WO2019181822A1 - Composition for accelerating energy metabolism - Google Patents

Composition for accelerating energy metabolism Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019181822A1
WO2019181822A1 PCT/JP2019/011067 JP2019011067W WO2019181822A1 WO 2019181822 A1 WO2019181822 A1 WO 2019181822A1 JP 2019011067 W JP2019011067 W JP 2019011067W WO 2019181822 A1 WO2019181822 A1 WO 2019181822A1
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Prior art keywords
saturated fatty
chain saturated
present
energy metabolism
composition
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PCT/JP2019/011067
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
有希 木村
昌士 長田
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株式会社明治
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Priority to CN201980019035.0A priority Critical patent/CN111885927A/en
Publication of WO2019181822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019181822A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/20—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition for promoting energy metabolism, and in particular, to a composition for promoting energy metabolism comprising an oil or fat having a specific structure as an active ingredient.
  • Energy metabolism is one of the typical functions indispensable for life activities. The promotion of energy metabolism is important for infants who are growing rapidly and need a lot of energy, athletes who also require a large amount of energy, and patients and elderly people with various diseases whose basal metabolism is reduced.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 Most of the energy stored in the body is fatty acids, which are metabolized through lipid metabolism pathways and used as energy sources. So far, various food materials have been proposed as materials for promoting energy metabolism through activation of lipid metabolism pathways (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for promoting energy metabolism and an energy metabolism promoter.
  • the present inventors have now found that energy metabolism is promoted by ingesting fats and oils in which the triglyceride binding position of palmitic acid, which is a kind of fatty acid, is adjusted.
  • the present invention is based on this finding.
  • a composition for promoting energy metabolism and an energy metabolism promoter comprising an oil or fat containing ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid as an active ingredient .
  • the fat is a fat containing ⁇ -position palmitic acid.
  • the ratio of palmitic acid at the ⁇ -position to the total palmitic acid is 54% or more and less than 98%.
  • composition and agent according to any one of [1] to [4] above which is a ⁇ -oxidation accelerator.
  • [6] The composition and agent according to any one of [1] to [5] above, which are in a unit package form.
  • a method for promoting energy metabolism and a method for promoting ⁇ -oxidation comprising ingesting or administering an oil or fat containing an effective amount of a ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acid to a subject in need thereof.
  • Use of fats and oils containing ⁇ -long-chain saturated fatty acids for production of energy metabolism promoters, as energy metabolism promoters, or for energy metabolism promotion.
  • the active ingredient of the composition and agent of the present invention is fats and oils that have been used as a raw material for food for many years. Therefore, the composition and the preparation of the present invention are advantageous in that they have an effect of promoting energy metabolism and have no side effects even when taken continuously over a long period of time, and are highly safe.
  • composition and the agent of the present invention comprise fats and oils containing a ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid as an active ingredient.
  • the “ ⁇ -long-chain saturated fatty acid” is a substance in which a long-chain saturated fatty acid is bonded to the ⁇ -position of a glyceride and refers to all the same compounds in the chemical formula.
  • the ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid may be a pure product or a mixture with other substances.
  • a ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acid may be measured by a known measurement method, and a raw material whose presence has been confirmed may be used as it is.
  • Examples of the long-chain saturated fatty acid include saturated fatty acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, such as palmitic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid and lignoceric acid.
  • an oil and fat containing ⁇ -palmitic acid as an active ingredient.
  • a typical raw material (mixture) rich in ⁇ -palmitic acid is lard, which can also be used in the composition and agent of the present invention.
  • lard has a peculiar “food odor”.
  • plant oils and fats rich in palmitic acid are chemically or enzymatically modified to enrich ⁇ -palmitic acid.
  • a commercially available product of ⁇ -position palmitic acid for example, Betapol (Rodels® Crocran) may be purchased and blended with other raw materials as appropriate for use in the composition and preparation of the present invention.
  • the lower limit value can be 10% from the viewpoint of better exhibiting the effects of the present invention, and the upper limit value can be within a range not exceeding 90% from the viewpoint of stable production.
  • the lower limit value of the ratio (mass ratio) of palmitic acid at ⁇ -position of triglyceride to the total amount of fatty acids bound at ⁇ -position (sn-2 position) is From the viewpoint of better exhibiting the effects of the present invention, it can be 10%, preferably 50%, more preferably 74%.
  • the upper limit value of the above ratio can be set within a range not exceeding 90% from the viewpoint of stable production, and is preferably 85%, more preferably 78%. These lower limit value and upper limit value can be arbitrarily combined, and the range of the ratio can be, for example, 50% or more and less than 90%, 70 to 85%, or 74 to 78%.
  • the ratio of long chain saturated fatty acid in ⁇ position of triglyceride to full chain saturated fatty acid (ratio of long chain saturated fatty acid to ⁇ position,
  • the lower limit of (mass ratio) can be 10% from the viewpoint of better exhibiting the effects of the present invention, and from the viewpoint of stable production, the upper limit may be in a range not exceeding 98%. it can.
  • the lower limit of the ratio of palmitic acid at the ⁇ -position of triglycerides to the total palmitic acid is From the viewpoint of better exhibiting the effects of the present invention, it can be made 54%, preferably 65%, more preferably 67%, and even more preferably 68%.
  • the upper limit of the above ratio can be within a range not exceeding 98% from the viewpoint of stable production, and is preferably 75%, more preferably 73%, and still more preferably 72%.
  • the composition and the agent of the present invention can contain an oil and fat containing a ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid alone or can be mixed with other components.
  • the content of fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids in the composition and agent of the present invention can be, for example, 0.1 to 70% by mass, preferably 1 to 20% by mass.
  • the agent of the present invention is composed of an oil containing a ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid
  • the composition of the present invention is composed of an oil containing a position ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acid. Can do.
  • composition and the agent of the present invention can contain an oil and fat containing ⁇ -palmitic acid alone or can be mixed with other components.
  • the content of fats and oils containing ⁇ -palmitic acid in the compositions and preparations of the present invention can be, for example, 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 1 to 9% by mass.
  • the agent of the present invention may comprise an oil containing ⁇ -palmitic acid
  • the composition of the present invention may comprise an oil containing ⁇ -palmitic acid.
  • the group fed with fat containing ⁇ -palmitic acid significantly decreased the plasma triglyceride concentration compared with the group fed with fat with a low ⁇ -palmitic acid ratio
  • the expression level of genes related to ⁇ -oxidation (PPAR ⁇ , Cpt1a, Acox1) was significantly increased.
  • ⁇ -oxidation is a metabolic pathway that oxidizes fatty acid in fatty acid metabolism to produce fatty acyl-CoA and extracts acetyl-CoA. It is the three stages of fatty acid metabolism ( ⁇ -oxidation, citric acid circuit, electron transport system) This corresponds to the first stage.
  • fats and oils containing ⁇ -palmitic acid the intake of the fats and oils promoted ⁇ -oxidation, thereby promoting energy metabolism (particularly lipid metabolism). Accordingly, fats and oils containing ⁇ -long-chain saturated fatty acids can be used for promoting energy metabolism (particularly lipid metabolism) and for promoting ⁇ -oxidation.
  • composition and preparation of the present invention can be provided in the form of pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, foods, feeds, etc., and can be carried out according to the following description.
  • fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids can be orally administered to humans and non-human animals.
  • Oral preparations include granules, powders, tablets (including sugar-coated tablets), pills, capsules, syrups, emulsions, and suspensions. These preparations can be formulated using a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier by a technique usually performed in this field.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include excipients, binders, diluents, additives, fragrances, buffers, thickeners, colorants, stabilizers, emulsifiers, dispersants, suspending agents, preservatives, etc. Is mentioned.
  • the fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids can be administered to humans and non-human animals in the body other than oral administration such as tube administration and nasal tube administration. It is possible depending on the shape.
  • the composition and agent of the present invention can be used as a liquid composition having a viscosity containing fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids, or a semi-solid form containing fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids.
  • the functions of mastication and swallowing are reduced, and it can be ingested or administered to human and non-human animals that cannot be ingested or administered orally.
  • compositions and the preparation of the present invention are ingested or administered by other than oral ingestion, even if the function of chewing or swallowing of the ingested or administered subject is reduced by aging or the like, the effect of promoting energy metabolism in the subject Can be expected.
  • fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids can be taken orally by humans and non-human animals.
  • foods or foods containing fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids even in an isolated, purified or crudely purified form It may be in the form of a raw material.
  • the fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids when provided as foods, the fats and oils can be contained in foods, and such foods effectively use fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids. It is a food containing a quantity.
  • foods and raw materials that already contain the fats and oils when provided as foods of the present invention, when providing fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids as foods, foods and raw materials that already contain the fats and oils can be provided as foods of the present invention.
  • a food containing an effective amount of fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids when providing fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids as foods, foods and raw materials that already contain the fats and oils can be provided as foods of the present invention.
  • “containing an effective amount” of fat and oil containing ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid means that ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid is within the range described later when the amount normally consumed in each food is ingested.
  • the content of fats and oils that contain. “Food” means health food, functional food, health functional food (for example, food for specified health use, functional nutrition food, functional indication food), food for special use (for example, food for infants, food for pregnant women, disease, etc.) Food) and nutritional supplements (supplements).
  • the form of “food” is not particularly limited.
  • it may be a liquid form such as a beverage or a liquid food, a paste form, a semi-liquid form, a gel form, a solid form, a bar, It may be in the form of a powder.
  • the usage form of the composition and the preparation of the present invention is a powder, it can be produced by using means such as spray drying and freeze drying.
  • composition and agent of the present invention when providing the composition and agent of the present invention as a food containing an oil or fat containing a ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid, it is usual to add an oil or fat containing an ⁇ -position / long chain saturated fatty acid. It can manufacture according to the manufacturing method of foodstuffs.
  • the food of the present invention is not limited to liquid, solid, powder, etc.
  • the fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids are mixed with various foods (for example, milk, soft drinks, fermented milk, yogurt, chocolate, gummi , Cheese, bread, biscuits, cookies, crackers, pizza crust, jelly, ice cream, high energy supplements, high energy pastes, formula milk, liquid foods, special foods, sick foods, comprehensive nutritional foods, dietary supplements, Frozen foods, processed foods, other commercial foods) or their raw materials can be prepared.
  • the subject himself / herself can also be ingested by adding fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids of various properties (liquid, solid, powder, paste, etc.) to water, food and drink or meals.
  • fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids of various properties liquid, solid, powder, paste, etc.
  • the present invention by adding an effective amount of fat and oil containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acid to the liquid food, it is possible to obtain a food having a function of promoting energy metabolism.
  • Such a food can be used for chewing and swallowing. It is advantageous because it can be taken or administered to a sick or elderly person with reduced function.
  • composition and agent of the present invention are provided in the form of a food or raw material (especially a processed raw material) that already contains an oil containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acid
  • a food or raw material especially a processed raw material
  • such food and raw material include examples thereof include edible fats and oils such as lard and vegetable fats and oils.
  • the composition and the agent of the present invention are suitable for nutritional supplementation and nutritional improvement of infants that are extremely grown and require a large amount of energy.
  • the infant includes infants and infants, and more specifically includes infants, infants, and newborns, and further includes infants, infants, newborns, premature infants, preterm infants, and low birth weight infants.
  • An infant is a child in the infancy, and the infancy means a period when milk such as breast milk is a main nutritional source.
  • Infants generally refer to children in pre-school age (6 to 7 years old).
  • Neonatal refers to a child in the neonatal period, and neonatal period means a period just after birth, and in the case of human beings, the neonatal period is usually within 4 weeks after birth.
  • fats and oils containing ⁇ -long-chain saturated fatty acids can be combined with other raw materials to provide compositions and supplements that can promote energy metabolism, and infant formulas.
  • compositions and supplements that can promote energy metabolism, and infant formulas.
  • use as infant formula is particularly preferred.
  • compositions and agent of the present invention are also suitable for energy supply for athletes and sports enthusiasts (athletes) who require a large amount of energy.
  • the compositions and preparations of the present invention for these persons are packaged (for example, pasty, semi-liquid, gel, solid, bar, powder) containing an active ingredient for one meal for convenience of ingestion and administration. Can be provided.
  • the daily intake or dose of the composition and preparation of the present invention as a pharmaceutical or food is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the disease state, age, symptom, body weight, use, etc. of the subject.
  • Ingestion and administration for the purpose of promoting energy metabolism intake / dose (solid content equivalent) of fats and oils containing ⁇ -long-chain saturated fatty acids (particularly ⁇ -palmitic acid) per day for adults is particularly limited
  • the lower limit is, for example, 0.01 g, preferably 0.1 g.
  • the upper limit is 5g, for example, Preferably it is 1g.
  • the number and frequency of ingestion or administration can be appropriately determined according to the necessity of promoting energy metabolism.
  • the intake and dose, as well as the intake and administration intervals are determined by the subject physician, pharmacist, registered dietitian, nutritionist, care worker, care manager, helper, care facility staff, the caregiver of the target family, and the subject itself. Can be determined.
  • composition and the agent of the present invention are not limited to be used in combination with other compositions and agents that can be taken orally.
  • the effect of promoting energy metabolism can be further enhanced.
  • the composition and agent of the present invention can be provided as a composition and agent having a daily intake effective for promoting energy metabolism.
  • the composition and the agent of the present invention may be packaged so as to be able to take an effective intake for one day of fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acid.
  • the packaging form may be one package or multiple packages. When provided in the form of a package, it is desirable that a description of the intake is provided on the package so that an effective intake for one day can be ingested, or a document with the description is provided together.
  • a plurality of packages with the effective intake for one day can be provided as a set for convenience of intake.
  • the packaging form for providing the composition and the agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a form that defines a certain amount.
  • wrapping paper, bag, soft bag, paper container, can, bottle, capsule, etc. can be used.
  • composition and the agent of the present invention are desirably administered or ingested continuously for at least 1 week in order to exert their effects better, and the administration and ingestion period is preferably continuously for 2 weeks or longer (for example, 2 to 14 weeks), and more preferably continuously for 3 weeks or longer (for example, 3 to 21 weeks).
  • “continuously” means that administration or ingestion is continued at least once a week (for example, 1 to 7 times).
  • an effective intake for a certain period for example, 1 week
  • the food of the present invention may be labeled with an energy metabolism promoting effect.
  • the food of the present invention may be displayed, for example, with some or all of the following displays. ⁇ Food that enhances energy metabolism ⁇ Food that increases the ability to metabolize fat in energy metabolism ⁇ Food suitable for those who need energy
  • a method for promoting energy metabolism comprising ingesting or administering to a subject in need thereof an oil containing an effective amount of a ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acid And ⁇ -oxidation promoting methods are provided.
  • the method of the present invention can be carried out as described for the compositions and agents of the present invention.
  • the use of fats and oils containing ⁇ -long-chain saturated fatty acids for the production of energy metabolism promoters, as energy metabolism promoters or for promoting energy metabolism Is provided.
  • the present invention also provides the use of fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids for the production of ⁇ -oxidation promoters, as ⁇ -oxidation promoters, or for the promotion of ⁇ -oxidation.
  • the use of the invention can be carried out as described for the compositions and agents of the invention.
  • fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids for use in promoting energy metabolism.
  • the present invention also provides fats and oils containing ⁇ -long chain saturated fatty acids for use in promoting ⁇ -oxidation.
  • the fats and oils containing the ⁇ -position-long chain saturated fatty acid can be carried out according to the description of the composition and agent of the present invention.
  • non-therapeutic means not including an act of treating, treating or diagnosing a human (ie, a medical act on a human), and specifically, receiving a doctor or a doctor's instructions. It means that the person does not include a method for performing surgery, treatment or diagnosis on humans.
  • Example 1 Effect of ⁇ -bonding ratio of palmitic acid on lipid metabolism
  • Example 1 the effect of the difference in ⁇ -bonding ratio of palmitic acid, which is one of long-chain saturated fatty acids, on energy metabolism was confirmed in rats.
  • “Ratio” represents the ratio (mass ratio) of each fatty acid that binds to triglyceride with respect to the total fatty acid in the test oil.
  • the “ ⁇ -position ratio” represents the ratio (mass ratio) of each fatty acid at the ⁇ -position to the total amount of fatty acids bound to the ⁇ -position (sn-2 position) of the triglyceride. Further, the ratio (mass ratio) of palmitic acid binding to the ⁇ -position of triglyceride with respect to the total amount of palmitic acid was 4.5% for L oil and 70.4% for H oil.
  • lipid metabolizing enzymes whose expression levels were measured by real-time PCR are as follows.
  • PPAR ⁇ ⁇ -type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
  • CPT1 carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1
  • Acox1 acyl CoA oxidase
  • Real-time PCR is performed according to the procedure described in J. Pharmacol. Sci., 27, 244-250, 2015, using 18S ribosomal RNA as an internal standard gene, and the expression of the lipid metabolizing enzyme gene relative to the expression level of 18S ribosomal RNA. The relative expression level was determined.
  • the reverse transcriptase was PrimeScript RT MasterMix (Takara Bio), and the PCR reaction reagent was Quantitect SYBR Green PCR (QIAGEN) (both are registered trademarks).
  • the plasma triglyceride concentration was as shown in FIG.
  • the plasma triglyceride concentration in the H oil test diet group was significantly lower than that in the L oil test diet group (FIG. 1).
  • the expression level of genes (PPAR ⁇ , Cpt1a, Acox1) involved in ⁇ -oxidation in the liver was as shown in FIG.
  • the expression level of the H oil test diet group was significantly higher than that of the L oil test diet group (FIG. 2).
  • FAS fatty acid synthesis gene

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Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composition for accelerating energy metabolism. The composition for accelerating energy metabolism according to the present invention contains, as an active ingredient, a fat including a long-chain saturated fatty acid bonded at the β-position. The fat can include β-position palmitic acid. The composition of the present invention is usable as a β-oxidation accelerator.

Description

エネルギー代謝促進用組成物Composition for promoting energy metabolism 関連出願の参照Reference to related applications
　本願は、先行する日本国出願である特願２０１８－５１３５３（出願日：２０１８年３月１９日）の優先権の利益を享受するものであり、その開示内容全体は引用することにより本明細書の一部とされる。 This application enjoys the benefit of priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-51353 (filing date: March 19, 2018), which is a prior Japanese application, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. To be part of
　本発明は、エネルギー代謝促進用組成物に関し、詳細には、特定構造の油脂を有効成分とするエネルギー代謝促進用組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a composition for promoting energy metabolism, and in particular, to a composition for promoting energy metabolism comprising an oil or fat having a specific structure as an active ingredient.
　エネルギー代謝は、生命活動に欠かすことのできない代表的な機能の一つである。エネルギー代謝の促進は、成長が著しくエネルギーの必要量が多い乳幼児や、同じく多量のエネルギーを必要とするアスリート、さらには、基礎代謝が低下する種々の疾病の患者や高齢者にとって重要である。 Energy metabolism is one of the typical functions indispensable for life activities. The promotion of energy metabolism is important for infants who are growing rapidly and need a lot of energy, athletes who also require a large amount of energy, and patients and elderly people with various diseases whose basal metabolism is reduced.
　生体の貯蔵エネルギーの大半は脂肪酸であり、脂質代謝経路を通じて代謝され、エネルギー源として利用されている。これまでに、脂質代謝経路の活性化を通じてエネルギー代謝を促進する素材として、様々な食品素材が提案されている（特許文献１～３）。 Most of the energy stored in the body is fatty acids, which are metabolized through lipid metabolism pathways and used as energy sources. So far, various food materials have been proposed as materials for promoting energy metabolism through activation of lipid metabolism pathways (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
特開２００９－２１５１７０号公報JP 2009-215170 A 特開２０１３－７９２２７号公報JP 2013-79227 A 特表２０１５－５１０８８８号公報Special table 2015-510888 gazette
　本発明は、エネルギー代謝促進用組成物およびエネルギー代謝促進剤の提供を目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for promoting energy metabolism and an energy metabolism promoter.
　本発明者らは今般、脂肪酸の一種であるパルミチン酸のトリグリセリド結合位置が調整された油脂をラットに摂取させることにより、エネルギー代謝が促進されることを見出した。本発明はこの知見に基づくものである。 The present inventors have now found that energy metabolism is promoted by ingesting fats and oils in which the triglyceride binding position of palmitic acid, which is a kind of fatty acid, is adjusted. The present invention is based on this finding.
　本発明によれば以下の発明が提供される。
［１］β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を有効成分として含んでなる、エネルギー代謝促進用組成物およびエネルギー代謝促進剤（以下、「本発明の組成物および用剤」ということがある）。
［２］前記油脂が、β位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂である、上記［１］に記載の組成物。
［３］前記油脂において、全パルミチン酸に対するβ位におけるパルミチン酸の比率が５４％以上９８％未満である、上記［２］に記載の組成物および用剤。
［４］エネルギー代謝が、脂質代謝である、上記［１］～［３］のいずれかに記載の組成物および用剤。
［５］β酸化促進剤である、上記［１］～［４］のいずれかに記載の組成物および用剤。
［６］単位包装形態である、上記［１］～［５］のいずれかに記載の組成物および用剤。
［７］食品である、上記［１］～［６］のいずれかに記載の組成物および用剤。
［８］有効量のβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を、それを必要とする対象に摂取させるか、或いは投与することを含んでなる、エネルギー代謝の促進方法およびβ酸化促進方法。
［９］エネルギー代謝促進剤の製造のための、エネルギー代謝促進剤としての、或いは、エネルギー代謝促進のための、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂の使用。
［１０］β酸化促進剤の製造のための、β酸化促進剤としての、或いは、β酸化促進のための、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂の使用。
［１１］エネルギー代謝促進に用いるためのβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂
［１２］β酸化促進に用いるためのβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂。 According to the present invention, the following inventions are provided.
[1] A composition for promoting energy metabolism and an energy metabolism promoter (hereinafter, also referred to as “the composition and the agent of the present invention”) comprising an oil or fat containing β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid as an active ingredient .
[2] The composition according to [1] above, wherein the fat is a fat containing β-position palmitic acid.
[3] The composition and preparation according to [2] above, wherein in the oil and fat, the ratio of palmitic acid at the β-position to the total palmitic acid is 54% or more and less than 98%.
[4] The composition and agent according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein the energy metabolism is lipid metabolism.
[5] The composition and agent according to any one of [1] to [4] above, which is a β-oxidation accelerator.
[6] The composition and agent according to any one of [1] to [5] above, which are in a unit package form.
[7] The composition and agent according to any one of [1] to [6], which are foods.
[8] A method for promoting energy metabolism and a method for promoting β-oxidation, comprising ingesting or administering an oil or fat containing an effective amount of a β-long chain saturated fatty acid to a subject in need thereof.
[9] Use of fats and oils containing β-long-chain saturated fatty acids for production of energy metabolism promoters, as energy metabolism promoters, or for energy metabolism promotion.
[10] Use of fats and oils containing a β-long chain saturated fatty acid for the production of a β-oxidation promoter, as a β-oxidation promoter, or for the promotion of β-oxidation.
[11] Fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids for use in promoting energy metabolism [12] Oils and fats containing β-positions and long chain saturated fatty acids for use in promoting β-oxidation.
　本発明の組成物および用剤の有効成分は、長年食品の原料として使用されてきた油脂である。従って、本発明の組成物および用剤は、エネルギー代謝促進効果を奏するとともに、長期間にわたって継続的に摂取しても副作用の懸念がなく、安全性が高い点において有利である。 The active ingredient of the composition and agent of the present invention is fats and oils that have been used as a raw material for food for many years. Therefore, the composition and the preparation of the present invention are advantageous in that they have an effect of promoting energy metabolism and have no side effects even when taken continuously over a long period of time, and are highly safe.
図１は、H油試験食群（H油）およびL油試験食群（L油）の血漿トリグリセリド濃度を示した図（n=8）である（例1）。測定値は平均±標準誤差で示した。また、＊は有意差を示す（P<0.05)。FIG. 1 is a diagram (n = 8) showing plasma triglyceride concentrations in the H oil test meal group (H oil) and the L oil test meal group (L oil) (Example 1). The measured values are shown as mean ± standard error. * Indicates a significant difference (P <0.05). 図２は、H油試験食群およびL油試験食群における脂質代謝酵素（PPARα、CPT1、Acox1）および脂肪酸合成酵素（FAS）の発現量を示した図（n=8）である（例1）。測定値は平均±標準誤差で示した。また、＊は有意差を示す（P<0.05)。FIG. 2 is a diagram (n = 8) showing the expression levels of lipid metabolizing enzymes (PPARα, CPT1, Acox1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the H oil test food group and the L oil test food group (Example 1). ). The measured values are shown as mean ± standard error. * Indicates a significant difference (P <0.05).
発明の具体的説明DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
　本発明の組成物および用剤は、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を有効成分として含んでなるものである。本発明において「β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸」とは、グリセリドのβ位に長鎖飽和脂肪酸が結合した物質であり、化学式上において同一の化合物をすべて指す。また、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸は、純品であっても、他の物質との混合物であってもよい。例えば、公知の測定方法でβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を測定し、その存在を確認した原料をそのまま使用してもよい。前記長鎖飽和脂肪酸としては、炭素数12～24の飽和脂肪酸が挙げられ、例えば、パルミチン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキジン酸、ベヘン酸およびリグノセリン酸が挙げられる。 The composition and the agent of the present invention comprise fats and oils containing a β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid as an active ingredient. In the present invention, the “β-long-chain saturated fatty acid” is a substance in which a long-chain saturated fatty acid is bonded to the β-position of a glyceride and refers to all the same compounds in the chemical formula. Further, the β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid may be a pure product or a mixture with other substances. For example, a β-long chain saturated fatty acid may be measured by a known measurement method, and a raw material whose presence has been confirmed may be used as it is. Examples of the long-chain saturated fatty acid include saturated fatty acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, such as palmitic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid and lignoceric acid.
　本発明の組成物および用剤の一態様によれば、β位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂を有効成分として含んでなるものが提供される。β位－パルミチン酸の豊富な原料（混合物）として、代表的なものがラードであり、これを本発明の組成物および用剤に使用することもできる。一方、ラードには独特の「けもの臭」があり、これを解消するために、パルミチン酸の豊富な植物油脂を化学的に改変または酵素的に改変して、β位－パルミチン酸の豊富な原料を得ることも公知である（特表平８－５０９６２０号公報、特表平８－５０９６２１号公報、特開平６－７０７８６号公報）。あるいは、β位－パルミチン酸の市販品（例えば、Betapol（ロデルス クロクラーン社））を購入して、適宜他の原料と配合して本発明の組成物および用剤に使用してもよい。 According to one aspect of the composition and agent of the present invention, there is provided an oil and fat containing β-palmitic acid as an active ingredient. A typical raw material (mixture) rich in β-palmitic acid is lard, which can also be used in the composition and agent of the present invention. On the other hand, lard has a peculiar “food odor”. To eliminate this, plant oils and fats rich in palmitic acid are chemically or enzymatically modified to enrich β-palmitic acid. It is also known to obtain raw materials (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-509620, Japanese National Publication No. 8-509621, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-70986). Alternatively, a commercially available product of β-position palmitic acid (for example, Betapol (Rodels® Crocran)) may be purchased and blended with other raw materials as appropriate for use in the composition and preparation of the present invention.
　本発明の有効成分であるβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂においては、β位（sn-2位）に結合する脂肪酸総量に対するトリグリセリドのβ位における長鎖飽和脂肪酸の比率（質量比）の下限値は、本発明の効果をよりよく発揮させる観点から、10％とすることができ、また、安定的製造の観点から、上限値は90％を超えない範囲とすることができる。 In fats and oils containing β-position-long chain saturated fatty acids which are active ingredients of the present invention, the ratio (mass ratio) of long-chain saturated fatty acids at the β-position of triglycerides to the total amount of fatty acids bound to the β-position (sn-2 position) The lower limit value can be 10% from the viewpoint of better exhibiting the effects of the present invention, and the upper limit value can be within a range not exceeding 90% from the viewpoint of stable production.
　本発明の有効成分であるβ位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂においては、β位（sn-2位）に結合する脂肪酸総量に対するトリグリセリドのβ位におけるパルミチン酸の比率（質量比）の下限値は、本発明の効果をよりよく発揮させる観点から、10％とすることができ、好ましくは50％、より好ましくは74％である。また、上記比率の上限値は、安定的製造の観点から、90％を超えない範囲とすることができ、好ましくは85％、より好ましくは78％である。これらの下限値および上限値はそれぞれ任意に組み合わせることができ、上記比率の範囲は、例えば、50％以上90％未満、70～85％あるいは74～78％とすることができる。 In fats and oils containing β-palmitic acid as an active ingredient of the present invention, the lower limit value of the ratio (mass ratio) of palmitic acid at β-position of triglyceride to the total amount of fatty acids bound at β-position (sn-2 position) is From the viewpoint of better exhibiting the effects of the present invention, it can be 10%, preferably 50%, more preferably 74%. Further, the upper limit value of the above ratio can be set within a range not exceeding 90% from the viewpoint of stable production, and is preferably 85%, more preferably 78%. These lower limit value and upper limit value can be arbitrarily combined, and the range of the ratio can be, for example, 50% or more and less than 90%, 70 to 85%, or 74 to 78%.
　本発明の有効成分であるβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂においてはまた、全長鎖飽和脂肪酸に対するトリグリセリドのβ位における長鎖飽和脂肪酸の比率（長鎖飽和脂肪酸のβ位への結合比率、質量比）の下限値は、本発明の効果をよりよく発揮させる観点から、10％とすることができ、また、安定的製造の観点から、上限値は98％を超えない範囲とすることができる。 In the fat and oil containing β-long chain saturated fatty acid which is an active ingredient of the present invention, the ratio of long chain saturated fatty acid in β position of triglyceride to full chain saturated fatty acid (ratio of long chain saturated fatty acid to β position, The lower limit of (mass ratio) can be 10% from the viewpoint of better exhibiting the effects of the present invention, and from the viewpoint of stable production, the upper limit may be in a range not exceeding 98%. it can.
　本発明の有効成分であるβ位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂においてはまた、全パルミチン
酸に対するトリグリセリドのβ位におけるパルミチン酸の比率（パルミチン酸のβ位への結合比率、質量比）の下限値は、本発明の効果をよりよく発揮させる観点から、54％とすることができ、好ましくは65％、より好ましくは67％、さらに好ましくは68％である。また、上記比率の上限値は、安定的製造の観点から、98％を超えない範囲とすることができ、好ましくは75％、より好ましくは73％、さらに好ましくは72％である。これらの下限値および上限値はそれぞれ任意に組み合わせることができ、上記比率の範囲は、例えば、54％以上98％未満、65～75％、67～73％あるいは68～72％とすることができる。 In the fats and oils containing β-palmitic acid as the active ingredient of the present invention, the lower limit of the ratio of palmitic acid at the β-position of triglycerides to the total palmitic acid (binding ratio of palmitic acid to β-position, mass ratio) is From the viewpoint of better exhibiting the effects of the present invention, it can be made 54%, preferably 65%, more preferably 67%, and even more preferably 68%. In addition, the upper limit of the above ratio can be within a range not exceeding 98% from the viewpoint of stable production, and is preferably 75%, more preferably 73%, and still more preferably 72%. These lower limit values and upper limit values can be arbitrarily combined, and the range of the ratio can be, for example, 54% or more and less than 98%, 65 to 75%, 67 to 73%, or 68 to 72%. .
　本発明の組成物および用剤は、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を単独で含むものとすることができ、あるいは、他の成分と混合して含むものとすることもできる。本発明の組成物および用剤中のβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂の含有量は、例えば、0.1～70質量％とすることができ、好ましくは1～20質量％である。本発明においては、本発明の用剤をβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂からなるものとし、本発明の組成物をβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を含んでなるものとすることができる。 The composition and the agent of the present invention can contain an oil and fat containing a β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid alone or can be mixed with other components. The content of fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids in the composition and agent of the present invention can be, for example, 0.1 to 70% by mass, preferably 1 to 20% by mass. In the present invention, the agent of the present invention is composed of an oil containing a β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid, and the composition of the present invention is composed of an oil containing a position β-long chain saturated fatty acid. Can do.
　本発明の組成物および用剤は、β位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂を単独で含むものとすることができ、あるいは、他の成分と混合して含むものとすることもできる。本発明の組成物および用剤中のβ位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂の含有量は、例えば、0.1～20質量％とすることができ、好ましくは1～9質量％である。本発明においては、本発明の用剤をβ位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂からなるものとし、本発明の組成物をβ位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂を含んでなるものとすることができる。 The composition and the agent of the present invention can contain an oil and fat containing β-palmitic acid alone or can be mixed with other components. The content of fats and oils containing β-palmitic acid in the compositions and preparations of the present invention can be, for example, 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 1 to 9% by mass. In the present invention, the agent of the present invention may comprise an oil containing β-palmitic acid, and the composition of the present invention may comprise an oil containing β-palmitic acid.
　後記実施例によると、β位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂を摂取させた群は、β位－パルミチン酸の比率が少ない油脂を摂取させた群と比べて、血漿トリグリセリド濃度が有意に低下するとともに、β酸化に関わる遺伝子（PPARα、Cpt1a、Acox1）の発現量が有意に増加した。ここで、β酸化は、脂肪酸代謝において脂肪酸を酸化して脂肪酸アシルCoAを生成し、アセチルCoAを取り出す代謝経路であり、脂肪酸代謝の3つのステージ（β酸化、クエン酸回路、電子伝達系）の最初の段階に該当する。このため、β位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂を摂取させた群においては、該油脂の摂取によってβ酸化が促進され、それによりエネルギー代謝（特に、脂質代謝）が促進されたといえる。従って、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂はエネルギー代謝（特に、脂質代謝）の促進に使用することができるとともに、β酸化の促進に使用することができる。 According to the examples described later, the group fed with fat containing β-palmitic acid significantly decreased the plasma triglyceride concentration compared with the group fed with fat with a low β-palmitic acid ratio, The expression level of genes related to β-oxidation (PPARα, Cpt1a, Acox1) was significantly increased. Here, β-oxidation is a metabolic pathway that oxidizes fatty acid in fatty acid metabolism to produce fatty acyl-CoA and extracts acetyl-CoA. It is the three stages of fatty acid metabolism (β-oxidation, citric acid circuit, electron transport system) This corresponds to the first stage. For this reason, it can be said that in the group ingested with fats and oils containing β-palmitic acid, the intake of the fats and oils promoted β-oxidation, thereby promoting energy metabolism (particularly lipid metabolism). Accordingly, fats and oils containing β-long-chain saturated fatty acids can be used for promoting energy metabolism (particularly lipid metabolism) and for promoting β-oxidation.
　本発明の組成物および用剤は、医薬品、医薬部外品、食品、飼料等の形態で提供することができ、下記の記載に従って実施することができる。 The composition and preparation of the present invention can be provided in the form of pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, foods, feeds, etc., and can be carried out according to the following description.
　本発明においてβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂は、ヒトおよび非ヒト動物に経口投与することができる。経口剤としては、顆粒剤、散剤、錠剤（糖衣錠を含む）、丸剤、カプセル剤、シロップ剤、乳剤、懸濁剤が挙げられる。これらの製剤は、当分野で通常行われている手法により、薬学上許容される担体を用いて製剤化することができる。薬学上許容される担体としては、賦形剤、結合剤、希釈剤、添加剤、香料、緩衝剤、増粘剤、着色剤、安定剤、乳化剤、分散剤、懸濁化剤、防腐剤等が挙げられる。 In the present invention, fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids can be orally administered to humans and non-human animals. Oral preparations include granules, powders, tablets (including sugar-coated tablets), pills, capsules, syrups, emulsions, and suspensions. These preparations can be formulated using a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier by a technique usually performed in this field. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include excipients, binders, diluents, additives, fragrances, buffers, thickeners, colorants, stabilizers, emulsifiers, dispersants, suspending agents, preservatives, etc. Is mentioned.
　本発明においてβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂は、ヒトおよび非ヒト動物に経管投与、経鼻経管投与等の経口投与以外の体内への投与も本発明の組成物および用剤の形状に応じて可能である。例えば、本発明の組成物および用剤を、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を含む粘性を有する液状の組成物、あるいは、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を含む半固形状の組成物とすることで、咀嚼や嚥下の機能が低下し、経口摂取あるいは経口投与ができないヒトおよび非ヒト動物に対しても摂取させ、あるいは投与することができる。本発明の組成物および用剤を経口摂取以外で摂取させるか、あるいは投与することにより、摂取または投与対象の咀嚼や嚥下の機能が加齢等により低下したとしても、対象においてエネルギー代謝促進の効果が期待できる。 In the present invention, the fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids can be administered to humans and non-human animals in the body other than oral administration such as tube administration and nasal tube administration. It is possible depending on the shape. For example, the composition and agent of the present invention can be used as a liquid composition having a viscosity containing fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids, or a semi-solid form containing fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids. By using the composition, the functions of mastication and swallowing are reduced, and it can be ingested or administered to human and non-human animals that cannot be ingested or administered orally. Even if the composition and the preparation of the present invention are ingested or administered by other than oral ingestion, even if the function of chewing or swallowing of the ingested or administered subject is reduced by aging or the like, the effect of promoting energy metabolism in the subject Can be expected.
　本発明においてβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂は、ヒトおよび非ヒト動物に経口摂取させることができる。β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を経口摂取させる場合には、単離、精製または粗精製された形態のものであっても、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を含む食品あるいは食品の原料の形態であってもよい。 In the present invention, fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids can be taken orally by humans and non-human animals. When ingesting fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids, foods or foods containing fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids, even in an isolated, purified or crudely purified form It may be in the form of a raw material.
　本発明においてβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を食品として提供する場合には、該油脂を食品に含有させることができ、このような食品はβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を有効量含有した食品である。本発明においてβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を食品として提供する場合にはまた、該油脂を既に含んでいる食品や原料を本発明の食品として提供することができ、このような食品はβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を有効量含有した食品である。ここで、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を「有効量含有した」とは、個々の食品において通常喫食される量を摂取した場合に後述するような範囲でβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂が摂取されるような含有量をいう。また「食品」とは、健康食品、機能性食品、保健機能食品（例えば、特定保健用食品、栄養機能食品、機能性表示食品）、特別用途食品（例えば、幼児用食品、妊産婦用食品、病者用食品）、栄養補助食品（サプリメント）を含む意味で用いられる。 In the present invention, when fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids are provided as foods, the fats and oils can be contained in foods, and such foods effectively use fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids. It is a food containing a quantity. In the present invention, when providing fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids as foods, foods and raw materials that already contain the fats and oils can be provided as foods of the present invention. A food containing an effective amount of fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids. Here, “containing an effective amount” of fat and oil containing β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid means that β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid is within the range described later when the amount normally consumed in each food is ingested. The content of fats and oils that contain. “Food” means health food, functional food, health functional food (for example, food for specified health use, functional nutrition food, functional indication food), food for special use (for example, food for infants, food for pregnant women, disease, etc.) Food) and nutritional supplements (supplements).
　「食品」の形態は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、飲料や流動食のような液状の形態であっても、ペースト状、半液体、ゲル状の形態であっても、固形、バー、粉末の形態であってもよい。本発明の組成物および用剤の使用形態が粉末の場合、噴霧乾燥、凍結乾燥等の手段を用いることにより製造することができる。 The form of “food” is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a liquid form such as a beverage or a liquid food, a paste form, a semi-liquid form, a gel form, a solid form, a bar, It may be in the form of a powder. When the usage form of the composition and the preparation of the present invention is a powder, it can be produced by using means such as spray drying and freeze drying.
　本発明の組成物および用剤を、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を含有させてなる食品として提供する場合には、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を配合する以外は通常の食品の製造方法に従って製造することができる。すなわち、本発明の食品は、液状、固形、粉末等の形態を問わず、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を、各種食品（例えば、牛乳、清涼飲料、発酵乳、ヨーグルト、チョコレート、グミ、チーズ、パン、ビスケット、クッキー、クラッカー、ピッツァクラスト、ゼリー、アイスクリーム、高エネルギーサプリメント、高エネルギーペースト、調製粉乳、流動食、特別用途食品、病者用食品、総合栄養食品、栄養補助食品、冷凍食品、加工食品、その他の市販食品）またはその原料に添加して調製することができる。また、対象が自身で、各種性状（液状、固形、粉末、ペースト等）のβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を、水や飲食品や食事に添加して摂取することもできる。特に本発明においては、流動食にβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を有効量配合することにより、エネルギー代謝促進機能を併せ持った食品とすることができ、このような食品は咀嚼や嚥下の機能が低下した病者や高齢者に摂取させるか、あるいは投与することができるため有利である。 When providing the composition and agent of the present invention as a food containing an oil or fat containing a β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid, it is usual to add an oil or fat containing an β-position / long chain saturated fatty acid. It can manufacture according to the manufacturing method of foodstuffs. That is, the food of the present invention is not limited to liquid, solid, powder, etc., and the fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids are mixed with various foods (for example, milk, soft drinks, fermented milk, yogurt, chocolate, gummi , Cheese, bread, biscuits, cookies, crackers, pizza crust, jelly, ice cream, high energy supplements, high energy pastes, formula milk, liquid foods, special foods, sick foods, comprehensive nutritional foods, dietary supplements, Frozen foods, processed foods, other commercial foods) or their raw materials can be prepared. In addition, the subject himself / herself can also be ingested by adding fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids of various properties (liquid, solid, powder, paste, etc.) to water, food and drink or meals. In particular, in the present invention, by adding an effective amount of fat and oil containing β-long chain saturated fatty acid to the liquid food, it is possible to obtain a food having a function of promoting energy metabolism. Such a food can be used for chewing and swallowing. It is advantageous because it can be taken or administered to a sick or elderly person with reduced function.
　本発明の組成物および用剤を、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を既に含んでいる食品や原料（特に加工原料）の形態で提供する場合には、そのような食品および原料としては、例えば、ラードや植物油脂等の食用油脂が挙げられる。 When the composition and agent of the present invention are provided in the form of a food or raw material (especially a processed raw material) that already contains an oil containing β-long chain saturated fatty acid, such food and raw material include Examples thereof include edible fats and oils such as lard and vegetable fats and oils.
　本発明の組成物および用剤は、成長が著しくエネルギーの必要量が多い乳幼児の栄養補給や栄養状態改善に好適である。ここで、乳幼児とは、乳児および幼児を含み、さらに詳細には、乳児、幼児および新生児を含み、さらに詳細には、乳児、幼児、新生児、未熟児、早産児および低出生体重児を含む。乳児とは、乳児期にある子供を指し、乳児期とは母乳などの乳を主な栄養源としている時期を意味し、ヒトの場合、通常では1歳未満が乳児期にあたる。幼児とは、一般には就学前（満6～7歳）までの時期にある子供を指す。新生児とは、新生児期にある子供を指し、新生児期とは出生後の間もない時期を意味し、ヒトの場合、通常では出生後から4週間以内が新生児期にあたる。 The composition and the agent of the present invention are suitable for nutritional supplementation and nutritional improvement of infants that are extremely grown and require a large amount of energy. Here, the infant includes infants and infants, and more specifically includes infants, infants, and newborns, and further includes infants, infants, newborns, premature infants, preterm infants, and low birth weight infants. An infant is a child in the infancy, and the infancy means a period when milk such as breast milk is a main nutritional source. Infants generally refer to children in pre-school age (6 to 7 years old). Neonatal refers to a child in the neonatal period, and neonatal period means a period just after birth, and in the case of human beings, the neonatal period is usually within 4 weeks after birth.
　本発明においては、例えば、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を他の原料等と組み合わせて、エネルギー代謝を促進できる組成物やサプリメント、さらには乳幼児用調製粉乳などとして提供することができる。この場合、前記したように、本発明の組成物および用剤は、特に乳幼児の栄養補給や栄養状態改善に好適であることから、乳幼児用調製粉乳としての使用が特に好ましい。 In the present invention, for example, fats and oils containing β-long-chain saturated fatty acids can be combined with other raw materials to provide compositions and supplements that can promote energy metabolism, and infant formulas. In this case, as described above, since the composition and the preparation of the present invention are particularly suitable for feeding and improving nutritional status of infants, use as infant formula is particularly preferred.
　本発明の組成物および用剤はまた、大量のエネルギーを必要とするスポーツ選手やスポーツ愛好者（アスリート）のエネルギー補給にも好適である。これらの者向けの本発明の組成物および用剤は、摂取および投与の便宜から、1食分の有効成分を含む包装形態（例えば、ペースト状、半液体、ゲル状、固形、バー、粉末）で提供することができる。 The composition and agent of the present invention are also suitable for energy supply for athletes and sports enthusiasts (athletes) who require a large amount of energy. The compositions and preparations of the present invention for these persons are packaged (for example, pasty, semi-liquid, gel, solid, bar, powder) containing an active ingredient for one meal for convenience of ingestion and administration. Can be provided.
　本発明の組成物および用剤の医薬品または食品としての1日当たりの摂取量あるいは投与量は、対象の病態、年齢、症状、体重、用途等によって異なるため、特に限定されない。エネルギー代謝促進を目的とする摂取および投与の場合、成人1日当たりのβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸（特に、β位－パルミチン酸）を含む油脂の摂取または投与量（固形分換算）は、特に制限されないが、その下限は、例えば、0.01ｇであり、好ましくは0.1ｇである。また、その上限は、例えば、5ｇであり、好ましくは1ｇである。これらの下限値および上限値はそれぞれ任意に組み合わせることができる。また、摂取または投与の回数および頻度は、エネルギー代謝促進の必要性に応じて適宜定めることができる。摂取量および投与量並びに摂取間隔および投与間隔は、対象の担当医、薬剤師、管理栄養士、栄養士、介護福祉士、ケアマネジャー、ヘルパー、介護施設の職員や、対象の家族などの介護者、対象自身が決定することができる。 The daily intake or dose of the composition and preparation of the present invention as a pharmaceutical or food is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the disease state, age, symptom, body weight, use, etc. of the subject. Ingestion and administration for the purpose of promoting energy metabolism, intake / dose (solid content equivalent) of fats and oils containing β-long-chain saturated fatty acids (particularly β-palmitic acid) per day for adults is particularly limited Although the lower limit is, for example, 0.01 g, preferably 0.1 g. Moreover, the upper limit is 5g, for example, Preferably it is 1g. These lower limit value and upper limit value can be arbitrarily combined. In addition, the number and frequency of ingestion or administration can be appropriately determined according to the necessity of promoting energy metabolism. The intake and dose, as well as the intake and administration intervals are determined by the subject physician, pharmacist, registered dietitian, nutritionist, care worker, care manager, helper, care facility staff, the caregiver of the target family, and the subject itself. Can be determined.
　本発明の組成物および用剤は、他の経口摂取できる組成物や用剤と併用することに制限はない。例えば、エネルギー代謝の促進が期待できる素材や組成物と併用することで、エネルギー代謝の促進効果をさらに高めることができる。 The composition and the agent of the present invention are not limited to be used in combination with other compositions and agents that can be taken orally. For example, when used in combination with materials and compositions that can be expected to promote energy metabolism, the effect of promoting energy metabolism can be further enhanced.
　本発明の組成物および用剤は、エネルギー代謝の促進に有効な1日分の摂取量の組成物および用剤で提供することができる。この場合、本発明の組成物および用剤は、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂の1日分の有効摂取量を摂取できるように包装されていてもよく、1日分の有効摂取量が摂取できる限り、包装形態は一包装であっても、複数包装であってもよい。包装形態で提供する場合、1日分の有効摂取量が摂取できるように摂取量に関する記載が包装になされているか、または該記載がなされた文書を一緒に提供することが望ましい。また、1日分の有効摂取量を複数包装で提供する場合には、摂取の便宜上、1日分の有効摂取量の複数包装をセットで提供することもできる。 The composition and agent of the present invention can be provided as a composition and agent having a daily intake effective for promoting energy metabolism. In this case, the composition and the agent of the present invention may be packaged so as to be able to take an effective intake for one day of fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acid. As long as can be ingested, the packaging form may be one package or multiple packages. When provided in the form of a package, it is desirable that a description of the intake is provided on the package so that an effective intake for one day can be ingested, or a document with the description is provided together. Moreover, when providing the effective intake for one day with a plurality of packages, a plurality of packages with the effective intake for one day can be provided as a set for convenience of intake.
　本発明の組成物および用剤を提供するための包装形態は、一定量を規定する形態であれば特に限定されず、例えば、包装紙、袋、ソフトバッグ、紙容器、缶、ボトル、カプセル等の収容可能な容器等が挙げられる。 The packaging form for providing the composition and the agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a form that defines a certain amount. For example, wrapping paper, bag, soft bag, paper container, can, bottle, capsule, etc. Can be used.
　本発明の組成物および用剤はその効果をよりよく発揮させるために、少なくとも1週間継続的に投与または摂取させることが望ましく、投与および摂取期間は好ましくは継続的に2週間以上（例えば2～14週間）、より好ましくは継続的に3週間以上（例えば3～21週間）である。ここで、「継続的に」とは1週当たり少なくとも1回（例えば1～7回）投与または摂取を続けることを意味する。本発明の組成物および用剤を包装形態で提供する場合には、継続的摂取のために一定期間（例えば、1週間）の有効摂取量をセットで提供してもよい。 The composition and the agent of the present invention are desirably administered or ingested continuously for at least 1 week in order to exert their effects better, and the administration and ingestion period is preferably continuously for 2 weeks or longer (for example, 2 to 14 weeks), and more preferably continuously for 3 weeks or longer (for example, 3 to 21 weeks). Here, “continuously” means that administration or ingestion is continued at least once a week (for example, 1 to 7 times). When the composition and the agent of the present invention are provided in a package form, an effective intake for a certain period (for example, 1 week) may be provided as a set for continuous intake.
　本発明の食品にはエネルギー代謝促進作用を有する旨の表示が付されてもよい。この場合、消費者に理解しやすい表示とするため、本発明の食品には、例えば、以下の一部又は全部の表示が付されてもよい。
・エネルギー代謝を高める食品
・エネルギー代謝において、脂肪を代謝する力を高める食品
・エネルギーを必要とする方に適した食品 The food of the present invention may be labeled with an energy metabolism promoting effect. In this case, in order to make the display easy to understand for the consumer, the food of the present invention may be displayed, for example, with some or all of the following displays.
・ Food that enhances energy metabolism ・ Food that increases the ability to metabolize fat in energy metabolism ・ Food suitable for those who need energy
　本発明の別の面によれば、有効量のβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を、それを必要とする対象に摂取させるか、或いは投与することを含んでなる、エネルギー代謝の促進方法およびβ酸化促進方法が提供される。本発明の方法は、本発明の組成物および用剤に関する記載に従って実施することができる。 According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for promoting energy metabolism comprising ingesting or administering to a subject in need thereof an oil containing an effective amount of a β-long chain saturated fatty acid And β-oxidation promoting methods are provided. The method of the present invention can be carried out as described for the compositions and agents of the present invention.
　本発明のさらにまた別の面によれば、エネルギー代謝促進剤の製造のための、エネルギー代謝促進剤としての、或いは、エネルギー代謝促進のための、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂の使用が提供される。本発明によればまた、β酸化促進剤の製造のための、β酸化促進剤としての、或いは、β酸化促進のための、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂の使用が提供される。本発明の使用は、本発明の組成物および用剤に関する記載に従って実施することができる。 According to still another aspect of the present invention, the use of fats and oils containing β-long-chain saturated fatty acids for the production of energy metabolism promoters, as energy metabolism promoters or for promoting energy metabolism Is provided. The present invention also provides the use of fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids for the production of β-oxidation promoters, as β-oxidation promoters, or for the promotion of β-oxidation. The use of the invention can be carried out as described for the compositions and agents of the invention.
　本発明のさらにまた別の面によれば、エネルギー代謝促進に用いるためのβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂が提供される。本発明によればまた、β酸化促進に用いるためのβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂が提供される。上記のβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂は、本発明の組成物および用剤に関する記載に従って実施することができる。 According to still another aspect of the present invention, there are provided fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids for use in promoting energy metabolism. The present invention also provides fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids for use in promoting β-oxidation. The fats and oils containing the β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid can be carried out according to the description of the composition and agent of the present invention.
　本発明の方法および本発明の使用は、ヒトを含む哺乳動物における使用であってもよく、治療的使用と非治療的使用のいずれもが意図される。本明細書において、「非治療的」とはヒトを手術、治療又は診断する行為（すなわち、ヒトに対する医療行為）を含まないことを意味し、具体的には、医師又は医師の指示を受けた者がヒトに対して手術、治療又は診断を行う方法を含まないことを意味する。 The method of the present invention and the use of the present invention may be used in mammals including humans, and is intended for both therapeutic and non-therapeutic uses. In the present specification, “non-therapeutic” means not including an act of treating, treating or diagnosing a human (ie, a medical act on a human), and specifically, receiving a doctor or a doctor's instructions. It means that the person does not include a method for performing surgery, treatment or diagnosis on humans.
　以下の例に基づき本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例に限定されるものではない。 The present invention will be described more specifically based on the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
例1：パルミチン酸のβ位結合比率の脂質代謝への影響
　例1では、長鎖飽和脂肪酸の1種であるパルミチン酸のβ位結合比率の違いがエネルギー代謝に与える影響をラットにより確認した。 Example 1: Effect of β-bonding ratio of palmitic acid on lipid metabolism In Example 1, the effect of the difference in β-bonding ratio of palmitic acid, which is one of long-chain saturated fatty acids, on energy metabolism was confirmed in rats.
　5週齢の雄性ラット（日本ＳＬＣ社）16匹を対照飼料（AIN76、オリエンタル酵母社）にて1週間飼育し馴化した後、2つの群に分け、表1に示した組成の油脂（L油：β位パルミチン酸低含有油脂、H油：β位パルミチン酸高含有油脂）を混合した飼料、すなわち、L油試験食およびH油試験食（表2参照）を1週間与えた。試験期間中は自由摂食および自由飲水とした。 After 16 weeks of male rats (Japan SLC Co., Ltd.) of 5 weeks old were bred for 1 week in a control diet (AIN76, Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.), they were divided into two groups, and the fats and oils of the composition shown in Table 1 (L oil) : Β-position palmitic acid-containing oil and fat, H oil: β-position palmitic acid-rich oil and fat), ie, L oil test meal and H oil test meal (see Table 2) were given for 1 week. During the study period, they were allowed to eat and drink freely.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　表１中、「比率」は、試験油の脂肪酸総量に対するトリグリセリドに結合する各脂肪酸の割合（質量比）を表す。また、「β位比率」は、トリグリセリドのβ位（sn-2位）に結合する脂肪酸総量に対するβ位における各脂肪酸の割合（質量比）を表す。また、パルミチン酸総量に対するトリグリセリドのβ位に結合するパルミチン酸の割合（質量比）は、L油で4.5％であり、H油で70.4％であった。 In Table 1, “Ratio” represents the ratio (mass ratio) of each fatty acid that binds to triglyceride with respect to the total fatty acid in the test oil. The “β-position ratio” represents the ratio (mass ratio) of each fatty acid at the β-position to the total amount of fatty acids bound to the β-position (sn-2 position) of the triglyceride. Further, the ratio (mass ratio) of palmitic acid binding to the β-position of triglyceride with respect to the total amount of palmitic acid was 4.5% for L oil and 70.4% for H oil.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
　飼育最終日にイソフルラン麻酔下で腹部大動脈より全採血を行い、肝臓の摘出を行った。また、全採血時の血液から血漿を回収し、「トリグリセライド E-テストワコー」（和光純薬工業社）を用いてトリグリセリドの定量を行った。また、肝臓よりRNAを抽出し、リアルタイムPCRにより脂質代謝酵素（PPARα、CPT1、Acox1）および脂肪酸合成酵素（FAS）の発現量を測定した。 On the last day of breeding, whole blood was collected from the abdominal aorta under isoflurane anesthesia, and the liver was removed. In addition, plasma was collected from blood at the time of whole blood collection, and triglyceride was quantified using “Triglyceride® E-Test Wako” (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). In addition, RNA was extracted from the liver, and the expression levels of lipid metabolizing enzymes (PPARα, CPT1, Acox1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were measured by real-time PCR.
　リアルタイムPCRにより発現量を測定した脂質代謝酵素の詳細は以下の通りである。PPARα（α型ペルオキシソーム増殖因子活性型受容体）：主としてCPT1やAcox1などのβ酸化関連遺伝子の発現を制御する。CPT1（カルニチンパルミトイルトランスフェラーゼ1）：アシルCoAにカルニチンを転移させる酵素であり、カルニチンが脂肪酸と結合することにより細胞質からミトコンドリアへ脂肪酸が移行し、β酸化が開始する。Acox1（アシルCoAオキシダーゼ）：β酸化の第1段階（脂肪酸の酸化）を触媒する酵素である。 Details of lipid metabolizing enzymes whose expression levels were measured by real-time PCR are as follows. PPARα (α-type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor): It mainly controls the expression of β-oxidation-related genes such as CPT1 and Acox1. CPT1 (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1): An enzyme that transfers carnitine to acyl-CoA. When carnitine binds to a fatty acid, the fatty acid is transferred from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria, and β-oxidation starts. Acox1 (acyl CoA oxidase): An enzyme that catalyzes the first stage of β-oxidation (fatty acid oxidation).
　リアルタイムPCRは、J. Pharmacol. Sci., 27, 244-250, 2015に記載された手順に従って、内部標準遺伝子として18S リボソームRNAを用いて、18S リボソームRNAの発現量に対する上記脂質代謝酵素の遺伝子の相対的発現量を求めた。なお、逆転写酵素は、PrimeScript RT MasterMix（タカラバイオ社）を、PCR反応試薬は、Quantitect SYBR Green PCR（QIAGEN社）をそれぞれ用いた（いずれも登録商標）。 Real-time PCR is performed according to the procedure described in J. Pharmacol. Sci., 27, 244-250, 2015, using 18S ribosomal RNA as an internal standard gene, and the expression of the lipid metabolizing enzyme gene relative to the expression level of 18S ribosomal RNA. The relative expression level was determined. The reverse transcriptase was PrimeScript RT MasterMix (Takara Bio), and the PCR reaction reagent was Quantitect SYBR Green PCR (QIAGEN) (both are registered trademarks).
　血漿トリグリセリド濃度は、図1に示される通りであった。H油試験食群の血漿トリグリセリド濃度は、L油試験食群に比べて有意に低値を示した（図1）。 The plasma triglyceride concentration was as shown in FIG. The plasma triglyceride concentration in the H oil test diet group was significantly lower than that in the L oil test diet group (FIG. 1).
　肝臓中のβ酸化に関わる遺伝子（PPARα、Cpt1a、Acox1）の発現量は、図2に示される通りであった。いずれの上記遺伝子についても、H油試験食群の発現量がL油試験食群よりも有意に高かった（図2）。一方で、脂肪酸の合成遺伝子（FAS）の発現量については群間に有意差は見られなかった（図2）。

  The expression level of genes (PPARα, Cpt1a, Acox1) involved in β-oxidation in the liver was as shown in FIG. For any of the above genes, the expression level of the H oil test diet group was significantly higher than that of the L oil test diet group (FIG. 2). On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the groups in the expression level of fatty acid synthesis gene (FAS) (Fig. 2).

Claims (12)

  1. 　β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を有効成分として含んでなる、エネルギー代謝促進用組成物。 A composition for promoting energy metabolism, comprising fat and oil containing β-position-long chain saturated fatty acid as an active ingredient.
  2. 　前記油脂が、β位－パルミチン酸を含む油脂である、請求項１に記載の組成物。 The composition according to claim 1, wherein the fat is a fat containing β-position palmitic acid.
  3. 　前記油脂において、全パルミチン酸に対するβ位におけるパルミチン酸の比率が54％以上98％未満である、請求項２に記載の組成物。 The composition according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of palmitic acid at the β-position to the total palmitic acid in the oil is not less than 54% and less than 98%.
  4. 　エネルギー代謝が、脂質代謝である、請求項１～３のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the energy metabolism is lipid metabolism.
  5. 　β酸化促進剤である、請求項１～４のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a β-oxidation accelerator.
  6. 　単位包装形態である、請求項１～５のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is in a unit packaging form.
  7. 　食品である、請求項１～６のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is a food.
  8. 　有効量のβ位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂を、それを必要とする対象に摂取させるか、或いは投与することを含んでなる、エネルギー代謝の促進方法およびβ酸化促進方法。 A method for promoting energy metabolism and a method for promoting β-oxidation, comprising ingesting or administering to a subject in need thereof an oil or fat containing an effective amount of a β-long-chain saturated fatty acid.
  9. 　エネルギー代謝促進剤の製造のための、エネルギー代謝促進剤としての、或いは、エネルギー代謝促進のための、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂の使用。 Use of fats and oils containing β-long-chain saturated fatty acids for the production of energy metabolism promoters, as energy metabolism promoters, or for energy metabolism promotion.
  10. 　β酸化促進剤の製造のための、β酸化促進剤としての、或いは、β酸化促進のための、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂の使用。 Use of fats and oils containing β-long-chain saturated fatty acids for the production of β-oxidation promoters, as β-oxidation promoters, or for the promotion of β-oxidation.
  11. 　エネルギー代謝促進に用いるための、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂。 Fats and oils containing β-long chain saturated fatty acids for use in promoting energy metabolism.
  12. 　β酸化促進に用いるための、β位－長鎖飽和脂肪酸を含む油脂。

          Fats and oils containing β-long-chain saturated fatty acids for use in promoting β-oxidation.

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