WO2019182333A1 - 항-vegfr-2 항체 - Google Patents
항-vegfr-2 항체 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019182333A1 WO2019182333A1 PCT/KR2019/003198 KR2019003198W WO2019182333A1 WO 2019182333 A1 WO2019182333 A1 WO 2019182333A1 KR 2019003198 W KR2019003198 W KR 2019003198W WO 2019182333 A1 WO2019182333 A1 WO 2019182333A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antibody
- vegfr
- seq
- pharmaceutical composition
- edema
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2863—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against receptors for growth factors, growth regulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/57—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone
- A61K31/573—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone substituted in position 21, e.g. cortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone or aldosterone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
- A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
- A61K39/39541—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals against normal tissues, cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/10—Antioedematous agents; Diuretics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/505—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/545—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
- C07K2317/21—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin from primates, e.g. man
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
- C07K2317/565—Complementarity determining region [CDR]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an anti-VEGFR-2 antibody.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can treat, prevent or ameliorate brain edema.
- the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can reduce the dose and / or duration of steroids in patients receiving steroids to treat, prevent or ameliorate brain edema.
- the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can significantly prolong the survival of patients with brain edema or glioblastoma.
- Brain edema is one of the symptoms associated with brain tumors, glioblastoma, and the like.
- Vascular edema is a vascular edema in which the blood brain barrier collapses and fluid accumulates in the extracellular space.
- cases of brain edema are reported due to traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, stroke, ischemic stroke, encephalitis, meningitis, brain infection caused by virus or bacteria.
- Brain edema causes a variety of neurological symptoms, such as dizziness and headache, and further increases brain pressure, leading to death.
- swelling often occurs when lymph node removal is performed to prevent cancer metastasis in cancer patients, which results in a significant decrease in the quality of life of cancer patients.
- Drugs mainly used to alleviate or reduce such brain edema include osmotic agents, diuretics, glycerol, steroids and the like.
- mannitol A representative example of the osmotic agent is mannitol.
- long-term administration of mannitol may result in electrolyte abnormalities, increased serum osmolarity, and cause cardiopulmonary failure, kidney failure and various nervous system problems.
- the glycerol has been reported to improve cerebral blood flow and reduce edema in cerebral infarct animal models.
- glycerol is rapidly injected into a subject, there is a problem that hemolysis, hemochromatosis, renal insufficiency and the like are caused.
- corticosteroids can inhibit the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, thereby reducing the permeability of tumor blood vessels and thus inhibiting edema. Accordingly, corticosteroids are mainly used as steroids for inhibiting angioedema.
- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
- the corticosteroids include dexamethasone, cortisol, prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, triamcinolone, corticosterone, desonide, and the like.
- dexamethasone is frequently used in terms of better effect and longer half-life than other corticosteroids.
- dexamethasone has a problem in that doses are dependent on various side effects such as loss of muscle mass, increased risk of fracture, diabetes and hypertension, and weakened immune function when administered at high doses or for a long time.
- the present inventors have made intensive efforts to solve the problems of the prior art, and as a result, the antibody according to the present invention can significantly treat or improve brain edema, and the administration of steroids administered for the treatment, prevention or improvement of brain edema.
- the present invention has been accomplished by confirming that the amount and / or administration period can be significantly reduced.
- one aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an anti-VEGFR-2 antibody as an active ingredient.
- antibody refers to an immunoglobulin molecule that is immunologically reactive with a particular antigen or a protein molecule that serves as a receptor that specifically recognizes an antigen.
- antibody is used herein in a broad sense and refers to polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, whole antibodies (antibodies consisting of at least two heavy and two light chains interconnected by disulfide bonds) and antibody fragments. It is interpreted to include all of them.
- full length antibodies include IgA, IgD, IgE, IgM and IgG.
- the IgG may also include IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 as subtypes.
- antibody fragment refers to an antigen-binding fragment or analog of an antibody that retains at least some of the binding specificity of the parent antibody and comprises a portion (eg, one or more CDRs) or variable regions of the antigen binding region of the parent antibody. it means.
- the antibody fragment is for example a multispecific antibody formed from Fab, Fab ', F (ab') 2, Fv fragment, scFv, unibody, diabody, linear antibody, nanobody, domain antibody or antibody fragment Can be.
- VEGFR refers to a receptor of vascular endothelial growth factor, which includes VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and / or VEGFR-3.
- the biological function of VEGF, which enhances the growth activity of vascular endothelial cells, is mediated through VEGF receptors having high affinity for VEGF, which is selectively expressed in endothelial cells during tumor formation.
- human antibody refers to an antibody in which the framework and CDR regions have variable regions derived from human immunoglobulin sequences, also referred to as “fully human antibodies”.
- Human antibodies in the present invention may comprise amino acid residues that are not encoded by human derived immunoglobulin sequences (e.g., mutations introduced by in vitro random or site-specific mutagenesis or by in vivo somatic mutations). have.
- the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody comprises a light chain variable region comprising a light chain CDR1 of SEQ ID NO: 1, a light chain CDR2 of SEQ ID NO: 2, and a light chain CDR3 of SEQ ID NO: 3 and a heavy chain of SEQ ID NO: 4 It may be an antibody comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising CDR1, heavy chain CDR2 of SEQ ID NO: 5, and heavy chain CDR3 of SEQ ID NO: 6.
- the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody may be preferably an antibody comprising a light chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 7 and a heavy chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 8.
- the anti-VEGFR antibody is more preferably a TTAC-0001 antibody, or may be an antibody that specifically binds to the same epitope as the epitope to which the TTAC-0001 antibody binds.
- the TTAC-0001 antibody is described in Applicant's International Application WO 2008/153237, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, etc., also referred to as Tanivirumab or TANIBIRUMAB.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is used to treat, prevent or ameliorate brain edema.
- the brain edema may be due to one or more factors such as brain tumor, glioblastoma, traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, stroke, ischemic stroke, encephalitis, meningitis, brain infection by virus or bacteria, and the like.
- the brain edema may be a peritumoral edema.
- treatment means any action in which the symptoms of cerebral edema are improved or cured or the size of the brain edema is reduced by administration of the composition according to the invention.
- prevention means any action in which brain edema is inhibited or delayed by administration of a composition according to the invention.
- the term “improvement” refers to any action in which the size or extent of brain edema is reduced, improved or delayed by administration of a composition according to the present invention.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may contain the above anti-VEGFR antibody alone or may further contain one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may further include, for example, a carrier for oral administration or a carrier for parenteral administration.
- Carriers for oral administration may include lactose, starch, cellulose derivatives, magnesium stearate, stearic acid and the like.
- carriers for parenteral administration may include water, suitable oils, saline, aqueous glucose and glycols, and the like, and may further include stabilizers and preservatives. Suitable stabilizers include antioxidants such as sodium hydrogen sulfite, sodium sulfite or ascorbic acid.
- Suitable preservatives include benzalkonium chloride, methyl- or propyl-paraben and chlorobutanol.
- Other pharmaceutically acceptable carriers may be referred to those described in the following documents (Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19th ed., Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA, 1995).
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered to any mammal, including humans, by any method.
- it can be administered orally or parenterally.
- Parenteral administration methods include, but are not limited to, intravenous, intramuscular, intraarterial, intramedullary, intradural, intracardiac, transdermal, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intranasal, intestinal, topical, sublingual or rectal administration.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be prepared in an injectable formulation and administered by lightly pricking the skin with a 30 gauge thin injection needle, or by directly applying it to the skin.
- composition of the present invention may be formulated into a preparation for oral or parenteral administration according to the route of administration as described above.
- compositions of the present invention may be formulated using methods known in the art as powders, granules, tablets, pills, dragees, capsules, solutions, gels, syrups, slurries, suspensions and the like.
- oral formulations can be obtained by tablets or dragees by combining the active ingredients with solid excipients, milling them, adding suitable auxiliaries and then processing them into granule mixtures.
- excipients examples include sugars including lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol and maltitol and starch, cellulose, including starch, corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch and potato starch, etc. Fillers such as cellulose, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the like, including methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose, and the like. In addition, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, agar, alginic acid or sodium alginate and the like may optionally be added as a disintegrant. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further include an anticoagulant, a lubricant, a humectant, a perfume, an emulsifier, a preservative, and the like.
- Formulations for parenteral administration may be formulated by methods known in the art in the form of injections, creams, lotions, external ointments, oils, humectants, gels, aerosols and nasal inhalants. These formulations are described in Remington's Pharmaceutical Science, 15th Edition, 1975. Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pennsylvania 18042, Chapter 87: Blaug, Seymour, a prescription generally known in all pharmaceutical chemistries.
- the total effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be administered to a patient in a single dose, and may be administered by a fractionated treatment protocol that is administered in multiple doses for a long time.
- the total dose of the composition of the present invention may be about 0.01 ⁇ g to 1,000 mg, most preferably 0.1 ⁇ g to 100 mg per kg of patient body weight per day.
- the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention considers the effective dosage for the patient in consideration of various factors such as the age, weight, health condition, sex, severity of the disease, diet and excretion rate as well as the route of administration and the number of treatments. Thus, one of ordinary skill in the art will be able to determine the appropriate effective dosage.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited to its formulation, route of administration and method of administration as long as the effect of the present invention is shown.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may vary the amount of the active ingredient, that is, the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody according to the present invention, depending on the symptoms of brain edema.
- the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody according to the present invention may be contained and formulated in a composition according to the present invention in an amount ranging from about 8 mg to 24 mg per kg of patient weight once weekly.
- Anti-VEGFR-2 antibodies according to the present invention in an amount of 8 mg or 12 mg per kg body weight of the patient once a week have been demonstrated in the examples described below that can significantly reduce the edema size of a subject administered, edema It is possible to administer an anti-VEGFR-2 antibody according to the invention in an amount of 24 mg per kg body weight of the patient once a week to increase the size reduction effect.
- compositions of the present invention may be administered as individual therapeutic agents or in combination with other therapeutic agents.
- compositions of the present invention and other therapeutic agents may be administered simultaneously, separately or sequentially.
- the other therapeutic agent may be a material that is already known to have a treatment or improvement effect of brain edema, for example, may be an osmotic agent, diuretic, glycerol, steroids and the like, but is not limited thereto.
- the corticosteroid is preferably a corticosteroid, which may include dexamethasone, cortisol, prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, triamcinolone, corticosterone, desonide, and the like.
- the other therapeutic agents include all anti-cancer therapies other than drug therapy such as radiation therapy.
- composition of the present invention When the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is administered in combination with other therapeutic agents, other therapeutic agents such as anti-VEGFR-2 antibodies and steroids contained in the composition of the present invention may be formulated separately in separate containers or together in the same container. Can be formulated.
- Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating or preventing brain edema comprising administering an anti-VEGFR-2 antibody to a subject.
- each term has the same meaning as described in the pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing brain edema, unless otherwise specified.
- the term “individual” includes any human or non-human animal.
- the term “non-human animal” may be a vertebrate, such as non-human primates, sheep, dogs, and rodents such as mice, rats, and guinea pigs.
- the subject may preferably be a human.
- the term “individual” is used interchangeably with “subject” and “patient” herein.
- the treatment of brain edema is, for example, to inhibit the growth or expansion of brain edema more than untreated individuals, to maintain the size of brain edema, to reduce the size of brain edema, or to treat brain edema. It can be extinction.
- the size of the brain edema before treatment is about 10% or more, about 20% or more, about 30% or more, about 40% or more, about 50% or more, about 60% or more, about 70% or more, about 80 It means that it can be reduced by more than 90% or more.
- the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody may be administered to the subject simultaneously, sequentially or separately with other therapeutic agents such as steroids.
- “Concurrent” administration means that the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody and the other therapeutic agent are administered at the same time through the same infusion method.
- the “sequential” administration means administration of anti-VEGFR-2 antibody and other therapeutic agents using separate infusion methods, but relatively continuous administration, which allows for the minimum amount of time possible for the time interval between administrations. .
- Such "individual” administration means administration of anti-VEGFR-2 antibodies and other therapeutic agents at regular time intervals.
- the method of administering the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody and other therapeutic agents can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art in consideration of the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of the patient.
- Another aspect of the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for reducing one or more of the dosage and duration of steroid in a patient receiving a steroid to treat, prevent or ameliorate brain edema.
- the pharmaceutical composition includes an anti-VEGFR-2 antibody as an active ingredient.
- each term has the same meaning as described in the pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of brain edema unless otherwise specified.
- the dosage of the steroid may be used to prevent the occurrence of cerebral edema in a patient who has cerebral edema in an amount administered to treat or ameliorate the brain edema, or in a subject at risk of or suspected of having brain edema. Means the amount to be administered.
- the dosage of the steroid may be a single dose or multiple doses and may vary depending on the symptoms of brain edema.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can significantly reduce or minimize the dose of the steroid.
- the period of administration of the steroids is for the entire period of time when a patient with brain edema is administered to treat or ameliorate brain edema, or a subject at risk of or suspected of having brain edema prevents the occurrence of brain edema. It means the whole period of time to be administered to.
- the administration period of the steroid may vary depending on the symptoms of brain edema.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can significantly reduce or minimize the administration period of the steroid.
- the composition may obtain the effect of treating, preventing or improving the desired brain edema even if the route of administration of the steroid is changed from intravenous administration to oral administration. This is very advantageous because it can increase the patient's convenience and compliance with the steroid.
- Another aspect of the invention includes administering an anti-VEGFR-2 antibody to a subject receiving a steroid agent to treat, prevent or ameliorate brain edema, at least one of the dosage and duration of administration of the steroid agent It provides a method to reduce.
- the method may change the route of administration of the steroid agent from intravenous administration to oral administration.
- a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing the brain edema a method for treating or preventing the brain edema, and a pharmaceutical composition for reducing one or more of the dose and duration of administration of the steroid agent It has the same meaning as described in.
- Anti-VEGFR-2 antibodies according to the invention can treat, prevent or ameliorate brain edema. More specifically, brain edema may inhibit expansion, swelling or growth, maintain the size of the brain edema, or significantly reduce the size of the brain edema, or eliminate brain edema. In addition, the antibody according to the present invention has an effect of improving the midline shift of the brain caused by brain edema.
- Anti-VEGFR- even if a patient receiving a drug such as a conventional steroid to treat or ameliorate brain edema no longer receives or reduces the dose 2 antibodies can have the effect of significantly reducing brain edema.
- various side effects such as high doses or long-term administration of drugs such as steroids, such as loss of muscle mass, increased risk of fracture, diabetes and hypertension, and weakened body immune function It can be minimized or avoided.
- the antibody according to the present invention when administered to a patient with brain edema, especially a patient with recurrent glioblastoma, the overall survival can be significantly extended.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are MRI images of the brain of Example 3 patients. Specifically, Figure 1a is a picture taken when only the steroid is administered, Figure 1b is a picture taken after reducing the dose of the steroid to 50% or less while administering the antibody according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are MRI images of the brains of patients in Example 7. Specifically, Figure 2a is a photograph taken before administering the antibody according to the invention, Figure 2b is a photograph taken after administering the antibody according to the present invention.
- the TTAC-0001 antibody including the light chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 7 and the heavy chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 8 was used as an anti-VEGFR-2 antibody.
- the dosage and interval of administration of the TTAC-0001 antibody are shown in Table 2, respectively.
- Example 12 12mg / kg 1 injection
- Symptoms such as fatigue, mild headache, and the like were observed in some patients during the administration of the TTAC-0001 antibody to the patients of Examples 1 to 12, but these were not considered serious side effects according to the clinician's findings. In addition, no side effects resulting from the administration of TTAC-0001 antibody, such as a sharp decrease in body weight, were observed. This shows that the antibodies according to the invention can be used safely without being toxic to the human body.
- MRI imaging was performed every 8 weeks to obtain MRI images.
- the longest and shortest diameters were measured for brain edema and tumor in MRI images, and brain edema and tumor volume were calculated.
- the resulting quantitative data are summarized in Table 3 together with the qualitative analysis.
- Patients of Examples 1 and 8 were observed to have increased brain edema size.
- the patient of Example 1 had a tumor size increase of approximately 44.2% from 267 cm 3 to 385 cm 3 on the second MRI compared to the first MRI.
- the patient of Example 8 had an increase in tumor size of about 137.1% from 735 cm 3 to 1743 cm 3 on the second MRI compared to the first MRI.
- the increase in the size of the brain edema in the patients of Examples 1 and 8 was accompanied by the increase in the size of the peritumoral edema according to the tumor progression according to the clinician's opinion. It was confirmed that.
- Example 7 it was observed that administration of the antibody according to the present invention improves the midline shift of the brain while reducing the size of the edema. This can be confirmed through a comparison of FIGS. 2A and 2B.
- Midline shifts are called median deviations, centerline shifts, and midline potentials, which are caused by high intracranial pressure (ICP), traumatic brain injury, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, brain tumors, hematomas, etc.
- the line across the line indicates the bias toward the intact area.
- Midline shifts are considered a poor prognosis, typically with distortion of the brain stem, which can lead to serious dysfunctions such as abnormal posturing or failure to respond to light pupillary. Because it is related. Normally, surgery is recommended immediately if the midline shift exceeds 5 mm. This midline shift of the brain can obtain a non-invasive significant improvement effect by the antibody according to the present invention.
- Example 3 dexamethasone 8 mg was administered intravenously as a steroid on March 29, 2016 in order to alleviate brain edema in patients with recurrent glioblastoma.
- a brain photograph taken by MRI on April 27, 2016 is shown in FIG. 1A, where the white part on the left side of FIG. 1A indicates brain edema.
- TTAC-0001 antibody was administered at a dose of 12 mg / kg over 2 cycles.
- the dose of dexamethasone was reduced to 4 mg and the route of administration was changed from intravenous to oral.
- FIG. 1B A brain photograph taken by MRI on June 29, 2016 is shown in FIG. 1B, where the white part on the left side of FIG. 1B indicates brain edema.
- Example 3 As a result, it was confirmed that the volume of cerebral edema of the patient of Example 3 was significantly reduced from 706.5 cm 3 to 415.6 cm 3 to an unpredictable level by a person skilled in the art. This shows that despite the administration of high doses of dexamethasone, which has been commonly used for the reduction of brain edema, the size of the brain edema that was not reduced was significantly reduced after administration of the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody of the present invention. .
- the dose of dexamethasone was reduced by 50% or more, while the oral administration was performed instead of intravenous administration to increase the patient's convenience.
- the desired brain edema size reduction effect was obtained. This can reduce side effects such as loss of muscle mass, increased risk of fractures, diabetes and hypertension, weakened body immune function, etc., when the antibody according to the invention is used in combination with steroids. It means that it can be avoided, and also that the patient's convenience can be improved by changing the administration route.
- Example 10 the patient increased the dose in the order of oral administration of dexamethasone 6 mg on August 5, 2016, and oral administration of dexamethasone 8 mg on August 17, 2016, and then administered the TTAC-0001 antibody.
- the oral dose of dexamethasone was reduced to 4 mg.
- the amount of dexamethasone administered to alleviate brain edema was reduced by administration of the antibody according to the present invention, the volume of brain edema in Example 10 was confirmed to decrease from 1102.2 cm 3 to 930.7 cm 3 . It became.
- the patient of Example 5 is expected to have a median overall survival (mOS) of 4.9 months
- the patient of Example 9 is expected to have a median overall survival (mOS) of 4.9 months
- the patient of Example 2 The median survival (mOS) is expected to be 10.4 months.
- Example 5 patients was 17.3 months
- the actual total survival of Example 9 patients was 12.9 months
- the actual total survival of Example 2 patients was 15.9 months.
- the antibody according to the present invention when administered to a patient with recurrent glioblastoma with brain edema, the overall survival time is judged to be very significant compared to the total survival time predicted based on the regression analysis.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
환자 성별 | 환자 연령 | 교모세포종 재발 횟수 | |
실시예 1 | 남성 | 47세 | 2회 |
실시예 2 | 남성 | 49세 | 1회 |
실시예 3 | 남성 | 41세 | 1회 |
실시예 4 | 남성 | 53세 | 2회 |
실시예 5 | 여성 | 50세 | 2회 |
실시예 6 | 여성 | 60세 | 1회 |
실시예 7 | 남성 | 48세 | 1회 |
실시예 8 | 남성 | 51세 | 1회 |
실시예 9 | 여성 | 50세 | 2회 |
실시예 10 | 여성 | 64세 | 2회 |
실시예 11 | 남성 | 68세 | 1회 |
실시예 12 | 남성 | 48세 | 1회 |
TTAC-0001 항체 투여량 | TTAC-0001 항체 투여간격 | |
실시예 1 | 8mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (3회 주사 + 1주 관찰 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 2 | 8mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (3회 주사 + 1주 관찰 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 3 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (3회 주사 + 1주 관찰 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 4 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (3회 주사 + 1주 관찰 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 5 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (4회 주사 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 6 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (4회 주사 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 7 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (4회 주사 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 8 | 8mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (3회 주사 + 1주 관찰 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 9 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (3회 주사 + 1주 관찰 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 10 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (4회 주사 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 11 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (4회 주사 = 1 사이클) |
실시예 12 | 12mg/kg | 매주 1회 주사 (4회 주사 = 1 사이클) |
MRI 촬영일 | 종양주변 부종의 최장 직경 (cm) | 종양주변 부종의 체적 (cm 3 ) | 분석 | |
실시예 1 | 2016.02.17 | 7.90 | 1529.8 | 부종의 크기가 증가함 |
2016.03.31 | 10.67 | 1797.4 | ||
실시예 2 | 2016.02.24 | 10.03 | 1355.6 | 2016.02.24일부터 2016.12.07일까지는 부종의 크기가 지속적으로 감소함 |
2016.04.27 | 8.22 | 859.0 | ||
2016.06.22 | 8.04 | 809.3 | ||
2016.08.18 | 8.71 | 901.9 | ||
2016.10.12 | 7.39 | 772.4 | ||
2016.12.07 | 6.71 | 666.0 | ||
2017.02.22 | 7.26 | 728.2 | ||
실시예 3 | 2016.04.27 | 9.18 | 706.5 | 부종의 크기가 감소함 |
2016.06.29 | 6.42 | 415.6 | ||
실시예 4 | 2016.07.13 | 11.20 | 1098.4 | 부종의 크기가 감소함 |
2016.09.08 | 9.85 | 1050.6 | ||
실시예 5 | 2016.08.18 | 9.13 | 1061.7 | 부종 크기의 유의적인 변화가 없음 |
2016.10.19 | 8.85 | 917.3 | ||
2016.12.15 | 9.20 | 1011.9 | ||
2017.02.08 | 9.15 | 1065.3 | ||
2017.04.05 | 9.07 | 1000.9 | ||
실시예 6 | 2016.09.15 | 7.73 | 840.1 | 부종 크기의 유의적인 변화가 없음 |
2016.11.16 | 7.11 | 846.2 | ||
실시예 7 | 2016.10.19 | 11.30 | 1291.8 | 부종 크기가 감소하면서 midline shift가 개선됨 |
2016.12.14 | 10.33 | 1221.0 | ||
실시예 8 | 2016.02.09 | 5.93 | 424.5 | 부종의 크기가 증가함 |
2016.03.31 | 8.31 | 650.7 | ||
실시예 9 | 2016.07.07 | 7.95 | 734.0 | 부종의 크기가 증가함 |
2016.09.01 | 8.10 | 812.5 | ||
2016.10.31 | 8.77 | 852.0 | ||
실시예 10 | 2016.08.12 | 7.52 | 1102.2 | 부종의 크기가 감소함 |
2016.10.06 | 6.21 | 930.7 | ||
실시예 11 | 2016.09.02 | 11.72 | 850.3 | 부종 크기의 유의적인 변화가 없음 |
2016.10.27 | 11.89 | 855.4 | ||
실시예 12 | 2016.09.08 | 8.46 | 948.9 | 부종 크기의 유의적인 변화가 없음 |
2016.11.03 | 8.93 | 906.3 |
Claims (15)
- VEGFR-2에 특이적으로 결합하여 VEGFR-2의 활성을 중화시키는 항-VEGFR-2 항체를 포함하는 약학 조성물로서,뇌 부종을 치료, 예방 또는 개선하기 위한 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 항-VEGFR-2 항체는 서열번호 1의 경쇄 CDR1, 서열번호 2의 경쇄 CDR2 및 서열번호 3의 경쇄 CDR3을 포함하는 경쇄가변영역; 및 서열번호 4의 중쇄 CDR1, 서열번호 5의 중쇄 CDR2 및 서열번호 6의 중쇄 CDR3을 포함하는 중쇄가변영역을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 항-VEGFR-2 항체는 서열번호 7의 경쇄가변영역 및 서열번호 8의 중쇄가변영역을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 항-VEGFR-2 항체는 TTAC-0001 항체이거나, 또는 TTAC-0001 항체가 결합하는 에피토프와 동일한 에피토프에 특이적으로 결합하는 항체인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 뇌 부종은 교모세포종 주변 부종인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,삼투압제제, 이뇨제, 글리세롤 및 스테로이드제로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 스테로이드제는 덱사메타손, 코르티솔, 프레드니손, 프레드니솔론, 메틸프레드니솔론, 트리암시놀론, 코르티코스테론 및 데소니드 중에서 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,뇌 부종을 가진 대상체의 생존기간을 연장시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 뇌 부종을 치료, 예방 또는 개선하기 위해 스테로이드제를 투여받는 대상체에게 있어서 스테로이드제의 투여량 및 투여기간 중 하나 이상을 감소시키기 위한 약학 조성물로서,상기 조성물은 VEGFR-2에 특이적으로 결합하여 VEGFR-2의 활성을 중화시키는 항-VEGFR-2 항체를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 항-VEGFR-2 항체는 서열번호 1의 경쇄 CDR1, 서열번호 2의 경쇄 CDR2 및 서열번호 3의 경쇄 CDR3을 포함하는 경쇄가변영역; 및 서열번호 4의 중쇄 CDR1, 서열번호 5의 중쇄 CDR2 및 서열번호 6의 중쇄 CDR3을 포함하는 중쇄가변영역을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 항-VEGFR-2 항체는 서열번호 7의 경쇄가변영역 및 서열번호 8의 중쇄가변영역을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 항-VEGFR-2 항체는 TTAC-0001 항체이거나, 또는 TTAC-0001 항체가 결합하는 에피토프와 동일한 에피토프에 특이적으로 결합하는 항체인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 대상체는 교모세포종을 갖고 있는 대상체인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 스테로이드제의 투여경로는 경구투여인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 대상체의 생존기간을 연장시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021500771A JP2021516702A (ja) | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | 抗−vegfr−2抗体 |
CA3094444A CA3094444C (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | Anti-vegfr-2 antibody |
EP19771175.7A EP3770172A4 (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | ANTI-VEGFR-2 ANTIBODIES |
CN201980029537.1A CN112055718A (zh) | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | 抗vegfr-2抗体 |
AU2019237774A AU2019237774B2 (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | Anti-VEGFR-2 antibody |
US16/982,310 US20210009695A1 (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | Anti-vegfr-2 antibody |
SG11202009267QA SG11202009267QA (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | Anti-vegfr-2 antibody |
JP2022107077A JP2022125157A (ja) | 2018-03-19 | 2022-07-01 | 抗-vegfr-2抗体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2018-0031677 | 2018-03-19 | ||
KR20180031677 | 2018-03-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2019182333A1 true WO2019182333A1 (ko) | 2019-09-26 |
Family
ID=67987955
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2019/003198 WO2019182333A1 (ko) | 2018-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | 항-vegfr-2 항체 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210009695A1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP3770172A4 (ko) |
JP (2) | JP2021516702A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR102644938B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN112055718A (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2019237774B2 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA3094444C (ko) |
SG (1) | SG11202009267QA (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2019182333A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2021516702A (ja) * | 2018-03-19 | 2021-07-08 | ファームアブシン・インコーポレイテッドPharmabcine Inc. | 抗−vegfr−2抗体 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20010080952A (ko) * | 1998-11-06 | 2001-08-25 | 스타르크, 카르크 | 혈관 투과성 항진을 억제하는 방법 |
US6524583B1 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2003-02-25 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Antibody methods for selectively inhibiting VEGF |
WO2008153237A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-18 | Korea Research Institute Of Bioscience And Biotechnology | Human monoclonal antibody neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and use thereof |
WO2010134666A1 (ko) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-25 | 주식회사 파멥신 | 신규한 형태의 이중표적항체 및 그 용도 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030206902A1 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2003-11-06 | Fang Liao | Ve-cadherin and vegfr-2 antagonists for therapeutic modulation of angiogenesis |
US20050106667A1 (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2005-05-19 | Genentech, Inc | Binding polypeptides with restricted diversity sequences |
MX2008001966A (es) * | 2005-08-12 | 2008-03-26 | Regeneron Pharma | Tratamiento de enfermedades mediante administracion subcutanea de un antagonista vegf. |
CN102093479B (zh) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-10-03 | 侯宗柳 | 抗人血管内皮生长因子受体2的重组嵌合抗体 |
JP6144771B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-21 | 2017-06-07 | ファームアブシン インコーポレイテッド | Vegfr−2とdll4を標的とする二重標的抗体及びこれを含む薬学的組成物 |
JP2017531434A (ja) * | 2014-10-07 | 2017-10-26 | カドモン コーポレイション,リミティド ライアビリティ カンパニー | ヒト 抗vegfr−2/kdr 抗体s |
CN106892980B (zh) * | 2017-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 长春金赛药业有限责任公司 | 抗vegfr2单克隆抗体及其应用 |
JP2021516702A (ja) * | 2018-03-19 | 2021-07-08 | ファームアブシン・インコーポレイテッドPharmabcine Inc. | 抗−vegfr−2抗体 |
-
2019
- 2019-03-19 JP JP2021500771A patent/JP2021516702A/ja active Pending
- 2019-03-19 WO PCT/KR2019/003198 patent/WO2019182333A1/ko unknown
- 2019-03-19 SG SG11202009267QA patent/SG11202009267QA/en unknown
- 2019-03-19 EP EP19771175.7A patent/EP3770172A4/en active Pending
- 2019-03-19 US US16/982,310 patent/US20210009695A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-03-19 AU AU2019237774A patent/AU2019237774B2/en active Active
- 2019-03-19 CN CN201980029537.1A patent/CN112055718A/zh active Pending
- 2019-03-19 CA CA3094444A patent/CA3094444C/en active Active
- 2019-03-19 KR KR1020190031246A patent/KR102644938B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2022
- 2022-07-01 JP JP2022107077A patent/JP2022125157A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20010080952A (ko) * | 1998-11-06 | 2001-08-25 | 스타르크, 카르크 | 혈관 투과성 항진을 억제하는 방법 |
US6524583B1 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2003-02-25 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Antibody methods for selectively inhibiting VEGF |
WO2008153237A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-18 | Korea Research Institute Of Bioscience And Biotechnology | Human monoclonal antibody neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and use thereof |
WO2010134666A1 (ko) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-25 | 주식회사 파멥신 | 신규한 형태의 이중표적항체 및 그 용도 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
"Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences", 1995, MACK PUBLISHING COMPANY |
BLAUG, SEYMOUR: "Remington's Pharmaceutical Science", 1975, MACK PUBLISHING COMPANY |
GERSTNER, E. R. ET AL.: "VEGF inhibitors in the treatment of cerebral edema in patients with brain cancer", NAT , REV. CLIN. ONCOL., vol. 6, no. 4, April 2009 (2009-04-01), pages 229 - 236, XP008137277, DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.14 * |
LAFUENTE, J. V. ET AL.: "VEGFR-2 expression in brain injury: its distribution related to brain-blood barrier markers", J. NEURAL TRANSM ., vol. 113, no. 4, April 2006 (2006-04-01), pages 487 - 496, XP019378168, DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0407-0 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3770172A1 (en) | 2021-01-27 |
KR102644938B1 (ko) | 2024-03-07 |
JP2022125157A (ja) | 2022-08-26 |
AU2019237774B2 (en) | 2023-03-23 |
US20210009695A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
JP2021516702A (ja) | 2021-07-08 |
AU2019237774A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
EP3770172A4 (en) | 2022-08-31 |
KR20190110063A (ko) | 2019-09-27 |
CN112055718A (zh) | 2020-12-08 |
CA3094444C (en) | 2023-04-11 |
SG11202009267QA (en) | 2020-10-29 |
CA3094444A1 (en) | 2019-09-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6499971B2 (ja) | 抗cd38抗体及びレナリドマイドを含む組成物 | |
US20110305690A1 (en) | Antitumor combinations containing antibodies recognizing specifically cd38 and cyclophosphamide | |
JPH07504888A (ja) | CDw52−多発性硬化症の治療のための特異抗体 | |
US11591406B2 (en) | Treatment for multiple myeloma (MM) | |
CA3099066A1 (en) | Methods for treating atopic dermatitis by administering an il-4r inhibitor | |
US11236157B2 (en) | Treatment of skin lesions and pruritus in prurigo nodularis patients | |
Agarwal et al. | Subcutaneous repository corticotropin gel for non-infectious panuveitis: reappraisal of an old pharmacologic agent | |
US20240239893A1 (en) | Methods and combinations for the treatment of cancer using immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies | |
WO2019182333A1 (ko) | 항-vegfr-2 항체 | |
Dionísio et al. | Efgartigimod efficacy and safety in refractory Myasthenia Gravis-UK′ s first real-world experience | |
JPWO2020186132A5 (ko) | ||
WO2023198060A1 (zh) | 蛋白酶体抑制剂与抗pd-1抗体的药物组合 | |
Antonopoulos et al. | 68-year old woman with refractory cutaneous dermatomyositis | |
Conner et al. | Gastrointestinal adverse events related to study drug and leading to discontinuation through 5 years of tildrakizumab exposure in 2 phase 3 clinical trials | |
CA2060384C (en) | A pharmaceutical composition containing an antibody recognizing the cdw52 antigen | |
WO2024112527A2 (en) | Methods for the treatment of thyroid eye disease | |
AU2020339737A1 (en) | Method for the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome using an inhibitory or cytotoxic agent against plasma cells | |
JPWO2022049526A5 (ko) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19771175 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3094444 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 2021500771 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019771175 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20201019 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019237774 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20190319 Kind code of ref document: A |