WO2019178963A1 - 用于电池的存储单元、电池架和换电站 - Google Patents

用于电池的存储单元、电池架和换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019178963A1
WO2019178963A1 PCT/CN2018/092451 CN2018092451W WO2019178963A1 WO 2019178963 A1 WO2019178963 A1 WO 2019178963A1 CN 2018092451 W CN2018092451 W CN 2018092451W WO 2019178963 A1 WO2019178963 A1 WO 2019178963A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
cleaning device
storage unit
cleaning
unit according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/092451
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郝战铎
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP18911090.1A priority Critical patent/EP3770030A4/en
Publication of WO2019178963A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019178963A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • B08B1/20—Cleaning of moving articles, e.g. of moving webs or of objects on a conveyor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/202—Casings or frames around the primary casing of a single cell or a single battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of charging services, and in particular relates to a storage unit and a battery rack for a battery, and a power station provided with the storage unit and/or the battery rack.
  • Replacing the battery is the fastest way to recharge the electric car.
  • the best mode of changing the passenger car is the chassis type replacement.
  • the battery In order to replace the battery, the battery is barely installed on the bottom of the vehicle, that is, the bottom surface of the power battery is facing the ground. During the running of the vehicle, the dirt on the bottom surface will accumulate on the bottom surface of the power battery to different extents.
  • the top of the power battery is equipped with important components and interfaces.
  • the power battery is stored in a substation of a stacked structure during storage.
  • the top surface of the power battery is exposed to the outside world. Once dirt and sewage enter these devices and interfaces, it will bring greater safety risks to the power battery.
  • One aspect of the present invention is to provide a storage unit for a battery, comprising:
  • a conveying portion disposed on the body and defining a conveying path, and the conveying portion is disposed adjacent to the cleaning device, the battery is moved relative to the body along the conveying path; and a cleaning device The cleaning device is disposed on the body for cleaning the battery passing through the position of the body where the cleaning device is located.
  • the conveying portion and the cleaning device are distributed on the top of the body.
  • the conveying path defines a path in a first direction
  • the cleaning device is disposed in a second direction crossing the first direction
  • the cleaning device is provided as a cleaning strip made of a flexible material extending in the second direction.
  • the transfer path includes a shared path in which the battery moves in and out of the body.
  • the cleaning device is arranged to perform active cleaning or passive cleaning of the battery, and in the case where the cleaning device is passively cleaned, the cleaning device stops working when the conveying portion stops operating.
  • the cleaning device includes a cleaning tool and a accommodating portion that are in contact with the battery, and the cleaning tool is removably disposed in the accommodating portion.
  • the storage unit further comprising a collecting portion for receiving dirt, the collecting portion being disposed on the body, the collecting portion comprising a collecting port and a tray communicating with the collecting port, the tray being disposed in a same manner The body can be extracted.
  • the collection port is disposed adjacent to the cleaning device, and the tray is located at a bottom of the body to isolate the internal space of the body from the outside.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a battery rack including at least two storage units according to any one of the above described in the height direction.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is to provide a power substation including the above described storage unit and/or battery rack.
  • the storage unit is equipped with a cleaning device that cleans the portion of the battery passing therethrough during the process of entering or unloading the battery relative to the storage unit. No additional cleaning tools and cleaning steps are required.
  • the cleaning device of the invention can be used without additional power, and does not increase the complexity of the storage unit, and is stable and reliable.
  • the cleaning device of the cleaning device of the present invention is in contact with the bottom surface of the battery as a soft material, and does not damage the bottom surface of the battery.
  • the cleaning device of the invention can be easily replaced after being worn for a long time, has low cost and is easy to be popularized.
  • the collecting portion of the present invention collects the dirt removed by the cleaning device and the dirt that is not cleaned by the cleaning device.
  • the tray is physically isolated to effectively prevent contamination of the underlying battery by contamination, sewage, etc. on the underside of the upper battery.
  • the tray is movable and can be easily extracted for easy cleaning of the collected dirt on a regular basis.
  • the invention solves the problem of pollution and sewage on the bottom surface of the power battery exchanged from the vehicle in the power station.
  • the bottom surface of the battery is cleaned, and the sewage, sewage, etc. are collected, and then periodically cleaned by the staff to prevent the dirt on the underside of the upper battery, sewage, etc. from falling directly on the top of the lower power battery, effectively protecting the power battery.
  • the electrical connector and cooling interface are not polluted, which reduces the safety hazard of the power battery and improves the operating efficiency of the power station.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a memory unit according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the state when the battery is moved into the storage unit
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the state when the battery is removed from the storage unit
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cleaning device in a storage unit according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of a power substation according to the present invention.
  • the invention relates to a storage unit for receiving and storing a battery, in particular for receiving and storing a power battery on an electric vehicle.
  • the storage unit can receive and store a depleted battery to be charged, or store and provide a charged fully charged battery.
  • the battery rack according to the present invention includes a plurality of storage units, and the plurality of storage units are stacked above and below to form a battery rack.
  • the power station according to the present invention is constructed by the above-mentioned storage unit and/or battery rack in a certain arrangement.
  • the depleted battery can be sent to the storage unit of the substation for charging, and the replaced battery is sent by the substation.
  • the storage unit includes a body 1, a conveying portion 2, a cleaning device 3, and a collecting portion 4.
  • the body 1 is a frame structure for the storage unit, and can receive the removed battery or the battery is removed from the body.
  • the conveying portion 2 is disposed on the body 1 to define a conveying path, and the battery moves relative to the body 1 along the conveying path.
  • the transfer unit 2 may be other devices that transport batteries, such as belt drives, chain drives, or roller drives.
  • the transfer portion 2 can be powered, such as driven by a motor, or unpowered, such as by feeding or pulling the battery into or out of the body by other transport equipment or personnel.
  • the transfer portion 2 is generally constructed of at least two belt drives (in Figure 1, one belt drive is shown and the other belt drive is blocked by it and therefore invisible).
  • the transport path defined by the transport portion assists in moving the battery into or out of the body.
  • the transfer portion 2 is stopped, and the battery can be supported on the transfer portion 2 for charging.
  • the cleaning device 3 is disposed on the body 1, and the moving battery passes through the cleaning device 3, so that the battery passing through the position of the body where the cleaning device 3 is located can be cleaned.
  • the cleaning device 3 is integrated on the body 1 instead of being separately provided from the body 1, and the cleaning device 3 can perform cleaning work on the moving battery. That is, the battery is cleaned at the same time as it enters or leaves the storage unit, eliminating the need for additional cleaning tools and additional cleaning procedures.
  • the collecting portion 4 is also disposed on the body 1 to receive dirt detached from the battery, including dirt removed from the battery by the cleaning device and/or dirt dropped from the battery.
  • the conveying portion 2 and the cleaning device 3 are distributed on the top of the body 1.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that both the transfer portion 2 and the cleaning device 3 are in contact with the bottom of the battery. After the battery is installed on the vehicle, the bottom is directly exposed to the outside world, so it will suffer more pollution and sewage. If the conveying portion 2 and the cleaning device 3 are arranged at the top of the storage unit, after the battery enters the storage unit, the cleaning device 3 can directly clean the dirty battery bottom surface.
  • the cleaning device 3 may be arranged to be arranged in a direction crossing the conveying path 7.
  • the battery is moved into or out of the body in a first direction x
  • the cleaning device 3 is arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction x (in the illustrated embodiment, the second direction is Go through the direction of the plane in which the drawing is located).
  • the second direction may also be a direction inclined to the first direction.
  • the cleaning device 3 may be a cleaning strip arranged in a second direction, the cleaning strip extending in the second direction and made of a flexible material that does not damage the bottom surface of the battery 5.
  • the cleaning strips are brush strips, sponge strips, soft steel strips, and the like.
  • the cleaning strip is configured to expose the body frame structure.
  • the cleaning strip comes into contact with the bottom surface of the battery 5, and the dirty sewage at the bottom of the battery 5 is detached by friction, and is collected by falling into the collecting portion 4.
  • the cleaning device 3 is stopped, the bottom of the battery 5 is not completely cleaned of the sewage, and the ice melt is also dropped into the collecting portion 4 to be collected.
  • the transfer portion 2 can be rotated in the forward direction to move the battery 5 into the body 1 or reversely to move the battery 5 out of the body 1.
  • the transport path 7 includes a path in which the battery 5 is moved into the body 1 and a shared path in which the battery 5 moves out of the body 1, that is, the battery 5 enters the body 1 in one direction and can also move out of the body 1 in the opposite direction. Therefore, the battery 5 passes through the cleaning device 3 twice during the movement and during the removal, and the cleaning device 3 can perform the secondary cleaning of the battery 5. As shown, the cleaning device 3 can be disposed adjacent to the side of the body 1 that receives the battery from the outside (the cleaning device 3 is adjacent to the right side of the body 1).
  • the cleaning device 3 when viewed from the direction in which the battery 5 is moved in, as shown in FIG. 2, the cleaning device 3 is disposed adjacent to the conveying portion 2. After the battery 5 enters the body 1, it passes through the cleaning device 3 and is then transported to the transfer unit 2. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, when viewed from the direction in which the battery 5 is removed, the battery 5 exits the body 1 from the transport portion 2 via the cleaning device 3.
  • the cleaning device 3 can be an active cleaning or a passive cleaning.
  • the cleaning device In the active cleaning mode, the cleaning device has its own drive mechanism that is driven to operate or to stop working.
  • the passive cleaning mode the cleaning device does not require additional power, and the cleaning device cleans the battery by moving the battery.
  • the conveying portion stops working at this time, whereby the cleaning device also stops cleaning of the battery.
  • the setting of the drive mechanism is eliminated, simplifying the structure.
  • the cleaning device 3 includes a cleaning tool 31 and a receiving portion 32 from which the cleaning tool 31 can be removed.
  • the receiving portion 32 is a long groove.
  • the groove can be fixed to the top of the body.
  • the cleaning tool 31 is a brush strip accommodated in the groove, and the brush strip is detachable and is very convenient to replace. In this way, after a plurality of brush strips are worn out, the cleaning device can be continued by replacing the new brush strip.
  • the collecting portion 4 includes a collecting port 41 and a collecting tool that communicates with the collecting port 41.
  • the dirt detached from the battery falls from the collection port 41 into the collection tool.
  • the collection opening 41 is located at the top of the body 1 and is adjacent to the cleaning device 3.
  • the collection ports 41 are distributed on both sides of the cleaning device 3. Specifically, when the battery 5 is moved into the body 1, the removed dirt falls from the collection port 41 on the side (right side) of the cleaning device 3.
  • the collection tool is a tray 42 that can be withdrawn from the body 1.
  • the tray 42 is located at the bottom of the body 1 as the inner space of the body 1 from the outside.
  • the dirt collected through the collection port 41 is accumulated in the tray 42, and the tray 42 can be periodically withdrawn from the tray 42 for cleaning.
  • the tray 42 area can cover the entire battery 5.
  • the battery rack is a multi-layer structure composed of the storage units 100, 200, and the tray 42 on each of the storage units 100, 200 is a physical partition,
  • the dirt in the upper storage unit 100 is effectively prevented from falling onto the lower storage unit 200.
  • the top surface of the battery 5 is provided with important components and interfaces such as an electrical connector, a cooling interface, and the like, keeping these devices and interfaces from being contaminated to maintain the operational performance of the battery 5, thereby extending the life of the battery 5. If the collection tool is not disposed between the storage units 100, 200, the dirt of the battery 5 on the upper storage unit 100 is likely to fall onto the top surface of the battery 5 of the next storage unit 200, which is undesirable.
  • a collecting tool such as the tray 42 shown in the drawing is disposed at the bottom of the storage unit 100, 200, and the dirt of the battery 5 of the upper storage unit 100 can be collected, and the dirt can be prevented from falling to the lower layer.
  • the battery 5 of the unit 200 effectively protects the cleaning of the battery 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于电池的存储单元包括：用于存储电池（5）的本体（1）；传送部（2），其设置于本体（1）上并且限定出传送路径，电池沿传送路径相对于本体（1）移动；以及，清洁装置（3），其设置于本体（1）上，并且传送部（2）邻近清洁装置（3），用于对通过清洁装置（3）所在本体位置的电池进行清洁。该存储单元可清洁存入存储单元的电池部分。还公开了包括该存储单元的电池架和换电站。

Description

用于电池的存储单元、电池架和换电站 技术领域
本发明属于充电服务领域，具体说涉及一种用于电池的存储单元和电池架，以及一种设置有所述存储单元和/或电池架的换电站。
背景技术
更换电池是目前电动汽车最快速的补电方式，乘用车最佳的换电模式是采用底盘式更换。为更换电池方便，电池是裸露安装在车辆底部的，即动力电池底面是面向地面的，在车辆行驶过程中底面污物会不同程度积集在动力电池底面。
另外，动力电池顶部设置有重要的器件和接口。然而，动力电池在存储过程中是储存在层叠结构的换电站内。动力电池的顶部表面裸露于外界。一旦污物、污水进入这些器件和接口，会给动力电池带来较大的安全隐患。
发明内容
本发明涉及的一个方面是提供一种用于电池的存储单元，包括：
用于存储电池的本体；
传送部，所述传送部设置于所述本体上并且限定出传送路径，并且所述传送部设置成邻近所述清洁装置，电池沿所述传送路径相对于所述本体移动；以及清洁装置，所述清洁装置设置于所述本体上，用于对通过所述清洁装置所在本体位置的电池进行清洁。
在上述存储单元中，所述传送部和所述清洁装置分布在所述本体的顶部上。
在上述存储单元中，所述传送路径限定出沿第一方向的路径，所述清洁装置设置成沿交叉于所述第一方向的第二方向。
在上述存储单元中，所述清洁装置设置为沿所述第二方向延伸的由柔性材料制成的清洁条。
在上述存储单元中，所述传送路径包括电池移入和移出所述本体的共享的路径。
在上述存储单元中，所述清洁装置设置成对电池进行主动式清洁或被动 式清洁，在所述清洁装置为被动式清洁的情况下，当所述传送部停止工作时，所述清洁装置停止工作。
在上述存储单元中，所述清洁装置包括与电池接触的清洁工具和收纳部，所述清洁工具可移除地设置在所述收纳部中。
在上述存储单元中，还包括接收污物的收集部，所述收集部设置在所述本体上，所述收集部包括收集口和与所述收集口连通的托盘，所述托盘设置成与所述本体可抽离。
在上述存储单元中，所述收集口设置于邻近所述清洁装置，所述托盘位于所述本体的底部以将所述本体内部空间与外界隔离。
本发明涉及的另一方面是提供了一种电池架，其包括沿高度方向设置的至少两个根据上述任意一种所述的存储单元。
本发明涉及的再一方面是提供了一种包括上述存储单元和/或电池架的换电站。
存储单元上配备有清洁装置，在电池相对于存储单元入仓或出仓的过程中，清洁装置对通过其的电池部分进行清洁。无需额外的清洁工具和清洁步骤。
本发明的清洁装置可不需额外动力，不会增加存储单元的复杂性，稳定可靠。本发明的清洁装置与电池底面接触的清洁条为软质材料，不会损伤电池底面。本发明的清洁装置长期使用磨损后可方便更换，成本低，易于推广。本发明的收集部收集被清洁装置清除下来的污物以及未被清洁装置清洁彻底的污物。托盘作为物理隔离，有效防止上层电池底面的污秽、污水等污染下层电池。托盘是活动的，可方便抽出，便于定期清理收集到的污秽物，操作便捷。
本发明解决了换电站内从车辆上交换来的动力电池底面的污秽、污水问题。在电池进出存储单元过程中，电池底面被清洁，污秽、污水等会被收集起来，然后由工作人员定期清理，避免上层电池底面的污秽、污水等直接落在下层动力电池顶部，有效保护动力电池的电连接器、冷却接口不被污染，减少动力电池安全隐患，提升换电站运行效率。
通过以下参考附图的详细说明，本发明的其他方面和特征变得明显。但是应当知道，该附图仅仅为解释的目的设计，而不是作为本发明的范围的限定，这是因为其应当参考附加的权利要求。还应当知道，附图仅仅意图概念地说明此 处描述的结构和流程，除非另外指出，不必要依比例绘制附图。
附图说明
结合附图参阅以下具体实施方式的详细说明，将更加充分地理解本发明，附图中同样的参考附图标记始终指代视图中同样的元件。其中：
图1是本发明涉及的存储单元的结构示意图；
图2是电池移入存储单元时的状态示意；
图3是电池移出存储单元时的状态示意；
图4是本发明涉及的存储单元中的清洁装置的结构示意图；以及
图5是本发明涉及的换电站的局部示意图。
具体实施方式
为帮助本领域的技术人员能够确切地理解本发明要求保护的主题，下面结合附图详细描述本发明的具体实施方式。
本发明涉及的存储单元用于接收和存储电池，尤其是用于接收和存储电动汽车上的动力电池。该存储单元可以接收和存储待充电的亏电电池，或者存储和提供经充电的满电电池。本发明涉及的电池架包括多个存储单元，多个存储单元以上下堆叠的方式构成电池架。本发明涉及的换电站由上述存储单元和/或电池架以一定的排列方式构建而成。亏电电池可以被送入换电站的存储单元中等待充电，经更换的电池由换电站送出。
图1为本发明涉及的用于电池的存储单元的结构示意图。参见图1，该存储单元包括本体1、传送部2、清洁装置3和收集部4。本体1为用于存储单元的框架结构，可以接收移入的电池或者电池从本体移出。传送部2设置于本体1上，限定出传送路径，电池沿传送路径相对于本体1移动。传送部2可以是带传动、链传动、或滚轮传动等其他输送电池的装置。传送部2可以是动力驱动的，如由电机驱动，或者是无动力驱动的，如通过其他输送设备或人力将电池送入或拉出本体。当电池是面积较为庞大的电池板时，传送部2一般由至少两条带传动构成(在图1中，示出了一条带传动，另一条带传动被其遮挡因此不可见)。传送部限定出的传送路径帮助电池移入本体或移出本体。当电池移入本体1到位后，传送部2停止工作，电池可以支承在传送部2上等待充电。
清洁装置3设置在本体1上，移动中的电池会经过清洁装置3，因此可以 对通过清洁装置3所在本体位置的电池进行清洁。清洁装置3集成在本体1上而非离开本体1单独设置，并且清洁装置3可以对移动中的电池进行清洁工作。也就是说，电池进入或离开存储单元的同时一并清洁，无需额外的清洁工具和额外的清洁工序。收集部4也设置在本体1上，接收从电池脱离的污物，包括由清洁装置从电池上移除掉的污物和/或从电池掉落下的污物。
传送部2和清洁装置3分布在本体1的顶部。这样设置的好处在于传送部2和清洁装置3均与电池的底部进行接触。电池安装在车辆上后，底部直接暴露于外界，因此会遭受较多的污秽和污水。如果将传送部2和清洁装置3布置在存储单元的顶部，则电池进入存储单元后，清洁装置3可直接对肮脏的电池底面进行清洁。
清洁装置3可以设置成沿交叉于传送路径7的方向布置。如图2、3所示的实施例中，电池沿第一方向x移入或移出本体，清洁装置3沿垂直于第一方向x的第二方向布置(在图示实施例中，第二方向即穿过附图所在平面的方向)。当然，第二方向也可以是倾斜于第一方向的方向。清洁装置3可以为沿第二方向布置的清洁条，该清洁条在第二方向上延伸且由不会损伤电池5底面的柔性材料制成。例如但非限制性的，清洁条为毛刷条、海绵条、软钢丝条等。清洁条设置为露出本体框架结构。电池5经过时，清洁条与电池5底面接触，通过摩擦使电池5底部的污秽污水脱离，并向下落入收集部4被收集。当清洁装置3停止工作时，电池5底部未被清除彻底的污水、冰块融水同样滴入收集部4内被收集。
传送部2可以正向转动将电池5移入本体1或反向转动将电池5移出本体1。传送路径7包括电池5移入本体1的路径和电池5移出本体1的共享路径，即电池5朝着一个方向进入本体1也可以朝着相反方向移出本体1。因此，电池5在移入期间和移出期间会两次通过清洁装置3，清洁装置3可以对电池5进行二次清洁。如图所示，清洁装置3可以设置于靠近本体1从外界接收电池的一侧(图中清洁装置3靠近本体1的右侧)。也就是说，当从电池5移入的方向看时，见图2，清洁装置3设置成邻近传送部2。电池5进入本体1后，先经过清洁装置3后输送到传送部2。或者见图3，当从电池5移出的方向看时，电池5从传送部2经由清洁装置3后离开本体1。
清洁装置3可以是主动式清洁或被动式清洁。在主动式清洁工作模式下， 清洁装置自带驱动机构，由该驱动机构驱动工作或停止工作。在被动式清洁工作模式下，清洁装置不需额外动力，通过电池移动，清洁装置对电池进行清洁。当电池停止移动时，此时传送部停止工作，由此清洁装置也停止对电池的清洁。在这种工作模式下，省去了驱动机构的设置，简化了结构。
清洁装置3包括清洁工具31和收纳部32，清洁工具31可从收纳部32中移除。参见图4，在图示的经组合的清洁装置中，收纳部32为长条凹槽。该凹槽可固定在本体顶部。清洁工具31为凹槽内收纳的毛刷条，该毛刷条可拆卸下来，非常方便替换。这样，当使用多次毛刷条磨损后，可以通过更换新的毛刷条继续使用清洁装置。
收集部4包括收集口41和与收集口41连通的收集工具。电池上脱离的污物从收集口41掉落到收集工具中。在图所示的实施例中，收集口41位于本体1顶部并且靠近清洁装置3。这样经清洁装置3清除的污物以及未被清洁装置清除彻底的污水、冰块融水等都可以收集到收集口41中。在图2和图3中，可以看到，收集口41分布在清洁装置3的两侧。具体说，当电池5移入本体1时，经清除下的污物从清洁装置3一侧(右侧)的收集口41处落下。当电池5移出本体1时，经清除下的污物从清洁装置3一侧(左侧)的收集口41处落下。收集工具为托盘42，该托盘42可抽离于本体1。该托盘42位于本体1底部作为本体1内部空间与外界的隔离。经由收集口41收集的污物堆积在托盘42内，可以定期抽离托盘42进行清理。托盘42面积可以覆盖整块电池5。这样，当多个存储单元沿高度方向排列构建成电池架时，如图5所示，电池架为存储单元100,200组成的多层结构，每个存储单元100,200上的托盘42是物理隔离件，其有效阻止了在上层的存储单元100内的污物掉落到下层的存储单元200上。通常，电池5的顶部表面上设置有电连接器、冷却接口等重要器件和接口，保持这些器件和接口不被污染以保持电池5的运行性能，从而延长电池5的使用寿命。如果存储单元100,200之间不设置收集工具，则上一层存储单元100上电池5的污物很有可能掉落到下一层存储单元200的电池5的顶部表面上，这是不希望看到的，因此在存储单元100,200底部设置收集工具例如图中示出的托盘42，既能收集上层的存储单元100的电池5被清除下的污物，还能防止这些污物掉落到下层的存储单元200的电池5上，有效保护了电池5的清洁。
虽然已详细地示出并描述了本发明的具体实施例以说明本发明的原理，但应理解的是，本发明可以其它方式实施而不脱离这样的原理。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于电池的存储单元，其特征是包括：
    用于存储电池的本体(1)；
    传送部(2)，所述传送部(2)设置于所述本体(1)上并且限定出传送路径，电池沿所述传送路径相对于所述本体(1)移动；以及
    清洁装置(3)，所述清洁装置(3)设置于所述本体(1)上，并且所述传送部(2)邻近所述清洁装置(3)，用于对通过所述清洁装置(1)所在本体位置的电池进行清洁。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的存储单元，其特征是：所述传送部(2)和所述清洁装置(3)分布在所述本体(1)的顶部上，所述传送路径包括电池移入和移出所述本体(1)的共享的路径。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的存储单元，其特征是：所述传送路径限定出沿第一方向(x)的路径，所述清洁装置(3)设置成沿交叉于所述第一方向(x)的第二方向。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的存储单元，其特征是：所述清洁装置(3)设置为沿所述第二方向延伸的由柔性材料制成的清洁条。
  5. 根据权利要求1‐4中任一项所述的存储单元，其特征是：所述清洁装置(3)设置成对电池进行主动式清洁或被动式清洁，在所述清洁装置(3)为被动式清洁的情况下，当所述传送部(2)停止工作时，所述清洁装置(3)停止工作。
  6. 根据权利要求1‐4中任一项所述的存储单元，其特征是：所述清洁装置(3)包括与电池接触的清洁工具(31)和收纳部(32)，所述清洁工具(31)可移除地设置在所述收纳部(32)中。
  7. 根据权利要求1‐4中任一项所述的存储单元，其特征是：还包括接收污物的收集部(4)，所述收集部(4)设置于所述本体(1)上，所述收集部(4)包括收集口(41)和与所述收集口(41)连通的托盘(42)，所述托盘(42)设置成与所述本体(1)可抽离。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的存储单元，其特征是：所述收集口(41)设置于邻近所述清洁装置(3)，所述托盘(42)位于所述本体(1)的底部以将所述本体(1)内部空间与外界隔离。
  9. 一种电池架，其特征是包括沿高度方向设置的至少两个根据权利要求1‐8中任一项所述的存储单元。
  10. 一种换电站，其特征是包括根据权利要求1‐8中任一项所述的存储单元和/或根据权利要求9所述的电池架。
PCT/CN2018/092451 2018-03-20 2018-06-22 用于电池的存储单元、电池架和换电站 WO2019178963A1 (zh)

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