WO2019181963A1

WO2019181963A1 - Motor or generator, and linear motor

Info

Publication number: WO2019181963A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/011546
Authority: WO
Inventors: 粛梅森
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｃｃｕリニアモータ研究所
Priority date: 2018-03-20
Filing date: 2019-03-19
Publication date: 2019-09-26
Also published as: JP2019165609A; JP6481841B1

Abstract

Japanese Patent No. 6085753 discloses an innovative so-called magnetless motor in which a (torque, output/weight) is larger by roughly one digit than a conventional motor due to an innovation in a coil configuration and an iron core structure. In this iron core structure, both end surfaces of a tooth iron core are made to be opposing surfaces in order to reduce the weight, yoke portions are eliminated, and the iron core is epoxy molded in combination with a coil. Therein, a problem exists in the method for retaining the tooth iron cores during a manufacturing step. In the present invention, a mold body having strength based on the principles of steel-framed concrete can be produced by: boring holes (7-1),(7-2),…,(7'-1),(7'-2),… into which tooth iron cores 10 are to be fit in a support substrate (7) made of a non-magnetic high-strength light metal such as a hard aluminum material so that the holes match up with the positions at which the tooth iron cores are arranged; and then tightly fitting the tooth iron cores into the holes and epoxy molding to match the opposing surfaces of the tooth iron cores. Heat generated in the coil is concentrated in the support substrate, and cooling can be achieved by cooling the support substrate.

Description

Motor or generator and also linear motor

The present invention relates to a mold structure of a stator tooth core and a coil in a mutual coupling composite motor described in Patent Document 1.

In 1965, a variable voltage variable frequency inverter using a pseudo sine wave was invented, and a motor system capable of high-quality speed control in combination with a synchronous motor and an induction motor was completed and has been widely used until now.

However, in recent years, the problem of global warming due to carbon dioxide gas has arisen, creating a situation that should replace fossil fuel vehicles with electric vehicles in a short period of time, and current motors not only have controllability but also become more efficient and lower cost. I was owed.

Under such circumstances, Patent No. 6085753 was registered by the same applicant and inventor as the present application. In this patent, a plurality of coil sets having a two-phase configuration of A and B phases of commutation counterparts are stacked with their phase angles shifted from each other by (π / number of coil sets), and stored in each of a plurality of tooth gap cores on both surfaces facing each other. The fixed current from the two-quadrant limited current control circuit is switched between the A phase and the B phase, and the stator or the rotor having the opposing surface with a plurality of attracting poles having opposing surfaces on both sides or both ends. However, a switch that sequentially supplies a phase difference (π / the number of coil sets) to each coil set, and operates so that the leading end portion or the rear end portion of the attracting pole comes to a position where the magnetomotive force of each coil is concentrated, It is related to a motor or generator equipped with a linear motor, and can be well adapted to the demands of the era of high efficiency and low cost.

Japanese Patent No. 6085753

The present invention provides a method for holding a tooth core in a molding process, a strength structure that does not depend on the outer skin, and an effective cooling method for heat generated in a coil for a stator structure of a motor tooth core and a coil described in Patent Document 1. In this way, practicality is further improved.

According to the present invention, a hole having the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of a tooth core is formed in a non-magnetic support substrate having a thick outer peripheral portion and an inner peripheral portion and a thin portion between the two, and the both sides of the tooth core are opposed to the hole. By aligning the respective surfaces, the central portion of the tooth core is fixed to the support substrate, and a plurality of two-phase coil sets of the A and B phases of the commutation partner are arranged on the tooth core. (π / the number of coil sets), and a plurality of stator elements housed in an overlapping manner,
A rotor or a mover having a facing surface composed of a plurality of suction poles having opposing surfaces on both sides or both ends;
A constant current from the two-quadrant limited current control circuit is sequentially supplied to each coil set with a phase difference (π / number of coil sets) while switching between the A phase and the B phase, and the magnetomotive force of each coil is concentrated. A switch that operates so that the front end or rear end of the suction electrode comes;
A motor or a generator, further comprising a linear motor.

-The positioning and holding mechanism of the tooth iron core at the time of manufacture can be replaced by the work of fitting the tooth iron core into the hole of the non-magnetic support substrate, which is the first step in mechanization of stator manufacturing.
-The non-magnetic support substrate plays the role of a steel frame in steel concrete by selecting a high-strength material and can maintain strength without relying on the stator skin.
The non-magnetic support substrate can effectively absorb the heat generated by the coil by selecting a material with good heat conductivity, and can be easily cooled by attaching a cooling fin to the support substrate.

The cross section of the 6 pole 4 phase 4 surface configuration motor concerning one embodiment of the present invention. The nonmagnetic support substrate which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a coil structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (B) is the magnetic flux circulation of the tooth iron core which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The rotor structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a configuration of an FF switch according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a waveform of each phase coil current according to an embodiment of the present invention. Basic configuration for operation description (1). Basic configuration for operation description (2). Basic configuration for operation description (3).

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a 6-pole, 4-phase, 4-sided motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a stator, 2 is a rotor, 3 is a bearing plate, 4 is a rotating shaft, 5 is a bearing, 6 is an angular position detector, 7 is a support substrate, 8 is a cooling fin, 9 is a spacer, 10 is Tooth core, 12 is a coil, 23 is a stator support member, 13 is a rotor support member, 14 is a suction pole, 15 is a stator screw, and 16 is a rotor screw.

The stator 1 has a disk shape and is fixed around the case by spacers 9 and stator screws 15. The rotor 2 is configured so that it can be separated into a rotor element 2-1 and a rotor element 2-2. During the assembly process, the rotor 2 is sequentially inserted into the rotating shaft 4 so as to sandwich the stator 1 and rotated. It is fixed to the rotating shaft 4 with a female screw 16.

FIG. 2 shows a support substrate 7, and this support substrate 7 forms a skeleton for constituting the double ring-shaped tooth gap core of the stator 1 in FIG. The support substrate 7 is made of non-magnetic, heat-conductive, high-strength light metal, for example, hard aluminum. The outer peripheral part and the inner peripheral part of the support substrate 7 are thick, and the part between them is formed thin. The thick part is made to correspond to the opposing surface of the ring-shaped tooth core mentioned later. The holes 7-1, 7-2, 7-3,. . . Are fitted with outer peripheral tooth cores, and inner peripheral holes 7'-1, 7'-2, 7'-3,. . . Is fitted with the inner peripheral iron core. Tooth cores are stacked in the radial direction, and the magnetic flux penetrates in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface. The shape of the cross section perpendicular to the magnetic flux of the tooth core matches the shape of the hole, and the center portion of the tooth core in the magnetic flux direction is fixed firmly to the support substrate 7. The area around the tooth core, including the skeleton portion of the support substrate 7, is a space for coil storage within the opposing surface. The coil 12 can store what is wound by a winding machine. Thereafter, all the spaces sandwiched between the opposing surfaces on both side surfaces of the support substrate 7, that is, the outer peripheral portion 23-1 of the outer peripheral iron core and the groove portions 23-2, 23 of the adjacent tooth core. -4, the portion 23-3 sandwiched between the outer peripheral side iron core and the inner peripheral side iron core, and the inner portion 23-5 of the inner peripheral side iron core are filled together with the coil 12 by the stator support member 23. The heat generated by the coil is effectively collected by the support substrate 7 and can be effectively dissipated by the cooling fins 8 attached to the outside of the support substrate 7 as shown in FIG.

3A shows a configuration of a coil wound around the stator 1, and FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining a circulation state of the magnetic flux 17 of the tooth core of the stator 1.

From the 6-pole quadruple phase configuration, the magnetic pole pitch is 360 ° / 6 (pole) = 60 °, and the pitch of the tooth core and the groove pitch is 60 ° / 4 (heavy phase from the magnetic pole pitch 60 ° and the number of multiple phases 4). ) = 15 °. The number of tooth cores and the number of grooves per round is 360 ° / 15 ° = 24.

In FIG. 3A, the tooth cores 10-1, 10-2, 10-3,. . . Is a peripheral iron core, grooves 11-1, 11-2, 11-3,. . . Indicates a groove on the outer peripheral side. Similarly, tooth cores 10'-1, 10'-2, 10'-3,. . . Is the inner peripheral tooth core, grooves 11'-1, 11'-2, 11'-3,. . . Indicates an inner circumferential groove. Some of them are shown in the figure. The direction of rotation of the rotor 2 existing so as to sandwich the stator 1 is the above-described tooth cores 10-1, 10-2, 10-3,. . . The direction of the serial number is the forward direction.

A predetermined number of turns are wound clockwise around the three tooth cores 10-1, 10-2, 10-3 between the outer peripheral side groove 11-1 and the groove 11-4, and the same angular position is obtained. The three tooth cores 10'-1, 10'-2 and 10'-3 between the circumferential groove 11'-1 and the groove 11'-4 have a predetermined number of turns in the counterclockwise direction opposite to the above. It is rolled up. As a result, the magnetic flux 17 shown in FIG. 5B is circulated, and four opposing surfaces of the air gaps 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, and 18-4 can be formed within one magnetic pole. Needless to say, the surface of the air gap 4 is a basis for generating a suction force as a motor and an electromotive force as a generator.

Although not shown in FIG. 3 (A), the same thing as the above is repeated three times as shown below at a 2-pole pitch, that is, an 8-slot pitch.

Groove 11-1, Groove 11-4 and Groove 11'-1, Groove 11'-4
Groove 11-9, Groove 11-12 and Groove 11'-9, Groove 11'-12
Groove 11-17, Groove 11-20 and Groove 11'-17, Groove 11'-20
As described above, the three sets of coils are connected in series to constitute the coil 12-1A.

The coil 12-1B is configured by providing another coil with a shift of one magnetic pole pitch, that is, four groove pitches with respect to the coil 12-1A. There is a one-groove pitch interval between the coil 12-1A and the coil 12-1B, but a margin is provided for the commutation of the coil current.

Further, the coil 12-2A and the coil 12-2B are configured by providing another coil with the coil 12-1A and the coil 12-1B as a reference and shifted by one groove pitch in the rotation direction. Furthermore, the coil 12-3A and the coil 12-3B are shifted by two grooves from the initial position, and the coil 12-4A and the coil 12-4B are formed by shifting three grooves.

The direction of the magnetomotive force of the coil 12 is unified between the outer peripheral coil and the inner peripheral coil, and is reversed between the outer peripheral coil and the inner peripheral coil. Circulating magnetic flux in the same direction is generated regardless of the position of the tooth gap core 14.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 2 has a structure that can be separated into two parts, a rotor element 2-1 and a rotor element 2-2, and sequentially rotates so as to sandwich the stator 1 during the assembly process. It is inserted into the shaft 4 and fixed with a rotor screw 16.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the rotor element 2-1. FIG. 3A is a view of the facing surface of the rotor element 2-1 as viewed from the facing surface side of the counterpart stator 1. In the figure, reference numerals 14-1, 14-2, and 14-3 denote suction poles. The width in the rotation direction of the suction poles 14-1, 14-2, 14-3 is (360 ° / 6 pole) = 60 ° due to the 6-pole structure, and the outer peripheral side iron core 10 and the inner peripheral side iron core 10 ′. Are arranged so as to be connected to each other by a magnetic path, and three sets of two magnetic pole pitches, that is, 120 ° pitches, are held by a nonmagnetic, lightweight rotor support member 13. It is. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor element 2-2 is configured to face the rotor element 2-1. The suction pole 14 needs to be configured so as to be opposed to a suction force applied in a direction perpendicular to the surface and a centrifugal force applied in the radial direction.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for showing a connection between a flip-flop switch (hereinafter abbreviated as FF switch) according to the stator 1 of FIG. 1 and a coil, and a coil current waveform.

In FIG. 5 (A), a two-quadrant limited current control circuit 22 is for receiving an AC or DC power supply 21 and outputting a set constant current I regardless of whether the load electromotive force is positive or negative. The commutation counterpart coils 12-1A and 12-1B are connected in parallel via FF switches 20-1A and 20-1B, respectively, to form an FF switch unit. A constant current I is supplied from the limited current control circuit 22. The current flowing through one of the commutation counterparts is temporarily joined by the circuit and input to the next FF switch unit as a constant current I, and this is repeated four times in total.

The FF switch is represented by using a normal switch symbol in the figure, but actually, a semiconductor switch such as an IGBT is used, and processing such as overvoltage suppression by a capacitor or the like is necessary.

FIG. 5B shows eight-phase current waveforms of coils 12-1A and 12-1B to coils 12-4A and 12-4B. All the waveforms are single amplitude trapezoidal waves that flow in the same direction at the peak value I. The waveforms are sequentially shifted by a phase difference of π / 4.

Table 1 shows the operation order of the FF switches in the figure. In the table, ◯ indicates FF switch on, and X indicates FF switch off. The operation mode is based on the forward operation, and when the operation mode is shifted by 4 the brake mode is set.

FIG. 6 shows a basic configuration for explaining the operation of the motor according to FIG. Since the embodiment of FIG. 1 has a 6-pole quadruple-phase 4-surface configuration, there are four opposing surfaces of the tooth core and the suction pole, but the basic configuration of FIG. Is linearized. The magnetic path configuration is not completed, and it is assumed that the magnetic path indicated by the arrow 17 in the drawing exists.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the tip P of the attraction pole 14 is in the groove 11-5, the FF switches 20-1A to 20-4A are all on and the FF switches 20-1B to 20-4B are all off. The supply current I from the two-quadrant limited current control circuit 22 flows through the coils 12-1A to 12-4A. The flow coil is painted black. The magnetic flux of each tooth core is generated as follows.
・ The gap in the tooth core 10-3 is a magnetic flux generated by the current of one coil of the coil 12-1A.
The gap in the tooth core 14-4 is a magnetic flux generated by the current of two coils of the coils 12-1A and 12-2A.
The gap of the tooth core 10-5 is a magnetic flux generated by the current of the three coils 12-1A, 12-2A, and 12-3 only at the part where the attracting pole 14 faces.

While the tip P of the attraction pole 14 traverses the tooth core 10-5, the air gap magnetic flux of the tooth cores 10-3 and 10-4 does not change, and only the magnetic flux of the tooth core 10-5 increases linearly. Eventually, the increase in magnetic energy while the attracting pole 14 moves through the tooth core 10-5 is equal to the gap magnetic energy of the tooth core 10-5, and per attracting pole,

The same amount of mechanical energy as the acquired magnetic energy is output, and the attractive force is divided by the moving distance a.

here,
B _m : Magnetic flux density [T]
E _m : Air gap magnetic energy [J]
F _m : generated suction force [N]
μ ₀ : 4π × 10 ⁻⁷
g: Cavity length [m]
a: Tooth core moving direction arc length [m]
b: Radial width of tooth core [m]
It is.

∙ Each phase coil of the multi-phase coil does not work for generating an attractive force independently, but all currents of each phase coil are mutually coupled in the same direction and compete and integrate to work. Since the attractive force is proportional to the square of the current, integrating the all-phase coil currents by mutual coupling can effectively generate an attractive force that is several times the number of heavy phases.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the tip P of the suction pole 14 crosses the tooth core 10-5 and reaches the groove 11-6, the current of the coil 12-1A is commutated to the coil 12-1B. The coil 12-1A holds the magnetic energy based on the self-inductance of its own coil and the magnetic energy based on the mutual inductances of the coils 12-2A and 12-3A. At the time of commutation, the current coils 12-2A and 12-3A and the commutation destination coil 12-1B are redistributed and recovered to the power source side with high efficiency.

FIG. 8 shows a state after commutation from the coil 12-1A to the coil 12-B. This state is basically the same as the state in FIG. 6, and the tip P of the attracting pole 14 can continue to be driven by the tooth core 10-6.

In the present embodiment, the quadruple phase embodiment is shown, but the 2n multiphase (n is a natural number of 3 or more) can be basically implemented with the same idea.

The motor, generator, and linear motor according to the present invention are:
・ Rare earth magnets are not required, and aluminum wires can be used for the coils.
・ Deferred type, shaft type, in-wheel type, flat type, etc., shape free,
・ (Torque, output / weight)
-Driving and braking are reversible with 90% efficiency without any special control.
・ A structure that is easy to mass-produce,
It has the characteristics of.

Furthermore, the following new adaptations utilizing the features of the motor, generator, and linear motor according to the present invention are conceivable.
・ In-wheel motors for electric vehicles, shaft type motors ・ Shaft type motors for low-floor trains ・ Gearless wind generators ・ Gearless flat elevator motors ・ Wireless linear motor drive elevators ・ Forklift linear elevator motors ・ Linear motors for catapult propulsion braking ・Building isolation system, fuel cell ship shaft motor, electromagnetic damper mechanism

1: Stator 2: Rotor 3: Bearing plate 4: Rotating shaft 5: Bearing 6: Angular position detector 7: Support substrates 7-1, 7-2, 7-3,. . . , 7'-1, 7'-2, 7'-3,. . . : Hollow hole 8: cooling fin 9: spacer 10, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7, 10'-1, 10'-2, 10'-3, 10'-4, 10'-5, 10'-6, 10'-7: Tooth cores 11, 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, 11-5, 11 -6, 11-7, 11-8, 11'-1, 11'-2, 11'-3, 11'-4, 11'-5, 11'-6, 11'-7, 11'-8 : Grooves 12, 12-1A, 12-2A, 12-3A, 12-4A, 12-1B, 12-2B, 12-3B, 12-4B: Coil 13: Rotor support members 14, 14-1, 14 -2, 14-3: Suction pole 15: Stator screw 16: Rotor screw 17: Magnetic flux 18, 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4: Gap 20, 20-1A, 20-2A , 20 3A, 20-4A, 20-1B, 20-2B, 20-3B, 20-4B: FF switch 21: AC power source or DC power source 22: Two elephants limited current control circuit 23: a stator support member

Claims

In the nonmagnetic support substrate where the inner and outer peripheral parts are thick and the part between them is thin, a hole having the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the tooth core is hollowed out, and each of the opposite surfaces of the tooth core is inserted into the hole. Are aligned and fixed at the center of the tooth core to the support substrate, and a plurality of two-phase coil sets of the A and B phases of the commutation partner are arranged on the tooth core with a phase angle of (π / coil A plurality of stator elements which are stacked and stored in a shifted manner,
A rotor or a mover having a facing surface composed of a plurality of suction poles having opposing surfaces on both sides or both ends;
A constant current from the two-quadrant limited current control circuit is sequentially supplied to each coil set with a phase difference (π / number of coil sets) while switching between the A phase and the B phase, and the magnetomotive force of each coil is concentrated. A switch that operates so that the front end or rear end of the suction electrode comes;
A motor comprising:
In the nonmagnetic support substrate where the inner and outer peripheral parts are thick and the part between them is thin, a hole having the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the tooth core is hollowed out, and each of the opposite surfaces of the tooth core is inserted into the hole. Are aligned and fixed at the center of the tooth core to the support substrate, and a plurality of two-phase coil sets of the A and B phases of the commutation partner are arranged on the tooth core with a phase angle of (π / coil A plurality of stator elements which are stacked and stored in a shifted manner,
A rotor or a mover having a facing surface composed of a plurality of suction poles having opposing surfaces on both sides or both ends;
A constant current from the two-quadrant limited current control circuit is sequentially supplied to each coil set with a phase difference (π / number of coil sets) while switching between the A phase and the B phase, and the magnetomotive force of each coil is concentrated. A switch that operates so that the front end or rear end of the suction electrode comes;
A generator comprising:
In the nonmagnetic support substrate where the inner and outer peripheral parts are thick and the part between them is thin, a hole having the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the tooth core is hollowed out, and each of the opposite surfaces of the tooth core is inserted into the hole. Are aligned and fixed at the center of the tooth core to the support substrate, and a plurality of two-phase coil sets of the A and B phases of the commutation partner are arranged on the tooth core with a phase angle of (π / coil A plurality of stator elements which are stacked and stored in a shifted manner,
A rotor or a mover having a facing surface composed of a plurality of suction poles having opposing surfaces on both sides or both ends;
A constant current from the two-quadrant limited current control circuit is sequentially supplied to each coil set with a phase difference (π / number of coil sets) while switching between the A phase and the B phase, and the magnetomotive force of each coil is concentrated. A switch that operates so that the front end or rear end of the suction electrode comes;
A linear motor comprising: