representing the vertical mode is 26, 23 is included in the range of 22 to 30, so that the encoding device or the decoding device May determine a prediction mode value in the luminance screen of the current block as 26 and store it in the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus determines the minimum or maximum value of the specific range as the information of the current block, and this is a line buffer. Can be stored in memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may adjust the scaled motion vector value of the current block in the minimum value or the maximum in the predetermined range. Can be determined by value.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the scaled motion vector value of the current block as the minimum value of the predetermined range.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the scaled motion vector value of the current block as the maximum value of the predetermined range.
  • the predetermined range may be -2 ⁇ N to 2 ⁇ N-1.
  • N may be a positive integer, for example 17.
  • -2 ⁇ N may have a value of -131072
  • 2 ⁇ N-1 may have a value of 131071.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus inversely performs a motion vector of at least one motion vector among blocks belonging to a reference image, a slice, a tile, or a tile group in the current block, thereby moving the neighboring block with respect to the current block in the current block.
  • Determined as a vector it can be used in the encoding / decoding process of the current block.
  • the operation may be performed on the motion vector of the current block and stored in the line buffer / memory.
  • the inverse operation may be a left shift operation by a predetermined M value, and the operation may be a right shift operation by a predetermined N value.
  • the reference image, slice, tile, or tile group may be a corresponding location image, slice, tile, or tile group.
  • a motion vector on which the operation is performed may be stored in units of the reference image, slice, tile, or tile group.
  • the motion vector used in the encoding / decoding process of the current block may be referred to as a temporal motion vector.
  • a buffer / memory in which the temporal motion vector is stored may be referred to as a temporal motion vector buffer / memory.
  • the description has been mainly focused on the line buffer / memory. However, at least one of the above-described embodiments may be used when the motion vector is stored in the temporal motion vector buffer / memory.
  • the motion vector before performing correction on the motion vector may be stored in the line buffer / memory.
  • the motion vector may be referred to as a motion vector before correction. That is, the motion vector determined from the motion vector candidate list, the merge candidate list, and the sub-block unit merge candidate list may be stored before the motion compensation process of the current block.
  • the correction may mean that the motion vector value may be changed by a predetermined rule in the encoder / decoder or before the motion compensation process.
  • the motion vector after correcting the motion vector may be stored in the temporal motion vector buffer / memory.
  • the motion vector may be referred to as a motion vector after correction. That is, the corrected motion vector may be stored in the motion compensation process or before the motion compensation process of the current block.
  • a block vector of the current block is added to the motion vector.
  • At least one of the embodiments may be applied. That is, the embodiment in which the motion vector is replaced with the block vector in the above-described embodiment may be applied when the mode of the block is an intra-block copy mode.
  • the operation and the inverse operation on the motion vector may mean that the operation is performed on at least one of the x component and the y component of the motion vector.
  • the first color difference may be Cb or Cr
  • the second color difference may be Cr or Cb.
  • the left shift operation may mean an upsampling or dequantization process for a specific value
  • the right shift operation is a downsampling or subsampling for a specific value. It may mean a process of subsampling or quantization.
  • the sample may mean at least one of a restored luminance sample, a restored color difference sample, a residual luminance sample, a residual color difference sample, a luminance conversion coefficient, a color difference conversion coefficient, a luminance quantization level, a color difference quantization level, and the like.
  • the memory may mean at least one of an on-chip memory in units of CTU, an on-chip memory in units of blocks, a line buffer, and an external memory.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine that the intra prediction mode of the current block is a DC mode, a PLANAR mode, or the like.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied only to the directional modes such as the diagonal mode, the vertical mode, and the horizontal mode, not the directional mode.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may have the intra prediction mode of the current block in the DC mode, the PLANAR mode, or the vertical mode.
  • the above-described embodiment can be applied only to the directional mode such as the diagonal mode and not the mode such as the horizontal mode.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may scale the motion vector with respect to a specific reference image and perform the above-described operation and store the motion vector in the line buffer / memory.
  • the specific reference picture may be an image indicated by a reference picture index indicating a preset and fixed value in the encoding device or the decoding device.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the image indicated by the reference image index 0 as the specific reference image.
  • the neighboring block may be at least one of a spatial neighboring block and a temporal neighboring block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may include information about at least one of Q, R, and K representing a size in which at least one of the information of the block is stored in the line buffer. ), Sequence parameter set, picture parameter set, adaptation parameter set, slice header, tile header, tile group header ), CTU, and the block may be entropy encoding / decoding at least one level.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may determine the size in which at least one of the information of the block is stored in the line buffer based on the information.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus is configured to display information on at least one of M and N values representing a shift value when storing at least one of information of a block in a line buffer or loading from a line buffer.
  • Video parameter set, sequence parameter set, picture parameter set, adaptation parameter set, slice header, tile header, tile Entropy encoding / decoding may be performed at at least one level among a tile group header, a CTU, and a block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may store at least one of the information of the block in the line buffer or load from the line buffer based on the information. That is, the information herein may be information required when performing the above operation and inverse operation.
  • the stored motion vector may be used in intra prediction, inter prediction, transform, inverse transform, quantization, inverse quantization, entropy encoding / decoding, and in-loop filter.
  • the stored motion vector may be used as a spatial motion vector or a temporal motion vector.
  • the stored sample may be used in intra prediction, inter prediction, transform, inverse transform, quantization, inverse quantization.
  • the intra prediction modes stored in the above embodiments may be used in intra prediction, inter prediction, transform, inverse transform, quantization, inverse quantization, entropy encoding / decoding, and in loop filter.
  • the line buffer or memory size may be reduced when the bit depth is reduced.
  • the number of information of the blocks to be stored may be reduced to reduce the size of the line buffer.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus when the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus stores the information of the current block and the statistical value of the information of the neighboring block or the information of the neighboring sample and stores it in the line buffer, Only representative values are stored in the line buffer or memory to reduce the line buffer or memory size.
  • the information of the block and the information of the block in the unit of the subblock may have different values.
  • an MxN sized subblock may be divided into L pieces having a size smaller than that of a JxK sized block.
  • a 16 ⁇ 16 block may be divided into 16 4 ⁇ 4 subblocks.
  • a 16 ⁇ 8 block may be divided into eight 4 ⁇ 4 subblocks.
  • an 8x8 block may be divided into four 4x4 subblocks.
  • a 32x32 block may be divided into four 8x8 subblocks.
  • a 32x8 block may be divided into four 8x8 subblocks.
  • M, N, J, K, and L may be positive integers.
  • M may be greater than or equal to J, and N may be greater than or equal to K.
  • M, N, J, K, L may be a value preset in the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus, or may be a value signaled from the encoding apparatus to the decoding apparatus.
  • subblock division herein may include at least one of quadtree division, binary tree division, horizontal binary tree division, vertical binary tree division, symmetric binary tree division, and asymmetric binary tree division.
  • At least one of the information of the block for the entire block is stored, at least one of the information of the stored block is a subblock unit derived after the block is divided into sub-blocks. It may be replaced with at least one of the information of the block of.
  • the information of the block in the sub-block unit may be at least one of motion information such as a motion vector, a reference picture index, and an inter prediction prediction indicator.
  • At least one of information of blocks of a subblock unit derived after being divided into subblocks may mean at least one of information of a subblock unit block.
  • the above process may be performed on at least one of subblocks of a specific position in a block or all subblocks in the block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus stores subblocks derived after dividing the corresponding block into sub-blocks instead of storing at least one of information of blocks of the entire block. At least one of the information of the block may be stored.
  • the subblock including the block information in units of subblocks to be stored may be indicated according to information signaled from the encoding apparatus or a predefined index between the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus.
  • the above process may be performed on at least one of subblocks of a specific position in a block or all subblocks in the block.
  • the block information used for allocating the block information in units of subblocks may include at least one of motion information such as a motion vector, a reference image index, and an inter prediction prediction indicator in units of subblocks using an affine model. It may be a seed vector or a control point vector used to derive one.
  • the above process may be performed on at least one of subblocks of a specific position in a block or all subblocks in the block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus divides the corresponding block into sub-blocks instead of storing at least one of the information of the blocks for the entire block, thereby subtracting the block in units of sub-blocks. At least one of information of a block used for allocating information may be stored.
  • the above-described processes may be performed on at least one of subblocks of a specific position in a block or all subblocks in the block.
  • the information of the block in the sub-block unit derived after being divided into the sub-block form may be information derived using the information of the block used to allocate the information of the block in the sub-block unit.
  • the seed vector or the control position vector may be stored in a subblock unit and then replaced with at least one of information of the subblock unit block.
  • the above process may be performed on at least one of subblocks of a specific position in a block or all subblocks in the block.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may store at least one of information of the sub-block unit block instead of storing the seed vector or the control position vector.
  • the above process may be performed on at least one of subblocks of a specific position in a block or all subblocks in the block.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied depending on at least one or more sizes of coding blocks, prediction blocks, blocks, units, tiles, and tile groups.
  • the size here may be defined as a minimum size and / or a maximum size to which the above-described embodiments are applied, or may be defined as a fixed size to which the above-described embodiments are applied.
  • the first embodiment may be applied at the first size
  • the second embodiment may be applied at the second size. That is, the above-described embodiments may be determined to be complexly applied according to the size.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the minimum size or more and the maximum size or less. That is, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the block size is included in a certain range.
  • N and M are positive integers and N can be a number less than M. In more detail, N and M may have one of 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128, but is not limited thereto.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 8x8 or more. In addition, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 16x16 or more. In addition, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 32x32 or more. In addition, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 64x64. In addition, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 128x128 or more. In addition, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 4x4.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 8x8 or less. In addition, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 16x16 or less. In addition, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 8x8 or more and 16x16 or less. For example, the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the size of the current block is 16x16 or more and 64x64 or less.
  • the above-described embodiments may be determined according to a temporal layer.
  • a separate identifier is signaled to identify the temporal layer to which the above-described embodiments are applicable, and a temporal layer specified by the identifier. Only the above-described embodiments may be applied.
  • the identifier here may be defined as indicating a minimum layer and / or a maximum layer to which the above-described embodiment is applicable, or may be defined as indicating a specific layer to which the above-described embodiment is applied.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the temporal layer of the current image is the lowest layer.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the temporal layer identifier of the current image is zero.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the temporal layer identifier of the current image is one or more.
  • the above-described embodiments may be applied only when the temporal layer of the current image is the highest layer.
  • the reference picture set is at least one of L0, L1, L2, and L3.
  • the reference picture list may be used.
  • the encoding apparatus or the decoding apparatus may use the motion vector stored in the line buffer or the memory.
  • the motion vectors are 16-pel units, 8-pel units, 4-pixel units, integer-pel units, 1 / 2-pixel units / 2-pel), 1 / 4-pel (1 / 4-pel) units, 1 / 8-pixel (1 / 8-pel) units, 1 / 16-pixel (1 / 16-pel) units, 1
  • the above-described embodiments of the present invention may also be applied when the device has at least one or more of a / 32-pixel unit and a 1 / 64-pixel unit.
  • the motion vector may be selectively used in pixel units.
  • the slice type, tile type, and tile group type to which the above embodiments are applied are defined, and according to the slice type, tile type, and tile group type, Application may be determined.
  • Whether to apply the above-described embodiments may be determined depending on whether the shape of the block is square or non-square.
  • An image may be encoded / decoded using at least one or at least one combination of the above embodiments.
  • the order of applying the embodiment may be different in the encoder and the decoder, and the order of applying the embodiment may be the same in the encoder and the decoder.
  • the above embodiment may be performed with respect to each of the luminance and chrominance signals, and the same embodiment may be performed with respect to the luminance and the chrominance signals.
  • the shape of the block to which the embodiments of the present invention are applied may have a square shape or a non-square shape.
  • the methods are described based on a flowchart as a series of steps or units, but the present invention is not limited to the order of steps, and certain steps may occur in a different order or simultaneously from other steps as described above. Can be. Also, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that the steps shown in the flowcharts are not exclusive, that other steps may be included, or that one or more steps in the flowcharts may be deleted without affecting the scope of the present invention. I can understand.
  • Embodiments according to the present invention described above may be implemented in the form of program instructions that may be executed by various computer components, and may be recorded in a computer-readable recording medium.
  • the computer-readable recording medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination.
  • Program instructions recorded on the computer-readable recording medium may be those specially designed and configured for the present invention, or may be known and available to those skilled in the computer software arts.
  • Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape, optical recording media such as CD-ROMs, DVDs, and magneto-optical media such as floptical disks. media), and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like.
  • Examples of program instructions include not only machine code generated by a compiler, but also high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like.
  • the hardware device may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the process according to the invention, and vice versa.
  • the present invention can be used to encode / decode an image.
PCT/KR2019/003324 2018-03-21 2019-03-21 영상 부호화/복호화 방법, 장치 및 비트스트림을 저장한 기록 매체 WO2019182385A1 (ko)

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CN202311054682.XA CN116866563A (zh) 2018-03-21 2019-03-21 图像编码/解码方法、存储介质以及图像数据的传输方法
CN201980030794.7A CN112088533A (zh) 2018-03-21 2019-03-21 图像编码/解码方法和装置以及存储比特流的记录介质
US16/982,972 US11516496B2 (en) 2018-03-21 2019-03-21 Image encoding/decoding method and apparatus, and recording medium storing bitstream
CN202311056216.5A CN116866565A (zh) 2018-03-21 2019-03-21 图像编码/解码方法、存储介质以及图像数据的传输方法
US17/972,913 US20230041717A1 (en) 2018-03-21 2022-10-25 Image encoding/decoding method and device, and recording medium in which bitstream is stored
US18/213,075 US20230336766A1 (en) 2018-03-21 2023-06-22 Image encoding/decoding method and device, and recording medium in which bitstream is stored
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